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Wei J, Zhu X, Sun AY, Yan X, Meng X, Ge S. Long non-coding RNA FGD5 antisense RNA 1 targets Baculovirus inhibitor 5 via microRNA-497-5p to alleviate calcific aortic valve disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 86:285-302. [PMID: 37355887 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is featured by thickening and calcification of the aortic valve. Osteoblast differentiation is a crucial step in valve calcification. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) participate in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal cells. However, the character of lncRNA FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5-AS1) in CAVD is uncertain. After collection of human aortic valve tissue samples, detection of FGD5-AS1, microRNA (miR)-497-5p and Baculovirus inhibitor 5 (BIRC5) was conducted. Valve mesenchymal cells were isolated from CAVD patients and induced to differentiate to osteoblasts, and transfected with FGD5-AS1, miR-497-5p and BIRC5 plasmids. Detection of the alkaline phosphatase activity was after osteogenic induction of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hAVICs); Detection of the degree of calcium nodules and osteoblast differentiation markers (RUNX2 and OPN) was conducted. After establishment of a mouse model of CAVD, detection of the thickness of aortic valve leaflets, and the degree of calcification of the valve leaflets, and evaluation of echocardiographic parameters were implemented. Experimental data manifested in CAVD patients, lncRNAFGD5-AS1 and BIRC5 were reduced, but miR-497-5p was elevated; Enhancing lncRNA FGD5-AS1 or repressing miR-497-5p mitigated CAVD by restraining osteogenic differentiation; LncRNA FGD5-AS1 sponged miR-497-5p to target BIRC5; Repressive BIRC5 turned around the therapeutic action of elevated FGD5-AS1 or depressed miR-497-5p on hAVICs; Enhancive FGD5-AS1 in vivo was available to reduce ApoE-/- mouse CAVD induced via high cholesterol diet. All in all, lncRNAFGD5-AS1 targets BIRC5 via miR-497-5p to alleviate CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - XueShuang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - AYu Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - XiaoTian Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xing Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Shenglin Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Chu H, Fan X, Zhang Z, Han L. miR-199a-5p inhibits aortic valve calcification by targeting ATF6 and GRP78 in valve interstitial cells. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230777. [PMID: 37693833 PMCID: PMC10487378 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is an important cause of disease burden among aging populations. Excessive active endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was demonstrated to promote CAVD. The expression level of miR-199a-5p in patients with CAVD was reported to be downregulated. In this article, we aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of miR-199a-5p in CAVD. The expression level of miR-199a-5p and ERS markers was identified in calcific aortic valve samples and osteogenic induction by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and western blotting (WB). Alizarin red staining, RT-qPCR, and WB were used for the verification of the function of miR-199a-5p. The dual luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiment were conducted to illuminate the mechanism of miR-199a-5p. In our study, the expression level of miR-199a-5p was significantly decreased in calcified aortic valves and valve interstitial cells' (VICs) osteogenic induction model, accompanying with the upregulation of ERS markers. Overexpression of miR-199a-5p suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of VICs, while downregulation of miR-199a-5p promoted this function. 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), both of which were pivotal modulators in ERS, were potential targets of miR-199a-5p. miR-199a-5p directly targeted GRP78 and ATF6 to modulate osteoblastic differentiation of VICs. miR-199a-5p inhibits osteogenic differentiation of VICs by regulating ERS via targeting GRP78 and ATF6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Chu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - XingLi Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), No. 1 Jiaozhou Road, Shibei District,, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai200433, China
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Krauze A, Procyk G, Gąsecka A, Garstka-Pacak I, Wrzosek M. The Role of MicroRNAs in Aortic Stenosis-Lessons from Recent Clinical Research Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13095. [PMID: 37685901 PMCID: PMC10487683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most prevalent primary valve lesion demanding intervention. Two main treatment options are surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation. There is an unmet need for biomarkers that could predict treatment outcomes and become a helpful tool in guiding Heart Team in the decision-making process. Micro-ribonucleic acids (microRNAs/miRs) have emerged as potential biomarkers thoroughly studied in recent years. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge about the role of miRNAs in AS based on human subject research. Much research investigating miRNAs' role in AS has been conducted so far. We included 32 original human subject research relevant to the discussed field. Most of the presented miRNAs were studied only by a single research group. Nevertheless, several miRNAs appeared more than once, sometimes with high consistency between different studies but sometimes with apparent discrepancies. The molecular aspects of diseases are doubtlessly exciting and provide invaluable insights into the pathophysiology. Nevertheless, translating these findings, regarding biomarkers such as miRNAs, into clinical practice requires much effort, time, and further research with a focus on validating existing evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krauze
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.G.-P.)
