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Hama Faraj GS, Hussen BM, Abdullah SR, Fatih Rasul M, Hajiesmaeili Y, Baniahmad A, Taheri M. Advanced approaches of the use of circRNAs as a replacement for cancer therapy. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:811-830. [PMID: 38590433 PMCID: PMC10999493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a broad name for a group of diseases in which abnormal cells grow out of control and are characterized by their complexity and recurrence. Although there has been progress in cancer therapy with the entry of precision medicine and immunotherapy, cancer incidence rates have increased globally. Non-coding RNAs in the form of circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and therapy of different diseases, including cancer. According to recent studies, circRNAs appear to serve as accurate indicators and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, circRNAs are promising candidates for cutting-edge cancer therapy because of their distinctive circular structure, stability, and wide range of capabilities; many challenges persist that decrease the applications of circRNA-based cancer therapeutics. Here, we explore the roles of circRNAs as a replacement for cancer therapy, highlight the main challenges facing circRNA-based cancer therapies, and discuss the key strategies to overcome these challenges to improve advanced innovative therapies based on circRNAs with long-term health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Lin X, Chen Z, Wu G, Jiang H, Liu Z. Correlation between the miR-618 rs2682818 C>A polymorphism and venous malformation susceptibility. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 38804038 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Venous malformations are the most common congenital vascular malformations, and the incidence rate is high. Previous studies have confirmed that a variety of polymorphisms within the miRNA functional region are associated with tumor susceptibility. We examined the correlation between miR-618 rs2682818 C>A and risk of developing venous malformation in a southern Chinese population (1113 patients and 1158 controls). TaqMan genotyping of miR-618 rs2682818 C>A was conducted utilizing real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The miR-618 rs2682818 polymorphism was not correlated with susceptibility to venous malformation (CA/AA vs. CC: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.81-1.25, p = 0.994; AA vs. CC/CA: AOR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.73-1.65, p = 0.646). Stratified analysis of different subtypes of venous malformation revealed that there was no significant difference in the rs2682818 C>A polymorphism genotypes across these subtypes. Our results indicate that miR-618 rs2682818 C>A polymorphism is not correlated with the susceptibility to venous malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zijian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guitao Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyin Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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3
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Zhu J, Li Q, Wu Z, Xu W, Jiang R. Circular RNA-mediated miRNA sponge & RNA binding protein in biological modulation of breast cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:262-276. [PMID: 38282696 PMCID: PMC10818160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and small non-coding RNAs of the head-to-junction circle in the construct play critical roles in gene regulation and are significantly associated with breast cancer (BC). Numerous circRNAs are potential cancer biomarkers that may be used for diagnosis and prognosis. Widespread expression of circRNAs is regarded as a feature of gene expression in highly diverged eukaryotes. Recent studies show that circRNAs have two main biological modulation models: sponging and RNA-binding. This review explained the biogenesis of circRNAs and assessed emerging findings on their sponge function and role as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to better understand how their interaction alters cellular function in BC. We focused on how sponges significantly affect the phenotype and progression of BC. We described how circRNAs exercise the translation functions in ribosomes. Furthermore, we reviewed recent studies on RBPs, and post-protein modifications influencing BC and provided a perspective on future research directions for treating BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qian Li
- Medical Department, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongping Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rilei Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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4
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Huang L, Zhang G, Han L, Bai X, Xi Z, Wang F, Han G. Circ_0059457 Promotes Proliferation, Metastasis, Sphere Formation and Glycolysis in Breast Cancer Cells by Sponging miR-140-3p to Regulate UBE2C. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:125-143. [PMID: 37284894 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has been confirmed to regulate breast cancer (BC) progression. However, the role of circ_0059457 in BC progression is still unclear.The expression of circ_0059457, taspase 1 (TASP1), microRNA (miR)-140-3p and ubiquitin-binding enzyme E2C (UBE2C) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and sphere formation ability were assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay, EdU assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay and sphere formation assay. Cell glycolysis was assessed by detecting glucose uptake, lactate levels and ATP/ADP ratio. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay, RNA pull-down assay were used to validate RNA interaction. Xenograft tumor model to assess the effect of circ_0059457 on BC tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0059457 had elevated expression in BC tissues and cells. Circ_0059457 knockdown inhibited BC cell proliferation, metastasis, sphere formation ability, and glycolysis. In terms of mechanism, circ_0059457 sponged miR-140-3p, and miR-140-3p targeted UBE2C. MiR-140-3p inhibition reversed the effect of circ_0059457 knockdown on BC cell malignant behaviors. Besides, miR-140-3p overexpression inhibited BC cell proliferation, metastasis, sphere formation ability and glycolysis, and these effects were abrogated by UBE2C enhancement. Furthermore, circ_0059457 regulated UBE2C expression through sponging miR-140-3p. Additionally, circ_0059457 knockdown obviously inhibited BC tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0059457 promoted BC progression via miR-140-3p/UBE2C axis, which provided potential target for the treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Guochen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangdong Bai
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhibin Xi
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Guohui Han
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward No. 3, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No 3 workers new street, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China.
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5
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Gopikrishnan M, R HC, R G, Ashour HM, Pintus G, Hammad M, Kashyap MK, C GPD, Zayed H. Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of exosomal circRNAs in breast cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:184. [PMID: 37243750 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are regulatory elements that are involved in orchestrating gene expression and protein functions and are implicated in various biological processes including cancer. Notably, breast cancer has a significant mortality rate and is one of the most common malignancies in women. CircRNAs have been demonstrated to contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer including its initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to drugs. By acting as miRNA sponges, circRNAs can indirectly influence gene expression by disrupting miRNA regulation of their target genes, ultimately altering the course of cancer development and progression. Additionally, circRNAs can interact with proteins and modulate their functions including signaling pathways involved in the initiation and development of cancer. Recently, circRNAs can encode peptides that play a role in the pathophysiology of breast cancer and other diseases and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various cancers including breast cancer. CircRNAs possess biomarkers that differentiate, such as stability, specificity, and sensitivity, and can be detected in several biological specimens such as blood, saliva, and urine. Moreover, circRNAs play an important role in various cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, all of which are integral factors in the development and progression of cancer. This review synthesizes the functions of circRNAs in breast cancer, scrutinizing their contributions to the onset and evolution of the disease through their interactions with exosomes and cancer-related intracellular pathways. It also delves into the potential use of circRNA as a biomarker and therapeutic target against breast cancer. It discusses various databases and online tools that offer crucial circRNA information and regulatory networks. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of utilizing circRNAs in clinical settings associated with breast cancer are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Gopikrishnan
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hephzibah Cathryn R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gnanasambandan R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hossam M Ashour
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701, USA
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mohamed Hammad
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Manesar (Gurugram), Panchgaon, Haryana (HR), 122413, India
- Clinical Biosamples & Research Services (CBRS), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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6
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Dawoud A, Ihab Zakaria Z, Hisham Rashwan H, Braoudaki M, Youness RA. Circular RNAs: New layer of complexity evading breast cancer heterogeneity. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:60-74. [PMID: 36380816 PMCID: PMC9637558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques and bioinformatic analysis have refuted the "junk" RNA hypothesis that was claimed against non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Circular RNAs (circRNAs); a class of single-stranded covalently closed loop RNA molecules have recently emerged as stable epigenetic regulators. Although the exact regulatory role of circRNAs is still to be clarified, it has been proven that circRNAs could exert their functions by interacting with other ncRNAs or proteins in their own physiologically authentic environment, regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways and other classes of ncRNAs. CircRNAs have also been reported to exhibit a tissue-specific expression and have been associated with the malignant transformation process of several hematological and solid malignancies. Along this line of reasoning, this review aims to highlight the importance of circRNAs in Breast Cancer (BC), which is ranked as the most prevalent malignancy among females. Notwithstanding the substantial efforts to develop a suitable anticancer therapeutic regimen against the heterogenous BC, inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity have resulted in an arduous challenge for drug development research, which in turn necessitates the investigation of other markers to be therapeutically targeted. Herein, the potential of circRNAs as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have been highlighted together with their possible application as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Dawoud
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeina Ihab Zakaria
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hannah Hisham Rashwan
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maria Braoudaki
- Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted By Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11586, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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The Tumorigenic Role of Circular RNA-MicroRNA Axis in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033050. [PMID: 36769372 PMCID: PMC9917898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous RNAs that control gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated that circRNAs act as novel diagnostic biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets for numerous cancer types by interacting with other non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are presented as crucial risk factors and regulatory elements in cancer by regulating the expression of their target genes. Some miRNAs are derived from transposable elements (MDTEs) that can transfer their location to another region of the genome. Genetic interactions between miRNAs and circular RNAs can form complex regulatory networks with various carcinogenic processes that play critical roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This review focuses on the biological regulation of the correlative axis among circular RNAs, miRNAs, and their target genes in various cancer types and suggests the biological importance of MDTEs interacting with oncogenic or tumor-suppressive circRNAs in tumor progression.
