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He X, Williams QA, Cantrell AC, Besanson J, Zeng H, Chen JX. TIGAR Deficiency Blunts Angiotensin-II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2433. [PMID: 38397106 PMCID: PMC10889085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the key contributor to pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Growing evidence indicates that glucose metabolism plays an essential role in cardiac hypertrophy. TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) has been shown to regulate glucose metabolism in pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling. In the present study, we investigated the role of TIGAR in cardiac remodeling during Angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced hypertension. Wild-type (WT) and TIGAR knockout (KO) mice were infused with Angiotensin-II (Ang-II, 1 µg/kg/min) via mini-pump for four weeks. The blood pressure was similar between the WT and TIGAR KO mice. The Ang-II infusion resulted in a similar reduction of systolic function in both groups, as evidenced by the comparable decrease in LV ejection fraction and fractional shortening. The Ang-II infusion also increased the isovolumic relaxation time and myocardial performance index to the same extent in WT and TIGAR KO mice, suggesting the development of similar diastolic dysfunction. However, the knockout of TIGAR significantly attenuated hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy. This was associated with higher levels of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, PFK-1, and Glut-4 in the TIGAR KO mice. Our present study suggests that TIGAR is involved in the control of glucose metabolism and glucose transporters by Ang-II and that knockout of TIGAR attenuates the development of maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (X.H.); (Q.A.W.); (A.C.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Jian-Xiong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (X.H.); (Q.A.W.); (A.C.C.); (J.B.)
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2
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Huang Y, Zhang K, Wang X, Guo K, Li X, Chen F, Du R, Li S, Li L, Yang Z, Zhuo D, Wang B, Wang W, Hu Y, Jiang M, Fan G. Multi-omics approach for identification of molecular alterations of QiShenYiQi dripping pills in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 315:116673. [PMID: 37268257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine theory believes that qi deficiency and blood stasis are the key pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). As a representative prescription for replenishing qi and activating blood, QiShenYiQi dripping pills (QSYQ) has been used for treating heart diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanism of QSYQ in improving HFpEF is not well understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of the study is to investigate the cardioprotective effect and mechanism of QSYQ in HFpEF using the phenotypic dataset of HFpEF. MATERIALS AND METHODS HFpEF mouse models established by feeding mice combined high-fat diet and Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester drinking water were treated with QSYQ. To reveal causal genes, we performed a multi-omics study, including integrative analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data. Moreover, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based PKG inhibition confirmed that QSYQ mediated myocardial remodeling through PKG. RESULTS Computational systems pharmacological analysis based on human transcriptome data for HFpEF showed that QSYQ could potentially treat HFpEF through multiple signaling pathways. Subsequently, integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome showed alterations in gene expression in HFpEF. QSYQ regulated genes involved in inflammation, energy metabolism, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, confirming its function in the pathogenesis of HFpEF. Metabolomics analysis revealed fatty acid metabolism as the main mechanism by which QSYQ regulates HFpEF myocardial energy metabolism. Importantly, we found that the myocardial protective effect of QSYQ on HFpEF mice was attenuated after RNA interference-mediated knock-down of myocardial PKG. CONCLUSION This study provides mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of HFpEF and molecular mechanisms of QSYQ in HFpEF. We also identified the regulatory role of PKG in myocardial stiffness, making it an ideal therapeutic target for myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Kaimin Guo
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Feng Chen
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Ruijiao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Sheng Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Danping Zhuo
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bingkai Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Guanwei Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Gao ZW, Zhang X, Zhuo QY, Chen MX, Yang C, Chen ZJ, Chen Y, Liao YQ, Wang LL. Metabolomics and integrated network pharmacology analysis reveal attenuates cardiac hypertrophic mechanisms of HuoXin pill. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115150. [PMID: 35304274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is maladaptive and contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure. Huoxin pill (HXP), a Chinese herbal prescription, is widely applied in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CAD). Its mechanism, however, is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the mechanism of action for Huoxin pill in the treatment of CH, an important stage of CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 rats were injected with isoprenaline (ISO) to establish a model of CH. Echocardiography and histopathologic evaluation were performed to evaluate the disease severity, whereas ELISAs were conducted to determine the expression of oxidative stress. Network pharmacology and metabolomic analyses were conducted to identify the key compounds, core targets and pathways that mediate the effects of HXP against CH. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to test apoptosis protein levels. RESULTS HXP administration in ISO-treated rats decreased hypertrophy indices, alleviated cardiac pathological damage, and downregulated oxidative stress levels when compared to those of rats subjected to ISO treatment only. Moreover, network pharmacology results suggested that the PI3K-Akt pathway is a main mechanism by which HXP inhibits cardiac hypertrophy, and experimental verification showed that HXP inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis via activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway. The results of metabolomic analysis identified 21 differential metabolites between the HXPH group and ISO group, which were considered to be metabolic biomarkers of HXP in the treatment of CH. Among them, 6 differential metabolites were significantly upregulated, and 15 were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSIONS The present study presents an integrated strategy for investigating the mechanisms of HXP in the treatment of CH and sheds new light on the application of HXP as a traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Wang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Qing-Yuan Zhuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Mei-Xian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Chong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Zhao-Jie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yi-Qiu Liao
- Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Key Laboratory of Key Technology Research on Chemical Raw Materials and Preparations of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Ling-Li Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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He X, Cantrell AC, Williams QA, Chen J, Zeng H. TIGAR deficiency sensitizes angiotensin-II-induced renal fibrosis and glomerular injury. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15234. [PMID: 35441828 PMCID: PMC9020173 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang-II) is one of the major contributors to the progression of renal fibrosis, inflammation, glomerular injury, and chronic kidney disease. Emerging evidence suggests that renal glycolysis plays an important role in renal fibrosis and injury. TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) has been shown to regulate glycolysis. In the present study, we investigated the role of TIGAR in renal glycolysis, fibrosis, and glomerular injury during Ang-II-induced hypertension. Wild-type (WT) and TIGAR knockout (KO) mice were infused with Ang-II (1 µg/kg/min) via mini-pumps for 4 weeks. The mean arterial pressure was similar between the WT and TIGAR KO mice, associated with a comparable increase in plasma creatinine level. Ang-II infusion resulted in a significant increase in renal interstitial fibrosis and more mesangial expansion and collapsed glomerular structure in the TIGAR KO mice. These were associated with elevated expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha, glycolytic enzymes, and transforming growth factor beta 1 in the TIGAR KO mice after Ang-II infusion when compared to that of the WT mice. The coupled-enzyme method revealed that PFK-1 activity was similarly increased in WT and TIGAR KO mice after Ang-II infusion. Our present study suggests that TIGAR is involved in Ang-II-induced renal fibrosis and glomerular injury, although it has little effect on blood pressure and renal function. Knockout of TIGAR sensitizes Ang-II-induced renal fibrosis and injury. This study provides new insights into the role of TIGAR in renal metabolism and pathological remodeling during Ang-II-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen He
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterSchool of MedicineJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Aubrey C. Cantrell
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterSchool of MedicineJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Quinesha A. Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterSchool of MedicineJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Jian‐Xiong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterSchool of MedicineJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterSchool of MedicineJacksonMississippiUSA
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Müller J, Bertsch T, Volke J, Schmid A, Klingbeil R, Metodiev Y, Karaca B, Kim SH, Lindner S, Schupp T, Kittel M, Poschet G, Akin I, Behnes M. Narrative review of metabolomics in cardiovascular disease. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:2532-2550. [PMID: 34012599 PMCID: PMC8107570 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are accompanied by disorders in the cardiac metabolism. Furthermore, comorbidities often associated with cardiovascular disease can alter systemic and myocardial metabolism contributing to worsening of cardiac performance and health status. Biomarkers such as natriuretic peptides or troponins already support diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases and are represented in international guidelines. However, as cardiovascular diseases affect various pathophysiological pathways, a single biomarker approach cannot be regarded as ideal to reveal optimal clinical application. Emerging metabolomics technology allows the measurement of hundreds of metabolites in biological fluids or biopsies and thus to characterize each patient by its own metabolic fingerprint, improving our understanding of complex diseases, significantly altering the management of cardiovascular diseases and possibly personalizing medicine. This review outlines current knowledge, perspectives as well as limitations of metabolomics for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, an ongoing research project tackling current inconsistencies as well as clinical applications of metabolomics will be discussed. Taken together, the application of metabolomics will enable us to gain more insights into pathophysiological interactions of metabolites and disease states as well as improving therapies of patients with cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Müller
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Bertsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Nuremburg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Justus Volke
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmid
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rebecca Klingbeil
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yulian Metodiev
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bican Karaca
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Schupp
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kittel
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Behnes
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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6
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Tang W, Chen M, Guo X, Zhou K, Wen Z, Liu F, Liu X, Mao X, He X, Hu W, Sun X, Tang J, Li H, White RA, Lv W, Wang P, Hang B, Sun R, Wang X, Xia Y. Multiple 'omics'-analysis reveals the role of prostaglandin E2 in Hirschsprung's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:390-398. [PMID: 33465467 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) remain largely unknown. We examined colon tissues from three independent populations with a combined analysis of metabolomics, transcriptomics and proteomics to understand HSCR pathogenesis, according to which mouse model was used to examine prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced clinical presentation of HSCR. SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE(2) cell lines were studied for PGE2 inhibited cell migration through EP2. Our integrated multiple 'omics'-analysis suggests that the levels of PGE2, the expression of the gene encoding PGE2 receptor (EP2), and PGE2 synthesis enzyme genes (PTGS1 and PTGES) increased in HSCR colon tissues, together with a decreased synthesis of PGE2-related byproducts. In vivo, the pregnant mice treated with PGE2 gave birth to offspring with the decrease of ganglion cells in their colon and gut function. In in vitro study, when EP2 was blocked, the PGE2-inhibited cell migration was recovered. Our study identified a novel pathway highlighting the link between expression of PTGS1 and PTGES, levels of PGE2, expression of PTGER2, and neural crest cell migration in HSCR, providing a novel strategy for future diagnosis and prevention of HSCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zechao Wen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fengli Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Xiaohua Mao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaowei He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Junwei Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Richard Allen White