| | - Grzegorz Procyk
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Izabela Garstka-Pacak
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.G.-P.)
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.G.-P.)
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Xiao F, Pan H, Yang D, Wang R, Wu B, Shao Y, Zhou B. Identification of TNFα-mediated inflammation as potential pathological marker and therapeutic target for calcification progress of congenital bicuspid aortic valve. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 951:175783. [PMID: 37172927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Congenital bicuspid aortic valve (cBAV) develops calcification and stenotic obstruction early compared with degenerative tricuspid aortic valve (dTAV), which requires surgical intervention. Here we report a comparative study of patients with cBAV or dTAV to identify risk factors associated with the rapid development of calcified bicuspid valves. METHODS A total of 69 aortic valves (24 dTAV and 45 cBAV) were collected at the time of surgical aortic valve replacement for comparative clinical characteristics. Ten samples were randomly selected from each group for histology, pathology, and inflammatory factors expression and comparison analyses. OM-induced calcification in porcine aortic valve interstitial cell cultures were prepared for illustrating the underlying molecular mechanisms about calcification progress of cBAV and dTAV. RESULTS We found that cBAV patients have increased cases of aortic valve stenosis compared with dTAV patients. Histopathological examinations revealed increased collagens deposition, neovascularization and infiltrations by inflammatory cells, especially T-lymphocytes and macrophages. We identified that tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and its regulated inflammatory cytokines are upregulated in cBAV. Further in vitro study indicated that TNFα-NFκB and TNFα-GSK3β pathway accelerate aortic valve interstitial cells calcification, while inhibition of TNFα significantly delays this process. CONCLUSION The finding of intensified TNFα-mediated inflammation in the pathological cBAV advocates the inhibition of TNFα as a potential treatment for patients with cBAV by alleviating the progress of inflammation-induced valve damage and calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China.
| | - Haotian Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Ruxing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Bingruo Wu
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics and Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Yongfeng Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics and Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
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Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of First-Trimester Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the Absence of Other Pregnancy-Related Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810635. [PMID: 36142536 PMCID: PMC9501303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the diagnostic potential of cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs for the early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in singleton pregnancies of Caucasian descent in the absence of other pregnancy-related complications. Whole peripheral venous blood samples were collected within 10 to 13 weeks of gestation. This retrospective study involved all pregnancies diagnosed with only GDM (n = 121) and 80 normal term pregnancies selected with regard to equality of sample storage time. Gene expression of 29 microRNAs was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of 11 microRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p) was observed in pregnancies destinated to develop GDM. Combined screening of all 11 dysregulated microRNAs showed the highest accuracy for the early identification of pregnancies destinated to develop GDM. This screening identified 47.93% of GDM pregnancies at a 10.0% false positive rate (FPR). The predictive model for GDM based on aberrant microRNA expression profile was further improved via the implementation of clinical characteristics (maternal age and BMI at early stages of gestation and an infertility treatment by assisted reproductive technology). Following this, 69.17% of GDM pregnancies were identified at a 10.0% FPR. The effective prediction model specifically for severe GDM requiring administration of therapy involved using a combination of these three clinical characteristics and three microRNA biomarkers (miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, and miR-195-5p). This model identified 78.95% of cases at a 10.0% FPR. The effective prediction model for GDM managed by diet only required the involvement of these three clinical characteristics and eight microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p). With this, the model identified 50.50% of GDM pregnancies managed by diet only at a 10.0% FPR. When other clinical variables such as history of miscarriage, the presence of trombophilic gene mutations, positive first-trimester screening for preeclampsia and/or fetal growth restriction by the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm, and family history of diabetes mellitus in first-degree relatives were included in the GDM prediction model, the predictive power was further increased at a 10.0% FPR (72.50% GDM in total, 89.47% GDM requiring therapy, and 56.44% GDM managed by diet only). Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising early biomarkers to be implemented into routine first-trimester screening programs with a very good predictive potential for GDM.
