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Barry TJ, Hallford DJ. Transdiagnostic and transtherapeutic strategies for optimising autobiographical memory. Behav Res Ther 2024; 180:104575. [PMID: 38852230 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Our memories for past personally experienced autobiographical events play an important role in therapy, irrespective of presenting issue, diagnoses or therapeutic modality. Here, we summarise evidence for how autobiographical memory abilities can influence our mental health and the relevance of this for the treatment of mental health problems. We then guide the reader through principles and strategies for optimising autobiographical memory within treatment. We ground these recommendations within research for stand-alone interventions for improving autobiographical memory and from studies of how to support the formation and retrieval of therapeutic memories. Options are given for clinicians to guide clients in improving retrieval of autobiographical memories within treatment, for improving autobiographical memory for the therapeutic experience itself, and for creating improvements in autobiographical memory that endure post-treatment. We also provide worksheets for clinicians to use within treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Barry
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
| | - D J Hallford
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
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2
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Cao J, Zhou C. Effect of computerized cognitive remediation therapy on mental time travel in patients with schizophrenia- a pilot randomized controlled trial. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1363290. [PMID: 38757140 PMCID: PMC11096490 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1363290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the intervention effect of computerized cognitive remediation therapy (CCRT) on mental time travel (MTT) in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ). Methods From August 2020 to July 2021, 60 patients with SCZ were randomly allocated to either the study or the control group. The control group was treated with conventional drugs alone. The study group received CCRT and medical therapy for 40 minutes three times a week for 4 weeks. The participants underwent the MTT test before and after the training. Results A total of 28 patients in the study group and 26 patients in the control group were included in the analysis. Before training, there was no significant difference in the concretization ratio of recalling past and imagining future events between the study group and the control group (P > 0.05). After 4 weeks of training, the specific event ratio of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). In terms of the emotional titer of the events, the concreteness of the positive events in the study group was higher than that of the neutral events and negative events (P < 0.01). The concreteness of negative events was higher than that of neutral events (P < 0.01). Conclusion CCRT can improve the MTT ability of SCZ patients, which is manifested by an increase in the concretiveness of recalling past and imagining future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Cao
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan, China
| | - Cao Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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3
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Dassing R, Offerlin-Meyer I, Cugnot A, Danion JM, Krasny-Pacini A, Berna F. Improving autobiographical memory in schizophrenia using wearable cameras: A single-case experimental study. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024; 34:103-132. [PMID: 36520673 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2022.2155668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autobiographical memory (AM) impairments influence both sense of identity and social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. However, cognitive remediation methods addressing these difficulties do not sufficiently consider the heterogeneity of this disorder and frequently face methodological limitations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a method using a wearable camera (NarrativeClip®), through an alternating treatments design across two types of AM training. In parallel, repeated measures were used to appreciate the efficacy, specificity, and generalizability of the programme's benefits. Three patients were invited to wear the camera during 24 personal events. Ten of these events memories were trained by visual cueing (wearable camera condition), 10 others by verbal cueing (written diary condition) and 4 were not trained (control condition). Using pictures collected by the wearable camera seemed particularly relevant, since it promoted more detailed recalls than the diary method, from the first training session and until the end of a one-year follow-up. In addition, the repeated measures performed revealed (1) the efficacy (improvement in AM capacities after participating in the programme), (2) specificity (persistence of working memory deficits), and (3) generalizability (improvement in measures of episodic memory) of our cognitive remediation programme's effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Dassing
- INSERM U1114 - Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
- Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isabelle Offerlin-Meyer
- INSERM U1114 - Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
- Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alice Cugnot
- INSERM U1114 - Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Danion
- INSERM U1114 - Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
- Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agata Krasny-Pacini
- INSERM U1114 - Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- University Rehabilitation Institute Clemenceau, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Berna
- INSERM U1114 - Cognitive Neuropsychology and Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia, Strasbourg, France
- Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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4
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Herold CJ, Duval CZ, Schröder J. Autobiographical memory in chronic schizophrenia: A follow-up study. Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108707. [PMID: 37890662 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic schizophrenia is a very disabling disease and patient's social integration remains difficult. One important aspect is autobiographical memory (AM) as it is impaired in schizophrenia and highly correlated to patient's outcome, since its closely linked to self and identity. Reduced specificity and lack of details are characteristics of patients' AM, but its longitudinal course in schizophrenia remains unclear. We examined 21 patients who underwent our protocol twice with an interval of 7 years. AM was assessed using a semi-structured interview, covering four periods of life and addressing semantic knowledge and autobiographical episodes as well as their details. The results can be divided into three parts, separating semantic memories, specific autobiographical memories and details describing the latter. While a significant deterioration of semantic AM over time could be revealed, the specificity of the free recalled autobiographical episodes remained rather stable - albeit on a low level. In contrast, unique events were remembered with significantly less details at follow-up than at the first examination. While floor-effects given a relatively small number of unique events have to be considered, semantic AM and episodic details seem to be a valuable target for AM remediation given their further deterioration over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Herold
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Voßstr. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Céline Z Duval
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Voßstr. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Schröder
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Voßstr. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
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Barry TJ, Takano K, Hallford DJ, Roberts JE, Salmon K, Raes F. Autobiographical memory and psychopathology: Is memory specificity as important as we make it seem? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2023; 14:e1624. [PMID: 36178082 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Several decades of research have established reduced autobiographical memory specificity, or overgeneral memory, as an important cognitive factor associated with the risk for and maintenance of a range of psychiatric diagnoses. In measuring this construct, experimenters code autobiographical memories for the presence or absence of a single temporal detail that indicates that the remembered event took place on a single, specific, day (Last Thursday when I rode bikes with my son), or multiple days (When I rode bikes with my son). Studies indicate that the specificity of memories and the amount of other episodic detail that they include (e.g., who, what, and where) are related and may rely on the same neural processes to elicit their retrieval. However, specificity and detailedness are nonetheless separable constructs: imperfectly correlated and differentially associated with current and future depressive symptoms and other associated intrapersonal (e.g., rumination) and interpersonal (e.g., social support) outcomes. The ways in which the details of our memories align with narrative themes (i.e., agency, communion, identity) and the coherence with which these details are presented, are also emerging as important factors associated with psychopathology. The temporal specificity of autobiographical memories may be important, but other memory constructs warrant further attention in research and theory, especially given the associations, and dependencies, between each of these constructs. Researchers in this area must consider carefully whether their research questions necessitate a focus on autobiographical memory specificity or whether a more inclusive analysis of other autobiographical memory features is necessary and more fruitful. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Barry
- Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology, The University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Keisuke Takano
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - John E Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Karen Salmon
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Filip Raes
- Centre for Learning Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Herold CJ, Lässer MM, Schröder J. Autobiographical memory impairment in chronic schizophrenia: Significance and clinical correlates. J Neuropsychol 2023; 17:89-107. [PMID: 36065152 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies of autobiographical memory (AM) in schizophrenia yielded a reduction of specificity, richness of details and conscious recollection, which indicate both, quantitative and qualitative AM changes. However, their associations with psychopathological symptoms and neuropsychological deficits were not resolved. Therefore, we sought to investigate AM with respect to psychopathology and neuropsychology in patients with chronic schizophrenia to rule out the influence of different courses of the disease. AM of four lifetime periods was examined in 75 patients and 50 healthy controls by using a semi-structured interview. The recalled episodes were rated for memory specificity. Subsequently, one single event of each period of life was rated for details and experiential aspects of reliving (originality, vividness/visual imagery, emotional re-experiencing and emotional valence). When contrasted with healthy controls, patients recalled a significantly reduced number of episodes and personal semantic facts; moreover, memory specificity of AM was significantly lower in patients than controls. While the richness of details calculated for single events showed only minor, non-significant group differences, vividness and emotional re-experiencing were significantly less pronounced in the patient group. Along with this, AM performance correlated significantly with negative symptoms including apathy as well as verbal memory and executive functions. Our results underline the significance of overgenerality as a key feature of AM in schizophrenia as well as a dissociation between intact number of details of single events and reduced vividness and emotional re-experiencing. The extent of negative symptoms including apathy and impairments of verbal memory/executive functions may explain AM deficits in chronic schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Herold
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc M Lässer
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Rehaklinik Zihlschlacht, Centre for Neurological Rehabilitation, Zihlschlacht, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Schröder
- Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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“I remember the attack”: a pilot study investigating flashbulb memory in individuals with schizophrenia. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractFlashbulb memories are autobiographical memories for important and emotional events, which have the particularity of being at the intersection of personal and public events. Autobiographical memory impairments are highly prevalent in schizophrenia, a psychiatric condition intrinsically linked to self-disorders. Thus, we aimed to evaluate flashbulb and event memory functioning in individuals with schizophrenia. Twenty-four individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and 25 control participants were tested on a flashbulb memory questionnaire about the July 14th, 2016, Nice (France) terrorist attack, including questions on flashbulb and event memory, certainty, vividness, rehearsal, emotion, novelty, consequentiality, implication, and importance. Participants also underwent cognitive assessments. Analysis showed lower scores for both flashbulb and event memories in patients compared to control participants. Subjective ratings of the phenomenological characteristics of flashbulb memory were similar between the two groups overall. However, individuals with schizophrenia reported having higher levels of emotion when they first learned about the attack compared to the control group. Our results replicate findings of impaired autobiographical memory functioning in schizophrenia and extend these findings to public events. Our findings also indicate that flashbulb memories may lead to substantial contextual recall in schizophrenia patients and that collective memories, such as a terrorist attack, can have a profound emotional impact on patients.
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Hallford DJ, Rusanov D, Yeow JJE, Austin DW, D’Argembeau A, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Raes F. Reducing Anhedonia in Major Depressive Disorder with Future Event Specificity Training (FEST): A Randomized Controlled Trial. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-022-10330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Improving future thinking, such as characteristics of specificity, detail, and use of mental imagery, may be one means to reduce anhedonia, particularly in a Major Depressive Episode (MDE) in which future thinking is impaired. The current study aimed to test this using a validated program, Future Event Specificity Training (FEST).
Methods
Participants (N = 177; 80.8% women; M age = 43.7, SD = 11.8) with a current depressive episode with anhedonia and high symptom severity were randomized to FEST or no FEST. Future thinking, anhedonia-related variables, and other clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline, one- and three-month follow-up.
Results
Relative to the control group, FEST was associated with significantly improved future thinking characteristics, a reduced likelihood of anhedonia (35.1% vs. 61.1%, p = .015), improvements on other anhedonia-related variables such as anticipatory (d = 0.63, p = .004) and anticipated pleasure for future events (d = 0.77, p < .001), and desirable clinical outcomes such as less people meeting criteria for an MDE (37.8% vs. 64.8%, p = .011), higher behavioural activation (d = 0.71, p = .001) and improved global functioning (d = 0.52, p = .017). Changes in future thinking were found to mediate the effect of FEST on anhedonia.
Conclusion
The quality of future thinking can be enhanced in Major Depression, and this leads to a substantially reduced likelihood of anhedonia, other significant clinical effects, and functional gains.
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Lajoie MP, Gilbert E, Rouleau N. Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on source memory processes in the early course of psychosis: A systematic review. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:219-233. [PMID: 32141226 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED People with a psychotic disorder suffer from major cognitive impairments which prevent their functional recovery. Source memory impairments have been shown to be associated with psychotic symptoms and even to precede their onset. Source memory has thus been hypothesized as a cognitive precursor of psychosis. However, few interventions targeting source memory are included in current therapeutic approaches for early psychosis. AIM This systematic review aimed to identify non-pharmacological interventions for early psychosis which have impacted source memory processes. METHODS Studies were selected from nine databases when they included: (a) a non-pharmacological intervention involving a sample of patients with early-onset psychotic disorder or subclinical psychotic symptoms; and (b) effects on source memory processes, measured directly or inferred through an episodic memory task. RESULTS Thirteen studies were identified, including two cognitive remediation programs and one repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment that reported beneficial effects on source memory. CONCLUSIONS Relevant intervention strategies for source memory impairments were identified. This review points up a need to further develop interventions targeting theoretically defined source memory concepts and assess their effects with specific and valid tasks. Recommendations regarding underlying mechanisms which could have a beneficial impact on source memory may provide guidance for the future development of early psychosis interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Lajoie
- MANDALAB (Mindfulness AND Attention LAB), CERVO Brain Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elsa Gilbert
- Health Sciences Department, University of Quebec in Rimouski, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancie Rouleau
- MANDALAB (Mindfulness AND Attention LAB), CERVO Brain Research Center, Quebec, Canada.,School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Kwok SC, Xu X, Duan W, Wang X, Tang Y, Allé MC, Berna F. Autobiographical and episodic memory deficits in schizophrenia: A narrative review and proposed agenda for research. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 83:101956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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da Silva RDA, Tancini MB, Lage R, Nascimento RL, Santana CMT, Landeira-Fernandez J, Nardi AE, Cheniaux E, Mograbi DC. Autobiographical Memory and Episodic Specificity Across Different Affective States in Bipolar Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:641221. [PMID: 34025473 PMCID: PMC8138163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.641221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autobiographical memory is essential to ground a sense of self-identity, contributing to social functioning and the development of future plans, and being an essential source for the psychiatric interview. Previous studies have suggested loss of autobiographical episodic specificity in unipolar depression, but relatively fewer investigations have been conducted in bipolar disorder (BD) patients, particularly across different mood states. Similarly, there is a scarcity of systematic investigations about mood-congruent and mood-dependent memory in relation to autobiographical memory in BD. Considering this, a total of 74 patients with BD (24 in euthymia, 26 in mania, and 24 in depression) responded with autobiographical memories to cue words belonging to four categories: mania, depression, BD, and neutral. Episodic specificity was scored according to the Autobiographical Interview, with high intra- and inter-rater reliability. Results indicated that patients in mania generally re-experience more episodic details than those in depression. Depressed bipolar patients reported fewer details of perception and less time integration of memories than those in euthymia or mania. Words linked to depression and BD induced greater episodic re-experiencing than neutral words, just as words about BD provided greater episodic re-experiencing and more details of emotion/thoughts than words about mania. Words linked to depression provoked more time details about the recalled episodes than words on BD or neutral themes. No mood-congruent or mood-dependent effects were observed. Current findings may improve the ability of clinicians to conduct psychiatric interviews and the diagnosis of BD, with special attention to how memory details are generated across different mood states of the condition. Additionally, interventions to foster autobiographical recollection in BD may be developed, similar to what has already been done in the context of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Assis da Silva