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8
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Karami Fath M, Akhavan Masouleh R, Afifi N, Loghmani S, Tamimi P, Fazeli A, Mousavian SA, Falsafi MM, Barati G. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway modulation by circular RNAs in breast cancer progression. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154279. [PMID: 36584499 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is responsible for many cellular behaviors, including survival, growth, and proliferation. A newly identified RNA, circular RNA (circRNA), plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression. The upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway through dysregulated circRNAs promotes breast tumor initiation, growth, and progression. The dysregulation of PI3K/Akt-regulating circRNAs seems to be directly correlated with breast cancer clinical features, including overall survival, tumor size, cancer stage, and lymph node metastasis. In addition, targeting these circRNAs may be a promising option in cancer-targeted therapy. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of the circRNA-PI3K/AKT axis may give the insight to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for breast cancer therapy. Here we reviewed the expression and functions of PI3K/AKT-regulating circRNAs, and their correlation with breast cancer clinical features. In addition, the potential of PI3K/AKT-regulating circRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Negin Afifi
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Branch, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Shirin Loghmani
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Parham Tamimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Fazeli
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavian
- Pharmacy Department, EMU(Eastern Mediterranean University), Famagusta, North Cyprus, Republic of Cyprus
| | | | - Ghasem Barati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Hussen BM, Mohamadtahr S, Abdullah SR, Hidayat HJ, Rasul MF, Hama Faraj GS, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M, Khayamzadeh M, Jamali E. Exosomal circular RNAs: New player in breast cancer progression and therapeutic targets. Front Genet 2023; 14:1126944. [PMID: 36926585 PMCID: PMC10011470 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1126944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of malignancy among women. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of cell membrane origin that are released via exocytosis. Their cargo contains lipids, proteins, DNA, and different forms of RNA, including circular RNAs. Circular RNAs are new class of non-coding RNAs with a closed-loop shape involved in several types of cancer, including breast cancer. Exosomes contained a lot of circRNAs which are called exosomal circRNAs. By interfering with several biological pathways, exosomal circRNAs can have either a proliferative or suppressive role in cancer. The involvement of exosomal circRNAs in breast cancer has been studied with consideration to tumor development and progression as well as its effects on therapeutic resistance. However, its exact mechanism is still unclear, and there have not been available clinical implications of exo-circRNAs in breast cancer. Here, we highlight the role of exosomal circRNAs in breast cancer progression and to highlight the most recent development and potential of circRNAas therapeutic targets and diagnostics for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Medical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sayran Mohamadtahr
- Department of Medical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimany, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khayamzadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Jamali
- Department of Pathology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Circular Sponge against miR-21 Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Doxorubicin against Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314803. [PMID: 36499129 PMCID: PMC9736351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, with chemotherapy being the main strategy. However, its effectiveness is reduced by drug resistance mechanisms. miR-21 is upregulated in breast cancer that has been linked to drug resistance and carcinogenic processes. Our aim was to capture miR-21 with a circular sponge (Circ-21) and thus inhibit the carcinogenic processes and drug resistance mechanisms in which it participates. Proliferation, migration, colony formation, cell cycle, and poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) detection assays were performed with MCF7 breast cancer cells and MCF10A non-tumor cells. In addition, doxorubicin resistance tests and detection of drug resistance gene expression were performed in MCF7 cells. Reduction in proliferation, as well as migration and colony formation, increased PARP-1 expression, inhibition of VEGF expression and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase were displayed in the Circ-21 MCF7, which were not observed in the MCF10A cells. Furthermore, in the MCF7 cells, the Circ-21 enhanced the antitumor activity of doxorubicin and decreased the expression of resistance genes: ABCA1, ABCC4, and ABCC5. Based on these results, the use of Circ-21 can be considered a first step for the establishment of an effective gene therapy in the treatment of breast cancer.
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11
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Gao X, Tian X, Huang Y, Fang R, Wang G, Li D, Zhang J, Li T, Yuan R. Role of circular RNA in myocardial ischemia and ageing-related diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 65:1-11. [PMID: 35561533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a new endogenous transcription product, which has attracted significant attention in RNA biology research.CircRNA comprise exons or introns involved in regulation of various mechanisms.These molecules are stable and species-specific, as well as cell and tissue-specific.Cardiovascular diseases particularly myocardial ischemia and ageing-related diseases, pose a major health care burden and novel treatments and biomarkers should be explored.Recent findings indicate that circRNAs are implicated in biological processes, such as glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial biosynthesis, implying that they are potential targets for myocardial ischemia treatment.In the present review, the functions of circRNAs in the heart are described, with emphasis given on in the relationship with myocardial ischemia and cardiac aging-related diseases.Directions for future research are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Gao
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Ye Huang
- Department of Emergency, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No.1 Xiyuan Playground Street, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Rong Fang
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Gendi Wang
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Junru Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.4 Xihuamen Street, Xi'an 710003, China.
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Rd, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ruihua Yuan
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China; Real World Clinical Research Institute, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang 712046, China.
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12
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De Palma FDE, Salvatore F, Pol JG, Kroemer G, Maiuri MC. Circular RNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030725. [PMID: 35327527 PMCID: PMC8945016 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high heterogeneity and initially asymptomatic nature of breast cancer (BC), the management of this disease depends on imaging together with immunohistochemical and molecular evaluations. These tests allow early detection of BC and patient stratification as they guide clinicians in prognostication and treatment decision-making. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of newly identified long non-coding RNAs. These molecules have been described as key regulators of breast carcinogenesis and progression. Moreover, circRNAs play a role in drug resistance and are associated with clinicopathological features in BC. Accumulating evidence reveals a clinical interest in deregulated circRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, due to their covalently closed structure, circRNAs are highly stable and easily detectable in body fluids, making them ideal candidates for use as non-invasive biomarkers. Herein, we provide an overview of the biogenesis and pleiotropic functions of circRNAs, and report on their clinical relevance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.G.P.); (G.K.)
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.C.M.); Tel.: +39-3348176281 (F.D.E.D.P.)
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Inter-University Center for multifactorial and multi genetic chronic human diseases, “Federico II”-Naples, Tor Vergata-Roma II, and Chieti-Pescara Universities, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Jonathan G. Pol
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.G.P.); (G.K.)
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.G.P.); (G.K.)
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Par La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (J.G.P.); (G.K.)
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.D.E.D.P.); (M.C.M.); Tel.: +39-3348176281 (F.D.E.D.P.)