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Zheng R, Zhu P, Gu J, Ni B, Sun H, He K, Bian J, Shao Y, Du J. Transcription factor Sp2 promotes TGFB-mediated interstitial cell osteogenic differentiation in bicuspid aortic valves through a SMAD-dependent pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 411:112972. [PMID: 34914964 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Calcification of the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) involves differential expression of various RNA genes, which is achieved through complex regulatory networks that are controlled in part by transcription factors and microRNAs. We previously found that miR-195-5p regulates the osteogenic differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) by targeting the TGF-β pathway. However, the transcriptional regulation of miR-195-5p in calcified BAV patients is not yet clear. In this study, stenotic aortic valve tissues from patients with BAVs and tricuspid aortic valves (TAVs) were collected. Candidate transcription factors of miR-195-5p were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and tested in diseased valves and in male porcine VICs. SP2 gene expression and the corresponding protein levels in BAV were significantly lower than those in TAV, and a low SP2 expression level environment in VICs resulted in remarkable increases in RNA expression levels of RUNX2, BMP2, collagen 1, MMP2, and MMP9 and the corresponding proteins. ChIP assays revealed that SP2 directly bound to the transcription promoter region of miR-195-5p. Cotransfection of SP2 shRNA and a miR-195-5p mimic in porcine VICs demonstrated that SP2 repressed SMAD7 expression via miR-195-5p, while knockdown of SP2 increased the mRNA expression of SMAD7 and the corresponding protein and attenuated Smad 2/3 expression. Immunofluorescence staining of diseased valves confirmed that the functional proteins of osteogenesis differentiation, including RUNX2, BMP2, collagen 1, and osteocalcin, were overexpressed in BAVs. In Conclusion, the transcription factor Sp2 is expressed at low levels in VICs from BAV patients, which has a negative impact on miR-195-5p expression by binding its promoter region and partially promotes calcification through a SMAD-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Jiaxi Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Buqing Ni
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Haoliang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Keshuai He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Jinhui Bian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Yongfeng Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
| | - Junjie Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
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Jia H, Kang L, Ma Z, Lu S, Huang B, Wang C, Zou Y, Sun Y. MicroRNAs involve in bicuspid aortic aneurysm: pathogenesis and biomarkers. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:230. [PMID: 34384454 PMCID: PMC8359579 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) is high in the whole population, BAV-related thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is accompanied by many adverse vascular events. So far, there are two key points in dealing with BAV-related TAA. First is fully understanding on its pathogenesis. Second is optimizing surgical intervention time. This review aims to illustrate the potential role of miRNAs in both aspects, that is, how miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of BAV-related TAA, and the feasibilities of miRNAs as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jia
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Central Laboratory of Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Lu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Central Laboratory of Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1069 Xietu Road, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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de Ceuninck van Capelle C, Spit M, Ten Dijke P. Current perspectives on inhibitory SMAD7 in health and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:691-715. [PMID: 33081543 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1828260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family members play an extensive role in cellular communication that orchestrates both early development and adult tissue homeostasis. Aberrant TGF-β family signaling is associated with a pathological outcome in numerous diseases, and in-depth understanding of molecular and cellular processes could result in therapeutic benefit for patients. Canonical TGF-β signaling is mediated by receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs), a single co-mediator SMAD (Co-SMAD), and inhibitory SMADs (I-SMADs). SMAD7, one of the I-SMADs, is an essential negative regulator of the pleiotropic TGF-β and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways. In a negative feedback loop, SMAD7 inhibits TGF-β signaling by providing competition for TGF-β type-1 receptor (TβRI), blocking phosphorylation and activation of SMAD2. Moreover, SMAD7 recruits E3 ubiquitin SMURF ligases to the type I receptor to promote ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. In addition to its role in TGF-β and BMP signaling, SMAD7 is regulated by and implicated in a variety of other signaling pathways and functions as a mediator of crosstalk. This review is focused on SMAD7, its function in TGF-β and BMP signaling, and its role as a downstream integrator and crosstalk mediator. This crucial signaling molecule is tightly regulated by various mechanisms. We provide an overview of the ways by which SMAD7 is regulated, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Finally, we discuss its role in diseases, such as cancer, fibrosis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maureen Spit
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Sun W, Qu L. Upregulation of microRNA-195 might be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of aortic valve calcification. Int J Cardiol 2020; 322:206. [PMID: 32920070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Lulu Qu
- Department of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Liaocheng 252000, PR China.
