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de Matos RC, Bitencourt AFA, de Oliveira ADM, Prado VR, Machado RR, Scopel M. Evidence for the efficacy of anti-inflammatory plants used in Brazilian traditional medicine with ethnopharmacological relevance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118137. [PMID: 38574778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE When exacerbated, inflammatory processes can culminate in physical and emotional disorders and, if not stopped, can be lethal. The high prevalence of inflammation has become a public health problem, and the need for new drugs to treat this pathology is imminent. The use of medicinal plants has emerged as an alternative, and a survey of data that corroborates its application in inflammatory diseases is the starting point. Furthermore, Brazil harbors a megadiversity, and the traditional use of plants is relevant and needs to be preserved and carefully explored for the discovery of new medicines. AIM OF THE STUDY This review sought to survey the medicinal plants traditionally used in Brazil for the treatment of inflammatory processes and to perform, in an integrative way, a data survey of these species and analysis of their phytochemical, pharmacological, and molecular approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS Brazilian plants that are traditionally used for inflammation (ophthalmia, throat inflammation, orchitis, urinary tract inflammation, ear inflammation, and inflammation in general) are listed in the DATAPLAMT database. This database contains information on approximately 3400 native plants used by Brazilians, which were registered in specific documents produced until 1950. These inflammatory disorders were searched in scientific databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Scielo, Virtual Health Library), with standardization of DECS/MESH descriptors for inflammation in English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese, without chronological limitations. For the inclusion criteria, all articles had to be of the evaluated plant species, without association of synthesized substances, and full articles free available in any of the four languages searched. Duplicated articles and those that were not freely available were excluded. RESULTS A total of 126 species were identified, culminating in 6181 articles in the search. After evaluation of the inclusion criteria, 172 articles representing 40 different species and 38 families were included in the study. Comparison of reproducibility in intra-species results became difficult because of the large number of extraction solvents tested and the wide diversity of evaluation models used. Although the number of in vitro and in vivo evaluations was high, only one clinical study was found (Abrus precatorius). In the phytochemical analyses, more than 225 compounds, mostly phenolic compounds, were identified. CONCLUSION This review allowed the grouping of preclinical and clinical studies of several Brazilian species traditionally used for the treatment of many types of inflammation, corroborating new searches for their pharmacological properties as a way to aid public health. Furthermore, the large number of plants that have not yet been studied has encouraged new research to revive traditional knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C de Matos
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Centro Especializado Em Plantas Aromáticas, Medicinais e Tóxicas - CEPLAMT-Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Rua Gustavo da Silveira 1035, Horto, 31.080-010, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ana F A Bitencourt
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Alexsandro D M de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa R Prado
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Renes R Machado
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Marina Scopel
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Centro Especializado Em Plantas Aromáticas, Medicinais e Tóxicas - CEPLAMT-Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Rua Gustavo da Silveira 1035, Horto, 31.080-010, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Silva GPD, Fernandes DC, Pereira WS, Santos SVM, Marques PR, Gayer CRM, Martins BDP, Portari EA, Bastos FF, Felzenszwalb I, Araújo Lima CF, Justo G, Sabino KCDC, Coelho MGP. Echinodorus macrophyllus: Acute toxicological evaluation of hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives from SF1 subfractions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117476. [PMID: 38008274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth.) Micheli (Alismataceae), known as chapéu-de-couro in Brazil, is popularly used to treat inflammatory diseases. We have previously demonstrated a significant reduction in the acute inflammation for the aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus (AEEm) and its ethanolic fraction (Fr20) and described that hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives present in SF1 (Fr20 subfraction) showed higher anti-inflammatory properties by mechanisms that include a reduction of TNF-α, IL-1β, CKCL1/KC, LTB4, and PGE2 levels in exudate. AIM OF THE STUDY This work describes the acute toxicological effect of SF1 subfraction on SW mice treated orally for five days in the air pouch model by evaluating the hematological and biochemical determinations on the blood samples; the relative organ weight and its histopathological analysis; the liver genotoxicity assessment and the activity of liver enzymes from xenobiotic metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fr20 was earlier fractionated on the Sephadex LH-20 column, yielding mainly