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13
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Peng YY, Sun D, Xin Y. Hsa_circ_0005230 is up-regulated and promotes gastric cancer cell invasion and migration via regulating the miR-1299/RHOT1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5046-5063. [PMID: 35170374 PMCID: PMC8973856 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are widely expressed in eukaryotic cells. However, their role has been poorly understood in GC. This report aimed to explore the biological functions of hsa_circ_0005230 and its action mechanism in GC. This study validated that hsa_circ_0005230 was significantly up-regulated in 130 cases of GC tissues using qRT-PCR, and clinicopathological feature analysis revealed that its high expression was positively associated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages, and poor prognosis. In vitro, functional experiments showed that silencing hsa_circ_0005230 significantly decreased GC cell proliferation, invasion and migration capabilities. In addition, the major proteins of EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) relevance have changed. In mechanism studies, bioinformatics analyses were used to predict the hsa_circ_0005230/miR-1299/RHOT1 axis and hsa_circ_0005230 may serve as a sponge for miR-1299 and indirectly regulate the expression of RHOT1. The regulated relationships between the molecules on the axis were verified using qRT-PCR and correlation analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay has been used to verify the binding site between miR-1299 and RHOT1. WB (Western blotting) and IHC (Immunohistochemical) were used to verify that RHOT1 may play the role of oncoprotein and affect the biological behavior of GC. Overall, hsa_circ_0005230 could enhance the EMT phenotype by promoting RHOT1 expression through sponging miR-1299, thus affecting the biological behavior of GC. Hsa_circ_0005230 can be easily identified as a potential diagnostic biomarker and assessment prognosis target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Peng
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Onco-Pathology, Cancer Institute & General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Onco-Pathology, Cancer Institute & General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Xin
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Onco-Pathology, Cancer Institute & General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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14
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Shao W, Xia H, Lan Q, Gu J, Huang H, Zheng F, Zheng Y. Polymorphism rs2682818 participates in the progression of colorectal carcinoma via miR-618-TIMP1 regulatory axis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23186. [PMID: 34848810 PMCID: PMC8632919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has a high morbidity and mortality. Current studies have confirmed a variety of microRNA polymorphisms were associated with tumor susceptibility, however, the mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, we were aimed to clarify how polymorphism rs2682818 participated in the progression of CRC. First of all, the differential expression of miR-618 was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in CRC patients with different genotypes of polymorphism rs2682818, including homozygous (TT) genotype, homozygous (GG) genotype and heterozygous (TG) genotype. Secondly, plasmids carried miR-168 precursor sequences harboring rs2682818 (SNP type) or without rs2682818 (wild type) were transfected into 293T cells to verify that polymorphism rs2682818 affected miR-618 expression. Thirdly, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry assay, transwell assay and mouse xenograft assay were performed to measure the biological functions of miR-618 in CRC. Fourthly, the candidate target genes of miR-618 which were predicted by bioinformatics tools were verified by luciferase reporter assay. Finally, in order to explain the potential molecular mechanisms, western blotting was performed to demonstrate the differential expression and phosphorylation of pathway related proteins. The results showed that miR-618 was down-regulated in colon cancer, especially in CRC patients with rs2682818 GG homozygous genotype. Higher expression of mature miR-618 occurred in patients with TT homozygous genotype, and these patients usually had a longer survival time. Moreover, miR-618 mimic obviously impaired the growth and invasion ability of CRC cells, and miR-618 mimic also remarkably promoted CRC cell apoptosis. Our luciferase experiments confirmed that TIMP1 was a target of miR-618 in CRC cells. Knockdown of TIMP1 also significantly inhibited the malignant cytological features of CRC, including malignant growth and invasion as well as apoptosis resistance. In summary, polymorphism rs2682818 participated in the progression of CRC via affecting the expression of mature miR-618 in CRC cells, and miR-618 inhibited the progression of CRC via targeting TIMP1expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shao
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China.
| | - Haina Xia
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China
| | - Qiangfang Lan
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China
| | - Jialu Gu
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China
| | - Haidong Huang
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China
| | - Youyou Zheng
- Zhoushan Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, 316100, China
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15
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Liu F, Wu X, Zhu H, Wang F. Influence of dysregulated expression of circular RNA on the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer in Asia: a meta-analysis study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e044267. [PMID: 34728436 PMCID: PMC8565556 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have reported a correlation between non-coding RNAs such as circular RNAs (circRNAs) and clinical value of various cancers. However, the diagnostic and prognostic role of circRNA in breast cancer remains controversial. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Diagnostic efficacy was estimated by sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC). Pooled HRs with 95% CIs estimated overall survival (OS), and ORs with 95% CIs investigated clinical features. RESULTS By searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Cochrane Library, we obtained a total of 29 studies with 4405 patients. A shorter survival time was associated with high expression levels of tumour-promoter circRNAs (OS: HR=2.43, 95% CI 2.20 to 2.92, p<0.001), and tumour-suppressor circRNAs were related to a favourable prognosis (OS: HR=0.32, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.44, p<0.001). Furthermore, high expression levels of oncogenic circRNAs were associated with poor clinical outcomes; tumour-suppressor circRNAs showed the opposite result. As for the diagnostic role, the outcome indicated an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.85), with 85% sensitivity and 86% specificity to distinguish patients with breast cancer from healthy controls. CONCLUSION Dysregulated expression of circRNA was related to diagnosis and prognosis in breast cancer, which indicated it might be a novel biomarker and a target of therapy for breast cancer. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020207912.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huixia Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Public Health School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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16
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Zhang M, Bai X, Zeng X, Liu J, Liu F, Zhang Z. circRNA-miRNA-mRNA in breast cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:120-130. [PMID: 34537217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among cancers, breast cancer has the highest incidence rate among women and poses a tremendous threat to women's health. Messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) play vital roles in the progression of breast cancer through a variety of biological effects and mechanisms. Recently, the regulatory network formed by circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs has piqued attention and garnered interest. CircRNAs bind to miRNAs through a regulatory mechanism in which endogenous RNAs compete to indirectly regulate the expression of mRNA corresponding to downstream target genes of miRNAs, contributing to the progression of breast cancer. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis may be a marker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer and a potential breast cancer treatment target, providing unlimited possibilities for the development of breast cancer biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. This article reviews recent research progress on the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis as a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs in breast cancer. Herein, we focus on the mechanism and function of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in the occurrence and metastasis of breast cancer, and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jiangrong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang 421001, China
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17
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Gong L, Zhou X, Sun J. Circular RNAs Interaction with MiRNAs: Emerging Roles in Breast Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3182-3196. [PMID: 34400888 PMCID: PMC8364445 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.62219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in cancer therapy strategies, breast cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide. Characterization of a new class of RNAs using next-generation sequencing opened new doors toward uncovering etiopathogenesis mechanisms of breast cancer as well as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of RNA with covalently closed and highly stable structures generated primarily from the back-splicing of precursor mRNAs. Although circRNAs exert their function through various mechanisms, acting as a sponge for miRNAs is their primary mechanism of function. Furthermore, growing evidence has shown that aberrant expression of circRNAs is involved in the various hallmarks of cancers. This paper reviews the biogenesis, characteristics, and mechanism of functions of circRNAs and their deregulation in various cancers. Finally, we focused on the circRNAs roles as a sponge for miRNAs in the development, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, apoptosis, and immune responses of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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18
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Xu J, Chen X, Sun Y, Shi Y, Teng F, Lv M, Liu C, Jia X. The Regulation Network and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:691317. [PMID: 34307155 PMCID: PMC8299466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.691317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of structurally stable non-coding RNA with a covalently closed circular structure. In recent years, with the development of high-throughput RNA sequencing, many circRNAs have been discovered and have proven to be clinically significant in the development and progression of breast cancer. Importantly, several regulators of circRNA biogenesis have been discovered. Here, we systematically summarize recent progress regarding the network of regulation governing the biogenesis, degradation, and distribution of circRNAs, and we comprehensively analyze the functions, mechanisms, and clinical significance of circRNA in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xu
- Deparment of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiyi Chen
- Deparment of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Deparment of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqian Shi
- Deparment of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Teng
- Deparment of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Lv
- Department of Breast, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Deparment of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Circular RNA hsa_circ_0005046 and hsa_circ_0001791 May Become Diagnostic Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Early Detection. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:2303946. [PMID: 34239561 PMCID: PMC8233096 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2303946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common lethal diseases in women worldwide. Recent evidence has shown that covalently closed Circular RNA (circRNA) deregulation is observed in different human malignancies and cancers. Lately, circRNAs are being considered as a new diagnostic biomarker; however, the mechanism and the correlation of action between circRNAs and BC are still unclear. In the present study, we try to investigate the expression level of hsa_circ_0005046 and hsa_circ_0001791 in BC. By using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), expression profiles of candidate circRNAs were detected in 60 BC tissue and paired adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, the clinicopathological relation and diagnostic value were estimated. Our results showed the higher expression levels of hsa_circ_0005046 and hsa_circ_0001791 in BC tissues compared to paired adjacent normal tissues with P value (P < 0.0001) for both circRNAs, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.857 and 1.0, respectively; in addition, a total 10 miRNAs that can be targeted by each candidate circRNAs was predicted base on bioinformatics databases. Taken together, for the first time, the results of our study presented high expression levels of hsa_circ_0005046 and hsa_circ_00017916 in BC; although there was no direct correlation between the high expression level of both circRNAs with clinic pathological factors, except hsa_circ_0001791 association with estrogen receptors (ER), high ROC curve in expressed samples indicated that both circRNAs could be used as a new diagnostic biomarker for BC. Moreover, miRNAs selection tools predicted that miR-215 and mir-383-5p which have a tumor suppressor role in BC can be targeted by our candidate circRNAs to affect the PI3K/AKT pathway; in conclusion, further studies are required to validate the oncogene role of our candidate circRNAs through the PI3k pathway.
