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Ricciotti E, Haines PG, Chai W, FitzGerald GA. Prostanoids in Cardiac and Vascular Remodeling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:558-583. [PMID: 38269585 PMCID: PMC10922399 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Prostanoids are biologically active lipids generated from arachidonic acid by the action of the COX (cyclooxygenase) isozymes. NSAIDs, which reduce the biosynthesis of prostanoids by inhibiting COX activity, are effective anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic drugs. However, their use is limited by cardiovascular adverse effects, including myocardial infarction, stroke, hypertension, and heart failure. While it is well established that NSAIDs increase the risk of atherothrombotic events and hypertension by suppressing vasoprotective prostanoids, less is known about the link between NSAIDs and heart failure risk. Current evidence indicates that NSAIDs may increase the risk for heart failure by promoting adverse myocardial and vascular remodeling. Indeed, prostanoids play an important role in modulating structural and functional changes occurring in the myocardium and in the vasculature in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. This review will summarize current knowledge of the role of the different prostanoids in myocardial and vascular remodeling and explore how maladaptive remodeling can be counteracted by targeting specific prostanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (E.R., G.A.F.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (E.R., G.A.F.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Philip G Haines
- Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence (P.G.H.)
| | - William Chai
- Health and Human Biology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI (W.C.)
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (E.R., G.A.F.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (E.R., G.A.F.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Department of Medicine (G.A.F.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
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2
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Yang T, Song C, Ralph DL, Andrews P, Sparks MA, Koller BH, McDonough AA, Coffman TM. Cell-Specific Actions of the Prostaglandin E-Prostanoid Receptor 4 Attenuating Hypertension: A Dominant Role for Kidney Epithelial Cells Compared With Macrophages. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026581. [PMID: 36172956 PMCID: PMC9673718 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background A beneficial role for prostanoids in hypertension is suggested by clinical studies showing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which block the production of all prostanoids, cause sodium retention and exacerbate hypertension. Among prostanoids, prostaglandin E2 and its E-prostanoid receptor 4 receptor (EP4R) have been implicated in blood pressure control. Our previous study found that conditional deletion of EP4R from all tissues in adult mice exacerbates angiotensin II-dependent hypertension, suggesting a powerful effect of EP4R to resist blood pressure elevation. We also found that elimination of EP4R from vascular smooth muscle cells did not affect the severity of hypertension, suggesting nonvascular targets of prostaglandin E mediate this antihypertensive effect. Methods and Results Here we generated mice with cell-specific deletion of EP4R from macrophage-specific EP4 receptor knockouts or kidney epithelial cells (KEKO) to assess the contributions of EP4R in these cells to hypertension pathogenesis. Macrophage-specific EP4 receptor knockouts showed similar blood pressure responses to alterations in dietary sodium or chronic angiotensin II infusion as Controls. By contrast, angiotensin II-dependent hypertension was significantly augmented in KEKOs (mean arterial pressure: 146±3 mm Hg) compared with Controls (137±4 mm Hg; P=0.02), which was accompanied by impaired natriuresis in KEKOs. Because EP4R expression in the kidney is enriched in the collecting duct, we compared responses to amiloride in angiotensin II-infused KEKOs and Controls. Blockade of the epithelial sodium channel with amiloride caused exaggerated natriuresis in KEKOs compared with Controls (0.21±0.01 versus 0.15±0.02 mmol/24 hour per 20 g; P=0.015). Conclusions Our data suggest EP4R in kidney epithelia attenuates hypertension. This antihypertension effect of EP4R may be mediated by reducing the activity of the epithelial sodium channel, thereby promoting natriuresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Division of Nephrology‐Department of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
| | - Chengcheng Song
- Division of Nephrology‐Department of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC,Department of AnesthesiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Donna L. Ralph
- Department of Physiology and NeuroscienceKeck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA
| | - Portia Andrews
- Division of Nephrology‐Department of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
| | - Matthew A. Sparks
- Division of Nephrology‐Department of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
| | | | - Alicia A. McDonough
- Department of Physiology and NeuroscienceKeck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA
| | - Thomas M. Coffman
- Division of Nephrology‐Department of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Research ProgramDuke‐National University of Singapore Graduate Medical SchoolSingapore
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3
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Liu N, Tang J, Xue Y, Mok V, Zhang M, Ren X, Wang Y, Fu J. EP3 Receptor Deficiency Improves Vascular Remodeling and Cognitive Impairment in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Aging Dis 2022; 13:313-328. [PMID: 35111376 PMCID: PMC8782563 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and hypertension are major risk factors for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Anti-hypertensive therapy has achieved effective; however, incomplete results in treating CSVD, suggesting the need for additional treatments. Targeting abnormal inflammatory responses has become a topic of research interest. Small artery remodeling is the main pathological feature of CSVD. Inhibition of the E-prostanoid 3 (EP3) receptor has been shown to attenuate vascular remodeling in peripheral organs; however, little is known about its role in CSVD. Therefore, we investigated whether the deletion of EP3 attenuates the development of CSVD in an animal model-- stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rat (RHRsp). We found that the cerebral small arteries of RHRsp exhibited increased EP3 expression. Despite no alleviation of hypertension, the deletion of EP3 still attenuated the cerebral small artery remodeling of RHRsp, as evidenced by reduced overexpression of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the vessel. In vitro experiments indicated that EP3 deletion regulated the expression of ECM by downregulating TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Furthermore, the Morris water maze test and magnetic resonance test demonstrated that EP3 knockout attenuated cognitive impairment of the RHRsp, possibly through increased cerebral blood flow. Together, our results indicate that the deletion of EP3 attenuates vascular remodeling and vascular cognitive impairment induced by hypertension, and blockade of the EP3 receptor may be a promising strategy for the treatment of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Vincent Mok
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miaoyi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, North Huashan hospital, Fudan University, No.108 Lu Xiang Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xue Ren
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Jianhui Fu, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. ; Dr. Yilong Wang, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .
| | - Jianhui Fu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Jianhui Fu, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. ; Dr. Yilong Wang, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .
