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Gong X, Wang N, Zhu H, Tang N, Wu K, Meng Q. Anti-NMDAR antibodies, the blood-brain barrier, and anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1283511. [PMID: 38145121 PMCID: PMC10748502 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1283511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an antibody-related autoimmune encephalitis. It is characterized by the existence of antibodies against NMDAR, mainly against the GluN1 subunit, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Recent research suggests that anti-NMDAR antibodies may reduce NMDAR levels in this disorder, compromising synaptic activity in the hippocampus. Although anti-NMDAR antibodies are used as diagnostic indicators, the origin of antibodies in the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which separates the brain from the peripheral circulatory system, is crucial for antibodies and immune cells to enter or exit the CNS. The findings of cytokines in this disorder support the involvement of the BBB. Here, we aim to review the function of NMDARs and the relationship between anti-NMDAR antibodies and anti-NMDAR encephalitis. We summarize the present knowledge of the composition of the BBB, especially by emphasizing the role of BBB components. Finally, we further provide a discussion on the impact of BBB dysfunction in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiarong Gong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of MR, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Niya Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kunhua Wu
- Department of MR, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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D’Alessio A. Unraveling the Cave: A Seventy-Year Journey into the Caveolar Network, Cellular Signaling, and Human Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2680. [PMID: 38067108 PMCID: PMC10705299 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mid-1950s, a groundbreaking discovery revealed the fascinating presence of caveolae, referred to as flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane, sparking renewed excitement in the field of cell biology. Caveolae are small, flask-shaped invaginations in the cell membrane that play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes, including endocytosis, lipid homeostasis, and signal transduction. The structural stability and functionality of these specialized membrane microdomains are attributed to the coordinated activity of scaffolding proteins, including caveolins and cavins. While caveolae and caveolins have been long appreciated for their integral roles in cellular physiology, the accumulating scientific evidence throughout the years reaffirms their association with a broad spectrum of human disorders. This review article aims to offer a thorough account of the historical advancements in caveolae research, spanning from their initial discovery to the recognition of caveolin family proteins and their intricate contributions to cellular functions. Furthermore, it will examine the consequences of a dysfunctional caveolar network in the development of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio D’Alessio
- Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Dalton CM, Schlegel C, Hunter CJ. Caveolin-1: A Review of Intracellular Functions, Tissue-Specific Roles, and Epithelial Tight Junction Regulation. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1402. [PMID: 37998001 PMCID: PMC10669080 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is a vital protein for many cellular processes and is involved in both the positive and negative regulation of these processes. Cav1 exists in multiple cellular compartments depending on its role. Of particular interest is its contribution to the formation of plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae and its involvement in cytoskeletal interactions, endocytosis, and cholesterol trafficking. Cav1 participates in stem cell differentiation as well as proliferation and cell death pathways, which is implicated in tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, Cav1 has tissue-specific functions that are adapted to the requirements of the cells within those tissues. Its role has been described in adipose, lung, pancreatic, and vascular tissue and in epithelial barrier maintenance. In both the intestinal and the blood brain barriers, Cav1 has significant interactions with junctional complexes that manage barrier integrity. Tight junctions have a close relationship with Cav1 and this relationship affects both their level of expression and their location within the cell. The ubiquitous nature of Cav1 both within the cell and within specific tissues is what makes the protein important for ongoing research as it can assist in further understanding pathophysiologic processes and can potentially be a target for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody M. Dalton
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma Children’s Hospital, 1200 Everett Drive, ET NP 2320, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.S.); (C.J.H.)
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, 800 Research Parkway, Suite 449, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Camille Schlegel
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma Children’s Hospital, 1200 Everett Drive, ET NP 2320, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.S.); (C.J.H.)
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, 800 Research Parkway, Suite 449, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Catherine J. Hunter
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Oklahoma Children’s Hospital, 1200 Everett Drive, ET NP 2320, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.S.); (C.J.H.)
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, 800 Research Parkway, Suite 449, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Islam M, Behura SK. Role of caveolin-1 in metabolic programming of fetal brain. iScience 2023; 26:107710. [PMID: 37720105 PMCID: PMC10500482 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking caveolin-1 (Cav1), a key protein of plasma membrane, exhibit brain aging at an early adult stage. Here, integrative analyses of metabolomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, and single-cell data were performed to test the hypothesis that metabolic deregulation of fetal brain due to the ablation of Cav1 is linked to brain aging in these mice. The results of this study show that lack of Cav1 caused deregulation in the lipid and amino acid metabolism in the fetal brain, and genes associated with these deregulated metabolites were significantly altered in the brain upon aging. Moreover, ablation of Cav1 deregulated several metabolic genes in specific cell types of the fetal brain and impacted DNA methylation of those genes in coordination with mouse epigenetic clock. The findings of this study suggest that the aging program of brain is confounded by metabolic abnormalities in the fetal stage due to the absence of Cav1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Islam
- Division of Animal Sciences, 920 East Campus Drive, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Susanta K. Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, 920 East Campus Drive, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Interdisciplinary Reproduction and Health Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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5
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Cao D, Li B, Cao C, Zhang J, Li X, Li H, Yu Z, Shen H, Ye M. Caveolin-1 aggravates neurological deficits by activating neuroinflammation following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114508. [PMID: 37598879 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the stroke subtypes with the highest mortality. Secondary brain injury is associated with neurological dysfunction and poor prognosis after ICH. Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is the key protein of Caveolae. Previous studies have shown that CAV1 plays an important role in central nervous system diseases, and pointed out that in a collagenase-induced ICH model in vivo, CAV1 is associated with neuroinflammatory activation and poor neurological prognosis. In this study, we explore the role and the molecular mechanism of CAV1 in brain injury via a rat autologous whole blood injection model and an in vitro model of ICH. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats ICH model was induced through autologous whole blood injecting into the right basal ganglia. The changes in protein levels of CAV1 in brain tissues of ICH rats were detected by western blot analysis. The immunofluorescent staining was used to explore the changes of CAV1 in microglia/macrophages (Iba1+ cells). Lentivirus vectors were administered by intracerebroventricular injection to induce CAV1 overexpression and knockdown respectively. The western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and Nissl staining were performed to explore the role of CAV1 in secondary brain injury after ICH. Meanwhile, the rotarod test, foot fault test, adhesive-removal test, and Modified Garcia Test, as well as Morris Water Maze test, were performed to evaluate the behavioral cognitive impairment of ICH rats after genetic intervention. Additionally, BV-2 cells treated with oxygen hemoglobin for 24 h, were used as an in vitro model of ICH in this study to explore the molecular mechanism of CAV1 in brain injury; we performed western blot analysis after precise regulation of CAV1 in BV2 cells to observe changes in protein levels and phosphorylated levels of C-Src, IKK-β, and NF-κB. RESULTS The expression of CAV1 in microglia/macrophages (Iba1+ cells) was elevated and reached the peak at 24 h after ICH. CAV1 knockdown ameliorated ICH-induced neurological deficits, while CAV1 overexpression significantly worsened neurological dysfunction of ICH rats. CAV1 knockdown attenuated cellular apoptosis and promoted neuronal survival in brain tissues of ICH rats, while the ICH rats with CAV1 overexpression presented more cellular apoptosis and neuronal loss. Meanwhile, CAV1 knockdown inhibited the microglia activation and neuroinflammatory response, while CAV1 overexpression abolished these effects and aggravated neuroinflammation in brain tissues of ICH rats. Additionally, by inducing to CAV1 knockdown in BV2 cells in an in vitro model of ICH, the levels of p-C-Src, CAV-1, p-CAV-1, and p-IKK-β in cytoplasm and the level of NF-κB p65 in nucleus of BV2 cells were significantly decreased, while they were increased by inducing to CAV1 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Our research revealed CAV1 aggravated neurological dysfunction in a rat ICH model. CAV1 knockdown exerted neuroprotective effect by suppressing microglia activation and neuroinflammation after ICH might via the C-Src/CAV1/IKK-β/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demao Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng 224006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Neurocritical Intensive Care Unit, Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juyi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ming Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Cottarelli A, Shahriar S, Arac A, Glendinning M, Tuohy MC, Prochilo G, Neal JB, Edinger AL, Agalliu D. Rab7a activation promotes degradation of select tight junction proteins at the blood-brain barrier after ischemic stroke. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.29.555373. [PMID: 37693406 PMCID: PMC10491261 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.29.555373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The stability of tight junctions (TJs) between endothelial cells (ECs) is essential to maintain blood-brain barrier (BBB) function in the healthy brain. Following ischemic stroke, TJ strand dismantlement due to protein degradation leads to BBB dysfunction, yet the mechanisms driving this process are poorly understood. Here, we show that endothelial-specific ablation of Rab7a, a small GTPase that regulates endolysosomal protein degradation, reduces stroke-induced TJ strand disassembly resulting in decreased paracellular BBB permeability and improved neuronal outcomes. Two pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα and IL1β, but not glucose and oxygen deprivation, induce Rab7a activation via Ccz1 in brain ECs in vitro, leading to increased TJ protein degradation and impaired paracellular barrier function. Silencing Rab7a in brain ECs in vitro reduces cytokine-driven endothelial barrier dysfunction by suppressing degradation of a key BBB TJ protein, Claudin-5. Thus, Rab7a activation by inflammatory cytokines promotes degradation of select TJ proteins leading to BBB dysfunction after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Cottarelli
- Departments of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sanjid Shahriar
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ahmet Arac
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California in Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Michael Glendinning
- Departments of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mary Claire Tuohy
- Departments of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Grace Prochilo
- Departments of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jason B. Neal
- Departments of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Baylor Scott and White Health, Dallas, TX, 75226, USA
| | - Aimee L. Edinger
- Departments of Developmental and Cell Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dritan Agalliu
