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Ros L, Barry TJ, López-Honrubia R, Villanueva-Benite ME, Morcillo A, Ricarte JJ. Cross-cultural validation of the Spanish version of the mini cambridge-exeter repetitive thought scale (Mini-CERTS) in two Spanish-speaking populations. Transcult Psychiatry 2024; 61:142-150. [PMID: 38092709 DOI: 10.1177/13634615231209143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The Mini Cambridge-Exeter Repetitive Thoughts Scale (Mini-CERTS) captures constructive and unconstructive aspects of repetitive thinking, but there is a need to revise and improve it given its novelty. For this reason, we present a validation and factor analysis of the Spanish version of the Mini-CERTS. Given that it is important to take cultural issues into account in instrument adaptation, we also assess its measurement invariance across Spanish (N = 430) and Peruvian (N = 394) populations. After deleting conflictive items, a 9-items version of the Mini-CERTS showed a two-factor model distinguishing constructive and unconstructive repetitive thinking, although this solution was not invariant across groups. Results also showed that the unconstructive factor was positively associated with anxiety, depression and stress measures. Despite its acceptable internal consistency, the absence of measurement invariance across groups does not recommend its use in cross-group comparisons in these populations. Cultural issues that could explain this result are discussed. Our findings highlight the importance of performing cross-cultural adaptations of assessment instruments even with the same language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Tom J Barry
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Alberto Morcillo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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García-Rico MA, Ricarte JJ, Jimeno MV, Latorre JM. Role of psychopathology on children credibility of sexual abuse testimony. Int J Law Psychiatry 2024; 94:101972. [PMID: 38460237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2024.101972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
When an alleged victim has a pre-existing psychopathological diagnosis, this can affect the rating of their version of the abuse in terms of credibility. The objective of this work is to analyze the relationship between the assessment of the credibility of the testimony of a CSA victim, the psychological problems that the child may have presented prior to sexual abuse and the possible psychological sequelae that she may present as a result of the abuse. 109 cases were selected in which the credibility of the testimony could be determined. Through forensic interviews and the study of the corresponding professional reports, the following were obtained: sociodemographic data, data on their previous psychological state and data on their psychological state after the reported events. The psychological state of the child after the reported events shows no relation to the forensic evaluation of the credibility of her testimony. The existence of a relationship between the absence of previous psychopathology and the fact that the victim's testimony is valued as a credible account is confirmed. This study reveals that children who presented psychological manifestations prior to their experience of abuse receive a lower credibility rating than those without previous psychopathological symptoms or diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A García-Rico
- Equipo Psicosocial-Unidad Forense de Valoración Integral, Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Albacete, Cuenca y Guadalajara. Subdirección de Cuenca. Ministerio de Justicia, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Unidad de Psicología Cognitiva Aplicada, IDINE, Spain; Facultad de Educación de Albacete, Spain
| | - María V Jimeno
- Unidad de Psicología Cognitiva Aplicada, IDINE, Spain; Facultad de Derecho de Albacete, Spain.
| | - José M Latorre
- Unidad de Psicología Cognitiva Aplicada, IDINE, Spain; Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Spain
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Monferrer M, García AS, Ricarte JJ, Montes MJ, Fernández-Caballero A, Fernández-Sotos P. Facial emotion recognition in patients with depression compared to healthy controls when using human avatars. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6007. [PMID: 37045889 PMCID: PMC10097677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The negative, mood-congruent cognitive bias described in depression, as well as excessive rumination, have been found to interfere with emotional processing. This study focuses on the assessment of facial recognition of emotions in patients with depression through a new set of dynamic virtual faces (DVFs). The sample consisted of 54 stable patients compared to 54 healthy controls. The experiment consisted in an emotion recognition task using non-immersive virtual reality (VR) with DVFs of six basic emotions and neutral expression. Patients with depression showed a worst performance in facial affect recognition compared to healthy controls. Age of onset was negatively correlated with emotion recognition and no correlation was observed for duration of illness or number of lifetime hospitalizations. There was no correlation for the depression group between emotion recognition and degree of psychopathology, excessive rumination, degree of functioning, or quality of life. Hence, it is important to improve and validate VR tools for emotion recognition to achieve greater methodological homogeneity of studies and to be able to establish more conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Monferrer
- Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Servicio de Salud Mental, 02004, Albacete, Spain
| | - Arturo S García
- Departmento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Neurocognition and Emotion Unit, Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Departmento de Psicología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - María J Montes
- Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Servicio de Salud Mental, 02004, Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- Departmento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Neurocognition and Emotion Unit, Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, 02071, Albacete, Spain
- CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28016, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Sotos
- Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Servicio de Salud Mental, 02004, Albacete, Spain.
- CIBERSAM-ISCIII (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 28016, Madrid, Spain.
