1
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Bryson TD, Bhat SY, Moore C, Taube D, Xu J, Peterson E, Harding P. Targeted Gene Deletion or Antagonism of the Prostaglandin E2 EP3 Receptor Protects Against Cardiac Injury Postmyocardial Infarction. Circ Heart Fail 2024; 17:e011089. [PMID: 38525608 PMCID: PMC11008451 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.011089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandin E2 acts through 4 G-protein-coupled receptors (EP1-EP4). We previously reported that activation of the EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility, and its expression increases after a myocardial infarction (MI), mediating the reduction in cardiac function. In contrast, cardiac overexpression of the EP4 receptor in MI substantially improves cardiac function. Moreover, we recently reported that mice overexpressing EP3 have heart failure under basal conditions and worsened cardiac function after MI. Thus, the deleterious effects of the prostaglandin E2 EP receptors in the heart are mediated via its EP3 receptor. We, therefore, hypothesized that cardiomyocyte-specific knockout (CM-EP3 KO) or antagonism of the EP3 receptor protects the heart after MI. METHODS To test our hypothesis, we made the novel CM-EP3 KO mouse and subjected CM-EP3 KO or controls to sham or MI surgery for 2 weeks. In separate experiments, C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 2 weeks of MI and treated with either the EP3 antagonist L798 106 or vehicle starting 3 days post-MI. RESULTS CM-EP3 KO significantly prevented a decline in cardiac function after MI compared with WT animals and prevented an increase in hypertrophy and fibrosis. Excitingly, mice treated with L798 106 3 days after MI had significantly better cardiac function compared with vehicle-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these data suggest that EP3 may play a direct role in regulating cardiac function, and pharmaceutical targeting of the EP3 receptor may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of heart failure.
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MESH Headings
- Mice
- Animals
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Dinoprostone/pharmacology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/metabolism
- Gene Deletion
- Heart Failure/drug therapy
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/prevention & control
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocardial Infarction
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Bryson
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (T.D.B., S.B., C.M., D.T., J.X., P.H.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
| | - Shaheen Y. Bhat
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (T.D.B., S.B., C.M., D.T., J.X., P.H.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (S.B., P.H.)
| | - Carlin Moore
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (T.D.B., S.B., C.M., D.T., J.X., P.H.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
| | - David Taube
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (T.D.B., S.B., C.M., D.T., J.X., P.H.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (T.D.B., S.B., C.M., D.T., J.X., P.H.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
- Department of Cardiovascular Research (J.X.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (T.D.B., S.B., C.M., D.T., J.X., P.H.), Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (S.B., P.H.)
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2
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Bryson TD, Zurek M, Moore C, Taube D, Datta I, Levin A, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 affects mitochondrial function in adult mouse cardiomyocytes and hearts. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2024; 201:102614. [PMID: 38471265 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals differently through 4 receptor subtypes (EP1-EP4) to elicit diverse physiologic/pathologic effects. We previously reported that PGE2 via its EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility and male mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the EP4 receptor (EP4 KO) develop dilated cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to identify pathways responsible for this phenotype. We performed ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and found that genes differentiating WT mice and EP4 KO mice were significantly overrepresented in mitochondrial (adj. p value = 6.28 × 10-26) and oxidative phosphorylation (adj. p value = 1.58 × 10-27) pathways. Electron microscopy from the EP4 KO hearts show substantial mitochondrial disarray and disordered cristae. Not surprisingly, isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes (AVM) from these mice have reduced ATP levels compared to their WT littermates and reduced expression of key genes involved in the electron transport chain (ETC) in older mice. Moreover, treatment of AVM from C57Bl/6 mice with PGE2 or the EP3 agonist sulprostone resulted in changes of various genes involved in the ETC, measured by the Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism RT2-profiler assay. Lastly, the EP4 KO mice have reduced expression of superoxide dismuatse-2 (SOD2), whereas treatment of AVM with PGE2 or sulprostone increase superoxide production, suggesting increased oxidative stress levels in these EP4 KO mice. Altogether the current study supports the premise that PGE2 acting via its EP4 receptor is protective, while signaling through its other receptors, likely EP3, is deleterious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Zurek
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Carlin Moore
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Taube
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Indrani Datta
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Albert Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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3
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Bryson TD, Harding P. Prostaglandin E 2 and myocarditis; friend or foe? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115813. [PMID: 37722627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
This review article summarizes the role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its receptors (EP1-EP4) as it relates to the inflammatory cardiomyopathy, myocarditis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the onset of myocarditis in a subset of patients prompted a debate on the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, which act to inhibit the actions of prostaglandins. This review aims to further understanding of the role of PGE2 in the pathogenesis or protection of the myocardium in myocarditis. Inflammatory cardiomyopathies encompass a broad spectrum of disorders, all characterized by cardiac inflammation. Therefore, for the purpose of this review, the authors have placed particular emphasis on etiologies of myocarditis where effects of PGE2 have been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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4
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Man Y, Li W, Yap YT, Kearney A, Yee SP, Strauss JF, Harding P, Song S, Zhang L, Zhang Z. Generation of floxed Spag6l mice and disruption of the gene by crossing to a Hprt-Cre line. Genesis 2023; 61:e23512. [PMID: 37058328 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Mouse sperm-associated antigen 6 like (SPAG6L) is an axoneme central apparatus protein, essential for the normal function of the ependymal cell and lung cilia, and sperm flagella. Accumulated evidence has disclosed multiple biological functions of SPAG6L, including ciliary/flagellar biogenesis and polarization, neurogenesis, and neuronal migration. Conventional Spag6l knockout mice died of hydrocephalus, which impedes further investigation of the function of the gene in vivo. To overcome the limitation of the short lifespan of conventional knockout mice, we developed a conditional allele by inserting two loxP sites in the genome flanking exon 3 of the Spag6l gene. By crossing the floxed Spag6l mice to a Hrpt-Cre line which expresses Cre recombinase ubiquitously in vivo, mutant mice that are missing SPAG6L globally were obtained. Homozygous mutant Spag6l mice showed normal appearance within the first week after birth, but reduced body size was observed after 1 week, and all developed hydrocephalus and died within 4 weeks of age. The phenotype mirrored that of the conventional Spag6l knockout mice. The newly established floxed Spag6l model provides a powerful tool to further investigate the role of the Spag6l gene in individual cell types and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Man
