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Wang Z, Wang K, Xu Y. Friction injury of the central vein caused by catheter for hemodialysis: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5836. [PMID: 38462667 PMCID: PMC10925602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular injury such as central venous stenosis (CVS) is a common complication in hemodialysis patients with central venous catheters (CVCs), yet the impact of the microstructure and partial physic characteristics of catheter surface on the chronic injury of central vein has not been elucidated. In this study, the microscopic morphology of tips and bodies of six different brands of polyurethane CVCs was observed and their roughness was assessed. Subsequently, an in vitro model was established to measure the coefficients of friction (COF) between CVCs (tips and bodies) and the vena cava intima of Japanese rabbits under the same condition in a linear reciprocating mode, and changes in the intima of vessels after friction were observed. The study found that there was a significant variation in surface roughness among different brands of CVCs (tips P < 0.001, bodies P = 0.02), and the COF was positively correlated with the catheter surface roughness (tips P = 0.005, R = 0.945, bodies P = 0.01, R = 0.909). Besides, the endovascular roughness increased after friction. These findings suggest that the high roughness surface of CVCs may cause chronic mechanical friction injury to the central venous intima, which is one of the potential factors leading to CVS or occlusion. This provides a breakthrough for reducing complications, improving patient prognosis, and advancing catheter surface lubrication technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, 100028, China.
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Cheng X, Shihabudeen Haider Ali MS, Baki VB, Moran M, Su H, Sun X. Multifaceted roles of Meg3 in cellular senescence and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2024; 392:117506. [PMID: 38518516 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Long noncoding RNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. As long noncoding RNAs maternally expressed gene 3 (Meg3) prevents cellular senescence of hepatic vascular endothelium and obesity-induced insulin resistance, we decided to examine its role in cellular senescence and atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS By analyzing our data and human and mouse data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found that Meg3 expression was reduced in humans and mice with cardiovascular disease, indicating its potential role in atherosclerosis. In Ldlr-/- mice fed a Western diet for 12 weeks, Meg3 silencing by chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides attenuated the formation of atherosclerotic lesions by 34.9% and 20.1% in male and female mice, respectively, revealed by en-face Oil Red O staining, which did not correlate with changes in plasma lipid profiles. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis of cellular senescence markers p21 and p16 revealed that Meg3 deficiency aggravates hepatic cellular senescence but not cellular senescence at aortic roots. Human Meg3 transgenic mice were generated to examine the role of Meg3 gain-of-function in the development of atherosclerosis induced by PCSK9 overexpression. Meg3 overexpression promotes atherosclerotic lesion formation by 29.2% in Meg3 knock-in mice independent of its effects on lipid profiles. Meg3 overexpression inhibits hepatic cellular senescence, while it promotes aortic cellular senescence likely by impairing mitochondrial function and delaying cell cycle progression. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that Meg3 promotes the formation of atherosclerotic lesions independent of its effects on plasma lipid profiles. In addition, Meg3 regulates cellular senescence in a tissue-specific manner during atherosclerosis. Thus, we demonstrated that Meg3 has multifaceted roles in cellular senescence and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | | | - Vijaya Bhaskar Baki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Matthew Moran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Nebraska Center for the Prevention of Obesity Diseases Through Dietary Molecules, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, USA.
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3
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Dutta P, Saha D, Earle M, Prasad CP, Singh M, Darswal M, Aggarwal V, Naik N, Yadav R, Shankar A, Chakraborty A. Unveiling HPV's hidden link: Cardiovascular diseases and the viral intrigue. Indian Heart J 2024; 76:1-5. [PMID: 38387552 PMCID: PMC10943540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a major global health challenge, with an escalating impact on mortality despite advancements in managing conventional risk factors. This review investigates the intricate relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and CVD, shedding light on a novel aspect of cardiovascular health. Despite significant progress in understanding and managing traditional CVD risk factors, a substantial proportion of CVD cases lack these conventional markers. Recent research has unveiled HPV, a prevalent sexually transmitted infection, as a potential unconventional risk factor for CVD. This review delves into the underlying mechanisms linking HPV to CVD pathogenesis. HPV's influence on vascular endothelium and induction of systemic inflammation are key contributors. Additionally, HPV disrupts host lipid metabolism, further exacerbating the development of atherosclerosis. The link between HPV and CAD is not merely correlative; it encompasses a complex interplay of virological, immunological, and metabolic factors. Understanding the connection between HPV and CVD holds transformative potential. Insights from this review not only underscore the significance of considering HPV as a crucial risk factor but also advocate for targeted HPV screening and vaccination strategies to mitigate CVD risks. This multidisciplinary exploration bridges the gap between infectious diseases and cardiovascular health, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach to combating the global burden of cardiovascular disease. Further research and clinical guidelines in this realm are essential to harness the full scope of preventive and therapeutic interventions, ultimately shaping a healthier cardiovascular landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwaipayan Saha
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Mrudul Earle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Chandra Prakash Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Mrinalini Darswal
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vipul Aggarwal
- Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi, India
| | - Nitish Naik
- Department of Cardiology, Cardio Neuro Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Yadav
- Department of Cardiology, Cardio Neuro Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
| | - Abhishek Shankar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. BR Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
| | - Abhijit Chakraborty
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Ma Y, Wang L, He J, Ma X, Wang J, Yan R, Ma W, Ma H, Liu Y, Sun H, Zhang X, Jia S, Wang H. Sodium Selenite Ameliorates Silver Nanoparticles Induced Vascular Endothelial Cytotoxic Injury by Antioxidative Properties and Suppressing Inflammation Through Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-04014-2. [PMID: 38150116 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are the dominant nanomaterials in commercial products and the medical field, but the widespread occurrence of AgNP has become a global threat to human health. Growing studies indicate that AgNP exposure can induce vascular endothelial toxicity by excessive oxidative stress and inflammation, which is closely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the potential intrinsic mechanism remains poorly elucidated. Thus, it has been crucial to control the toxicological effects of AgNP in order to improve their safety and increase the outcome of their applications.Multiple researches have demonstrated that sodium selenite (Se) possesses the capability to counteract the toxicity of AgNP, but the functional role of Se in AgNP-induced CVD is largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to explore the potential protective effect of Se on AgNP-induced vascular endothelial lesion and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. An in vivo model of toxicity in animals was established by the instillation of 200 µL of AgNP into the trachea of rats both with (0.2 mg/kg/day) and without Se treated. In vitro experiments, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with AgNP (0.3 µg/mL ) and Se for a duration of 24 h. Utilizing transmission electron microscopy, we observed that the internalization of AgNP-induced endothelial cells was desquamated from the internal elastic lamina, the endoplasmic reticulum was dilated, and the medullary vesicle formed. Se treatment reduced the levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (specifically tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6), improved endothelial cell permeability, integrity, and dysfunction, and prevented damage to the aortic endothelium caused by AgNP. Importantly, we found that Se showed the capacity against AgNP with biological functions in guiding the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and meanwhile exhibiting anti-inflammation effects. Se supplementation decreased the intracellular ROS release and suppressed NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) mediated inflammation within AgNP-intoxicated rats and HUVECs. The anti-oxidant stress and anti-inflammatory effects of Se were at least partly dependent on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Overall, our results indicated that the protectiveness of Se against AgNP-induced vascular endothelial toxicity injury was at least attributed to the inhibition of oxidative ROS and pro-inflammatory NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome by activating the Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme (HO-1) signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Ma
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University (the First Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jing He
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xueping Ma
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ru Yan
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Wanrui Ma
- Department of General Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Huiyan Ma
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yajuan Liu
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hongqian Sun
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Shaobin Jia
- Heart Centre &, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
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Giugni FR, Aiello VD, Faria CS, Pour SZ, Cunha MDP, Giugni MV, Pinesi HT, Ledesma FL, Morais CE, Ho YL, Sztajnbok J, de Morais Fernezlian S, Ferraz da Silva LF, Mauad T, Ferreira Alves VA, Hilário do Nascimento Saldiva P, Antonangelo L, Dolhnikoff M, Duarte-Neto AN. Understanding yellow fever-associated myocardial injury: an autopsy study. EBioMedicine 2023; 96:104810. [PMID: 37757571 PMCID: PMC10550587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yellow fever (YF) is a viral hemorrhagic fever, endemic in parts of South America and Africa. There is scarce evidence about the pathogenesis of the myocardial injury. The objective of this study is to evaluate the cardiac pathology in fatal cases of YF. METHODS This retrospective autopsy study included cases from the São Paulo (Brazil) epidemic of 2017-2019. We reviewed medical records and performed cardiac tissue histopathological evaluation, electron microscopy, immunohistochemical assays, RT-qPCR for YF virus (YFV)-RNA, and proteomics analysis on inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers. FINDINGS Seventy-three confirmed YF cases with a median age of 48 (34-60) years were included. We observed myocardial fibrosis in 68 (93.2%) patients; cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in 68 (93.2%); endothelial alterations in 67 (91.8%); fiber necrosis in 50 (68.5%); viral myocarditis in 9 (12.3%); and secondary myocarditis in 5 (6.8%). Four out of five patients with 17DD vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease presented with myocarditis. The cardiac conduction system showed edema, hemorrhages and endothelial fibrinoid necrosis. Immunohistochemistry detected CD68-positive inflammatory interstitial cells and YFV antigens in endothelial and inflammatory cells. YFV-RNA was detected positive in 95.7% of the cardiac samples. The proteomics analysis demonstrated that YF patients had higher levels of multiple inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers in comparison to cardiovascular controls, and higher levels of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) in comparison to sepsis (p = 0.01) and cardiovascular controls (p < 0.001) in Dunn test. INTERPRETATION Myocardial injury is frequent in severe YF, due to multifactorial mechanisms, including direct YFV-mediated damage, endothelial cell injury, and inflammatory response, with a possible prominent role for IP-10. FUNDING This study was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rabioglio Giugni
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Demarchi Aiello
- Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Silverio Faria
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Shahab Zaki Pour
- Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marielton Dos Passos Cunha
- Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Melina Valdo Giugni
- Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Trombini Pinesi
- Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Lourenço Ledesma
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Esteves Morais
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Yeh-Li Ho
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos da Capital (SVOC), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leila Antonangelo
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Chen W, Yu H, Sun C, Dong M, Zhao N, Wang Y, Yu K, Zhang J, Xu N, Liu W. γ-Bungarotoxin impairs the vascular endothelial barrier function by inhibiting integrin α5. Toxicol Lett 2023; 383:177-191. [PMID: 37392970 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
γ-bungarotoxin (γ-BGT) is an RGD motif-containing protein, derived from the venom of Bungarus multicinctus, leading to acute death in mice. These RGD motif-containing proteins from snake venom belonging to the disintegrin family can interfere with vascular endothelial homeostasis by directly binding cell surface integrins. Targeting integrins that generate vascular endothelial dysfunction may contribute to γ-BGT poisoning, however, the underlying mechanisms have not been investigated in detail. In this study, the results showed that γ-BGT played a role in -promoting the permeability of the vascular endothelial barrier. Depending on its selective binding to integrin α5 in vascular endothelium (VE), γ-BGT initiated downstream events, including focal adhesion kinase dephosphorylation and cytoskeleton remodeling, resulting in the intercellular junction interruption. Those alternations facilitated paracellular permeability of VE and barrier dysfunction. Proteomics profiling identified that as a downstream effector of the integrin α5 / FAK signaling pathway cyclin D1 partially mediated the cellular structural changes and barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, VE-released plasminogen activator urokinase and platelet-derived growth factor D could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for γ-BGT-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Our results indicate the mechanisms through which γ-BGT as a novel disintegrin directly interacts with the VE, with consequences for barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, PR China
| | - Haotian Yu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Chengbiao Sun
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Mingxin Dong
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Na Zhao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Kaikai Yu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jianxu Zhang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China
| | - Na Xu
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Wensen Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, PR China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, Jilin, PR China.