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,School of Medicine and Surgery, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Unirio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Baggi Tancini
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Lage
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L Nascimento
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristina M T Santana
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Landeira-Fernandez
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elie Cheniaux
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Mograbi
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Conneely M, McNamee P, Gupta V, Richardson J, Priebe S, Jones JM, Giacco D. Understanding Identity Changes in Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis. Schizophr Bull 2020; 47:309-322. [PMID: 32989443 PMCID: PMC7965068 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Experiencing psychosis can be associated with changes in how people see themselves as individuals and in relation to others (ie, changes in their identity). However, identity changes receive little attention in treatment, possibly due to a lack of clarity or consensus around what identity change means in people with psychosis. We aimed to create a conceptual framework synthesizing how identity changes are understood in the psychosis literature. METHODS Electronic databases were searched up to April 2020. Studies about identity changes among people with psychotic disorders were analyzed using narrative synthesis by a collaborative review team, including researchers from different disciplines, clinicians, and people who have experienced psychosis. RESULTS Of 10 389 studies screened, 59 were eligible. Identity changes are understood in 5 ways as (1) characteristics of psychosis, (2) consequences of altered cognitive functioning, (3) consequences of internalized stigma, (4) consequences of lost roles and relationships, and (5) reflections of personal growth. These 5 understandings are not mutually exclusive. Across a heterogeneous literature, identity changes were mostly framed in terms of loss. CONCLUSIONS Our conceptual framework, comprising 5 understandings, highlights the complexity of studying identity changes and suggests important implications for practice and research. For clinicians, this framework can inform new therapeutic approaches where the experience and impact of identity changes are acknowledged and addressed as part of treatment. For researchers, the conceptual framework offers a way of locating their understandings of identity changes when undertaking research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maev Conneely
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaboration Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London E13 8SP, UK; tel: +44 020 7540 4380 (ext.: 2308), fax: +44 020 7540 4380, e-mail:
| | - Philip McNamee
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaboration Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Veenu Gupta
- Department of Primary Care and Mental health, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John Richardson
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaboration Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaboration Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Janelle M Jones
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaboration Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK,Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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13
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Dassing R, Allé MC, Cerbai M, Obrecht A, Meyer N, Vidailhet P, Danion JM, Mengin AC, Berna F. Cognitive Intervention Targeting Autobiographical Memory Impairment in Patients With Schizophrenia Using a Wearable Camera: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:397. [PMID: 32528320 PMCID: PMC7247825 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autobiographical memory (AM) impairment in schizophrenia affects the richness of detail in personal memories and is one of the major predictors of patients' social functioning. Despite the empirical evidence attributing these difficulties to a defective encoding process, cognitive remediation interventions targeting AM in schizophrenia often focus on the remote past, making it difficult to address the consequences of poor encoding. Our study evaluated the efficacy of an innovative approach using a wearable camera (NarrativeClip®) in reinforcing the encoding of recent daily life events in patients with schizophrenia. Seventeen patients with schizophrenia and 15 control participants wore the camera during four consecutive days. Then, memories of events experienced during these days were reinforced using different types of retrospective, i.e. interventions designed to promote a re-encoding of the event. We evaluated two types of retrospective using the camera pictures: a simple visual retrospective and a visual retrospective associated with a specific event-cueing (VisR+EC). These two techniques were compared to a verbal retrospective and to the absence of retrospective. Our results showed that the VisR+EC allowed patients to retrieve as many details as the control group at a two-week interval. However, patients' memories remained impaired when a simple visual or a verbal retrospective was used. Our study provides encouraging results to foster the use of a wearable camera in individualized cognitive remediation programs for AM impairment in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Dassing
- INSERM U1114 Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mélissa C. Allé
- INSERM U1114 Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Strasbourg, France
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Cerbai
- INSERM U1114 Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Obrecht
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Meyer
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Département de Santé Publique, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Biostatistique et Informatique Médicale, iCUBE UMR 7357, Illkirch, France
| | - Pierre Vidailhet
- INSERM U1114 Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Danion
- INSERM U1114 Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amaury C. Mengin
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Berna
- INSERM U1114 Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Strasbourg, France
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Chen GF, Luo HY, Wu G, Zhou C, Wang K, Feng K, Xiao ZW, Huang JJ, Gan JC, Zhao P, Liu PZ, Wang Y. Improving Mental Time Travel in Schizophrenia: Do Remembering the Past and Imagining the Future Make a Difference? COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-020-10083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Riedl L, Nagels A, Sammer G, Straube B. A Multimodal Speech-Gesture Training Intervention for Patients With Schizophrenia and Its Neural Underpinnings - the Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:110. [PMID: 32210849 PMCID: PMC7068208 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dysfunctional social communication is one of the most stable characteristics in patients with schizophrenia that also affects quality of life. Interpreting abstract speech and integrating nonverbal modalities is particularly affected. Considering the impact of communication on social life but failure to treat communication dysfunctions with usual treatment, we will investigate the possibility to improve verbal and non-verbal communication in schizophrenia by applying a multimodal speech-gesture training (MSG training). Here we describe the newly developed MSG training program and the study design for the first clinical investigation. The intervention contains perceptive rating (match/mismatch of sentence and gesture) and memory tasks (n-back tasks), imitation and productive tasks (e.g., SG fluency-similar to verbal fluency where words are accompanied by gesture). In addition, we offer information about gesture as meta-learning element as well as homework for reasons of transfer to everyday life as part of every session. In the MSG training intervention, we offer eight sessions (60 min each) of training. The first pilot study is currently conducted as a single-center, randomized controlled trial of speech-gesture intervention versus wait-list control with a follow-up. Outcomes are measured through pre-post-fMRI and standardized psychological questionnaires comparing two subject groups (30 patients with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls). Patients and healthy controls are randomized in two intervention groups (with 20 being in the wait-training group and 10 in the training-follow-up group). With our study design we will be able to demonstrate the beneficial effect of the MSG training intervention on behavioral and neural levels. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS.de, identifier DRKS00015118.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Riedl
- Translational Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Arne Nagels
- Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gebhard Sammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Translational Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Martens K, Takano K, Barry TJ, Holmes EA, Wyckaert S, Raes F. Remediating reduced memory specificity in bipolar disorder: A case study using a Computerized Memory Specificity Training. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01468. [PMID: 31747124 PMCID: PMC6908894 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reduced autobiographical memory specificity (rAMS) is a vulnerability factor found across unipolar depression (UD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), eating disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder (BD). A group delivered psychological therapy training called Memory Specificity Training (MeST) remediates rAMS in UD and PTSD, with additional downstream effects on related psychological processes and symptoms. Its impact in BD is unknown. In this case study, we examined the impact of a computerized version of MeST (c-MeST) on improving AMS and related symptoms and processes in participant with rapid cycling type I BD. METHOD An experimental case study with an ABA design was used. During baseline (14 days, Phase A), the training phase (nine sessions across 17 days, Phase B), and a 1-month follow-up (Phase A), memory specificity, depressive symptoms, and related processes and symptoms were repeatedly measured. RESULTS Memory specificity increased significantly after the participant completed c-MeST. Session-to-session scores indicated that AMS improved most from the in-person baseline assessment to the first online session. All other measures of processes and symptoms deteriorated during the training phase but regressed to baseline during follow-up. CONCLUSION Memory specificity was improved as indicated by increased AMS from pre-intervention measurement to 1-month follow-up. Other improvements in symptoms were not observed. Rather, some related maladaptive psychological processes and symptoms worsened during the training phase and regressed to baseline during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Martens
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational SciencesKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Tom J. Barry
- Department of PsychologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- Department of PsychologyThe Institute of PsychiatryKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Sabine Wyckaert
- University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Campus KortenbergKortenbergBelgium
| | - Filip Raes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational SciencesKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Identifying the Most Effective Strategies for Improving Autobiographical Memory Specificity and Its Implications for Mental Health Problems: A Meta-analysis. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-019-10061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Zhang Y, Kuhn SK, Jobson L, Haque S. A review of autobiographical memory studies on patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:361. [PMID: 31727046 PMCID: PMC6857214 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders demonstrate various cognitive deficiencies, the most pertinent one being impairment in autobiographical memory. This paper reviews quantitative research investigating deficits in the content, and characteristics, of autobiographical memories in individuals with schizophrenia. It also examines if the method used to activate autobiographical memories influenced the results and which theoretical accounts were proposed to explain the defective recall of autobiographical memories in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched for articles published between January 1998 and December 2018. Fifty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies implemented the generative retrieval strategy by inducing memories through cue words or pictures, the life-stage method, or open-ended retrieval method. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement guidelines were followed for this review. RESULTS Most studies reported that patients with schizophrenia retrieve less specific autobiographical memories when compared to a healthy control group, while only three studies indicated that both groups performed similarly on memory specificity. Patients with schizophrenia also exhibited earlier reminiscence bumps than those for healthy controls. The relationship between comorbid depression and autobiographical memory specificity appeared to be independent because patients' memory specificity improved through intervention, but their level of depression remained unchanged. The U-shaped retrieval pattern for memory specificity was not consistent. Both the connection between the history of attempted suicide and autobiographical memory specificity, and the relationship between psychotic symptoms and autobiographical memory specificity, remain inconclusive. Patients' memory specificity and coherence improved through cognitive training. CONCLUSIONS The overgeneral recall of autobiographical memory by patients with schizophrenia could be attributed to working memory, the disturbing concept of self, and the cuing method implemented. The earlier reminiscence bump for patients with schizophrenia may be explained by the premature closure of the identity formation process due to the emergence of psychotic symptoms during early adulthood. Protocol developed for this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration no: CRD42017062643).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Sara K. Kuhn
- Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota USA
| | - Laura Jobson
- Turner Institute of Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Shamsul Haque
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
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Barry TJ, Hallford DJ, Del Rey F, Ricarte JJ. Differential associations between impaired autobiographical memory recall and future thinking in people with and without schizophrenia. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 59:154-168. [PMID: 31584204 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom J. Barry
- Department of Psychology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London UK
| | | | - Francisco Del Rey
- Regional Ministry for Social Welfare of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Medicine University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
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Barry TJ, Hernández-Viadel JV, Fernández D, Ros L, Ricarte JJ, Berna F. Retrieval of negative autobiographical memories is associated with hostile attributions in ambiguous situations amongst people with schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12564. [PMID: 31467374 PMCID: PMC6715746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterised by difficulty understanding the thoughts and intentions of other people. Misunderstandings could lead people to attribute hostility to others' actions. Theories suggest that we use our autobiographical memories to inform our understanding of other people but no study has examined the relation between memory and hostile attributions in schizophrenia. People with (n = 42) and without (n = 34) schizophrenia diagnoses completed The Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ) to assess their tendency to attribute hostility to other people's actions and the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) to assess their ability to recall specific positive and negative autobiographical memories. In linear regressions the interaction between diagnostic group and the proportion of specific negative memories participants retrieved explained significant variance in each AIHQ index. Follow-up correlation analyses showed that participants with schizophrenia who retrieved more negative memories also attributed greater hostility to other people's actions (r = 0.47) and reported that they would respond with greater aggression (r = 0.59). These correlations were in the opposite direction for controls. People with schizophrenia may use their memories for negative past events to understand the actions and intentions of other people, leading to attributions of hostility for otherwise benign actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Barry
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dolores Fernández
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
| | - Fabrice Berna
- Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hopital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- INSERM U-1114, 1 Place de l'Hopital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 4 rue Kirchleger, Strasbourg, France
- FMTS, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Purkart R, Versace R, Vallet GT. "Does It Improve the Mind's Eye?": Sensorimotor Simulation in Episodic Event Construction. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1403. [PMID: 31244746 PMCID: PMC6581725 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Memories are not frozen in the past. Instead, they can be dynamically combined to allow individuals to adapt to the present or even imagine the future. This recombination, called event construction, also means that it might be possible to improve memory through specific interventions such as episodic specificity induction (ESI). ESI provides brief training in recollecting the details of a past event that boosts the retrieval of specific details in subsequent tasks if these tasks involve the recombination of memories. However, very little is known about how event construction is accomplished, and this is essential if we are (1) to understand how episodic memory might work and (2) to promote a specific mechanism that will help people remember the past better. The present study assesses the sensorimotor simulation hypothesis, which has been proposed within the embodied approaches to cognition. According to these approaches, access to and the recombination of memories occur through the simulation of the sensory and motor propreties of our past experiences. This hypothesis was tested using a sensory interference paradigm. In a first phase, the participants watched videos and then received a specificity or a control induction. In a second phase, they described their memories of the videos while simultaneously viewing an interfering stimulus (dynamic visual noise; DVN) or a gray control screen. In line with a sensorimotor simulation account, the presentation of a DVN during the description of the videos led to a decrease in the number of internal details (details specific to the event) only after the specificity induction rather than the control induction. The findings provide evidence that the specificity induction targets and facilitates the sensorimotor simulation mechanism, thus confirming the crucial involvement of a mechanism of this sort in the constructive functioning of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudy Purkart
