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Xie L, Chen H, Zhang L, Ma Y, Zhou Y, Yang YY, Liu C, Wang YL, Yan YJ, Ding J, Teng X, Yang Q, Liu XP, Wu J. JCAD deficiency attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cells and cholestatic fibrosis. Clin Mol Hepatol 2024; 30:206-224. [PMID: 38190829 PMCID: PMC11016487 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2023.0506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cholestatic liver diseases including primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are associated with active hepatic fibrogenesis, which ultimately progresses to cirrhosis. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the main fibrogenic effectors in response to cholangiocyte damage. JCAD regulates cell proliferation and malignant transformation in nonalcoholic steatoheaptitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC). However, its participation in cholestatic fibrosis has not been explored yet. METHODS Serial sections of liver tissue of PBC patients were stained with immunofluorescence. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in wild-type (WT), global JCAD knockout mice (JCAD-KO) and HSC-specific JCAD knockout mice (HSC-JCAD-KO), and evaluated by histopathology and biochemical tests. In situ-activated HSCs isolated from BDL mice were used to determine effects of JCAD on HSC activation. RESULTS In consistence with staining of liver sections from PBC patients, immunofluorescent staining revealed that JCAD expression was identified in smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA)-positive fibroblast-like cells and was significantly up-regulated in WT mice with BDL. JCAD deficiency remarkably ameliorated BDL-induced hepatic injury and fibrosis, as documented by liver hydroxyproline content, when compared to WT mice with BDL. Histopathologically, collagen deposition was dramatically reduced in both JCAD-KO and HSC-JCAD-KO mice compared to WT mice, as visualized by Trichrome staining and semi-quantitative scores. Moreover, JCAD deprivation significantly attenuated in situ HSC activation and reduced expression of fibrotic genes after BDL. CONCLUSION JCAD deficiency effectively suppressed hepatic fibrosis induced by BDL in mice, and the underlying mechanisms are largely through suppressed Hippo-YAP signaling activity in HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Li Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yan
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Teng
- HistoIndex Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiang Yang
- Hangzhou Choutu Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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2
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Zhang L, Yang Y, Xie L, Zhou Y, Zhong Z, Ding J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Yu F, Wu J. JCAD deficiency delayed liver regenerative repair through the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1630. [PMID: 38509842 PMCID: PMC10955226 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver regeneration retardation post partial hepatectomy (PH) is a common clinical problem after liver transplantation. Identification of key regulators in liver regeneration post PH may be beneficial for clinically improving the prognosis of patients after liver transplantation. This study aimed to clarify the function of junctional protein-associated with coronary artery disease (JCAD) in liver regeneration post PH and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. METHODS JCAD knockout (JCAD-KO), liver-specific JCAD-KO (Jcad△Hep) mice and their control group were subjected to 70% PH. RNA sequencing was conducted to unravel the related signalling pathways. Primary hepatocytes from KO mice were treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) to evaluate DNA replication. Fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) live-imaging system was used to visualise the phases of cell cycle. RESULTS Both global and liver-specific JCAD deficiency postponed liver regeneration after PH as indicated by reduced gene expression of cell cycle transition and DNA replication. Prolonged retention in G1 phase and failure to transition over the cell cycle checkpoint in JCAD-KO cell line was indicated by a FUCCI live-imaging system as well as pharmacologic blockage. JCAD replenishment by adenovirus reversed the impaired DNA synthesis in JCAD-KO primary hepatocyte in exposure to EGF, which was abrogated by a Yes-associated protein (YAP) inhibitor, verteporfin. Mechanistically, JCAD competed with large tumour suppressor 2 (LATS2) for WWC1 interaction, leading to LATS2 inhibition and thereafter YAP activation, and enhanced expression of cell cycle-associated genes. CONCLUSION JCAD deficiency led to delayed regeneration after PH as a result of blockage in cell cycle progression through the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway. These findings uncovered novel functions of JCAD and suggested a potential strategy for improving graft growth and function post liver transplantation. KEY POINTS JCAD deficiency leads to an impaired liver growth after PH due to cell division blockage. JCAD competes with LATS2 for WWC1 interaction, resulting in LATS2 inhibition, YAP activation and enhanced expression of cell cycle-associated genes. Delineation of JCADHippoYAP signalling pathway would facilitate to improve prognosis of acute liver failure and graft growth in living-donor liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yong‐Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenxing Zhong
- Institute of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Jia Ding
- Jing'an Central District HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Zhong‐Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Li Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xiu‐Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fa‐Xing Yu
- Institute of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Department of Gastroenterology & HepatologyZhongshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Liver DiseasesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
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3