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20
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Liu D, Fang L. Current research on circular RNAs and their potential clinical implications in breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0275. [PMID: 34018386 PMCID: PMC8330541 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers and the leading causes of death among women worldwide, and its morbidity rate is growing. Discovery of novel biomarkers is necessary for early BC detection, treatment, and prognostication. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed continuous loops, have been found to have a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Studies have demonstrated that circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the tumor tissues and plasma of patients with BC, and they modulate gene expression affecting the proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of BC by specifically binding and regulating the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). Therefore, circRNAs can be used as novel potential diagnostic and prognostic markers, and therapeutic targets for BC. This article summarizes the properties, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs, particularly current research on their association with BC proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200070, China
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21
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Liu B, Li H, Liu X, Li F, Chen W, Kuang Y, Zhao X, Li L, Yu B, Jin X, Li Q. CircZNF208 enhances the sensitivity to X-rays instead of carbon-ions through the miR-7-5p /SNCA signal axis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110012. [PMID: 33892093 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely related to the regulation of gene expression during tumour development. However, the role of circRNAs in modulating the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells has not been explored. METHODS Transcriptome sequencing was used to explore the expression profiles of circRNAs in NSCLC. The expression level of circRNAs was changed by inducing instantaneous knockdown or overexpression. Changes in proliferation and radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells were investigated using CCK-8, EDU, and clonal survivals. RESULTS By analysing the circRNA expression profile of NSCLC cells, we found that circRNA ZNF208 (circZNF208) was significantly upregulated in a radioresistant NSCLC cell line (A549-R11), which was acquired from the parental NSCLC cell line A549. Knockout experiments indicated that circZNF208 enhanced the radiosensitivity of A549 and A549-R11 cells to X-rays. Mechanistically, circZNF208 upregulated SNCA expression by acting as a sponge of miR-7-5p and subsequently promoted the resistance of NSCLC cells to low linear energy transfer (LET) X-rays. However, this effect was not observed in NSCLC cells exposed to high-LET carbon ions. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of circZNF208 altered the radiosensitivity of patients with NSCLC to X-rays but did not significantly change the sensitivity to carbon ions. Therefore, circZNF208 might serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment with radiotherapy of different modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingtao Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiongxiong Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanbei Kuang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Linying Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boyi Yu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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22
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Lu T, Qiu T, Han B, Wang Y, Sun X, Qin Y, Liu A, Ge N, Jiao W. Circular RNA circCSNK1G3 induces HOXA10 signaling and promotes the growth and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells through hsa-miR-143-3p sponging. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:297-310. [PMID: 33118120 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade, a relatively novel, ubiquitous and highly stable subclass of non-coding RNAs, called circular (circ)-RNAs, has increasingly been implicated in cancer development, and several of them have been shown to act as microRNA sponges. As yet, however, the role of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development has largely remained unexplored. METHODS Bioinformatics, microarray-based and qRT-PCR expression assays were used to assess circRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression in LUAD patient samples and cell lines. siRNA-mediated silencing was used to assess the effect of circCSNK1G3 on various LUAD-associated characteristics such as proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis, both in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and luciferase reporter activity assays were used to characterize relationships between circCSNK1G3, miR-143-3p and HOXA10 in LUAD cells. RESULTS By screening for differentially expressed circRNAs, we found that circCSNK1G3 was aberrantly expressed in primary LUAD tissues and cell lines. An oncogenic role of circCSNK1G3 was deduced from its aberrant expression and associated enhancement of LUAD A549 and H1299 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We also found that circCSNK1G3 can directly interact with and suppress miR-143-3p expression by serving as a 'miR-143-3p sponge'. In addition, we found that circCSNK1G3 can modulate homeobox (HOX) A10 expression through miR-143-3p signaling and, thereby, affect LUAD tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that circCSNK1G3 can induce HOXA10 expression and, thereby, promote the growth and metastasis of LUAD cells through hsa-miR-143-3p sponging. As such, our data highlight the targetability of the circCSNK1G3/miR-143-3p/HOXA10 signaling axis in patients with LUAD. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Nan Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Circulating miR-618 Has Prognostic Significance in Patients with Metastatic Colon Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1204-1215. [PMID: 33804070 PMCID: PMC8025826 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the prognostic role of circulating miRNA-618 in patients with metastatic colon cancer (mCC) and whether miR-618 gene rs2682818 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are associated with colon cancer susceptibility and expression levels of mature miR-618. In total, 104 patients with mCC before starting the chemotherapy were investigated. The expression status of circulating miR-618 in mCC was evaluated by quantitative PCR. TaqMan PCR assay was used for rs2682818 SNP genotyping. miR-618 was overexpressed in serum of mCC patients. Patients with high and intermediate expression of miR-618 had a significantly longer mean overall survival (OS) of 21 months than patients with low expression—16 months. In addition, multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the association between high/intermediate levels of miRNA-618 and longer OS, HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.30–0.86, p = 0.012. miR-618 rs2682818 SNP significantly decreased the risk of colon cancer susceptibility in both heterozygous codominant (AC vs. CC, OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17–0.88, p = 0.024) and overdominant (AC vs. CC + AA, OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.85, p = 0.018) genetic models. Our data suggest that circulating miRNA-618 could be useful as a prognostic biomarker in mCC. Patients harboring AC rs2682818 genotype have a decreased risk for colon cancer in comparison with patients with CC and AA genotypes.