- EA 3082, Laboratoire d’Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Rémy Versace
- EA 3082, Laboratoire d’Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume T. Vallet
- CNRS UMR 6024, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Barry TJ, Sze WY, Raes F. A meta-analysis and systematic review of Memory Specificity Training (MeST) in the treatment of emotional disorders. Behav Res Ther 2019; 116:36-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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23
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Purkart R, T. Vallet G, Versace R. Améliorer la remémoration d’évènements autobiographiques et l’imagination d’évènements futurs grâce à l’Induction de spécificité épisodique : adaptation et validation en Français. ANNEE PSYCHOLOGIQUE 2019. [DOI: 10.3917/anpsy1.191.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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24
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Alexiadou A, Bozikas VP, Kosmidis MH, Parlapani E, Kiosseoglou G, Fokas K. The effect of impaired verbal memory retrieval on autobiographical memory across different life periods in schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 80:81-88. [PMID: 29069623 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autobiographical memory (AM) involves recollection of personal events and facts about one's life. Αim of the present study was to investigate AM in schizophrenia patients, and, in particular, patients' ability to recall autobiographical memories after controlling for verbal memory and verbal fluency deficits. METHOD Participants included 40 schizophrenia patients (23 male) and 40 healthy controls (23 male), matched for age, gender, educational level, and premorbid intellectual functioning. Participants' verbal memory (list learning and story recall) and verbal fluency were assessed. AM was evaluated by the Questionnaire of Autobiographical Memory, consisting of the Personal Semantic Memory scale and the Autobiographical Incidents scale. Furthermore, personal incidents' specificity was examined. RESULTS Schizophrenia patients showed deficits in verbal memory and verbal fluency, as well as in both semantic and episodic AM compared with healthy controls. Deficits were shown in episodic and semantic memories of events and facts dating to three different life periods (childhood, early adulthood and recent life). Regarding specificity of recalled events, patients reported fewer specific autobiographical incidents than controls. After controlling AM deficits for patients' verbal memory and verbal fluency impairment, it was shown that schizophrenia patients recalled fewer memories of autobiographical incidents dating only to recent life, compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia patients showed impaired AM after controlling for verbal memory and verbal fluency impairment only in regard with personal episodic memories from recent life. Current findings raise the important issue of cognitive remediation therapy in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Alexiadou
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilis P Bozikas
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Parlapani
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris Kiosseoglou
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Fokas
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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25
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Chen GF, Liu LL, Cui JF, Chen T, Qin XJ, Gan JC, Bi B, Neumann DL, Shum DHK, Wang Y, Chan RCK. Life review therapy enhances mental time travel in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:145-152. [PMID: 29024892 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mental Time Travel (MTT) is the ability of individuals to project themselves to the past or to the future. Studies have shown that schizophrenia (SZ) patients are impaired in MTT. The present study aimed to examine whether MTT in patients with SZ can be improved through Life Review Therapy. Fifty patients with SZ were randomly assigned to the training (SZ-training) or control (SZ-control) group. Whereas the SZ-training group received four-week Life Review Therapy in addition to conventional treatment, the SZ-control group only received conventional treatment. MTT, emotional status, life satisfaction and cognitive functions were assessed before and after the training. We also recruited 25 matched healthy controls to complete all the assessments at baseline. After training, the SZ-training group showed higher specificity and more field perspective than the SZ-control group. No significant difference was found between the SZ-training group post-training assessment and the healthy controls. The SZ-training group also showed significant improvements in emotional expression, semantic memory and verbal fluency, but the SZ-control group did not show such improvements. These results indicated that Life Review Therapy is effective in improving MTT of SZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Chen
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; The Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Lu-Lu Liu
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Fang Cui
- Information Center, National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Qin
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie-Chun Gan
- The Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Bi
- The Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - David L Neumann
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - David H K Shum
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Déficits de la conscience autonoétique et de la mémoire autobiographique : résultats d’une intervention cognitive dans la schizophrénie. PRAT PSYCHOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Woud ML, Verwoerd J, Krans J. Modification of cognitive biases related to posttraumatic stress: A systematic review and research agenda. Clin Psychol Rev 2017; 54:81-95. [PMID: 28445840 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive models of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) postulate that cognitive biases in attention, interpretation, and memory represent key factors involved in the onset and maintenance of PTSD. Developments in experimental research demonstrate that it may be possible to manipulate such biases by means of Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM). In the present paper, we summarize studies assessing cognitive biases in posttraumatic stress to serve as a theoretical and methodological background. However, our main aim was to provide an overview of the scientific literature on CBM in (analogue) posttraumatic stress. Results of our systematic literature review showed that most CBM studies targeted attentional and interpretation biases (attention: five studies; interpretation: three studies), and one study modified memory biases. Overall, results showed that CBM can indeed modify cognitive biases and affect (analog) trauma symptoms in a training congruent manner. Interpretation bias procedures seemed effective in analog samples, and memory bias training proved preliminary success in a clinical PTSD sample. Studies of attention bias modification provided more mixed results. This heterogeneous picture may be explained by differences in the type of population or variations in the CBM procedure. Therefore, we sketched a detailed research agenda targeting the challenges for CBM in posttraumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella L Woud
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstrasse 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Johan Verwoerd
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2-1, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Julie Krans
- Behavior, Health and Psychopathology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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28
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Les troubles de la mémoire autobiographique et du self dans la schizophrénie. Encephale 2017; 43:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Allé MC, Manning L, Potheegadoo J, Coutelle R, Danion JM, Berna F. Wearable Cameras Are Useful Tools to Investigate and Remediate Autobiographical Memory Impairment: A Systematic PRISMA Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2017; 27:81-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s11065-016-9337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Ricarte JJ, Ros L, Latorre JM, Watkins E. Mapping autobiographical memory in schizophrenia: Clinical implications. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 51:96-108. [PMID: 27846438 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that impaired autobiographical memory (AM) mechanisms may be associated with the onset and maintenance of psychopathology. However, there is not yet a comprehensive review of the components of autobiographical memory in schizophrenic patients. The first aim of this review is a synthesis of evidence about the functioning of AM in schizophrenic patients. The main autobiographical elements reviewed in schizophrenic patients include the study of overgeneral memory (form); self-defining memories (contents); consciousness during the process of retrieval (awareness), and the abnormal early reminiscence bump (distribution). AM impairments have been involved in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of other psychopathologies, especially depression. The second aim is to examine potential parallels between the mechanisms responsible for the onset and maintenance of disturbed AM in other clinical diagnosis and the mechanisms of disturbed autobiographical memory functioning in schizophrenic patients. Cognitive therapies for schizophrenic patients are increasingly demanded. The third aim is the suggestion of key elements for the adaptation of components of autobiographical recall in cognitive therapies for the treatment of symptoms and consequences of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete 02006, Spain
| | - L Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete 02006, Spain.