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4
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Bryson TD, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 EP receptors in cardiovascular disease: An update. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 195:114858. [PMID: 34822808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an update for the role of prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) in cardiovascular disease. Where possible we have reported citations from the last decade although this was not possible for all of the topics covered due to the paucity of publications. The authors have attempted to cover the subjects of ischemia-reperfusion injury, arrhythmias, hypertension, novel protein binding partners of the EP receptors and their pathophysiological significance, and cardiac regeneration. These latter two topics bring studies of the EP receptors into new and exciting areas of research that are just beginning to be explored. Where there is peer-reviewed literature, the authors have placed particular emphasis on clinical studies although these are limited in number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
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Wang Q, Li Y, Wu M, Huang S, Zhang A, Zhang Y, Jia Z. Targeting microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 to develop drugs treating the inflammatory diseases. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:391-419. [PMID: 33527033 PMCID: PMC7847505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) is the terminal synthase of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which plays a crucial role in inflammatory diseases. Thus, mPGES-1 inhibitors are promising agents for their better specificity in blocking the production of PGE2, a potent inflammatory mediator, compared with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Currently, two mPGES-1 inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials and more novel inhibitors are being developed. In this review, we focus on the advances in the development of mPGES-1 inhibitors and the potential of these inhibitors to treat different inflammatory diseases, and discuss the existing challenges. The insights from this review will increase the understanding on the current status of mPGES-1-targeted anti-inflammatory drug development and the potential of these drugs in treating inflammation in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mengying Wu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityGuangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China
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Abstract
Prostanoids (prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane) belong to the oxylipin family of biologically active lipids generated from arachidonic acid (AA). Protanoids control numerous physiological and pathological processes. Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of AA into prostanoids. There are two COX isozymes: the constitutive COX-1 and the inducible COX-2. COX-1 and COX-2 have similar structures, catalytic activities, and subcellular localizations but differ in patterns of expression and biological functions. Non-selective COX-1/2 or traditional, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs) target both COX isoforms and are widely used to relieve pain, fever and inflammation. However, the use of NSAIDs is associated with various side effects, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. NSAIDs selective for COX-2 inhibition (coxibs) were purposefully designed to spare gastrointestinal toxicity, but predisposed patients to increased cardiovascular risks. These health complications from NSAIDs prompted interest in the downstream effectors of the COX enzymes as novel drug targets. This chapter describes various safety issues with tNSAIDs and coxibs, and discusses the current development of novel classes of drugs targeting the prostanoid pathway, including nitrogen oxide- and hydrogen sulfide-releasing NSAIDs, inhibitors of prostanoid synthases, dual inhibitors, and prostanoid receptor agonists and antagonists.
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7
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Herrera M, Yang T, Sparks MA, Manning MW, Koller BH, Coffman TM. Complex Role for E-Prostanoid 4 Receptors in Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e010745. [PMID: 30764697 PMCID: PMC6405651 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Prostaglandin E2 ( PGE 2) is a major prostanoid with multiple actions that potentially affect blood pressure ( BP ). PGE 2 acts through 4 distinct E-prostanoid ( EP ) receptor isoforms: EP 1 to EP 4. The EP 4 receptor ( EP 4R) promotes PGE 2-dependent vasodilation, but its role in the pathogenesis of hypertension is not clear. Methods and Results To address this issue, we studied mice after temporal- and cell-specific deletion of EP 4R. First, using a mouse line with loss of EP 4 expression induced universally after birth, we confirm that EP 4R mediates a major portion of the acute vasodilatory effects of infused PGE 2. In addition, EP 4 contributes to control of resting BP , which was increased by 5±1 mm Hg in animals with generalized deficiency of this receptor. We also show that EP 4 is critical for limiting elevations in BP caused by high salt feeding and long-term infusion of angiotensin II . To more precisely identify the mechanism for these actions, we generated mice in which EP 4R loss is induced after birth and is limited to smooth muscle. In these mice, acute PGE 2-dependent vasodilation was attenuated, indicating that this response is mediated by EP 4R in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, absence of EP 4R only in this vascular compartment had a paradoxical effect of lowering resting BP , whereas the protective effect of EP 4R on limiting angiotensin II-dependent hypertension was unaffected. Conclusions Taken together, our findings support a complex role for EP 4R in regulation of BP and in hypertension, which appears to involve actions of the EP 4R in tissues beyond vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Herrera
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
| | - Ting Yang
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
| | - Matthew A. Sparks
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
- Renal SectionDurham VA Medical CenterDurhamNC
| | | | | | - Thomas M. Coffman
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNC
- Renal SectionDurham VA Medical CenterDurhamNC
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Research ProgramDuke–National University of Singapore Graduate Medical SchoolSingapore
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8
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Avendaño MS, García-Redondo AB, Zalba G, González-Amor M, Aguado A, Martínez-Revelles S, Beltrán LM, Camacho M, Cachofeiro V, Alonso MJ, Salaices M, Briones AM. mPGES-1 (Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1) Mediates Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension Through Oxidative Stress. Hypertension 2018; 72:492-502. [PMID: 29891646 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
mPGES-1 (microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1), the downstream enzyme responsible for PGE2 (prostaglandin E2) synthesis in inflammatory conditions and oxidative stress are increased in vessels from hypertensive animals. We evaluated the role of mPGES-1-derived PGE2 in the vascular dysfunction and remodeling in hypertension and the possible contribution of oxidative stress. We used human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asymptomatic patients, arteries from untreated and Ang II (angiotensin II)-infused mPGES-1-/- and mPGES-1+/+ mice, and vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to PGE2 In human cells, we found a positive correlation between mPGES-1 mRNA and carotid intima-media thickness (r=0.637; P<0.001) and with NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production (r=0.417; P<0.001). In Ang II-infused mice, mPGES-1 deletion prevented all of the following: (1) the augmented wall:lumen ratio, vascular stiffness, and altered elastin structure; (2) the increased gene expression of profibrotic and proinflammatory markers; (3) the increased vasoconstrictor responses and endothelial dysfunction; (4) the increased NADPH oxidase activity and the diminished mitochondrial membrane potential; and (5) the increased reactive oxygen species generation and reduced NO bioavailability. In vascular smooth muscle cells or aortic segments, PGE2 increased NADPH oxidase expression and activity and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, effects that were abolished by antagonists of the PGE2 receptors (EP), EP1 and EP3, and by JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and ERK1/2 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2) inhibition. Deletion of mPGES-1 augmented vascular production of PGI2 suggesting rediversion of the accumulated PGH2 substrate. In conclusion, mPGES-1-derived PGE2 is involved in vascular remodeling, stiffness, and endothelial dysfunction in hypertension likely through an increase of oxidative stress produced by NADPH oxidase and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S Avendaño
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.)
