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Chaher N, Lacerda S, Digilio G, Padovan S, Gao L, Lavin B, Stefania R, Velasco C, Cruz G, Prieto C, Botnar RM, Phinikaridou A. Non-invasive in vivo imaging of changes in Collagen III turnover in myocardial fibrosis. NPJ IMAGING 2024; 2:33. [PMID: 39301014 PMCID: PMC11408249 DOI: 10.1038/s44303-024-00037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) affects 64 million people globally with enormous societal and healthcare costs. Myocardial fibrosis, characterised by changes in collagen content drives HF. Despite evidence that collagen type III (COL3) content changes during myocardial fibrosis, in vivo imaging of COL3 has not been achieved. Here, we discovered the first imaging probe that binds to COL3 with high affinity and specificity, by screening candidate peptide-based probes. Characterisation of the probe showed favourable magnetic and biodistribution properties. The probe's potential for in vivo molecular cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was evaluated in a murine model of myocardial infarction. Using the new probe, we were able to map and quantify, previously undetectable, spatiotemporal changes in COL3 after myocardial infarction and monitor response to treatment. This innovative probe provides a promising tool to non-invasively study the unexplored roles of COL3 in cardiac fibrosis and other cardiovascular conditions marked by changes in COL3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Chaher
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
| | - Sara Lacerda
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Université d'Orléans rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Giuseppe Digilio
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Sergio Padovan
- Institute for Biostructures and Bioimages (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Torino, Italy
| | - Ling Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
| | - Begoña Lavin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Carlos Velasco
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
| | - Gastão Cruz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- King's BHF Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, London, UK
- Instituto de Ingeniería Biológica y Médica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alkystis Phinikaridou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE17EH UK
- King's BHF Centre of Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, London, UK
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2
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Lin J, Chen X, Li Y, Yu L, Chen Y, Zhang B. A dual-targeting therapeutic nanobubble for imaging-guided atherosclerosis treatment. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101037. [PMID: 38586870 PMCID: PMC10995877 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease that seriously endangers human health. Low shear stress (LSS) is recognized as a vital factor in causing chronic inflammatory and further inducing the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Targeting imaging and treatment are of substantial significance for the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis. On this ground, a kind of ultrasound (US) imaging-guided therapeutic polymer nanobubbles (NBs) with dual targeting of magnetism and antibody was rationally designed and constructed for the efficiently treating LSS-mediated atherosclerosis. Under the combined targeting effect of an external magnetic field and antibodies, the drug-loaded therapeutic NBs can be effectively accumulated in the inflammatory area caused by LSS. Upon US irradiation, the NBs can be selectively disrupted, leading to the rapid release of the loaded drugs at the targeted site. Notably, the US irradiation generates a cavitation effect that induces repairable micro gaps in nearby cells, thereby enhancing the uptake of released drugs and further improving the therapeutic effect. The prominent US imaging, efficient anti-inflammatory effect and treatment outcome of LSS-mediated atherosclerosis had been verified in vivo on a surgically constructed LSS-atherosclerosis animal model. This work showcased the potential of the designed NBs with multifunctionality for in vivo imaging, dual-targeting, and drug delivery in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Luodan Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai, 200051, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
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3
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Liu Y, Tang X, Yuan H, Gao R. Naringin Inhibits Macrophage Foam Cell Formation by Regulating Lipid Homeostasis and Metabolic Phenotype. Nutrients 2024; 16:1321. [PMID: 38732567 PMCID: PMC11085135 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalances in lipid uptake and efflux and inflammation are major contributors to foam cell formation, which is considered a therapeutic target to protect against atherosclerosis. Naringin, a citrus flavonoid abundant in citrus fruits, has been reported to exert an antiatherogenic function, but its pharmacological mechanism is unclear. Naringin treatment effectively inhibits foam cell formation in THP-1 and RAW264.7 macrophages. In this study, mechanically, naringin maintained lipid homeostasis within macrophages through downregulation of the key genes for lipid uptake (MSR1 and CD36) and the upregulation of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-B1, which are responsible for cholesterol efflux. Meanwhile, naringin significantly decreased the cholesterol synthesis-related genes and increased the genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Subsequently, the results showed that ox-LDL-induced macrophage inflammatory responses were inhibited by naringin by reducing the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and increasing the anti- inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which was further verified by the downregulation of pro-inflammatory and chemokine-related genes. Additionally, we found that naringin reprogrammed the metabolic phenotypes of macrophages by suppressing glycolysis and promoting lipid oxidation metabolism to restore macrophage phenotypes and functions. These results suggest that naringin is a potential drug for the treatment of AS as it inhibits macrophage foam cell formation by regulating metabolic phenotypes and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaohan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hailong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