| | - J M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete 02006, Spain
| | - E Watkins
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter and Sir Henry Welcome Building for Mood Disorders Research, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK
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Life story chapters and narrative self-continuity in patients with schizophrenia. Conscious Cogn 2016; 45:60-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Allé MC, d'Argembeau A, Schneider P, Potheegadoo J, Coutelle R, Danion JM, Berna F. Self-continuity across time in schizophrenia: An exploration of phenomenological and narrative continuity in the past and future. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 69:53-61. [PMID: 27423345 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disorders of the self, such as a reduced sense of personal continuity in time, are a core symptom of schizophrenia, but one that is still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated two complementary aspects of self-continuity, namely phenomenological and narrative continuity, in 27 patients with schizophrenia, and compared them with 27 control participants. METHODS Participants were asked to identify important past events and to narrate a story from their life that included these events. They were also asked to imagine important events that might happen in their personal future and to build a narrative of their future life. The vividness of these important life events and the proportion of self-event connections in the narratives were used as a measure of phenomenological and narrative continuity, respectively. RESULTS Our study showed patients with schizophrenia experienced less vivid representations of personally significant events (p = .02) for both temporal directions (past and future) (p < .001). In addition, their ability to make explicit connections between personal events and self-attributes in life narratives was also impaired (p = .03), but only in the case of past narratives (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS These results shed new light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying self-disorders in schizophrenia. The clinical and therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Allé
- INSERM U-1114, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A d'Argembeau
- Department of Psychology - Cognition and Behavior, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - P Schneider
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - J Potheegadoo
- INSERM U-1114, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - R Coutelle
- INSERM U-1114, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - J-M Danion
- INSERM U-1114, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - F Berna
- INSERM U-1114, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Speech and language therapies to improve pragmatics and discourse skills in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2016; 240:88-95. [PMID: 27092861 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia display speech and language impairments that greatly impact their integration to the society. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the importance of speech and language therapy (SLT) as part of rehabilitation curriculums for patients with schizophrenia emphasizing on the speech and language abilities assessed, the therapy setting and the therapeutic approach. This article reviewed 18 studies testing the effects of language therapy or training in 433 adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. Results showed that 14 studies out of 18 lead to improvements in language and/or speech abilities. Most of these studies comprised pragmatic or expressive discursive skills being the only aim of the therapy or part of it. The therapy settings vary widely ranging from twice daily individual therapy to once weekly group therapy. The therapeutic approach was mainly operant conditioning. Although the evidence tends to show that certain areas of language are treatable through therapy, it remains difficult to state the type of approach that should be favoured and implemented to treat language impairments in schizophrenia.
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Berna F, Potheegadoo J, Aouadi I, Ricarte JJ, Allé MC, Coutelle R, Boyer L, Cuervo-Lombard CV, Danion JM. A Meta-Analysis of Autobiographical Memory Studies in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder. Schizophr Bull 2016. [PMID: 26209548 PMCID: PMC4681554 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Meta-analyses and reviews on cognitive disorders in schizophrenia have shown that the most robust and common cognitive deficits are found in episodic memory and executive functions. More complex memory domains, such as autobiographical memory (AM), are also impaired in schizophrenia, but such impairments are reported less often despite their negative impact on patients' outcome. In contrast to episodic memory, assessed in laboratory tasks, memories of past personal events are much more complex and directly relate to the self. The meta-analysis included 20 studies, 571 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, and 503 comparison subjects. It found moderate-to-large effect sizes with regard to the 3 parameters commonly used to assess AM: memory specificity (g = -0.97), richness of detail (g = -1.40), and conscious recollection (g = -0.62). These effect sizes were in the same range as those found in other memory domains in schizophrenia; for this reason, we propose that defective memories of personal past events should be regarded as a major cognitive impairment in this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jevita Potheegadoo
- INSERM U-1114, Strasbourg, France;,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale, Strasbourg, France;,FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ismail Aouadi
- UFR Mathématique et Informatique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jorge Javier Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain;,School of Medicine, Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, Albacete, Spain
| | - Mélissa C. Allé
- INSERM U-1114, Strasbourg, France;,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;,FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Romain Coutelle
- INSERM U-1114, Strasbourg, France;,Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Centre de Ressources Autisme de Lorraine, Laxou, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- CHU Sainte-Marguerite, Pôle Psychiatrie Universitaire, Marseille, France;,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Christine Vanessa Cuervo-Lombard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Département de Psychiatrie, Reims, France;,UFR de Psychologie, Université de Toulouse 2 Le Mirail, Toulouse, France
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MacDougall AG, McKinnon MC, Herdman KA, King MJ, Kiang M. The relationship between insight and autobiographical memory for emotional events in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2015; 226:392-5. [PMID: 25623015 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The relation of episodic and semantic memory for emotional- (positive, negative) and neutral-valenced autobiographical events to illness insight was examined in individuals with schizophrenia. Reduced recall of episodic details for negative events was significantly associated with impaired awareness of having a past mental disorder and its social consequences. Deficits in episodic memory for negative autobiographical events may underlie impaired insight in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene G MacDougall
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre-Victoria Hospital, 800 Commissioner's Road East, London, ON, Canada N6A 5W9; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, St. Joseph׳s Healthcare Hamilton, West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3K7.