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, United States
| | - Wei Lv
- School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Bo Hang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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7
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Li C, Wen R, Liu DW, Liu Q, Yan LP, Wu JX, Guo YJ, Li SY, Gong QF, Yu H. Diuretic Effect and Metabolomics Analysis of Crude and Salt-Processed Plantaginis Semen. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:563157. [PMID: 33390941 PMCID: PMC7774519 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.563157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plantaginis Semen (PS) is well recognized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and health products. Crude PS (CPS) and salt-processed CPS (SPS) are the two most commonly used decoction pieces of PS, and are included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Although they all have multiple effects, the mechanisms for treating diseases are different and remain unclear, the processing mechanism of SPS is also indeterminate, which hinders their clinical application to a certain extent. In order to solve these problems and further develop PS in the clinical application. Here, we used saline-loaded model rats for experiments, and utilized an integrated approach consisting of pharmacological methods and metabolomics, which could assess the diuretic impact of CPS and SPS ethanol extracts on saline-loaded rats and elucidate the underlying mechanism. The results showed that CPS and SPS both produced increased urine volume excretion and urine electrolyte excretion, but the levels of aldosterone (ALD) and aquaporin 2 (AQP2) were decreased. And 30 differential metabolites such as linoleic acid, lysoPC(O-18:0), sphingosine-1-phosphate, lysoPC(18:0) were found, mainly involving three metabolic pathways. In conclusion, CPS and SPS both have a diuretic effect, and that of SPS is better. This work investigated the possible diuretic mechanisms of CPS and SPS which may also be the mechanism of PS for anti-hypertension. In addition, a holistic approach provided novel and helpful insights into the underlying processing mechanisms of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Rou Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - De Wen Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, CA, United States
| | - Li Ping Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Xiong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Jing Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Su Yun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Feng Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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8
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Cheng CF, Ku HC, Shen TC. The potential of using itaconate as treatment for inflammation-related heart diseases. Tzu Chi Med J 2021; 34:113-118. [PMID: 35465278 PMCID: PMC9020236 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_83_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular metabolites can cause critical changes in biological functions. Itaconate is perhaps the most fascinating substance in macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide can activate aconitate decarboxylase 1 and induces the generation of itaconate from the tricarboxylic acid cycle by decarboxylation of cis-aconitate. It has been reported that itaconate has beneficial effects on inflammation and oxidation. The mechanisms involved in these effects include the suppression of succinate dehydrogenase, the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 by alkylation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, suppression of aerobic glycolysis through regulation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, and suppression of IκBζ translation through activating transcription factor 3 activation. All of these findings elucidated the possible therapeutic implications of itaconate in inflammation-related diseases. In this review, we highlight that itaconate is a crucial molecule of the immunomodulatory response in macrophages and can regulate between immune response and cardiovascular metabolism. Furthermore, these discoveries suggest that itaconate is a very novel therapeutic molecule for the treatment of inflammation-related heart diseases.
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9
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Liu T, Wen H, Li H, Xu H, Xiao N, Liu R, Chen L, Sun Y, Song L, Bai C, Ge J, Zhang Y, Chen J. Oleic Acid Attenuates Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Cardiac Remodeling by Inhibiting FGF23 (Fibroblast Growth Factor 23) Expression in Mice. Hypertension 2020; 75:680-692. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasma metabolic profiles were compared between patients with hypertension with and without left ventricular hypertrophy and significantly decreased oleic acid (OA) levels were observed in the peripheral blood of patients with hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy. We sought to determine the effect and underlying mechanisms of OA on cardiac remodeling. In vitro studies with isolated neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts revealed that OA significantly attenuated Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced cardiomyocyte growth and cardiac fibroblast collagen expression. In vivo, cardiac function, hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes, and fibrosis were analyzed after an Ang II (1000 ng/kg/minute) pump was implanted for 14 days. We found that OA could significantly prevent Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling in mice. RNA sequencing served as a gene expression roadmap highlighting gene expression changes in the hearts of Ang II-induced mice and OA-treated mice. The results revealed that FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) expression was significantly upregulated in mouse hearts in response to Ang II infusion, which was significantly suppressed in the hearts of OA-treated mice. Furthermore, overexpression of FGF23 in the heart by injection of an AAV-9 vector aggravated Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling and impaired the protective effect of OA on cardiac remodeling. Further study found that OA could suppress Ang II-induced FGF23 expression by inhibiting the translocation of Nurr1 (nuclear receptor–related 1 protein) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Our findings suggest a novel role of OA in preventing Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling via suppression of FGF23 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | - Hongyan Wen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | - Hao Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | | | - Ning Xiao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | | | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (L.C.)
| | - Yingying Sun
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | - Li Song
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | - Congxia Bai
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | - Jing Ge
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
| | - Yinhui Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (T.L., H.W., H.L., N.X., Y.S., L.S., C.B., J.G., Y.Z.)