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Gómez-Castillo MD, Escrivá-S V, Tolosa-Pérez MT, Navarro-Bravo B, Plateau CR, Ricarte JJ, Cuesta-Zamora C. The link between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), body image and activity on social networking sites among female adolescents with an eating disorder. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 27:730-744. [PMID: 35369739 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221081191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The link between engagement in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI)-related activities on SNS (e.g. viewing, commenting, sharing and uploading NSSI content) with body image and NSSI behaviour remains under researched in adolescents with EDs. The main aim of the current research was to examine associations between NSSI-related activities on SNS with body image and NSSI behaviour severity among female adolescents diagnosed with an ED. A total of 52 female adolescents (mean age = 15.35 years, SD = 1.49) diagnosed with an ED completed self-report questionnaires related to NSSI behaviour, SNS usage and body image. Participants were divided into two groups: low NSSI behaviour severity (from 0 to 10 NSSI behaviours; n = 28) and high NSSI behaviour severity (more than ten NSSI behaviours; n = 24). Within the high NSSI severity group, individuals that comment and share NSSI online content significantly reported higher negative body image. A hierarchical binary logistic regression showed that the frequency of NSSI online content on SNS emerged as significant predictor of NSSI behaviour severity within last year after controlling for body image and searching for ED content on SNS. Our findings suggest that not only searching for ED content, but also being daily engaged in NSSI online activities may increase the risk of NSSI behaviour severity in female adolescents with EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Gómez-Castillo
- 16242Eating Disorders Unit of the Mental Health Services in the Hospital Complex of Albacete, Spain
| | - Verónica Escrivá-S
- 16242Eating Disorders Unit of the Mental Health Services in the Hospital Complex of Albacete, Spain
| | - María T Tolosa-Pérez
- 16242Eating Disorders Unit of the Mental Health Services in the Hospital Complex of Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Carolyn R Plateau
- Centre for Research into Eating Disorders and Behaviours, 5156Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Psychology Department, 73073Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain
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Lam K, Barry TJ, Hallford DJ, Jimeno MV, Solano Pinto N, Ricarte JJ. Autobiographical Memory Specificity and Detailedness and Their Association with Depression in Early Adolescence. Journal of Cognition and Development 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15248372.2022.2083138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom J. Barry
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | | | - Maria V. Jimeno
- School of Law, Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | | | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- School of Education, Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
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Ricarte JJ, Caravaca-Sánchez F, Barry TJ, Aizpurua E. Suicide behaviours in incarcerated males: Links to psychopathic traits, forms of aggression to others, personal characteristics, and current penitentiary variables. J Forensic Leg Med 2022; 89:102357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Moreno-Mansilla S, Ricarte JJ, Barry TJ. The Role of Transdiagnostic Variables Within Gender Differences in Adolescents' Self Reports of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts. Psicothema 2022; 34:209-216. [PMID: 35485533 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of suicide attempts peaks during adolescence, with adolescent girls having a higher rate of attempts than boys. Depression is one of the main risk factors of suicidal behaviour and yet not all adolescents with suicidal ideation or attempting suicide have a diagnosable depressive disorder. The present study examined the unique contributions to suicidal ideation and attempting suicide of cognitive processes known to be associated with depression and anxiety, but which are also transdiagnostic: anomalous perception of reality, intolerance of uncertainty, and rumination. METHOD 605 adolescents (M= 13.22, SD= 1.03, 47% girls) were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS Multiple linear regression showed that the anomalous perception of reality and intolerance of uncertainty were uniquely associated with the severity of suicidal ideation, even when accounting for symptoms of depression and anxiety, but only amongst girls. In a logistic regression, self-reported depression symptoms, and not underlying cognitive processes, predicted the likelihood of a person having attempted suicide versus not having done so. CONCLUSIONS In adolescent girls, less frequently evaluated transdiagnostic variables may have an important impact on suicidal ideation. However, depression symptoms, and not these transdiagnostic variables, seem to be the greatest contributor to attempting suicide.
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Nieto M, Motos B, Navarro B, Jimeno MV, Fernández‐Aguilar L, Ros L, Ricarte JJ, Latorre JM. Relation between nighttime sleep duration and executive functioning in a nonclinical sample of preschool children. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:191-198. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Beatriz Motos
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Beatriz Navarro
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - María V. Jimeno
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
- School of Law University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Luz Fernández‐Aguilar
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jose M. Latorre
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
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Company-Fernández A, Tarancón P, Cruz AR, Griffith JW, Ricarte JJ, Barry T. Indicators of Criminal Justification or Repentance in a Qualitative Analysis of Inmates Autobiographical Criminal Self-Narratives. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP1811-NP1834. [PMID: 32552319 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520933043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the narrative contents obtained from the description of autobiographical memories reported by a sample of incarcerated males that exemplified their most aggressive, transgressive, or criminal selves. Participants were 110 men serving a prison sentence for different types of crimes. Three main phenomena were identified from their stories: the narration of the criminal self, description of the crime (or crimes) committed, and the criminal responsibility attributional processes. The results showed the existence of mechanisms to justify the crime among a large section of participants, whereas the assumption of personal responsibility for the commission of the crime and the consideration of an unfair or excessive sentence were not as frequent. Also, some specific crimes concurred with concrete responsibility attributional processes, especially with the justification of criminal behavior. These findings generate useful information regarding recidivism, resocialization, and the attribution of responsibility among inmates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tom Barry
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- King's College London, UK
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Monferrer M, Ricarte JJ, Montes MJ, Fernández-Caballero A, Fernández-Sotos P. Psychosocial remediation in depressive disorders: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2021; 290:40-51. [PMID: 33991945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social functioning impairment has been described in several psychiatric illness, including depressive disorders. It is associated with a deterioration in global functioning and quality of life, thus there is a growing interest in psychosocial functioning remediation interventions. This systematic review aims to review all psychotherapeutic, pharmacological and biological social functioning interventions in depressive disorders. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus from the first articles to 2019 following the PRISMA guidelines. 72 original papers were extracted from an initial number of 1827, based on the selected eligibility criteria. RESULTS A growing body of research was observed in the last 10 years, with most studies showing a low level of scientific evidence. The main diagnosis found was major depressive disorder and the principal social cognition domains assessed were emotional processing and attributional style. The type of intervention most found was the pharmacological one, followed by psychotherapeutic interventions classified as "non-specific. The efficacy of treatments showed an improvement in depressive symptoms and positive results for emotional processing and attributional style. LIMITATIONS Because there is a lack of well-controlled designs and really few interventions focusing on its remediation, and low homogeneity on the assessment of social aspects across, a comparison of results and the extraction of general conclusions is quite difficult. CONCLUSIONS Although a promising body of literature has been developed in recent years on the improvement of psychosocial functioning in patients with depressive disorders, more studies are needed to clarify relevant aspects in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Monferrer
- Mental Health Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (CHUA), Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - María J Montes
- Mental Health Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (CHUA), Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Sotos
- Mental Health Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (CHUA), Albacete, Spain; CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Mental Health Service, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, Cuenca, Spain.