| | - Margaret C McKinnon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, St. Joseph׳s Healthcare Hamilton, West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3K7; Homewood Research Institute, Homewood Health Centre, 150 Delhi Street, Guelph, ON, Canada N1E 6K9.
| | - Katherine A Herdman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, St. Joseph׳s Healthcare Hamilton, West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3K7.
| | - Matthew J King
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, St. Joseph׳s Healthcare Hamilton, West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3K7.
| | - Michael Kiang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, St. Joseph׳s Healthcare Hamilton, West 5th Campus, 100 West 5th, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3K7; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1R8.
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Paquin K, Wilson AL, Cellard C, Lecomte T, Potvin S. A systematic review on improving cognition in schizophrenia: which is the more commonly used type of training, practice or strategy learning? BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:139. [PMID: 24885300 PMCID: PMC4055167 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-14-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this article was to conduct a review of the types of training offered to people with schizophrenia in order to help them develop strategies to cope with or compensate for neurocognitive or sociocognitive deficits. METHODS We conducted a search of the literature using keywords such as "schizophrenia", "training", and "cognition" with the most popular databases of peer-reviewed journals. RESULTS We reviewed 99 controlled studies in total (though nine did not have a control condition). We found that drill and practice training is used more often to retrain neurocognitive deficits while drill and strategy training is used more frequently in the context of sociocognitive remediation. CONCLUSIONS Hypotheses are suggested to better understand those results and future research is recommended to compare drill and strategy with drill and practice training for both social and neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Paquin
- Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
| | | | | | - Tania Lecomte
- Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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37
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Effects of Specific Positive Events Training on Autobiographical Memories in People with Schizophrenia. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-014-9610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hernández JV, Ricarte JJ, Ros L, Latorre JM. Memoria de trabajo y cambio en la atribución de hostilidad en situaciones sociales accidentales en pacientes con esquizofrenia paranoide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1174/021347413807719120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Potheegadoo J, Cordier A, Berna F, Danion JM. Effectiveness of a specific cueing method for improving autobiographical memory recall in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2014; 152:229-34. [PMID: 24268933 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Autobiographical memory deficits in schizophrenia have a significant impact on patients' daily life. Our study was aimed at testing the effectiveness of a specific cueing (SC) method for improving autobiographical memory recall in patients with schizophrenia, particularly the phenomenological details of their memories. Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia and 25 comparison participants took part in the study. They recalled 6 specific autobiographical events which occurred during 3 different life periods. After each memory recall, participants were given a general cue which allowed them to add further information to their narration. The SC was then applied by means of a series of specific questions to elicit more precise memory detail. The overall memory specificity as well as the number and richness of 5 categories of memory detail (perceptual/sensory, temporal, contextual, emotional, and cognitive) were assessed before and after the SC phase. Before SC, patients' memories were less specific and less detailed. SC had a beneficial effect on patients' memory recall. The overall memory specificity of patients improved. The gain in the number and richness of memory details was comparable between patients and comparison participants. The difference between groups in terms of the number of memory details was not significant. Richness of details was still lower in patients, except for emotional and cognitive details, which were similarly rich in both groups. The cueing method reduces the autobiographical memory impairment of patients with schizophrenia and paves the way for developing specific cognitive remediation therapies to help patients in their daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevita Potheegadoo
- Unité INSERM 1114, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Département de Psychiatrie, 1 place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 4 rue Kirchleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Adrian Cordier
- Unité INSERM 1114, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Département de Psychiatrie, 1 place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 4 rue Kirchleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Berna
- Unité INSERM 1114, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Département de Psychiatrie, 1 place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 4 rue Kirchleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Danion
- Unité INSERM 1114, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Département de Psychiatrie, 1 place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 4 rue Kirchleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Besche-Richard C, Terrien S, Lesgourgues M, Béchiri-Payet C, Gierski F, Limosin F. Remediation of context-processing deficits in schizophrenia: preliminary data with ambiguous sentences. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014; 10:2307-12. [PMID: 25516712 PMCID: PMC4259555 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s71922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processing of contextual information is essential for the establishment of good interpersonal relations and communicational interactions. Nevertheless, it is known that schizophrenic patients present impairments in the processing of contextual information. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of the remediation of context processing in schizophrenic patients. METHODS Thirty-one schizophrenic patients and 28 matched healthy participants were included in this study. All participants were assessed on verbal knowledge (Mill-Hill test) and depression intensity (Beck Depression Scale 21 items). Schizophrenic patients were also assessed on thought, language, and communication disorders (Thought, Language and Communication scale). All participants completed a disambiguation task with two different levels of contextualization (high or low context) and a context-processing remediation task containing social scenarios that included ambiguous words and were presented with two different types of instruction: with or without context explanation. RESULTS For the disambiguation task, results showed no effect of group, but a main effect of context, with better performances in the high-context than the low-context condition. For the context-processing remediation task, results showed a main effect of group: The performance of schizophrenic patients who had received explanations differed from that both of healthy participants and of schizophrenic patients who had not received explanations. CONCLUSION This study revealed that for all participants, the structuring of context had a positive effect on the contextual integration of ambiguous words. Concerning the remediation task, explanations about the strategies that could be used to take context into account improved the schizophrenic patients' performances. This allows us to consider new methods of remediation that could improve social interaction in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystel Besche-Richard
- Laboratory Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France ; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Terrien
- Laboratory Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - Marion Lesgourgues
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Adultes, Reims, France ; Service Universitaire de Médecine Préventive et de Promotion de la Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Célia Béchiri-Payet
- Etablissement Public de Santé mentale départemental de l'Aisne, Prémontré, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Laboratory Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Adultes, Reims, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Adult and Geriatric Psychiatry, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris, Ouest (Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Corentin-Celton, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France ; Faculty of Medicine, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ; Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U894, Paris, France
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Boulanger M, Dethier M, Gendre F, Blairy S. Identity in schizophrenia: a study of trait self-knowledge. Psychiatry Res 2013; 209:367-74. [PMID: 23692775 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Identity results from interlock of two systems which are a set of abstracted representations about oneself and a phenomenological self. Literature highlights identity disturbance in schizophrenia that affects each of both systems. In the same vein, the present study investigates the stability and the quality of traits self-knowledge, a component of abstracted representations of self, in schizophrenia patients. Sixty-eight patients with schizophrenia and 68 healthy control subjects completed a short version of a personality scale (LABEL). This scale is composed of two versions (A and B), each comprising 50 adjectives that correspond to synonymous adjectives in the alternate list. Participants indicated how these adjectives described themselves and completed both versions of the scale on two separate occasions, one month apart. The findings showed that schizophrenic patients presented an unstable identity and change in identity quality compared with healthy subjects. However, this identity disturbance was weaker than expected. These results are discussed in a part of autobiographical memory disturbances in schizophrenia, illness duration and the decompensation stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Boulanger
- University of Liege, Department of Psychology: Cognition and Behavior, Unit of Cognitive and Behavioural Clinical Psychology, Boulevard du Rectorat, 5, (B33) 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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Abstract
The origins of poor insight in schizophrenia are still unclear. We contrasted the changes in clinical insight, basic cognitive processes, autobiographical memory and metacognition in 63 outpatients with schizophrenia pseudo-randomly assigned to one of three cognitive remediation groups: one targeting basic cognitive processes (RECOS), a second autobiographical memory (REMAu), and a third metacognitive deficits (MBCT). Three dimensions of insight (awareness of: mental illness, benefit of treatment, psychosocial consequences) improved after treatment, regardless of the group. In addition, the REMAu and MBCT showed an improvement on other dimensions of insight (symptomatic awareness and symptomatic attribution, respectively). Poor insight and its improvement after treatment were best predicted by a combination of basic cognitive, autobiographical and metacognitive measures. This study supports a multidimensional conception of insight and recommends the combination of remediation therapies to improve clinical insight in schizophrenia.