- Departments of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Dorschel KB, Wanebo JE. Physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of the molecular and cellular biology of angiogenesis and inflammation in moyamoya angiopathy and related vascular diseases. Front Neurol 2023; 14:661611. [PMID: 37273690 PMCID: PMC10236939 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.661611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale The etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) remain largely unknown. MMA is a progressive, occlusive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by recurrent ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes; with compensatory formation of an abnormal network of perforating blood vessels that creates a collateral circulation; and by aberrant angiogenesis at the base of the brain. Imbalance of angiogenic and vasculogenic mechanisms has been proposed as a potential cause of MMA. Moyamoya vessels suggest that aberrant angiogenic, arteriogenic, and vasculogenic processes may be involved in the pathophysiology of MMA. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells have been hypothesized to contribute to vascular remodeling in MMA. MMA is associated with increased expression of angiogenic factors and proinflammatory molecules. Systemic inflammation may be related to MMA pathogenesis. Objective This literature review describes the molecular mechanisms associated with cerebrovascular dysfunction, aberrant angiogenesis, and inflammation in MMA and related cerebrovascular diseases along with treatment strategies and future research perspectives. Methods and results References were identified through a systematic computerized search of the medical literature from January 1, 1983, through July 29, 2022, using the PubMed, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews, CNKI, ISI web of science, and Medline databases and various combinations of the keywords "moyamoya," "angiogenesis," "anastomotic network," "molecular mechanism," "physiology," "pathophysiology," "pathogenesis," "biomarker," "genetics," "signaling pathway," "blood-brain barrier," "endothelial progenitor cells," "endothelial function," "inflammation," "intracranial hemorrhage," and "stroke." Relevant articles and supplemental basic science articles almost exclusively published in English were included. Review of the reference lists of relevant publications for additional sources resulted in 350 publications which met the study inclusion criteria. Detection of growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines in MMA patients suggests the hypothesis of aberrant angiogenesis being involved in MMA pathogenesis. It remains to be ascertained whether these findings are consequences of MMA or are etiological factors of MMA. Conclusions MMA is a heterogeneous disorder, comprising various genotypes and phenotypes, with a complex pathophysiology. Additional research may advance our understanding of the pathophysiology involved in aberrant angiogenesis, arterial stenosis, and the formation of moyamoya collaterals and anastomotic networks. Future research will benefit from researching molecular pathophysiologic mechanisms and the correlation of clinical and basic research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten B. Dorschel
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University Medical School, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John E. Wanebo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, HonorHealth Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
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Carvalho-Rosa JD, Rodrigues NC, Silva-Cruz A, Vaz SH, Cunha-Reis D. Epileptiform activity influences theta-burst induced LTP in the adult hippocampus: a role for synaptic lipid raft disruption in early metaplasticity? Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1117697. [PMID: 37228704 PMCID: PMC10203237 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1117697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-epileptic seizures are identified as a common epileptogenic trigger. Early metaplasticity following seizures may contribute to epileptogenesis by abnormally altering synaptic strength and homeostatic plasticity. We now studied how in vitro epileptiform activity (EA) triggers early changes in CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by theta-burst stimulation (TBS) in rat hippocampal slices and the involvement of lipid rafts in these early metaplasticity events. Two forms of EA were induced: (1) interictal-like EA evoked by Mg2+ withdrawal and K+ elevation to 6 mM in the superfusion medium or (2) ictal-like EA induced by bicuculline (10 μM). Both EA patterns induced and LTP-like effect on CA1 synaptic transmission prior to LTP induction. LTP induced 30 min post EA was impaired, an effect more pronounced after ictal-like EA. LTP recovered to control levels 60 min post interictal-like EA but was still impaired 60 min after ictal-like EA. The synaptic molecular events underlying this altered LTP were investigated 30 min post EA in synaptosomes isolated from these slices. EA enhanced AMPA GluA1 Ser831 phosphorylation but decreased Ser845 phosphorylation and the GluA1/GluA2 ratio. Flotillin-1 and caveolin-1 were markedly decreased concomitantly with a marked increase in gephyrin levels and a less prominent increase in PSD-95. Altogether, EA differentially influences hippocampal CA1 LTP thorough regulation of GluA1/GluA2 levels and AMPA GluA1 phosphorylation suggesting that altered LTP post-seizures is a relevant target for antiepileptogenic therapies. In addition, this metaplasticity is also associated with marked alterations in classic and synaptic lipid raft markers, suggesting these may also constitute promising targets in epileptogenesis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- José D. Carvalho-Rosa
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nádia C. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Armando Silva-Cruz
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra H. Vaz
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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The prognostic value of caveolin-1 levels in ischemic stroke patients after mechanical thrombectomy. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:2081-2086. [PMID: 36746844 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The impact of serum caveolin-1 (Cav-1) on clinical outcomes in patients after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between serum cav-1 levels and the 3-month functional outcome. METHODS We prospectively enrolled and analyzed patients with an anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who underwent MT. Serum cav-1 concentrations were tested after admission. The primary outcome was a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6. RESULTS Of the 237 recruited patients (mean age, 69.7 ± 12.1 years; 152 male), 131 (55.3%) experienced a 90-day poor outcome. After adjustment for demographic characteristics and other covariates, patients with higher serum Cav-1 levels had a reduced risk of poor outcome at 3 months (Per 1-standard deviation increase; odd ratios [OR], 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 - 0.89, P = 0.013). Elevated Cav-1 concentrations (Per 1-standard deviation increase; OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40 - 0.88, P = 0.011) were significantly associated with a favorable shift in modified Rankin Scale score distribution. Similar results were confirmed when the Cav-1 levels were analyzed as a categorical variable. Furthermore, the restricted cubic spline showed a linear association between Cav-1 levels and 90-day poor outcome (P = 0.032 for linearity). CONCLUSIONS Increased serum Cav-1 levels were associated with improved prognosis at 3 months in ischemic stroke patients after MT, suggesting that Cav-1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for ischemic stroke after reperfusion therapy.
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10
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Yang W, Wu W, Zhao Y, Li Y, Zhang C, Zhang J, Chen C, Cui S. Caveolin-1 suppresses hippocampal neuron apoptosis via the regulation of HIF1α in hypoxia in naked mole-rats. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:2060-2074. [PMID: 36054154 PMCID: PMC9826031 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Naked mole-rats (NMRs) (Heterocephalus glaber) are highly social and subterranean rodents with large communal colonies in burrows containing low oxygen levels. The inhibition of severe hypoxic conditions is of particular interest to this study. To understand the mechanisms that facilitate neuronal preservation during hypoxia, we investigated the proteins regulating hypoxia tolerance in NMR hippocampal neurons. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a transmembrane scaffolding protein, confers prosurvival signalling in the central nervous system. The present study aimed to investigate the role of Cav-1 in hypoxia-induced neuronal injury. Western blotting analysis and immunocytochemistry showed that Cav-1 expression was significantly upregulated in NMR hippocampal neurons under 8% O2 conditions for 8 h. Cav-1 alleviates apoptotic neuronal death from hypoxia. Downregulation of Cav-1 by lentiviral vectors suggested damage to NMR hippocampal neurons under hypoxic conditions in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Cav-1 by LV-Cav-1 enhanced hypoxic tolerance of NMR hippocampal neurons in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are also increased under hypoxic conditions. After inhibiting the binding of HIF-1α to hypoxia response elements in the DNA by echinomycin, Cav-1 levels were downregulated significantly. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed the direct role of HIF1α in regulating the expression levels of Cav-1 in NMR hippocampal neurons under hypoxic conditions. These findings suggest that Cav-1 plays a critical role in modulating the apoptosis of NMR hippocampal neurons and warrant further studies targeting Cav-1 to treat hypoxia-associated brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Department of Laboratory Animal CenterAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ying Zhao
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shufang Cui
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, School of Basic MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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11
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Zhao Y, Zhu W, Wan T, Zhang X, Li Y, Huang Z, Xu P, Huang K, Ye R, Xie Y, Liu X. Vascular endothelium deploys caveolin-1 to regulate oligodendrogenesis after chronic cerebral ischemia in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6813. [PMID: 36357389 PMCID: PMC9649811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligovascular coupling contributes to white matter vascular homeostasis. However, little is known about the effects of oligovascular interaction on oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) changes in chronic cerebral ischemia. Here, using a mouse of bilateral carotid artery stenosis, we show a gradual accumulation of OPCs on vasculature with impaired oligodendrogenesis. Mechanistically, chronic ischemia induces a substantial loss of endothelial caveolin-1 (Cav-1), leading to vascular secretion of heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α). Endothelial-specific over-expression of Cav-1 or genetic knockdown of vascular HSP90α restores normal vascular-OPC interaction, promotes oligodendrogenesis and attenuates ischemic myelin damage. miR-3074(-1)-3p is identified as a direct inducer of Cav-1 reduction in mice and humans. Endothelial uptake of nanoparticle-antagomir improves myelin damage and cognitive deficits dependent on Cav-1. In summary, our findings demonstrate that vascular abnormality may compromise oligodendrogenesis and myelin regeneration through endothelial Cav-1, which may provide an intercellular mechanism in ischemic demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Wusheng Zhu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Ting Wan
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shanxi 710032 China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Yunzi Li
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Zhenqian Huang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
| | - Kangmo Huang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Ruidong Ye
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Yi Xie
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000 China ,grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Stroke Center & Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036 Anhui China
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12
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Xue Y, Wang X, Wan B, Wang D, Li M, Cheng K, Luo Q, Wang D, Lu Y, Zhu L. Caveolin-1 accelerates hypoxia-induced endothelial dysfunction in high-altitude cerebral edema. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:160. [PMID: 36253854 PMCID: PMC9575296 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a serious and potentially fatal brain injury that is caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure. Vasogenic edema is the main pathological factor of this condition. Hypoxia-induced disruptions of tight junctions in the endothelium trigger blood‒brain barrier (BBB) damage and induce vasogenic edema. Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) acts as a major regulator of hypoxia-induced endothelial cell injury, and caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is upregulated as its downstream gene in hypoxic endothelial cells. This study aimed to investigate whether CAV-1 is involved in HACE progression and the underlying mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 mice were exposed to HH (7600 m above sea level) for 24 h, and BBB injury was assessed by brain water content, Evans blue staining and FITC-dextran leakage. Immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscope, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), transcytosis assays, and western blotting were performed to confirm the role and underlying mechanism of CAV-1 in the disruption of tight junctions and BBB permeability. Mice or bEnd.3 cells were pretreated with MβCD, a specific blocker of CAV-1, and the effect of CAV-1 on claudin-5 internalization under hypoxic conditions was detected by immunofluorescence, western blotting, and TEER. The expression of NRF1 was knocked down, and the regulation of CAV-1 by NRF1 under hypoxic conditions was examined by qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Results The BBB was severely damaged and was accompanied by a significant loss of vascular tight junction proteins in HACE mice. CAV-1 was significantly upregulated in endothelial cells, and claudin-5 explicitly colocalized with CAV-1. During the in vitro experiments, hypoxia increased cell permeability, CAV-1 expression, and claudin-5 internalization and downregulated tight junction proteins. Simultaneously, hypoxia induced the upregulation of CAV-1 by activating NRF1. Blocking CAV-1-mediated intracellular transport improved the integrity of TJs in hypoxic endothelial cells and effectively inhibited the increase in BBB permeability and brain water content in HH animals. Conclusions Hypoxia upregulated CAV-1 transcription via the activation of NRF1 in endothelial cells, thus inducing the internalization and autophagic degradation of claudin-5. These effects lead to the destruction of the BBB and trigger HACE. Therefore, CAV-1 may be a potential therapeutic target for HACE. Video abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00976-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China.,Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, 226010, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Baolan Wan