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Almenara CCP, de Oliveira TF, da Silva DCF, Krause M, Carneiro MTWD, Padilha AS. Cessation Restores Blood Pressure Levels and Endothelial Function Affected by Cadmium Exposure on Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1955-1964. [PMID: 35689757 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cadmium exposure produces high blood pressure and endothelial damage; however, it is not known whether these effects could be reversed by interrupting the exposure to the metal. Therefore, we evaluate the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and vascular reactivity during and following chronic cadmium-exposure discontinuance. Rats received 100 mg.L-1 cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in the drinking water or tap water (Ct) for 30 days and/or tap water for 30 days more. The cadmium plasma content, blood pressure and vascular reactivity of isolated aorta were evaluated. Cadmium exposure increased cadmium plasma content, SBP and aorta contractile responses to phenylephrine, all reversed after suspending exposure. Endothelial removal and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition increased phenylephrine response both on control and Cd-discontinuation models. Cd-discontinuation group presented increased CAMKII and PKA protein expression, as peNOSSer1177. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) incubation reduced contractile response on control group, and catalase incubation enhanced the response to phenylephrine in this group. Meanwhile, both SOD2 and catalase protein expression were increased in Cd-cessation rats. Our findings provide evidence that increased SBP and endothelial dysfunction induced by Cd chronic exposure are reversed by suspending the metal exposure probably due to an improvement of antioxidant enzymes and eNOS function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Cruz Pereira Almenara
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Oeste da Bahia, Rua da Prainha, 1326, Morada Nobre, Barreiras, BA, 47810-047, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maiara Krause
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Simão Padilha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic hormone, which regulates growth hormone release from the anterior pituitary gland. GHRH antagonists (GHRHAnt) are anticancer agents, which also exert robust anti-inflammatory activities in malignancies. GHRHAnt exhibit anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vascular endothelial cells, indicating their potential use against disorders related to barrier dysfunction (e.g. sepsis). Herein, we aim to investigate the effects of GHRHAnt against lung endothelial hyperpermeability. METHODS The in vitro effects of GHRHAnt in H2O2-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction were investigated in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC). Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) was utilized to measure transendothelial resistance, an indicator of barrier function. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that GHRHAnt protect against H2O2-induced endothelial barrier disruption via P53 and cofilin modulation. Both proteins are crucial modulators of vascular integrity. Moreover, GHRHAnt prevent H2O2 - induced decrease in transendothelial resistance. CONCLUSIONS GHRHAnt represent a promising therapeutic intervention towards diseases related to lung endothelial hyperpermeability, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome - related or not to COVID-19 - and sepsis. Targeted medicine for those potentially lethal disorders does not exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA
| | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA.
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Sun Y, Gao Y, Zhou L, Lu Y, Zong Y, Zhu H, Tang Y, Zheng F, Sun Y, Li Y. A multi-target protective effect of Danggui-Shaoyao-San on the vascular endothelium of atherosclerotic mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:60. [PMID: 36803348 PMCID: PMC9940384 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03883-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal blood lipid metabolism, inflammation and vascular endothelial injury. Vascular endothelial injury is the initial stage during the occurrence of AS. However, the function and mechanism of anti-AS are not well characterized. Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DGSY) is a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription for the treatment of gynecological diseases, and has been widely used in the treatment of AS in recent years. METHODS ApoE-/- atherosclerosis male mice were established by feeding with high-fat diet, and then randomly divided into three groups: Atherosclerosis group (AS), Danggui-Shaoyao-San group (DGSY), and Atorvastatin calcium group (X). The mice were administered with the drugs for 16 weeks. Pathological changes in aortic vessels were examined by staining with Oil red O, Masson and hematoxylin-eosin. In addition, blood lipids were analyzed. The level of IL-6 and IL-8 in aortic vessels were detected by ELISA and the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the aortic vascular endothelium were measured by Immunohistochemical. The mRNA expression of interα5β1/c-Abl/YAP in the aortic vessels were measured by Real-time quantitative PCR and location of expression was assessed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS DGSY can significantly reduce the content of TC,TG and LDL-C and increase the level of HDL-C in the serum, reduce the plaque area and inhibit the concentration of IL-6 and IL-8, down-regulate the expression of IVAM-1,VCAM-1 and interα5β1/ c-Abl/YAP in the aortic vessels. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, DGSY can alleviate vascular endothelium damage and delay the occurrence of AS, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the multi-target protective of DGSY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemeng Sun
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yushan Gao
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Lu Zhou
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yixing Lu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yulin Zong
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Haoyu Zhu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yang Tang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Fengjie Zheng
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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10
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Park J, Jin S, Jang J, Seo D. Single-Molecule Imaging of Membrane Proteins on Vascular Endothelial Cells. J Lipid Atheroscler 2023; 12:58-72. [PMID: 36761059 PMCID: PMC9884557 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2023.12.1.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transporting substances such as gases, nutrients, waste, and cells is the primary function of blood vessels. Vascular cells use membrane proteins to perform crucial endothelial functions, including molecular transport, immune cell infiltration, and angiogenesis. A thorough understanding of these membrane receptors from a clinical perspective is warranted to gain insights into the pathogenesis of vascular diseases and to develop effective methods for drug delivery through the vascular endothelium. This review summarizes state-of-the-art single-molecule imaging techniques, such as super-resolution microscopy, single-molecule tracking, and protein-protein interaction analysis, for observing and studying membrane proteins. Furthermore, recent single-molecule studies of membrane proteins such as cadherins, integrins, caveolins, transferrin receptors, vesicle-associated protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseong Park
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Siwoo Jin
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Juhee Jang
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Daeha Seo
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
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11
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Pretorius D, Richter RP, Anand T, Cardenas JC, Richter JR. Alterations in heparan sulfate proteoglycan synthesis and sulfation and the impact on vascular endothelial function. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 16:100121. [PMID: 36160687 PMCID: PMC9494232 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Apical surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) have unique endothelial roles. Inflammation and shear stress derangement can alter HSPG synthesis and sulfation. Reduced HSPG expression impacts mechanisms that regulate endothelial cell homeostasis. Changes to endothelial glycocalyx HSPG sulfation are vast and contextually dependent. Targeting endothelial HSPG biosynthesis and sulfation are promising therapeutic strategies.
The glycocalyx attached to the apical surface of vascular endothelial cells is a rich network of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, and glycoproteins with instrumental roles in vascular homeostasis. Given their molecular complexity and ability to interact with the intra- and extracellular environment, heparan sulfate proteoglycans uniquely contribute to the glycocalyx’s role in regulating endothelial permeability, mechanosignaling, and ligand recognition by cognate cell surface receptors. Much attention has recently been devoted to the enzymatic shedding of heparan sulfate proteoglycans from the endothelial glycocalyx and its impact on vascular function. However, other molecular modifications to heparan sulfate proteoglycans are possible and may have equal or complementary clinical significance. In this narrative review, we focus on putative mechanisms driving non-proteolytic changes in heparan sulfate proteoglycan expression and alterations in the sulfation of heparan sulfate side chains within the endothelial glycocalyx. We then discuss how these specific changes to the endothelial glycocalyx impact endothelial cell function and highlight therapeutic strategies to target or potentially reverse these pathologic changes.