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10
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Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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11
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Sanz AB, Ramos AM, Soler MJ, Sanchez-Niño MD, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Perez-Gomez MV, Ortega MR, Alvarez-Llamas G, Ortiz A. Advances in understanding the role of angiotensin-regulated proteins in kidney diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 16:77-92. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1545577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Sanz
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian Mario Ramos
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Soler
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Marta Ruiz Ortega
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Alvarez-Llamas
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Kwon HK, Jeong H, Hwang D, Park ZY. Comparative proteomic analysis of mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy, with selection of biomarkers of pathological hypertrophy by integrative Proteogenomics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:S1570-9639(18)30118-3. [PMID: 30048702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To determine fundamental characteristics of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, protein expression profiles in two widely accepted models of cardiac hypertrophy (swimming-trained mouse for physiological hypertrophy and pressure-overload-induced mouse for pathological hypertrophy) were compared using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. Among 3955 proteins (19,235 peptides, false-discovery rate < 0.01) identified in these models, 486 were differentially expressed with a log2 fold difference ≥ 0.58, or were detected in only one hypertrophy model (each protein from 4 technical replicates, p < .05). Analysis of gene ontology biological processes and KEGG pathways identified cellular processes enriched in one or both hypertrophy models. Processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were compared with processes previously identified in cardiac-hypertrophy models. Individual proteins with differential expression in processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were further confirmed using the results of previous targeted functional analysis studies. Using a proteogenomic approach combining transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, similar patterns of differential expression were observed for 23 proteins and corresponding genes associated with pathological hypertrophy. A total of 11 proteins were selected as early-stage pathological-hypertrophy biomarker candidates, and the results of western blotting for five of these proteins in independent samples confirmed the patterns of differential expression in mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyeong Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Jeong
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Amin AM, Sheau Chin L, Azri Mohamed Noor D, SK Abdul Kader MA, Kah Hay Y, Ibrahim B. The Personalization of Clopidogrel Antiplatelet Therapy: The Role of Integrative Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacometabolomics. Cardiol Res Pract 2017; 2017:8062796. [PMID: 28421156 PMCID: PMC5379098 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8062796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy of aspirin and clopidogrel is pivotal for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the variable platelets reactivity response to clopidogrel may lead to outcome failure and recurrence of cardiovascular events. Although many genetic and nongenetic factors are known, great portion of clopidogrel variable platelets reactivity remain unexplained which challenges the personalization of clopidogrel therapy. Current methods for clopidogrel personalization include CYP2C19 genotyping, pharmacokinetics, and platelets function testing. However, these methods lack precise prediction of clopidogrel outcome, often leading to insufficient prediction. Pharmacometabolomics which is an approach to identify novel biomarkers of drug response or toxicity in biofluids has been investigated to predict drug response. The advantage of pharmacometabolomics is that it does not only predict the response but also provide extensive information on the metabolic pathways implicated with the response. Integrating pharmacogenetics with pharmacometabolomics can give insight on unknown genetic and nongenetic factors associated with the response. This review aimed to review the literature on factors associated with the variable platelets reactivity response to clopidogrel, as well as appraising current methods for the personalization of clopidogrel therapy. We also aimed to review the literature on using pharmacometabolomics approach to predict drug response, as well as discussing the plausibility of using it to predict clopidogrel outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa M. Amin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Lim Sheau Chin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Yuen Kah Hay
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Baharudin Ibrahim
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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14
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Willis MS, Ilaiwy A, Montgomery MD, Simpson PC, Jensen BC. The alpha-1A adrenergic receptor agonist A61603 reduces cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acid and endocannabinoid metabolites associated with inflammation in vivo. Metabolomics 2016; 12:155. [PMID: 28533737 PMCID: PMC5437747 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-1097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) with three highly homologous subtypes (α1A, α1B, and α1D). Of these three subtypes, only the α1A and α1B are expressed in the heart. Multiple pre-clinical models of heart injury demonstrate cardioprotective roles for the α1A. Non-selective α1-AR activation promotes glycolysis in the heart, but the functional α1-AR subtype and broader metabolic effects have not been studied. OBJECTIVES Given the high metabolic demands of the heart and previous evidence indicating benefit from α1A activation, we chose to investigate the effects of α1A activation on the cardiac metabolome in vivo. METHODS Mice were treated for one week with a low, subpressor dose of A61603, a highly selective and potent α1A agonist. Cardiac tissue and serum were analyzed using a non-targeted metabolomics approach. RESULTS We identified previously unrecognized metabolic responses to α1A activation, most notably broad reduction in the abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and endocannabinoids (ECs). CONCLUSION Given the well characterized roles of PUFAs and ECs in inflammatory pathways, these findings suggest a possible role for cardiac α1A-ARs in the regulation of inflammation and may offer novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective benefit of selective pharmacologic α1A activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monte S. Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Amro Ilaiwy
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Paul C. Simpson
- VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian C. Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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15