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Meiqi Li
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yapeng Lu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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13
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Endothelial caveolin-1 regulates cerebral thrombo-inflammation in acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104275. [PMID: 36152520 PMCID: PMC9508414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombo-inflammation is an important checkpoint that orchestrates infarct development in ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we explored the role of endothelial Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in cerebral thrombo-inflammation. METHODS The correlation between serum Cav-1 level and clinical outcome was analyzed in acute ischemic stroke patients with successful recanalization. Genetic manipulations by endothelial-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) and siRNA were applied to investigate the effects of Cav-1 in thrombo-inflammation in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model. Thrombo-inflammation was analyzed by microthrombosis formation, myeloid cell infiltration, and endothelial expression of adhesion molecules as well as inflammatory factors. FINDINGS Reduced circulating Cav-1, with the potential to predict microembolic signals, was more frequently detected in recanalized stroke patients without early neurological improvement. At 24 h after tMCAO, serum Cav-1 was consistently reduced in mice. Endothelial Cav-1 was decreased in the peri-infarct region. Cav-1-/- endothelium, with prominent barrier disruption, displayed extensive microthrombosis, accompanied by increased myeloid cell inflammatory infiltration after tMCAO. Specific enhanced expression of endothelial Cav-1 by AAV-Tie1-Cav-1 remarkably reduced infarct volume, attenuated vascular hyper-permeability and alleviated thrombo-inflammation in both wild-type and Cav-1-/- tMCAO mice. Transcriptome analysis after tMCAO further designated Rxrg as the most significantly changed molecule resulting from the knockdown of Cav-1. Supplementation of RXR-γ siRNA reversed AAV-Tie1-Cav-1-induced amelioration of thrombo-inflammation without affecting endothelial tight junction. INTERPRETATION Endothelial Cav-1/RXR-γ may regulate infarct volume and neurological impairment, possibly through selectively controlling thrombo-inflammation coupling, in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. FUNDING This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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14
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Atis M, Akcan U, Altunsu D, Ayvaz E, Uğur Yılmaz C, Sarıkaya D, Temizyürek A, Ahıshalı B, Girouard H, Kaya M. Targeting the blood-brain barrier disruption in hypertension by ALK5/TGF-Β type I receptor inhibitor SB-431542 and dynamin inhibitor dynasore. Brain Res 2022; 1794:148071. [PMID: 36058283 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we aimed to target two molecules, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and dynamin to explore their roles in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in hypertension. METHODS For this purpose, angiotensin (ANG) II-induced hypertensive mice were treated with SB-431542, an inhibitor of the ALK5/TGF-β type I receptor, and dynasore, an inhibitor of dynamin. Albumin-Alexa fluor 594 was used to assess BBB permeability. The alterations in the expression of claudin-5, caveolin (Cav)-1, glucose transporter (Glut)-1, and SMAD4 in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus were evaluated by quantification of immunofluorescence staining intensity. RESULTS ANG II infusion increased BBB permeability to albumin-Alexa fluor 594 which was reduced by SB-431542 (P < 0.01), but not by dynasore. In hypertensive animals treated with dynasore, claudin-5 immunofluorescence intensity increased in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus while it decreased in the cerebral cortex of SB-431542 treated hypertensive mice (P < 0.01). Both dynasore and SB-431542 prevented the increased Cav-1 immunofluorescence intensity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of hypertensive animals (P < 0.01). SB-431542 and dynasore decreased Glut-1 immunofluorescence intensity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice receiving ANG II (P < 0.01). SB-431542 increased SMAD4 immunofluorescence intensity in the cerebral cortex of hypertensive animals, while in the hippocampus a significant decrease was noted by both SB-431542 and dynasore (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that inhibition of the TGFβ type I receptor prevents BBB disruption under hypertensive conditions. These results emphasize the therapeutic potential of targeting TGFβ signaling as a novel treatment modality to protect the brain of hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Atis
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Akcan
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Altunsu
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ecem Ayvaz
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Uğur Yılmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, Biomedical Centrum, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Deniz Sarıkaya
- Department of Physiology, Koç University School of Medicine, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Temizyürek
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bülent Ahıshalı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Koç University School of Medicine, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hélène Girouard
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mehmet Kaya
- Department of Physiology, Koç University School of Medicine, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey; Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey.
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15
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Zhao X, Yang X, An Z, Liu L, Yong J, Xing H, Huang R, Tian J, Song X. Pathophysiology and molecular mechanism of caveolin involved in myocardial protection strategies in ischemic conditioning. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113282. [PMID: 35750009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple pathophysiological pathways are activated during the process of myocardial injury. Various cardioprotective strategies protect the myocardium from ischemia, infarction, and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through different targets, yet the clinical translation remains limited. Caveolae and its structure protein, caveolins, have been suggested as a bridge to transmit damage-preventing signals and mediate the protection of ultrastructure in cardiomyocytes under pathological conditions. In this review, we first briefly introduce caveolae and caveolins. Then we review the cardioprotective strategies mediated by caveolins through various pathophysiological pathways. Finally, some possible research directions are proposed to provide future experiments and clinical translation perspectives targeting caveolin based on the investigative evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xueyao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ziyu An
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jingwen Yong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Haoran Xing
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Rongchong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95th Yong An Road, Xuan Wu District, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jinfan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Xiantao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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16
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Erickson MA, Banks WA. Transcellular routes of blood-brain barrier disruption. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:788-796. [PMID: 35243912 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221080745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can occur through different mechanisms and pathways. As these pathways result in increased permeability to different classes of substances, it is likely that the neurological insults that occur will also differ for these pathways. The major categories of BBB disruption are paracellular (between cells) and transcellular (across cells) with a subcategory of transcellular leakage involving vesicles (transcytotic). Older literature, as well as more recent studies, highlights the importance of the transcellular pathways in BBB disruption. Of the various transcytotic mechanisms that are thought to be active at the BBB, some are linked to receptor-mediated transcytosis, whereas others are likely involved in BBB disruption. For most capillary beds, transcytotic mechanisms are less clearly linked to permeability than are membrane spanning canaliculi and fenestrations. Disruption pathways share cellular mechanisms to some degree as exemplified by transcytotic caveolar and transcellular canaliculi formations. The discovery of some of the cellular components involved in transcellular mechanisms of BBB disruption and the ability to measure them are adding greatly to our classic knowledge, which is largely based on ultrastructural studies. Future work will likely address the conditions and diseases under which the various pathways of disruption are active, the different impacts that they have, and the cellular biology that underlies the different pathways to disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Erickson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - William A Banks
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
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17
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Gubern-Mérida C, Comajoan P, Huguet G, García-Yebenes I, Lizasoain I, Moro MA, Puig-Parnau I, Sánchez JM, Serena J, Kádár E, Castellanos M. Cav-1 Protein Levels in Serum and Infarcted Brain Correlate with Hemorrhagic Volume in a Mouse Model of Thromboembolic Stroke, Independently of rt-PA Administration. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1320-1332. [PMID: 34984586 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is currently the only FDA-approved drug for acute ischemic stroke. However, its administration is still limited due to the associated increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT). rt-PA may exacerbate blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury by several mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a major structural protein of caveolae, has been linked to the endothelial barrier function. The effects of rt-PA on Cav-1 expression remain largely unknown. Here, Cav-1 protein expression after ischemic conditions, with or without rt-PA administration, was analyzed in a murine thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in brain microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD). Our results show that Cav-1 is overexpressed in endothelial cells of infarcted area and in bEnd.3 cell line after ischemia but there is disagreement regarding rt-PA effects on Cav-1 expression between both experimental models. Delayed rt-PA administration significantly reduced Cav-1 total levels from 24 to 72 h after reoxygenation and increased pCav-1/Cav-1 at 72 h in the bEnd.3 cells while it did not modify Cav-1 immunoreactivity in the infarcted area at 24 h post-MCAO. Importantly, tissue Cav-1 positively correlated with Cav-1 serum levels at 24 h post-MCAO and negatively correlated with the volume of hemorrhage after infarction, the latter supporting a protective role of Cav-1 in cerebral ischemia. In addition, the negative association between baseline serum Cav-1 levels and hemorrhagic volume points to a potential usefulness of baseline serum Cav-1 levels to predict hemorrhagic volume, independently of rt-PA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carme Gubern-Mérida
- Cerebrovascular Pathology Research Group, Department of Neurology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, C/Dr. Castany s/n, M2 Building, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Girona (UdG), Aulari Comú building, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Pau Comajoan
- Cerebrovascular Pathology Research Group, Department of Neurology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, C/Dr. Castany s/n, M2 Building, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Girona (UdG), Aulari Comú building, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Gemma Huguet
- Cerebrovascular Pathology Research Group, Department of Neurology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, C/Dr. Castany s/n, M2 Building, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Girona (UdG), Aulari Comú building, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Isaac García-Yebenes
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lizasoain
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Moro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Puig-Parnau
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Girona (UdG), Aulari Comú building, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Sánchez
- Cerebrovascular Pathology Research Group, Department of Neurology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, C/Dr. Castany s/n, M2 Building, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona (UdG), C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Serena
- Cerebrovascular Pathology Research Group, Department of Neurology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, C/Dr. Castany s/n, M2 Building, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain.,Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Girona (UdG), Aulari Comú building, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Kádár
- Cerebrovascular Pathology Research Group, Department of Neurology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, C/Dr. Castany s/n, M2 Building, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain. .,Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Girona (UdG), Aulari Comú building, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003, Girona, Spain.