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Barry TJ, Gregory JD, Latorre JM, Ros L, Nieto M, Ricarte JJ. A multi-method comparison of autobiographical memory impairments amongst younger and older adults. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:856-863. [PMID: 32162531 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1729338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Research indicates that, compared to younger adults, older adults have difficulty recalling memories of specific past events (those lasting less than 24 h) and this difficulty is associated with depression. These studies are largely confined to a single measure of specific memory recall and there are conflicting findings when alternative measures are used. This investigation provides the first comparison of memory specificity between younger and older adults using several different measures.Method: Older (n = 105) and younger (n = 88) adults completed the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) and Sentence Completion for Events from the Past Test (SCEPT) and the number of specific memories was quantified for each measure. Participants also completed the Beck Depression Inventory Version II (BDI-II).Results: Compared to younger adults, older adults recalled fewer specific memories in the AMT and more specific memories in the AMI. This latter effect was particularly pronounced for memories related to childhood. There was no group difference in responses in the SCEPT. There was no evidence of an association between memory specificity and depression for any of the measures.Conclusion: Older adults have difficulty retrieving specific memories after cuing by nouns and adjectives, as in the AMT, but they have enhanced recall of specific memories after cuing by life periods, as in the AMI, and this is particularly true of memories related to childhood. Individual differences in memory specificity are not related to depression symptoms in healthy samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Barry
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James D Gregory
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, Applied Cognitive Research Unit, Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, Applied Cognitive Research Unit, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, Applied Cognitive Research Unit, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, Applied Cognitive Research Unit, Albacete, Spain
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cannabis is the most widely used psychoactive substance among adolescents worldwide, and the age at which consumption begins to decrease. Cannabis use in adolescents is associated with a wide range of adverse consequences in adulthood including increased vulnerability to psychosis and other mental disorders, as well as suicidal ideation and attempt. The aim of this study is to extend understanding of the link between cannabis use and mental illness by examining whether cannabis use at early ages predicts transdiagnostic variables that are precursors to severe clinical diagnoses. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was made up of 605 adolescents from 7th to 9th grades, with a mean age of 13.2 years (SD = 1.0, 47% girls). The variables evaluated were: anomalous perception of reality, intolerance of uncertainty, rumination, suicide attempt, hopelessness, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. The administration of the questionnaires was carried out in groups of 20 participants under the supervision of a researcher in a unique session of 1 hour. RESULTS Adolescent cannabis users scored higher on all variables assessed: anomalous perception of reality (Cohen's d = .60), rumination (d = .48), intolerance of uncertainty (d = .11), suicidal attempt (affirmative answer: 25.9% of users vs 7.7% of non-users), hopelessness (d = .85), symptoms of depression (d = .80), and anxiety (d = .39). A binary logistic regression showed that the only variable uniquely related to cannabis use was hopelessness (Wald = 4.560, OR: 1.159, p = .033). CONCLUSIONS Among some mental health risk factors, hopelessness appears uniquely related to cannabis use. Adolescents may use cannabis as a coping strategy for negative thoughts and emotions, or it may be a consequence of cannabis use. Future prevention programs should focus on preventing/treating modifiable factors such as hopelessness, and delaying cannabis use in specific subgroups of adolescents who experience pathologies such as depression or suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moreno-Mansilla
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla_La Mancha, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla_La Mancha, School of Education, Albacete, Spain
| | - David J Hallford
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geeland, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Barry TJ, Villanueva-Romero CM, Hernández-Viadel JV, Ricarte JJ. Early life adversity and the specificity of autobiographical memory amongst people with schizophrenia. Behav Res Ther 2021; 140:103836. [PMID: 33667873 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with schizophrenia diagnoses are thought to have difficulty retrieving memories of specific autobiographical events because of attempts to avoid the negative affect associated with previous adversity. We provide the first investigation of the association between early adversity (e.g., childhood abuse) and autobiographical memory problems amongst people with and without schizophrenia. METHOD Participants with diagnoses of schizophrenia (n = 79) and participants without diagnoses (n = 41) completed the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) interview schedule and a cued recall task. RESULTS Participants exposed to greater number of, and more severe, childhood adversity retrieved fewer specific autobiographical memories. However, participants with schizophrenia retrieved fewer specific memories than control participants without diagnoses irrespective of the presence, severity or number of adversities they experienced. CONCLUSIONS Adversity contributes towards autobiographical memory difficulty but adversity does not explain why people with schizophrenia differ from diagnoses-free people in their autobiographical memory abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Barry
- Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