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Key Words
- ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- CLP, cecal ligation and puncture
- COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019
- EXT, Exostosin
- EXTL, Exostosin-like glycosyltransferase
- FFP, Fresh frozen plasma
- FGF, Fibroblast growth factor
- FGFR1, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
- GAG, Glycosaminoglycan
- GPC, Glypican
- Gal, Galactose
- GlcA, Glucuronic acid
- GlcNAc, N-actetyl glucosamine
- Glycocalyx
- HLMVEC, Human lung microvascular endothelial cell
- HS, Heparan sulfate
- HS2ST, Heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase
- HS3ST, Heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase
- HS6ST, Heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase
- HSPG, Heparan sulfate proteoglycan
- HUVEC, Human umbilical vein endothelial cell
- Heparan sulfate proteoglycan
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- NDST, N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase
- SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- SDC, Syndecan
- Sulf, Endosulfatase
- Sulfation
- Synthesis
- TNFα, Tumor necrosis factor alpha
- UA, Hexuronic acid
- VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor
- Vascular endothelium
- XYLT, Xylosyltransferase
- Xyl, Xylose
- eGCX, Endothelial glycocalyx
- eNOS, Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Pretorius
- Division of Trauma & Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Robert P Richter
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Tanya Anand
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Burn & Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jessica C Cardenas
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Center for Translational Injury Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jillian R Richter
- Division of Trauma & Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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12
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Zhang X, Gong P, Zhao Y, Wan T, Yuan K, Xiong Y, Wu M, Zha M, Li Y, Jiang T, Liu X, Ye R, Xie Y, Xu G. Endothelial caveolin-1 regulates cerebral thrombo-inflammation in acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104275. [PMID: 36152520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombo-inflammation is an important checkpoint that orchestrates infarct development in ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we explored the role of endothelial Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in cerebral thrombo-inflammation. METHODS The correlation between serum Cav-1 level and clinical outcome was analyzed in acute ischemic stroke patients with successful recanalization. Genetic manipulations by endothelial-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) and siRNA were applied to investigate the effects of Cav-1 in thrombo-inflammation in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model. Thrombo-inflammation was analyzed by microthrombosis formation, myeloid cell infiltration, and endothelial expression of adhesion molecules as well as inflammatory factors. FINDINGS Reduced circulating Cav-1, with the potential to predict microembolic signals, was more frequently detected in recanalized stroke patients without early neurological improvement. At 24 h after tMCAO, serum Cav-1 was consistently reduced in mice. Endothelial Cav-1 was decreased in the peri-infarct region. Cav-1-/- endothelium, with prominent barrier disruption, displayed extensive microthrombosis, accompanied by increased myeloid cell inflammatory infiltration after tMCAO. Specific enhanced expression of endothelial Cav-1 by AAV-Tie1-Cav-1 remarkably reduced infarct volume, attenuated vascular hyper-permeability and alleviated thrombo-inflammation in both wild-type and Cav-1-/- tMCAO mice. Transcriptome analysis after tMCAO further designated Rxrg as the most significantly changed molecule resulting from the knockdown of Cav-1. Supplementation of RXR-γ siRNA reversed AAV-Tie1-Cav-1-induced amelioration of thrombo-inflammation without affecting endothelial tight junction. INTERPRETATION Endothelial Cav-1/RXR-γ may regulate infarct volume and neurological impairment, possibly through selectively controlling thrombo-inflammation coupling, in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. FUNDING This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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13
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Ballesteros-Peña S, Fernández-Aedo I, Vallejo-De la Hoz G, Tønnesen J, Miguelez C. Identification of potentially irritating intravenous medications. Enferm Intensiva (Engl Ed) 2022; 33:132-140. [PMID: 35941074 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfie.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To identify commonly used intravenous drugs that may produce endothelial damage. METHODS An experimental research study was performed using a sample of 62 intravenous drugs commonly used in emergency care, pH and osmolarity were measured. Subsequently, based on these values, the theoretical capacity to cause irritation or endovascular damage was determined and classified as high, moderate, and low. RESULTS Samples from 19 drugs for fluid therapy, 21 antibiotics and 22 drugs for intravenous use were studied. Glucose solutions, sodium bicarbonate 1M and mannitol 10% showed a high capacity to cause venous irritation. Vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, amiodarone, haloperidol, and labetalol solution presented a high capacity for irritation based on their acidic pH. The antibiotics, dexketoprofen, diazepam, digoxin, etomidate, phenytoin, levetiracetam and metamizole also showed high osmotic values in their reconstituted or undiluted presentations. Moreover, osmolarity of diazepam, digoxin and phenytoin remained high despite being diluted in 100 ml of saline. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the pH and osmolarity of intravenous drugs allows their capacity to cause endothelial damage to be assessed. The use of comprehensive tables based on the chemical properties of the drugs can be a useful tool to help prevent chemically-induced phlebitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ballesteros-Peña
- Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Bilbao-Basurto, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - I Fernández-Aedo
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - G Vallejo-De la Hoz
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain; Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Osakidetza, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Barrualde-Galdakao, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J Tønnesen
- Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - C Miguelez
- Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
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14
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Zhang T, Bai X, Chi H, Liu T, Li S, Wei C, Shi W. The mounted alloimmunity of the iris-ciliary body devotes a hotbed of immune cells for corneal transplantation rejection. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109167. [PMID: 35777471 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Graft rejection is still the major obstacle causing corneal transplantation failure. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains largely unclear. The iris-ciliary body (I-C) is enriched with blood vessels and various immune cell populations, presumably predisposed to be involved in corneal transplantation rejection. After penetrating keratoplasty, compared to the normal (Nor) and syngeneic (Syn) groups, I-C tissues in the allogeneic (Allo) group displayed stronger alloimmune responses, with more infiltrations of CD45+ inflammatory cells and CD3+ lymphocytes, increased transcriptional levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and elevated NF-κB activity. This histopathology was similar to the pathological alterations of corneal allografts. Angiography analysis revealed the abnormal vasculature in the iris during allograft rejection, characterized by vasodilatation, increased vessel density, and vascular permeability. While, immunofluorescence staining showed the intact tight junction of the posterior iris epithelium. In vitro, human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) showed an increased Evans blue (EB)-albumin leakage, with lower expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin. The increased EB-albumin leakage, up-regulated NF-κB activity, and reduced expression of ZO-1 and Occludin could be partially reversed after cyclosporine A (CsA) administration. In contrast, the barrier function in primary mouse iris pigment epithelial cells (IPEs) after TNF-α treatment remained largely unchanged. These findings revealed the vigorous alloimmunity in I-C tissues, characterized with impaired vascularization but intact posterior epithelial barrier in the iris, which allowed proteins and immune cells to be exudated from the front surface of I-C tissues, and facilitated immune reaction in the anterior chamber, thereby contributing to aggravated corneal transplantation rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Xiaofei Bai
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Hao Chi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Suxia Li
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China.
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, China.
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15
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Hamad S, Derichsweiler D, Gaspar JA, Brockmeier K, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Pfannkuche KP. High-efficient serum-free differentiation of endothelial cells from human iPS cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:251. [PMID: 35690874 PMCID: PMC9188069 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02924-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner lining of all blood vessels of the body play important roles in vascular tone regulation, hormone secretion, anticoagulation, regulation of blood cell adhesion and immune cell extravasation. Limitless ECs sources are required to further in vitro investigations of ECs’ physiology and pathophysiology as well as for tissue engineering approaches. Ideally, the differentiation protocol avoids animal-derived components such as fetal serum and yields ECs at efficiencies that make further sorting obsolete for most applications.
Method Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are cultured under serum-free conditions and induced into mesodermal progenitor cells via stimulation of Wnt signaling for 24 h. Mesodermal progenitor cells are further differentiated into ECs by utilizing a combination of human vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 8-Bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt monohydrate (8Bro) and melatonin (Mel) for 48 h.
Result This combination generates hiPSC derived ECs (hiPSC-ECs) at a fraction of 90.9 ± 1.5% and is easily transferable from the two-dimensional (2D) monolayer into three-dimensional (3D) scalable bioreactor suspension cultures. hiPSC-ECs are positive for CD31, VE-Cadherin, von Willebrand factor and CD34. Furthermore, the majority of hiPSC-ECs express the vascular endothelial marker CD184 (CXCR4).
Conclusion The differentiation method presented here generates hiPSC-ECs in only 6 days, without addition of animal sera and at high efficiency, hence providing a scalable source of hiPSC-ECs.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02924-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarkawt Hamad
- Medical Faculty, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Soran University, Kurdistan Region, Soran, Iraq
| | - Daniel Derichsweiler
- Medical Faculty, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - John Antonydas Gaspar
- Medical Faculty, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konrad Brockmeier
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Medical Faculty, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Medical Faculty, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kurt Paul Pfannkuche
- Medical Faculty, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert Koch Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Marga-and-Walter-Boll Laboratory for Cardiac Tissue Engineering, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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16
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Nong J, Glassman PM, Muzykantov VR. Targeting vascular inflammation through emerging methods and drug carriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 184:114180. [PMID: 35271986 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation is a common dangerous component of pathogenesis of many prevalent conditions with high morbidity and mortality including sepsis, thrombosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), COVID-19, myocardial and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, infection, and trauma. Inflammatory changes of the vasculature and blood mediate the course and outcome of the pathology in the tissue site of insult, remote organs and systemically. Endothelial cells lining the luminal surface of the vasculature play the key regulatory functions in the body, distinct under normal vs. pathological conditions. In theory, pharmacological interventions in the endothelial cells might enable therapeutic correction of the overzealous damaging pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic changes in the vasculature. However, current agents and drug delivery systems (DDS) have inadequate pharmacokinetics and lack the spatiotemporal precision of vascular delivery in the context of acute inflammation. To attain this level of precision, many groups design DDS targeted to specific endothelial surface determinants. These DDS are able to provide specificity for desired tissues, organs, cells, and sub-cellular compartments needed for a particular intervention. We provide a brief overview of endothelial determinants, design of DDS targeted to these molecules, their performance in experimental models with focus on animal studies and appraisal of emerging new approaches. Particular attention is paid to challenges and perspectives of targeted therapeutics and nanomedicine for advanced management of acute inflammation.