| | - Ana B García-Redondo
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.).,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.)
| | - Guillermo Zalba
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genética, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (G.Z.)
| | - María González-Amor
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.)
| | - Andrea Aguado
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.)
| | - Sonia Martínez-Revelles
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.).,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.)
| | - Luis M Beltrán
- Unidad Clínico-Experimental de Riesgo Vascular-Medicina Interna, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Spain (L.M.B.)
| | - Mercedes Camacho
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.).,Laboratorio de Angiología, Biología Vascular e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.)
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.).,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (V.C.)
| | - María J Alonso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.).,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain (M.J.A.)
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.).,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.)
| | - Ana M Briones
- From the Departmento de Farmacología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain (M.S.A., A.B.G.-R., M.G.-A., A.A., S.M.-R., M.S., A.M.B.) .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.B.G.-R., S.M.-R., M.C., V.C., M.J.A., M.S., A.M.B.)
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9
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Physiological and pathophysiological implications of PGE2 and the PGE2 synthases in the kidney. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 134:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Stegbauer J, Chen D, Herrera M, Sparks MA, Yang T, Königshausen E, Gurley SB, Coffman TM. Resistance to hypertension mediated by intercalated cells of the collecting duct. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e92720. [PMID: 28405625 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The renal collecting duct (CD), as the terminal segment of the nephron, is responsible for the final adjustments to the amount of sodium excreted in urine. While angiotensin II modulates reabsorptive functions of the CD, the contribution of these actions to physiological homeostasis is not clear. To examine this question, we generated mice with cell-specific deletion of AT1A receptors from the CD. Elimination of AT1A receptors from both principal and intercalated cells (CDKO mice) had no effect on blood pressures at baseline or during successive feeding of low- or high-salt diets. In contrast, the severity of hypertension caused by chronic infusion of angiotensin II was paradoxically exaggerated in CDKO mice compared with controls. In wild-type mice, angiotensin II induced robust expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in renal medulla, primarily localized to intercalated cells. Upregulation of COX-2 was diminished in CDKO mice, resulting in reduced generation of vasodilator prostanoids. This impaired expression of COX-2 has physiological consequences, since administration of a specific COX-2 inhibitor to CDKO and control mice during angiotensin II infusion equalized their blood pressures. Stimulation of COX-2 was also triggered by exposure of isolated preparations of medullary CDs to angiotensin II. Deletion of AT1A receptors from principal cells alone did not affect angiotensin II-dependent COX2 stimulation, implicating intercalated cells as the main source of COX2 in this setting. These findings suggest a novel paracrine role for the intercalated cell to attenuate the severity of hypertension. Strategies for preserving or augmenting this pathway may have value for improving the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Stegbauer
- Division of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daian Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marcela Herrera
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew A Sparks
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ting Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eva Königshausen
- Division of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susan B Gurley
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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11
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Tang SY, Monslow J, R Grant G, Todd L, Pawelzik SC, Chen L, Lawson J, Puré E, FitzGerald GA. Cardiovascular Consequences of Prostanoid I Receptor Deletion in Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1-Deficient Hyperlipidemic Mice. Circulation 2016; 134:328-38. [PMID: 27440004 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.022308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 alleviate pain and reduce fever and inflammation by suppressing the biosynthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2. However, suppression of these prostaglandins, particularly PGI2, by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition or deletion of its I prostanoid receptor also predisposes to accelerated atherogenesis and thrombosis in mice. By contrast, deletion of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) confers analgesia, attenuates atherogenesis, and fails to accelerate thrombogenesis, while suppressing prostaglandin E2, but increasing biosynthesis of PGI2. METHODS To address the cardioprotective contribution of PGI2, we generated mice lacking the I prostanoid receptor together with mPges-1 on a hyperlipidemic background (low-density lipoprotein receptor knockouts). RESULTS mPges-1 depletion modestly increased thrombogenesis, but this response was markedly further augmented by coincident deletion of the I prostanoid receptor (n=10-18). By contrast, deletion of the I prostanoid receptor had no effect on the attenuation of atherogenesis by mPGES-1 deletion in the low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice (n=17-21). CONCLUSIONS Although suppression of prostaglandin E2 accounts for the protective effect of mPGES-1 deletion in atherosclerosis, augmentation of PGI2 is the dominant contributor to its favorable thrombogenic profile. The divergent effects on these prostaglandins suggest that inhibitors of mPGES-1 may be less likely to cause cardiovascular adverse effects than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs specific for inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Yew Tang
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - James Monslow
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - Gregory R Grant
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - Leslie Todd
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - Sven-Christian Pawelzik
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - Lihong Chen
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - John Lawson
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - Ellen Puré
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.)
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- From Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (S.Y.T., J.M., L.T., S.-C.P., L.C., E.P., G.A.F.); Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine (S.Y.T., G.R.G., J.L.); and Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (J.M.).
