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Choi B, Na Y, Whang MY, Ho JY, Han MR, Park SW, Song H, Hur SY, Choi YJ. MGMT Methylation Is Associated with Human Papillomavirus Infection in Cervical Dysplasia: A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6188. [PMID: 37834832 PMCID: PMC10573962 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical premalignancy/malignancy, as detected by cervical cytology or biopsy, can develop as a result of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Meanwhile, DNA methylation is known to be associated with carcinogenesis. In this study, we thus attempted to identify the association between MGMT methylation and persistent HPV infection using an Epi-TOP MPP assay. Integrative analysis of DNA methylation was carried out here using longitudinal cervical cytology samples of seven patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-US/LSIL). Then, a gene expression analysis using the longitudinal cervical cytology samples and a public database (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)) was performed. Upon comparing the ASC-US or LSIL samples at the 1st collection and the paired samples at the 2nd collection more than 6 months later, we found that they became hypermethylated over time. Then, using the longitudinal data, we found that the MGMT methylation was associated with HPV infection. Moreover, TCGA dataset revealed an association between downregulated MGMT mRNA expression and poor overall survival. This decreased MGMT mRNA expression was observed to have an inverse relationship with MGMT methylation levels. In this study, we found that the MGMT methylation level could potentially serve as a valuable prognostic indicator for the transition from ASC-US/LSIL to cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (B.C.); (Y.N.); (M.Y.W.); (J.Y.H.)
| | - Yoojin Na
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (B.C.); (Y.N.); (M.Y.W.); (J.Y.H.)
| | - Min Yeop Whang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (B.C.); (Y.N.); (M.Y.W.); (J.Y.H.)
| | - Jung Yoon Ho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (B.C.); (Y.N.); (M.Y.W.); (J.Y.H.)
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ryung Han
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.H.); (S.-W.P.)
| | - Seong-Woo Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; (M.-R.H.); (S.-W.P.)
| | - Heekyoung Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soo Young Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (B.C.); (Y.N.); (M.Y.W.); (J.Y.H.)
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Jin Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (B.C.); (Y.N.); (M.Y.W.); (J.Y.H.)
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Borges BDN. Epigenetic alterations in canine mammary cancer. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220131. [PMID: 36279498 PMCID: PMC9593226 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In dogs, mammary cancer is the most common tumor type, especially in unspayed females. As in humans, this type of cancer has spontaneous development and is influenced by several risk factors, such as age and hormonal exposure in addition to genetic and epigenetic factors. Epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for gene expression modulation without alterations in the DNA sequence and include but are not limited to DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Epigenetic patterns are known to influence a variety of biological mechanisms, such as cellular differentiation and development, and dysregulations of those patterns may result in several diseases, such as cancer. In this respect, this review summarizes the main findings concerning epigenetic alterations in canine mammary cancer, their relationship with the carcinogenic process, and their use as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara do Nascimento Borges
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Chung J, Das A, Sun X, Sobreira DR, Leung YY, Igartua C, Mozaffari S, Chou YF, Thiagalingam S, Mez J, Zhang X, Jun GR, Stein TD, Kunkle BW, Martin ER, Pericak-Vance MA, Mayeux R, Haines JL, Schellenberg GD, Nobrega MA, Lunetta KL, Pinto JM, Wang LS, Ober C, Farrer LA. Genome-wide association and multi-omics studies identify MGMT as a novel risk gene for Alzheimer's disease among women. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 19:10.1002/alz.12719. [PMID: 35770850 PMCID: PMC9800643 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variants in the tau gene (MAPT) region are associated with breast cancer in women and Alzheimer's disease (AD) among persons lacking apolipoprotein E ε4 (ε4-). METHODS To identify novel genes associated with tau-related pathology, we conducted two genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for AD, one among 10,340 ε4- women in the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) and another in 31 members (22 women) of a consanguineous Hutterite kindred. RESULTS We identified novel associations of AD with MGMT variants in the ADGC (rs12775171, odds ratio [OR] = 1.4, P = 4.9 × 10-8 ) and Hutterite (rs12256016 and rs2803456, OR = 2.0, P = 1.9 × 10-14 ) datasets. Multi-omics analyses showed that the most significant and largest number of associations among the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA-methylated CpGs, MGMT expression, and AD-related neuropathological traits were observed among women. Furthermore, promoter capture Hi-C analyses revealed long-range interactions of the MGMT promoter with MGMT SNPs and CpG sites. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that epigenetically regulated MGMT expression is involved in AD pathogenesis, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoon Chung
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anjali Das