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yi Tian Yap
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Alivia Kearney
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Health Center, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jerome F Strauss
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shizheng Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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5
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Pan G, Roy B, Harding P, Lanigan T, Hilgarth R, Thandavarayan RA, Palaniyandi SS. Effects of intracardiac delivery of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene in myocardial salvage. Gene Ther 2023; 30:115-121. [PMID: 35606494 PMCID: PMC9684354 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)2, a cardiac mitochondrial enzyme, is vital in detoxifying 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE) like cellular reactive carbonyl species (RCS) and thereby conferring cardiac protection against pathological stress. It was also known that a single point mutation (E487K) in ALDH2 (prevalent in East Asians) known as ALDH2*2 reduces its activity intrinsically and was associated with increased cardiovascular diseases. We and others have shown that ALDH2 activity is reduced in several pathologies in WT animals as well. Thus, exogenous augmentation of ALDH2 activity is a good strategy to protect the myocardium from pathologies. In this study, we will test the efficacy of intracardiac injections of the ALDH2 gene in mice. We injected both wild type (WT) and ALDH2*2 knock-in mutant mice with ALDH2 constructs, AAv9-cTNT-hALDH2-HA tag-P2A-eGFP or their control constructs, AAv9-cTNT-eGFP. We found that intracardiac ALDH2 gene transfer increased myocardial levels of ALDH2 compared to GFP alone after 1 and 3 weeks. When we subjected the hearts of these mice to 30 min global ischemia and 90 min reperfusion (I-R) using the Langendorff perfusion system, we found reduced infarct size in the hearts of mice with ALDH2 gene vs GFP alone. A single time injection has shown increased myocardial ALDH2 activity for at least 3 weeks and reduced myocardial 4HNE adducts and infarct size along with increased contractile function of the hearts while subjected to I-R. Thus, ALDH2 overexpression protected the myocardium from I-R injury by reducing 4HNE protein adducts implicating increased 4HNE detoxification by ALDH2. In conclusion, intracardiac ALDH2 gene transfer is an effective strategy to protect the myocardium from pathological insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Pan
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Bipradas Roy
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Thomas Lanigan
- Vector Core, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Roland Hilgarth
- Vector Core, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rajarajan A Thandavarayan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Suresh Selvaraj Palaniyandi
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. .,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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6
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Maxwell DL, Bryson TD, Taube D, Xu J, Peterson E, Harding P. Deleterious effects of cardiomyocyte-specific prostaglandin E2 EP3 receptor overexpression on cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Life Sci 2023; 313:121277. [PMID: 36521546 PMCID: PMC9805516 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a lipid hormone that signals through 4 different G-protein coupled receptor subtypes which act to regulate key physiological processes. Our laboratory has previously reported that PGE2 through its EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility at the level of isolated cardiomyocytes and in the isolated working heart preparation. We therefore hypothesized that cardiomyocyte specific overexpression of the PGE2 EP3 receptor further decreases cardiac function in a mouse model of heart failure produced by myocardial infarction. MAIN METHODS Our study tested this hypothesis using EP3 transgenic mice (EP3 TG), which overexpress the porcine analogue of human EP3 in the cardiomyocytes, and their wildtype (WT) littermates. Mice were analyzed 2 wks after myocardial infarction (MI) or sham operation by echocardiography, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and histology. KEY FINDINGS We found that the EP3 TG sham controls had a reduced ejection fraction, reduced fractional shortening, and an increased left ventricular dimension at systole and diastole compared to the WT sham controls. Moreover, there was a further reduction in the EP3 TG mice after myocardial infarction. Additionally, single-cell analysis of cardiomyocytes isolated from EP3 TG mice showed reduced contractility under basal conditions. Overexpression of EP3 significantly increased cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial collagen fraction, macrophage, and T-cell infiltration in the sham operated group. Interestingly, after MI, there were no changes in hypertrophy but there were changes in collagen fraction, and inflammatory cell infiltration. SIGNIFICANCE Overexpression of EP3 reduces cardiac function under basal conditions and this is exacerbated after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- DruAnne L Maxwell
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA; Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Taube
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA; Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA.
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7
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Bryson TD, Maxwell D, Taube D, Xu J, Peterson E, Harding P. Abstract P313: Knockout Or Antagonism Of The Prostaglandin E2 Ep3 Receptor Is Protective In A Mouse Model Of Myocardial Infarction. Hypertension 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.79.suppl_1.p313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E
2
is an autacoid that acts through 4 G-protein-coupled receptors (EP1-EP4). We previously reported that expression of the EP3 receptor increases after myocardial infarction (MI) and mediates reduced cardiac function. Moreover, we reported that a selective EP3 antagonist (L798,106) prevents reduced cardiac function in Angiotensin II hypertension. We therefore hypothesized that cardiomyocyte specific knock-out and/or pharmacological inhibition of EP3 protects the heart from cardiac dysfunction after MI. To test our hypothesis, we created a conditional cardiomyocyte-specific EP3 knockout mouse (EP3 KO) by crossing EP3
fl
/
fl
mice with a tamoxifen-inducible αMHC-MerCreMer mouse. Fifteen-week-old male EP3 KO and EP3
fl
/
fl
underwent sham or MI surgery. After 2 wks cardiac function was assessed by echo and western blot was performed. There were no significant differences in cardiac function between strains after sham operation. After MI, EP3
fl/fl
mice showed significant reductions in ejection fraction (EF;68 ± 5.6 % sham vs 49.1 ± 5.2 % MI; p<0.05), coupled with increased left ventricle dimension at systole (LVDs;1.12 ± 0.08 mm sham vs 2.08 ± 0.34 mm MI; p< 0.05). However, these changes were not observed for EP3 KO mice post-MI. EF was 73.1 ± 0.68% in sham vs 69.0 ± 0.81% for MI; and LVDs was 1.09 ± 0.05 in sham vs 1.09 ± 0.04 for MI. Additionally, phosphorylated phospholamban protein levels were significantly reduced after MI in EP3
fl/fl
mice (1.14 ± 0.2 A.U. in sham to 0.42 ± 0.2 A.U. in MI; p<0.05) whereas they were not altered after MI in EP3 KO mice (1.37 ± 0.5 A.U. in sham to 1.55 ± 0.4 A.U. in MI). We next determined whether daily treatment with L798, 106 would improve cardiac function post MI. C57BL/6 mice were subject to MI and assigned to vehicle or L798,106 treatment groups (40 μg/Kg/day, s.c.) 3 days post-surgery. After 2 wks, EF was improved from 36.4 ± 4.6 % in vehicle-treated mice to 47.3 ± 5.1% in mice receiving L798,106. Fractional shortening also was improved from 17.6 ± 2.5 % in vehicle-treated mice to 24.0 ± 2.9% in L798,106 -treated mice. Altogether, these data suggest that EP3 may play a direct role in regulating cardiac function and future experiments are warranted to investigate the use of an EP3 antagonist as a potential therapeutic in heart failure.