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12
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Fork C, Vasconez AE, Janetzko P, Angioni C, Schreiber Y, Ferreirós N, Geisslinger G, Leisegang MS, Steinhilber D, Brandes RP. Epigenetic control of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 by HDAC-mediated recruitment of p300. J Lipid Res 2016; 58:386-392. [PMID: 27913583 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m072280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most widely used medicine to treat pain and inflammation, and to inhibit platelet function. Understanding the expression regulation of enzymes of the prostanoid pathway is of great medical relevance. Histone acetylation crucially controls gene expression. We set out to identify the impact of histone deacetylases (HDACs) on the generation of prostanoids and examine the consequences on vascular function. HDAC inhibition (HDACi) with the pan-HDAC inhibitor, vorinostat, attenuated prostaglandin (PG)E2 generation in the murine vasculature and in human vascular smooth muscle cells. In line with this, the expression of the key enzyme for PGE2 synthesis, microsomal PGE synthase-1 (PTGES1), was reduced by HDACi. Accordingly, the relaxation to arachidonic acid was decreased after ex vivo incubation of murine vessels with HDACi. To identify the underlying mechanism, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and ChIP-sequencing analysis were performed. These results suggest that HDACs are involved in the recruitment of the transcriptional activator p300 to the PTGES1 gene and that HDACi prevented this effect. In line with the acetyltransferase activity of p300, H3K27 acetylation was reduced after HDACi and resulted in the formation of heterochromatin in the PTGES1 gene. In conclusion, HDAC activity maintains PTGES1 expression by recruiting p300 to its gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Fork
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrea E Vasconez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Patrick Janetzko
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carlo Angioni
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Matthias S Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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13
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Luo R, Kakizoe Y, Wang F, Fan X, Hu S, Yang T, Wang W, Li C. Deficiency of mPGES-1 exacerbates renal fibrosis and inflammation in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 312:F121-F133. [PMID: 27784694 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00231.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1), an inducible enzyme that converts prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), plays an important role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. We investigated the contribution of mPGES-1 to renal fibrosis and inflammation in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) for 7 days using wild-type (WT) and mPGES-1 knockout (KO) mice. UUO induced increased mRNA and protein expression of mPGES-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in WT mice. UUO was associated with increased renal PGE2 content and upregulated PGE2 receptor (EP) 4 expression in obstructed kidneys of both WT and mPGES-1 KO mice; EP4 expression levels were higher in KO mice with UUO than those in WT mice. Protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components ASC and interleukin-1β was significantly increased in obstructed kidneys of KO mice compared with that in WT mice. mRNA expression levels of fibronectin, collagen III, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were significantly higher in obstructed kidneys of KO mice than that in WT mice. In KO mice, protein expression of fibronectin and collagen III was markedly increased in obstructed kidneys compared with WT mice, which was associated with increased phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). EP4 agonist CAY10598 attenuated increased expression of collagen I and fibronectin induced by TGF-β1 in inner medullary collecting duct 3 cells. Moreover, CAY10598 prevented the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes induced by angiotensin II in human proximal tubule cells (HK2). In conclusion, these findings suggested that mPGES-1 exerts a potentially protective effect against renal fibrosis and inflammation induced by UUO in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfei Luo
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Feifei Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Neurosurgery Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Yang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;
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14
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Fujita A, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Morimoto S, Yoshihara T, Arioka M, Igawa K, Tomooka K, Hoka S, Sasaguri T. 2,5-Dimethylcelecoxib prevents pressure-induced left ventricular remodeling through GSK-3 activation. Hypertens Res 2016; 40:130-139. [PMID: 27628899 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a crucial regulator of cardiac hypertrophy. We previously reported that 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib (DM-celecoxib), a celecoxib derivative unable to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2, prevented cardiac remodeling by activating GSK-3, resulting in lifespan prolongation in a mouse model of genetic dilated cardiomyopathy. In the present study, we investigated whether DM-celecoxib can also prevent pressure-induced cardiac remodeling and heart failure, elicited by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Before testing the effects of DM-celecoxib, we compared the effects of TAC on the hearts of wild-type and GSK-3β hetero-deficient (GSK-3β+/-) mice to determine the role of GSK-3 in cardiac remodeling and heart failure. GSK-3β+/- mouse hearts exhibited more severe hypertrophy, which was characterized by accelerated interstitial fibrosis, than wild-type mouse hearts after TAC, suggesting that reduced GSK-3β activity aggravates pressure-induced left ventricular remodeling. We subsequently examined the effects of DM-celecoxib on TAC-induced cardiac remodeling. DM-celecoxib inhibited left ventricular systolic functional deterioration, and prevented left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. It also activated GSK-3α and β by inhibiting Akt, suppressing the activity of β-catenin and nuclear factor of activated T-cells and thereby decreasing the expression of the Wnt/β-catenin target gene products fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase-2. These results suggest that DM-celecoxib is clinically useful for treating pressure-induced heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Fujita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Global Medical Science Education Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshihara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Arioka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Department of Molecular and Material Science, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tomooka
- Department of Molecular and Material Science, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sumio Hoka
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sasaguri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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An Update of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 and PGE2 Receptors in Cardiovascular Health and Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5249086. [PMID: 27594972 PMCID: PMC4993943 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5249086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors, are among the most widely used drugs to treat pain and inflammation. However, clinical trials have revealed that these inhibitors predisposed patients to a significantly increased cardiovascular risk, consisting of thrombosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Thus, microsomal prostaglandin E (PGE) synthase-1 (mPGES-1), the key terminal enzyme involved in the synthesis of inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and the four PGE2 receptors (EP1-4) have gained much attention as alternative targets for the development of novel analgesics. The cardiovascular consequences of targeting mPGES-1 and the PGE2 receptors are substantially studied. Inhibition of mPGES-1 has displayed a relatively innocuous or preferable cardiovascular profile. The modulation of the four EP receptors in cardiovascular system is diversely reported as well. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances from our and other studies on the regulation of PGE2, particularly mPGES-1 and the four PGE2 receptors, in cardiovascular function, with a particular emphasis on blood pressure regulation, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and myocardial infarction. This might lead to new avenues to improve cardiovascular disease management strategies and to seek optimized anti-inflammatory therapeutic options.