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He X, Xu T, Hu W, Tan Y, Wang D, Wang Y, Zhao C, Yi Y, Xiong M, Lv W, Wu M, Li X, Wu Y, Zhang Q. Circular RNAs: Their Role in the Pathogenesis and Orchestration of Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647736. [PMID: 33777954 PMCID: PMC7991790 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most frequently occurring malignancies in women, breast cancer (BC) is still an enormous threat to women all over the world. The high mortality rates in BC patients are associated with BC recurrence, metastatic progression to distant organs, and therapeutic resistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), belonging to the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are connected end to end to form covalently closed single-chain circular molecules. CircRNAs are widely found in different species and a variety of human cells, with the features of diversity, evolutionary conservation, stability, and specificity. CircRNAs are emerging important participators in multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and cancer. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs are involved in BC progress by regulating gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level via binding to miRNAs then inhibiting their function, suggesting that circRNAs may be potential targets for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of BC. Herein, in this article, we have reviewed and summarized the current studies about the biogenesis, features, and functions of circRNAs. More importantly, we emphatically elucidate the pivotal functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in BC growth, metastasis, diagnosis, and drug resistance. Deciphering the complex networks, especially the circRNA-miRNA target gene axis, will endow huge potentials in developing therapeutic strategies for combating BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijie Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chongru Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingchen Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenchang Lv
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Su Y, Yu T, Wang Y, Huang X, Wei X. Circular RNA circDNM3OS Functions as a miR-145-5p Sponge to Accelerate Cholangiocarcinoma Growth and Glutamine Metabolism by Upregulating MORC2. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1117-1129. [PMID: 33628035 PMCID: PMC7898209 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s289241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common liver malignant tumor. CircRNA hsa_circ_0005230 (circDNM3OS) has been reported to exert an oncogenic role in CCA. However, the mechanisms related to circDNM3OS in CAA progression have not been fully elucidated. Methods The expression of circDNM3OS, microRNA (miR)-145-5p, and MORC2 (MORC Family CW-Type Zinc Finger 2) mRNA were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, transwell, wound-healing, and flow cytometry assays. The levels of glutamine, α-KG (α-ketoglutarate), and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) were detected using commercial kits. The relationship between circDNM3OS or MORC2 and miR-145-5p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter and/or RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Protein level of MORC2 was measured by Western blotting. The role of circDNM3OS in CCA growth was verified by xenograft experiment. Results CircDNM3OS and MORC2 were upregulated while miR-145-5p was downregulated in CCA tissues and cells. Inhibition of circDNM3OS reduced xenograft tumor growth in vivo and constrained proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, induced apoptosis, and reduced glutamine metabolism of CCA cells in vitro. CircDNM3OS sponged miR-145-5p to elevate MORC2 expression. MiR-145-5p silencing overturned circDNM3OS knockdown-mediated influence on malignancy and glutamine metabolism of CCA cells. Also, MORC2 overexpression reversed the repressive impact of miR-145-5p mimic on malignancy and glutamine metabolism of CCA cells. Conclusion CircDNM3OS facilitates CCA growth and glutamine metabolism by regulating the miR-145-5p/MORC2 pathway, offering a novel mechanism to understand the progression of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Su
- Department of General Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of General Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of General Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianming Huang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi, 330029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jiangxi, 330029, People's Republic of China
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26
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Nisar S, Bhat AA, Singh M, Karedath T, Rizwan A, Hashem S, Bagga P, Reddy R, Jamal F, Uddin S, Chand G, Bedognetti D, El-Rifai W, Frenneaux MP, Macha MA, Ahmed I, Haris M. Insights Into the Role of CircRNAs: Biogenesis, Characterization, Functional, and Clinical Impact in Human Malignancies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:617281. [PMID: 33614648 PMCID: PMC7894079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved novel class of non-coding endogenous RNAs (ncRNAs) found in the eukaryotic transcriptome, originally believed to be aberrant RNA splicing by-products with decreased functionality. However, recent advances in high-throughput genomic technology have allowed circRNAs to be characterized in detail and revealed their role in controlling various biological and molecular processes, the most essential being gene regulation. Because of the structural stability, high expression, availability of microRNA (miRNA) binding sites and tissue-specific expression, circRNAs have become hot topic of research in RNA biology. Compared to the linear RNA, circRNAs are produced differentially by backsplicing exons or lariat introns from a pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) forming a covalently closed loop structure missing 3′ poly-(A) tail or 5′ cap, rendering them immune to exonuclease-mediated degradation. Emerging research has identified multifaceted roles of circRNAs as miRNA and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponges and transcription, translation, and splicing event regulators. CircRNAs have been involved in many human illnesses, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, due to their aberrant expression in different pathological conditions. The functional versatility exhibited by circRNAs enables them to serve as potential diagnostic or predictive biomarkers for various diseases. This review discusses the properties, characterization, profiling, and the diverse molecular mechanisms of circRNAs and their use as potential therapeutic targets in different human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Nisar
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (BRAIRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Arshi Rizwan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Farrukh Jamal
- Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gyan Chand
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology (IUST), Pulwama, India
| | - Ikhlak Ahmed
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Sang J, Li X, Lv L, Zhang C, Zhang X, Li G. Circ‑TOP2A acts as a ceRNA for miR‑346 and contributes to glioma progression via the modulation of sushi domain‑containing 2. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:255. [PMID: 33537815 PMCID: PMC7893696 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of multiple human malignancies. Knowledge of circRNAs in glioma (GM) is limited and further study to uncover new therapeutic targets for GM is urgently required. The present study demonstrated that circ-TOP2A was elevated in GM tissue specimens and cells and that circ-TOP2A levels indicated an unfavorable clinical prognosis in GM. Functionally, circ-TOP2A knockdown reduced viability, migration and invasion and triggered apoptosis in LN229 cells. Ectopic expression of circ-TOP2A aggravated these malignant behaviors in U87MG cells. In terms of mechanism, RNA-seq was performed to discover the potential targets regulated by circ-TOP2A. Circ-TOP2A acted as a competing endogenous RNA to upregulate sushi domain-containing 2 (SUSD2) expression by sponging microRNA (miR) 346. Rescue assays revealed that the oncogenic function of circ-TOP2A was partially dependent on its regulation of the miR-346/SUSD2 axis. In conclusion, the present study identified that circ-TOP2A promoted GM proliferation and aggressiveness via miR-346/SUSD2 signaling, which is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Sang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Ultrasonics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Luting Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Guoan Li
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
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CBX8 acts as an independent RNA-binding protein to regulate the maturation of miR-378a-3p in colon cancer cells. Hum Cell 2021; 34:515-529. [PMID: 33417156 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00477-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CBX8 is the core component of the PCG family protein PRC1 complex. It is overexpressed in many solid tumors and plays an important role in the prognosis and biological behaviors of tumors such as occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis. However, exploration of the role and molecular mechanism of CBX8 in tumors is still in its infancy. Our study found that the down-regulation of CBX8 expression by RNA interference induced differential expression of several microRNAs in human colon cancer cells. The 5 most differentially expressed miRNA precursors (pre-miRNA) (hsa-miR-363-3p, hsa-miR-378a-3p, hsa-miR-371b-3p, hsa-miR-361-3p, and hsa-miR-576-3p) share a common motif sequence: ARAAAKUGCMC. We selected miR-378a-3p and further revealed that the negative regulation of miRNA expression by CBX8 mainly occurs in the processing of pre-miRNA to mature miRNA. CBX8 uses its own RNA-binding domain to interact with pre-miRNA, and is dependent on its own nuclear localization characteristics to limit nucleoplasmic transport of pre-miRNA. Changing the characteristic sequence of pre-miRNA or mutating the RNA-binding domain and nuclear localization signal of CBX8 can effectively weaken the regulation of miR-378a-3p expression by CBX8. However, our experimental results showed that miR-378a-3p inhibited the malignant expression of human colon cancer cells by targeting PDIA4, resulting in increased activity of caspases-3 and -7. In summary, our study suggests that CBX8 acts as an independent RNA-binding protein to regulate miRNA expression. Simultaneously, this study shows the correlation between the CBX8/miR-378a-3p/PDIA4 pathway and the malignant biological properties of colorectal cancer, suggesting this proposed pathway as a possible therapeutic target for human cancers.
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Yao W, Zhang H, Fakhar-E-Alam Kulyar M, Ding Y, Waqas M, Mehmood K, Iqbal M, Du H, Jiang X, Li J. Effect of total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae in thiram induced cytotoxicity of chondrocyte via BMP-2/Runx2 and IHH/PTHrP expressions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111194. [PMID: 32866894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tibial Dyschondroplasia (TD) is a prevailing skeletal disorder that mainly affects rapidly growing avian species. It results in reduced bone strength, lameness and an increase risk of fragility fractures. Total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae (TFRD) have been used as an effective treatment of different bone diseases in humans. The current in vitro study was conducted to explore the therapeutic effect of TFRD on thiram-induced cytotoxicity in avian growth plate cells via bone morphogenetic protein-2/runt related transcription factor-2 (BMP-2/Runx2) and Indian hedgehog/Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (IHH/PTHrP) expressions. Chondrocytes were isolated, cultured and refined from chicken's tibial growth plates in a special medium. Then chondrocytes were treated with sublethal thiram having less concentration (2.5 μg/mL) to induce cytotoxicity of chondrocyte, and then treated with providential doses (100 μg/mL) of TFRD. Thiram caused distorted morphology of chondrocytes, nuclei appeared disintegration or lysed along with decreased expressions of BMP-2/Runx2 and IHH/PTHrP. TFRD administration not only enhanced the viability of chondrocytes by itself, but also well restored the damage caused by thiram on growth plate chondrocytes by significantly up-regulating the expressions of BMP-2/Runx2 and IHH/PTHrP. Therefore, this study provides a novel insight into the further treatment of TD and other skeletal ailments and lays the foundation for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- South China Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | | | - Yanmei Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, District Poonch, 12350, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Iqbal
- Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Haitao Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet, 860000, PR China.