four subfractions, including SF1. The SF1 toxicity was evaluated in mice challenged with carrageenan on the air pouch inflammation model and orally treated for five days. The body weight was monitored daily, and the organs were weighed after the euthanasia. Hematological and biochemical determinations were carried out using specific commercial kits and following the protocols provided by the manufacturers. The organs were fixed, sectioned, processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining, and analyzed by light microscopy. Genotoxicity assessment was performed by the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis. Livers were processed for ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) assays. RESULTS SF1 exhibited low toxicity, as no significant discrepancy was observed in the relative weight of the body organs of mice. Moreover, the daily treatment with SF1 did not alter the number and percentage of red blood cells or hemoglobin concentration in the blood. The treatment with SF1 did not affect the creatinine concentration, but the 25 mg/kg dose reduced the plasma urea level and uric acid, suggesting its use in treating acute renal failure. The parameters analyzed did not present biochemical alterations indicative of liver disease. Regarding serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels, a significant decrease was detected in both parameters in mice treated with SF1. In addition, the histopathological analysis showed that inflammatory focus in the livers seemed more relevant in the control groups than in those treated. There were no significant changes in the renal or splenic tissues of animals treated with SF1. Treatment with SF1 also does not have a genotoxic effect on liver cells. CONCLUSION Treatment with SF1 showed no toxicity in mice at doses equivalent to those recommended for humans, which provides evidence of the safety of the therapeutic use of this subfraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girlaine Pereira da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniele Corrêa Fernandes
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Silva Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Biology, Center for Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Shirley Vânia Moura Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Marques
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Machado Gayer
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Paiva Martins
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Avvad Portari
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frederico Freire Bastos
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Israel Felzenszwalb
- Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Araújo Lima
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Graça Justo
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia Costa de Carvalho Sabino
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marsen Garcia Pinto Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Paes AS, Koga RDCR, Sales PF, Santos Almeida HK, Teixeira TACC, Carvalho JCT. Phytocompounds from Amazonian Plant Species against Acute Kidney Injury: Potential Nephroprotective Effects. Molecules 2023; 28:6411. [PMID: 37687240 PMCID: PMC10490259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several Amazonian plant species with potential pharmacological validation for the treatment of acute kidney injury, a condition in which the kidneys are unable to adequately filter the blood, resulting in the accumulation of toxins and waste in the body. Scientific production on plant compounds capable of preventing or attenuating acute kidney injury-caused by several factors, including ischemia, toxins, and inflammation-has shown promising results in animal models of acute kidney injury and some preliminary studies in humans. Despite the popular use of Amazonian plant species for kidney disorders, further pharmacological studies are needed to identify active compounds and subsequently conduct more complex preclinical trials. This article is a brief review of phytocompounds with potential nephroprotective effects against acute kidney injury (AKI). The classes of Amazonian plant compounds with significant biological activity most evident in the consulted literature were alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. An expressive phytochemical and pharmacological relevance of the studied species was identified, although with insufficiently explored potential, mainly in the face of AKI, a clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Souza Paes
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (R.d.C.R.K.); (P.F.S.); (T.A.C.C.T.)
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
| | - Rosemary de Carvalho Rocha Koga
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (R.d.C.R.K.); (P.F.S.); (T.A.C.C.T.)
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
| | - Priscila Faimann Sales
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (R.d.C.R.K.); (P.F.S.); (T.A.C.C.T.)
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
| | - Hellen Karine Santos Almeida
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
- University Hospital, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Josmar Chaves Pinto, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Thiago Afonso Carvalho Celestino Teixeira
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (R.d.C.R.K.); (P.F.S.); (T.A.C.C.T.)
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
- University Hospital, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Josmar Chaves Pinto, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil; (A.S.P.); (R.d.C.R.K.); (P.F.S.); (T.A.C.C.T.)