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Débora R Sobreira
- Department of Surgery/Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yuk Yee Leung
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Catherine Igartua
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sahar Mozaffari
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yi-Fan Chou
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sam Thiagalingam
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gyungah R Jun
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian W Kunkle
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences and Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marcelo A Nobrega
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jayant M Pinto
- Department of Surgery/Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase and ATP-Binding Cassette Membrane Transporter G2 Promotor Methylation: Can Predict the Response to Chemotherapy in Advanced Breast Cancer? Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 11:20-29. [PMID: 35765521 PMCID: PMC9208568 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background ATP-binding cassette membrane transporter G2 (ABCG2) gene is one of transporter family and well characterized for their association with chemoresistance. Promoter methylation is a mechanism for regulation of gene expression. O6-Methyl guanine DNA methyl transferase (MGMT) gene plays a fundamental role in DNA repair. MGMT has the ability to remove alkyl adducts from DNA at the O6 position of guanine. Alkylating agents exert their function through adding these alkyls adducts to DNA leading to cell death unless it is repaired by MGMT. MGMT promoter was found to be methylated in several malignancies. The aim of the present work is to study the relation of MGMT and ABCG2 promoter methylation status in advanced breast cancer patients to response to cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin (AC) based therapeutic regime. Methods This retrospective study included Forty-two female patients with advanced breast cancer assessed before receiving chemotherapy and after the completion of regimens. They were grouped into responders and non-responders according to RECIST criteria. Methylation analysis of MGMT and ABCG2 genes were performed on breast cancer tissues. Results MGMT promoter was methylated in 40.5% of the cases. ABCG2 promoter was methylated in 14.3% of cases. There was no statistically significant association between MGMT and ABCG2 promoter methylation status and clinicopathological parameters. There was statistically significant association between methylation status of both promoters and response to AC when followed by Taxane. Conclusion Methylation of MGMT and ABCG2 promoters combined could be a potential predictive factor for response to cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin based therapeutic regime.
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Yari H, Shabani S, Nafissi N, Majidzadeh T, Mahjoubi F. Investigation of promoter methylation patterns association with genes expression profile of ISL1, MGMT and DMNT3b in tissue of breast cancer patients. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:847-857. [PMID: 34997427 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cancer initiation and progression could influenced by both genetic and epigenetic events revealing of the overlap between epigenetic and genetic alteration can give important insights into cancer biology. METHODS AND RESULTS In this experiment ISL1, MGMT, DMNT3b genes were candidate to investigate both methylation status and expression profile by using methylation-specific PCR and real time PCR in 40 breast cancer patients, respectively, also we have assessed relation of the promoter methylation status and expression variation of the target genes. The mean level of methylation of ISL1 and MGMT in tumor tissues were significantly greater than normal tissues. In Contrast, DMNT3b gene was showed lower mean level of methylation in tumor tissue compared to normal tissues, however, this was not statistically significant. Relative expression analysis was displayed a significant reduction in expression level of ISL1 and MGMT in tumor tissues. Furthermore, there was a meaningful association between down expression of ISL1 with histological grade, Her2 and ER status. Moreover, MGMT down expression was significantly associated with tumor sizes. Any remarkable relation was not observed between DMNT3b expression level and clinic pathological features. At the end, significant relation between methylation status and expression level has been revealed. CONCLUSIONS In this study all observed results were exactly in line with the results were obtained from articles which were based on the methylation research and illustrate that the real-time PCR and methylation methods are in correlated with each other, furthermore, selected genes are capable to use as a potential biomarkers, however, more research on extended cases are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Yari
- Human Genetics Dept., Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Pajouhesh Blv, Tehran Karaj High Way, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Shabani
- Human Genetics Dept., Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Pajouhesh Blv, Tehran Karaj High Way, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Nafissi
- Surgery Department of General Surgery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Majidzadeh
- Human Genetics Dept., Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Pajouhesh Blv, Tehran Karaj High Way, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frouzandeh Mahjoubi
- Human Genetics Dept., Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Pajouhesh Blv, Tehran Karaj High Way, Tehran, Iran.