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Zhu QM, Hsu YHH, Lassen FH, MacDonald BT, Stead S, Malolepsza E, Kim A, Li T, Mizoguchi T, Schenone M, Guzman G, Tanenbaum B, Fornelos N, Carr SA, Gupta RM, Ellinor PT, Lage K. Protein interaction networks in the vasculature prioritize genes and pathways underlying coronary artery disease. Commun Biol 2024; 7:87. [PMID: 38216744 PMCID: PMC10786878 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Population-based association studies have identified many genetic risk loci for coronary artery disease (CAD), but it is often unclear how genes within these loci are linked to CAD. Here, we perform interaction proteomics for 11 CAD-risk genes to map their protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in human vascular cells and elucidate their roles in CAD. The resulting PPI networks contain interactions that are outside of known biology in the vasculature and are enriched for genes involved in immunity-related and arterial-wall-specific mechanisms. Several PPI networks derived from smooth muscle cells are significantly enriched for genetic variants associated with CAD and related vascular phenotypes. Furthermore, the networks identify 61 genes that are found in genetic loci associated with risk of CAD, prioritizing them as the causal candidates within these loci. These findings indicate that the PPI networks we have generated are a rich resource for guiding future research into the molecular pathogenesis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Martin Zhu
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-Han H Hsu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frederik H Lassen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bryan T MacDonald
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Stead
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Edyta Malolepsza
- Genomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - April Kim
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taibo Li
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taiji Mizoguchi
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica Schenone
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gaelen Guzman
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Tanenbaum
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nadine Fornelos
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rajat M Gupta
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kasper Lage
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
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4
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Frąk W, Wojtasińska A, Lisińska W, Młynarska E, Franczyk B, Rysz J. Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases: New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis, Arterial Hypertension, and Coronary Artery Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081938. [PMID: 36009488 PMCID: PMC9405799 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are disorders associated with the heart and circulatory system. Atherosclerosis is its major underlying cause. CVDs are chronic and can remain hidden for a long time. Moreover, CVDs are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, thus creating a major public health concern. This review summarizes the available information on the pathophysiological implications of CVDs, focusing on coronary artery disease along with atherosclerosis as its major cause and arterial hypertension. We discuss the endothelium dysfunction, inflammatory factors, and oxidation associated with atherosclerosis. Mechanisms such as dysfunction of the endothelium and inflammation, which have been identified as critical pathways for development of coronary artery disease, have become easier to diagnose in recent years. Relatively recently, evidence has been found indicating that interactions of the molecular and cellular elements such as matrix metalloproteinases, elements of the immune system, and oxidative stress are involved in the pathophysiology of arterial hypertension. Many studies have revealed several important inflammatory and genetic risk factors associated with CVDs. However, further investigation is crucial to improve our knowledge of CVDs progression and, more importantly, accelerate basic research to improve our understanding of the mechanism of pathophysiology.
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5
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Jimenez Y, Paulsen C, Turner E, Iturra S, Cuevas O, Lay-son G, Repetto GM, Rojas M, Calderon JF. Exome Sequencing Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Extreme Manifestations of the Cardiovascular Phenotype in Marfan Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061027. [PMID: 35741789 PMCID: PMC9223058 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan Syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by variants in the fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene. Cardinal features of MFS include ectopia lentis (EL), musculoskeletal features and aortic root aneurysm and dissection. Although dissection of the ascending aorta is the main cause of mortality in MFS, the clinical course differs considerably in age of onset and severity, even among individuals who share the same causative variant, suggesting the existence of additional genetic variants that modify the severity of the cardiovascular phenotype in MFS. We recruited MFS patients and classified them into severe (n = 8) or mild aortic phenotype (n = 14) according to age of presentation of the first aorta-related incident. We used Exome Sequencing to identify the genetic variants associated with the severity of aortic manifestations and we performed linkage analysis where suitable. We found five genes associated with severe aortic phenotype and three genes that could be protective for this phenotype in MFS. These genes regulate components of the extracellular matrix, TGFβ pathway and other signaling pathways that are involved in the maintenance of the ECM or angiogenesis. Further studies will be required to understand the functional effect of these variants and explore novel, personalized risk management and, potentially, therapies for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanireth Jimenez
- Doctorado en Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (Y.J.); (M.R.)