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16
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Singh D, Cantu M, Marx MHM, Akingbola O. Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Fluid Refractory Hypotension. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2016; 55:182-4. [PMID: 25948040 DOI: 10.1177/0009922815584549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Singh
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Marissa Cantu
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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17
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Wang F, Lu X, Liu M, Feng Y, Zhou SF, Yang T. Renal medullary (pro)renin receptor contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension in rats via activation of the local renin-angiotensin system. BMC Med 2015; 13:278. [PMID: 26554902 PMCID: PMC4641338 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) is a new component of the renin-angiotensin system and regulates renin activity in vitro. Within the kidney, PRR is highly expressed in the renal medulla where its expression is induced by angiotensin II infusion. The objective of the present study was to test a potential role of renal medullary PRR during angiotensin II-induced hypertension. METHODS A rat AngII infusion model (100 ng/kg/min) combined with renal intramedullary infusion of PRO20, a specific inhibitor of PRR, was builded. And the intravenous PRO20 infusion serve as control. Mean arterial pressure was recorded by radiotelemetry for one week. Further analysis of kidney injury, inflammation, biochemical indices and protein localization were performed in vivo or in vitro. RESULTS Radiotelemetry demonstrated that AngII infusion elevated the mean arteria pressure from 108 ± 5.8 to 164.7 ± 6.2 mmHg. Mean arterial pressure decreased to 128.6 ± 5.8 mmHg (P < 0.05) after intramedullary infusion of PRO20, but was only modestly affected by intravenous PRO20 infusion. Indices of kidney injury, including proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and increased renal medullary and urinary renin activity following angiotensin II infusion were all remarkably attenuated by intramedullary PRO20 infusion. Following one week of angiotensin II infusion, increased PRR immunoreactivity was found in vascular smooth muscle cells. In cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells, angiotensin II induced parallel increases in soluble PRR and renin activity, and the latter was significantly reduced by PRO20. CONCLUSION Renal medullary PRR mediates angiotensin II-induced hypertension, likely by amplifying the local renin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, #74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Science and Technology Building, 6th Floor, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China.,Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Xiaohan Lu
- Institute of Hypertension, Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, #74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Science and Technology Building, 6th Floor, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Mi Liu
- Institute of Hypertension, Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, #74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Science and Technology Building, 6th Floor, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Yumei Feng
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NE, USA
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tianxin Yang
- Institute of Hypertension, Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, #74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Science and Technology Building, 6th Floor, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China. .,Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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18
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Stegbauer J, Coffman TM. Skin tight: macrophage-specific COX-2 induction links salt handling in kidney and skin. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4008-10. [PMID: 26495835 DOI: 10.1172/jci84753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dietary salt intake and the associated risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease is an important public health concern. In this issue of the JCI, a study by Zhang and associates shows that consumption of a high-sodium diet induces expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in macrophages, resulting in enhanced levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), autocrine activation of the macrophage E-prostanoid 4 (EP4) receptor, and subsequent triggering of parallel pathways in the kidney and in skin that help dispose of excess sodium. The authors found that blockade or genetic elimination of the COX-2/PGE2/EP4 receptor pathway in hematopoietic cells causes salt-sensitive hypertension in mice. These studies illuminate an unexpected central role for the macrophage in coordinating homeostatic responses to dietary salt intake and suggest a complex pathophysiology for hypertension associated with NSAID use.
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19
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Aguado A, Rodríguez C, Martínez-Revelles S, Avendaño MS, Zhenyukh O, Orriols M, Martínez-González J, Alonso MJ, Briones AM, Dixon DA, Salaices M. HuR mediates the synergistic effects of angiotensin II and IL-1β on vascular COX-2 expression and cell migration. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3028-42. [PMID: 25653183 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Angiotensin II (AngII) and IL-1β are involved in cardiovascular diseases through the induction of inflammatory pathways. HuR is an adenylate- and uridylate-rich element (ARE)-binding protein involved in the mRNA stabilization of many genes. This study investigated the contribution of HuR to the increased expression of COX-2 induced by AngII and IL-1β and its consequences on VSMC migration and remodelling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rat and human VSMCs were stimulated with AngII (0.1 μM) and/or IL-1β (10 ng · mL(-1)). Mice were infused with AngII or subjected to carotid artery ligation. mRNA and protein levels were assayed by quantitative PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Cell migration was measured by wound healing and transwell assays. KEY RESULTS In VSMCs, AngII potentiated COX-2 and tenascin-C expressions and cell migration induced by IL-1β. This effect of AngII on IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression was accompanied by increased COX-2 3' untranslated region reporter activity and mRNA stability, mediated through cytoplasmic HuR translocation and COX-2 mRNA binding. These effects were blocked by ERK1/2 and HuR inhibitors. VSMC migration was reduced by blockade of ERK1/2, HuR, COX-2, TXAS, TP and EP receptors. HuR, COX-2, mPGES-1 and TXAS expressions were increased in AngII-infused mouse aortas and in carotid-ligated arteries. AngII-induced tenascin-C expression and vascular remodelling were abolished by celecoxib and by mPGES-1 deletion. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The synergistic induction of COX-2 by AngII and IL-1β in VSMCs involves HuR through an ERK1/2-dependent mechanism. The HuR/COX-2 axis participates in cell migration and vascular damage. HuR might be a novel target to modulate vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aguado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - C Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Martínez-Revelles
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - M S Avendaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - O Zhenyukh
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Orriols
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Alonso
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - A M Briones
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - D A Dixon
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - M Salaices
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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Role of COX-2/mPGES-1/prostaglandin E2 cascade in kidney injury. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:147894. [PMID: 25729216 PMCID: PMC4333324 DOI: 10.1155/2015/147894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 cascade plays critical roles in modulating many physiological and pathological actions in different organs. In the kidney, this cascade is of high importance in regulating fluid metabolism, blood pressure, and renal hemodynamics. Under some disease conditions, this cascade displays various actions in response to the different pathological insults. In the present review, the roles of this cascade in the pathogenesis of kidney injuries including diabetic and nondiabetic kidney diseases and acute kidney injuries were introduced and discussed. The new insights from this review not only increase the understanding of the pathological role of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2 pathway in kidney injuries, but also shed new light on the innovation of the strategies for the treatment of kidney diseases.