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Schönfeld S, Renneberg B. Introduction to the special issue autobiographical memory and psychopathology. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2012; 43 Suppl 1:S1-3. [PMID: 23092652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ricarte JJ, Hernández-Viadel JV, Latorre JM, Ros L. Effects of event-specific memory training on autobiographical memory retrieval and depressive symptoms in schizophrenic patients. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2012. [PMID: 23200426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This report describes the effects of a specific event group-based training programme on autobiographical memory, self-consciousness of memory retrieval, and depression symptoms in a sample of 24 schizophrenic patients (experimental group). METHODS Twenty-six matched schizophrenic patients who participated in social skills and occupational therapy group sessions constituted the active control group. Participants in the experimental group were trained to complete a diary with specific daily memories, followed by patients' ratings of the associated emotional arousal of those entries. During training, significant specific events from childhood, adolescence, adulthood and the previous year were also reviewed. RESULTS After 10 weeks of group-based sessions, the experimental group demonstrated an increase in their degree of specificity for autobiographical retrievals, had a higher level of consciousness of their memories and showed a decrease in their depression scores. Significant changes in measurements of retrieval specificity and autonoetic awareness were maintained when changes in emotional symptomatology were statistically controlled. LIMITATIONS The present study did not assess the impact of autobiographical memory training on the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that cognitive training strategies based on event-specific autobiographical memory training should be considered for inclusion in intervention programs for schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Avda Almansa 14, 02006 Albacete, Spain.
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Llewellyn S. If waking and dreaming consciousness became de-differentiated, would schizophrenia result? Conscious Cogn 2011; 20:1059-83. [PMID: 21498086 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2011.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
If both waking and dreaming consciousness are functional, their de-differentiation would be doubly detrimental. Differentiation between waking and dreaming is achieved through neuromodulation. During dreaming, without external sensory data and with mesolimbic dopaminergic input, hyper-cholinergic input almost totally suppresses the aminergic system. During waking, with sensory gates open, aminergic modulation inhibits cholinergic and mesocortical dopaminergic suppresses mesolimbic. These neuromodulatory systems are reciprocally interactive and self-organizing. As a consequence of neuromodulatory reciprocity, phenomenologically, the self and the world that appear during dreaming differ from those that emerge during waking. As a result of self-organizing, the self and the world in both states are integrated. Some loss of self-organization would precipitate a degree of de-differentiation between waking and dreaming, resulting in a hybrid state which would be expressed heterogeneously, both neurobiologically and phenomenologically. As a consequence of progressive de-differentiation, certain identifiable psychiatric disorders may emerge. Ultimately, schizophrenia, a disorganized-fragmented self, may result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Llewellyn
- Faculty of Humanities, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester M15 6PB, UK.
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Pernot-Marino E, Schuster C, Hedelin G, Berna F, Zimmermann MA, Danion JM. True and false autobiographical memories in schizophrenia: preliminary results of a diary study. Psychiatry Res 2010; 179:1-5. [PMID: 20478623 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The frequency of true and false autobiographical memories and associated states of conscious awareness, i.e., conscious recollection and simply knowing, as well as the respective roles of affective and cognitive processes in autobiographical memory construction, were assessed in eight patients with schizophrenia and eight control participants. A diary study methodology was used in combination with the Remember/Know procedure. The results showed a higher frequency of Know responses associated with the retrieval of both true and false memories in patients than in control participants. Whereas control participants rated higher at retrieval than at encoding the distinctiveness and personal importance of events, as well as the extent to which events furthered current personal plans, patients exhibited an opposite pattern of ratings, with ratings being lower at retrieval than at encoding. These preliminary results show a high frequency of simply knowing associated with the retrieval of true and false autobiographical memories in patients with schizophrenia and provide evidence for the interest of the diary study methodology for studying autobiographical memory in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Pernot-Marino
- INSERM Unité 666 Physiopathologie et Psychopathologie Cognitive de la Schizophrénie, Clinique Psychiatrique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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Raffard S, D'Argembeau A, Lardi C, Bayard S, Boulenger JP, Van der Linden M. Narrative identity in schizophrenia. Conscious Cogn 2009; 19:328-40. [PMID: 19955004 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined narrative identity in a group of 81 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls through the recall of self-defining memories. The results indicated that patients' narratives were less coherent and elaborate than those of controls. Schizophrenia patients were severely impaired in the ability to make connections with the self and extract meaning from their memories, which significantly correlated with illness duration. In agreement with earlier research, patients exhibited an early reminiscence bump. Moreover, the period of the reminiscence bump, which is highly relevant for identity development, was characterized by fewer achievements and more life-threatening event experiences, compared with controls. A negative correlation was found between negative symptoms, number of self-event connections and specificity of narratives. Our results suggest that schizophrenia patients have difficulties to organize and extract meaning from their past experiences in order to create coherent personal narratives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Raffard
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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