| | - Cesar Paulsen
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago 7500808, Chile; (C.P.); (E.T.); (S.I.); (O.C.)
| | - Eduardo Turner
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago 7500808, Chile; (C.P.); (E.T.); (S.I.); (O.C.)
| | - Sebastian Iturra
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago 7500808, Chile; (C.P.); (E.T.); (S.I.); (O.C.)
| | - Oscar Cuevas
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago 7500808, Chile; (C.P.); (E.T.); (S.I.); (O.C.)
- Departamento de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Guillermo Lay-son
- Unidad de Genética, División de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Gabriela M. Repetto
- Programa de Enfermedades Poco Frecuentes, Centro de Genética y Genómica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Marcelo Rojas
- Doctorado en Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (Y.J.); (M.R.)
| | - Juan F. Calderon
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Research Center for the Development of Novel Therapeutic Alternatives for Alcohol Use Disorders, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-22-578-5778
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6
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Sun C, He B, Sun M, Lv X, Wang F, Chen J, Zhang J, Ye Z, Wen J, Liu P. Yes-Associated Protein in Atherosclerosis and Related Complications: A Potential Therapeutic Target That Requires Further Exploration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:704208. [PMID: 34513949 PMCID: PMC8430249 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.704208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its complications diseases remain leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, bringing a massive burden on public health worldwide. Atherosclerosis is recognized as chronic inflammation, and involves several highly correlated processes, including lipid metabolism dysfunction, endothelial cell dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular smooth muscle cell activation, platelet activation, thrombosis, altered matrix metabolism, and vascular remodeling. Within the past few decades, accumulating evidence has shown that the Yes-associated protein (YAP), the major effector of the Hippo pathway, can play a crucial role in pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis. Activation of YAP-related pathways, which are induced by alerting flow pattern and matrix stiffness among others, can regulate processes including vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, monocyte infiltration, and smooth muscle cell migration, which contribute to atherosclerotic lesion formation. Further, YAP potentially modulates atherosclerotic complications such as vascular calcification and intraplaque hemorrhage, which require further investigation. Here, we summarized the relevant literature to outline current findings detailing the relationship between of YAP and atherosclerosis and highlight areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congrui Sun
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin He
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Sun
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuo Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyan Wen
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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JCAD expression and localization in human blood endothelial cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05121. [PMID: 33083606 PMCID: PMC7550929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Junctional Cadherin 5 Associated (JCAD) is an endothelial, cell-cell junction protein, and its expression is associated with cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and hypertension. However, to date, there are few studies confirming JCAD expression and precise localization in human tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Methods JCAD expression and localization was assessed in four human submandibular gland (SMG) specimens by immunohistochemical staining. One specimen of SMG with sialoadenitis was accompanied by severe inflammation and fibrosis, while the other was largely normal. Other two SMGs were accompanied by severe fibrosis because of irradiation. Results Immunohistochemical analysis of human SMGs revealed JCAD localization at the blood endothelial cell-cell junctions. JCAD expression was more evident in microvessels and arteries in areas affected by inflammation. Conclusions The localization of JCAD at endothelial cell-cell junctions was confirmed in human tissues. JCAD expression may be affected by pathological conditions.