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4
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Bawamia B, Spray L, Wangsaputra VK, Bennaceur K, Vahabi S, Stellos K, Kharatikoopaei E, Ogundimu E, Gale CP, Keavney B, Maier R, Hancock H, Richardson G, Austin D, Spyridopoulos I. Activation of telomerase by TA-65 enhances immunity and reduces inflammation post myocardial infarction. GeroScience 2023; 45:2689-2705. [PMID: 37086366 PMCID: PMC10122201 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00794-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) accelerates immune ageing characterised by lymphopenia, expansion of terminally differentiated CD8+ T-lymphocytes (CD8+ TEMRA) and inflammation. Pre-clinical data showed that TA-65, an oral telomerase activator, reduced immune ageing and inflammation after MI. We conducted a double blinded randomised controlled pilot trial evaluating the use of TA-65 to reduce immune cell ageing in patients following MI. Ninety MI patients aged over 65 years were randomised to either TA-65 (16 mg daily) or placebo for 12 months. Peripheral blood leucocytes were analysed by flow cytometry. The pre-defined primary endpoint was the proportion of CD8+ T-lymphocytes which were CD8+ TEMRA after 12 months. Secondary outcomes included high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. Median age of participants was 71 years. Proportions of CD8+ TEMRA did not differ after 12 months between treatment groups. There was a significant increase in mean total lymphocyte count in the TA-65 group after 12 months (estimated treatment effect: + 285 cells/μl (95% CI: 117-452 cells/ μ l, p < 0.004), driven by significant increases from baseline in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. No increase in lymphocyte populations was seen in the placebo group. At 12 months, hsCRP was 62% lower in the TA-65 group compared to placebo (1.1 vs. 2.9 mg/L). Patients in the TA-65 arm experienced significantly fewer adverse events (130 vs. 185, p = 0.002). TA-65 did not alter CD8+ TEMRA but increased all major lymphocyte subsets and reduced hsCRP in elderly patients with MI after 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Bawamia
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Luke Spray
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, International Centre for Life, Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne, Central Parkway, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Vincent K Wangsaputra
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, International Centre for Life, Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne, Central Parkway, NE1 3BZ, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Karim Bennaceur
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, International Centre for Life, Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne, Central Parkway, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Sharareh Vahabi
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Manheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Chris P Gale
- Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Bernard Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Heart Institute, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca Maier
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen Hancock
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gavin Richardson
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Austin
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, International Centre for Life, Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne, Central Parkway, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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5
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Loh SX, Ekinci Y, Spray L, Jeyalan V, Olin T, Richardson G, Austin D, Alkhalil M, Spyridopoulos I. Fractalkine Signalling (CX 3CL1/CX 3CR1 Axis) as an Emerging Target in Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4821. [PMID: 37510939 PMCID: PMC10381654 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common and dramatic complication of atherosclerosis, which, despite successful reperfusion therapy, can lead to incident heart failure (HF). HF occurs when the healing process is impaired due to adverse left ventricular remodelling, and can be the result of so-called ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), visualised by the development of intramyocardial haemorrhage (IMH) or microvascular obstruction (MVO) in cardiac MRI. Thus far, translation of novel pharmacological strategies from preclinical studies to target either IRI or HF post MI have been largely unsuccessful. Anti-inflammatory therapies also carry the risk of affecting the immune system. Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a unique chemokine, present as a transmembrane protein on the endothelium, or following cleavage as a soluble ligand, attracting leukocyte subsets expressing the corresponding receptor CX3CR1. We have shown previously that the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 is associated with MVO in patients undergoing primary PCI. Moreover, inhibition of CX3CR1 with an allosteric small molecule antagonist (KAND567) in the rat MI model reduces acute infarct size, inflammation, and IMH. Here we review the cellular biology of fractalkine and its receptor, along with ongoing studies that introduce CX3CR1 as a future target in coronary artery disease, specifically in patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xian Loh
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Yasemin Ekinci
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| | - Luke Spray
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| | - Visvesh Jeyalan
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK;
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Thomas Olin