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17
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Silva M, Coelho A, Vargas S, Faustino P. VCAM1, HMOX1 and NOS3 differential endothelial expression may impact sickle cell anemia vasculopathy. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2022; 93:102639. [PMID: 34999313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2021.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays a major role in sickle cell anemia (SCA) systemic vasculopathy, with upregulation of adhesion molecules (e.g., VCAM-1), decreased nitric oxide bioavailability, and oxidative stress. We aimed to assess the modulation role of pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative stimuli on endothelial VCAM1, NOS3, and HMOX1 expression. We also evaluated the effect of the main SCA therapeutic agent, hydroxyurea, on that modulation. Our results showed that two VCAM1 promoter haplotypes, we previously associated with pediatric cerebral vasculopathy and severe hemolysis in SCA, increased promoter activity in TNF-α-stimulated transfected EA.hy926 and HBEC cell lines, consistent with a higher VCAM1 expression in macro and microvascular settings. In non-transfected cells, we also observed TNF-α-induced VCAM1 overexpression as well as heme-induced overexpression of HMOX1 in both cell models. Heme did not affect VCAM1 nor NOS3 expression and the latter was also not affected by TNF-α stimulus. Hydroxyurea treatment lowered TNF-induced VCAM1 and NOS3 expression but did not affect heme-induced HMOX1 expression. These data further indicate that VCAM1 haplotypes we studied lead to higher VCAM1 expression affecting not only cerebral but also systemic vasculopathy risk. The differential endothelial expression of VCAM1, NOS3, and HMOX1 also confirms their genetic modulation role in SCA systemic vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Silva
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Coelho
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vargas
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Faustino
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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18
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Paul O, Tao JQ, West E, Litzky L, Feldman M, Montone K, Rajapakse C, Bermudez C, Chatterjee S. Pulmonary vascular inflammation with fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): possible role for the NLRP3 inflammasome. Respir Res 2022; 23:25. [PMID: 35144622 PMCID: PMC8830114 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hyperinflammation is a key event with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that often accompanies COVID-19 appears to have worse outcomes than ARDS from other causes. To date, numerous lung histological studies in cases of COVID-19 have shown extensive inflammation and injury, but the extent to which these are a COVID-19 specific, or are an ARDS and/or mechanical ventilation (MV) related phenomenon is not clear. Furthermore, while lung hyperinflammation with ARDS (COVID-19 or from other causes) has been well studied, there is scarce documentation of vascular inflammation in COVID-19 lungs. Methods Lung sections from 8 COVID-19 affected and 11 non-COVID-19 subjects, of which 8 were acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) affected (non-COVID-19 ARDS) and 3 were from subjects with non-respiratory diseases (non-COVID-19 non-ARDS) were H&E stained to ascertain histopathological features. Inflammation along the vessel wall was also monitored by expression of NLRP3 and caspase 1. Results In lungs from COVID-19 affected subjects, vascular changes in the form of microthrombi in small vessels, arterial thrombosis, and organization were extensive as compared to lungs from non-COVID-19 (i.e., non-COVID-19 ARDS and non-COVID-19 non-ARDS) affected subjects. The expression of NLRP3 pathway components was higher in lungs from COVID-19 ARDS subjects as compared to non-COVID-19 non-ARDS cases. No differences were observed between COVID-19 ARDS and non-COVID-19 ARDS lungs. Conclusion Vascular changes as well as NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation were not different between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS suggesting that these responses are not a COVID-19 specific phenomenon and are possibly more related to respiratory distress and associated strategies (such as MV) for treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-01944-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Paul
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jian Qin Tao
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Eric West
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Leslie Litzky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael Feldman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen Montone
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chamith Rajapakse
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christian Bermudez
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shampa Chatterjee
- Institute for Environmental Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Calorie restriction (CR) has emerged as a non-pharmacological treatment to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). This article reviews recent progress regarding the role of CR in CVD prevention via reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors and promoting atherosclerotic stability. RECENT FINDINGS Calorie restriction may be an approach to reduce the development of atherosclerosis. CR promotes eNOS activity and SIRT1 expression which in turn improves vasodilation resulting in greater regulation of blood pressure and blood flow. Modest CR in nonobese young and middle-aged adults results in improved cardiometabolic risk profile. The evidence for CR in CVD prevention has accumulated in the recent years. Most evidence, however, is from rodent or small human trials. Our understanding of the magnitude of calorie reduction that leads to the long-term therapeutic effects on cardiovascular health is limited. More well-designed controlled trials conducted in diverse populations with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cydne A Perry
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, 1025 E. 7th St. , Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| | - Kishore M Gadde
- Pennington Biomedical Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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20
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Chen YJ, Chen C, Li MY, Li QQ, Zhang XJ, Huang R, Zhu XW, Bai CY, Zhang LY, Peng PH, Yang WM. Scutellarin Reduces Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Involving in Vascular Endothelium Protection and PKG Signal. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2021; 11:659-670. [PMID: 34750765 PMCID: PMC8599605 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid glycoside scutellarin (SCU) has been widely applied in the treatment of cerebral ischemic diseases in China. In this article, we conducted research on the working mechanisms of SCU in hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) injury of isolated cerebral basilar artery (BA) and erebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) injury in rat models. In isolated rat BA rings, HR causes endothelial dysfunction (ED) and acetylcholine (ACh) induces endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The myography result showed that SCU (100 µM) was able to significantly improve the endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by Ach. However, SCU did not affect the ACh-induced relaxation in normal BA. Further studies suggested that SCU (10-1000 µM) dose-dependently induced relaxation in isolated BA rings which were significantly blocked by the cGMP dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cGMPs (PKGI-rp, 4 µM). Pre-incubation with SCU (500 µM) reversed the impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by HR, but the reversing effect was blocked if PKGI-rp (4 µM) was added. The brain slice staining test in rats' model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced CIR proved that the administration of SCU (45, 90 mg/kg, iv) significantly reduced the area of cerebral infarction. The Western blot assay result showed that SCU (45 mg/kg, iv) increased brain PKG activity and PKG protein level after CIR surgery. In conclusion, our findings suggested that SCU possesses the ability of protecting brain cells against CIR injury through vascular endothelium protection and PKG signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xing-Wei Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chun-Yun Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Liu-Yi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Pei-Hua Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Wei-Min Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Western Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New City, Kunming, 650500, China.
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21
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Miyatake S, Hino K, Ebisu G, Fujita S. Oral administration of l-citrulline alters the vascular delivery of substances to rat skeletal muscles. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101149. [PMID: 34693038 PMCID: PMC8515244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial function deteriorates with age and disease, and the production of vasodilator factors like nitric oxide (NO) decreases. The free amino acid l-citrulline increases vasodilation and blood flow through increased NO production. We examined the effects of oral l-citrulline administration on vascular delivery of substances to skeletal muscles. In Experiment 1, following oral l-citrulline administration and subsequent intravenous Evans blue dye (EBD) administration to rats, EBD levels delivered to skeletal muscles were measured after 60 min. In Experiment 2, plasma concentrations of amino acids and NOx, an indicator of vasodilation, were measured over time after oral l-citrulline administration. In Experiment 3, we measured EBD levels in skeletal muscles of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats following l-citrulline administration. In these experiments, EBD levels in the soleus muscle were higher in the l-citrulline group than in the control group (19.9 ± 0.7 vs. 22.5 ± 1.9 μg/g tissue, p < 0.05). Plasma l-arginine, l-citrulline, and NOx levels were increased within 30 min after l-citrulline administration. EBD levels in the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were higher in diabetic rats with l-citrulline administration (18.7 ± 2.2 vs. 25.0 ± 4.3 μg/g tissue, p < 0.05 and 8.0 ± 0.5 vs. 9.2 ± 0.8 μg/g tissue, p = 0.05, respectively). These data suggest that oral l-citrulline administration may increase the level of substances delivered to skeletal muscles by increasing the NO production in both normal and vascular endothelial dysfunction models. l-Citrulline (CIT) increases blood flow and induces vasorelaxation. CIT increased dye delivery to soleus but not gastrocnemius muscles in normal rats. CIT administration increased the blood levels of l-arginine and NOx. CIT led to higher dye delivery to soleus and gastrocnemius muscles in diabetic rats. CIT increase vascular delivery in skeletal muscles through increasing NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Miyatake
- OS-1 Division, Medical Foods Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., 115 Kuguhara, Tateiwa, Muya-cho, Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan.,Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hino
- OS-1 Division, Medical Foods Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., 115 Kuguhara, Tateiwa, Muya-cho, Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Goro Ebisu
- OS-1 Division, Medical Foods Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., 115 Kuguhara, Tateiwa, Muya-cho, Naruto, Tokushima, 772-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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22
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Abstract
Bleeding is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality. Anatomic and hemostatic causes play a central role in the pathophysiology of bleeding, with anatomic causes being by far more common. While trauma and invasive procedures are the leading causes of bleeding in surgical disciplines, gastrointestinal bleeding is the major cause of bleeding in internal medicine. Major bleedings lead to secondary homeostatic changes, which in turn not only contribute to further bleeding, but also to the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction. Acquired coagulopathies due to antithrombotic treatment or an underlying disease also contribute to the extent and the dynamics of bleeding, while hereditary bleeding disorders are seldom. The balance between the physiological pro- and anticoagulant pathway plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of bleeding and coagulation. Therefore, the pathophysiology of bleeding cannot be described by means of easily available laboratory coagulation workup. The aim of coagulation correction during the management of life-threatening bleeding is not to normalize coagulation, but rather to stop bleeding. Besides a careful clinical evaluation of the course of bleeding coupled with basic understanding of the physiology of coagulation, targeted laboratory coagulation workup can contribute to a rational coagulation treatment concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirak Petros
- Interdisziplinäre Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
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23
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Kalinin RE, Suchkov IA, Mzhavanadze ND, Zhurina ON, Klimentova EA, Povarov VO. Coagulation Factor Activity and Hemostatic Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Vasc Specialist Int 2021; 37:26. [PMID: 34349046 PMCID: PMC8339417 DOI: 10.5758/vsi.210010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to evaluate the impact of intrinsic coagulation factors and hemostatic markers of endothelial dysfunction on complications in patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods Materials and This prospective study enrolled 120 PAD patients at Fontaine stages 2b to 3 who underwent open surgical, endovascular, or conservative treatment. Coagulation factors (FVIII, FIX, and FXI) and endothelial hemostatic markers, including von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity and level, soluble endothelial protein C receptor, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels, were assessed. Results At 3 months after open bypass grafting, activity of FVIII significantly increased from a median of 175% to 233% (P<0.001). At 3 months after endovascular treatment, the activities of FVIII, FIX, and FXI significantly increased from medians of 157%, 180%, and 156% to 184%, 218%, and 181%, respectively (P<0.05). Six patients with increased FVIII activity developed bypass graft thrombosis. Four patients in the endovascular group and three patients in the conservative treatment group with increased activity of vWF developed myocardial infarction (P=0.049). The subjects who developed restenosis had increased vWF activity (P=0.023) and decreased nitric oxide metabolite levels (P=0.003). Three subjects who received conservative treatment and developed PAD progression at 12 months had increased PAI-1 activity (P=0.028). Conclusion Patients with advanced PAD had a hypercoagulable status, and performance of open or endovascular revascularization was associated with further hypercoagulability. Increased activity of coagulation factors and altered levels of hemostatic markers of endothelial dysfunction were associated with PAD complications such as graft thrombosis, myocardial infarction, disease progression, and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman E Kalinin
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular, Operative Surgery, and Topographic Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Igor A Suchkov