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Aizpurua E, Copp J, Ricarte JJ, Vázquez D. Controlling Behaviors and Intimate Partner Violence Among Women in Spain: An Examination of Individual, Partner, and Relationship Risk Factors for Physical and Psychological Abuse. J Interpers Violence 2021; 36:231-254. [PMID: 29294888 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517723744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been linked to a broad range of negative consequences. Thus, early detection and prevention of behaviors associated with IPV is necessary to combat this global public health problem. Controlling behaviors (CBs) within the intimate context, including acts to constrain free mobility or access to friends and relatives, have been characterized as a moderate form of violence and may be an indicator of more severe IPV. Previous research in this field, however, has been primarily conducted in the United States. Accordingly, we lack knowledge of similar findings in other countries to draw more general conclusions about observed associations between these variables, and to identify underlying mechanisms. The current study analyzes the role of control within the Spanish context by examining its correlates, as well as the role and impact of CBs on psychological and physical violence. To achieve these objectives, we use data from the Spanish sample of the Violence Against Women Survey carried out by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (N = 1,520 adult women). The results indicated that young women, women with a previous history of physical/sexual abuse during childhood, and women who have resided in Spain for fewer years are at greater risk of experiencing control within the context of an ongoing relationship. Partner risk factors included frequent episodes of drunkenness and general violence (i.e., violence outside of the home). In addition, control was more frequently reported among couples where the man was older than the woman. As hypothesized, women who reported CB by their partners were more likely to experience psychological and physical violence. These findings emphasize the importance of preventing CBs to avert the most severe forms of violence, and provides relevant information about the groups that could most benefit from these efforts.
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Fernández-Aguilar L, Latorre JM, Martínez-Rodrigo A, Moncho-Bogani JV, Ros L, Latorre P, Ricarte JJ, Fernández-Caballero A. Differences between young and older adults in physiological and subjective responses to emotion induction using films. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14548. [PMID: 32883988 PMCID: PMC7471684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional response in aging is typically studied using the dimensional or the discrete models of emotion. Moreover, it is typically studied using subjective or physiological variables but not using both perspectives simultaneously. Additionally, tenderness is neglected in emotion induction procedures with older adults, with the present work being the first to include the study of physiological tenderness using film clips. This study integrated two separate approaches to emotion research, comparing 68 younger and 39 older adults and using a popular set of film clips to induce tenderness, amusement, anger, fear, sadness and disgust emotions. The direction of subjective emotional patterns was evaluated with self-reports and that of physiological emotional patterns was evaluated with a wearable emotion detection system. The findings suggest a dual-process framework between subjective and physiological responses, manifested differently in young and older adults. In terms of arousal, the older adults exhibited higher levels of subjective arousal in negative emotions and tenderness while young adults showed higher levels of physiological arousal in these emotions. These findings yield information on the multidirectionality of positive and negative emotions, corroborating that emotional changes in the adult lifespan appear to be subject to the relevance of the emotion elicitor to each age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Fernández-Aguilar
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
- Neurological Disabilities Research Institute (IDINE), Albacete, Spain.
| | - José M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
- Neurological Disabilities Research Institute (IDINE), Albacete, Spain.
| | | | - José V Moncho-Bogani
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Neurological Disabilities Research Institute (IDINE), Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Neurological Disabilities Research Institute (IDINE), Albacete, Spain
| | - Pablo Latorre
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Ciències Experimentals I de La Salut, Cell Signaling Research Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Neurological Disabilities Research Institute (IDINE), Albacete, Spain
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Ricarte JJ, Ros L, Latorre JM, Barry TJ. Ruminative and mood associations for age differences in social and directive reasons to think and talk about life experiences. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235378. [PMID: 32673334 PMCID: PMC7365414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reminiscing, or thinking and talking about our past experiences, can have mood enhancing effects. Rumination is implicated in reminiscence and yet has been shown to have negative effects on mood, with important differences between age groups. However, age differences in the effects of reminiscing on mood, and particularly the effects of rumination within reminiscence, are less explored. Two different age groups completed self-report measures of the positive directive (planning for present and future behaviors) and social (communication) uses of autobiographical memory, as well as maladaptive rumination and depression symptom severity. Young participants (Mean age: 21.82) ruminated more and reported greater frequency of using the directive and social functions of thinking and talking about past experiences than older adults (Mean age: 71.82). These reminiscence processes were also differentially associated with depression symptoms between age groups when tested in structural equation models. In older participants, but not young participants, the directive function was negatively associated with depression severity; in young participants, but not old participants, the social function was negatively associated with depression severity. Furthermore, although depressive and abstract rumination was directly positively related to depression scores in both samples, this association was inverted when the effect of rumination on depression was calculated through functions of reminiscence. The implications of these results for intervention development in older versus young adults, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, School of Education, Albacete, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jose M. Latorre
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Tom J. Barry
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Fernández-Sotos P, García-Martínez B, Ricarte JJ, Latorre JM, Sánchez-Morla EM, Fernández-Caballero A, Rodriguez-Jimenez R. Electroencephalographic spectral analysis from a wireless low-cost brain-computer interface for symptom capture of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2020; 220:297-299. [PMID: 32307262 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fernández-Sotos
- Servicio de Salud Mental, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (CHUA), Albacete, Spain; CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain.