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Banerjee R, Bultman SJ, Holley D, Hillhouse C, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Muehlbauer MJ, Willis MS. Non-targeted metabolomics of Brg1/Brm double-mutant cardiomyocytes reveals a novel role for SWI/SNF complexes in metabolic homeostasis. Metabolomics 2015; 11:1287-1301. [PMID: 26392817 PMCID: PMC4574504 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-015-0786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes utilize either BRG1 or Brm as alternative catalytic subunits to alter the position of nucleosomes and regulate gene expression. Genetic studies have demonstrated that SWI/SNF complexes are required during cardiac development and also protect against cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, Brm constitutive null mutants do not exhibit a cardiomyocyte phenotype and inducible Brg1 conditional mutations in cardiomyocyte do not demonstrate differences until stressed with transverse aortic constriction, where they exhibit a reduction in cardiac hypertrophy. We recently demonstrated the overlapping functions of Brm and Brg1 in vascular endothelial cells and sought here to test if this overlapping function occurred in cardiomyocytes. Brg1/Brm double mutants died within 21 days of severe cardiac dysfunction associated with glycogen accumulation and mitochondrial defects based on histological and ultrastructural analyses. To determine the underlying defects, we performed nontargeted metabolomics analysis of cardiac tissue by GC/MS from a line of Brg1/Brm double-mutant mice, which lack both Brg1 and Brm in cardiomyocytes in an inducible manner, and two groups of controls. Metabolites contributing most significantly to the differences between Brg1/Brm double-mutant and control-group hearts were then determined using the variable importance in projection analysis. Increased cardiac linoleic acid and oleic acid suggest alterations in fatty acid utilization or intake are perturbed in Brg1/Brm double mutants. Conversely, decreased glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, and myoinositol suggest that glycolysis and glycogen formation are impaired. These novel metabolomics findings provide insight into SWI/SNF-regulated metabolic pathways and will guide mechanistic studies evaluating the role of SWI/SNF complexes in homeostasis and cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Banerjee
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Scott J. Bultman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Darcy Holley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carolyn Hillhouse
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James R. Bain
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christopher B. Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael J. Muehlbauer
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Monte S. Willis
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Yan CH, Li Y, Tian XX, Zhu N, Song HX, Zhang J, Sun MY, Han YL. CREG1 ameliorates myocardial fibrosis associated with autophagy activation and Rab7 expression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:353-64. [PMID: 25774384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In cardiomyocytes subjected to stress, autophagy activation is a critical survival mechanism that preserves cellular energy status while degrading damaged proteins and organelles. However, little is known about the mechanisms that govern this autophagic response. Cellular repressor of E1A genes (CREG1) is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal protein, and an important new factor in regulating tissues homeostasis that has been shown to antagonize injury of tissues or cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role of CREG1 in cardiac autophagy, and to clarify autophagy activation mechanisms. First, we generated a CREG1 haploinsufficiency (Creg1(+/-)) mouse model, and identified that CREG1 deficiency aggravates myocardial fibrosis in response to aging or angiotensin II (Ang II). Conversely, exogenous infusion of recombinant CREG1 protein complete reversed cardiac damage. CERG1 deficiency in Creg1(+/-) mouse heart showed a market accumulation of autophagosome that acquired LC3II and beclin-1, and a decrease in autophagic flux clearance as indicated by upregulating the level of p62. Inversely, restoration of CREG1 activates cardiac autophagy, Furthermore, chloroquine, an inhibitor of lysosomal acidification, was used to confirm that CREG1 protected the heart tissue against Ang II-induced fibrosis by activating autophagy. Using adenoviral infection of primary cardiomyocytes, overexpression of CREG1 with concurrent resveratrol treatment significantly increased autophagy, while silencing CREG1 blocked the resveratrol-induced autophagy. These results suggest that CREG1-induced autophagy is required to maintain heart function in the face of stress-induced myocardiac damage. Both in vitro and in vivo studies identified that CREG1 deficiency influenced the maturation of lysosomes and reduced the espression of Rab7, which might be involved in CREG1-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy. These findings suggest that autophagy activation via CREG1 may be a viable therapeutic strategy autophagy for improving cardiac performance under pathologic conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Potential of metabolomics in preclinical and clinical drug development. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:956-63. [PMID: 25443721 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an upcoming technology system which involves detailed experimental analysis of metabolic profiles. Due to its diverse applications in preclinical and clinical research, it became an useful tool for the drug discovery and drug development process. This review covers the brief outline about the instrumentation and interpretation of metabolic profiles. The applications of metabolomics have a considerable scope in the pharmaceutical industry, almost at each step from drug discovery to clinical development. These include finding drug target, potential safety and efficacy biomarkers and mechanisms of drug action, the validation of preclinical experimental models against human disease profiles, and the discovery of clinical safety and efficacy biomarkers. As we all know, nowadays the drug discovery and development process is a very expensive, and risky business. Failures at any stage of drug discovery and development process cost millions of dollars to the companies. Some of these failures or the associated risks could be prevented or minimized if there were better ways of drug screening, drug toxicity profiling and monitoring adverse drug reactions. Metabolomics potentially offers an effective route to address all the issues associated with the drug discovery and development.
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Effects of hypertension and exercise on cardiac proteome remodelling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:634132. [PMID: 24877123 PMCID: PMC4022191 DOI: 10.1155/2014/634132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricle hypertrophy is a common outcome of pressure overload stimulus closely associated with hypertension. This process is triggered by adverse molecular signalling, gene expression, and proteome alteration. Proteomic research has revealed that several molecular targets are associated with pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, including angiotensin II, endothelin-1 and isoproterenol. Several metabolic, contractile, and stress-related proteins are shown to be altered in cardiac hypertrophy derived by hypertension. On the other hand, exercise is a nonpharmacologic agent used for hypertension treatment, where cardiac hypertrophy induced by exercise training is characterized by improvement in cardiac function and resistance against ischemic insult. Despite the scarcity of proteomic research performed with exercise, healthy and pathologic heart proteomes are shown to be modulated in a completely different way. Hence, the altered proteome induced by exercise is mostly associated with cardioprotective aspects such as contractile and metabolic improvement and physiologic cardiac hypertrophy. The present review, therefore, describes relevant studies involving the molecular characteristics and alterations from hypertensive-induced and exercise-induced hypertrophy, as well as the main proteomic research performed in this field. Furthermore, proteomic research into the effect of hypertension on other target-demerged organs is examined.