| | - Mar Castellanos
- Department of Neurology, A Coruña University Hospital/A Coruña Biomedical Research Institute, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006A, Coruña, Spain.
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18
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Dorschel KB, Wanebo JE. Genetic and Proteomic Contributions to the Pathophysiology of Moyamoya Angiopathy and Related Vascular Diseases. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2021; 14:145-171. [PMID: 33776470 PMCID: PMC7987310 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s252736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rationale This literature review describes the pathophysiological mechanisms of the current classes of proteins, cells, genes, and signaling pathways relevant to moyamoya angiopathy (MA), along with future research directions and implementation of current knowledge in clinical practice. Objective This article is intended for physicians diagnosing, treating, and researching MA. Methods and Results References were identified using a PubMed/Medline systematic computerized search of the medical literature from January 1, 1957, through August 4, 2020, conducted by the authors, using the key words and various combinations of the key words “moyamoya disease,” “moyamoya syndrome,” “biomarker,” “proteome,” “genetics,” “stroke,” “angiogenesis,” “cerebral arteriopathy,” “pathophysiology,” and “etiology.” Relevant articles and supplemental basic science articles published in English were included. Intimal hyperplasia, medial thinning, irregular elastic lamina, and creation of moyamoya vessels are the end pathologies of many distinct molecular and genetic processes. Currently, 8 primary classes of proteins are implicated in the pathophysiology of MA: gene-mutation products, enzymes, growth factors, transcription factors, adhesion molecules, inflammatory/coagulation peptides, immune-related factors, and novel biomarker candidate proteins. We anticipate that this article will need to be updated in 5 years. Conclusion It is increasingly apparent that MA encompasses a variety of distinct pathophysiologic conditions. Continued research into biomarkers, genetics, and signaling pathways associated with MA will improve and refine our understanding of moyamoya’s complex pathophysiology. Future efforts will benefit from multicenter studies, family-based analyses, comparative trials, and close collaboration between the clinical setting and laboratory research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten B Dorschel
- Heidelberg University Medical School, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John E Wanebo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, HonorHealth Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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19
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Wang L, Zhao Y, Gang S, Geng T, Li M, Xu L, Zhang X, Liu L, Xie Y, Ye R, Liu X. Inhibition of miR-103-3p Preserves Neurovascular Integrity Through Caveolin-1 in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2021; 461:91-101. [PMID: 33722672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a constitutive structural protein of caveolae in the plasma membrane. It plays an important role in maintaining blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity. In this study, we identified that miR-103-3p, a hypoxia-responsive miRNA, could interact with Cav-1. In endothelial cells, miR-103-3p mimic diminished the expression of Cav-1 and tight junction proteins, which were rescued by the inhibition of miR-103-3p. We found a substantial increase of miR-103-3p and decease of Cav-1 in the rat subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. Pre-SAH intracerebroventricularly injection of miR-103-3p antagomir relieved Cav-1 loss, sequentially reduced BBB permeability and improved neurological function. Finally, we demonstrated that the salutary effects of miR-103-3p antagomir were abolished in Cav-1 knock-out mice, suggesting that Cav-1 was required for the miR-103-3p inhibition-induced neurovascular protection. Taken together, our findings suggest that the inhibition of miR-103-3p could exert neuroprotective effects through preservation of Cav-1 and BBB integrity, making miR-103-3p a novel therapeutic target for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liumin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shucheng Gang
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongchao Geng
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingquan Li
- Department of Neurology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Saad MAEL, Fahmy MIM, Al-Shorbagy M, Assaf N, Hegazy AAEA, El-Yamany MF. Nateglinide Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via Downregulation of HIF-1α/TIM-3 Inflammatory Pathway and Promotion of Caveolin-1 Expression in the Rat's Hippocampus Subjected to Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Inflammation 2021; 43:401-416. [PMID: 31863220 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and motor disabilities all over the world. It is a muti-factorial disorder associated with inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative responses. Nateglinide (NAT), an insulinotropic agent used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, recently showed potential anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. The aim of our study was to elucidate the unique neuroprotective role of NAT in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced stroke in rats. Fifty-six male rats were divided to 4 groups (n = 14 in each group): the sham-operated group, sham receiving NAT (50 mg/kg/day, p.o) group, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group, and IR receiving NAT group (50 mg/kg/day, p.o). MCAO caused potent deficits in motor and behavioral functions of the rats. Significant increase in inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers has been observed in rats' hippocampi. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway was significantly stimulated causing activation of series inflammatory biomarkers ending up neuro-inflammatory milieu. Pretreatment with NAT preserved rats' normal behavioral and motor functions. Moreover, NAT opposed the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) resulting in downregulation of more inflammatory mediators namely, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β), and the anti-survival gene PMAIP-1. NAT stimulated caveolin-1 (Cav-1) which prevented expression of oxidative biomarkers, nitric oxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and hamper the activation of apoptotic biomarker caspase-3. In conclusion, our work postulated that NAT exhibited its neuroprotective effects in rats with ischemic stroke via attenuation of different unique oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abd El-Latif Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,School of Pharmacy, NewGiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad Al-Shorbagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,School of Pharmacy, NewGiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Assaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
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Abstract
Due to the growing number of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) cases in the military and contact sports, defining the cellular and molecular substrate of this disorder is crucial. Most classic neuropathological investigations describe cortical tau and, to a lesser extent, amyloid lesions, which may underlie the clinical sequela associated with CTE. The application of modern molecular biologic technology to postmortem human brain tissue has made it possible to evaluate the genetic signature of specific neuronal phenotypes at different stages of CTE pathology. Most recently, molecular pathobiology has been used in the field of CTE, with an emphasis on the cholinergic neurons located within the nucleus basalis of Meynert, which develop tau pathology and are associated with cognitive dysfunction similar to that found in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Quantitative findings derived from single-cell transcript investigations provide clues to our understanding of the selective vulnerability of neurons containing AD-like tau pathology at different stages of CTE. Since human tissue-based studies provide a gold standard for the field of CTE, continued molecular pathological studies are needed to reveal novel drug targets for the treatment of this disorder.