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8
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Le Naour A, Rossary A, Vasson MP. EO771, is it a well-characterized cell line for mouse mammary cancer model? Limit and uncertainty. Cancer Med 2020; 9:8074-8085. [PMID: 33026171 PMCID: PMC7643677 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among mouse mammary tumor models, syngeneic cell lines present an advantage for the study of immune response. However, few of these models are well characterized. The tumor line EO771 is derived from spontaneous breast cancer of C57BL/6 mice. These cells are widely used but are referenced under different names: EO771, EO 771, and E0771. The characteristics of the EO771 cells are well described but some data are contradictory. This cell line presents the great interest of developing an immunocompetent neoplastic model using an orthotopic implantation reflecting the mammary tumors encountered in breast cancer patients. This review presents the phenotype characteristics of EO771 and its sensitivity to nutrients and different therapies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Le Naour
- UMR 1019 Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN team, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adrien Rossary
- UMR 1019 Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN team, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- UMR 1019 Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN team, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, Jean Perrin Cancer Centre, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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9
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Chen B, Wang D, Bian Y, Li J, Yang T, Li N, Qiao C. Systematic Identification of Hub Genes in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Based on Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis. Front Genet 2020; 11:551495. [PMID: 33101378 PMCID: PMC7522549 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.551495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a pathological condition of the placenta with abnormal adhesion or invasion of the placental villi to the uterine wall, which is associated with a variety of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Although some PAS-related molecules have been reported, the underlying regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Compared with the study of single gene or pathway, omics study, using advanced sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods, can increase our systematic understanding of diseases. In this study, placenta tissues from 5 patients with PAS and 5 healthy pregnant women were collected for transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing and integrated analysis. A total of 728 messenger RNAs and 439 proteins were found to be significantly different between PAS group and non-PAS group, in which 23 hub genes were differentially expressed in both transcriptome and proteome. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly related to cell proliferation, migration and vascular development. Totally 18 long non-coding RNA were found that might regulate the expression of hub genes. Many kinds of single nucleotide polymorphism, alternative splicing and gene fusion of hub genes were detected. This is the first time to systematically explore the hub genes and gene structure variations of PAS through integrated omics analysis, which provided a genetic basis for further in-depth study on the underlying regulatory mechanism of PAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Bian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiapo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Shenyang, China
| | - Chong Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.,Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Shenyang, China
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10
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Yu Y, Su X, Qin Q, Hou Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Jia M, Chen Y. Yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif as new targets in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:105009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Douglas G, Mehta V, Al Haj Zen A, Akoumianakis I, Goel A, Rashbrook VS, Trelfa L, Donovan L, Drydale E, Chuaiphichai S, Antoniades C, Watkins H, Kyriakou T, Tzima E, Channon KM. A key role for the novel coronary artery disease gene JCAD in atherosclerosis via shear stress mechanotransduction. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1863-1874. [PMID: 31584065 PMCID: PMC7449560 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have consistently identified an association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and a locus on chromosome 10 containing a single gene, JCAD (formerly KIAA1462). However, little is known about the mechanism by which JCAD could influence the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Vascular function was quantified in subjects with CAD by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and vasorelaxation responses in isolated blood vessel segments. The JCAD risk allele identified by GWAS was associated with reduced FMD and reduced endothelial-dependent relaxations. To study the impact of loss of Jcad on atherosclerosis, Jcad-/- mice were crossed to an ApoE-/- background and fed a high-fat diet from 6 to16 weeks of age. Loss of Jcad did not affect blood pressure or heart rate. However, Jcad-/-ApoE-/- mice developed significantly less atherosclerosis in the aortic root and the inner curvature of the aortic arch. En face analysis revealed a striking reduction in pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules at sites of disturbed flow on the endothelial cell layer of Jcad-/- mice. Loss of Jcad lead to a reduced recovery perfusion in response to hind limb ischaemia, a model of altered in vivo flow. Knock down of JCAD using siRNA in primary human aortic endothelial cells significantly reduced the response to acute onset of flow, as evidenced by reduced phosphorylation of NF-КB, eNOS, and Akt. CONCLUSION The novel CAD gene JCAD promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation via a role in the endothelial cell shear stress mechanotransduction pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/physiopathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Atherosclerosis/prevention & control
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology
- Coronary Circulation
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Humans
- Ischemia/genetics
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Male
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
- Stress, Mechanical
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Vedanta Mehta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ayman Al Haj Zen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Victoria S Rashbrook