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Santos-Faria J, Gavina C, Rodrigues P, Coelho J, da Costa Martins P, Leite-Moreira A, Falcão-Pires I. MicroRNAs and ventricular remodeling in aortic stenosis. Rev Port Cardiol 2020; 39:377-387. [PMID: 32682570 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Several mechanisms contribute to myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in aortic stenosis (AS). MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional modulators of such processes. We hypothesized that their expression in myocardial biopsies from patients with AS could be linked with the degree of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and remodeling and to plasma levels of important biomarkers of extracellular matrix turnover. METHODS We performed myocardial biopsies in eleven patients with isolated severe AS undergoing aortic valve replacement. Echocardiographic exams and biomarker quantification were also performed. Five explanted hearts were used as controls for microRNA expression. RESULTS Overexpression of microRNA-101-3p was found in AS, which correlated with higher levels of preoperative valvuloarterial impedance, angiotensin II receptor and angiotensin-converting enzyme, and LV mass regression after surgery. Although not differently expressed in AS compared to controls, both upregulation of miR-4268 and downregulation of microRNA-125-5p were associated with higher LV mass. MicroRNA-125b-5p correlated negatively with LV mass and with relative wall thickness at six-month follow-up. MicroRNA-4268 correlated positively with LV mass regression and was associated with higher plasma angiotensin II receptor levels. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-101-3p and microRNA-4268 have potential new roles in the modulation of the hypertrophic response to AS via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and as predictors of reverse remodeling after aortic valve replacement. Our results open new avenues in the understanding of myocardial response to pressure overload and of reverse remodeling after unloading. They also support the possibility of medical therapy to modulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertrophic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Gavina
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Pedro Hispano - Unidade de Saúde Local de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Coelho
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula da Costa Martins
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
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Santos-Faria J, Gavina C, Rodrigues P, Coelho J, da Costa Martins P, Leite-Moreira A, Falcão-Pires I. MicroRNAs and ventricular remodeling in aortic stenosis. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Substantially Altered Expression Profile of Diabetes/Cardiovascular/Cerebrovascular Disease Associated microRNAs in Children Descending from Pregnancy Complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-One of Several Possible Reasons for an Increased Cardiovascular Risk. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061557. [PMID: 32604801 PMCID: PMC7349356 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the major pregnancy-related complications, characterized as a transitory form of diabetes induced by insulin resistance accompanied by a low/absent pancreatic beta-cell compensatory adaptation to the increased insulin demand, causes the acute, long-term, and transgenerational health complications. The aim of the study was to assess if alterations in gene expression of microRNAs associated with diabetes/cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases are present in whole peripheral blood of children aged 3-11 years descending from GDM complicated pregnancies. A substantially altered microRNA expression profile was found in children descending from GDM complicated pregnancies. Almost all microRNAs with the exception of miR-92a-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-210-3p were upregulated. The microRNA expression profile also differed between children after normal and GDM complicated pregnancies in relation to the presence of overweight/obesity, prehypertension/hypertension, and/or valve problems and heart defects. Always, screening based on the combination of microRNAs was superior over using individual microRNAs, since at 10.0% false positive rate it was able to identify a large proportion of children with an aberrant microRNA expression profile (88.14% regardless of clinical findings, 75.41% with normal clinical findings, and 96.49% with abnormal clinical findings). In addition, the higher incidence of valve problems and heart defects was found in children with a prior exposure to GDM. The extensive file of predicted targets of all microRNAs aberrantly expressed in children descending from GDM complicated pregnancies indicates that a large group of these genes is involved in ontologies of diabetes/cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. In general, children with a prior exposure to GDM are at higher risk of later development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, and would benefit from dispensarisation as well as implementation of primary prevention strategies.