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22
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Ahmadpour D, Grange-Messent V. Involvement of Testosterone Signaling in the Integrity of the Neurovascular Unit in the Male: Review of Evidence, Contradictions, and Hypothesis. Neuroendocrinology 2021; 111:403-420. [PMID: 32512571 DOI: 10.1159/000509218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Age-related central nervous system function decline and increased susceptibility of females compared to males with respect to prevalence of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases are both based on the principle that hormonal factors could be involved. These cerebral disorders are characterized by an alteration of blood-brain barrier (BBB) properties and chronic neuroinflammation, which lead to disease progression. Neuroinflammation, in turn, contributes to BBB dysfunction. The BBB and its environment, called the neurovascular unit (NVU), are crucial for cerebral homeostasis and neuronal function. Interestingly, sex steroids influence BBB properties and modulate neuroinflammatory responses. To date however, the majority of work reported has focused on the effects of estrogens on BBB function and neuroinflammation in female mammals. In contrast, the effects of testosterone signaling on the NVU in males are still poorly studied. The aim of this review was to summarize and discuss the literature, providing insights and contradictions to highlight hypothesis and the need for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delnia Ahmadpour
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1130, CNRS UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris-Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Grange-Messent
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1130, CNRS UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris-Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, France,
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23
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Tang Y, Fang W, Xiao Z, Song M, Zhuang D, Han B, Wu J, Sun X. Nicotinamide ameliorates energy deficiency and improves retinal function in Cav-1 -/- mice. J Neurochem 2020; 157:550-560. [PMID: 33305362 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1(Cav-1) is involved in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, which is important for the energetically demanding retina. Although retinal function deficits were noted in Cav-1 knockout (Cav-1-/- ) mice, the underlying causes remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate if the disruption in energy homeostasis presents a potential mechanism for retinal function deficits in Cav-1-/- retina and if it can be ameliorated by nicotinamide (NAM). In this study, NAM was administrated orally for 2 weeks in Cav-1-/- mice before experiments. Oxidative lipidomics was conducted to detect the oxylipin changes, the retinal energy flux was measured by seahorse assay, and the retinal function was assessed by electroretinogram (ERG). Cav-1 deficiency induced the dysregulation of oxidative lipidomics and reduction in energy consumption/production in the retina by decreasing Na+ /K+ -ATPase, oxidative phosphorylation CII, cytochrome c, and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). A decrease in Sirt1 was also detected. Therapeutic administration of NAM significantly increased Sirt1 expression and improved energy deficiency by increasing Na+ /K+ -ATPase, cytochrome c, and OCR. The dysregulation of oxidative lipidomics was partially recovered, and the retinal function was improved as assessed by ERG compared to Cav-1-/- mice. Our study demonstrated the dysregulation of oxidative lipidomics in Cav-1-/- retina and established a link between energy deficiency and retinal function deficits in Cav-1-/- mice. Administration of NAM ameliorated energy deficiency, increased the expression of Sirt1, and improved retinal function, which presents a potential therapeutic strategy for Cav-1 deficiency-induced retinal function deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Tang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangyi Fang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Zebin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maomao Song
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongli Zhuang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Binze Han
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
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24
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Caveolin-1 Derived from Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Inhibits Neuronal Differentiation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells In Vivo and In Vitro. Neuroscience 2020; 448:172-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Role for caveolin-mediated transcytosis in facilitating transport of large cargoes into the brain via ultrasound. J Control Release 2020; 327:667-675. [PMID: 32918963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic diffusional barrier regulating the molecular and chemical flux between the blood and brain, thereby preserving cerebral homeostasis. Endothelial cells form the core anatomical component of the BBB based on properties such as specialized junctional complexes between cells, which restricts paracellular transport, and extremely low levels of vesicular transport, restricting transcytosis. In performing its protective function, the BBB also constrains the entry of therapeutics into the brain, hampering the treatment of various neurological disorders. Focused ultrasound is a novel therapeutic modality that has shown efficacy in transiently and non-invasively opening the BBB for the targeted delivery of therapeutics to the brain. Although the ability of ultrasound to disrupt the junctional assembly of endothelial cells has been partially investigated, its effect on the transcellular mode of transport has been largely neglected. In this study, we found that ultrasound induces a pronounced increase in the levels of the vesicle-forming protein caveolin-1. In order to investigate the role of vesicle-mediated transcytoplasmic transport, we compared the leakage of various cargo sizes between a mouse model that lacks caveolin-1 and wild-type mice following sonication of the hippocampus. The absence of caveolin-1 did not lead to overt abnormalities in the cerebral vasculature in the mice. We found that caveolin-1 has a critical role specifically in the transport of large (500 kDa), but not smaller (3 and 70 kDa) cargoes. Our findings indicate differential effects of therapeutic ultrasound on cellular transport mechanisms, with implications for therapeutic interventions.
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26
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Yang W, Geng C, Yang Z, Xu B, Shi W, Yang Y, Tian Y. Deciphering the roles of caveolin in neurodegenerative diseases: The good, the bad and the importance of context. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101116. [PMID: 32554058 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), which contribute to progressive and irreversible impairments of both the structure and function of the nervous system, pose a substantial socioeconomic burden on society. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, membrane damage, DNA damage, and abnormal protein degradation pathways play pivotal roles in the etiology of NDDs. Recently, growing evidence has demonstrated that caveolins are important in the pathology of NDDs due to their cellular functions in signal transduction, endocytosis, transcytosis, cholesterol transport, and lipid homeostasis. Given the significance of caveolins, here we review the literature to clarify their molecular mechanisms and roles in NDDs. We first briefly introduce the general background on caveolins. Next, we focus on the various important functions of caveolins in the brain. Finally, we emphasize recent progress regarding caveolins, especially Cav-1, which exert both benefit and unfavorable effects in NDDs such as AD and PD. Collectively, the data presented here should advance the investigation of caveolins for the future development of innovative strategies for the treatment of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yang
- Department of Medical Research Center, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Life of Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Chenhui Geng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Life of Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Life of Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Life of Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wenzhen Shi
- Department of Medical Research Center, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Life of Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Medical Research Center, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an 710021, China.
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27
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Filchenko I, Blochet C, Buscemi L, Price M, Badaut J, Hirt L. Caveolin-1 Regulates Perivascular Aquaporin-4 Expression After Cerebral Ischemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:371. [PMID: 32523952 PMCID: PMC7261922 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Edema is a hallmark of many brain disorders including stroke. During vasogenic edema, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability increases, contributing to the entry of plasma proteins followed by water. Caveolae and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) are involved in these BBB permeability changes. The expression of the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel relates to brain swelling, however, its regulation is poorly understood. Here we tested whether Cav-1 regulates AQP4 expression in the perivascular region after brain ischemia in mice. We showed that Cav-1 knockout mice had enhanced hemispheric swelling and decreased perivascular AQP4 expression in perilesional and contralateral cortical regions compared to wild-type. Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes displayed less branching and ramification in Cav-1 knockout mice compared to wild-type animals. There was a positive correlation between the area of perivascular AQP4-immunolabelling and branch length of Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes in wild-type mice, not seen in Cav-1 knockout mice. In summary, we show for the first time that loss of Cav-1 results in decreased AQP4 expression and impaired perivascular AQP4 covering after cerebral ischemia associated with altered reactive astrocyte morphology and enhanced brain swelling. Therapeutic approaches targeting Cav-1 may provide new opportunities for improving stroke outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Filchenko
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camille Blochet
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lara Buscemi
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Price
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Badaut
- Brain Molecular Imaging Lab, CNRS UMR 5287, INCIA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Basic Science Department, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Lorenz Hirt
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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28
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Gautam J, Xu L, Nirwane A, Nguyen B, Yao Y. Loss of mural cell-derived laminin aggravates hemorrhagic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:103. [PMID: 32252790 PMCID: PMC7133020 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mural cells synthesize and deposit laminin to the basement membrane. To investigate the function of mural cell-derived laminin, we generated a mutant mouse line lacking mural cell-derived laminin (termed PKO). In a previous study, we showed that the PKO mice were grossly normal under homeostatic condition, but developed blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown with advanced age (> 8 months), suggesting that these mutants are intrinsically weak. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that PKO mice have exacerbated injuries in pathological conditions. Methods Using collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) as an injury model, we examined various stroke outcomes, including hematoma volume, neurological function, neuronal death, BBB integrity, paracellular/transcellular transport, inflammatory cell infiltration, and brain water content, in PKO mice and their wildtype littermates at young age (6–8 weeks). In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and an in vitro ICH model were used to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results Compared to age-matched wildtype littermates, PKO mice display aggravated stroke outcomes, including larger hematoma size, worse neurological function, increased neuronal cell death, enhanced BBB permeability, increased transcytosis, and elevated inflammatory cell infiltration. These mutants also exhibit high baseline brain water content independent of aquaporin-4 (AQP4). In addition, mural cell-derived laminin significantly reduced caveolin-1 without affecting tight junction proteins in the in vitro ICH model. Conclusions These results suggest that mural cell-derived laminin attenuates BBB damage in ICH via decreasing caveolin-1 and thus transcytosis, regulates brain water homeostasis, and plays a beneficial role in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, 240 W Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, 240 W Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Abhijit Nirwane
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, 240 W Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Benjamin Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, 240 W Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, 240 W Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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29
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Graves SI, Baker DJ. Implicating endothelial cell senescence to dysfunction in the ageing and diseased brain. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:102-110. [PMID: 32162446 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular endothelial cells (CECs) are integral components of both the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the neurovascular unit (NVU). As the primary cell type of the BBB, CECs are responsible for the tight regulation of molecular transport between the brain parenchyma and the periphery. Additionally, CECs are essential in neurovascular coupling where they help regulate cerebral blood flow in response to regional increases in cellular demand in the NVU. CEC dysfunction occurs during both normative ageing and in cerebrovascular disease, which leads to increased BBB permeability and neurovascular uncoupling. This MiniReview compiles what is known about the molecular changes underlying CEC dysfunction, many of which are reminiscent of cells that have become senescent. In general, cellular senescence is defined as an irreversible growth arrest characterized by the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype in response to DNA damage or other cellular stresses. We discuss evidence for endothelial cell senescence in ageing and cardiovascular disease, and how CEC senescence may contribute to age-related cerebrovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Graves
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Darren J Baker
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Departments of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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30
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Role of Caveolin-1 in Diabetes and Its Complications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9761539. [PMID: 32082483 PMCID: PMC7007939 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9761539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that in 2017 there were 451 million people with diabetes worldwide. These figures are expected to increase to 693 million by 2045; thus, innovative preventative programs and treatments are a necessity to fight this escalating pandemic disorder. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), an integral membrane protein, is the principal component of caveolae in membranes and is involved in multiple cellular functions such as endocytosis, cholesterol homeostasis, signal transduction, and mechanoprotection. Previous studies demonstrated that CAV1 is critical for insulin receptor-mediated signaling, insulin secretion, and potentially the development of insulin resistance. Here, we summarize the recent progress on the role of CAV1 in diabetes and diabetic complications.