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Lucy Trelfa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Lucy Donovan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Edward Drydale
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Surawee Chuaiphichai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ellie Tzima
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
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12
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Yao H, Zhao L, Li T, Li Y. Mechanosensitive JCAD: emerged as a promising target for atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:580-581. [PMID: 32329793 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Yao
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Lvying Zhao
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Tianping Li
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yungui Li
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
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13
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Goncharova IA, Nazarenko MS, Babushkina NP, Markov AV, Pecherina TB, Kashtalap VV, Tarasenko NV, Ponasenko AV, Barbarash OL, Puzyrev VP. Genetic Predisposition to Early Myocardial Infarction. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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14
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Wang X, Mo X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Shen Y. Identification of Phosphorylation Associated SNPs for Blood Pressure, Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke from Genome-wide Association Studies. Curr Mol Med 2019; 19:731-738. [PMID: 31456518 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190828151540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phosphorylation-related SNP (phosSNP) is a non-synonymous SNP that might influence protein phosphorylation status. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of phosSNPs on blood pressure (BP), coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS We examined the association of phosSNPs with BP, CAD and IS in shared data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and tested if the disease loci were enriched with phosSNPs. Furthermore, we performed quantitative trait locus analysis to find out if the identified phosSNPs have impacts on gene expression, protein and metabolite levels. RESULTS We found numerous phosSNPs for systolic BP (count=148), diastolic BP (count=206), CAD (count=20) and IS (count=4). The most significant phosSNPs for SBP, DBP, CAD and IS were rs1801131 in MTHFR, rs3184504 in SH2B3, rs35212307 in WDR12 and rs3184504 in SH2B3, respectively. Our analyses revealed that the associated SNPs identified by the original GWAS were significantly enriched with phosSNPs and many well-known genes predisposing to cardiovascular diseases contain significant phosSNPs. We found that BP, CAD and IS shared for phosSNPs in loci that contain functional genes involve in cardiovascular diseases, e.g., rs11556924 (ZC3HC1), rs1971819 (ICA1L), rs3184504 (SH2B3), rs3739998 (JCAD), rs903160 (SMG6). Four phosSNPs in ADAMTS7 were significantly associated with CAD, including the known functional SNP rs3825807. Moreover, the identified phosSNPs seemed to have the potential to affect transcription regulation and serum levels of numerous cardiovascular diseases-related proteins and metabolites. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that phosSNPs may play important roles in BP regulation and the pathological mechanisms of CAD and IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123
| | - Xingbo Mo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123
| | - Huan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123
| | - Yueping Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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15
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Li F, Shi J, Lu HS, Zhang H. Functional Genomics and CRISPR Applied to Cardiovascular Research and Medicine. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e188-e194. [PMID: 31433696 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- From the Cardiometabolic Genomics Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (F.L., J.S., H.Z.)
| | - Jianting Shi
- From the Cardiometabolic Genomics Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (F.L., J.S., H.Z.)
| | - Hong S Lu
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L.)
| | - Hanrui Zhang
- From the Cardiometabolic Genomics Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (F.L., J.S., H.Z.)
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16
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Lu HS, Schmidt AM, Hegele RA, Mackman N, Rader DJ, Weber C, Daugherty A. Reporting Sex and Sex Differences in Preclinical Studies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e171-e184. [PMID: 30354222 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong S Lu
- From the Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L., A.D.)
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (A.M.S.)
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (R.A.H.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine (D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.,Department of Genetics (D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Christian Weber
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (C.W.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W.)
| | - Alan Daugherty
- From the Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L., A.D.)
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17
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Xu S, Xu Y, Liu P, Zhang S, Liu H, Slavin S, Kumar S, Koroleva M, Luo J, Wu X, Rahman A, Pelisek J, Jo H, Si S, Miller CL, Jin ZG. The novel coronary artery disease risk gene JCAD/KIAA1462 promotes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2019; 40:2398-2408. [PMID: 31539914 PMCID: PMC6698662 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified that the JCAD locus is associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanisms whereby candidate gene JCAD confers disease risk remain unclear. We addressed whether and how JCAD affects the development of atherosclerosis, the common cause of CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS By mining data in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, we found that CAD-associated risk variants at the JCAD locus are linked to increased JCAD gene expression in human arteries, implicating JCAD as a candidate causal CAD gene. We therefore generated global and endothelial cell (EC) specific-JCAD knockout mice, and observed that JCAD deficiency attenuated high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. JCAD-deficiency in mice also improved endothelium-dependent relaxation. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of JCAD-depleted human coronary artery ECs showed that JCAD depletion inhibited the activation of YAP/TAZ pathway, and the expression of downstream pro-atherogenic genes, including CTGF and Cyr61. As a result, JCAD-deficient ECs attracted fewer monocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Moreover, JCAD expression in ECs was decreased under unidirectional laminar flow in vitro and in vivo. Proteomics studies suggest that JCAD regulates YAP/TAZ activation by interacting with actin-binding protein TRIOBP, thereby stabilizing stress fiber formation. Finally, we observed that endothelial JCAD expression was increased in mouse and human atherosclerotic plaques. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that the GWAS-identified CAD risk gene JCAD promotes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, thus highlighting the possibility of new therapeutic strategies for CAD by targeting JCAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yanni Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Shuya Zhang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Spencer Slavin
- Department of Pediatrics, Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marina Koroleva
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jinque Luo
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Arshad Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics, Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Germany
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shuyi Si
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Zheng Gen Jin
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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18
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Jones PD, Kaiser MA, Ghaderi Najafabadi M, Koplev S, Zhao Y, Douglas G, Kyriakou T, Andrews S, Rajmohan R, Watkins H, Channon KM, Ye S, Yang X, Björkegren JLM, Samani NJ, Webb TR. JCAD, a Gene at the 10p11 Coronary Artery Disease Locus, Regulates Hippo Signaling in Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:1711-1722. [PMID: 29794114 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective- A large number of genetic loci have been associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) through genome-wide association studies, however, for most loci the underlying biological mechanism is unknown. Determining the molecular pathways and cellular processes affected by these loci will provide new insights into CAD pathophysiology and may lead to new therapies. The CAD-associated variants at 10p11.23 fall in JCAD, which encodes an endothelial junction protein, however, its molecular function in endothelial cells is not known. In this study, we characterize the molecular role of JCAD (junctional cadherin 5 associated) in endothelial cells. Approach and Results- We show that JCAD knockdown in endothelial cells affects key phenotypes related to atherosclerosis including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, tube formation, and monocyte binding. We demonstrate that JCAD interacts with LATS2 (large tumor suppressor kinase 2) and negatively regulates Hippo signaling leading to increased activity of YAP (yes-associated protein), the transcriptional effector of the pathway. We also show by double siRNA knockdown that the phenotypes caused by JCAD knockdown require LATS2 and that JCAD is involved in transmission of RhoA-mediated signals into the Hippo pathway. In human tissues, we find that the CAD-associated lead variant, rs2487928, is associated with expression of JCAD in arteries, including atherosclerotic arteries. Gene co-expression analyses across disease-relevant tissues corroborate our phenotypic findings and support the link between JCAD and Hippo signaling. Conclusions- Our results show that JCAD negatively regulates Hippo signaling in endothelial cells and we suggest that JCAD contributes to atherosclerosis by mediating YAP activity and contributing to endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Jones
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A Kaiser
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Ghaderi Najafabadi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.K., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (Y.Z., X.Y.)
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence (G.D., T.K., H.W., K.M.C.)
| | - Theodosios Kyriakou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence (G.D., T.K., H.W., K.M.C.).,Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics (T.K.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Andrews
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rathinasabapathy Rajmohan
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence (G.D., T.K., H.W., K.M.C.)
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence (G.D., T.K., H.W., K.M.C.)
| | - Shu Ye
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (Y.Z., X.Y.)
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (S.K., J.L.M.B.).,Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, Sweden (J.L.M.B.).,Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia (J.LM.B.)
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Tom R Webb
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.).,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre (P.D.J., M.A.K., M.G.N., S.A., R.R., S.Y., N.J.S., T.R.W.), Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
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19
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Li Y, Wang S, Zhang D, Xu X, Yu B, Zhang Y. The association of functional polymorphisms in genes expressed in endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells with the myocardial infarction. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:5. [PMID: 30678728 PMCID: PMC6345039 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-018-0189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The association of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A), and KIAA1462 in myocardial infarction (MI) was investigated. The study included 401 Han Chinese MI patients and 409 controls. Three tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)—PECAM1 rs1867624, HIF1A rs2057482, and KIAA1462 rs3739998—were selected. SNP genotyping was performed by an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction assay. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies including 3314 cases and 2687 controls on the association of 5 HIF1A SNPs and the overall risk of MI or coronary artery disease (CAD) was performed. Results The rs1867624 variants were associated with high TG concentrations (p = 0.040) and the rs2057482 variants were associated with decreased HDL-C in MI patients compared with the control group (p = 0.003). Rs2057482 SNP interacted with age to influence TC levels. The SNP of rs3739998 interacted with sex and hypertension to modulate CRE and TG levels, respectively (p < 3.04E-5-0.002). No association between the three SNPs and susceptibility to MI was found (p > 0.05 for all). In the meta-analysis of HIF1A, the rs11549465 C > T and rs10873142 T > C polymorphisms, but not rs2057482, rs11549467, and rs41508050, were correlated with overall MI or CAD risk. Conclusions Taken together, this study provides additional evidence that genetic variation of the PECAM1 rs1867624 and HIF1A rs2057482 can mediate lipid levels in MI patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-018-0189-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Li
- Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Shipeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xueming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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20
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Franceschini N, Giambartolomei C, de Vries PS, Finan C, Bis JC, Huntley RP, Lovering RC, Tajuddin SM, Winkler TW, Graff M, Kavousi M, Dale C, Smith AV, Hofer E, van Leeuwen EM, Nolte IM, Lu L, Scholz M, Sargurupremraj M, Pitkänen N, Franzén O, Joshi PK, Noordam R, Marioni RE, Hwang SJ, Musani SK, Schminke U, Palmas W, Isaacs A, Correa A, Zonderman AB, Hofman A, Teumer A, Cox AJ, Uitterlinden AG, Wong A, Smit AJ, Newman AB, Britton A, Ruusalepp A, Sennblad B, Hedblad B, Pasaniuc B, Penninx BW, Langefeld CD, Wassel CL, Tzourio C, Fava C, Baldassarre D, O'Leary DH, Teupser D, Kuh D, Tremoli E, Mannarino E, Grossi E, Boerwinkle E, Schadt EE, Ingelsson E, Veglia F, Rivadeneira F, Beutner F, Chauhan G, Heiss G, Snieder H, Campbell H, Völzke H, Markus HS, Deary IJ, Jukema JW, de Graaf J, Price J, Pott J, Hopewell JC, Liang J, Thiery J, Engmann J, Gertow K, Rice K, Taylor KD, Dhana K, Kiemeney LALM, Lind L, Raffield LM, Launer LJ, Holdt LM, Dörr M, Dichgans M, Traylor M, Sitzer M, Kumari M, Kivimaki M, Nalls MA, Melander O, Raitakari O, Franco OH, Rueda-Ochoa OL, Roussos P, Whincup PH, Amouyel P, Giral P, Anugu P, Wong Q, Malik R, Rauramaa R, Burkhardt R, Hardy R, Schmidt R, de Mutsert R, Morris RW, Strawbridge RJ, Wannamethee SG, Hägg S, Shah S, McLachlan S, Trompet S, Seshadri S, Kurl S, Heckbert SR, Ring S, Harris TB, Lehtimäki T, Galesloot TE, Shah T, de Faire U, Plagnol V, Rosamond WD, Post W, Zhu X, Zhang X, Guo X, Saba Y, Dehghan A, Seldenrijk A, Morrison AC, Hamsten A, Psaty BM, van Duijn CM, Lawlor DA, Mook-Kanamori DO, Bowden DW, Schmidt H, Wilson JF, Wilson JG, Rotter JI, Wardlaw JM, Deanfield J, Halcox J, Lyytikäinen LP, Loeffler M, Evans MK, Debette S, Humphries SE, Völker U, Gudnason V, Hingorani AD, Björkegren JLM, Casas JP, O'Donnell CJ. GWAS and colocalization analyses implicate carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaque loci in cardiovascular outcomes. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5141. [PMID: 30510157 PMCID: PMC6277418 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery intima media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque are measures of subclinical atherosclerosis associated with ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD). Here, we undertake meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 71,128 individuals for cIMT, and 48,434 individuals for carotid plaque traits. We identify eight novel susceptibility loci for cIMT, one independent association at the previously-identified PINX1 locus, and one novel locus for carotid plaque. Colocalization analysis with nearby vascular expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTLs) derived from arterial wall and metabolic tissues obtained from patients with CHD identifies candidate genes at two potentially additional loci, ADAMTS9 and LOXL4. LD score regression reveals significant genetic correlations between cIMT and plaque traits, and both cIMT and plaque with CHD, any stroke subtype and ischemic stroke. Our study provides insights into genes and tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms linking atherosclerosis both to its functional genomic origins and its clinical consequences in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Claudia Giambartolomei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chris Finan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Rachael P Huntley
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Ruth C Lovering
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
| | - Misa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Dale
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, IS-201, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | | | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Lingyi Lu
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, , University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | - Muralidharan Sargurupremraj
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Niina Pitkänen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Oscar Franzén
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, 104 62, Sweden
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300, RC, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, NHLBI, NIH, Framingham, MA, 01702-5827, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Intramural Research Program, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702-5827, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Ulf Schminke
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229, The Netherlands
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Amanda J Cox
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 25157, USA
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andries J Smit
- Department of Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, and School of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Annie Britton
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, 104 62, Sweden
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Biomeedikum, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75108, Sweden
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Brenda W Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081, HL, The Netherlands
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | | | - Christophe Tzourio
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, SE-205 02, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, 20138, Italy
| | - Daniel H O'Leary
- St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02135, USA
| | - Daniel Teupser
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, 20138, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Elmo Mannarino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06123, Italy
| | - Enzo Grossi
- Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan, 20147, Italy
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, 104 62, Sweden
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94309, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, G1120, USA
| | | | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ganesh Chauhan
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Hugh S Markus
