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Zheng PF, Liu F, Zheng ZF, Pan HW, Liu ZY. Identification MNS1, FRZB, OGN, LUM, SERP1NA3 and FCN3 as the potential immune-related key genes involved in ischaemic cardiomyopathy by random forest and nomogram. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1475-1495. [PMID: 36863704 PMCID: PMC10042686 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The immune molecular mechanisms involved in ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) have not been fully elucidated. The current study aimed to elucidate the immune cell infiltration pattern of the ICM and identify key immune-related genes that participate in the pathologic process of the ICM. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from two datasets (GSE42955 combined with GSE57338) and the top 8 key DEGs related to ICM were screened using random forest and used to construct the nomogram model. Moreover, the "CIBERSORT" software package was used to determine the proportion of infiltrating immune cells in the ICM. A total of 39 DEGs (18 upregulated and 21 downregulated) were identified in the current study. Four upregulated DEGs, including MNS1, FRZB, OGN, and LUM, and four downregulated DEGs, SERP1NA3, RNASE2, FCN3 and SLCO4A1, were identified by the random forest model. The nomogram constructed based on the above 8 key genes suggested a diagnostic value of up to 99% to distinguish the ICM from healthy participants. Meanwhile, most of the key DEGs presented prominent interactions with immune cell infiltrates. The RT-qPCR results suggested that the expression levels of MNS1, FRZB, OGN, LUM, SERP1NA3 and FCN3 between the ICM and control groups were consistent with the bioinformatic analysis results. These results suggested that immune cell infiltration plays a critical role in the occurrence and progression of ICM. Several key immune-related genes, including the MNS1, FRZB, OGN, LUM, SERP1NA3 and FCN3 genes, are expected to be reliable serum markers for the diagnosis of ICM and potential molecular targets for ICM immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zheng
- Cardiology Department, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Heart Failure in Hunan Province, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao-Fen Zheng
- Cardiology Department, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Heart Failure in Hunan Province, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Wei Pan
- Cardiology Department, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Heart Failure in Hunan Province, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Liu
- Cardiology Department, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Heart Failure in Hunan Province, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Furong, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
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Wang J, Dong X, Wu HY, Bu WH, Cong R, Wang X, Shang LX, Jiang W. Relationship of Placental and Serum Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Levels with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:797-804. [PMID: 35747524 PMCID: PMC9211801 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s361859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A series of studies has shown that lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is closely associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial cell injury, but its role in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) remains unclear. This study aims to determine the relationship between placental and serum LP-PLA2 levels and HDP, and to provide a feasible method for predicting HDP. Methods The placental and serum Lp-PLA2 levels of 63 patients with HDP (20, 25, and 18 cases with gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, and severe preeclampsia, respectively) and 20 women with normal pregnancies (control group) were measured via a combination of tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results 1) The gene and protein expression levels of placental LP-PLA2: the HDP group had significantly higher levels than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The mild preeclampsia group had significantly higher levels than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the severe preeclampsia group had significantly higher levels than those of the mild preeclampsia group (P < 0.05). 2) Serum levels of Lp-PLA2: the HDP group had significantly higher levels than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The Lp-PLA2 levels increased gradually with the progression of the HDP; there were significant differences in the four groups using pair-wise comparisons (P < 0.05). 3) Serum levels of LP-PLA2 were positively correlated with placental LP-PLA2 levels in the HDP group (r = 0.435, P < 0.05). Conclusion Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels may be associated with the occurrence of HDP, and changes of Lp-PLA2 levels in the maternal blood may be regarded as a monitoring indicator for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hua Bu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Cong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xin Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Siddiqui MK, Smith G, St Jean P, Dawed AY, Bell S, Soto-Pedre E, Kennedy G, Carr F, Wallentin L, White H, Macphee CH, Waterworth D, Palmer CNA. Diabetes status modifies the long-term effect of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 on major coronary events. Diabetologia 2022; 65:101-112. [PMID: 34562103 PMCID: PMC8660745 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity has an independent prognostic association with major coronary events (MCE). However, no study has investigated whether type 2 diabetes status modifies the effect of Lp-PLA2 activity or inhibition on the risk of MCE. We investigate the interaction between diabetes status and Lp-PLA2 activity with risk of MCE. Subsequently, we test the resulting hypothesis that diabetes status will play a role in modifying the efficacy of an Lp-PLA2 inhibitor. METHODS A retrospective cohort study design was utilised in two study populations. Discovery analyses were performed in the Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside Scotland (GoDARTS) cohort based in Scotland, UK. Participants were categorised by type 2 diabetes control status: poorly controlled (HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol or ≥6.5%) and well-controlled (HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol or <6.5%) diabetes (n = 7420). In a secondary analysis of the Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy (STABILITY) trial of Lp-PLA2 inhibitor (darapladib) efficacy, 15,828 participants were stratified post hoc by type 2 diabetes diagnosis status (diabetes or no diabetes) at time of recruitment. Lp-PLA2 activity was then divided into population-specific quartiles. MCE were determined from linked medical records in GoDARTS and trial records in STABILITY. First, the interaction between diabetes control status and Lp-PLA2 activity on the outcome of MCE was explored in GoDARTS. The effect was replicated in the placebo arm of STABILITY. The effect of Lp-PLA2 on MCE was then examined in models stratified by diabetes status. This helped determine participants at higher risk. Finally, the effect of Lp-PLA2 inhibition was assessed in STABILITY in the higher risk group. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders were used to assess associations. RESULTS In GoDARTS, a significant interaction between increased Lp-PLA2 activity (continuous and quartile divided) and diabetes control status was observed in the prediction of MCE (p < 0.0001). These effects were replicated in the placebo arm of STABILITY (p < 0.0001). In GoDARTS, stratified analyses showed that, among individuals with poorly controlled diabetes, the hazards of MCE for those with high (Q4) Lp-PLA2 activity was 1.19 compared with individuals with lower (Q1-3) Lp-PLA2 activity (95% CI 1.11, 1.38; p < 0.0001) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.16, 1.57; p < 0.0001) when compared with those with the lowest activity (Q1). Those in the higher risk group were identified as individuals with the highest Lp-PLA2 activity (Q4) and poorly controlled diabetes or diabetes. Based on these observations in untreated populations, we hypothesised that the Lp-PLA2 inhibitor would have more benefit in this higher risk group. In this risk group, Lp-PLA2 inhibitor use was associated with a 33% reduction in MCE compared with placebo (HR 0.67 [95% CI 0.50, 0.90]; p = 0.008). In contrast, Lp-PLA2 inhibitor showed no efficacy in individuals with low activity, regardless of diabetes status, or among those with no baseline diabetes and high Lp-PLA2 activity. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results support the hypothesis that diabetes status modifies the association between Lp-PLA2 activity and MCE. These results suggest that cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with Lp-PLA2 activity is especially important in patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly those with worse glycaemic control. Further investigation of the effects of Lp-PLA2 inhibition in diabetes appears warranted. DATA AVAILABILITY STABILITY trial data are available from clinicaltrials.gov repository through the GlaxoSmithKline clinical study register https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00799903 . GoDARTS datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available following request to the GoDARTS Access Managements Group https://godarts.org/scientific-community/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Moneeza K Siddiqui
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Gillian Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Adem Y Dawed
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Samira Bell
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Enrique Soto-Pedre
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gwen Kennedy
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Fiona Carr
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Harvey White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Colin H Macphee
- Novel Human Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Dawn Waterworth
- Department of Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Lv SL, Zeng ZF, Gan WQ, Wang WQ, Li TG, Hou YF, Yan Z, Zhang RX, Yang M. Lp-PLA2 inhibition prevents Ang II-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis by blocking macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:2016-2032. [PMID: 34226664 PMCID: PMC8632984 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-mediated inflammation plays an important role in hypertensive cardiac remodeling, whereas effective pharmacological treatments targeting cardiac inflammation remain unclear. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) contributes to vascular inflammation-related diseases by mediating macrophage migration and activation. Darapladib, the most advanced Lp-PLA2 inhibitor, has been evaluated in phase III trials in atherosclerosis patients. However, the role of darapladib in inhibiting hypertensive cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. Using a murine angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion-induced hypertension model, we found that Pla2g7 (the gene of Lp-PLA2) was the only upregulated PLA2 gene detected in hypertensive cardiac tissue, and it was primarily localized in heart-infiltrating macrophages. As expected, darapladib significantly prevented Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis, ventricular hypertrophy, and cardiac dysfunction, with potent abatement of macrophage infiltration and inflammatory response. RNA sequencing revealed that darapladib strongly downregulated the expression of genes and signaling pathways related to inflammation, extracellular matrix, and proliferation. Moreover, darapladib substantially reduced the Ang II infusion-induced expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin (IL)-1β and markedly attenuated caspase-1 activation in cardiac tissues. Furthermore, darapladib ameliorated Ang II-stimulated macrophage migration and IL-1β secretion in macrophages by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Darapladib also effectively blocked macrophage-mediated transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. Overall, our study identifies a novel anti-inflammatory and anti-cardiac fibrosis role of darapladib in Lp-PLA2 inhibition, elucidating the protective effects of suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Lp-PLA2 inhibition by darapladib represents a novel therapeutic strategy for hypertensive cardiac damage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Lin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zi-Fan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wei-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tie-Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yu-Fang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ri-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Huang CK, Dai D, Xie H, Zhu Z, Hu J, Su M, Liu M, Lu L, Shen W, Ning G, Wang J, Zhang R, Yan X. Lgr4 Governs a Pro-Inflammatory Program in Macrophages to Antagonize Post-Infarction Cardiac