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31
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Caveolin: A New Link Between Diabetes and AD. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:1059-1066. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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32
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Wang S, Head BP. Caveolin-1 in Stroke Neuropathology and Neuroprotection: A Novel Molecular Therapeutic Target for Ischemic-Related Injury. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:41-49. [PMID: 29412114 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180206112215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and associated cerebral stroke are a global epidemic attributed to genetic and epigenetic factors, such as diet, life style and an increasingly sedentary existence due to technological advances in both the developing and developed world. There are approximately 5.9 million stroke-related deaths worldwide annually. Current epidemiological data indicate that nearly 16.9 million people worldwide suffer a new or recurrent stroke yearly. In 2014 alone, 2.4% of adults in the United States (US) were estimated to experience stroke, which is the leading cause of adult disability and the fifth leading cause of death in the US There are 2 main types of stroke: Hemorrhagic (HS) and ischemic stroke (IS), with IS occurring more frequently. HS is caused by intra-cerebral hemorrhage mainly due to high blood pressure, while IS is caused by either embolic or thrombotic stroke. Both result in motor impairments, numbness or abnormal sensations, cognitive deficits, and mood disorders (e.g. depression). This review focuses on the 1) pathophysiology of stroke (neuronal cell loss, defective blood brain barrier, microglia activation, and inflammation), 2) the role of the membrane protein caveolin- 1 (Cav-1) in normal brain physiology and stroke-induced changes, and, 3) we briefly discussed the potential therapeutic role of Cav-1 in recovery following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Brian P Head
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
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33
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Blochet C, Buscemi L, Clément T, Gehri S, Badaut J, Hirt L. Involvement of caveolin-1 in neurovascular unit remodeling after stroke: Effects on neovascularization and astrogliosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:163-176. [PMID: 30354902 PMCID: PMC6928561 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18806893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Complex cellular and molecular events occur in the neurovascular unit after stroke, such as blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and inflammation that contribute to neuronal death, neurological deterioration and mortality. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has distinct physiological functions such as caveolae formation associated with endocytosis and transcytosis as well as in signaling pathways. Cav-1 has been proposed to be involved in BBB dysfunction after brain injury; however, its precise role is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to characterize the expression and effect of Cav-1 deletion on outcome in the first week in a transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion stroke model. We found increased Cav-1 expression in new blood vessels in the lesion and in reactive astrocytes in the peri-lesion areas. In Cav-1 KO mice, the lesion volume was larger and the behavioral outcome worse than in WT mice. Cav-1 KO mice exhibited reduced neovascularization and modified astrogliosis, without formation of a proper glial scar around the lesion at three days post injury, coinciding with aggravated outcomes. Altogether, these results point towards a potential protective role of endogenous Cav-1 in the first days after ischemia by promoting neovascularization, astrogliosis and scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Blochet
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Brain Molecular Imaging Lab, CNRS UMR 5287, INCIA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lara Buscemi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tifenn Clément
- Brain Molecular Imaging Lab, CNRS UMR 5287, INCIA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabrina Gehri
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Badaut
- Brain Molecular Imaging Lab, CNRS UMR 5287, INCIA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Basic Science Department, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Lorenz Hirt
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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34
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Yang B, Xu J, Chang L, Miao Z, Heang D, Pu Y, Zhou X, Zhang L, Xie H. Cystatin C improves blood-brain barrier integrity after ischemic brain injury in mice. J Neurochem 2019; 153:413-425. [PMID: 31603990 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cystatin C, a well-established biomarker of renal function, has been associated with a protective effect against stroke. However, the potential neuroprotective mechanism of cystatin C in ischemic brain injury remains unclear. Our study hypothesized that cystatin C can ameliorate blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption by up-regulating caveolin-1 expression, thereby improving neurological outcomes in cerebral ischemic injury. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and immunoprecipitation were performed to investigate target proteins. Evans Blue and gelatin zymography were used to examine the effect of cystatin C on BBB disruption. Plasmid and small interfering RNA transfection was used to observe alterations in caveolin-1 and occludin expression induced by changes in cystatin C expression. Intriguingly, our study showed that the expression of both cystatin C and caveolin-1 was increased in middle cerebral artery occlusion-injured mice, and pretreatment with exogenous cystatin C significantly increased caveolin-1 expression, reduced Evans Blue leakage in the injured brain region, and decreased the enzymatic activity of matrix metallopeptidase-9. Meanwhile, our study also showed that the over-expression of cystatin C greatly enhanced caveolin-1 expression, which later increased occludin expression in oxygen-glucose deprivation-exposed brain microvascular endothelial cells. The knockdown of cystatin C induced the opposite outcomes. These experimental results indicate a positive role for cystatin C in the regulation of caveolin-1 and occludin expression in cerebral ischemic injury. Taken together, these data unveil a new mechanism of the regulation of caveolin-1 expression by cystatin C in the maintenance of BBB integrity after ischemic brain injury and provide new clues for the identification of potential therapeutic strategies for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liuhui Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhigang Miao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dara Heang
- Department of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuwei Pu
- Department of General Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lingwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Neurons can upregulate Cav-1 to increase intake of endothelial cells-derived extracellular vesicles that attenuate apoptosis via miR-1290. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:869. [PMID: 31740664 PMCID: PMC6861259 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes can serve as mediators of cell–cell communication under physiological and pathological conditions. However, cargo molecules carried by EVs to exert their functions, as well as mechanisms for their regulated release and intake, have been poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of endothelial cells-derived EVs on neurons suffering from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), which mimics neuronal ischemia-reperfusion injury in human diseases. In a human umbilical endothelial cell (HUVEC)–neuron coculture assay, we found that HUVECs reduced apoptosis of neurons under OGD, and this effect was compromised by GW4869, a blocker of exosome release. Purified EVs could be internalized by neurons and alleviate neuronal apoptosis under OGD. A miRNA, miR-1290, was highly enriched in HUVECs-derived EVs and was responsible for EV-mediated neuronal protection under OGD. Interestingly, we found that OGD enhanced intake of EVs by neurons cultured in vitro. We examined the expression of several potential receptors for EV intake and found that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) was upregulated in OGD-treated neurons and mice suffering from middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Knock-down of Cav-1 in neurons reduced EV intake, and canceled EV-mediated neuronal protection under OGD. HUVEC-derived EVs alleviated MCAO-induced neuronal apoptosis in vivo. These findings suggested that ischemia likely upregulates Cav-1 expression in neurons to increase EV intake, which protects neurons by attenuating apoptosis via miR-1290.
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Chung JW, Kim DH, Oh MJ, Cho YH, Kim EH, Moon GJ, Ki CS, Cha J, Kim KH, Jeon P, Yeon JY, Kim GM, Kim JS, Hong SC, Bang OY. Cav-1 (Caveolin-1) and Arterial Remodeling in Adult Moyamoya Disease. Stroke 2019; 49:2597-2604. [PMID: 30355208 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a unique cerebrovascular occlusive disease characterized by progressive stenosis and negative remodeling of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA). We hypothesized that cav-1 (caveolin-1)-a protein that controls the regulation of endothelial vesicular trafficking and signal transduction-is associated with negative remodeling in MMD. Methods- We prospectively recruited 77 consecutive patients with MMD diagnosed via conventional angiography. Seventeen patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stroke and no RNF213 mutation served as controls. The outer distal ICA diameters were examined using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated whether the degree of negative remodeling in the patients with MMD was associated with RNF213 polymorphism, cav-1 levels, or various clinical and vascular risk factors. We also investigated whether the derived factor was associated with negative remodeling at the cellular level using the tube formation and apoptosis assays. Results- The serum cav-1 level was lower in the patients with MMD than in the controls (0.47±0.29 versus 0.86±0.68 ng/mL; P=0.034). The mean ICA diameter was 2.48±0.98 mm for the 126 affected distal ICAs in patients with MMD and 3.84±0.42 mm for the asymptomatic ICAs in the controls ( P<0.001). After adjusting for confounders, cav-1 levels (coefficient, 1.018; P<0.001) were independently associated with the distal ICA diameter in patients with MMD. In vitro analysis showed that cav-1 downregulation suppressed angiogenesis in the endothelial cells and induced apoptosis in the smooth muscle cells. Conclusions- Our findings suggest that cav-1 may play a major role in negative arterial remodeling in MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Won Chung
- From the Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke (J.-W.C., D.H.K., M.J.O.,Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology (J.-W.C., G.-M.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- From the Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke (J.-W.C., D.H.K., M.J.O.,Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (D.H.K., O.Y.B.)
| | - Mi Jeong Oh
- From the Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke (J.-W.C., D.H.K., M.J.O.,Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute (M.J.O., Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Cho
- From the Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke (J.-W.C., D.H.K., M.J.O.,Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute (M.J.O., Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- From the Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke (J.-W.C., D.H.K., M.J.O.,Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute (M.J.O., Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Joon Moon
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea (G.J.M.)
| | - Chang-Seok Ki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics (C.-S.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Cha
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University Medical Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.C.)
| | - Keon Ha Kim
- Department of Radiology (K.H.K., P.J.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoung Jeon
- Department of Radiology (K.H.K., P.J.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Young Yeon
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.Y.Y., J.-S.K., S.C.H.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Moon Kim
- Department of Neurology (J.-W.C., G.-M.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.Y.Y., J.-S.K., S.C.H.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chyul Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.Y.Y., J.-S.K., S.C.H.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Young Bang
- From the Translational and Stem Cell Research Laboratory on Stroke (J.-W.C., D.H.K., M.J.O.,Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute (M.J.O., Y.H.C., E.H.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology (J.-W.C., G.-M.K., O.Y.B.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea (D.H.K., O.Y.B.)