- Research Laboratory of Drugs, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil;
- University Hospital, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Josmar Chaves Pinto, km 02, Macapá CEP 68903-419, Amapá, Brazil
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Rocha MP, da Silva LMC, Silva LPM, Gomes JHDS, Pádua RMD, Batista JAN, Sena MM, Campana PRV, Braga FC. Quantitative Chemical Composition, Anti-Oxidant Activity, and Inhibition of TNF Release by THP-1 Cells Induced by Extracts of Echinodorus macrophyllus and Echinodorus grandiflorus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1365. [PMID: 37507905 PMCID: PMC10376401 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the similarities between Echinodorus macrophyllus and Echinodorus grandiflorus, plant species that are traditionally used in Brazil to treat rheumatism and arthritis, whose anti-inflammatory effects are supported by scientific evidence. The contents of cis- and trans-aconitic acid, homoorientin, chicoric acid, swertisin, caffeoyl-feruloyl-tartaric acid, and di-feruloyl-tartaric acid were quantified by UPLC-DAD in various hydroethanolic extracts from the leaves, whereas their anti-oxidant activity and their effect on TNF release by LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells were assessed to evaluate potential anti-inflammatory effects. The 50% and 70% ethanol extracts showed higher concentrations of the analyzed markers in two commercial samples and a cultivated specimen of E. macrophyllus, as well as in a commercial lot of E. grandiflorus. However, distinguishing between the species based on marker concentrations was not feasible. The 50% and 70% ethanol extracts also exhibited higher biological activity, yet they did not allow differentiation between the species, indicating similar chemical composition and biological effects. Principal component analysis highlighted comparable chemical composition and biological activity among the commercial samples of E. macrophyllus, while successfully distinguishing the cultivated specimen from the commercial lots. In summary, no differences were observed between the two species in terms of the evaluated chemical markers and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pereira Rocha
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Lyandra Maciel Cabral da Silva
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Laura Paulino Maia Silva
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - José Hugo de Sousa Gomes
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Maia de Pádua
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - João Aguiar Nogueira Batista
- Departament of Botany and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martins Sena
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Bioanalítica (INCT-Bio), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rodrigues Valadares Campana
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernão Castro Braga
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
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ACE2 activator diminazene aceturate exerts renoprotective effects in gentamicin-induced acute renal injury in rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:3093-3106. [PMID: 33206153 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) comprises a rapidly developed renal failure and is associated with high mortality rates. The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) plays a pivotal role in AKI, as the over-active RAS axis exerts major deleterious effects in disease progression. In this sense, the conversion of Angiotensin II (Ang II) into Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) by the Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is of utmost importance to prevent worse clinical outcomes. Previous studies reported the beneficial effects of oral diminazene aceturate (DIZE) administration, an ACE2 activator, in renal diseases models. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of DIZE administration in experimental AKI induced by gentamicin (GM) in rats. Our findings showed that treatment with DIZE improved renal function and tissue damage by increasing Ang-(1-7) and ACE2 activity, and reducing TNF-α. These results corroborate with a raising potential of ACE2 activation as a strategy for treating AKI.