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Sahebnasagh A, Saghafi F, Negintaji S, Hu T, Shabani-Boroujeni M, Safdari M, Ghaleno HR, Miao L, Qi Y, Wang M, Liao P, Sureda A, Simal-Gándara J, Nabavi SM, Xiao J. Nitric Oxide and Immune Responses in Cancer: Searching for New Therapeutic Strategies. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1561-1595. [PMID: 34238142 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210707194543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in understanding the mysterious functions of nitric oxide (NO) and how this pleiotropic signaling molecule contributes to tumorigenesis. This review attempts to expose and discuss the information available on the immunomodulatory role of NO in cancer and recent approaches to the role of NO donors in the area of immunotherapy. To address the goal, the following databases were searched to identify relevant literature concerning empirical evidence: The Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE from 1980 through March 2020. Valuable attempts have been made to develop distinctive NO-based cancer therapy. Although the data do not allow generalization, the evidence seems to indicate that low / moderate levels may favor tumorigenesis while higher levels would exert anti-tumor effects. In this sense, the use of NO donors could have an important therapeutic potential within immunotherapy, although there are still no clinical trials. The emerging understanding of NO-regulated immune responses in cancer may help unravel the recent features of this "double-edged sword" in cancer physiological and pathologic processes and its potential use as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. In short, in this review, we discuss the complex cellular mechanism in which NO, as a pleiotropic signaling molecule, participates in cancer pathophysiology. We also debate the dual role of NO in cancer and tumor progression, and clinical approaches for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) based therapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Sahebnasagh
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Saghafi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sina Negintaji
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Tingyan Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mojtaba Shabani-Boroujeni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Safdari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hassan Rezai Ghaleno
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Lingchao Miao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yaping Qi
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road. Hong Kong, China
| | - Pan Liao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
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Hamadneh L, Abu-Irmaileh B, Al-Majawleh M, Bustanji Y, Jarrar Y, Al-Qirim T. Doxorubicin-paclitaxel sequential treatment: insights of DNA methylation and gene expression changes of luminal A and triple negative breast cancer cell lines. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3647-3654. [PMID: 34050450 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the significant causes of death among women diagnosed with cancer worldwide. Even though several chemotherapy combinations are still the primary treatment of breast cancer, unsuccessful treatments, and poor prognostic outcomes are still being reported. DNA methylation and gene expression changes among two breast cancer cell lines representing luminal A (MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) cancers were determined after sequential combination treatment of doxorubicin and paclitaxel and analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Promoter methylation changes were seen in different treated MCF-7 cells and accompanied by changes in the gene expression of CCNA1 and PTGS2. In MDA-MB-231 cells, the hypomethylation of ESR1 was not accompanied by an increase in its gene expression in any treated cells. The hypomethylation of GSTP1 and MGMT was accompanied by an increase in gene expression levels in the group treated with doxorubicin only. Also, significant downregulation of several genes like MUC1 and MKI67 in MCF-7 cells treated with doxorubicin showed much lower gene expression (- 37.63, - 10.88 folds) when compared with cells treated with paclitaxel (- 2.47, - 2.05 folds) or the combination treatment (- 18.99, - 2.81 folds), respectively. On the other hand, a synergistic effect on MMP9 gene expression was significantly seen in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with the combination (- 9.99 folds) in comparison with the cells treated with doxorubicin (- 3.62 folds) or paclitaxel (1.75 folds) alone. Chemotherapy combinations do not always augment the molecular changes seen in each drug alone, and these changes could be utilized as treatment response markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Hamadneh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan.