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Neurodegeneration and Neuro-Regeneration-Alzheimer's Disease and Stem Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174272. [PMID: 31480448 PMCID: PMC6747457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging causes many changes in the human body, and is a high risk for various diseases. Dementia, a common age-related disease, is a clinical disorder triggered by neurodegeneration. Brain damage caused by neuronal death leads to cognitive decline, memory loss, learning inabilities and mood changes. Numerous disease conditions may cause dementia; however, the most common one is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a futile and yet untreatable illness. Adult neurogenesis carries the potential of brain self-repair by an endogenous formation of newly-born neurons in the adult brain; however it also declines with age. Strategies to improve the symptoms of aging and age-related diseases have included different means to stimulate neurogenesis, both pharmacologically and naturally. Finally, the regulatory mechanisms of stem cells neurogenesis or a functional integration of newborn neurons have been explored to provide the basis for grafted stem cell therapy. This review aims to provide an overview of AD pathology of different neural and glial cell types and summarizes current strategies of experimental stem cell treatments and their putative future use in clinical settings.
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38
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Rui Q, Ni H, Lin X, Zhu X, Li D, Liu H, Chen G. Astrocyte-derived fatty acid-binding protein 7 protects blood-brain barrier integrity through a caveolin-1/MMP signaling pathway following traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2019; 322:113044. [PMID: 31454490 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The astrocyte-endothelial cell interaction is crucial for normal brain homeostasis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in pathological conditions. However, the mechanism by which astrocytes control BBB integrity, especially after traumatic brain injury (TBI), remains unclear. Here, we present evidence that astrocyte-derived fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7), a differentiation- and migration-associated molecule, may function as a modulator of BBB permeability in a rat weight-drop model of TBI. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that TBI induced increased expression of FABP7 in astrocytes, accompanied by caveolin-1 (Cav-1) upregulation in endothelial cells. Administration of recombinant FABP7 significantly ameliorated TBI-induced neurological deficits, brain edema, and BBB permeability, concomitant with upregulation of endothelial Cav-1 and tight junction protein expression, while FABP7 knockdown resulted in the opposite effects. Furthermore, pretreatment with daidzein, a specific inhibitor of Cav-1, reversed the inhibitory effects of recombinant FABP7 on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 expression and abolished its BBB protection after TBI. Altogether, these findings suggest that astrocyte-derived FABP7 upregulation may represent an endogenous protective response to BBB disruption partly mediated through a Cav-1/MMP signaling pathway following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Rui
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Haibo Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaolong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaojue Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huixiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Mikami T, Suzuki H, Komatsu K, Mikuni N. Influence of Inflammatory Disease on the Pathophysiology of Moyamoya Disease and Quasi-moyamoya Disease. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2019; 59:361-370. [PMID: 31281171 PMCID: PMC6796064 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2019-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya disease is a unique cerebrovascular disease that is characterized by progressive bilateral stenotic alteration at the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries. These changes induce the formation of an abnormal vascular network composed of collateral pathways known as moyamoya vessels. In quasi-moyamoya disease, a similar stenotic vascular abnormality is associated with an underlying disease, which is sometimes an inflammatory disease. Recent advances in moyamoya disease research implicate genetic background and immunological mediators, and postulate an association with inflammatory disease as a cause of, or progressive factor in, quasi-moyamoya disease. Although this disease has well-defined clinical and radiological characteristics, the role of inflammation has not been rigorously explored. Herein, we focused on reviewing two main themes: (1) molecular biology of inflammation in moyamoya disease, and (2) clinical significance of inflammation in quasi-moyamoya disease. We have summarized the findings of the former theme according to the following topics: (1) inflammatory biomarkers, (2) genetic background of inflammatory response, (3) endothelial progenitor cells, and (4) noncoding ribonucleic acids. Under the latter theme, we summarized the findings according to the following topics: (1) influence of inflammatory disease, (2) vascular remodeling, and (3) mechanisms gleaned from clinical cases. This review includes articles published up to February 2019 and provides novel insights for the treatment of the moyamoya disease and quasi-moyamoya disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hime Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University
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Saat N, Risvanli A, Dogan H, Onalan E, Akpolat N, Seker I, Sahna E. Effect of melatonin on torsion and reperfusion induced pathogenesis of rat uterus. Biotech Histochem 2019; 94:533-539. [PMID: 31070494 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1605456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the use of melatonin to improve fertility and reduce uterine damage caused by torsion of the uterus in pregnant rats. We used 35 pregnant rats at gestational age 18 days. The animals were randomized into five groups. Group 1 was anesthetized only. Group 2 was subjected to experimental uterine torsion of 360° and the torsion was corrected after 6 h. Group 3 was subjected to uterine torsion of 360°, the torsion was corrected after 6 h and melatonin was administered at the time of correction. Group 4 rats were subjected to 360º uterine torsion and melatonin was administered 6 h later at the time of correction. Group 5 was administered melatonin followed by uterine torsion of 360 degrees followed by correction of torsion 6 h later. Samples were obtained from the uterine horns on the day 1 postpartum. We used Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase 3 staining to measure apoptosis in the uterine tissues. The mRNA levels of Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinases 1 (ROCK1), homeobox D10 (Hox4 HoxD10), TLR4, NFκB1, caveolin 1 (Cav1) heat shock protein 90 alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 (Hsp90ab1) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR). Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase 3 were detected using immunohistochemistry. No difference was observed among groups with respect to abortion, neonatal mortality or congenital abnormalities. Compared to the control group, the mRNA levels of Rock1, Hox4, TLR4, NFκB1, Cav1 and Hsp90 genes were decreased significantly in the study groups; the decrease was greater in groups 3 and 4, which were treated with melatonin. The greatest amount of Bax staining was found in group 1 and the least amount of Bcl-2 staining was found in groups 4 and 5; the greatest amount of caspase 3 staining was found in group 2. Our findings indicate that melatonin reduced uterine torsion related tissue damage and that its application during torsion was more effective than application following removal of torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Saat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balikesir , Balikesir , Turkey
| | - A Risvanli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat , Elazig , Turkey
| | - H Dogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namik Kemal , Tekirdag , Turkey
| | - E Onalan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Firat , Elazig , Turkey
| | - N Akpolat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Inonu , Malatya , Turkey
| | - I Seker
- Department of Zootechny, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat , Elazig , Turkey
| | - E Sahna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Firat , Elazig , Turkey
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Buyang Huanwu Decoction Exerts Cardioprotective Effects through Targeting Angiogenesis via Caveolin-1/VEGF Signaling Pathway in Mice with Acute Myocardial Infarction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4275984. [PMID: 31178960 PMCID: PMC6501136 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4275984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The idea of therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium is a promising strategy for MI patients. Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a famous Chinese herbal prescription, exerted antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, which contribute to cardio-/cerebral protection. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of BHD on angiogenesis through the caveolin-1 (Cav-1)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in MI model of mice. Materials and Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups by the table of random number: (1) sham-operated group (sham, n = 15), (2) AMI group (AMI+sham, n = 20), and (3) BHD-treated group (AMI+BHD, n = 20). 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride solution stain was used to determine myocardial infarct size. Myocardial histopathology was tested using Masson staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining. CD31 immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the angiogenesis in the infarction border zone. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and/or real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was applied to test the expression of Cav-1, VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and/or phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 20.0 software and GraphPad Prism 6.05. Values of P < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results and Conclusion Compared with the AMI group, the BHD-treated group showed a significant improvement in the heart weight/body weight ratio, echocardiography images, cardiac function, infarct size, Mason staining of the collagen deposition area, and density of microvessel in the infarction border zone (P < 0.05). Compared with the AMI group, BHD promoted the expression of Cav-1, VEGF, VEGFR2, and p-ERK in the infarction border zone after AMI. BHD could exert cardioprotective effects on the mouse model with AMI through targeting angiogenesis via Cav-1/VEGF signaling pathway.
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Villaseñor R, Lampe J, Schwaninger M, Collin L. Intracellular transport and regulation of transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1081-1092. [PMID: 30523362 PMCID: PMC6513804 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2982-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a dynamic multicellular interface that regulates the transport of molecules between the blood circulation and the brain parenchyma. Proteins and peptides required for brain homeostasis cross the blood-brain barrier via transcellular transport, but the mechanisms that control this pathway are not well characterized. Here, we highlight recent studies on intracellular transport and transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier. Endothelial cells at the blood-brain barrier possess an intricate endosomal network that allows sorting to diverse cellular destinations. Internalization from the plasma membrane, endosomal sorting, and exocytosis all contribute to the regulation of transcytosis. Transmembrane receptors and blood-borne proteins utilize different pathways and mechanisms for transport across brain endothelial cells. Alterations to intracellular transport in brain endothelial cells during diseases of the central nervous system contribute to blood-brain barrier disruption and disease progression. Harnessing the intracellular sorting mechanisms at the blood-brain barrier can help improve delivery of biotherapeutics to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Villaseñor
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Josephine Lampe
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Germany
| | - Ludovic Collin
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Neuro-Immunology, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.