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Ma Y, Niu X, Yan S, Liu Y, Dong R, Li Y. Circular RNA profiling facilitates the diagnosis and prognostic monitoring of breast cancer: A pair-wise meta-analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 35:e23575. [PMID: 33159705 PMCID: PMC7843259 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to significantly involve in the onset and progression of multiple malignant tumors including breast cancer (BC), this study aims at evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic values of circRNAs in this malady. Methods Available databases were thoroughly searched to collect studies on the diagnosis and/or prognosis of BC using circRNA profiling. The updated Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS‐2) tool and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to assess the underlying bias of included studies. Clinical characteristics of the studies were merged by the quantitative‐weighted integral method to obtain the combined effects. Results Sixteen studies were included, comprising 2438 BC cases and 271 noncancerous controls. The expression signature covered 24 circRNAs (down‐regulated: circ‐VRK1, hsa_circ_0068033, hsa_circ_103110, hsa_circ_104689, and hsa_circ_104821; up‐regulated: circAGFG1, hsa_circ_0001785, hsa_circ_0108942, hsa_circ_0001785, hsa_circ_006054, hsa_circ_100219, hsa_circ_406697, circEPSTI1, circANKS1B, circGFRA1, circ_0103552, CDR1‐AS, has_circ_001569, hsa_circ_001783, circFBXL5, circ_0005230, circAGFG1, circ‐UBAP2, and circ_0006528). The sensitivity and specificity of circRNAs in distinguishing BC patients from noncancerous controls were 0.65 and 0.68, and the corresponding area under the curve was 0.66. Survival analysis revealed that patients showing highly expressed oncogenic circRNAs were associated with increased mortality risks of BC in overall survival (univariate analysis: hazard ratio [HR] = 3.30, P = .000; multivariate analysis: HR = 3.07, P = .000), and disease‐free survival (HR = 8.26, P = .000). Stratified analysis based on circRNA expression status and control type also showed robust results. Conclusions Circular RNA profiling presents prominent diagnostic and prognostic values in BC, and can be rated as a promising tool facilitating its early diagnosis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobin Niu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sha Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuchun Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruihua Dong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongwei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Laschos K, Lampropoulou DI, Aravantinos G, Piperis M, Filippou D, Theodoropoulos G, Gazouli M. Exosomal noncoding RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma: Laboratory noise or hope? World J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 12:407-424. [PMID: 33194090 PMCID: PMC7642347 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i10.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, extracellular vesicles and particularly exosomes have gained a lot of research interest due to their unique roles in several biological processes. Noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs and circular RNAs) represent a class of functional RNA with distinct regulatory roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare but highly aggressive type of malignancy that is very challenging to diagnose, especially in early stages; surgical resection still represents the sole potentially curative treatment option. Hence, there is an urgent need for the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Hereby, we provide a comprehensive review of the most recent discoveries that focus on exosomal noncoding RNAs in cholangio-carcinoma with the aim to identify new molecular players that could be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Laschos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, Athens 14564, Greece
| | - Dimitra Ioanna Lampropoulou
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, Athens 14564, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Aravantinos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargiroi”, Athens 14564, Greece
| | - Maria Piperis
- Radiation Therapy Department, Iatropolis, Athens 15231, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Filippou
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - George Theodoropoulos
- 1st Propaedeutic University Surgery Clinic, Hippocratio General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently circularized RNA moieties that despite being relatively abundant were only recently identified and have only begun to be investigated within the last couple of years. Even though there are many thousands of genes that appear capable of producing circRNAs, and the fact that many circRNAs appear to be highly evolutionarily conserved, the function of all but a few remain to be fully explored. What has been determined, however, is that circRNAs play key regulatory roles in many aspects of biology with focus being given to their function in cancer. Most of the studies to date have found that circRNAs act as master regulator of gene expression most often than not acting to regulate levels though sequestration or "sponging" of other gene expression regulators, particularly miRNAs. They can also function directly modulating transcription, or by interfering with splicing mechanisms. Some circRNAs can also be translated into functional proteins or peptides. A combination of tissue and developmental stage specific expression along with an innate resistance to RNAse activity means that circRNAs show perhaps their greatest potential as novel biomarkers of cancer. In this chapter we consider the current state of knowledge regarding these molecules, their synthesis, function, and association with cancer. We also consider some of the challenges that remain to be overcome to allow this emerging class of RNAs to fulfill their potential in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Solé
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Charles Henderson Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Wang C, Tang D, Wang H, Hu G, Hu S, Li L, Min B, Wang Y. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0030018 acts as a sponge of miR-599 to aggravate esophageal carcinoma progression by regulating ENAH expression. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3730-3738. [PMID: 31736156 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (EC) bears one of the most rapid-growing incidences in cancers, which also has the highest mortality rate worldwide. Multiple studies have authenticated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) significantly work on the progression of cancers. circRNA hsa_circ_0030018 was also verified to exert functions on the development of glioma previously. Nevertheless, the biological function of hsa_circ_0030018 in EC has not been well elucidated yet. In the present study, the results displayed the expression of hsa_circ_0030018 was dramatically increased in EC cells. Inhibition of has_circ_0030018 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in EC. Based on molecular mechanism assays, has_circ_0030018 served as a sponge of miR-599. Enabled homolog (ENAH), which exhibited high expression in EC cells, was confirmed to be a downstream target gene of miR-599. Additionally, has_circ_0030018 positively regulated ENAH expression while miR-599 negatively regulated ENAH expression. Finally, by employing rescue assays, ENAH deficiency partially counteracted the promoting function of miR-599 silence on cell proliferation, migration, and EMT process in EC cotransfected with sh- has_circ_0030018#1 cells. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0030018 acted as a sponge of miR-599 to aggravate EC progression by regulating ENAH expression. Therefore, hsa_circ_0030018 might serve as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Derong Tang
- The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Min
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
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34
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Circular RNAs serve as miRNA sponges in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:1048-1057. [PMID: 32715419 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs are a large group of non-coding RNAs with a closed-loop structure. circRNAs play significant roles in many biological processes as miRNA sponges, regulators for gene transcription, combining with RNA-binding proteins and translation of protein. Nowadays, circRNAs have become a research hotspot in the field of cancer and molecular biology. Accumulating evidences have indicated that circRNAs participate in the initiation and development of various cancers such as breast cancer. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which is the most common malignancy in women. The incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer indicate that it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The goal of the present review is to introduce biogenesis, function characteristics and types of circRNAs, and also their biological functions on breast cancer, especially as miRNA sponges. Additionally, we discuss their use as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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35
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Circular RNAs: Promising Molecular Biomarkers of Human Aging-Related Diseases via Functioning as an miRNA Sponge. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:215-229. [PMID: 32637451 PMCID: PMC7326721 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of noncoding single-stranded RNAs that differ from linear microRNAs (miRNAs), since they form covalently closed loop structures without free 3′ poly(A) tails or 5′ caps. circRNAs are the competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by binding to miRNA through miRNA response elements (MREs) (i.e., “miRNA sponge”), thereby reducing the quantity of miRNA available to target mRNA, subsequently promoting mRNA stability or protein expression, which involves the initiation and progress of human diseases. Owing to these features of abundance, stability, conservative property, and tissue and stage specificity, widely distributing in the extracellular space and in various bodily fluids, circRNAs can be considered as potential biomarkers for various diseases. Here, we reviewed the promising circRNAs being disease biomarkers, focused on their regulatory function by acting as miRNA sponges, and described their roles in cancer, cardiovascular or neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and other human aging-related diseases, which provide a new direction for pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of human aging-related diseases.