| | - Bashaer Abu-Irmaileh
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - May Al-Majawleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Yazun Jarrar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Tariq Al-Qirim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AL-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
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Akhlaghipour I, Bina AR, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. Methylation as a critical epigenetic process during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview. Genes Environ 2021; 43:14. [PMID: 33883026 PMCID: PMC8059047 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main health challenges and leading causes of deaths in the world. Various environmental and genetic risk factors are associated with tumorigenesis. Epigenetic deregulations are also important risk factors during tumor progression which are reversible transcriptional alterations without any genomic changes. Various mechanisms are involved in epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Cancer incidence and mortality have a growing trend during last decades among Iranian population which are significantly related to the late diagnosis. Therefore, it is required to prepare efficient molecular diagnostic panels for the early detection of cancer in this population. Promoter hyper methylation is frequently observed as an inhibitory molecular mechanism in various genes associated with DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis during tumor progression. Since aberrant promoter methylations have critical roles in early stages of neoplastic transformations, in present review we have summarized all of the aberrant methylations which have been reported during tumor progression among Iranian cancer patients. Aberrant promoter methylations are targetable and prepare novel therapeutic options for the personalized medicine in cancer patients. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive methylation specific panel of diagnostic markers for the early detection of cancer among Iranians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Bina
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Association between MGMT status and response to alkylating agents in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222307. [PMID: 32141507 PMCID: PMC7098124 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a specific DNA damage reversal repair protein. The influence of MGMT status on alkylating agent sensitivity in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the influence of MGMT status on the therapeutic sensitivity of alkylating agents in patients with NENs. Methods: We searched PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane library public databases through 3 July 2019. The objective response rate (ORR) was the outcome data of interest. Subgroup analysis was performed according based on MGMT methylation and expression of MGMT protein. Results: Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The proportion of patients with NENs that achieved an ORR after alkylating agent treatment was higher in the MGMT-deficient group than the non-deficient group (OR: 5.00; 95% CI: 3.04–8.22; P < 0.001; I2: 3%). Similar results were noted in the MGMT methylation and MGMT protein expression subgroups. Conclusion: Patients with NENs and MGMT methylation or low protein expression had a higher ORR proportion than patients without MGMT methylation or high protein expression. The MGMT status can be used as a biological indicator of the response to alkylating agent treatment in patients with NENs.
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MGMT promoter methylation in triple negative breast cancer of the GeparSixto trial. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238021. [PMID: 32841306 PMCID: PMC7446962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is typically treated with chemotherapeutic agents, including carboplatin (Cb), an DNA platinating agent. The O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase gene (MGMT) encodes for the protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase (MGMT protein). MGMT protein is involved in DNA repair mechanisms to remove mutagenic and cytotoxic adducts from O6-guanine in DNA. In glioblastoma multiforme, MGMT methylation status is a predictive biomarker for increased response to temozolomide therapy. It has been suggested, that MGMT protein may have relevance for cellular adaptation and could have an influence on resistance to carboplatin therapy. We investigated the influence of MGMT promoter methylation on pathologic complete response and survival of patients with TNBC treated in the neoadjuvant GeparSixto trial. In 174 of 210 available TNBC tumors a valid MGMT promoter methylation status was determined by pyrosequencing of 5 CpG islands. In 21.8%, we detected a mean MGMT promoter methylation >10%. Overall, MGMT promoter methylation was not significantly associated with pathological complete response (pCR) rate. After stratification for the two therapy arms with and without Cb no statistically significant differences in therapy response rates between the two MGMT promoter methylation groups could be observed. Our results show that different MGMT promoter methylation status is not related to different chemotherapy response rates in the TNBC setting in GeparSixto.