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21
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Myeloid cell microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 fosters atherogenesis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:6828-33. [PMID: 24753592 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1401797111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in myeloid and vascular cells differentially regulates the response to vascular injury, reflecting distinct effects of mPGES-1-derived PGE2 in these cell types on discrete cellular components of the vasculature. The cell selective roles of mPGES-1 in atherogenesis are unknown. Mice lacking mPGES-1 conditionally in myeloid cells (Mac-mPGES-1-KOs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC-mPGES-1-KOs), or endothelial cells (EC-mPGES-1-KOs) were crossed into hyperlipidemic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient animals. En face aortic lesion analysis revealed markedly reduced atherogenesis in Mac-mPGES-1-KOs, which was concomitant with a reduction in oxidative stress, reflective of reduced macrophage infiltration, less lesional expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and lower aortic expression of NADPH oxidases and proinflammatory cytokines. Reduced oxidative stress was reflected systemically by a decline in urinary 8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI. In contrast to exaggeration of the response to vascular injury, deletion of mPGES-1 in VSMCs, ECs, or both had no detectable phenotypic impact on atherogenesis. Macrophage foam cell formation and cholesterol efflux, together with plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, were unchanged as a function of genotype. In conclusion, myeloid cell mPGES-1 promotes atherogenesis in hyperlipidemic mice, coincident with iNOS-mediated oxidative stress. By contrast, mPGES-1 in vascular cells does not detectably influence atherogenesis in mice. This strengthens the therapeutic rationale for targeting macrophage mPGES-1 in inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.
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Salazar F, Vazquez ML, Masferrer JL, Mbalaviele G, Llinas MT, Saez F, Arhancet G, Salazar FJ. Renal effects induced by prolonged mPGES1 inhibition. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 306:F68-74. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00492.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of membrane-bound PGE synthase 1 (mPGES1) in the regulation of renal function has been examined in mPGES1-deficient mice or by evaluating changes in its expression. However, it is unknown whether prolonged mPGES1 inhibition induces significant changes of renal function when Na+ intake is normal or low. This study examined the renal effects elicited by a selective mPGES1 inhibitor (PF-458) during 7 days in conscious chronically instrumented dogs with normal Na+ intake (NSI) or low Na+ intake (LSI). Results obtained in both in vitro and in vivo studies have strongly suggested that PF-458 is a selective mPGES1 inhibitor. The administration of 2.4 mg·kg−1·day−1 PF-458 to dogs with LSI did not induce significant changes in renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A larger dose of PF-458 (9.6 mg·kg−1·day−1) reduced RBF ( P < 0.05) but not GFR in dogs with LSI and did not induce changes of renal hemodynamic in dogs with NSI. Both doses of PF-458 elicited a decrease ( P < 0.05) in PGE2 and an increase ( P < 0.05) in 6-keto-PGF1α. The administration of PF-458 did not induce significant changes in renal excretory function, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone and thromboxane B2 concentrations in dogs with LSI or NSI. The results obtained suggest that mPGES1 is involved in the regulation of RBF when Na+ intake is low and that the renal effects elicited by mPGES1 inhibition are modulated by a compensatory increment in PGI2. These results may have some therapeutical implications since it has been shown that prolonged mPGES1 inhibition has lower renal effects than those elicited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Salazar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| | | | | | | | - Maria T. Llinas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| | - Fara Saez
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
| | | | - F. Javier Salazar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Campus Mare Nostrum of Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; and
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Abstract
In the mammalian kidney, prostaglandins (PGs) are important mediators of physiologic processes, including modulation of vascular tone and salt and water. PGs arise from enzymatic metabolism of free arachidonic acid (AA), which is cleaved from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 activity. The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme system is a major pathway for metabolism of AA in the kidney. COX are the enzymes responsible for the initial conversion of AA to PGG2 and subsequently to PGH2, which serves as the precursor for subsequent metabolism by PG and thromboxane synthases. In addition to high levels of expression of the "constitutive" rate-limiting enzyme responsible for prostanoid production, COX-1, the "inducible" isoform of cyclooxygenase, COX-2, is also constitutively expressed in the kidney and is highly regulated in response to alterations in intravascular volume. PGs and thromboxane A2 exert their biological functions predominantly through activation of specific 7-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors. COX metabolites have been shown to exert important physiologic functions in maintenance of renal blood flow, mediation of renin release and regulation of sodium excretion. In addition to physiologic regulation of prostanoid production in the kidney, increases in prostanoid production are also seen in a variety of inflammatory renal injuries, and COX metabolites may serve as mediators of inflammatory injury in renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond C Harris
- George M. O'Brien Kidney and Urologic Diseases Center and Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Nashville Veterans Affairs Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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Gueutin V, Vallet M, Jayat M, Peti-Peterdi J, Cornière N, Leviel F, Sohet F, Wagner CA, Eladari D, Chambrey R. Renal β-intercalated cells maintain body fluid and electrolyte balance. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:4219-31. [PMID: 24051376 DOI: 10.1172/jci63492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of the B1 proton pump subunit (ATP6V1B1) in intercalated cells (ICs) leads to type I distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), a disease associated with salt- and potassium-losing nephropathy. Here we show that mice deficient in ATP6V1B1 (Atp6v1b1-/- mice) displayed renal loss of NaCl, K+, and water, causing hypovolemia, hypokalemia, and polyuria. We demonstrated that NaCl loss originated from the cortical collecting duct, where activity of both the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and the pendrin/Na(+)-driven chloride/bicarbonate exchanger (pendrin/NDCBE) transport system was impaired. ENaC was appropriately increased in the medullary collecting duct, suggesting a localized inhibition in the cortex. We detected high urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and ATP levels in Atp6v1b1-/- mice. Inhibition of PGE2 synthesis in vivo restored ENaC protein levels specifically in the cortex. It also normalized protein levels of the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel and the water channel aquaporin 2, and improved polyuria and hypokalemia in mutant mice. Furthermore, pharmacological inactivation of the proton pump in β-ICs induced release of PGE2 through activation of calcium-coupled purinergic receptors. In the present study, we identified ATP-triggered PGE2 paracrine signaling originating from β-ICs as a mechanism in the development of the hydroelectrolytic imbalance associated with dRTA. Our data indicate that in addition to principal cells, ICs are also critical in maintaining sodium balance and, hence, normal vascular volume and blood pressure.