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8
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Marchivie M, Guionneau P, Chastanet G, Ketkaew R, Tantirungrotechai Y, Harding P, Harding D. Octahedral distortion through the CSD to reveal structure–properties relationship in spin crossover complexes. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327332209057x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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9
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Yap YT, Li W, Zhou Q, Haj-Diab S, Chowdhury DD, Vaishnav A, Harding P, Williams DC, Edwards BF, Strauss JF, Zhang Z. The Ancient and Evolved Mouse Sperm-Associated Antigen 6 Genes Have Different Biologic Functions In Vivo. Cells 2022; 11:336. [PMID: 35159146 PMCID: PMC8834003 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm-associated antigen 6 (SPAG6) is the mammalian orthologue of Chlamydomonas PF16, an axonemal central pair protein involved in flagellar motility. In mice, two Spag6 genes have been identified. The ancestral gene, on mouse chromosome 2, is named Spag6. A related gene originally called Spag6, localized on mouse chromosome 16, evolved from the ancient Spag6 gene. It has been renamed Spag6-like (Spag6l). Spag6 encodes a 1.6 kb transcript consisting of 11 exons, while Spag6l encodes a 2.4 kb transcript which contains an additional non-coding exon in the 3'-end as well as the 11 exons found in Spag6. The two Spag6 genes share high similarities in their nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Unlike Spag6l mRNA, which is widely expressed, Spag6 mRNA expression is limited to a smaller number of tissues, including the testis and brain. In transfected mammalian cells, SPAG6/GFP is localized on microtubules, a similar localization as SPAG6L. A global Spag6l knockout mouse model was generated previously. In addition to a role in modulating the ciliary beat, SPAG6L has many unexpected functions, including roles in the regulation of ciliogenesis/spermatogenesis, hearing, and the immunological synapse, among others. To investigate the role of the ancient Spag6 gene, we phenotyped global Spag6 knockout mice. All homozygous mutant mice were grossly normal, and fertility was not affected in both males and females. The homozygous males had normal sperm parameters, including sperm number, motility, and morphology. Examination of testis histology revealed normal spermatogenesis. Testicular protein expression levels of selected SPAG6L binding partners, including SPAG16L, were not changed in the Spag6 knockout mice, even though the SPAG16L level was significantly reduced in the Spag6l knockout mice. Structural analysis of the two SPAG6 proteins shows that both adopt very similar folds, with differences in a few amino acids, many of which are solvent-exposed. These differences endow the two proteins with different functional characteristics, even though both have eight armadillo repeats that mediate protein-protein interaction. Our studies suggest that SPAG6 and SPAG6L have different functions in vivo, with the evolved SPAG6L protein being more important. Since the two proteins have some overlapping binding partners, SPAG6 could have functions that are yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian Yap
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Y.T.Y.); (W.L.); (Q.Z.); (S.H.-D.)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Y.T.Y.); (W.L.); (Q.Z.); (S.H.-D.)
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Y.T.Y.); (W.L.); (Q.Z.); (S.H.-D.)
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Sarah Haj-Diab
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Y.T.Y.); (W.L.); (Q.Z.); (S.H.-D.)
| | - Dipanwita Dutta Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (D.D.C.); (A.V.); (B.F.E.)
| | - Asmita Vaishnav
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (D.D.C.); (A.V.); (B.F.E.)
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - David C. Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Brian F. Edwards
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (D.D.C.); (A.V.); (B.F.E.)
| | - Jerome F. Strauss
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Y.T.Y.); (W.L.); (Q.Z.); (S.H.-D.)
- The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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10
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Bryson TD, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 EP receptors in cardiovascular disease: An update. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 195:114858. [PMID: 34822808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an update for the role of prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) in cardiovascular disease. Where possible we have reported citations from the last decade although this was not possible for all of the topics covered due to the paucity of publications. The authors have attempted to cover the subjects of ischemia-reperfusion injury, arrhythmias, hypertension, novel protein binding partners of the EP receptors and their pathophysiological significance, and cardiac regeneration. These latter two topics bring studies of the EP receptors into new and exciting areas of research that are just beginning to be explored. Where there is peer-reviewed literature, the authors have placed particular emphasis on clinical studies although these are limited in number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
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Bryson TD, Pandrangi TS, Khan SZ, Xu J, Pavlov TS, Ortiz PA, Peterson E, Harding P. The deleterious role of the prostaglandin E 2 EP 3 receptor in angiotensin II hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H867-H882. [PMID: 32142358 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00538.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (ANG II) plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and inflammation. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals through four different G protein-coupled receptors, eliciting a variety of effects. We reported that activation of the EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility. More recently, we have shown that overexpression of the EP4 receptor is protective in a mouse myocardial infarction model. We hypothesize in this study that the relative abundance of EP3 and EP4 receptors is a major determinant of end-organ damage in the diseased heart. Thus EP3 is detrimental to cardiac function and promotes inflammation, whereas antagonism of the EP3 receptor is protective in an ANG II hypertension (HTN) model. To test our hypothesis, male 10- to 12-wk-old C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and osmotic minipumps containing ANG II were implanted subcutaneously for 2 wk. We found that antagonism of the EP3 receptor using L798,106 significantly attenuated the increase in blood pressure with ANG II infusion. Moreover, antagonism of the EP3 receptor prevented a decline in cardiac function after ANG II treatment. We also found that 10- to 12-wk-old EP3-transgenic mice, which overexpress EP3 in the cardiomyocytes, have worsened cardiac function. In conclusion, activation or overexpression of EP3 exacerbates end-organ damage in ANG II HTN. In contrast, antagonism of the EP3 receptor is beneficial and reduces cardiac dysfunction, inflammation, and HTN.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to show that systemic treatment with an EP3 receptor antagonist (L798,106) attenuates the angiotensin II-induced increase in blood pressure in mice. The results from this project could complement existing hypertension therapies by combining blockade of the EP3 receptor with antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Teja S Pandrangi