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Lou H, Li H, Huehn AR, Tarasova NI, Saleh B, Anderson SK, Dean M. Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of the Smoothened Gene (SMO) in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082219. [PMID: 32784501 PMCID: PMC7464114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is a key regulator of embryonic patterning, tissue regeneration, stem cell renewal, and cancer growth. The smoothened (SMO) protein regulates the HH signaling pathway and has demonstrated oncogenic activity. (2) Methods: To clarify the role of the HH signaling pathway in tumorigenesis, the expression profile of key HH signaling molecules, including SMO, PTCH1, GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3, were determined in 33 cancer cell lines and normal prostate cells and tissues. We performed a computational analysis of the upstream region of the SMO gene to identify the regulatory elements. (3) Results: Three potential CpG islands and several putative SMO promoter elements were identified. Luciferase reporter assays mapped key SMO promoter elements, and functional binding sites for SP1, AP1, CREB, and AP-2α transcription factors in the core SMO promoter region were confirmed. A hypermethylated SMO promoter was identified in several cancer cell lines suggesting an important role for epigenetic silencing of SMO expression in certain cancer cells. (4) Discussion: These results have important implications for our understanding of regulatory mechanisms controlling HH pathway activity and the molecular basis of SMO gene function. Moreover, this study may prove valuable for future research aimed at producing therapeutic downregulation of SMO expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lou
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Gaithersburg, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Hongchuan Li
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Andrew R. Huehn
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.R.H.); (N.I.T.); (B.S.)
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Nadya I. Tarasova
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.R.H.); (N.I.T.); (B.S.)
| | - Bahara Saleh
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.R.H.); (N.I.T.); (B.S.)
| | - Stephen K. Anderson
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.R.H.); (N.I.T.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.A.); (M.D.); Tel.: +1-301-846-1330 (S.K.A.); +1-240-760-6484 (M.D.); Fax: +1-301-846-1673 (S.K.A.); +1-301-402-3134 (M.D.)
| | - Michael Dean
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Gaithersburg, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: (S.K.A.); (M.D.); Tel.: +1-301-846-1330 (S.K.A.); +1-240-760-6484 (M.D.); Fax: +1-301-846-1673 (S.K.A.); +1-301-402-3134 (M.D.)
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12
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Demircan B, Yucel B, Radosevich JA. DNA Methylation in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines Adapted to High Nitric Oxide. In Vivo 2020; 34:169-176. [PMID: 31882476 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) exposure has been suggested to cause alterations in DNA methylation in breast cancer. We investigated the effect of NO on DNA methylation of promoters in cell lines of breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS The methylation status of the promoters of breast cancer 1 (BRCA1), deleted in colon cancer (DCC), Ras-association domain family 1A (RASSF1A), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), and secreted frizzled related protein 1 (SFRP1) were analyzed in the parental and high nitric oxide-adapted cell lines of breast cancer using Illumina MiSequencing. RESULTS Methylation of RASSF1A promoter in BT-20-HNO (74.7%) was significantly higher than that in BT-20 cells (72%) (p<0.05), whereas in MCF-7-HNO cells, methylation of MGMT promoter was found to have significantly decreased as compared to its parental cell line (45.1% versus 50.1%; p<0.0001). Promoter methylation of SFRP and DCC was elevated in T-47D-HNO relative to its parent cell line (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Similarly to the double-edged effects of NO on tumorigenesis, its epigenetic effects through DNA methylation are diverse and contradictory in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Demircan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Yucel
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - James A Radosevich
- Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
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13