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular, Operative Surgery, and Topographic Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Nina D Mzhavanadze
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular, Operative Surgery, and Topographic Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Olga N Zhurina
- Clinical Research Center for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Emma A Klimentova
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular, Operative Surgery, and Topographic Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Vladislav O Povarov
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular, Operative Surgery, and Topographic Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
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24
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Lu L, Yang L, Lu YP, Jiang Q, Wang CR, Liu CQ, Xu N, Jiang S, Zhang G, Lai EY, Han F, Lu YM. Endothelium-derived Cdk5 deficit aggravates air pollution-induced peripheral vasoconstriction through AT 1R upregulation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 219:112314. [PMID: 33989920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 infiltrates into circulation and increases the risk of systemic vascular dysfunction. As the first-line barrier against external stimuli, the molecular mechanism of the biological response of vascular endothelial cells to PM2.5 exposure remains unclear. In this study, 4-week-old mice were exposed to Hangzhou 'real' airborne PM2.5 for 2 months and were found to display bronchial and alveolar damage. Importantly, in the present study, we have demonstrated that Cdk5 deficit induced peripheral vasoconstriction through angiotensin II type 1 receptor under angiotensin II stimulation in Cdh5-cre;Cdk5f/n mice. In the brain, Cdk5 deficit increased the myogenic activity in the medullary arterioles under external pressure. On the other hand, no changes in cerebral blood flow and behavior patterns were observed in the Cdh5-cre;Cdk5f/n mice exposed to PM2.5. Therefore, our current findings indicate that CDK5 plays an important role in endothelium cell growth, migration, and molecular transduction, which is also a sensor for the response of vascular endothelial cells to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-Ping Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cui-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cui-Qing Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - En-Yin Lai
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Ying-Mei Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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25
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Zhao MZ, Guo X, Sun B, Sun XF, Pang GF, Yang LY, Zhao X, Sun LX, Zhang Q. HA of H1N1 enhanced the expression of ICAM-1 and IL-6 in HUVECs and pathological injury in the lungs in mice. Gene 2021; 801:145854. [PMID: 34274468 PMCID: PMC8302257 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective Both COVID-19 and influenza are viral respiratory tract infections and the epidemics of viral respiratory tract infections remain highly prevalent with lethal consequences in susceptible individuals. Expression of ICAM-1 on vascular endothelium recruits leukocytes which initiates inflammation. IL-6 induces ICAM-1. Both ICAM-1 and IL-6 can be enhanced in influenza virus infection and COVID-19 patients. Besides initiation of virus entry host cells, whether HA alone, instead of whole virus, of influenza has the effects on expression of ICAM-1 and IL-6 in vascular endothelium with injury in the lungs, remains to be demonstrated. Methods RT-qPCR and Western blot as well as histopathologic examination were used to examine mRNA and protein of ICAM-1 and IL-6 as well as pathological injury in the lung tissues, respectively. Results After incubation of the Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) with HA of H1N1 for 24 h, the mRNA and protein of ICAM-1 and IL-6 in HUVECs were increased in group of 5 μg/ml concentration with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Pathological injury in lung tissues of the mice was shown 12 h after tail intravenous injection with 100 μl of HA (50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml in normal saline), including widened alveolar spaces with angiotelectasis in alveolar wall, alveolar luminal and interstitial inflammatory infiltrates, alveolar luminal erythrocyte effusion. Conclusions HA alone, instead of whole H1N1 virus, induced more expression of ICAM-1 and IL-6, two molecules involving in pathological and inflammatory responses, in HUVECs and pathological injury in lung tissues of the mice. This knowledge provides a new HA-targeted potential direction for prevention and treatment of disease related to H1N1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhen Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Gui-Fen Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Lin-Ying Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Li-Xin Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
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26
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Pereira-Neto EA, Lewthwaite H, Boyle T, Johnston K, Bennett H, Williams MT. Effects of exercise training with blood flow restriction on vascular function in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11554. [PMID: 34277146 PMCID: PMC8272459 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood flow restricted exercise (BFRE) improves physical fitness, with theorized positive effects on vascular function. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to report (1) the effects of BFRE on vascular function in adults with or without chronic health conditions, and (2) adverse events and adherence reported for BFRE. Methodology Five electronic databases were searched by two researchers independently to identify studies reporting vascular outcomes following BFRE in adults with and without chronic conditions. When sufficient data were provided, meta-analysis and exploratory meta-regression were performed. Results Twenty-six studies were included in the review (total participants n = 472; n = 41 older adults with chronic conditions). Meta-analysis (k = 9 studies) indicated that compared to exercise without blood flow restriction, resistance training with blood flow restriction resulted in significantly greater effects on endothelial function (SMD 0.76; 95% CI [0.36–1.14]). No significant differences were estimated for changes in vascular structure (SMD −0.24; 95% CI [−1.08 to 0.59]). In exploratory meta-regression analyses, several experimental protocol factors (design, exercise modality, exercised limbs, intervention length and number of sets per exercise) were significantly associated with the effect size for endothelial function outcomes. Adverse events in BFRE studies were rarely reported. Conclusion There is limited evidence, predominantly available in healthy young adults, on the effect of BFRE on vascular function. Signals pointing to effect of specific dynamic resistance exercise protocols with blood flow restriction (≥4 weeks with exercises for the upper and lower limbs) on endothelial function warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisio A Pereira-Neto
- Innovation, IMPlementation And Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hayley Lewthwaite
- Innovation, IMPlementation And Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Terry Boyle
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kylie Johnston
- Innovation, IMPlementation And Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hunter Bennett
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marie T Williams
- Innovation, IMPlementation And Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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27
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Lambden S, Cowburn AS, Macias D, Garrud TAC, Krause BJ, Giussani DA, Summers C, Johnson RS. Endothelial cell regulation of systemic haemodynamics and metabolism acts through the HIF transcription factors. Intensive Care Med Exp 2021; 9:28. [PMID: 34114090 PMCID: PMC8192653 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-021-00390-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vascular endothelium has important endocrine and paracrine roles, particularly in the regulation of vascular tone and immune function, and it has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a range of cardiovascular and inflammatory conditions. This study uses a series of transgenic murine models to explore for the first time the role of the hypoxia-inducible factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α in the pulmonary and systemic circulations as potential regulators of systemic vascular function in normoxic or hypoxic conditions and in response to inflammatory stress. We developed a series of transgenic mouse models, the HIF-1α Tie2Cre, deficient in HIF1-α in the systemic and pulmonary vascular endothelium and the L1Cre, a pulmonary endothelium specific knockout of HIF-1α or HIF-2α. In vivo, arterial blood pressure and metabolic activity were monitored continuously in normal atmospheric conditions and following an acute stimulus with hypoxia (10%) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ex vivo, femoral artery reactivity was assessed using wire myography. RESULTS Under normoxia, the HIF-1α Tie2Cre mouse had increased systolic and diastolic arterial pressure compared to litter mate controls over the day-night cycle under normal environmental conditions. VO2 and VCO2 were also increased. Femoral arteries displayed impaired endothelial relaxation in response to acetylcholine mediated by a reduction in the nitric oxide dependent portion of the response. HIF-1α L1Cre mice displayed a similar pattern of increased systemic blood pressure, metabolic rate and impaired vascular relaxation without features of pulmonary hypertension, polycythaemia or renal dysfunction under normal conditions. In response to acute hypoxia, deficiency of HIF-1α was associated with faster resolution of hypoxia-induced haemodynamic and metabolic compromise. In addition, systemic haemodynamics were less compromised by LPS treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data show that deficiency of HIF-1α in the systemic or pulmonary endothelium is associated with increased systemic blood pressure and metabolic rate, a pattern that persists in both normoxic conditions and in response to acute stress with potential implications for our understanding of the pathophysiology of vascular dysfunction in acute and chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lambden
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew S Cowburn
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David Macias
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tessa A C Garrud
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Bernardo J Krause
- Department of Neonatology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dino A Giussani
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | | | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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28
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Misra DP, Thomas KN, Gasparyan AY, Zimba O. Mechanisms of thrombosis in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:4807-4815. [PMID: 34109491 PMCID: PMC8189705 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) have a two- to threefold greater risk of developing venous as well as arterial thrombotic events. Although such thrombotic events are more commonly seen during phases of active AAV, they are also recognized to occur during AAV in remission. Endothelial injury is a key pathogenic event in AAV. Endothelial injury can be caused by neutrophil activation and release of thrombogenic tissue factor into the circulation. Neutrophil activation further results in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs contribute to thrombosis by expressing tissue factor. NETs have also been detected in cutaneous thrombi from patients with AAV induced by hydralazine. Activated neutrophils in AAV patients release thrombogenic microparticles loaded with tissue factor which further enhances clotting of blood. Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLs) have been detected in up to a third of AAV and might also be induced by drugs such as cocaine adulterated with levamisole and propylthiouracil, which are known to trigger AAV. Such APLs further drive the thrombosis in AAV. Once thrombogenesis occurs, the homeostatic mechanisms resulting in clot dissolution are further impaired in AAV due to anti-plasminogen antibodies. The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with endothelial injury and NETosis, mechanisms which are in common with AAV. Reports of new-onset AAV following COVID-19 have been described in the literature, and there could be shared mechanisms driving these processes that require further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasanna Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.
| | - Koshy Nithin Thomas
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India
| | - Armen Yuri Gasparyan
- Departments of Rheumatology and Research and Development, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust (Teaching Trust of the University of Birmingham, UK), Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK
| | - Olena Zimba
- Department of Internal Medicine #2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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29
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Chmayssem A, Monsalve-Grijalba K, Alias M, Mourier V, Vignoud S, Scomazzon L, Muller C, Barthes J, Vrana NE, Mailley P. Reference method for off-line analysis of nitrogen oxides in cell culture media by an ozone-based chemiluminescence detector. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1383-1393. [PMID: 33404746 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and its by-products are important biological signals in human physiology and pathology particularly in the vascular and immune systems. Thus, in situ determination of the NO-related molecule (NOx) levels using embedded sensors is of high importance particularly in the context of cellular biocompatibility testing. However, NOx analytical reference method dedicated to the evaluation of biomaterial biocompatibility testing is lacking. Herein, we demonstrate a PAPA-NONOate-based reference method for the calibration of NOx sensors. After, the validation of this reference method and its potentialities were demonstrated for the detection of the oxidative stress-related NO secretion of vascular endothelial cells in a 3D tissue issued from 3D printing. Such NOx detection method can be an integral part of cell response to biomaterials. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Chmayssem
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, Grenoble, F-38000, France.
| | | | - Mélanie Alias
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Véronique Mourier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Séverine Vignoud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Loïc Scomazzon
- Inserm UMR 1121, 11 rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Muller
- Inserm UMR 1121, 11 rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Barthes
- Inserm UMR 1121, 11 rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nihal Engin Vrana
- Spartha Medical, 14B Rue de la Canardière, 67100, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Mailley
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, L2CB, Grenoble, F-38000, France.
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Abstract
Lung fluid balance is maintained in part by the barriers formed by the pulmonary microvasculature and alveolar epithelium. Failure of either of these barriers leads to pulmonary edema, which limits lung function and exacerbates the severity of acute lung injury. Here we describe a method using Evans Blue dye to simultaneously measure the function of vascular and epithelial barriers of murine lungs in vivo.