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36
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Xu Y, Yao Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Hu Z, Su Z, Li C, Wang H, Jiang X, Kang P, Sun D, Zhong X, Cui Y. Elevation of circular RNA circ_0005230 facilitates cell growth and metastasis via sponging miR-1238 and miR-1299 in cholangiocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1907-1917. [PMID: 30946694 PMCID: PMC6503869 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant carcinoma with high mortality rate worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) functions crucial roles in tumor progression. In this work, we focused on a novel circRNA, circ_0005230, in carcinogenesis and development of CCA. Circ_0005230 levels in CCA specimens and cells were measured by qRT-PCR. The clinical implication of circ_0005230 was analyzed by fisher’s exact test. Gain/loss of-function assays were conducted to reveal the effects of circ_0005230 on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of CCA cells. Xenograft and lung metastatic models were constructed to confirm the in vitro data. Dual luciferase reporter and rescue assays were carried out to illuminate the mechanism behind the regulatory actions. As data showed, circ_0005230 was elevated in tumors and CCA cells. Its expression in tumor samples was related to clinical severity. Functionally, circ_0005230 significantly facilitated cell growth, clone-forming ability and metastatic properties and inhibit cell apoptosis in CCA cells. The in vivo study further validated the in vitro results. However, knockdown of circ_0005230 did not affect normal biliary epithelial (HIBEC) cell growth and apoptosis. For the mechanism investigation, circ_0005230 could directly sponge miR-1238 and miR-1299 to exert its oncogenic functions. Overall, this work showed that circ_0005230 might act as an effective therapeutic target for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yue Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhanliang Hu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhilei Su
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xingming Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Pengcheng Kang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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37
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Liu J, Zhang X, Yan M, Li H. Emerging Role of Circular RNAs in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:663. [PMID: 32670861 PMCID: PMC7326090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are generated mainly from back-splicing of exons in precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs), are a novel class of endogenous covalently closed RNA molecules. Their functions as microRNA sponges, protein scaffolds, and modulators of transcription and splicing, as well as occasional templates for polypeptide production, are beginning to be recognized, though the investigation of circRNAs is in its infancy. circRNAs play critical roles in diverse cellular processes. Aberrant expression of circRNAs in malignancies sustains cellular growth and proliferation, promotes cellular invasiveness, and circumvents cellular senescence and death, suggesting their potential for exploitation as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight recent progress in research on circRNAs in cancer, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms and potential clinical value of circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Meinan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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38
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Lv Y, Wang Z, Zhao K, Zhang G, Huang S, Zhao Y. Role of noncoding RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:7-20. [PMID: 32319584 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumour originating from biliary epithelial cells, and is increasing in incidence. Radical surgery is the main treatment. However, the pathogenesis of CCA is unclear. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are non‑protein‑coding RNAs produced by genomic transcription that include microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). They play important roles in gene expression, epigenetic modification, cell proliferation, differentiation and reproduction. ncRNAs also serve key roles in cancer development. Numerous studies have been carried out on ncRNAs, and associated publications have shown that ncRNAs are closely associated with the physiological and pathological mechanisms of CCA. The findings of these studies can provide new insights into the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of CCA. The present review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanisms of different types of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, circRNAs and lncRNAs in CCA, and their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Guokun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Yongfu Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 476100, P.R. China
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39
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Tran AM, Chalbatani GM, Berland L, Cruz De Los Santos M, Raj P, Jalali SA, Gharagouzloo E, Ivan C, Dragomir MP, Calin GA. A New World of Biomarkers and Therapeutics for Female Reproductive System and Breast Cancers: Circular RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:50. [PMID: 32211400 PMCID: PMC7075436 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most recently (re)discovered types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), circular RNAs (circRNAs) differentiate from other ncRNAs by a specific biogenesis, high stability, and distinct functions. The biogenesis of circRNAs can be categorized into three mechanisms that permit the back-splicing reaction: exon-skipping, pairing of neighboring introns, and dimerization of RNA-binding proteins. Regarding their stability, circRNAs have no free ends, specific to linear RNA molecules, prompting a longer half-life and resistance to exonuclease-mediated activity by RNase R, bypassing the common RNA turnover process. Regarding their functions, circular transcripts can be categorized into four broad roles: miRNA sponging, protein binding, regulation of transcription, and coding for proteins and peptides. Female reproductive system (including mainly ovarian, corpus, and cervix uteri cancers) and breast cancers are the primary causes of death in women worldwide, accounting for over 1,212,772 deaths in 2018. We consider that a better understanding of the molecular pathophysiology through the study of coding and non-coding RNA regulators could improve the diagnosis and therapeutics of these cancers. Developments in the field of circRNA in regard to breast or gynecological cancers are recent, with most circRNA-related discoveries having been made in the last 2 years. Therefore, in this review we summarize the newly detected roles of circRNAs in female reproductive system (cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer) and breast cancers. We argue that circRNAs can become essential elements of the diagnostic and therapeutic tools for female reproductive system cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh M Tran
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lea Berland
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mireia Cruz De Los Santos
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priyank Raj
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Seyed Amir Jalali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Gharagouzloo
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mihnea P Dragomir
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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40
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Liu Y, Yang Y, Wang Z, Fu X, Chu XM, Li Y, Wang Q, He X, Li M, Wang K, Wang JX, Li PF, Yu T. Insights into the regulatory role of circRNA in angiogenesis and clinical implications. Atherosclerosis 2020; 298:14-26. [PMID: 32131039 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the physiological process of new blood vessel formation from existing capillary vessels or posterior capillary veins. Its dysfunction could result in a number of diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer, contributing to death and disability worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of novel identified RNA molecules with a special covalent loop structure without a 5' cap and 3' tail, which can lead to novel back-splicing or skipping events from precursor mRNAs. Accumulating evidence suggests that circRNA play critical roles in diseases; in particular, they are abundantly and abnormally expressed in angiogenesis-related diseases. In this review, we describe the role of circRNA under pathological conditions, discuss the association between circRNA and angiogenesis, classify the regulatory mechanisms and suggest that circRNA can be used as potential therapeutic targets for angiogenesis-related diseases under clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xian-Ming Chu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xingqiang He
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China
| | - Jian-Xun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, China; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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41
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Jin Y, Li L, Zhu T, Liu G. Circular RNA circ_0102049 promotes cell progression as ceRNA to target MDM2 via sponging miR-1304-5p in osteosarcoma. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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42
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Xun J, Wang C, Yao J, Gao B, Zhang L. Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Modulates KLF12 to Regulate Gastric Cancer Progression via PI3K/ATK Signaling Pathway by Sponging miR-618. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10323-10334. [PMID: 31819516 PMCID: PMC6885573 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s223957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) has been reported to dysregulate in many tumors. However, the mechanism of HOTAIR was rarely reported in GC. Methods The levels of HOTAIR, microRNA-618 (miR-618) and Krueppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) in GC tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cell viability and apoptotic rate were assessed via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The migrating and invading abilities were tested by Transwell assay. The protein levels of KLF12, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-ATK and ATK were measured by Western blot assay. These interactions between miR-618 and HOTAIR or KLF12 were predicted by DIANA tools, and then, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were conducted to validate these interactions. Besides, the xenograft tumor experiment was performed to further verify the roles of HOTAIR in GC. Results The levels of HOTAIR and KLF12 were significantly upregulated and the level of miR-618 was strikingly downregulated in GC tissues and cells. miR-618 was verified as a direct target of HOTAIR or KLF12. HOTAIR silencing blocked GC progression and PI3K/ATK signaling pathway by sponging miR-618 and also restrained xenograft tumor growth in vivo. miR-618 inhibited GC progression and PI3K/ATK signaling pathway by targeting KLF12. Mechanistically, HOTAIR modulated KLF12 expression by sponging miR-618 in GC cells. Conclusion These data unraveled that HOTAIR promoted GC progression through PI3K/ATK signaling pathway via miR-618/KLF12 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianning Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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43