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Safa Z Khan
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Tengis S Pavlov
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Pablo A Ortiz
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
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12
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Madissoon E, Wilbrey-Clark A, Miragaia RJ, Saeb-Parsy K, Mahbubani KT, Georgakopoulos N, Harding P, Polanski K, Huang N, Nowicki-Osuch K, Fitzgerald RC, Loudon KW, Ferdinand JR, Clatworthy MR, Tsingene A, van Dongen S, Dabrowska M, Patel M, Stubbington MJT, Teichmann SA, Stegle O, Meyer KB. scRNA-seq assessment of the human lung, spleen, and esophagus tissue stability after cold preservation. Genome Biol 2019; 21:1. [PMID: 31892341 PMCID: PMC6937944 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Human Cell Atlas is a large international collaborative effort to map all cell types of the human body. Single-cell RNA sequencing can generate high-quality data for the delivery of such an atlas. However, delays between fresh sample collection and processing may lead to poor data and difficulties in experimental design. RESULTS This study assesses the effect of cold storage on fresh healthy spleen, esophagus, and lung from ≥ 5 donors over 72 h. We collect 240,000 high-quality single-cell transcriptomes with detailed cell type annotations and whole genome sequences of donors, enabling future eQTL studies. Our data provide a valuable resource for the study of these 3 organs and will allow cross-organ comparison of cell types. We see little effect of cold ischemic time on cell yield, total number of reads per cell, and other quality control metrics in any of the tissues within the first 24 h. However, we observe a decrease in the proportions of lung T cells at 72 h, higher percentage of mitochondrial reads, and increased contamination by background ambient RNA reads in the 72-h samples in the spleen, which is cell type specific. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we present robust protocols for tissue preservation for up to 24 h prior to scRNA-seq analysis. This greatly facilitates the logistics of sample collection for Human Cell Atlas or clinical studies since it increases the time frames for sample processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Madissoon
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD UK
| | - A. Wilbrey-Clark
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - R. J. Miragaia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - K. Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - K. T. Mahbubani
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - N. Georgakopoulos
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - P. Harding
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - K. Polanski
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - N. Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - K. Nowicki-Osuch
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
| | - R. C. Fitzgerald
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ UK
| | - K. W. Loudon
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - J. R. Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - M. R. Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - A. Tsingene
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - S. van Dongen
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - M. Dabrowska
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - M. Patel
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - M. J. T. Stubbington
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
- 10x Genomics Inc., 6230 Stoneridge Mall Road, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA
| | - S. A. Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - O. Stegle
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD UK
| | - K. B. Meyer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
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13
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Bryson TD, Ross J, Peterson E, Harding P. Prostaglandin E 2 and an EP4 receptor agonist inhibit LPS-Induced monocyte chemotactic protein 5 production and secretion in mouse cardiac fibroblasts via Akt and NF-κB signaling. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 144:106349. [PMID: 31229524 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals through 4 separate G-protein coupled receptor sub-types to elicit a variety of physiologic and pathophysiological effects. We have previously reported that mice lacking the EP4 receptor in the cardiomyocytes develop heart failure with a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. Also, these mice have increased levels of chemokines, like MCP-5, in their left ventricles. We have recently reported that overexpression of the EP4 receptor could improve cardiac function in the myocardial infarction model. Furthermore, we showed that overexpression of EP4 had an anti-inflammatory effect in the whole left ventricle. It has also been shown that PGE2 can antagonize lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of chemokines/cytokines in various cell types. We therefore hypothesized that PGE2 inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MCP-5 secretion in adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts via its EP4 receptor. METHODS AND RESULTS Our hypothesis was tested using isolated mouse adult ventricular fibroblasts (AVF) treated with LPS. Pre-treatment of the cells with PGE2 and the EP4 agonist CAY10598 resulted in reductions of the pro-inflammatory response induced by LPS. Specifically, we observed reductions in MCP-5 secretion. Western blot analysis showed reductions in phosphorylated Akt and IκBα indicating reduced NF-κB activation. The anti-inflammatory effects of PGE2 and EP4 agonist signaling appeared to be independent of cAMP, p-44/42, or p38 pathways. CONCLUSION Exogenous treatment of PGE2 and the EP4 receptor agonist blocked the pro-inflammatory actions of LPS. Mechanistically, this was mediated via reduced Akt phosphorylation and inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Dept. Internal Medicine, USA; Dept. of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jacob Ross
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Dept. Internal Medicine, USA
| | - Edward Peterson