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Yang L, Wu D, Li M, Zhu X, Tian Y, Chen Z, Li M, Zhang H, Liang D. Upregulation of microRNA-195 ameliorates calcific aortic valve disease by inhibiting VWF via suppression of the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Cardiol 2020; 309:101-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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14
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Gupta SK, Kumari S, Singh S, Barthwal MK, Singh SK, Thum T. Non-coding RNAs: Regulators of valvular calcification. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 142:14-23. [PMID: 32247640 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is currently a growing global burden of valvular heart diseases due to aging populations and changing lifestyles. Valvular heart diseases mainly include the malfunctioning of aortic and mitral valves and are characterized by extensive tissue remodeling, which includes calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition. These valvular remodeling processes are known to be regulated by protein-coding genes as well as non-coding genes. Here, we have summarized studies highlighting the non-coding RNA mediated regulation of valvular tissue remodeling and their potential therapeutic benefits. Additionally, studies investigating the diagnostic capability of circulating non-coding RNA molecules in valvular diseases are also summarized. Overall, of the various candidates, several studies have highlighted miR-214 and miR-204 as central regulators of valvular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kumar Gupta
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| | - Sunaina Kumari
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Sushil Kumar Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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15
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Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Mothers with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Based on Postpartal Expression Profile of MicroRNAs Associated with Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072437. [PMID: 32244558 PMCID: PMC7177375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mothers with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of developing diabetes in the future and a lifelong cardiovascular risk. Postpartal expression profile of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease associated microRNAs was assessed 3–11 years after the delivery in whole peripheral blood of young and middle-aged mothers with a prior exposure to GDM with the aim to identify a high-risk group of mothers at risk of later development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases who would benefit from implementation of early primary prevention strategies and long-term follow-up. The hypothesis of the assessment of cardiovascular risk in women was based on the knowledge that a series of microRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. Abnormal expression profile of multiple microRNAs was found in women with a prior exposure to GDM (miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-499a-5p, and-miR-574-3p). Postpartal combined screening of miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-499a-5p showed the highest accuracy for the identification of mothers with a prior exposure to GDM at a higher risk of later development of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases (AUC 0.900, p < 0.001, sensitivity 77.48%, specificity 93.26%, cut off >0.611270413). It was able to identify 77.48% mothers with an increased cardiovascular risk at 10.0% FPR. Any of changes in epigenome (upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-195-5p) that were induced by GDM-complicated pregnancy are long-acting and may predispose mothers affected with GDM to later development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, novel epigenetic changes (upregulation of serious of microRNAs) appeared in a proportion of women that were exposed to GDM throughout the postpartal life. Likewise, a previous occurrence of either GH, PE, and/or FGR, as well as a previous occurrence of GDM, is associated with the upregulation of miR-1-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-499a-5p. On the other hand, upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p represents a unique feature of aberrant expression profile of women with a prior exposure to GDM. Screening of particular microRNAs may stratify a high-risk group of mothers with a history of GDM who might benefit from implementation of early primary prevention strategies.