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Sansbury BE, DeMartino AM, Xie Z, Brooks AC, Brainard RE, Watson LJ, DeFilippis AP, Cummins TD, Harbeson MA, Brittian KR, Prabhu SD, Bhatnagar A, Jones SP, Hill BG. Metabolomic analysis of pressure-overloaded and infarcted mouse hearts. Circ Heart Fail 2014; 7:634-42. [PMID: 24762972 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are associated with metabolic dysregulation and a state of chronic energy deficiency. Although several disparate changes in individual metabolic pathways have been described, there has been no global assessment of metabolomic changes in hypertrophic and failing hearts in vivo. Hence, we investigated the impact of pressure overload and infarction on myocardial metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction or permanent coronary occlusion (myocardial infarction [MI]). A combination of LC/MS/MS and GC/MS techniques was used to measure 288 metabolites in these hearts. Both transverse aortic constriction and MI were associated with profound changes in myocardial metabolism affecting up to 40% of all metabolites measured. Prominent changes in branched-chain amino acids were observed after 1 week of transverse aortic constriction and 5 days after MI. Changes in branched-chain amino acids after MI were associated with myocardial insulin resistance. Longer duration of transverse aortic constriction and MI led to a decrease in purines, acylcarnitines, fatty acids, and several lysolipid and sphingolipid species but a marked increase in pyrimidines as well as ascorbate, heme, and other indices of oxidative stress. Cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction in hypertrophied hearts were associated with large increases in myocardial, but not plasma, levels of the polyamines putrescine and spermidine as well as the collagen breakdown product prolylhydroxyproline. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal extensive metabolic remodeling common to both hypertrophic and failing hearts that are indicative of extracellular matrix remodeling, insulin resistance and perturbations in amino acid, and lipid and nucleotide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Sansbury
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Angelica M DeMartino
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Zhengzhi Xie
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Alan C Brooks
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Robert E Brainard
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Lewis J Watson
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Andrew P DeFilippis
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Timothy D Cummins
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Matthew A Harbeson
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Kenneth R Brittian
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Sumanth D Prabhu
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Steven P Jones
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.)
| | - Bradford G Hill
- From the Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Division of Cardiology (B.E.S., A.M.D.M., Z.X., A.C.B., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.P.D., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center (B.E.S., Z.X., A.C.B., T.D.C., M.A.H., K.R.B., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.C.B., A.B., B.G.H.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics (B.E.S., A.M.D., R.E.B., L.J.W., A.B., S.P.J., B.G.H.), University of Louisville, KY; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VAMC, AL (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (A.P.D.).
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20
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Despite recent medical advances, cardiovascular disease and heart failure (HF) continue to be major health concerns, and related mortality remains high. As a result, investigation of the mechanisms involved in the development of HF continues to be an active field of study. RECENT ADVANCES The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and its effector molecule, angiotensin (Ang) II, affect cardiac function through both systemic and local actions, and have been shown to play a major role in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in the failing heart. Many of the downstream effects of AngII signaling are mediated by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, which have also been implicated in the pathology of HF. CRITICAL ISSUES Inhibitors of the RAS have proven beneficial in the treatment of patients at risk for and suffering from HF, but remain only partially effective. ROS can be generated from several different sources, and the oxidative state is normally tightly regulated in the heart. How AngII increases ROS levels and causes dysregulation of the cardiac oxidative state has been the subject of considerable interest in recent years. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A better understanding of this process and the mechanisms involved should lead to the development of more effective HF therapies and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Zablocki
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey , Newark, New Jersey
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21
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Lempiäinen J, Finckenberg P, Mervaala EE, Sankari S, Levijoki J, Mervaala EM. Caloric restriction ameliorates kidney ischaemia/reperfusion injury through PGC-1α-eNOS pathway and enhanced autophagy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013; 208:410-21. [PMID: 23710679 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM We investigated whether preconditioning with caloric restriction (CR) ameliorates kidney ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and whether the salutary effects of CR are mediated through enhanced autophagy and/or activation of key metabolic sensors SIRT1, AMP-kinase and PGC-1α. METHODS Six- to seven-week-old Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (i) sham-operated group; (ii) I/R group (40-min ischaemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion); and (iii) I/R group kept under CR (energy intake 70%) for 2 weeks before surgery. In additional experiments, sirtinol and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used as inhibitors of SIRT1 and autophagy respectively. Renal function was measured, and acute tubular damage and nitrotyrosine expression were scored. Kidney adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK), SIRT1, eNOS, PGC-1α and LC-3B expressions were measured. RESULTS Caloric restriction improved renal function, protected against the development of acute tubular necrosis and attenuated I/R-induced nitrosative stress. Kidney I/R injury decreased eNOS and PGC-1α expression, inhibit autophagy and increased SIRT1 and AMPK expressions by 2.6- and fourfold respectively. However, phosphorylation level of AMPK was decreased. As compared with I/R injury group, CR further increased kidney SIRT1 expression by 1.8-fold, promoted autophagy and counteracted I/R-induced decreases in the expression of eNOS and PGC-1α. 3-MA abolished the renoprotective effects of CR, whereas sirtinol did not influence renal function in CR rats with I/R injury. CONCLUSIONS Caloric restriction ameliorates acute kidney I/R injury through enhanced autophagy and counteraction of I/R-induced decreases in the renal expression of eNOS and PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Lempiäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | - P. Finckenberg
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | - E. E. Mervaala
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | - S. Sankari
- Department of Production Animal Medicine; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
| | | | - E. M. Mervaala