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25
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Chen L, Yang G, Xu X, Grant G, Lawson JA, Bohlooly-Y M, FitzGerald GA. Cell selective cardiovascular biology of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1. Circulation 2012. [PMID: 23204105 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.119479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global deletion of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) in mice attenuates the response to vascular injury without a predisposition to thrombogenesis or hypertension. However, enzyme deletion results in cell-specific differential use by prostaglandin synthases of the accumulated prostaglandin H(2) substrate. Here, we generated mice deficient in mPGES-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and myeloid cells further to elucidate the cardiovascular function of this enzyme. METHODS AND RESULTS Vascular smooth muscle cell and endothelial cell mPGES-1 deletion did not alter blood pressure at baseline or in response to a high-salt diet. The propensity to evoked macrovascular and microvascular thrombogenesis was also unaltered. However, both vascular smooth muscle cell and endothelial cell mPGES-1-deficient mice exhibited a markedly exaggerated neointimal hyperplastic response to wire injury of the femoral artery in comparison to their littermate controls. The hyperplasia was associated with increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen and tenascin-C expression. In contrast, the response to injury was markedly suppressed by myeloid cell depletion of mPGES-1 with decreased hyperplasia, leukocyte infiltration, and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and tenascin-C. Conditioned medium derived from mPGES-1-deficient macrophages less potently induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration than that from wild-type macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of mPGES-1 in the vasculature and myeloid cells differentially modulates the response to vascular injury, implicating macrophage mPGES-1 as a cardiovascular drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chen
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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26
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Sparks MA, Makhanova NA, Griffiths RC, Snouwaert JN, Koller BH, Coffman TM. Thromboxane receptors in smooth muscle promote hypertension, vascular remodeling, and sudden death. Hypertension 2012; 61:166-73. [PMID: 23150508 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.112.193250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prostanoid thromboxane A2 has been implicated to contribute to the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. To study the role of vascular thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptors in blood pressure regulation, we generated mice with cell-specific deletion of TP receptors in smooth muscle using Cre/Loxp technology. We crossed the KISM22α-Cre transgenic mouse line expressing Cre recombinase in smooth muscle cells with a mouse line bearing a conditional allele of the Tbxa2r gene (Tp(flox)). In KISM22α-Cre(+)Tp(flox/flox) (TP-SMKO) mice, TP receptors were efficiently deleted from vascular smooth muscle cells. In TP-SMKOs, acute vasoconstrictor responses to the TP agonist U46619 were attenuated to a similar extent in both the peripheral and renal circulations. Yet, acute vascular responses to angiotensin II were unaffected at baseline and after chronic angiotensin II administration. Infusion of high-dose U46619 caused circulatory collapse and death in a majority of control mice but had negligible hemodynamic effects in TP-SMKOs, which were completely protected from U46619-induced sudden death. Baseline blood pressures were normal in TP-SMKOs. However, the absence of TP receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells was associated with significant attenuation of angiotensin II-induced hypertension and diminished vascular remodeling. This was also associated with reduced urinary thromboxane production after chronic angiotensin II. Thus, TP receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells play a major role in mediating the actions of thromboxane A(2) in TP agonist-induced shock, hypertension, and vascular remodeling of the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Sparks
- Division of Nephrology and Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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27
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Furuya H, Wada M, Shimizu Y, Yamada PM, Hannun YA, Obeid LM, Kawamori T. Effect of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibition on blood pressure. FASEB J 2012; 27:656-64. [PMID: 23109673 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-219014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) plays a key role in carcinogenesis by regulating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Recent clinical studies have revealed that COX-2 inhibitors cause adverse cardiovascular side effects, likely due to inhibition of prostacyclin (PGI(2)). In this work, we investigated the roles of SphK1 inhibition on blood pressure (BP). The results show that lack of SphK1 expression did not exacerbate angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced acute hypertension, whereas celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, augmented and sustained higher BP in mice. Interestingly, SphK1-knockout mice inhibited prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) but not PGI(2) production in response to Ang II, whereas celecoxib blocked both PGE(2) and PGI(2) production. Mechanistically, SphK1 down-regulation by siRNA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells decreased cytokine-induced PGE(2) production primarily through inhibition of microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1), not COX-2. SphK1 down-regulation also decreased MKK6 expression, which phosphorylates and activates P38 MAPK, which, in turn, regulates early growth response-1 (Egr-1), a transcription factor of mPGES-1. Together, these data indicate that SphK1 regulates PGE(2) production by mPGES-1 expression via the p38 MAPK pathway, independent of COX-2 signaling, in endothelial cells, suggesting that SphK1 inhibition may be a promising strategy for cancer chemoprevention with lack of the adverse cardiovascular side effects associated with coxibs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Furuya
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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28
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Distinct roles of central and peripheral prostaglandin E2 and EP subtypes in blood pressure regulation. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:1042-9. [PMID: 22695507 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2012.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is a major prostanoid with a wide variety of biological activities. PGE(2) can influence blood pressure (BP) both positively and negatively. In particular, centrally administered PGE(2) induces hypertension whereas systemic administration of PGE(2) produces a hypotensive effect. These physiologically opposing effects are generated by the existence of multiple EP receptors, namely EP(1-4), which are G protein-coupled receptors with distinct signaling properties. This review highlights the distinct roles of PGE(2) in BP regulation and the involvement of specific EP receptor subtypes.
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29
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Smith WL, Urade Y, Jakobsson PJ. Enzymes of the cyclooxygenase pathways of prostanoid biosynthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5821-65. [PMID: 21942677 PMCID: PMC3285496 DOI: 10.1021/cr2002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William L Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 5301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5606, USA.