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Restini CBA, Fink GD, Watts SW. Vascular reactivity stimulated by TMA and TMAO: Are perivascular adipose tissue and endothelium involved? Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105273. [PMID: 33197599 PMCID: PMC7855790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylamine (TMA), formed by intestinal microbiota, and its Flavin-Monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) product Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO), are potential modulators of host cardiometabolic phenotypes. High circulating levels of TMAO are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that TMA/TMAO could directly change the vascular tone. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) helps to regulate vascular homeostasis and may also possess FMO3. Thoracic aorta with(+) or without(-) PVAT, also + or - the endothelium (E), of male Sprague Dawley rats were isolated for measurement of isometric tone in response to TMA/TMAO (1nM-0.5 M). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies were done to identify the presence of FMO3. TMA and TMAO elicited concentration-dependent arterial contraction. However, at a maximally achievable concentration (0.2 M), contraction stimulated by TMA was of a greater magnitude (141.5 ± 16% of maximum phenylephrine contraction) than that elicited by TMAO (19.1 ± 4.03%) with PVAT and endothelium intact. When PVAT was preserved, TMAO-induced contraction was extensively reduced the presence (19.1 ± 4.03%) versus absence of E (147.2 ± 20.5%), indicating that the endothelium plays a protective role against TMAO-induced contraction. FMO3 enzyme was present in aortic PVAT, but the FMO3 inhibitor methimazole did not affect contraction stimulated by TMA in aorta + PVAT. However, the l-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine reduced TMA-induced contraction by ∼50% compared to the vehicle. Though a high concentration of these compounds was needed to achieve contraction, the findings that TMA-induced contraction was independent of PVAT and E and mediated by nifedipine-sensitive calcium channels suggest metabolite-induced contraction may be physiologically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Baraldi A Restini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States; College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, 44575 Garfield Road, Building UC4, Clinton Township, MI, 48038, United States.
| | - Gregory D Fink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
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Porembskaya O, Lobastov K, Pashovkina O, Tsaplin S, Schastlivtsev I, Zhuravlev S, Laberko L, Rodoman G, Kravchuk V, Skvortsov A, Saiganov S. Thrombosis of pulmonary vasculature despite anticoagulation and thrombolysis: The findings from seven autopsies. Thromb Update 2020; 1:100017. [PMID: 38620510 PMCID: PMC7568050 DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2020.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) with the prevalence of pulmonary microcirculatory thrombosis is considered a common complication of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that develops despite anticoagulation. Methods The clinical course of the disease and the autopsy findings of seven deceased patients with verified COVID-19 were analyzed. The chest computed tomography (CT) scan was routinely performed while CT pulmonary angiography and a duplex ultrasound scan (DUS) of the lower limbs were used in cases of suspected VTE. The VTE prophylaxis was administered to all patients with intermediate or therapeutic doses of low-molecular-weight heparin. The histological examination of the lung tissue and other organs was performed with particular attention paid to the pulmonary vasculature. Results Venous thromboembolism, including deep vein thrombosis in one patient and pulmonary artery thrombosis in two patients, was confirmed by imaging tests despite anticoagulation. Systemic thrombolysis was performed in two patients with putative and confirmed pulmonary embolism. An autopsy revealed the signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome in all seven patients. Abnormalities of lung vessels were found in all cases and were represented by dystrophy and necrosis in the endothelium and muscle fibers, and by infiltration by plasmatic cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. Multiple clots of variable maturity were observed. All those changes developed despite anticoagulation and were preserved after systemic thrombolysis. Conclusion Inflammatory and prothrombotic changes in the arterial wall in parallel with the lack of lung perfusion may cause diffuse arterial thrombosis in the lungs. This background may be responsible for the low response to systemic anticoagulation and thrombolysis in severe forms of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Porembskaya
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - K Lobastov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow City Hospital No.24, Moscow, Russia
| | - O Pashovkina
- Clinical Hospital No.1 of the President's Administration of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Tsaplin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Clinical Hospital No.1 of the President's Administration of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Schastlivtsev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Clinical Hospital No.1 of the President's Administration of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Zhuravlev
- Clinical Hospital No.1 of the President's Administration of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - L Laberko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow City Hospital No.24, Moscow, Russia
| | - G Rodoman
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow City Hospital No.24, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Kravchuk
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Skvortsov
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - S Saiganov
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Wang Z, Yang B, Chen X, Zhou Q, Li H, Chen S, Yin D, He H, He M. Nobiletin Regulates ROS/ADMA/DDAHII/eNOS/NO Pathway and Alleviates Vascular Endothelium Injury by Iron Overload. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:87-97. [PMID: 32002792 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload is harmful to health and associates with intracellular excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Nobiletin (Nob) is known to be antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, whether Nob can protect endothelial cells against iron overload has not been studied, and the specific mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we have identified the protective effects of Nob, and its underlying molecular mechanism in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) suffered from iron overload via ROS/ADMA/DDAHII/eNOS/NO pathway. We found that compared with 50 μM iron dextran treatment, co-treatment with 20 μM Nob increased cell viability and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Besides, Nob could upregulate DDAHII expression and activity, promote eNOS phosphorylation to produce more NO, reduce ADMA content, and therefore increase superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, and decrease malondialdehyde level and ROS generation. Nob also inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) openness and cleaved caspase-3 expression, and decreased apoptosis induced by iron overload. These results were consistent when Nob was replaced by the positive control reagents L-arginine (a competitive substrate of ADMA), cyclosporin A (an mPTP closing agent), or edaravone (a free radical scavenger). The addition of pAD/DDAHII-shRNA adenovirus reversed the above effects of Nob. These data suggested that the protective mechanism of Nob was to inhibit ROS burst, upregulate DDAHII expression and activity, promote eNOS phosphorylation, produce NO, reduce ADMA content, and ultimately alleviate iron overload damage in vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xuepiao Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huan He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Ming He
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
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34
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Chen H, Wu L, Diao K, Sheng Y, Chen X, Song Y, Jin Q, Yang P, Song J. Identification of "antigen-specific" neutrophils in atherosclerosis patients that compromise vascular endothelial barrier function. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:6827-6840. [PMID: 33194075 PMCID: PMC7653617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial barrier dysfunction is associated with the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis (AS). This study aims to identify specific antigen (Ag, in short)-specific polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in AS patients and to investigate the role of "Ag-specific" PMN activation in causing vascular endothelial barrier dysfunction. In this study, PMNs were isolated from blood samples collected from patients with AS and analyzed with immunological approaches. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) monolayers were used as a vascular endothelial barrier model. The results showed that "Ag-specific" PMNs were identified in the blood of 50 AS patients. This subset of PMN was featured as the FcγRI and specific IgG (sIgG) complexes on the cell surface; exposure to specific Ags triggered the "Ag-specific" PMNs to release proinflammatory cytokines. PMN-derived cytokine levels in the serum were positively correlated with the serum levels of sIgG in AS patients. Exposure of naive PMNs to sIgG formed FcγRI and sIgG complexes on the surface; this conferred PMNs the property to be recognized and activated by specific Ag. Stimulation of "Ag-specific" PMN activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the activities of nuclear factor activated T cells and promoted the gene transcription of tumor necrosis factor-α. Coculture of "Ag-specific" PMNs and HUVEC monolayers in the presence of specific Ag resulted in the HUVEC monolayer barrier dysfunction. In conclusion, "Ag-specific" PMNs were identified in AS patients. Activation of the PMNs compromised vascular endothelial barrier function. Therefore, to regulate the "Ag-specific" PMN's activities may have translational potential in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiyuan Diao
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen, China
| | - Yixuan Sheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College167A Beilishi Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yannan Song
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen, China
| | - Qiaoruo Jin
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and DiseasesShenzhen, China
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and DiseasesShenzhen, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College167A Beilishi Road, Beijing, China
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Varikuti S, Jha BK, Holcomb EA, McDaniel JC, Karpurapu M, Srivastava N, McGwire BS, Satoskar AR, Parinandi NL. The role of vascular endothelium and exosomes in human protozoan parasitic diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4. [PMID: 33089078 PMCID: PMC7575144 DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2020.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a vital component in maintaining the structure and function of blood vessels. The endothelial cells (ECs) mediate vital regulatory functions such as the proliferation of cells, permeability of various tissue membranes, and exchange of gases, thrombolysis, blood flow, and homeostasis. The vascular endothelium also regulates inflammation and immune cell trafficking, and ECs serve as a replicative niche for many bacterial, viral, and protozoan infectious diseases. Endothelial dysfunction can lead to vasodilation and pro-inflammation, which are the hallmarks of many severe diseases. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles that emerge from cells and serve as important extracellular components, which facilitate communication between cells and maintain homeostasis during normal and pathophysiological states. Exosomes are also involved in gene transfer, inflammation and antigen presentation, and mediation of the immune response during pathogenic states. Protozoa are a diverse group of unicellular organisms that cause many infectious diseases in humans. In this regard, it is becoming increasingly evident that many protozoan parasites (such as Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Leishmania, and Toxoplasma) utilize exosomes for the transfer of their virulence factors and effector molecules into the host cells, which manipulate the host gene expression, immune responses, and other biological activities to establish and modulate infection. In this review, we discuss the role of the vascular endothelium and exosomes in and their contribution to pathogenesis in malaria, African sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis with an emphasis on their actions on the innate and adaptive immune mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Varikuti
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA.,Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali 304022, India
| | - Bijay Kumar Jha
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Erin A Holcomb
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Jodi C McDaniel
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Manjula Karpurapu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali 304022, India
| | - Bradford S McGwire
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Abhay R Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Narasimham L Parinandi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
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Irfan M, Kwak YS, Han CK, Hyun SH, Rhee MH. Adaptogenic effects of Panax ginseng on modulation of cardiovascular functions. J Ginseng Res 2020; 44:538-543. [PMID: 32617033 PMCID: PMC7322748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a rapidly growing epidemic with high morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to develop nutraceutical-based therapy with minimum side effects to reduce cardiovascular risk. Panax ginseng occupies a prominent status in herbal medicine for its various therapeutic effects against inflammation, allergy, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer, with positive, beneficial, and restorative effects. The active components found in most P. ginseng varieties are known to include ginsenosides, polysaccharides, peptides, alkaloids, polyacetylene, and phenolic compounds, which are considered to be the main pharmacologically active constituents in ginseng. P. ginseng is an adaptogen. That is, it supports living organisms to maintain optimal homeostasis by exerting effects that counteract physiological changes caused by physical, chemical, or biological stressors. P. ginseng possesses immunomodulatory (including both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive), neuromodulatory, and cardioprotective effects; suppresses anxiety; and balances vascular tone. P. ginseng has an antihypertensive effect that has been explained by its vasorelaxant action, and paradoxically, it is also known to increase blood pressure by vasoconstriction and help maintain cardiovascular health. Here, we discuss the potential adaptogenic effects of P. ginseng on the cardiovascular system and outline a future research perspective in this area.