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16
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Interstitial cells in calcified aortic valves have reduced differentiation potential and stem cell-like properties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12934. [PMID: 31506459 PMCID: PMC6736931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Valve interstitial cells (VICs) are crucial in the development of calcific aortic valve disease. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the phenotype, differentiation potential and stem cell-like properties of cells from calcified and healthy aortic valves. VICs were isolated from human healthy and calcified aortic valves. Calcification was induced with osteogenic medium. Unlike VICs from healthy valves, VICs from calcified valves cultured without osteogenic medium stained positively for calcium deposits with Alizarin Red confirming their calcific phenotype. Stimulation of VICs from calcified valves with osteogenic medium increased calcification (p = 0.02), but not significantly different from healthy VICs. When stimulated with myofibroblastic medium, VICs from calcified valves had lower expression of myofibroblastic markers, measured by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR, compared to healthy VICs. Contraction of collagen gel (a measure of myofibroblastic activity) was attenuated in cells from calcified valves (p = 0.04). Moreover, VICs from calcified valves, unlike cells from healthy valves had lower potential to differentiate into adipogenic pathway and lower expression of stem cell-associated markers CD106 (p = 0.04) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (p = 0.04). In conclusion, VICs from calcified aortic have reduced multipotency compared to cells from healthy valves, which should be considered when investigating possible medical treatments of aortic valve calcification.
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17
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Sabatino J, Wicik Z, De Rosa S, Eyileten C, Jakubik D, Spaccarotella C, Mongiardo A, Postula M, Indolfi C. MicroRNAs fingerprint of bicuspid aortic valve. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 134:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Pulignani S, Borghini A, Andreassi MG. microRNAs in bicuspid aortic valve associated aortopathy: Recent advances and future perspectives. J Cardiol 2019; 74:297-303. [PMID: 31230901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The risk of acute aortic events in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) constitutes a medical concern in terms of timing and surgical decision. During the past years, there has been a growing interest in the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as crucial epigenetic factors in multiple cellular processes associated with BAV aortopathy. Nevertheless, there are still challenges that need to be overcome before miRNAs could enter clinical practice, and further validation studies in larger and well-defined BAV cohorts are now required. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the available data on the expression profiles and function of specific miRNAs in BAV aortopathy, evaluating miRNA signatures as potential molecular markers of disease. We also discuss the role of other novel classes of non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, in BAV-associated aortopathy, mainly regarding their possible implementation as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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19
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Balistreri CR, Forte M, Greco E, Paneni F, Cavarretta E, Frati G, Sciarretta S. An overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying development and progression of bicuspid aortic valve disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:146-153. [PMID: 31103478 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital heart malformation frequently associated with the development of aortic valve diseases and severe aortopathy, such as aortic dilatation, aneurysm and dissection. To date, different genetic loci have been identified in syndromic and non- syndromic forms of BAV. Among these, genes involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix remodelling, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and nitric oxide metabolism appear to be the main contributors to BAV pathogenesis. However, no- single gene model explains BAV inheritance, suggesting that more factors are simultaneously involved. In this regard, characteristic epigenetic and immunological profiles have been documented to contradistinguish BAV individuals. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview addressing molecular mechanisms involved in BAV development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | | | - Ernesto Greco
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological, and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland; University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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20
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Dvorakova L, Krofta L, Sirc J. Postnatal Expression Profile of microRNAs Associated with Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases in Children at the Age of 3 to 11 Years in Relation to Previous Occurrence of Pregnancy-Related Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030654. [PMID: 30717412 PMCID: PMC6387366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Children descending from pregnancies complicated by gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE) or fetal growth restriction (FGR) have a lifelong cardiovascular risk. The aim of the study was to verify if pregnancy complications induce postnatal alterations in gene expression of microRNAs associated with cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. Twenty-nine microRNAs were assessed in peripheral blood, compared between groups, and analyzed in relation to both aspects, the current presence of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular complications and the previous occurrence of pregnancy complications with regard to the clinical signs, dates of delivery, and Doppler ultrasound examination. The expression profile of miR-21-5p differed between controls and children with a history of uncomplicated pregnancies with abnormal clinical findings. Abnormal expression profile of multiple microRNAs was found in children affected with GH (miR-1-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, and miR-342-3p), PE (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-342-3p), and FGR (miR-17-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-133a-3p). The index of pulsatility in the ductus venosus showed a strong positive correlation with miR-210-3p gene expression in children exposed to PE and/or FGR. Any of changes in epigenome (up-regulation of miR-1-3p and miR-133a-3p) that were induced by pregnancy complications are long-acting and may predispose children affected with GH, PE, or FGR to later development of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. Novel epigenetic changes (aberrant expression profile of microRNAs) appeared in a proportion of children that were exposed to GH, PE, or FGR. Screening of particular microRNAs may stratify a highly risky group of children that might benefit from implementation of early primary prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Dvorakova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14700 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Sirc
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14700 Prague, Czech Republic.