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The Role of Caveolin-1 in Retinal Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1185:169-173. [PMID: 31884607 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27378-1_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the retina resides within the immune-protected ocular environment, inflammatory processes mounted in the eye can lead to retinal damage. Unchecked chronic ocular inflammation leads to retinal damage. Thus, retinal degenerative diseases that result in chronic inflammation accelerate retinal tissue destruction and vision loss. Treatments for chronic retinal inflammation involve corticosteroid administration, which has been associated with glaucoma and cataract formation. Therefore, we must consider novel, alternative treatments. Here, we provide a brief review of our current understanding of chronic innate inflammatory processes in retinal degeneration and the complex role of a putative inflammatory regulator, Caveolin-1 (Cav1). Furthermore, we suggest that the complex role of Cav1 in retinal inflammatory modulation is likely dictated by cell type-specific subcellular localization.
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Huang Q, Zhong W, Hu Z, Tang X. A review of the role of cav-1 in neuropathology and neural recovery after ischemic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:348. [PMID: 30572925 PMCID: PMC6302517 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke starts a series of pathophysiological processes that cause brain injury. Caveolin-1 (cav-1) is an integrated protein and locates at the caveolar membrane. It has been demonstrated that cav-1 can protect blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity by inhibiting matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) which degrade tight junction proteins. This article reviews recent developments in understanding the mechanisms underlying BBB dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress after ischemic stroke, and focuses on how cav-1 modulates a series of activities after ischemic stroke. In general, cav-1 reduces BBB permeability mainly by downregulating MMP9, reduces neuroinflammation through influencing cytokines and inflammatory cells, promotes nerve regeneration and angiogenesis via cav-1/VEGF pathway, reduces apoptosis, and reduces the damage mediated by oxidative stress. In addition, we also summarize some experimental results that are contrary to the above and explore possible reasons for these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Road 139#, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Road 139#, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Road 139#, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangqi Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Road 139#, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Apigenin Protects the Brain against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Caveolin-1/VEGF In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7017204. [PMID: 30622670 PMCID: PMC6304859 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7017204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Apigenin is a natural flavonoid found in several dietary plant foods as vegetables and fruits. To investigate potential anti-ischemia/reperfusion injury properties of apigenin in vitro, cell proliferation assay, tube formation, cell migration, apoptosis, and autophagy were performed in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The effect of apigenin was also explored in rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) via neurobehavioral scores, pathological examination, and measurement of markers involved in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Data in vitro indicated that apigenin could prompt cell proliferation, tube formation, and cell migration while inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy by affecting Caveolin-1/VEGF, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Beclin-1, and mTOR expression. Results in vivo showed that apigenin significantly reduced neurobehavioral scores and volume of cerebral infarction while prompting vascular endothelial cell proliferation by upregulating VEGFR2/CD34 double-labeling endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number and affecting Caveolin-1, VEGF, and eNOS expression in brain tissue of MCAO/R rats. All the data suggested that apigenin may be protective for the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury by alleviating apoptosis and autophagy, promoting cell proliferation in HBMVECs of OGD/R, and attenuating brain damage and improved neurological function in rats of MCAO/R through the Caveolin-1/VEGF pathway.
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Wang F, Cao Y, Ma L, Pei H, Rausch WD, Li H. Dysfunction of Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells: Prelude to Vascular Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:376. [PMID: 30505270 PMCID: PMC6250852 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, memory loss, and thinking or speech problems. VaD is usually caused by cerebrovascular disease, during which, cerebrovascular endothelial cells (CECs) are vulnerable. CEC dysfunction occurs before the onset of VaD and can eventually lead to dysregulation of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier damage, followed by the activation of glia and inflammatory environment in the brain. White matter, neuronal axons, and synapses are compromised in this process, leading to cognitive impairment. The present review summarizes the mechanisms underlying CEC impairment during hypoperfusion and pathological role of CECs in VaD. Through the comprehensive examination and summarization, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway, Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) signaling pathway, and CEC-derived caveolin-1 (CAV-1) are proposed to serve as targets of new drugs for the treatment of VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wolf Dieter Rausch
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Mufson EJ, He B, Ginsberg SD, Carper BA, Bieler GS, Crawford F, Alvarez VE, Huber BR, Stein TD, McKee AC, Perez SE. Gene Profiling of Nucleus Basalis Tau Containing Neurons in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:1260-1271. [PMID: 29338612 PMCID: PMC5962931 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Military personnel and athletes exposed to traumatic brain injury may develop chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Brain pathology in CTE includes intracellular accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins (p-tau), the main constituent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Recently, we found that cholinergic basal forebrain (CBF) neurons within the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM), which provide the major cholinergic innervation to the cortex, display an increased number of NFTs across the pathological stages of CTE. However, molecular mechanisms underlying nbM neurodegeneration in the context of CTE pathology remain unknown. Here, we assessed the genetic signature of nbM neurons containing the p-tau pretangle maker pS422 from CTE subjects who came to autopsy and received a neuropathological CTE staging assessment (Stages II, III, and IV) using laser capture microdissection and custom-designed microarray analysis. Quantitative analysis revealed dysregulation of key genes in several gene ontology groups between CTE stages. Specifically, downregulation of the nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit β-2 gene (CHRNB2), monoaminergic enzymes catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and dopa decarboxylase (DDC), chloride channels CLCN4 and CLCN5, scaffolding protein caveolin 1 (CAV1), cortical development/cytoskeleton element lissencephaly 1 (LIS1), and intracellular signaling cascade member adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) was observed in pS422-immunreactive nbM neurons in CTE patients. By contrast, upregulation of calpain 2 (CAPN2) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) transcript levels was found in Stage IV CTE patients. These single-population data in vulnerable neurons indicate alterations in gene expression associated with neurotransmission, signal transduction, the cytoskeleton, cell survival/death signaling, and microtubule dynamics, suggesting novel molecular pathways to target for drug discovery in CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott J. Mufson
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Bin He
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Stephen D. Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York and NYU Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Victor E. Alvarez
- VA Boston HealthCare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Alzheimer Disease Center and CTE Center Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bertrand R. Huber
- VA Boston HealthCare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Alzheimer Disease Center and CTE Center Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thor D. Stein
- VA Boston HealthCare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Alzheimer Disease Center and CTE Center Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ann C. McKee
- VA Boston HealthCare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Alzheimer Disease Center and CTE Center Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sylvia E. Perez
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
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Chen HS, Chen X, Li WT, Shen JG. Targeting RNS/caveolin-1/MMP signaling cascades to protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries: potential application for drug discovery. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:669-682. [PMID: 29595191 PMCID: PMC5943912 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play important roles in mediating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. RNS activate multiple signaling pathways and participate in different cellular events in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent studies have indicated that caveolin-1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) are important signaling molecules in the pathological process of ischemic brain injury. During cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−), two representative RNS, down-regulates the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and, in turn, further activates nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to promote RNS generation. The increased RNS further induce MMP activation and mediate disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), aggravating the brain damage in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, the feedback interaction among RNS/Cav-1/MMPs provides an amplified mechanism for aggravating ischemic brain damage during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Targeting the RNS/Cav-1/MMP pathway could be a promising therapeutic strategy for protecting against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this mini-review article, we highlight the important role of the RNS/Cav-1/MMP signaling cascades in ischemic stroke injury and review the current progress of studies seeking therapeutic compounds targeting the RNS/Cav-1/MMP signaling cascades to attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Several representative natural compounds, including calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, baicalin, Momordica charantia polysaccharide (MCP), chlorogenic acid, lutein and lycopene, have shown potential for targeting the RNS/Cav-1/MMP signaling pathway to protect the brain in ischemic stroke. Therefore, the RNS/Cav-1/MMP pathway is an important therapeutic target in ischemic stroke treatment.
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Xie H, Lu WC. Inhibition of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 decreases the expressions of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Neuropathology 2018; 38:337-346. [PMID: 29665111 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) inhibition on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and the expressions of caveolae structural proteins caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 in rats with focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. BBB permeability was assessed by Evans blue extravasation. The mRNA and protein expressions of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 were determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays. We found that BBB permeability significantly increased and reaches its peak at 72 h of reperfusion in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats and is able to be ameliorated by administration of HC-067047, an antagonist of TRPV4. Additionally, it shows a significant upregulation of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 expression in cerebral microvessels of ischemic tissue. However, treatment with HC-067047 was shown to downregulate caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 expression during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. This study demonstrates that inhibition of TRPV4 ameliorates BBB leakage induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury through the downregulation of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Abstract
RNF213 is a susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease, yet its exact functions remain unclear. To evaluate the role of RNF213 in adaptation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) under cerebral hypoperfusion, we performed bilateral common carotid artery stenosis surgery using external microcoils on Rnf213 knockout (KO) and vascular endothelial cell-specific Rnf213 mutant (human p.R4810K orthologue) transgenic (EC-Tg) mice. Temporal CBF changes were measured by arterial spin-labelling magnetic resonance imaging. In the cortical area, no significant difference in CBF was found before surgery between the genotypes. Three of eight (37.5%) KO mice died after surgery but all wild-type and EC-Tg mice survived hypoperfusion. KO mice had a significantly more severe reduction in CBF on day 7 than wild-type mice (KO, 29.7% of baseline level; wild-type, 49.3%; p = 0.038), while CBF restoration on day 28 was significantly impaired in both KO (50.0%) and EC-Tg (56.1%) mice compared with wild-type mice (69.5%; p = 0.031 and 0.037, respectively). Changes in the subcortical area also showed the same tendency as the cortical area. Additionally, histological analysis demonstrated that angiogenesis was impaired in both EC-Tg and KO mice. These results are indicative of the essential role of RNF213 in the maintenance of CBF.
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