- Kancera AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, 171 65 Solna, Sweden;
| | - Gavin Richardson
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - David Austin
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK;
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Mohammad Alkhalil
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
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6
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Zhou X, Tang Y, Cao T, Ning L, Li Y, Xie X, Hu Y, He B, Peng B, Liu S. Treponema pallidum lipoprotein Tp0768 promotes the migration and adhesion of THP-1 cells to vascular endothelial cells through stress of the endoplasmic reticulum and the NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway. Mol Microbiol 2023; 119:86-100. [PMID: 36480422 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury is a key factor in the spread of infection and pathogenicity of Treponema pallidum. The migration and adhesion reaction mediated by T. pallidum lipoprotein plays an important role. This study aimed to systematically explore the migration and adhesion effect of T. pallidum lipoprotein Tp0768 and its molecular mechanism. Stimulating vascular endothelial cells with Tp0768 increased the expression of ICAM-1, MCP-1, and IL-8. Moreover, it promoted the migration and adhesion of THP-1 cells to vascular endothelial cells. Our results revealed that Tp0768 promoted the THP-1 cells migrating and adhering to vascular endothelial cells by the PERK and IRE-1α pathways of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We further demonstrated that the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and the downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) reduced the mRNA levels of ICAM-1, MCP-1, and IL-8 induced by Tp0768. Also, the adhesion rate of THP-1 cells to endothelial cells decreased. After inhibiting ER stress, NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation was weakened, and the mRNA level of HIF-1α was also significantly downregulated. Our results indicated that T. pallidum lipoprotein Tp0768 promoted the migration and adhesion of THP-1 cells to vascular endothelial cells through ER stress and NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangping Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yun Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ting Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lichang Ning
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yibao Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bisha He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Binfeng Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuangquan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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7
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Zhang ZZ, Yu XH, Tan WH. Baicalein inhibits macrophage lipid accumulation and inflammatory response by activating the PPARγ/LXRα pathway. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 209:316-325. [PMID: 35749304 PMCID: PMC9521661 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid accumulation and inflammatory response are two major risk factors for atherosclerosis. Baicalein, a phenolic flavonoid widely used in East Asian countries, possesses a potential atheroprotective activity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study was performed to explore the impact of baicalein on lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Our results showed that baicalein up-regulated the expression of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), ABCG1, liver X receptor α (LXRα), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), promoted cholesterol efflux, and inhibited lipid accumulation. Administration of baicalein also reduced the expression and secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Knockdown of LXRα or PPARγ with siRNAs abrogated the effects of baicalein on ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression, cholesterol efflux, lipid accumulation as well as pro-inflammatory cytokine release. In summary, these findings suggest that baicalein exerts a beneficial effect on macrophage lipid accumulation and inflammatory response by activating the PPARγ/LXRα signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Zhen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wei-Hua Tan
- Correspondence: Wei-Hua Tan, Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001 Hunan, China.
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8
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He Y, Chen Y, Yao L, Wang J, Sha X, Wang Y. The Inflamm-Aging Model Identifies Key Risk Factors in Atherosclerosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:865827. [PMID: 35706446 PMCID: PMC9191626 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.865827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis, one of the main threats to human life and health, is driven by abnormal inflammation (i.e., chronic inflammation or oxidative stress) during accelerated aging. Many studies have shown that inflamm-aging exerts a significant impact on the occurrence of atherosclerosis, particularly by inducing an immune homeostasis imbalance. However, the potential mechanism by which inflamm-aging induces atherosclerosis needs to be studied more thoroughly, and there is currently a lack of powerful prediction models.Methods: First, an improved inflamm-aging prediction model was constructed by integrating aging, inflammation, and disease markers with the help of machine learning methods; then, inflamm-aging scores were calculated. In addition, the causal relationship between aging and disease was identified using Mendelian randomization. A series of risk factors were also identified by causal analysis, sensitivity analysis, and network analysis.Results: Our results revealed an accelerated inflamm-aging pattern in atherosclerosis and suggested a causal relationship between inflamm-aging and atherosclerosis. Mechanisms involving inflammation, nutritional balance, vascular homeostasis, and oxidative stress were found to be driving factors of atherosclerosis in the context of inflamm-aging.Conclusion: In summary, we developed a model integrating crucial risk factors in inflamm-aging and atherosclerosis. Our computation pipeline could be used to explore potential mechanisms of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lilin Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianzheng Sha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yin Wang,