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology; University of Helsinki; Helsinki; Finland
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22
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Connexin43 and Angiotensin II Alterations in Hearts of Rats Having Undergone an Acute Exposure to Alcohol. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2013; 34:68-71. [DOI: 10.1097/paf.0b013e31827bf67f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Abstract
The newest 'omics' science is metabolomics, the latest offspring of genomics, considered the most innovative of the 'omics' sciences. Metabolomics, also called the 'new clinical biochemistry', is an approach based on the systematic study of the complete set of metabolites in a biological sample. The metabolome is considered the most predictive phenotype and is capable of considering epigenetic differences. It is so close to the phenotype that it can be considered the phenotype itself. In the last three years about 5000 papers have been listed in PubMed on this topic, but few data are available in the newborn. The aim of this review, after a description of background and technical procedures, is to analyse the clinical applications of metabolomics in neonatology, covering the following points: gestational age, postnatal age, type of delivery, zygosity, perinatal asphyxia, intrauterine growth restriction, prenatal inflammation and brain injury, respiratory, cardiovascular renal, metabolic diseases; sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis and antibiotic treatment; nutritional studies on maternal milk and formula, pharma-metabolomics, long-term diseases. Pros and cons of metabolomics are also discussed. All this comes about with the non-invasive collection of a few drops of urine (exceptionally important for the neonate, especially those of low birth weight). Only time and large-scale studies to validate initial results will place metabolomics within neonatology. In any case, it is important for perinatologists to learn and understand this new technology to offer their patients the utmost in diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities.
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24
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Bassareo PP, Fanos V, Deidda M, Barberini L, Mercuro G. Metabolomic approach to foetal and neonatal heart. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012; 25:19-21. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.714632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Turer AT. Using metabolomics to assess myocardial metabolism and energetics in heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 55:12-8. [PMID: 22982115 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a long history of investigation into the metabolism of the failing heart. Congestive heart failure is marked both by severe disruptions in myocardial energy supply and an inability of the heart to efficiently uptake and oxidize fuels. Despite the many advancements in our understanding, there are still even more outstanding questions in the field. Metabolomics has the power to assist our understanding of the metabolic derangements which accompany myocardial dysfunction. Metabolomic investigations in animal models of heart failure have already highlighted several novel, potentially important pathways of substrate selection and toxicity. Metabolomic biomarker studies in humans, already successfully applied to other forms of cardiovascular disease, have the potential to improve diagnosis and patient care. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Focus on Cardiac Metabolism".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslan T Turer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-8521, USA.
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26
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Roede JR, Park Y, Li S, Strobel FH, Jones DP. Detailed mitochondrial phenotyping by high resolution metabolomics. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33020. [PMID: 22412977 PMCID: PMC3295783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial phenotype is complex and difficult to define at the level of individual cell types. Newer metabolic profiling methods provide information on dozens of metabolic pathways from a relatively small sample. This pilot study used “top-down” metabolic profiling to determine the spectrum of metabolites present in liver mitochondria. High resolution mass spectral analyses and multivariate statistical tests provided global metabolic information about mitochondria and showed that liver mitochondria possess a significant phenotype based on gender and genotype. The data also show that mitochondria contain a large number of unidentified chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Roede
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Youngja Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Shuzhao Li
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Frederick H. Strobel
- Mass Spectrometry Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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27
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography in metabolomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 402:1993-2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Finckenberg P, Eriksson O, Baumann M, Merasto S, Lalowski MM, Levijoki J, Haasio K, Kytö V, Muller DN, Luft FC, Oresic M, Mervaala E. Caloric restriction ameliorates angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertension 2011; 59:76-84. [PMID: 22068868 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.179457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II-induced cardiac damage is associated with oxidative stress-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. Caloric restriction (CR), a dietary regimen that increases mitochondrial activity and cellular stress resistance, could provide protection. We tested that hypothesis in double transgenic rats harboring human renin and angiotensinogen genes (dTGRs). CR (60% of energy intake for 4 weeks) decreased mortality in dTGRs. CR ameliorated angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, vascular inflammation, cardiac damage and fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA overexpression. The effects were blood pressure independent and were linked to increased endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, serum adiponectin level, and 5' AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. CR decreased cardiac p38 phosphorylation, nitrotyrosine expression, and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels. Mitochondria from dTGR hearts showed clustered mitochondrial patterns, decreased numbers, and volume fractions but increased trans-sectional areas. All of these effects were reduced in CR dTGRs. Mitochondrial proteomic profiling identified 43 dTGR proteins and 42 Sprague-Dawley proteins, of which 29 proteins were in common in response to CR. We identified 7 proteins in CR dTGRs that were not found in control dTGRs. In contrast, 6 mitochondrial proteins were identified from dTGRs that were not detected in any other group. Gene ontology annotations with the Panther protein classification system revealed downregulation of cytoskeletal proteins and enzyme modulators and upregulation of oxidoreductase activity in dTGRs. CR provides powerful, blood pressure-independent, protection against angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. The findings support the notion of modulating cardiac bioenergetics to ameliorate angiotensin II-induced cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piet Finckenberg
- Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