| | - Beatriz García-Martínez
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete (i3A), Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Unidad de Psicología Cognitiva Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Spain
| | - José M Latorre
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Unidad de Psicología Cognitiva Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Spain
| | - Eva M Sánchez-Morla
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Informática de Albacete (i3A), Albacete, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain; CogPsy-Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Carretero LM, Latorre JM, Fernández D, Barry TJ, Ricarte JJ. Effects of positive personal and non-personal autobiographical stimuli on emotional regulation in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:157-164. [PMID: 30805866 PMCID: PMC6974493 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
People can regulate negative emotional states using personal episodic information stored in memory. However, amongst older adults, assistance in retrieving personal memories might be needed. As such, positive personal images might better facilitate the retrieval of positive personal memories, relative to generic positive images. The present study induced older adults (N = 40; Mage = 76.28) into a negative mood state using a validated film clip ("Dead Man Walking"; Robbins et al. in Dead Man Walking [Cinta Cinematográfica]. PolyGram Filmed Entertainment, Working Title Films, Estados Unidos, 1995). Participants were then shown positive personal images (album photos) or positive non-personal images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) and between-group differences in their mood state and their ability to retrieve positive autobiographical memories were measured. Although participants' moods decreased after the negative mood induction, their mood then recovered after picture cuing regardless of whether images were personal or non-personal. Furthermore, the positive mood evoked by non-personal, but not personal, images was significantly positively associated with self-reported feelings of reliving of the memories evoked by those images. These results suggest that, when pictures from personal life are not available, the selection of images able to generate positive autobiographical memories with a sense of reliving, is a feasible tool for older adult's emotional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Carretero
- Psychology Department, School of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - J M Latorre
- Psychology Department, School of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - D Fernández
- Psychology Department, School of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - T J Barry
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, 6th Floor, Jockey Club Tower, Centennial Campus, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
- Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - J J Ricarte
- Psychology Department, School of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Barry TJ, Hallford DJ, Del Rey F, Ricarte JJ. Differential associations between impaired autobiographical memory recall and future thinking in people with and without schizophrenia. Br J Clin Psychol 2019; 59:154-168. [PMID: 31584204 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom J. Barry
- Department of Psychology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London UK
| | | | - Francisco Del Rey
- Regional Ministry for Social Welfare of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Medicine University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
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Barry TJ, Hernández-Viadel JV, Fernández D, Ros L, Ricarte JJ, Berna F. Retrieval of negative autobiographical memories is associated with hostile attributions in ambiguous situations amongst people with schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12564. [PMID: 31467374 PMCID: PMC6715746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterised by difficulty understanding the thoughts and intentions of other people. Misunderstandings could lead people to attribute hostility to others' actions. Theories suggest that we use our autobiographical memories to inform our understanding of other people but no study has examined the relation between memory and hostile attributions in schizophrenia. People with (n = 42) and without (n = 34) schizophrenia diagnoses completed The Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ) to assess their tendency to attribute hostility to other people's actions and the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) to assess their ability to recall specific positive and negative autobiographical memories. In linear regressions the interaction between diagnostic group and the proportion of specific negative memories participants retrieved explained significant variance in each AIHQ index. Follow-up correlation analyses showed that participants with schizophrenia who retrieved more negative memories also attributed greater hostility to other people's actions (r = 0.47) and reported that they would respond with greater aggression (r = 0.59). These correlations were in the opposite direction for controls. People with schizophrenia may use their memories for negative past events to understand the actions and intentions of other people, leading to attributions of hostility for otherwise benign actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Barry
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dolores Fernández
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
| | - Fabrice Berna
- Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hopital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- INSERM U-1114, 1 Place de l'Hopital, Clinique Psychiatrique, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, 4 rue Kirchleger, Strasbourg, France
- FMTS, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Nieto M, Ricarte JJ, Griffith JW, Slesinger NC, Taple BJ, Fernández-Aguilar L, Ros L, Latorre JM. Sleep and cognitive development in preschoolers: Stress and autobiographical performance associations. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Nieto M, Romero D, Ros L, Zabala C, Martínez M, Ricarte JJ, Serrano JP, Latorre JM. Differences in Coping Strategies Between Young and Older Adults: The Role of Executive Functions. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2019; 90:28-49. [DOI: 10.1177/0091415018822040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Executive functions (EFs) have been identified as processes in the ability to select and apply adaptive strategies for coping with stress. This study compares executive functioning, short-term memory, and coping in a sample of young and older adults with no prior diagnosis of depression and with normal cognitive function ( N = 216). The study collected measures of depression, EFs, short-term memory, and coping. Young participants scored higher than older adults on EFs and short-term memory. Moreover, in young adults, there was a prevalence of avoidance coping strategies. Scores on depressive symptomatology were found to be related to avoidant coping strategies. Older adults with higher score on inhibition used less avoidant coping. Thus, it seems that executive deficits might contribute to depression, as they affect processes for coping with stress. This finding may have implications for the role of EFs and coping in psychological well-being and successful adaptation of individuals to stressful situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Dulce Romero