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Key Words
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- APP, Amyloid precursor protein
- Adaptogen
- Akt, Protein kinase B
- Aβ, Amyloid-beta
- CVD, Cardiovascular disease
- Cardioprotective
- Ginsenoside
- NO, Nitric oxide
- PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase
- Panax ginseng
- Vascular endothelium
- cGMP, Cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate
- eNOS, Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Seong Kwak
- R&D Headquarters, Korean Ginseng cooperation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- R&D Headquarters, Korean Ginseng cooperation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Hyun
- R&D Headquarters, Korean Ginseng cooperation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Solomonica A, Wagner C, Lavi S. Endothelial Dysfunction Is Not Associated With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2020; 21:1539-1541. [PMID: 32473907 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an important cause of acute coronary syndrome, yet its pathophysiology is only partially understood. We sought to assess the association between endothelial dysfunction (ED) and SCAD. METHODS We prospectively assessed patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome who were diagnosed with SCAD. The control arm had established coronary artery atherosclerotic disease (AD) according to previous coronary angiography. ED was assessed using the EndoPAT 2000 while patients returned to their steady state condition. A total of 16 patients with SCAD and 66 patients with AD were included. RESULTS Microvascular reactivity as assessed with the EndoPAT was significantly worse in the AD group compared to the SCAD group. The median RHI in the AD group was 1.76 (IQR 1.52, 2.2) vs. a median RHI of 2.08 (IQR 1.73, 2.79) in the SCAD group (p < 0.05). While the RHI values in half of the AD group (33 patients; 50%) were below the cut-off of 1.67 only one patient had an RHI below this cut-off in the SCAD group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SCAD were not found to have ED and it is therefore unlikely that ED takes part in SCAD formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Solomonica
- Rambam Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Cassandra Wagner
- Western University, Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahar Lavi
- Western University, Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
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38
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Hussein MM. Structural and functional characteristics of the special regulatory devices in the peripheral pulmonary circulation in rabbits. Protoplasma 2020; 257:755-766. [PMID: 31873814 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study intended to describe in detail the several blood vessels harboring special regulatory devices in rabbit's pulmonary tissue using light and electron microscopy and immuno-histochemistry. Numerous throttle arteries were recorded within the adventitia of the segmental and sub-segmental bronchi and within pulmonary pleura. These arteries showed characteristic narrow or obliterated lumens and some of them bear longitudinal muscular intimal bolsters. For the first time, TEM revealed some structural modifications of the vascular endothelial cells of these arteries indicating that they become more activated to perform some additional functions. Arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) including direct shunt vessels and glomus organs were also recognized. Direct arteriovenous shunts appeared as small connecting devices communicating between small arteries and small veins while glomus organs consisted of the tortuous glomus vessels and the related afferent and efferent vessels. Several arteries and veins showing unique unusual structural characteristics were also described. For the first time, serotonin (5-HT) was strongly expressed in the vascular endothelium and muscle fibers of throttle arteries, in glomus cells of the glomus vessels, and in vascular endothelium of some veins and venules of special structure. The exact role of 5-HT is still unknown and further investigations are required to determine the types and distribution of 5-HT receptors present in these vascular devices. We concluded that these special vascular devices can play a critical role in controlling blood flow and pressure in the peripheral pulmonary circulation; however, the exact physiological mechanisms by which they work or are controlled remain unknown providing a ripe area for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71526, Egypt.
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Zhang HN, Dai Y, Zhang CH, Omondi AM, Ghosh A, Khanra I, Chakraborty M, Yu XB, Liang J. Sirtuins family as a target in endothelial cell dysfunction: implications for vascular ageing. Biogerontology. 2020;21:495-516. [PMID: 32285331 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a protective barrier between the bloodstream and the vasculature that may be disrupted by different factors such as the presence of diseased states. Diseases like diabetes and obesity pose a great risk toward endothelial cell inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to endothelial cell dysfunction and thereby cardiovascular complications such as atherosclerosis. Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases that are implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, and they have been identified to be important regulators of endothelial cell function. A handful of recent studies suggest that disbalance in the regulation of endothelial sirtuins, mainly sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), contributes to endothelial cell dysfunction. Herein, we summarize how SIRT1 and other sirtuins may contribute to endothelial cell function and how presence of diseased conditions may alter their expressions to cause endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, we discuss how the beneficial effects of exercise on the endothelium are dependent on SIRT1. These mainly include regulation of signaling pathways related to endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and nitric oxide production, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways, oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Sirtuins as modulators of the adverse conditions in the endothelium hold a promising therapeutic potential for health conditions related to endothelial dysfunction and vascular ageing.
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Ali H. SCUBE2, vascular endothelium, and vascular complications: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110129. [PMID: 32278240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium plays a vital role in regulating normal vascular function. Endothelial lining maintains the balance of thrombolytic and fibrinolytic microenvironment in the vasculature. Alterations of vascular endothelium referred to as endothelial dysfunction, caused the pathological changes in vessel wall such activation of proinflammatory and procoagulatory that initiate atherosclerosis. The concept that endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the initiation of atherosclerosis due to vascular inflammation gained tremendous attention. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic-related disease that caused high mortality and morbidity, leading to its cardiovascular complication over the past decade. Atherosclerosis is the leading cardiovascular complication in diabetes mellitus. Despite metabolic and glycemic control, atherosclerotic plaque progression remains an enormous problem in diabetes mellitus complications. Thus, new inroads therapeutic approach in preventing complications that induced inflammation in endothelial cells could help prevent the disease progression. Signal peptide-CUB-EGF like domain-containing protein 2 (SCUBE2) expressed in vascular endothelium and reported to involve in inflammation. A recent study reported an increased SCUBE2 expression in diabetes mellitus and correlated with high expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a proinflammatory endothelial cell-derived peptide. Moreover, this gene showed to increase during atherosclerosis development. The present systematic review will summarize the involvement of SCUBE2 in vascular endothelium function changes and vascular complication, particularly in diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirowati Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Indonesia; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Andalas University, Indonesia.
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Zhou Q, Chen S, Li H, Yang B, Chen T, Hu T, Yin D, He H, He M. Tetramethylpyrazine alleviates iron overload damage in vascular endothelium via upregulating DDAHII expression. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104817. [PMID: 32135237 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload causes vascular endothelium damage. It has been thought to relate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active ingredient of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, protects various cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and cascade reaction of apoptosis. However, whether TMP can increase DDAHII activity and expression against endothelial cell damage induced by iron overload, and the protective mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, 50 μM iron dextran and 25 μM TMP were used to co-treat HUVECs for 48 h. TMP could increase cell viability and decrease LDH activity, enhance DDAHII expression and activity, p-eNOS/eNOS ratio, NO content, and reduce ADMA level. TMP also showed a strong antioxidant activity with inhibited ROS generation and oxidative stress. Moreover, TMP attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential loss, inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore openness, and decreased apoptosis induced by iron overload. While mentioned above, the protective effects of TMP were abolished with the addition of pAD/DDAHII-shRNA. The effects of TMP against iron overload were similar to the positive control groups, L-arginine, a competitive substrate of ADMA, or edaravone, free radical scavenger. These results signify that TMP alleviated iron overload damage in vascular endothelium via ROS/ADMA/ DDAHII/eNOS/NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Tianpeng Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Tianhong Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Huan He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Ming He
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, China
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Canguven O, Al Malki AH. Vitamin D and Male Erectile Function: An Updated Review. World J Mens Health 2020; 39:31-37. [PMID: 32009309 PMCID: PMC7752519 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Literature support that vitamin-D is important for different systems of the human body including, but not limited to endocrine and immune systems, vasculature and endothelial function of the body. Male erectile function depends on many factors and can be perceived as a health indicator of the body. Epidemiological data have shown that vitamin-D deficiency is also associated with erectile dysfunction. In this review, our aim is to interpret the mechanisms by which vitamin-D might regulate anatomy and physiology of penis. Evidence showed that vitamin-D is needed for an adequate erectile function. Briefly, vitamin-D is crucial for a better healthy body and sexual activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onder Canguven
- Department of Urology, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ahmad H Al Malki
- Department of Urology, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Urology, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Lorigo M, Mariana M, Lemos MC, Cairrao E. Vascular mechanisms of testosterone: The non-genomic point of view. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 196:105496. [PMID: 31655180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone (T) is the predominant endogenous androgen in the bloodstream. At the vascular level, T presents genomic and non-genomic effects, and both effects may overlap. The genomic actions assume that androgens can freely cross the plasma membrane of target cells and bind to nuclear androgen receptors, inducing gene transcription and protein synthesis. The non-genomic effects have a more rapid onset and may be related to the interaction with protein/receptor/ion channels of the plasma membrane. The key T effect at the vascular level is vasorelaxation, which is primarily due to its rapid effect. Thus, the main purpose of this review is to discuss the T non-genomic effects at the vascular level and the molecular pathways involved in its vasodilator effect observed in in vivo and in vitro studies. In this sense, the nuclear receptor activation, the influence of vascular endothelium and the activation or inhibition of ion channels (potassium and calcium channels, respectively) will be reviewed regarding all the data that corroborated or not. Moreover, this review also provides a brief update on the association of T with the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, namely metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. In summary, in this paper we consider the non-genomic vascular mode of action of androgen in physiological conditions and the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Melissa Mariana
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Manuel C Lemos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Chen X, Li H, Wang Z, Zhou Q, Chen S, Yang B, Yin D, He H, He M. Quercetin protects the vascular endothelium against iron overload damages via ROS/ADMA/DDAHⅡ/eNOS/NO pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 868:172885. [PMID: 31870832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant accumulation of iron causes vascular endothelium damage, which is thought to be associated with excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Quercetin (Que), as a flavonoid, has a certain ability to scavenge free radicals. Therefore, we aimed to explore the protective mechanism of Que on iron overload induced HUVECs injury focused on ROS/ADMA/DDAHⅡ/eNOS/NO pathway. In this study, HUVECs was treated with 50 μM iron dextran and 20 μM Que for 48 h. We found that Que attenuated the damages induced by iron, as evidenced by decreased ROS generation, increased DDAHⅡexpression and activity, reduced ADMA level, increased NO content and p-eNOS/eNOS ratio, and eventually caused a decrease in apoptosis. After addition of pAD/DDAHⅡ-shRNA, the effects of Que mentioned above were reversed. Meanwhile, iron overload induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) opening, which were also partially alleviated by Que. In addition, L-arginine (L-Arg), a ADMA competition substrate, ciclosporin A (CsA), a mPTP blocking agent, and edaravone (Eda), a free radical scavenger, were used as positive control reagents. The effects of Que were similar to that of L-Arg, CsA and Eda treatment. These results illustrated that Que could attenuate iron overload induced HUVECs mitochondrial dysfunction via ROS/ADMA/DDAHⅡ/eNOS/NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepiao Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Huan He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Ming He
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang, 330006, China