Repair. Circ Res 2020; 127:953-973. [PMID: 32600176 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Macrophages are critically involved in wound healing following myocardial infarction (MI). Lgr4, a member of LGR (leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor) family, is emerging as a regulator of macrophage-associated immune responses. However, the contribution of Lgr4 to macrophage phenotype and function in the context of MI remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of macrophage Lgr4 in MI and to dissect the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS During early inflammatory phase of MI, infarct macrophages rather than neutrophils expressed high level of Lgr4. Macrophage-specific Lgr4 knockout mice had no baseline cardiovascular defects but manifested improved heart function, modestly reduced infarct size, decreased early mortality due to cardiac rupture, and ameliorated adverse remodeling after MI. Improved outcomes in macrophage-specific Lgr4 knockout mice subjected to MI were associated with mitigated ischemic injury and optimal infarct healing, as determined by reduction of cardiac apoptosis in the peri-infarct zone, attenuation of local myocardial inflammatory response, decrease of matrix metalloproteinase expression in the infarct, enhancement of angiogenesis, myofibroblast proliferation, and collagen I deposition in reparative granulation tissue as well as formation of collagen-rich scar. More importantly, macrophage-specific Lgr4 knockout infarcts had reduced numbers of infiltrating leukocytes and inflammatory macrophages but harbored abundant reparative macrophage subsets. Lgr4-null infarct macrophages exhibited a less inflammatory transcriptional signature. These findings were further supported by transcriptomic profiling data showing repression of multiple pathways and broad-spectrum genes associated with proinflammatory responses in macrophage-specific Lgr4 knockout infarcts. Notably, we discovered that Lgr4-mediated functional phenotype programing in infarct macrophages was at least partly attributed to regulation of AP (activator protein)-1 activity. We further demonstrated that the synergistic effects of Lgr4 on AP-1 activation in inflammatory macrophages occurred via enhancing CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein)-mediated c-Fos, Fosl1, and Fosb transactivation. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data highlight the significance of Lgr4 in governing proinflammatory phenotype of infarct macrophages and postinfarction repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Huang
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Daopeng Dai
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hongyang Xie
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengbin Zhu
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jian Hu
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Min Su
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, PR China (M.S.)
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, PR China (M.L.)
| | - Lin Lu
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weifeng Shen
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (G.N., J.W.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (G.N., J.W.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Yan
- From the Department of Cardiology (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (C.-K.H., D.D., H.X., Z.Z., J.H., L.L., W.S., R.Z., X.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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Mourouzis K, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamadris S, Vogiatzi G, Antonopoulos A, Fountoulakis P, Goliopoulou A, Papaioannou S, Tousoulis D. Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4624-4647. [PMID: 32282296 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200413082353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decades, the role of inflammation and immune system activation in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to present the interplay between cytokines and their actions preceding and shortly after ACS. METHODS We searched in a systemic manner the most relevant articles to the topic of inflammation, cytokines, vulnerable plaque and myocardial infarction in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and EMBASE databases. RESULTS Different classes of cytokines (intereleukin [IL]-1 family, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) family, chemokines, adipokines, interferons) are implicated in the entire process leading to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, and consequently, to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Especially IL-1 and TNF-α family are involved in inflammatory cell accumulation, vulnerable plaque formation, platelet aggregation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and adverse remodeling following the myocardial infarction. Several cytokines such as IL-6, adiponectin, interferon-γ, appear with significant prognostic value in ACS patients. Thus, research interest focuses on the modulation of inflammation in ACS to improve clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Understanding the unique characteristics that accompany each cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction could illuminate the signaling pathways involved in plaque destabilization and indicate future treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular prognosis in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiris Tsalamadris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Fountoulakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Goliopoulou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Papaioannou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Xu C, Yu F, Mao S, Shi Y, Li Q, Fang S, Tan Y, Gu W, Ye L. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 predicted cardiovascular disease in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Respir Med 2020; 163:105881. [PMID: 32056835 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). As a new inflammatory biomarker of CVD, rare attention has been paid to the roles of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase (Lp-PLA2) in OSAS studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between Lp-PLA2 and concomitant CVD in OSAS patients. METHODS In this prospective study, 152 OSAS patients were further divided into mild, moderate, and severe OSAS subgroups. They presented heart failure, coronary artery disease, or arrhythmia were confirmed with CVD. Thirty-one subjects without OSAS were recruited for the control group. The relationship between Lp-PLA2 and concomitant CVD in OSAS patients was analyzed. RESULTS Serum Lp-PLA2 values were significantly higher in the severe and moderate OSAS group compared with mild OSAS and OSAS negative groups (P = 0.025). Significant increase was noticed in serum Lp-PLA2 levels in CVD patients compared with those without in severe-moderate-mild OSAS (P < 0.05). In logistic regression analysis, the level of Lp-PLA2 was proved as a significant independent predictor for CVD (OR = 1.117, P = 0.008). The ROC analysis indicated that the best cut-off value of Lp-PLA2 for predicting CVD in OSAS patients was 238.09 ng/ml. The positive and negative predictive values were 72.5% and 70.5%, respectively. The sensitivity was 46.8% and the specificity was 87.8%. CONCLUSIONS Lp-PLA2 might be associated with the severity of OSAS and the occurrence of CVD in OSAS patients. Lp-PLA2 is expected to be a promising biomarker candidate in predicting CVD in patients with OSAS due to test convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Fenfang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Shan Mao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Surong Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Liang Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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8
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Xu JY, Xiong YY, Lu XT, Yang YJ. Regulation of Type 2 Immunity in Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2019; 10:62. [PMID: 30761134 PMCID: PMC6362944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 immunity participates in the pathogeneses of helminth infection and allergic diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the components of type 2 immunity are also involved in maintaining metabolic hemostasis and facilitating the healing process after tissue injury. Numerous preclinical studies have suggested regulation of type 2 immunity-related cytokines, such as interleukin-4, -13, and -33, and cell types, such as M2 macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils, affects cardiac functions after myocardial infarction (MI), providing new insights into the importance of immune modulation in the infarcted heart. This review provides an overview of the functions of these cytokines and cells in the setting of MI as well as their potential to predict the severity and prognosis of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Lu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Meyer IS, Jungmann A, Dieterich C, Zhang M, Lasitschka F, Werkmeister S, Haas J, Müller OJ, Boutros M, Nahrendorf M, Katus HA, Hardt SE, Leuschner F. The cardiac microenvironment uses non-canonical WNT signaling to activate monocytes after myocardial infarction. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1279-1293. [PMID: 28774883 PMCID: PMC5582413 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201707565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A disturbed inflammatory response following myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with poor prognosis and increased tissue damage. Monocytes are key players in healing after MI, but little is known about the role of the cardiac niche in monocyte activation. This study investigated microenvironment‐dependent changes in inflammatory monocytes after MI. RNA sequencing analysis of murine Ly6Chigh monocytes on day 3 after MI revealed differential regulation depending on location. Notably, the local environment strongly impacted components of the WNT signaling cascade. Analysis of WNT modulators revealed a strong upregulation of WNT Inhibitory Factor 1 (WIF1) in cardiomyocytes—but not fibroblasts or endothelial cells—upon hypoxia. Compared to wild‐type (WT) littermates, WIF1 knockout mice showed severe adverse remodeling marked by increased scar size and reduced ejection fraction 4 weeks after MI. While FACS analysis on day 1 after MI revealed no differences in neutrophil numbers, the hearts of WIF1 knockouts contained significantly more inflammatory monocytes than hearts from WT animals. Next, we induced AAV‐mediated cardiomyocyte‐specific WIF1 overexpression, which attenuated the monocyte response and improved cardiac function after MI, as compared to control‐AAV‐treated animals. Finally, WIF1 overexpression in isolated cardiomyocytes limited the activation of non‐canonical WNT signaling and led to reduced IL‐1β and IL‐6 expression in monocytes/macrophages. Taken together, we investigated the cardiac microenvironment's interaction with recruited monocytes after MI and identified a novel mechanism of monocyte activation. The local initiation of non‐canonical WNT signaling shifts the accumulating myeloid cells toward a pro‐inflammatory state and impacts healing after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Sören Meyer
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susann Werkmeister
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Haas
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan E Hardt
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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Nairz M, Theurl I, Swirski FK, Weiss G. "Pumping iron"-how macrophages handle iron at the systemic, microenvironmental, and cellular levels. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:397-418. [PMID: 28251312 PMCID: PMC5362662 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages reside in virtually every organ. First arising during embryogenesis, macrophages replenish themselves in the adult through a combination of self-renewal and influx of bone marrow-derived monocytes. As large phagocytic cells, macrophages participate in innate immunity while contributing to tissue-specific homeostatic functions. Among the key metabolic tasks are senescent red blood cell recycling, free heme detoxification, and provision of iron for de novo hemoglobin synthesis. While this systemic mechanism involves the shuttling of iron between spleen, liver, and bone marrow through the concerted function of defined macrophage populations, similar circuits appear to exist within the microenvironment of other organs. The high turnover of iron is the prerequisite for continuous erythropoiesis and tissue integrity but challenges macrophages’ ability to maintain cellular iron homeostasis and immune function. This review provides a brief overview of systemic, microenvironmental, and cellular aspects of macrophage iron handling with a focus on exciting and unresolved questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. .,Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Igor Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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