- Occupational Therapy Division, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Carmen Zabala
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Manuela Martínez
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Juan P. Serrano
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jose M. Latorre
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Castilla–La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
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Abstract
Self-defining memories (SDMs) are a type of autobiographical memory that people use as a narrative way to explain their self-identity. We sought to examine the relationships between SDMs, aggression, and criminality in a sample of men, 18-64 years of age, recruited in Spain. The sample included three groups: incarcerated criminal offenders with mental illness, incarcerated criminal offenders without mental illness, and healthy community controls. Analyses of the relationship between SDMs and criminal status demonstrated that incarcerated offenders, regardless of mental health status, endorsed phenomenological characteristics of SDMs of their transgressive self at a higher level than community controls. Aggression differed across all three groups, such that inmates demonstrated higher levels of trait aggression than community controls. The associations between aggression and age at event of SDMs did not differ between groups. Further investigation of the relationship between SDMs, aggression, and criminal status may augment understanding of factors of criminality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayley J Taple
- a Department of Medical Social Sciences , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , USA
| | - Carmen Zabala-Baños
- b Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy , University of Castilla - La Mancha , Toledo , Spain
| | - María V Jimeno
- c Department of Psychology and Criminology Research Center , University of Castilla - La Mancha , Albacete , Spain
| | - James W Griffith
- a Department of Medical Social Sciences , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , USA
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- d Department of Psychology , University of Castilla - La Mancha , Albacete , Spain
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Barry TJ, Del Rey F, Ricarte JJ. Valence‐related impairments in the retrieval of specific autobiographical memories amongst patients with schizophrenia. Br J Clin Psychol 2018; 58:140-153. [DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom J. Barry
- Department of Psychology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
- Department of Psychology The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London UK
| | - Francisco Del Rey
- Regional Ministry for Social Welfare of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology Faculty of Medicine University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
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Ros L, Romero D, Ricarte JJ, Serrano JP, Nieto M, Latorre JM. Measurement of overgeneral autobiographical memory: Psychometric properties of the autobiographical memory test in young and older populations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196073. [PMID: 29672583 PMCID: PMC5908191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) is the most widely used measure of overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM). The AMT appears to have good psychometric properties, but more research is needed on the influence and applicability of individual cue words in different languages and populations. To date, no studies have evaluated its usefulness as a measure of OMG in Spanish or older populations. This work aims to analyze the applicability of the AMT in young and older Spanish samples. We administered a Spanish version of the AMT to samples of young (N = 520) and older adults (N = 155). We conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), item response theory-based analysis (IRT) and differential item functioning (DIF). Results confirm the one-factor structure for the AMT. IRT analysis suggests that both groups find the AMT easy given that they generally perform well, and that it is more precise in individuals who score low on memory specificity. DIF analysis finds three items differ in their functioning depending on age group. This differential functioning of these items affects the overall AMT scores and, thus, they should be excluded from the AMT in studies comparing young and older samples. We discuss the possible implications of the samples and cue words used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Dulce Romero
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Juan P. Serrano
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jose M. Latorre
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Ricarte JJ, Del Rey F, Ros L, Latorre JM, Berna F. Abstract and experiential thinking differentially account for anomalous perception of reality in people with or without schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:43-50. [PMID: 28395940 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
repetitive thinking is often increased in various psychopathological conditions. However, evidence for its possible contribution to psychotic symptoms relies only on correlational analysis and has not been experimentally tested within the psychotic continuum. This research aims to examine whether repetitive thinking about a negative past experience using concrete versus abstract processing might modify the reporting of anomalous sensory experiences. 89 patients with schizophrenia and 89 matched controls were asked to reflect on their most negative Self-Defining Memory during a thirty-minute period. By means of a written script, half of the participants were instructed to remember thoughts, feelings and sensations associated with the event in an abstract mode, while the other half followed an equivalent script but with concrete questions. After induced concrete-experiential thinking, both controls and patients significantly reduced self-reported anomalous reality perception. However, participants in the induced abstract-analytical thinking condition increased anomalous experience, especially sensory experience from an unexplained source. Multigroup path analyses showed that involvement in abstract-analytical thinking during the task significantly mediated the relationship between pre-test and post-test anomalous perception scores, but only in the patient group. These results suggest that abstract thinking contributes to distorted sensory experiences. In contrast, training in a concrete processing mode of past experiences may be a useful tool to reduce subjective anomalous perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain
| | - F Del Rey
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain
| | - L Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain.