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21
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Liu T, Xie M, Lv Q, Li Y, Fang L, Zhang L, Deng W, Wang J. Bicuspid Aortic Valve: An Update in Morphology, Genetics, Biomarker, Complications, Imaging Diagnosis and Treatment. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1921. [PMID: 30761020 PMCID: PMC6363677 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The bicuspid aortic valve, a kind of heart disease that comes from parents, has been paid attention around the world. Although most bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients will suffer from some complications including aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, endocarditis, and heart dysfunction in the late stage of the disease, there is none symptom in the childhood, which restrains us to diagnose and treatment in the onset phase of BAV. Hemodynamic abnormalities induced by the malformations of the valves in BAV patients for a long time will cause BAV-associated aortopathy: including progress aortic dilation, aneurysm, dissection and rupture, cardiac cyst and even sudden death. At present, preventive surgical intervention is the only effective method used in this situation and the diameter of the aorta is the primary reference criterion for surgery. And the treatment effects are always not satisfactory for patients and clinicians. Therefore, we need more methods to evaluate the progression of BAV and the surgery value and the appropriate intervention time by combining basic research with clinical treatment. In this review, advances in morphology, genetic, biomarkers, diagnosis and treatments are summarized, which expects to provide an update about BAV. It is our supreme expectations to provide some evidences for BAV early screening and diagnosis, and in our opinion, personalized surgical strategy is the trend of future BAV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxing Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Lv
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuman Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyun Fang
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhui Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
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22
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Mohamed SA. MicroRNA detection in the pathogenesis of BAV-associated aortopathy-mediated vascular remodelling through EndMT/EMT. J Intern Med 2019; 285:115-117. [PMID: 30478994 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, Luebeck University Hospital, Luebeck, Germany
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23
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Menon V, Lincoln J. The Genetic Regulation of Aortic Valve Development and Calcific Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:162. [PMID: 30460247 PMCID: PMC6232166 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart valves are dynamic, highly organized structures required for unidirectional blood flow through the heart. Over an average lifetime, the valve leaflets or cusps open and close over a billion times, however in over 5 million Americans, leaflet function fails due to biomechanical insufficiency in response to wear-and-tear or pathological stimulus. Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valve pathology and leads to stiffening of the cusp and narrowing of the aortic orifice leading to stenosis and insufficiency. At the cellular level, CAVD is characterized by valve endothelial cell dysfunction and osteoblast-like differentiation of valve interstitial cells. These processes are associated with dysregulation of several molecular pathways important for valve development including Notch, Sox9, Tgfβ, Bmp, Wnt, as well as additional epigenetic regulators. In this review, we discuss the multifactorial mechanisms that contribute to CAVD pathogenesis and the potential of targeting these for the development of novel, alternative therapeutics beyond surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinal Menon
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joy Lincoln
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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24
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Liu Z, Yang F, Zhao M, Ma L, Li H, Xie Y, Nai R, Che T, Su R, Zhang Y, Wang R, Wang Z, Li J. The intragenic mRNA-microRNA regulatory network during telogen-anagen hair follicle transition in the cashmere goat. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14227. [PMID: 30242252 PMCID: PMC6155037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the periodic cycle of hair follicles is controlled by the biological clock, but the molecular regulatory mechanisms of the hair follicle cycle have not been thoroughly studied. The secondary hair follicle of the cashmere goat is characterized by seasonal periodic changes throughout life. In the hair follicle cycle, the initiation of hair follicles is of great significance for hair follicle regeneration. To provide a reference for hair follicle research, our study compared differences in mRNA expression and microRNA expression during the growth and repose stages of cashmere goat skin samples. Through microRNA and mRNA association analysis, we found microRNAs and target genes that play major regulatory roles in hair follicle initiation. We further constructed an mRNA-microRNA interaction network and found that hair follicle initiation and development were related to MiR-195 and the genes CHP1, SMAD2, FZD6 and SIAH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Lina Ma
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Haijun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Yuchun Xie
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Rile Nai
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China
| | - Tianyu Che
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China.