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300, RC, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline de Graaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, GA, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Price
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Janne Pott
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, , University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | - Jemma C Hopewell
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04109, Germany
| | - Jorgen Engmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Karl Gertow
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lambertus A L M Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, GA, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 05, Sweden
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lesca M Holdt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, 80539, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Matthew Traylor
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Matthias Sitzer
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, 60323, Germany
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, Essex University, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, 20812, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Oscar L Rueda-Ochoa
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Electrocardiography Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, 680003, Colombia
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Inserm U1167, F-59000, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, F-59000, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE & Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, U1167, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Giral
- Sorbonne Université, Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Pramod Anugu
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Quenna Wong
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Rainer Malik
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04109, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands
| | - Richard W Morris
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0XH, UK
| | - S Goya Wannamethee
- Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Sonia Shah
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Stela McLachlan
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300, RC, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300, RC, The Netherlands
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Sudhir Kurl
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, FI-70210, Finland
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Susan Ring
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Tessel E Galesloot
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, GA, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Tina Shah
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, S-171 77, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, S-171 77, Sweden
| | - Vincent Plagnol
- Genetics Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Wayne D Rosamond
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Wendy Post
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Intramural Research Program, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702-5827, USA
- Section of Biomedical Genetics, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Adrie Seldenrijk
- GGZ inGeest and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Human Genomics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - James F Wilson
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, and UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - John Deanfield
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Julian Halcox
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33014, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, , University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Steve E Humphries
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, IS-201, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, 104 62, Sweden.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translation Medicine, University of Tartu, Biomeedikum, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Huddinge, SE-141 57, Sweden.
| | - Juan P Casas
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Intramural Administration Management Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Cardiology Section, Boston Veteran's Administration Healthcare, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Gupta RM. Hippo Pathway Looms Large for the Function of the JCAD (Junctional Protein Associated With Coronary Artery Disease) on Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2546-2547. [PMID: 30354250 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajat M Gupta
- From the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (R.M.G.).,Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA (R.M.G.)
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Progression of calcific aortic valve sclerosis in WHHLMI rabbits. Atherosclerosis 2018; 273:8-14. [PMID: 29654986 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease and can be life-threatening. The pathogenesis of aortic valve calcification remains largely unknown, primarily due to the lack of an adequate animal model. The high-cholesterol diet-induced AS model in rabbits is one of the established models, but it has the significant limitation of liver dysfunction leading to low survival rates. We hypothesized that a myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbit, an animal model of familial hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, is a useful animal model of AS. METHODS WHHLMI rabbits, aged 20 months and 30 months (n = 19), and control Japanese White rabbits (n = 4), aged 30 months, were used and evaluated by echocardiography under anesthesia. Pathological evaluation and quantitative analyses by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were also performed. RESULTS The lipid profile was similar between 20 months and 30 months. Two rabbits died due to spontaneous myocardial infarction during the study. Thirty-month-old WHHLMI rabbits exhibited significantly smaller aortic valve area (0.22 ± 0.006 cm2vs. 0.12 ± 0.01 cm2, p < 0.05) and higher maximal transvalvular pressure gradient (7.0 ± 0.32 vs. 9.9 ± 0.95 mmHg, p < 0.05) than 20 month-old rabbits. Macroscopic examination of excised aortic valves demonstrated thickened and degenerated valve leaflets at 30 months. Histological evaluation confirmed thickened leaflets with calcified nodules at 30 months. Real-time PCR of resected aortic valve also showed increased expression level of calcification-related molecules including osteopontin, Sox9, Bmp2, RANKL, osteoprotegerin, and Runx2 (p < 0.05 each) in 30-month-old rabbits. CONCLUSIONS WHHLMI rabbits may be useful models of early-stage AS in vivo.
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