- Dept. of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Dept. Internal Medicine, USA; Dept. of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA.
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14
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Bryson TD, Ross JE, Peterson E, Harding P. Prostaglandin E
2
Inhibits LPS‐Induced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 5 in Adult Cardiac Fibroblasts Through its EP4 Receptor via Reduced Akt and NF‐κB Signaling. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.374.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Dean Bryson
- PhysiologyWayne State UniversityDetroitMI
- Hypertension & Vasc. ResearchHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
| | - Jacob E Ross
- Hypertension & Vasc. ResearchHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
| | | | - Pamela Harding
- PhysiologyWayne State UniversityDetroitMI
- Hypertension & Vasc. ResearchHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
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15
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Triolo TM, Fouts A, Pyle L, Yu L, Gottlieb PA, Steck AK, Greenbaum CJ, Atkinson M, Baidal D, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Clements M, Colman P, DiMeglio L, Gitelman S, Goland R, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Knip M, Krischer J, Lernmark A, Moore W, Moran A, Muir A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Raskin P, Redondo M, Rodriguez H, Russell W, Spain L, Schatz D, Sosenko J, Wentworth J, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Anderson M, Antinozzi P, Benoist C, Blum J, Bourcier K, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Insel R, Kaufman F, Kay T, Leschek E, Mahon J, Marks J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Pugliese A, Roep B, Roncarolo M, Savage P, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Skyler J, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Bourcier K, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Insel R, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Rafkin L, Sosenko JM, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Krischer JP, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Dixit S, Pasha M, King K, Adcock H, Atterberry L, Fox K, Englert N, Mauras J, Permuy K, Sikes T, Adams T, Berhe B, Guendling L, McLennan L, Paganessi C, Murphy M, Draznin M, Kamboj S, Sheppard V, Lewis L, Coates W, Amado D, Moore G, Babar J, Bedard D, Brenson-Hughes J, Cernich M, Clements R, Duprau S, Goodman L, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz A, Asif I, Karmazin T, Letjen S, Raman D, Morin W, Bestermann E, Morawski J, White A, Brockmyer R, Bays S, Campbell A, Boonstra M, Stapleton N, Stone A, Donoho H, Everett H, Hensley M, Johnson C, Marshall N, Skirvin P, Taylor R, Williams L, Burroughs C, Ray C, Wolverton D, Nickels C, Dothard P, Speiser M, Pellizzari L, Bokor K, Izuora S, Abdelnour P, Cummings S, Cuthbertson D, Paynor M, Leahy M, Riedl S, Shockley R, Saad T, Briones S, Casella C, Herz K, Walsh J, Greening F, Deemer M, Hay S, Hunt N, Sikotra L, Simons D, Karounos R, Oremus L, Dye L, Myers D, Ballard W, Miers R, Eberhard C, Sparks K, Thraikill K, Edwards J, Fowlkes S, Kemp A, Morales L, Holland L, Johnson P, Paul A, Ghatak K, Fiske S, Phelen H, Leyland T, Henderson D, Brenner E, Oppenheimer I, Mamkin C, Moniz C, Clarson M, Lovell A, Peters V, Ford J, Ruelas D, Borut D, Burt M, Jordan S, Castilla P, Flores M, Ruiz L, Hanson J, Green-Blair R, Sheridan K, Garmeson J, Wintergerst G, Pierce A, Omoruyi M, Foster S, Kingery A, Lunsford I, Cervantes T, Parker P, Price J, Urben I, Guillette H, Doughty H, Haydock V, Parker P, Bergman S, Duncum C, Rodda A, Perelman R, Calendo C, Barrera E, Arce-Nunez Y, Geyer S, Martinez M, De la Portilla I, Cardenas L, Garrido M, Villar R, Lorini E, Calandra G, D’Annuzio K, Perri N, Minuto C, Hays B, Rebora R, Callegari O, Ali J, Kramer B, Auble S, Cabrera P, Donohoue R, Fiallo-Scharer M, Hessner P, Wolfgram A, Henderson C, Kansra N, Bettin R, McCuller A, Miller S, Accacha J, Corrigan E, Fiore R, Levine T, Mahoney C, Polychronakos V, Henry M, Gagne H, Starkman M, Fox D, Chin F, Melchionne L, Silverman I, Marshall L, Cerracchio J, Cruz A, Viswanathan J, Heyman K, Wilson S, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn A, Lala P, Clesi M, Genet G, Uwaifo A, Charron T, Allerton W, Hsiao B, Cefalu L, Melendez-Ramirez R, Richards C, Alleyn E, Gustafson M, Lizanna J, Wahlen S, Aleiwe M, Hansen H, Wahlen C, Karges C, Levy A, Bonaccorso R, Rapaport Y, Tomer D, Chia M, Goldis L, Iazzetti M, Klein C, Levister L, Waldman E, Keaton N, Wallach M, Regelmann Z, Antal M, Aranda C, Reynholds A, Vinik P, Barlow M, Bourcier M, Nevoret J, Couper S, Kinderman A, Beresford N, Thalagne H, Roper J, Gibbons J, Hill S, Balleaut C, Brennan J, Ellis-Gage L, Fear T, Gray L, Law P, Jones C, McNerney L, Pointer N, Price K, Few D, Tomlinson N, Leech D, Wake C, Owens M, Burns J, Leinbach A, Wotherspoon A, Murray K, Short G, Curry S, Kelsey J, Lawson J, Porter S, Stevens E, Thomson S, Winship L, Liu S, Wynn E, Wiltshire J, Krebs P, Cresswell H, Faherty C, Ross L, Denvir J, Drew T, Randell P, Mansell S, Lloyd J, Bell S, Butler Y, Hooton H, Navarra A, Roper G, Babington L, Crate H, Cripps A, Ledlie C, Moulds R, Malloy J, Norton B, Petrova O, Silkstone C, Smith K, Ghai M, Murray V, Viswanathan M, Henegan O, Kawadry J, Olson L, Maddox K, Patterson T, Ahmad B, Flores D, Domek S, Domek K, Copeland M, George J, Less T, Davis M, Short A, Martin J, Dwarakanathan P, O’Donnell B, Boerner L, Larson M, Phillips M, Rendell K, Larson C, Smith K, Zebrowski L, Kuechenmeister M, Miller J, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels H, Speer N, Forghani R, Quintana C, Reh A, Bhangoo P, Desrosiers L, Ireland T, Misla C, Milliot E, Torres S, Wells J, Villar M, Yu D, Berry D, Cook J, Soder A, Powell M, Ng M, Morrison Z, Moore M, Haslam M, Lawson B, Bradley J, Courtney C, Richardson C, Watson E, Keely D, DeCurtis M, Vaccarcello-Cruz Z, Torres K, Muller S, Sandberg H, Hsiang B, Joy D, McCormick A, Powell H, Jones J, Bell S, Hargadon S, Hudson M, Kummer S, Nguyen T, Sauder E, Sutton K, Gensel R, Aguirre-Castaneda V, Benavides, Lopez D, Hemp S, Allen J, Stear E, Davis T, O’Donnell R, Jones A, Roberts J, Dart N, Paramalingam L, Levitt Katz N, Chaudhary K, Murphy S, Willi B, Schwartzman C, Kapadia D, Roberts A, Larson D, McClellan G, Shaibai L, Kelley G, Villa C, Kelley R, Diamond M, Kabbani T, Dajani F, Hoekstra M, Sadler K, Magorno J, Holst V, Chauhan N, Wilson P, Bononi M, Sperl A, Millward M, Eaton L, Dean J, Olshan H, Stavros T, Renna C, Milliard, Brodksy L, Bacon J, Quintos L, Topor S, Bialo B, Bancroft A, Soto W, Lagarde H, Tamura R, Lockemer T, Vanderploeg M, Ibrahim M, Huie V, Sanchez R, Edelen R, Marchiando J, Palmer T, Repas M, Wasson P, Wood K, Auker J, Culbertson T, Kieffer D, Voorhees T, Borgwardt L, DeRaad K, Eckert E, Isaacson H, Kuhn A, Carroll M, Xu P, Schubert G, Francis S, Hagan T, Le M, Penn E, Wickham C, Leyva K, Rivera J, Padilla I, Rodriguez N, Young K, Jospe J, Czyzyk B, Johnson U, Nadgir N, Marlen G, Prakasam C, Rieger