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Lin D, Xiao Y, Huang B, Wu X, Chen C, Liang Y, Zeng D. O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase is a favorable biomarker with proliferation suppressive potential in Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:6326-6336. [PMID: 33033516 PMCID: PMC7532496 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a highly effective enzyme capable of repairing DNA damage to maintain genomic stability. Until recently, reports on the expression and potential role of MGMT in breast cancer remain controversial. This study is intended to elucidate the prognostic significance and potential function of MGMT in breast cancer. Materials and methods: The immunohistochemistry assay and a series of public databases were utilized to determine the relevance between MGMT expression and clinicopathological characteristics, as well as survival outcomes in patients with breast cancer. The western blotting, qRT-PCR, proliferation, colony formation and transwell assays were used to investigate the potential function of MGMT in breast cancer cells. Results: The immunohistochemistry analysis and public cancer databases exploration demonstrated that MGMT expression was significantly related to estrogen receptor (ER) positivity in breast cancer. Positive expression of MGMT predicts a longer distant-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer, especially in ER-positive tumor. The mRNA level of MGMT was significantly associated with those of ESR1, GATA3 and FOXA1 in ER-positive breast tumor. Down-regulation of MGMT expression enhanced the proliferative and invasive capacities of breast cancer cells through PTEN/AKT pathway. Conclusions: MGMT is a favorable biomarker with proliferation suppressive potential in ER-positive breast cancer. Future study on targeted modulation of MGMT in the treatment of breast cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danxia Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
| | - Yingsheng Xiao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, No. 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
| | - Binliang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinlin Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
| | - Chunfa Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
- The Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
| | - Yuanke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Dr. De Zeng, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515031, PR China. Fax: (+86) 0754-88555844; Tel.: (+86) 0754-88900232; E-mail:
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14
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Brunetti M, Panagopoulos I, Micci F, Davidson B. MGMT
promoter methylation is a rare epigenetic change in malignant effusions. Cytopathology 2019; 31:12-15. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Brunetti
- Section for Cancer CytogeneticsInstitute for Cancer Genetics and InformaticsThe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Department of PathologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Ioannis Panagopoulos
- Section for Cancer CytogeneticsInstitute for Cancer Genetics and InformaticsThe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Francesca Micci
- Section for Cancer CytogeneticsInstitute for Cancer Genetics and InformaticsThe Norwegian Radium HospitalOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Ben Davidson
- Department of PathologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Oslo Oslo Norway
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15
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Huang J, Luo JY, Tan HZ. Associations of MGMT promoter hypermethylation with squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical carcinoma: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222772. [PMID: 31574102 PMCID: PMC6772039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this research, an meta-analysis was performed for assessment of the associations between O6-methyguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter hypermethylation possessing low-grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), cervical cancer (CC), and clinicopathological characters of CC. Methods Literature selection were conducted through searching PubMed, Web of science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases (up to November 2018). An assessment of associations between MGMT methylation and LSIL, HSIL, CC risk and clinicopathological characteristics was performed through pooled odds ratios (ORs) with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses, meta-regressions and Galbraith plots were conducted to conduct an exploration on the possible sources of heterogeneity. The genome-wide DNA methylation array studies were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases for validation of these outcomes. Results In this meta-analysis of 25 published articles, MGMT hypermethylation gradually elevated the rates among control group (12.16%), LSIL (20.92%), HSIL (36.33%) and CC (41.50%) specimens. MGMT promoter methylation was significant associated with the increased risk of LSIL by 1.74-fold (P<0.001), HSIL by 3.71-fold (P<0.001) and CC by 7.08-fold (P<0.001) compared with control. A significant association between MGMT promoter methylation with FIGO stage was also found (OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.79–4.41, p<0.001). The results of GEO datasets showed that 5 CpG sites in MGMT with a great diagnostic value for the screening of cervical cancer. Conclusion The meta-analysis indicated the association between MGMT promoter hypermethylation and squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer. MGMT methylation detection might have a potential value to be an epigenetic marker for the clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia-You Luo