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Chen Y, Li Z, Zhang M, Wang B, Ye J, Zhang Y, Tang D, Ma D, Jin W, Li X, Wang S. Circ-ASH2L promotes tumor progression by sponging miR-34a to regulate Notch1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:466. [PMID: 31718694 PMCID: PMC6852927 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been shown to play important roles in different tumors. However, their detailed roles and regulatory mechanisms in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are not well understood. This study aimed to identify enriched circRNAs and detect their functions and mechanisms in PDAC cells and tissues. METHODS circRNA-ASH2L (circ-ASH2L) was identified by circRNA microarray studies based on previous studies, and further detected in PDAC cells and samples by qRT-PCR. The functions of circ-ASH2L were identified by transwell, EdU, cell cycle or Tube formation assays. The regulatory mechanisms of circ-ASH2L were explored by WB, RIP, FISH, dual-luciferase assays, RNA pulldown or other assays. RESULTS We identified a circRNA (circ-ASH2L) based on our previous studies, detected its expression in different malignant cells and found that circ-ASH2L was highly expressed in pancreatic cells or tumor tissues and correlated with tumor malignancy. Further studies revealed that circ-ASH2L promoted tumor invasion, proliferation and angiogenesis by regulating miR-34a, thus regulate Notch 1 expression. Circ-ASH2L served as a miRNA sponge for miR-34a and promoted tumor progression in vivo. Finally, we analyzed circ-ASH2L expression in clinical tissues and found that high circ-ASH2L expression was correlated with lymphatic invasion and TNM stage and was an independent risk factor for pancreatic patient survival. CONCLUSIONS circ-ASH2L play an important role in tumor invasion, and high circ-ASH2L may be a useful marker of PDAC diagnosis or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, 985 Hospital of PLA, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonghu Li
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Mengyun Zhang
- Department Rheumatology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Central Theater Command general hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaxin Ye
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Di Tang
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Weidong Jin
- Dept. general surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of PLA, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaowu Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Hepatobiliary Surgery & Carson International Cancer Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Center Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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44
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Gao F, Du Y, Zhang Y, Ren D, Xu J, Chen D. Circ-EZH2 knockdown reverses DDAH1 and CBX3-mediated cell growth and invasion in glioma through miR-1265 sponge activity. Gene 2019; 726:144196. [PMID: 31669648 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated the important roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in different tumors. However, their detailed regulatory mechanisms in glioma are not fully understood. In this study, the functional role of a novel circRNA, circ-EZH2, was investigated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell experiments. The regulatory mechanism of circ-EZH2 was explored by bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and dual-luciferase reporter assay. We identified that circ-EZH2 was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cell lines. Further studies revealed that ectopic expression of circ-EZH2 significantly promoted cell growth, migration and invasion but inhibited cell apoptosis. By contrast, silencing of circ-EZH2 induced the opposite effects. Additionally, we found circ-EZH2 served as a miRNA sponge for miR-1265 to release its suppression on DDAH1 and CBX3. Rescue assays further revealed that the oncogenic function of circ-EZH2 was partly dependent on its modulation of DDAH1 and CBX3. Our study unraveled a novel molecular pathway in glioma and may provide a new perspective for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengquan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Deshuai Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China.
| | - Jiazhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Dagang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
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45
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Liu J, Hou K, Ji H, Mi S, Yu G, Hu S, Wang J. Overexpression of circular RNA circ‐CDC45 facilitates glioma cell progression by sponging miR‐516b and miR‐527 and predicts an adverse prognosis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:690-697. [PMID: 31407396 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Kuiyuan Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Hang Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Shan Mi
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Guangna Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
| | - Jianjiao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
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46
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Qu Y, Zhu J, Liu J, Qi L. Circular RNA circ_0079593 indicates a poor prognosis and facilitates cell growth and invasion by sponging miR-182 and miR-433 in glioma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18005-18013. [PMID: 31148222 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the major global health problems, including in China. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been increasingly identified and characterized in almost every aspect of biology, especially in cancer biology. This research desires to explore the functions and mechanism of a novel circRNA, circ_0079593, on regulating glioma progression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to measure the relative expression of circ_0079593, which was upregulated in matched cancerous tissues from 60 patients and four cell lines of glioma. A higher level of circ_0079593 in glioma specimens was linked to larger tumor size, higher WHO grade, and worse survival rate for patients with glioma. Moreover, circ_0079593 can be deemed as an independent prognostic predictor for glioma patients analyzed by multivariate method. Cell counting kit-8, flow cytometric, wound healing, and transwell experiments were used to evaluate cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion influenced by circ_0079593 knockdown/overexpression. Exogenous downregulation of circ_0079593 expression significantly suppressed glioma cell proliferation by increasing cell apoptosis in vitro, and retarded the migratory and invasive potential. Ectopic expressed circ_0079593 could induce the opposite effects. Mechanistically, bioinformatics analysis, qRT-PCR, and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that microRNA 182 (miR-182) and miR-433 could be sponged and negatively regulated by circ_0079593. Further, rescue assays demonstrated that the biological functions of circ_0079593 are dependent on its inhibition of miR-182 and miR-433. Collectively, the present work indicates that circ_0079593 may be used as an effective prognostic marker and therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qiqihar Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qiqihar Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qiqihar Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Li Qi
- Department of Nursing, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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47
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Yang L, Song C, Chen Y, Jing G, Sun J. Circular RNA circ_0103552 forecasts dismal prognosis and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion by sponging miR‐1236. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15553-15560. [PMID: 31056795 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yang
- Department of Oncology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China
| | - Chang Song
- Department of Foreign Languages Dalian Jiaotong University Dalian China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China
| | - Guilian Jing
- Department of Oncology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China
| | - Jingwen Sun
- Department of Oncology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China
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48
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Liu G, Shi H, Deng L, Zheng H, Kong W, Wen X, Bi H. Circular RNA circ-FOXM1 facilitates cell progression as ceRNA to target PPDPF and MACC1 by sponging miR-1304-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:207-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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49
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Tomar D, Yadav AS, Kumar D, Bhadauriya G, Kundu GC. Non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1863:194378. [PMID: 31048026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Paradigm shifting studies especially involving non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) during last few decades have significantly changed the scientific perspectives regarding the complexity of cellular signalling pathways. Several studies have shown that the non-coding RNAs, initially ignored as transcriptional noise or products of erroneous transcription; actually regulate plethora of biological phenomena ranging from developmental processes to various diseases including cancer. Current strategies that are employed for the management of various cancers including that of breast fall short when their undesired side effects like Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) enrichment, low recurrence-free survival and development of drug resistance are taken into consideration. This review aims at exploring the potential role of ncRNAs as therapeutics in breast cancer, by providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanism of action and function and their crucial contribution in regulating various aspects of breast cancer progression such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, EMT, CSCs, drug resistance and metastasis. In addition, we also provide information about various strategies that can be employed or are under development to explore them as potential moieties that may be used for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Tomar
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.
| | - Amit S Yadav
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Garima Bhadauriya
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.
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50
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Ding L, Zhang H. Circ-ATP8A2 promotes cell proliferation and invasion as a ceRNA to target EGFR by sponging miR-433 in cervical cancer. Gene 2019; 705:103-108. [PMID: 31029604 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC), a common gynecological carcinoma, is a serious threat to women's health. The dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is associated with the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Therefore, we explored the role of circ-ATP8A2 in CC cell development and progression. Circ-ATP8A2 profiles in CC specimens and cells were detected using real-time PCR. In addition, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB), flow cytometric, and Transwell experiments were carried out on HeLa and SW756 cells to determine cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Furthermore, the mechanism of circ-ATP8A2 was explored by dual-luciferase reporter system. Circ-ATP8A2 was significantly enhanced in CC specimens and cells. Knockdown of circ-ATP8A2 inhibited cell proliferation, migratory and invasive capacities and increased apoptotic cells. Ectopically expressed circ-ATP8A2 induced the opposite effects. For the mechanism exploration, circ-ATP8A2 sponges miR-433 to release its suppression on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression at post-transcriptional level. What's more, circ-ATP8A2 could promote cell progression by miR-433/EGFR axis in CC cells. Collectively, this work might offer a potential treatment target for CC. ABBREVIATIONS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- Department of Clinical Skills Experimental Teaching Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China.
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