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Rosa SIG, Rios-Santos F, Balogun SO, de Almeida DAT, Damazo AS, da Cruz TCD, Pavan E, Barbosa RDS, Alvim TDC, Soares IM, Ascêncio SD, Macho A, Martins DTDO. Hydroethanolic extract from Echinodorus scaber Rataj leaves inhibits inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:191-199. [PMID: 28342859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Echinodorus scaber, Alismataceae, is popularly known in Brazil as "chapéu-de-couro". The plant leaves are used by the population as decoction, infusion, or maceration in bottled spirits, to treat inflammatory respiratory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the hydroethanolic extract of leaves of Echinodorus scaber (HEEs) in allergic asthma. A phytochemical analysis of the extract was performed as well. MATERIALS AND METHODS The leaves of Echinodorus scaber were prepared by maceration in 75% ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out using basic classical methods, and the secondary metabolites detected in HEEs were analyzed and confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of HEEs was evaluated in Swiss male albino mice sensitized and challenged by OVA. The HEEs (1, 5 and 30mg/kg, p.o.) was administered to mice twice a day, 1h before the challenge, from days 19 through 24. The mechanism of action of HEEs was studied by evaluating the levels of TH2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IgE production in blood plasma. Histopathological changes triggered by OVA-sensitization/challenge in the lung tissue were also investigated. RESULTS HEEs reduced total leukocyte, eosinophil, neutrophil, and mononuclear cell counts at all doses tested, with maximum effect at 30mg/kg (73.9%, 75.9%, 75.5%, and 65.2% reduction, p<0.001, respectively). Increases in TH2 cytokine secretion (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) and in IgE levels were also attenuated by HEEs. Preliminary phytochemical screening seems to indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and alkaloids. HPLC analyses evidenced the presence of phenolic compounds, such as gallic acid, rutin and vitexin. CONCLUSION Our findings provided pharmacological preclinical evidence for the popular use of the leaves of Echinodorus scaber in allergic inflammation. Its anti-inflammatory effect was dependent on the decrease in migratory inflammatory cells, and both TH2 cytokines and IgE levels. It is suggested that vitexin, gallic acid and rutin, known anti-inflammatory compounds, may participate in the anti-asthamtic effect of the HEEs, by acting jointly along with other components present in the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suellen Iara Guirra Rosa
- Pharmacology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Rios-Santos
- Physiology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Sikiru Olaitan Balogun
- Pharmacology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil; Pharmacy Graduation Curse, Faculty of the Northwest of Mato Grosso, Juína Association of Higher Education, AJES, 78320-000 Juína, MT, Brazil
| | - Danielle Ayr Tavares de Almeida
- Pharmacology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Sabino Damazo
- Histology and Cell Biology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Thais Campos Dias da Cruz
- Pharmacology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Pavan
- Pharmacology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Robson Dos Santos Barbosa
- Laboratory of Natural Research Products, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Tocantins, UFT, 77020-210 Palmas, TO, Brazil
| | - Tarso da Costa Alvim
- Post-Graduate Studies in Agroenergy, Federal University of Tocantins, UFT, 77020-210 Palmas, TO, Brazil
| | - Ilsamar Mendes Soares
- Laboratory of Natural Research Products, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Tocantins, UFT, 77020-210 Palmas, TO, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Donizeti Ascêncio
- Laboratory of Natural Research Products, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Tocantins, UFT, 77020-210 Palmas, TO, Brazil
| | - Antonio Macho
- Physiology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Domingos Tabajara de Oliveira Martins
- Pharmacology Area, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, UFMT, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
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Moreira Galdino P, Nunes Alexandre L, Fernanda Pacheco L, de Souza Lino Junior R, de Paula JR, Rodrigues Pedrino G, Henrique Xavier C, Maria Ferreira P. Nephroprotective effect of Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth leaves on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 201:100-107. [PMID: 28242383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RELEVANCE Rudgea viburnoides, popularly known as "congonha-de-bugre" or "erva de bugre", is used in folk medicine as hypotensive, blood depurative, anti-rheumatic, diuretic and in the treatment of kidney and bladder pain. AIM Based on the popularly acclaimed nephron-protective effect of R. viburnoides, we investigated, using rats, the protective effect of this plant extract on gentamicin-induced kidney injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Urinary volume, water and food intakes were assessed in adult male Wistar rats (naive or gentamicin-induced model of nephrotoxicity) treated with R. viburnoides extract. Also blood and kidney samples were collected for further laboratory and histological analyses. RESULTS R. viburnoides leaves extract improved renal function. It also improved the renal function impairments caused by gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity, as revealed by glomerular filtration rate, urine output and proteinuria. CONCLUSION R. viburnoides exert renoprotective effect, which may support its popular use for renal diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Layse Nunes Alexandre