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30
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Swan CE, Breyer RM. Prostaglandin E2 modulation of blood pressure homeostasis: studies in rodent models. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2011; 96:10-3. [PMID: 21801847 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a well established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and is the leading cause of chronic kidney failure. Although a number of pharmacologic agents are available for the treatment of hypertension including agents that affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), unmet needs in the treatment of hypertension suggest that identification of novel pharmacological targets would be an important healthcare goal. One potential target is prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), a potent lipid mediator with a diverse and sometimes opposing range of biological effects. PGE(2) signals through four subtypes of G-protein coupled receptors designated EP1 through EP4. PGE(2) functions primarily as a vasodepressor; under certain conditions PGE(2) administration mediates vasopressor activity. This review focuses on the current understanding of the roles of PGE(2) receptors in vascular reactivity, hypertension and end-organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Swan
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2372, USA
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31
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Wang M, Ihida-Stansbury K, Kothapalli D, Tamby MC, Yu Z, Chen L, Grant G, Cheng Y, Lawson JA, Assoian RK, Jones PL, Fitzgerald GA. Microsomal prostaglandin e2 synthase-1 modulates the response to vascular injury. Circulation 2011; 123:631-9. [PMID: 21282500 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.110.973685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsomal (m) prostaglandin (PG) E₂ synthase (S)-1 catalyzes the formation of PGE₂ from PGH₂, a cyclooxygenase product that is derived from arachidonic acid. Previous studies in mice suggest that targeting mPGES-1 may be less likely to cause hypertension or thrombosis than cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibition or deletion in vivo. Indeed, deletion of mPGES-1 retards atherogenesis and angiotensin II-induced aortic aneurysm formation. The role of mPGES-1 in the response to vascular injury is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were subjected to wire injury of the femoral artery. Both neointimal area and vascular stenosis were significantly reduced 4 weeks after injury in mPGES-1 knockout mice compared with wild-type controls (65.6 ± 5.7 versus 37.7 ± 5.1 × 10³ pixel area and 70.5 ± 13.4% versus 47.7 ± 17.4%, respectively; P < 0.01). Induction of tenascin-C, a proproliferative and promigratory extracellular matrix protein, after injury was attenuated in the knockouts. Consistent with in vivo rediversion of PG biosynthesis, mPGES-1-deleted vascular smooth muscle cells generated less PGE₂ but more PGI₂ and expressed reduced tenascin-C compared with wild-type cells. Both suppression of PGE₂ and augmentation of PGI₂ attenuate tenascin-C expression and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of mPGES-1 in mice attenuates neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury, in part by regulating tenascin-C expression. This raises for consideration the therapeutic potential of mPGES-1 inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
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32
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Korotkova M, Jakobsson PJ. Microsomal prostaglandin e synthase-1 in rheumatic diseases. Front Pharmacol 2011; 1:146. [PMID: 21927605 PMCID: PMC3174088 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2010.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is a well-recognized target for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs that can reduce symptoms of inflammation in rheumatic diseases and other inflammatory conditions. In this review, we focus on mPGES-1 in rheumatic diseases with the aim to cover the most recent advances in the understanding of mPGES-1 in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory myopathies. Novel findings regarding regulation of mPGES-1 cell expression as well as enzyme inhibitors are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Korotkova
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
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Harding P, Yang XP, He Q, Lapointe MC. Lack of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 reduces cardiac function following angiotensin II infusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 300:H1053-61. [PMID: 21193590 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00772.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory previously reported that inducible PGE(2) synthase, mPGES-1, contributes to micromolar production of PGE(2) in neonatal ventricular myocytes in vitro, which stimulates their growth. We therefore hypothesized that mPGES-1 contributes to cardiac hypertrophy following angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion. To test this hypothesis, we used 10- to 12-wk-old mPGES-1 knockout mice (mPGES-1 KO) and C57Bl/6 control mice infused for 8 wk with either 1.4 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) ANG II or vehicle subcutaneously. Blood pressure [systolic blood pressure (SBP)] was measured throughout the study, and cardiac function was assessed by M-mode echocardiography at baseline and at 8 wk of infusion. At the conclusion of the study, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate collagen fraction, myocyte cross-sectional area (MCSA), and apoptosis. At baseline, there was no difference in SBP between mPGES-1 KO mice and C57BL/6 controls. ANG II infusion increased SBP to similar levels in both strains. In control mice, infusion of ANG II increased MCSA and posterior wall thickness at diastole (PWTd) but had little effect on cardiac function, consistent with compensatory hypertrophy. In contrast, cardiac function was worse in mPGES-1 KO mice after ANG II treatment. Ejection fraction declined from 76.2 ± 2.7 to 63.3 ± 3.4% after ANG II, and left ventricular dimension at systole and diastole increased from 1.29 ± 0.02 to 1.78 ± 0.15 mm and from 2.57 ± 0.03 to 2.90 ± 0.13 mm, respectively. Infusion of ANG II increased both the LV-to-body weight and the mass-to-body weight ratios to a similar extent in both strains. However, PWTd increased by a lesser extent in KO mice, suggesting an impaired hypertrophic response. ANG II infusion increased collagen staining similarly in both strains, but TdT-dUTP nick end labeling staining was greater in mPGES-1 KO mice. Overall, these results are consistent with a beneficial effect for mPGES-1 in the maintenance of cardiac function in ANG II-dependent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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Enhanced pressor response to acute Ang II infusion in mice lacking membrane-associated prostaglandin E2 synthase-1. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31:1284-92. [PMID: 20871624 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the contribution of vascular membrane-associated prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) to acute blood pressure homeostasis. METHODS Angiotensin II (AngII, 75 pmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) was continuously infused via the jugular vein into wild-type and mPGES-1(-/-) mice for 30 min, and blood pressure was measured by carotid arterial catheterization. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression and localization of mPGES-1 in the mouse arterial vessels. Mesenteric arteries were dissected from mice of both genotypes to study vessel tension and measure vascular PGE2 levels. RESULTS Wild-type and mPGES-1(-/-) mice showed similar blood pressure levels at baseline, and the acute intravenous infusion of AngII caused a greater increase in mean arterial pressure in the mPGES-1(-/-) group, with a similar diuretic and natriuretic response in both groups. mPGES-1 was constitutively expressed in the aortic and mesenteric arteries and vascular smooth muscle cells of wild-type mice. Strong staining was detected in the smooth muscle layer of arterial vessels. Ex vivo treatment of mesenteric arteries with AngII produced more vasodilatory PGE2 in wild-type than in mPGES-1(-/-) mice. In vitro tension assays further revealed that the mesenteric arteries of mPGES-1(-/-) mice exhibited a greater vasopressor response to AngII than those arteries of wild-type mice. CONCLUSION Vascular mPGES-1 acts as an important tonic vasodilator, contributing to acute blood pressure regulation.
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