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9
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de Juan A, Lavin Plaza B. Isolation and Culturing of Primary Mouse and Human Macrophages. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2419:113-124. [PMID: 35237961 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are mature immune cells involved in the defense of the organism. Since their discovery, the main function attributed to macrophages has been phagocytosis. However, in recent years, several new functions such as angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, clearance of apoptotic cells, pro- and anti-inflammatory properties and tumor growth have been attributed to macrophages. To perform such varied functions, macrophages acquire specific phenotypes in response to external signals. The possibility of replicating these phenotypes in vitro represents a cutting-edge tool to understand potential macrophage functions in vivo. This chapter outlines protocols used to isolate and culture murine bone marrow-derived and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Furthermore, macrophage polarization processes into different phenotypes, with special relevance to atherosclerosis, are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba de Juan
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932, Paris, France
| | - Begoña Lavin Plaza
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences,, King's College London, London, UK. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Ni K, Zhu J, Xu X, Liu Y, Yang S, Huang Y, Xu R, Jiang L, Zhang J, Zhang W, Ma Z. Hippocampal Activated Microglia May Contribute to Blood–Brain Barrier Impairment and Cognitive Dysfunction in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-Like Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:975-982. [PMID: 35167061 PMCID: PMC8852956 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-associated cognitive dysfunction significantly disturbs patients’ quality of life and will to live. However, its underlying mechanism is as yet unknown. Recent researches indicate that blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is responsible for early cognitive dysfunction. Microglia might participate in remodeling of BBB-associated tight junction and regulating BBB integrity. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether microglia activation and BBB injury involve in PTSD-associated cognitive dysfunction. Hence, we established an animal model of PTSD, single prolonged stress (SPS), and investigated permeability changes in the hippocampus and further explored the effects of microglia on BBB remodeling. The Y maze was used to assess the changes of cognitive function. The sodium fluorescein (NaFlu) assay and western blotting analysis were employed to detect BBB integrity changes. Minocycline was administered to inhibit microglial activation. Immunofluorescence stains were used to assess the activation states in microglia. The results showed that SPS-exposed rats exhibited poorer cognitive performance, higher passage of NaFlu, and lower expression of tight junction proteins (occludin and claudin 5) in the hippocampus on the day after SPS, but no difference on the 7th day. Inhibition of microglial activation by minocycline attenuated poor cognitive performance and BBB impairment including the extravasation of NaFlu and protein levels of the tight junction. Taken together, the present study indicates that BBB impairment may underlie the shared pathological basis of PTSD and cognitive dysfunction. Microglial activation may involve in BBB remodeling at the early stage of SPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jixiang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yulin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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11
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Target and non-target vessel related events at 10 years post percutaneous coronary intervention. Clin Res Cardiol 2022; 111:787-794. [PMID: 35147767 PMCID: PMC9242894 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-01986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aims To define the incidence of events related to the stented vessel (target vessel related events: TVRE) and events related to non-stented vessels (non-target vessel related events: NTVRE) through to 10-year follow-up in patients post-PCI with newer generation drug eluting stents (DES). Methods and results The current study is a post-hoc analysis of patient level data from two randomised controlled trials in Germany. Patients older than 18 years with ischemic symptoms or evidence of myocardial ischemia in the presence of ≥ 50% de novo stenosis located in the native coronary vessels were considered eligible. The endpoints of interest were TVRE (a composite of first target vessel myocardial infarction or target vessel revascularization) and NTVRE (a composite of first non-target vessel MI or non-target vessel revascularization) through to 10 years post PCI. We included 4953 patients in this analysis. Through to 10-years post-PCI, TVRE occurred in 1238 of 4953 patients (cumulative incidence: 25.8%) and NTVRE occurred in 1442 of 4953 patients (cumulative incidence: 30.3%). The majority of TVRE and NTVRE were revascularization events. From 0 to 1 years, the cumulative incidence of TVRE was 15.9% and of NTVRE was 12.3%. From 1 to 10 years, the cumulative incidences of TVRE and NTVRE were 11.2% and 22.4%, respectively. Conclusion At 10-year post-PCI with new generation drug eluting stents, events related to remote vessel disease progression account for a higher proportion of events than events related to the stented vessel. Trial registration ISAR TEST 4 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00598676. ISAR TEST 5 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00598533. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00392-022-01986-4.