- Department of Women and Children Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Bouras E, Karakioulaki M, Bougioukas KI, Aivaliotis M, Tzimagiorgis G, Chourdakis M. Gene promoter methylation and cancer: An umbrella review. Gene 2019; 710:333-340. [PMID: 31202904 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gene promoter methylation is a common epigenetic event, taking place in the early phase of tumorigenesis, which has a great potential as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker. In this umbrella review, we provide an overview on the association between gene-promoter methylation of protein-coding genes and cancer risk based on currently available meta-analyses data on gene promoter methylation. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for meta-analyses that examine the association between gene-promoter methylation and cancer, published until January 2019 in English. We used AMSTAR to assess the quality of the included studies and applied a set of pre-specified criteria to evaluate the magnitude of each association. We provide a comprehensive overview of 80 unique combinations between 22 different genes and 18 cancer outcomes, all of which indicated a positive association between promoter hypermethylation and cancer. In total, the 70 meta-analyses produced significant results under a random-effects model with odds ratios that ranged from 1.94 to 26.60, with the summary effect being in favor of the unmethylated group in all cases. Three of the strong evidence associations involve RASSF1 methylation on bladder cancer risk (OR = 18.46; 95% CI: 12.69-26.85; I2 = 0%), MGMT methylation on NSCLC (OR = 4.25; 95% CI: 2.83-6.38; I2 = 22.4%) and RARB methylation on prostate cancer (OR = 6.87; 95% CI: 4.68-10.08; I2 = 0%). Meta-analyses showed a moderate quality, AMSTAR score ranging from 4 to 9 (Mdn = 8; IQR: 7.0 to 8.0). As primary studies and meta-analyses on the subject accumulate, more genetic loci may be found to be highly associated with specific cancer types and hence the biomarker sets will become wider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Bouras
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Meropi Karakioulaki
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Bougioukas
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michalis Aivaliotis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece; Functional Proteomics and Systems Biology (FunPATh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece; Genomics and Epigenomics Translational Research (GENeTres), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Tzimagiorgis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Functional Proteomics and Systems Biology (FunPATh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece; Genomics and Epigenomics Translational Research (GENeTres), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
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17
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Prospective molecular mechanism of COL5A1 in breast cancer based on a microarray, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:151-175. [PMID: 31059074 PMCID: PMC6549075 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has a complex etiology and pathogenesis, and is the most common malignant tumor type in females, in USA in 2018, yet its relevant molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The collagen type V α-1 chain (COL5A1) gene is differentially expressed in renal and ovarian cancer. Using bioinformatics methods, COL5A1 was determined to also be a significant gene in BC, but its association with BC has not been sufficiently reported. COL5A1 microarray and relevant clinical data were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus, The Cancer Genome Atlas and other databases to summarize COL5A1 expression in BC and its subtypes at the mRNA and protein levels. All associated information was comprehensively analyzed by various software. The clinical significance of the mutation was obtained via the cBioPortal. Furthermore, Gene Ontology functional annotation and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were also performed to investigate the mechanism of COL5A1 in BC. Immunohistochemistry was also conducted to detect and confirm COL5A1 expression. It was determined that COL5A1 was highly expressed in BC tissues, compared with normal tissues at the mRNA level [standard mean difference, 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60-1.07; P=0.108]. The area under the summary receiver operator characteristic curve for COL5A1 was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84-0.90). COL5A1 expression was altered in 32/817 (4%) sequenced samples. KEGG analysis confirmed the most notable pathways, including focal adhesion, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Immunohistochemical detection was used to verify the expression of COL5A1 in 136 selected cases of invasive BC tissues and 55 cases of adjacent normal tissues, while the rate of high expression of COL5A1 in BC was up to 90.4%. These results indicated that COL5A1 is highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in BC, and the prognosis of patients with BC with high COL5A1 expression may be reduced; therefore, COL5A1 may be used independently or combined with other detection factors in BC diagnosis.