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25
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Yan W, Yang W, Liu Z, Wu G. Characterization of microRNA expression in primary human colon adenocarcinoma cells (SW480) and their lymph node metastatic derivatives (SW620). Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4701-4709. [PMID: 30127618 PMCID: PMC6091476 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s169233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related deaths in patients with colon cancer, however, the exact molecular mechanism is unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in two colon carcinoma cell lines: SW480, derived from primary colon carcinoma and SW620, derived from lymph node metastasis, which were obtained from the same patient. Materials and methods Three independent samples of cancer cells were collected from SW480 and SW620 cells, respectively. An miRNA microarray platform, miRCURY LNA™ microRNA array with 1,223 probes containing 3,000 capture probes, was used to determine the miRNA expression profiles of these two cell lines. Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results The raw data were submitted to the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE72412). Thirteen miRNAs were differentially expressed between SW480 and SW620 cells, of which, seven miRNAs (hsa-miR-920, hsa-miR-636, hsa-miR-766-3p, hsa-miR-545-5p, hsa-miR-195-3p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, and hsa-miR-196b-3p) were found to be upregulated and six miRNAs (hsa-miR-3613-3p, hsa-miR-29b-3p, hsa-miR-1297, hsa-miR-141-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, and hsa-miR-141-3p) were found to be downregulated. Target analysis of the predicted miRNAs showed that these genes were primarily involved in protein binding, cell adhesion, and cancer metastasis. Furthermore, qRT-PCR validated the results of miRNA microarray. Conclusion This is the first systematic analysis of the differences of miRNAs between SW480 and SW620 cells. The results provide useful information to explore potential biomarkers of miRNAs for predicting colon cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenchao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhongcai Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guoyang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, People's Republic of China,
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Sophocleous F, Milano EG, Pontecorboli G, Chivasso P, Caputo M, Rajakaruna C, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Emanueli C, Biglino G. Enlightening the Association between Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Aortopathy. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:E21. [PMID: 29671812 PMCID: PMC6023468 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients have an increased incidence of developing aortic dilation. Despite its importance, the pathogenesis of aortopathy in BAV is still largely undetermined. Nowadays, intense focus falls both on BAV morphology and progression of valvular dysfunction and on the development of aortic dilation. However, less is known about the relationship between aortic valve morphology and aortic dilation. A better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in the homeostasis of the aortic wall, including the extracellular matrix, the plasticity of the vascular smooth cells, TGFβ signaling, and epigenetic dysregulation, is key to enlighten the mechanisms underpinning BAV-aortopathy development and progression. To date, there are two main theories on this subject, i.e., the genetic and the hemodynamic theory, with an ongoing debate over the pathogenesis of BAV-aortopathy. Furthermore, the lack of early detection biomarkers leads to challenges in the management of patients affected by BAV-aortopathy. Here, we critically review the current knowledge on the driving mechanisms of BAV-aortopathy together with the current clinical management and lack of available biomarkers allowing for early detection and better treatment optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Froso Sophocleous
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
| | - Elena Giulia Milano
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy.
| | - Giulia Pontecorboli
- Structural Interventional Cardiology Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Chivasso
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Massimo Caputo
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Cha Rajakaruna
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Giovanni Biglino
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 89HW, UK.
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
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