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12
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Wang X, Liang Z, Xiang H, Li Y, Chen S, Lu H. LKB1 Regulates Vascular Macrophage Functions in Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:810224. [PMID: 34975507 PMCID: PMC8714937 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.810224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is known to shape the regulation of macrophage function by participating in multiple processes including cell metabolism, growth, and polarization. However, whether LKB1 also affects the functional plasticity of macrophages in atherosclerosis has not attracted much attention. Abnormal macrophage function is a pathophysiological hallmark of atherosclerosis, characterized by the formation of foam cells and the maintenance of vascular inflammation. Mounting evidence supports that LKB1 plays a vital role in the regulation of macrophage function in atherosclerosis, including affecting lipid metabolism reprogramming, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in macrophages. Thus, decreased expression of LKB1 in atherosclerosis aggravates vascular injury by inducing excessive lipid deposition in macrophages and the formation of foam cells. To systematically understand the role and potential mechanism of LKB1 in regulating macrophage functions in atherosclerosis, this review summarizes the relevant data in this regard, hoping to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziwei Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yueyang people’s Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Correspondence: Hongwei Lu, ; Shuhua Chen,
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Correspondence: Hongwei Lu, ; Shuhua Chen,
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13
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Santos GSP, Costa AC, Picoli CC, Rocha BGS, Sulaiman SO, Radicchi DC, Pinto MCX, Batista ML, Amorim JH, Azevedo VAC, Resende RR, Câmara NOS, Mintz A, Birbrair A. Sympathetic nerve-adipocyte interactions in response to acute stress. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 100:151-165. [PMID: 34735579 PMCID: PMC8567732 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress predisposes our body to several disorders. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the physiological responses to psychological stress is essential for the success of therapeutic applications. New studies show, by using in vivo inducible Cre/loxP-mediated approaches in combination with pharmacological blockage, that sympathetic nerves, activated by psychological stress, induce brown adipocytes to produce IL-6. Strikingly, this cytokine promotes gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes, that results in the decline of tolerance to inflammatory organ damage. The comprehension arising from this research will be crucial for the handling of many inflammatory diseases. Here, we review recent advances in our comprehension of the sympathetic nerve-adipocyte axis in the tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabryella S P Santos
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alinne C Costa
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Caroline C Picoli
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Beatriz G S Rocha
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sheu O Sulaiman
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Debora C Radicchi
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro C X Pinto
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Miguel L Batista
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Jaime H Amorim
- Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Western Bahia, BA, Barreiras, Brazil
| | - Vasco A C Azevedo
- Cellular and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Arya P, Nabi S, Bhandari U. Modulatory role of atorvastatin against high-fat diet and zymosan-induced activation of TLR2/NF-ƙB signaling pathway in C57BL/6 mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1023-1032. [PMID: 34804419 PMCID: PMC8591763 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.55460.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulated evidence provides a strong connection between the immune system and vascular inflammation. The innate immune system's main sensors are toll-like receptors (TLRs). Zymosan (Zym), a fungal product, induces an inflammatory response via activating TLR2 of the immune system. Atorvastatin, a potent statin, possesses pleiotropic effects including immunomodulatory, lipid-lowering, and anti-inflammatory. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the protective role of atorvastatin against a high-fat diet (HFD) and Zym-induced vascular inflammation in C57BL/6 mice via modulation of TLR2/NF-ƙB signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS In silico study was conducted to confirm the binding affinity of atorvastatin against TLR2. Under in vivo study, mice were divided into four groups: Normal control: normal standard chow-diet fed for 30 days + Zym vehicle (sterile PBS, 5 mg/ml on 8th day); HFD (30 days) + Zym (80 mg/kg, IP, on 8th day); HFD/Zym + atorvastatin vehicle (0.5% CMC, p.o., from 10th to 30th day); HFD/Zym + atorvastatin (3.6 mg/kg, p.o., from 10th to 30th day). RESULTS Atorvastatin treatment along with HFD and Zym inhibited vascular inflammation by suppressing the levels of aortic TLR2, cardiac NF-ƙB and decrease in serum TNF-α and IL-6. Further, there was an increase in hepatic LDLR levels, resulting in a decrease in serum LDL-C and an increase in HDL-C levels. Histopathological examination of the aorta showed a reduction in plaque accumulation with the atorvastatin-treated group as compared with HFD and Zym-treated group. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin attenuates vascular inflammation mediated by HFD and Zym through suppression of TLR2, NF-ƙB, TNF-α, IL-6, and upregulation of LDLR levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (UGC approved deemed to be University, Govt. of India), New Delhi- 110062, India
| | - Sayima Nabi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (UGC approved deemed to be University, Govt. of India), New Delhi- 110062, India
| | - Uma Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard (UGC approved deemed to be University, Govt. of India), New Delhi- 110062, India
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15
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Godo S, Suda A, Takahashi J, Yasuda S, Shimokawa H. Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1625-1637. [PMID: 33761763 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Godo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.G., A.S., J.T., S.Y., H.S.)
| | - Akira Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.G., A.S., J.T., S.Y., H.S.)
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.G., A.S., J.T., S.Y., H.S.)
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.G., A.S., J.T., S.Y., H.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan (H.S.)
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