N, Glaser E, Heiser B, Harris C, Alies P, Foster H, Slater K, Wheeler D, Donaldson M, Murray D, Hale R, Tragus D, Word J, Lynch L, Pankratz W, Badias F, Rogers R, Newfield S, Holland M, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk A, Philis-Tsimikas R, Rosal S, Franklin S, Guardado N, Bohannon M, Baker A, Garcia T, Aguinaldo J, Phan V, Barraza D, Cohen J, Pinsker U, Khan J, Wiley L, Jovanovic P, Misra M, Bassi M, Wright D, Cohen K, Huang M, Skiles S, Maxcy C, Pihoker K, Cochrane J, Fosse S, Kearns M, Klingsheim N, Beam C, Wright L, Viles H, Smith S, Heller M, Cunningham A, Daniels L, Zeiden J, Field R, Walker K, Griffin L, Boulware D, Bartholow C, Erickson J, Howard B, Krabbenhoft C, Sandman A, Vanveldhuizen J, Wurlger A, Zimmerman K, Hanisch L, Davis-Keppen A, Bounmananh L, Cotterill J, Kirby M, Harris A, Schmidt C, Kishiyama C, Flores J, Milton W, Martin C, Whysham A, Yerka T, Bream S, Freels J, Hassing J, Webster R, Green P, Carter J, Galloway D, Hoelzer S, Roberts S, Said P, Sullivan H, Freeman D, Allen E, Reiter E, Feinberg C, Johnson L, Newhook D, Hagerty N, White L, Levandoski J, Kyllo M, Johnson C, Gough J, Benoit P, Iyer F, Diamond H, Hosono S, Jackman L, Barette P, Jones I, Sills S, Bzdick J, Bulger R, Ginem J, Weinstock I, Douek R, Andrews G, Modgill G, Gyorffy L, Robin N, Vaidya S, Crouch K, O’Brien C, Thompson N, Granger M, Thorne J, Blumer J, Kalic L, Klepek J, Paulett B, Rosolowski J, Horner M, Watkins J, Casey K, Carpenter C, Michelle Kieffer MH, Burns J, Horton C, Pritchard D, Soetaert A, Wynne C, Chin O, Molina C, Patel R, Senguttuvan M, Wheeler O, Lane P, Furet C, Steuhm D, Jelley S, Goudeau L, Chalmers D, Greer C, Panagiotopoulos D, Metzger D, Nguyen M, Horowitz M, Linton C, Christiansen E, Glades C, Morimoto M, Macarewich R, Norman K, Patin C, Vargas A, Barbanica A, Yu P, Vaidyanathan W, Nallamshetty L, Osborne R, Mehra S, Kaster S, Neace J, Horner G, Reeves C, Cordrey L, Marrs T, Miller S, Dowshen D, Oduah V, Doyle S, Walker D, Catte H, Dean M, Drury-Brown B, Hackman M, Lee S, Malkani K, Cullen K, Johnson P, Parrimon Y, Hampton M, McCarrell C, Curtis E, Paul, Zambrano Y, Paulus K, Pilger J, Ramiro J, Luvon Ritzie AQ, Sharma A, Shor A, Song X, Terry A, Weinberger J, Wootten M, Lachin JM, Foulkes M, Harding P, Krause-Steinrauf H, McDonough S, McGee PF, Owens Hess K, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Leschek E, Spain L, Savage P, Aas S, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Vigersky R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Veatch R, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Leschek E, Marks J, Matheson D, Rafkin L, Rodriguez H, Spain L, Wilson D, Redondo M, Gomez D, McDonald A, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Shippy K, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Pat Gallagher M, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Pugliese A, Sanders-Branca N, Ray Arce LA, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Peterson Eck S, Finney L, Albright Fischer T, Martin A, Jacqueline Muzamhindo C, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Jo Ricci M, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Teresa Muscato M, Viscardi M, Bingley P, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del A, Rio A, Logan H, Collier C, Rishton G, Whalley A, Ali S, Ramtoola T, Quattrin L, Mastrandea A, House M, Ecker C, Huang C, Gougeon J, Ho D, Pacuad D, Dunger J, May C, O’Brien C, Acerini B, Salgin A, Thankamony R, Williams J, Buse G, Fuller M, Duclos J, Tricome H, Brown D, Pittard D, Bowlby A, Blue T, Headley S, Bendre K, Lewis K, Sutphin C, Soloranzo J, Puskaric H, 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Manning G, Hendry B, Taylor S, Jones W, Strader M, Bencomo T, Bailey L, Bedolla C, Roldan C, Moudiotis B, Vaidya C, Anning S, Bunce S, Estcourt E, Folland E, Gordon C, Harrill J, Ireland J, Piper L, Scaife K, Sutton S, Wilkins M, Costelloe J, Palmer L, Casas C, Miller M, Burgard C, Erickson J, Hallanger-Johnson P, Clark W, Taylor A, Lafferty S, Gillett C, Nolan M, Pathak L, Sondrol T, Hjelle S, Hafner J, Kotrba R, Hendrickson A, Cemeroglu T, Symington M, Daniel Y, Appiagyei-Dankah D, Postellon M, Racine L, Kleis K, Barnes S, Godwin H, McCullough K, Shaheen G, Buck L, Noel M, Warren S, Weber S, Parker I, Gillespie B, Nelson C, Frost J, Amrhein E, Moreland A, Hayes J, Peggram J, Aisenberg M, Riordan J, Zasa E, Cummings K, Scott T, Pinto A, Mokashi K, McAssey E, Helden P, Hammond L, Dinning S, Rahman S, Ray C, Dimicri S, Guppy H, Nielsen C, Vogel C, Ariza L, Morales Y, Chang R, Gabbay L, Ambrocio L, Manley R, Nemery W, Charlton P, Smith L, Kerr B, Steindel-Kopp M, Alamaguer D, Liljenquist G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Alexandra Fouts
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Harding P, Bryson TD, Datta I, Wang Y, Levin AM. Abstract 410: Prostaglandin E2 Reduces Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 2 in Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/res.123.suppl_1.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals differently through its 4 receptor subtypes (EP1-EP4) to elicit diverse physiologic/pathologic effects. We previously reported that PGE2 via its EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility and male mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the EP4 receptor develop dilated cardiomyopathy. To determine pathway(s) responsible for the phenotype, we performed gene array on left ventricles from these mice followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) which demonstrated that genes differentiating WT mice and EP4 KO mice were significantly overrepresented in mitochondrial (p=2.51x10
-28
) and oxidative phosphorylation (p=3.16 x10
-30
) pathways. Importantly, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (cpt 2), an enzyme that transports fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane was down-regulated in EP4 KO mice. We therefore hypothesized that PGE2 via EP3 decreases cpt 2 to impair mitochondrial function. To test this hypothesis, we used isolated mouse cardiomyocytes (AVM) from 16-18 week old male C57Bl/6 mice and treated them with either 1 μM of the EP3 agonist sulprostone (sulp), or PGE2. Treatment of AVM with sulp for 24 hrs. decreased cpt 2 levels from a control level of 1.0 to 0.57 ± 0.15, p < 0.05 and treatment with PGE2 decreased cpt 2 levels to 0.74 ± 0.27. Since cpt 2 is regulated by the transcription factor NR4A2 in other cell types, we investigated whether NR4A2 was regulated by PGE2 or sulp. NR4A2 levels were reduced after 4 hr. treatment with either PGE2 or by treatment with sulp; from a control value of 1.0 to 0.70 ± 0.16 and to 0.86 ± 0.01 respectively, p< 0.05 for sulp, n = 3. To associate these changes with mitochondrial function, we measured complex I activity with a spectrophotometric assay. Complex I activity was reduced by 50% (p < 0.05) by 4 hr. treatment with PGE2, from 1.32 ± 0.36 to 0.66 ± 0.08 mOD/min, and this was associated with reduced expression of multiple genes from mitochondrial pathways including sub units of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase ubiquinone flavoprotein (Nduf), a component of complex I. In conclusion, these results suggest that increased PGE2 and its EP3 receptor in heart disease may contribute to impaired mitochondrial function and provide yet another link between inflammation and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yun Wang