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Integration of metabolomics in heart disease and diabetes research: current achievements and future outlook. Bioanalysis 2011; 3:2205-22. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.11.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Metabolomics represents a paradigm shift in metabolic research, away from approaches that focus on a limited number of enzymatic reactions or single pathways, to approaches that attempt to capture the complexity of metabolic networks. Additionally, the high-throughput nature of metabolomics makes it ideal to perform biomarker screens for diseases or follow drug efficacy. In this Review, we explore the role of metabolomics in gaining mechanistic insight into cardiac disease processes, and in the search for novel biomarkers. High-resolution NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry are both highly discriminatory for a range of pathological processes affecting the heart, including cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. We also discuss the position of metabolomics in the range of functional-genomic approaches, being complementary to proteomic and transcriptomic studies, and having subdivisions such as lipidomics (the study of intact lipid species). In addition to techniques that monitor changes in the total sizes of pools of metabolites in the heart and biofluids, the role of stable-isotope methods for monitoring fluxes through pathways is examined. The use of these novel functional-genomic tools to study metabolism provides a unique insight into cardiac disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian L Griffin
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK. jules.griffin@ mrc-hnr.cam.ac.uk
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Nagrath D, Caneba C, Karedath T, Bellance N. Metabolomics for mitochondrial and cancer studies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:650-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), despite its adaptive nature, increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Novel approaches for protection against pathological heart remodelling are presented in this supplement. Melatonin diminishes myocardial fibrosis in rats exposed to continuous light and N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) treatment and reduces production of endothelium-derived constricting factors in L-NAME-induced hypertension. Melatonin, because of its extraordinary antioxidant and scavenging properties, benefits for endothelium and sympatholytic action, may prove to be a useful protective drug against heart remodelling. In hypertension induced by relative aldosteronism, the correction of macro and micronutrient dyshomeostasis appears to act beneficially within pathological myocardial remodelling. Alterations in the signal cascade of pathological myocardial growth, including humoral stimuli, receptors, intracellular messengers or transcriptional factors, may be favourably modified at different levels. Inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) potentiates hypertension development, enhances oxidative load, increases the cross-sectional area of the aorta and reduces nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity in L-NAME hypertension. It is suggested that NF-kappaB may play a protective rather than a deleterious role in the haemodynamically overloaded circulation. Compound 21, a recently developed peptide angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor agonist, offers a novel approach in investigating the role of AT2 receptors in the protection of the hypertensive heart. A novel NO donor, L-419, with its intrinsic protection of NO, improves the entire NO signalling cascade and thus favourably influencing the response of the left ventricle to haemodynamic overload. LVH prevention or regression should be considered a therapeutic success only when, along with hypertrophied mass reduction, an improvement of the heart structure, function, metabolism and electrical stability is achieved.
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is classically considered as an adaptive and compensatory response enabling cardiomyocytes to increase their work output and thus cardiac function. Biomechanical stress and neurohumoral activation are the most important triggers of pathological hypertrophy and the transition of cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure. Several novel regulators and putative drug targets of cardiac hypertrophy have been found by using gene-modified and acquired models of cardiac hypertrophy. Recent studies have also revealed distinct patterns of cardiac substrate utilization in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The use of novel systems biology techniques such as metabolomics may therefore in future provide insights into the metabolic processes and cardiovascular biology related to cardiac hypertrophy and also extend the ability to discover circulating biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases. The present review discusses current knowledge on molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy, with special emphasis on novel regulators and putative drug targets of cardiac hypertrophy such as the tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/growth promoting protein kinase B, mammalian target of rapamycin, histone deacetylases, AMPkinases, microRNAs and angiogenetic factors.
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Levosimendan improves cardiac function and survival in rats with angiotensin II-induced hypertensive heart failure. Hypertens Res 2010; 33:1004-11. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2010.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Biala A, Tauriainen E, Siltanen A, Shi J, Merasto S, Louhelainen M, Martonen E, Finckenberg P, Muller DN, Mervaala E. Resveratrol induces mitochondrial biogenesis and ameliorates Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling in transgenic rats harboring human renin and angiotensinogen genes. Blood Press 2010; 19:196-205. [PMID: 20429690 DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2010.481808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is compelling evidence to indicate an important role for increased local renin-angiotensin system activity in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol that activates SIRT1, a novel cardioprotective and longevity factor having NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase activity. We tested the hypothesis whether resveratrol could prevent from angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiovascular damage. Four-week-old double transgenic rats harboring human renin and human angiotensinogen genes (dTGR) were treated for 4 weeks either with SIRT1 activator resveratrol or SIRT1 inhibitor nicotinamide. Untreated dTGR and their normotensive Sprague-Dawley control rats (SD) received vehicle. Untreated dTGR developed severe hypertension as well as cardiac hypertrophy, and showed pronounced cardiovascular mortality compared with normotensive SD rats. Resveratrol slightly but significantly decreased blood pressure, ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy and prevented completely Ang II-induced mortality, whereas nicotinamide increased blood pressure without significantly influencing cardiac hypertrophy or survival. Resveratrol decreased cardiac ANP mRNA expression and induced cardiac mRNA expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis markers peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1alpha), mitochondrial transcription factor (Tfam), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (cox4). Resveratrol dose-dependently increased SIRT1 activity in vitro. Our findings suggest that the beneficial effects of SIRT1 activator resveratrol on Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling are mediated by blood pressure-dependent pathways and are linked to increased mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Biala
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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