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de Assunção Machado AC, da Silva AMV, Signori LU, da Costa Alvarez G, Mottin CC. Endothelial Function of Patients with Morbid Obesity Submitted to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass With and Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome. Obes Surg 2019; 28:3595-3603. [PMID: 30054874 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSA) and both induce endothelial dysfunction. However, the effect of OSA on endothelial function after bariatric surgery has not been investigated yet. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the impact of weight loss on endothelial function in patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the first 6 months after bariatric surgery. SETTING This study was conducted at a university hospital, in Brazil. METHODS The sample consisted of 56 patients homogeneously divided into groups with and without OSA. All patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and the diagnosis of OSA was performed by polysomnography. The patients were evaluated preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. The evaluations included anthropometric measures, electrical bioimpedance, clinical symptoms of OSA, and endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation). RYGB improved the anthropometric, bioimpedance, and endothelial function results in both groups. RESULTS Patients presented a significant clinical improvement in OSA symptoms throughout the study. However, patients with OSA had an improvement in the endothelial function 2.5% lower (p < 0.001) than patients without APNEA syndrome. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the existence of OSA prior to bariatric surgery interferes in the improvement of endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina de Assunção Machado
- Departamento de Fisioterapia e Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. .,Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima no. 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Luis Ulisses Signori
- Departamento de Fisioterapia e Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio Corá Mottin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Bhati P, Alam R, Moiz JA, Hussain ME. Subclinical inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are linked to cardiac autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:419-428. [PMID: 31890667 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to examine association between inflammatory and endothelial function biomarkers and indices of cardiac autonomic control in T2DM patients. Methods 50 T2DM patients were recruited for this study. For cardiac autonomic function, cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis was performed. Blood samples were collected for evaluating inflammatory and endothelial function biomarkers. Multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for diabetes duration, glycemic control, waist circumference, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metformin, and statins was performed to examine the association between the biomarkers and cardiac autonomic function parameters. Results Interleukin-6 was inversely related to total power (p = .009) and low frequency power (p = .04). Interleukin-18 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein inversely correlated with measures of cardiac vagal control (p < .05). Both nitric oxide and endothelial nitric oxide synthase were positively linked with cardiac vagal control indices (p < .05) whereas endothelin-1 did not show any independent association with cardiac autonomic function parameters. Conclusions Biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function are associated with measures of cardiac vagal control and global HRV which suggest that there is some pathophysiological link between subclinical inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bhati
- 1Diabetes Research Group, Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Rizwan Alam
- 2Deen Dayal Upadhyay Kaushal Kendra, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Jamal Ali Moiz
- 1Diabetes Research Group, Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - M Ejaz Hussain
- 1Diabetes Research Group, Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
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de Carvalho EF, Gadelha KKL, de Oliveira DMN, Lima-Silva K, Batista-Lima FJ, de Brito TS, Paula SM, da Silva MTB, Dos Santos AA, Magalhães PJC. Neryl butyrate induces contractile effects on isolated preparations of rat aorta. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:43-55. [PMID: 31420719 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01709-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neryl butyrate is a constituent of volatile oils obtained from aromatic plants. Aliphatic organic compound analogues chemically close to neryl butyrate possess vasodilator properties in rat aorta. To evaluate whether neryl butyrate has relaxing properties, this study tested its effects on isolated rat aorta. Unlike the analogues, neryl butyrate did not show relaxant profile in aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine, but induced a contraction when it stimulated aortic rings under resting tonus. The contractile effect augmented in endothelium-denuded aortic rings. Treatment of endothelium-intact preparations with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME or the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ also augmented the contractile effect of neryl butyrate. Such phenomenon was absent in the presence of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. Contractile responses decreased in the presence of verapamil, a L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, or when Ca2+ was removed from the extracellular solution. Antagonists of α-adrenergic receptors (prazosin and yohimbine), but not the thromboxane-prostanoid receptor seratrodast, reversed the contraction induced by neryl butyrate. The α1A selective antagonist RS-17053 antagonized the neryl butyrate-induced contraction. The contraction caused by neryl butyrate was decreased by inhibiting the phospholipase C or the rho-associated kinase with U-73122 or Y-27632, respectively. Injected intravenously to awake rats, neryl butyrate induced arterial hypotension and bradycardia. Decreased frequency was also present in isolated right atrium preparations. In conclusion, the contractile effects of neryl butyrate were inhibited by α-adrenergic antagonists, indicating the involvement of α-adrenoceptors in the mechanism of action. In vivo, neryl butyrate caused hypotension, suggesting that other systemic influence than vasoconstriction may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Karine Lima-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Suliana Mesquita Paula
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro Jorge Caldas Magalhães
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, R. Cel. Nunes de Melo 1315, Centro de Biomedicina, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-270, Brazil.
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Lalonde S, Codina-Fauteux VA, de Bellefon SM, Leblanc F, Beaudoin M, Simon MM, Dali R, Kwan T, Lo KS, Pastinen T, Lettre G. Integrative analysis of vascular endothelial cell genomic features identifies AIDA as a coronary artery disease candidate gene. Genome Biol 2019; 20:133. [PMID: 31287004 PMCID: PMC6613242 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1749-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and blood pressure (BP) or hypertension. Many of these loci are not linked to traditional risk factors, nor do they include obvious candidate genes, complicating their functional characterization. We hypothesize that many GWAS loci associated with vascular diseases modulate endothelial functions. Endothelial cells play critical roles in regulating vascular homeostasis, such as roles in forming a selective barrier, inflammation, hemostasis, and vascular tone, and endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and hypertension. To test this hypothesis, we generate an integrated map of gene expression, open chromatin region, and 3D interactions in resting and TNFα-treated human endothelial cells. RESULTS We show that genetic variants associated with CAD and BP are enriched in open chromatin regions identified in endothelial cells. We identify physical loops by Hi-C and link open chromatin peaks that include CAD or BP SNPs with the promoters of genes expressed in endothelial cells. This analysis highlights 991 combinations of open chromatin regions and gene promoters that map to 38 CAD and 92 BP GWAS loci. We validate one CAD locus, by engineering a deletion of the TNFα-sensitive regulatory element using CRISPR/Cas9 and measure the effect on the expression of the novel CAD candidate gene AIDA. CONCLUSIONS Our data support an important role played by genetic variants acting in the vascular endothelium to modulate inter-individual risk in CAD and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lalonde
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
| | - Valérie-Anne Codina-Fauteux
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Sébastian Méric de Bellefon
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Francis Leblanc
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Mélissa Beaudoin
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
| | - Marie-Michelle Simon
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Center, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada
| | - Rola Dali
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Center, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada
| | - Tony Kwan
- McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Center, Montréal, Québec H3A 0G1 Canada
| | - Ken Sin Lo
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine (CPGM), Children’s Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger street, Montréal, Québec H1T 1C8 Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4 Canada
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Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Huang X, Xie Y, Qu Y, Long H, Gu N, Jiang W. Z-Ligustilide protects vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress and rescues high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis by activating multiple NRF2 downstream genes. Atherosclerosis 2019; 284:110-120. [PMID: 30897380 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction is considered to exert a vital role in the development of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD). NRF2 is a key transcriptional factor against oxidative stress through activation of multiple ARE-mediated genes. Z-Lig is derived from the Ligusticum species with antitumor, anti-inflammation and neuroprotection activities. However, the antioxidant potentials of Z-Lig on endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis have not been well elucidated. Therefore, in the present work, we appraise the cytoprotective property and anti-atherosclerosis effect of Z-Lig. METHODS Potential NRF2 activators were screened and verified by luciferase reporter gene assay. The protein and mRNA levels of NRF2 and ARE-mediated genes, and GSH/GSSG level in EA.hy926 cells treated with Z-Lig were detected. The cytoprotective property of Z-Lig was assessed in the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-evoked oxidative stress model. Cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in EA.hy926 cells were determined. An atherosclerosis model induced by HFD was used to determine the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Z-Lig in HFD-fed Ldlr-deficient mice. RESULTS In vitro, 100 μM Z-Lig upregulated expressions of NRF2 and ARE-driven genes, promoted accumulation of nuclear NRF2 and unbound NRF2- KEAP1 complex in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, Z-Lig alleviated oxidative stress and cell injury caused by t-BHP via stimulation of the NRF2/ARE pathway. In vivo, intervention with 20 mg/kg Z-Lig markedly restrained atherosclerosis progression, including attenuation of HFD-induced atherosclerotic plaque formation, alleviation of lipid peroxidation and increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in aortas of HFD-fed Ldlr-/- mice. The chemopreventive effects of Z-Lig might be associated with the activation of NRF2 and ARE-driven genes. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that Z-Lig is an effective NRF2 activator, which can protect vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress and rescue HFD-induced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; First clinical medicine college of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Clinical Biobank, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xia Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; First clinical medicine college of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongyan Long
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Clinical Biobank, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Weimin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; First clinical medicine college of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Magriñá-Mercado RM, Ramírez-Rentería C, Almeida-Gutiérrez E, Mendoza-Zubieta V, Ferreira-Hermosillo A. Evaluation of endothelial function and diastolic function in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy. CIR CIR 2019; 87:196-204. [PMID: 30768074 DOI: 10.24875/ciru.18000520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the leading cause of outpatient hypercalcemia associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV) has been proposed as a non-invasive method for assessing endothelial function. Objective To compare the endothelial dysfunction measured by FMV and diastolic dysfunction in patients with PHPT before and after parathyroidectomy. Method We performed a quasi-experimental (before-after) study to evaluate diastolic function and FMV in patients with PHPT before and six months after parathyroidectomy. Results Fifteen patients completed study: 12 women and 3 men; 73% presented lithiasis, 27% osteoporosis and 53% metabolic syndrome; 73% presented diastolic dysfunction before the surgery and 60% after the surgery (p = 0.09). Post-isquemia brachial diameter improved from 41 mm (before surgery) to 46 mm (after surgery; p = 0.020). After surgery, we also observed an increase in the brachial diameter pre vs. post-ischemia from 41 to 46 mm (p = 0.005). Before surgery, the change in the delta of brachial diameter pre and post-ischemia was 1 mm and up to 4 mm after surgery (p = 0.03). Conclusions There is a minor endothelial dysfunction measured by FMV in patients who underwent surgery for PHPT at 6 months after surgery, as well as a trend towards improvement in diastolic dysfunction. Echocardiography can be useful in the preoperative evaluation in patients with asymptomatic PHPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser M Magriñá-Mercado
- Servicio de Endocrinología. Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Claudia Ramírez-Rentería
- Unidad de Investigación en Endocrinología Experimental. Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Almeida-Gutiérrez
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Victoria Mendoza-Zubieta
- Servicio de Endocrinología. Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo
- Unidad de Investigación en Endocrinología Experimental. Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Ciudad de México, México
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