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
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Bryson TD, Pandrangi TS, Khan SZ, Xu J, Peterson E, Harding P. Inhibition of the Prostaglandin E2 EP3 Receptor Does Not Affect Beta Adrenergic Signaling in the Heart. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.675.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Bryson
- Hypertension & Vasc. Res. Div; Internal MedicineHenry Ford Health SystemDetroitMI
- PhysiologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMI
| | - Teja S. Pandrangi
- Hypertension & Vasc. Res. Div; Internal MedicineHenry Ford Health SystemDetroitMI
| | - Safa Z. Khan
- Hypertension & Vasc. Res. Div; Internal MedicineHenry Ford Health SystemDetroitMI
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension & Vasc. Res. Div; Internal MedicineHenry Ford Health SystemDetroitMI
| | | | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vasc. Res. Div; Internal MedicineHenry Ford Health SystemDetroitMI
- PhysiologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMI
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Bryson T, Xu J, Harding P. Abstract P297: The Deleterious Role of Prostaglandin E2 EP3 Receptor in Ang II-induced Hypertension. Hypertension 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.70.suppl_1.p297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for heart and renal disease. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a product of the arachidonic acid cascade and is known to mediate inflammation and have vasodilatory effects. Previous data from our lab have shown that PGE2 reduces cardiac contractility when signaling through its EP3 receptor subtype and that EP3 expression increases in the left ventricle of mice subjected to Angiotensin II (Ang II) hypertension. We therefore hypothesized that EP3 activation would worsen BP in the Ang II hypertension model and would also decrease cardiac function. To test our hypothesis, we treated 10-12 wk. old C57Bl/6 mice with either Ang II (1.4 mg/kg/d) or vehicle via osmotic mini pump and simultaneously treated them with the EP3 agonist, Sulprostone (80 μg/kg/d, S.C.), or vehicle for 2 weeks. As expected, Ang II infusion increased BP significantly (115 mmHg ± 4.8 vs. 172 mmHg ± 12.1; p< 0.005). After 2 weeks, however, there was no difference in BP between the Ang II group and the Ang II + Sulp. group. Echocardiography in conscious animals demonstrated that treatment with Ang II + Sulp. group reduced shortening fraction (SF) from 61.28 ± 1.82 % to 56.71 ± 0.91 %; (p<0.05) whereas Ang II treatment alone did not affect SF. This suggests that EP3 activation combined with Ang II infusion may reduce cardiac function in as little as 2 weeks. We then repeated this protocol using the EP3 inhibitor, L798, 106 (40 μg/kg/d). Remarkably, the increase in BP with Ang II was almost completely abolished when animals received the inhibitor (168.3 mmHg ± 6.5 for Ang II group vs. 117.9 mmHg ± 17.1 for Ang II + L798, 106 group; p< 0.05) without changes in cardiac function. Since the effects on BP are independent of changes in cardiac function, we hypothesize the effects are on total peripheral resistance and future experiments will examine the vasculature to identify possible mechanism(s). In conclusion, EP3 receptor activation did not worsen BP after Ang II infusion but treatment with the EP3 inhibitor completely normalized blood pressure. This suggests that there is commonality between the EP3 and Ang II signaling pathways. We also propose that EP3 receptor activation is deleterious in an Ang II model since treatment with Sulprostone reduces cardiac function after only 2 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Bryson
- Henry Ford Health System/Wayne State Univ Sch of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Jiang Xu
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Pamela Harding
- Henry Ford Health System/Wayne State Univ Sch of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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Harding P, Bryson TD, Datta I, Wang Y, Levin A. Abstract P352: Prostaglandin E2 Reduces Mitochondrial Function in Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes. Hypertension 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.70.suppl_1.p352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading cause of heart failure and both conditions are characterized by increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which signals through 4 receptor subtypes (EP1-EP4) to elicit diverse physiologic effects. We previously reported that cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the EP4 receptor results in a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy in male mice that is characterized by reduced ejection fraction. Subsequent gene array on left ventricles from these mice, coupled with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) demonstrated that genes differentiating WT mice and EP4 KO mice with low ejection fraction were significantly overrepresented in mitochondrial (p=2.51x10
-28
) and oxidative phosphorylation (p=3.16 x10
-30
) pathways. We therefore hypothesized that PGE2 could reduce mitochondrial function. To test this hypothesis, we used isolated mouse cardiomyocytes (AVM) from 16-18 week old male C57Bl/6 mice and treated them with 1 μM PGE2 for various times. Mitochondrial gene expression was examined using a RT-profiler kit for mitochondrial energy metabolism, complex I activity with a spectrophotometric assay, ATP levels with a bioluminescence assay and mitochondrial membrane potential using JC-1 staining. Treatment of AVM with PGE2 for 4 hrs reduced expression of multiple genes from mitochondrial pathways including sub units of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase ubiquinone flavoprotein (Nduf), a component of complex I. In accord with the mRNA data, Complex I activity was reduced by 50% (p < 0.05) by 4 hr treatment with PGE2, from 1.32 ± 0.36 to 0.66 ± 0.08 mOD/min. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8 (Cox8c) mRNA was also reduced from a control value of 1.00 to -1.75 ± 0.20 (p < 0.005) after PGE2 treatment. Immuno-fluorescence showed that JC-1 aggregates were reduced after 1 or 3 hr treatment with either 1 μM PGE2 or the EP3 agonist, sulprostone, suggesting reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Subsequent experiments also showed that ATP levels were reduced 16% from 11.18 ± 0.71 nmol to 9.39 ± 0.83 nmol after treatment with sulprostone for only 1 hr. Taken together, these results suggest that increased PGE2 in hypertension may contribute to impaired mitochondrial function and provide yet another link between inflammation and cardiac dysfunction.