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18
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Paydar P, Asadikaram G, Nejad HZ, Akbari H, Abolhassani M, Moazed V, Nematollahi MH, Ebrahimi G, Fallah H. Epigenetic modulation of BRCA-1 and MGMT genes, and histones H4 and H3 are associated with breast tumors. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13726-13736. [PMID: 30938887 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant patterns in promoter methylation of tumor-suppressor genes and posttranslational modifications of histone proteins are considered as major features of malignancy. In this study, we aimed to investigate promoter methylation of three tumor-suppressor genes (BRCA-1, MGMT, and P16) and three histone marks (H3K9ac, H3K18ac, and H4K20me3) in patients with breast tumors. This case-control study included 27 patients with malignant breast tumors (MBT) and 31 patients with benign breast tumors (BBT). The methylation-specific PCR was used for determining promoter methylation of BRCA-1, MGMT, and P16 genes. Western blot analysis was performed to detect histone lysine acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K18ac) and lysine methylation (H4K20me3). BRCA-1 promoter methylation was detected in 44.4% of the MBT whereas this alteration was found in 9.7% of BBT (P = 0.005). The Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that hypermethylation in BRCA-1 promoter was significantly associated with poor overall survival of patients with breast cancer (P = 0.039). MGMT promoter methylation was identified in 18.5% of MBT and 0.0% of the BBT (P = 0.01). The frequency of P16 promoter methylation was 25.8% in BBT and 11.1% in MBT (P = 0.12). As compared with BBT, MBT samples displayed the aberrant patterns of histones marks with hypomethylation of H4K20 and hypoacetylation of H3K18 (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively). There was a negative significant correlation between H3K9ac levels and tumor size in MBT group (r = -0.672; P = 0.008). The present findings suggest that promoter hypermethylation of MGMT and BRCA-1 genes along with alterations in H3K18ac and H4K20me3 levels may have prognostic values in patients with breast cancer. Moreover, the detection of these epigenetic modifications in breast tumors could be helpful in finding new methods for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Paydar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Asadikaram
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Zeynali Nejad
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamed Akbari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Abolhassani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Moazed
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ebrahimi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Feng L, Jin F. Screening of differentially methylated genes in breast cancer and risk model construction based on TCGA database. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6407-6416. [PMID: 30405777 PMCID: PMC6202521 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentially methylated genes in breast cancer were screened out and a prognostic risk model of breast cancer was constructed. RNA-seq data and methylation data for breast cancer-related level 3 were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and MethylMix R package was used to screen out differentially methylated genes in cancer tissues and normal tissues. DAVID was used to analyze the GO enrichment of differentially methylated genes, ConsensusPathDB to analyze the PATHWAY pathways of differentially methylated genes, the single factor, multivariate Cox analysis and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to construct the prognostic risk model of breast cancer, and the ROC curve to judge the clinical application value of the risk model. Two hundred and fifty-seven differentially methylated genes were successfully screened out in cancer tissues and normal tissues; 39 related to GO enrichments and 19 related to PATHWAY pathways were found; the best prognostic risk model was obtained, risk score = QRFP (degree of methylation) × (−3.657) + S100A16 × (−3.378) + TDRD1 × (−4.001) + SMO × (3.548); it was determined from each sample that the median value of the risk score was 0.936; using it as the cut-off value, the five-year survival rate in high-risk group of patients was 72.4% (95% CI, 62.7–83.6%), and that in low-risk group of patients was 86.6% (95% CI, 78.6–95.3%). The difference in the survival rate between the high-risk and low-risk groups was significant (P<0.001). The AUC of ROC curve was 0.791, so the model had a good clinical application value. This study successfully found multiple breast cancer-related methylation genes, the relationship between them and the course and prognosis of breast cancer was analyzed. Moreover, a prognostic risk model was constructed, which facilitated the expansion of the current study on the role of methylation in the occurrence and development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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20
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Ye P, Shi Y, An N, Zhou Q, Guo J, Long X. miR-145 overexpression triggers alteration of the whole transcriptome and inhibits breast cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:72-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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