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Terapêutica Cardiovascular, ICB, UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Vaz MSM, Vaz da Silva MS, Oliveira RJ, da Silva Mota J, Brait DRH, de Carvalho LNB, Vani JM, Berno CR, Araújo FHS, de Barros ME. Evaluation of the toxicokinetics and apoptotic potential of ethanol extract from Echinodorus macrophyllus leaves in vivo. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 82:32-38. [PMID: 27793745 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the toxicological, genotoxic, mutagenic and apoptotic potential of an in vivo assay from Echinodorus macrophyllus extract (EEM). The acute toxicity test used 02 groups (n = 5) of female Wistar rats: negative control group (saline) and experimental group (2000 mg/kg b.w. EEM), both orally administered (gavage) at single doses and monitored for 14 days. To assess the genotoxic, mutagenic and apoptotic potential, 50 male Swiss mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 10): Group I: negative control (saline solution 0.1 ml/10 g b.w.); Group II: positive control (cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg b.w.) intraperitoneally administered; groups III-V received EEM at 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w., respectively. Groups I, III-V received oral administrations (gavage). The results showed that there was no acute lethality or any signs of acute toxicity, indicating that LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg b.w. The groups treated with EEM showed no genotoxic or mutagenic activity and did not induce apoptosis in the liver and kidney. Therefore, EEM showed no acute toxicity and at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w. absence of genotoxicity, mutagenicity and no apoptotic events were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Soares Mattos Vaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Vaz da Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Jonas da Silva Mota
- Centre for Research on Biodiversity (CPBIO), State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Débora Regina Hoff Brait
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Miron Vani
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcio Eduardo de Barros
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; University Hospital of the Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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LUNARDI RAFAELAF, WOHLENBERG MARIANE, MEDEIROS NIARA, AGOSTINI FABIANE, FUNCHAL CLÁUDIA, DANI CAROLINE. In vitro antioxidant capacity of tea of Echinodorus grandiforus, “leather hat,” in Wistar rat liver. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 86:1451-62. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201420130507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered as one of the factors responsible for hepatic diseases, which sometimes require new ways of treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the tea of Echinodorus grandiforus (“leather hat” plant) in rat liver. Different preparations of tea were evaluated for phenolic composition, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced by copper sulfate. The antioxidant activity was assessed in liver tissue treated with sodium azide in the presence or absence of tea by assays for lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein oxidation (carbonyl) and the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results show that different preparations of tea are important sources of polyphenols and contain theobromine, catechin and vitexin. Furthermore, the results indicate that this tea exhibits an antioxidant activity by its ability to scavenge DPPH radical. Different preparations of tea prevented damage to lipids and proteins induced by sodium azide, as well as assisting in restoring CAT and SOD activities. Thus, it can be seen that E. grandiforus tea had antioxidant activity in serum and liver being able to prevent oxidative damages generated by sodium azide.
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Nascimento ELD, Watanabe M, Fonseca CDD, Schlottfeldt FDS, Vattimo MDFF. Renoprotective effect of the Echinodorus macrophyllus in induced renal injury. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0194201400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the renoprotective effect of Echinodorus macrophyllusin acute kidney injury induced by cyclophosphamide in rats.METHODS: Experimental research with Wistar rats, male adults, distributed into groups, namely: Control - administration of 1.5 ml sodium chloride 0.9% intraperitoneally; Echinodorous - administration of 2g/kg of Echinodorus macrophyllus by gavage for five days; Cyclophosphamide - administration of cyclophosphamide 150mg/kg intraperitoneally; and Cyclosphosphamide + Echinodorus - administration of Echinodorus macrophyllus and cyclophosphamide. Renal function (creatinine clearance) and the oxidative metabolites (peroxides and urinary substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid, thiols in kidney tissue) were evaluated.RESULTS: Preconditioning with Echinodorus macrophyllus elevated the creatinine clearance and reduced the levels of oxidative metabolites.CONCLUSION: The antioxidant action of Echinodorus macrophyllus has demonstrated renoprotective effects evidenced by the reduction of oxidative stress in acute renal injury induced by cyclophosphamide in rats.
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