| | - J M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain
| | - F Berna
- Unité INSERM 1114, Physiopathologie et Psychopathologie Cognitive de la Schizophrénie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirchleger, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, France
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Fernández-Caballero A, Navarro E, Fernández-Sotos P, González P, Ricarte JJ, Latorre JM, Rodriguez-Jimenez R. Human-Avatar Symbiosis for the Treatment of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia through Virtual/Augmented Reality and Brain-Computer Interfaces. Front Neuroinform 2017; 11:64. [PMID: 29209193 PMCID: PMC5702358 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective paper faces the future of alternative treatments that take advantage of a social and cognitive approach with regards to pharmacological therapy of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in patients with schizophrenia. AVH are the perception of voices in the absence of auditory stimulation and represents a severe mental health symptom. Virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR) and brain computer interfaces (BCI) are technologies that are growing more and more in different medical and psychological applications. Our position is that their combined use in computer-based therapies offers still unforeseen possibilities for the treatment of physical and mental disabilities. This is why, the paper expects that researchers and clinicians undergo a pathway toward human-avatar symbiosis for AVH by taking full advantage of new technologies. This outlook supposes to address challenging issues in the understanding of non-pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia-related disorders and the exploitation of VR/AR and BCI to achieve a real human-avatar symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fernández-Caballero
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Sotos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascual González
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - José M Latorre
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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Ros L, Latorre JM, Serrano JP, Ricarte JJ. Overgeneral autobiographical memory in healthy young and older adults: Differential age effects on components of the capture and rumination, functional avoidance, and impaired executive control (CaRFAX) model. Psychol Aging 2017; 32:447-459. [DOI: 10.1037/pag0000175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ricarte JJ, Ros L, Latorre JM, Watkins E. Mapping autobiographical memory in schizophrenia: Clinical implications. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 51:96-108. [PMID: 27846438 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that impaired autobiographical memory (AM) mechanisms may be associated with the onset and maintenance of psychopathology. However, there is not yet a comprehensive review of the components of autobiographical memory in schizophrenic patients. The first aim of this review is a synthesis of evidence about the functioning of AM in schizophrenic patients. The main autobiographical elements reviewed in schizophrenic patients include the study of overgeneral memory (form); self-defining memories (contents); consciousness during the process of retrieval (awareness), and the abnormal early reminiscence bump (distribution). AM impairments have been involved in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of other psychopathologies, especially depression. The second aim is to examine potential parallels between the mechanisms responsible for the onset and maintenance of disturbed AM in other clinical diagnosis and the mechanisms of disturbed autobiographical memory functioning in schizophrenic patients. Cognitive therapies for schizophrenic patients are increasingly demanded. The third aim is the suggestion of key elements for the adaptation of components of autobiographical recall in cognitive therapies for the treatment of symptoms and consequences of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete 02006, Spain
| | - L Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete 02006, Spain.
| | - J M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete 02006, Spain
| | - E Watkins
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter and Sir Henry Welcome Building for Mood Disorders Research, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK
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Nieto M, Ros L, Medina G, Ricarte JJ, Latorre JM. Assessing Executive Functions in Preschoolers Using Shape School Task. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1489. [PMID: 27729896 PMCID: PMC5037173 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, there has been a growing interest in the study of the development of executive functions (EF) in preschool children due to their relationship with different cognitive, psychological, social and academic domains. Early detection of individual differences in executive functioning can have major implications for basic and applied research. Consequently, there is a key need for assessment tools adapted to preschool skills: Shape School has been shown to be a suitable task for this purpose. Our study uses Shape School as the main task to analyze development of inhibition, task-switching and working memory in a sample of 304 preschoolers (age range 3.25–6.50 years). Additionally, we include cognitive tasks for the evaluation of verbal variables (vocabulary, word reasoning and short-term memory) and performance variables (picture completion and symbol search), so as to analyze their relationship with EFs. Our results show age-associated improvements in EFs and the cognitive variables assessed. Furthermore, correlation analyses reveal positive relationships between EFs and the other cognitive variables. More specifically, using structural equation modeling and including age direct and indirect effects, our results suggest that EFs explain to a greater extent performance on verbal and performance tasks. These findings provide further information to support research that considers preschool age to be a crucial period for the development of EFs and their relationship with other cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete, Spain
| | - Gloria Medina
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete, Spain
| | - José M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, University of Castilla-La Mancha Albacete, Spain
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Ricarte JJ, Hernández JV, Latorre JM, Danion JM, Berna F. Rumination and autobiographical memory impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2014; 160:163-8. [PMID: 25464919 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although patients with schizophrenia exhibit autobiographical memory impairment, which is considered to be a limiting factor in their daily life, the mechanisms underlying such impairment have been rarely studied. In the current study, we investigate whether rumination and, in particular, brooding, which is a form of maladaptive repetitive thinking, may be linked to the difficulty that patients with schizophrenia experience when attempting to access specific autobiographical memories. Our results indicate that patients reported less specific autobiographical memories compared to control participants. Patients also displayed a higher level of brooding and had more depressive symptoms. According to the CaR-FA-X model (Williams et al., 2007), depression and brooding were associated with memory specificity in control participants. In contrast, neither depression nor brooding was correlated with memory specificity in patients. These results suggest that depression and rumination may not be directly related to patients' difficulty to recall specific memories and that other factors, such as metacognitive deficits, must first be considered when seeking interventions aimed to improve autobiographical memory in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain; Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain.
| | - J V Hernández
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain; Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain; Mental Health Service of Castilla La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - J M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Spain; Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - J M Danion
- Unité INSERM 1114, Physiopathologie et Psychopathologie Cognitive de la Schizophrénie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirchleger, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, France
| | - F Berna
- Unité INSERM 1114, Physiopathologie et Psychopathologie Cognitive de la Schizophrénie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirchleger, Strasbourg, France; FMTS: Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, France
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Ros L, Ricarte JJ, Serrano JP, Nieto M, Aguilar MJ, Latorre JM. Overgeneral Autobiographical Memories: Gender Differences in Depression. Appl Cognit Psychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.3013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
- Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
- Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
| | - Juan P. Serrano
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
- Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
| | - Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
- Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
| | - Maria J. Aguilar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
- Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
| | - Jose M. Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
- Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities; University of Castilla La Mancha; Albacete Spain
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Ros L, Aguilar MJ, Serrano JP, Ricarte JJ, Navarro B, Latorre JM. Depression affects specifically executive functioning: new evidence from older population. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 28:327-8. [PMID: 23382100 DOI: 10.1002/gps.3847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ricarte JJ, Hernández-Viadel JV, Latorre JM, Ros L. Effects of event-specific memory training on autobiographical memory retrieval and depressive symptoms in schizophrenic patients. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2012. [PMID: 23200426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This report describes the effects of a specific event group-based training programme on autobiographical memory, self-consciousness of memory retrieval, and depression symptoms in a sample of 24 schizophrenic patients (experimental group). METHODS Twenty-six matched schizophrenic patients who participated in social skills and occupational therapy group sessions constituted the active control group. Participants in the experimental group were trained to complete a diary with specific daily memories, followed by patients' ratings of the associated emotional arousal of those entries. During training, significant specific events from childhood, adolescence, adulthood and the previous year were also reviewed. RESULTS After 10 weeks of group-based sessions, the experimental group demonstrated an increase in their degree of specificity for autobiographical retrievals, had a higher level of consciousness of their memories and showed a decrease in their depression scores. Significant changes in measurements of retrieval specificity and autonoetic awareness were maintained when changes in emotional symptomatology were statistically controlled. LIMITATIONS The present study did not assess the impact of autobiographical memory training on the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that cognitive training strategies based on event-specific autobiographical memory training should be considered for inclusion in intervention programs for schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Avda Almansa 14, 02006 Albacete, Spain.
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Latorre JM, Ricarte JJ, Serrano JP, Ros L, Navarro B, Aguilar MJ. Performance in Autobiographical Memory of Older Adults with Depression Symptoms. Appl Cognit Psychol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aims to investigate the characteristics of autobiographical retrieval in a group of older depressed adults compared with a control group of the same age. METHOD The sample was recruited from local primary care services. All participants were administered a demographic questionnaire and completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; Lobo, A., Ezquerra, J., Gómez-Burgada, F., Sala, J.M., & Seva-Díaz, A. (1979). El Mini-Examen Cognoscitivo: Un test sencillo y práctico para detectar alteraciones intelectuales en pacientes médicos. Actas Luso-Españolas de Neurología, Psiquiatría y Ciencia, 3, 189-202), the Life Satisfaction Index (LSI; Stock, W., Okun, M., & Gómez, J. (1994). Subjective well-being measures: Reliability and validity among Spanish elders. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 38, 221-235), and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; Beck, A.T., Weissman, A., Lester, D., & Trexler, L. (1974). The measurement of pessimism: The hopelessness scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 861-865). Finally, all participants completed the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT; Williams, J.M.G., & Broadbent, K. (1986). Autobiographical memory in suicide attempters. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 144-149). RESULTS Older adults with depression were less specific in their memories than the controls. Higher categoric retrieval for negative cue words compared with positive cue words was only found for older adults with depression. Specific retrieval in the group without depression was positively related to Life Satisfaction and negatively to hopelessness. CONCLUSION The overgeneral effect appeared for older adults with depression due to the higher presence of extended memories (events lasting for more than 24 h) rather than categoric retrievals (summary of repeated events). The strong correlation between specific memories and Life Satisfaction among non-depressed older adults suggests its potential role as a protective factor for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J Ricarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
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Ros L, Latorre JM, Aguilar MJ, Serrano JP, Navarro B, Ricarte JJ. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale (CES-D) in older populations with and without cognitive impairment. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2011; 72:83-110. [PMID: 21639012 DOI: 10.2190/ag.72.2.a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The CES-D is widely used for the assessment of depressive symptoms in the adult population. However, few studies have been performed to assess the utility of this scale in an older population with cognitive impairment. The factor structure of the Spanish version of the CES-D was examined in an observational, cross sectional study in 623 older adults (M = 72.74 years; SD = 7.7). The validity of the scale was determined in two samples of older adults, one comprising 162 participants with cognitive impairment (M = 76.73 years; SD = 8.1) and one with 58 participants without cognitive impairment (M = 74.64 years; SD = 9.0). The results confirm previous results of a four factor structure. With regard to the validity of the scale, in the group with cognitive impairment the area under the ROC curve is 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77-0.89) and the cut-off point for possible depression is 13, while in the group without cognitive impairment the area is 0.90 (95% CI: 0.79-0.96) and the optimal cut-off point is 28. These results show that the Spanish version of the CES-D is a valid instrument for the identification of depression in older adults with and without cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ros
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
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