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Gu X, Xu J, Zhu L, Bryson T, Yang XP, Peterson E, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 Reduces Cardiac Contractility via EP3 Receptor. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 9:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003291. [PMID: 27502370 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP receptors EP3 and EP4 signal via decreased and increased cAMP production, respectively. Previously, we reported that cardiomyocyte-specific EP4 knockout mice develop dilated cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction. Thus, we hypothesized that PGE2 increases contractility via EP4 but decreases contractility via EP3. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of PGE2 and the EP1/EP3 agonist sulprostone on contractility were examined in the mouse Langendorff preparation and in adult mouse cardiomyocytes. Isolated hearts of adult male C57Bl/6 mice were perfused with PGE2 (10(-6) M) or sulprostone (10(-6) M) and compared with vehicle. Both PGE2 and sulprostone decreased +dp/dt (P<0.01) and left ventricular developed pressure (P<0.001) with reversal by an EP3 antagonist. In contrast, the EP4 agonist had the opposite effect. Adult mouse cardiomyocytes contractility was also reduced after treatment with either PGE2 or sulprostone for 10 minutes. We then examined the acute effects of PGE2, sulprostone, and the EP4 agonist on expression of phosphorylated phospholamban and sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2a in adult mouse cardiomyocytes using Western blot. Treatment with either PGE2 or sulprostone decreased expression of phosphorylated phospholamban corrected to total phospholamban, whereas treatment with the EP4 agonist had the opposite effect. Sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2a expression was unaffected. Finally, we examined the effect of these compounds in vivo using pressure-volume loops. Both PGE2 and sulprostone decreased +dp/dt, whereas the EP4 agonist increased +dp/dt. CONCLUSIONS Contractility is reduced via the EP3 receptor but increased via EP4. These effects may be mediated through changes in phospholamban phosphorylation and has relevance to detrimental effects of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Gu
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.)
| | - Jiang Xu
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.)
| | - Liping Zhu
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.)
| | - Timothy Bryson
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.)
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.)
| | - Edward Peterson
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.)
| | - Pamela Harding
- From the Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine (X.G., J.X., L.Z., T.B., X.-P.Y., P.H.) and Department of Physiology (T.B., P.H.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Public Health Sciences (E.P.), Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI; and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (X.G.).
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Otsa K, Talli S, Harding P, Parsik E, Esko M, Teepere A, Tammaru M. Prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in the adult population of Estonia. Lupus 2017; 26:1115-1120. [PMID: 28059020 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316686705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated considerable variability in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) incidence and prevalence estimates. Lack of reliable epidemiological data may hinder evidence-based health care planning. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of SLE in the Estonian adult population. The SLE billing cases were extracted from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund database 2006-2010 and verified using health care providers' databases. The patients' life status data for January 1, 2011, were retrieved from the Estonian Population Register. The calculations for the estimates' lower limits were based on verified cases only; the upper limits calculations also accounted for the billing cases for which clinical data were unavailable. The period prevalence of SLE was between 39 and 48 per 100,000 and incidence rate between 1.5 and 1.8 per 100,000 person-years. The point prevalence on January 1, 2011, was between 37 and 40 per 100,000. The estimates are comparable with internationally published figures and can be used to enhance evidence-based health care planning. The high percentage of billing cases that could not be verified using clinical data supports the argument that epidemiological studies based solely on administrative databases are usually of low reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Otsa
- 1 Ida Tallinna Keskhaigla, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - S Talli
- 2 East Tallinn Central Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - P Harding
- 2 East Tallinn Central Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - E Parsik
- 3 The North Estonia Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - M Esko
- 4 West Tallinn Central Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - A Teepere
- 2 East Tallinn Central Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - M Tammaru
- 2 East Tallinn Central Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Tallinn, Estonia
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Zhu L, Yang XP, Janic B, Rhaleb NE, Harding P, Nakagawa P, Peterson EL, Carretero OA. Ac-SDKP suppresses TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells via inhibition of IκB kinase and NF-κB activation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 310:H1176-83. [PMID: 26945075 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00252.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide that prevents inflammation and fibrosis in hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. We previously showed that, in angiotensin II-induced hypertension, Ac-SDKP decreased the activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, whereas, in experimental autoimmune myocarditis and hypertension animal models, it also reduced the expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule ICAM-1. However, the mechanisms by which Ac-SDKP downregulated ICAM-1 expression are still unclear. TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine that induces ICAM-1 expression in various cell types via TNF receptor 1 and activation of the classical NF-κB pathway. We hypothesized that in endothelial cells Ac-SDKP suppresses TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression by decreasing IKK phosphorylation that as a consequence leads to a decrease of IκB phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. To test this hypothesis, human coronary artery endothelial cells were treated with Ac-SDKP and then stimulated with TNF-α. We found that TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression was significantly decreased by Ac-SDKP in a dose-dependent manner. Ac-SDKP also decreased TNF-α-induced NF-κB translocation from cytosol to nucleus, as assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, which correlated with a decrease in IκB phosphorylation. In addition, we found that Ac-SDKP decreased TNF-α-induced IKK phosphorylation and IKK-β expression. However, Ac-SDKP had no effect on TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase or ERK. Thus we conclude that Ac-SDKP inhibition of TNF-α activation of canonical, i.e., IKK-β-dependent, NF-κB pathway and subsequent decrease in ICAM-1 expression is achieved via inhibition of IKK-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Branislava Janic
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Nour-Eddine Rhaleb
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Pablo Nakagawa
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Edward L Peterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Oscar A Carretero
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan;
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Abstract
Adropin is a recently identified bioactive protein that promotes energy homeostasis by affecting glucose and lipid metabolism. Recently, adropin has also been reported to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. Also, ET-1, as a biomarker for endothelial dysfunction, is a key regulator in hypertension. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to detect the relationship between plasma adropin and ET-1 levels in hypertension. A total of 123 participants, diagnosed with primary hypertension on the basis of World Health Organization criteria (systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg), and 58 normotensive subjects were enrolled in the cross-sectional study from October 2011 to December 2013. All study participants were older than 18 years of age. Adropin and ET-1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that plasma adropin levels were significantly lower in hypertensives compared with controls (3.18 ± 1.00 vs 4.21 ± 1.14 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Plasma ET-1 levels were higher in hypertensives than controls (2.60 ± 1.14 vs 1.54 ± 0.66 pg/mL, P < 0.001). Adropin had a negative correlation with DBP (r = -0.40, P < 0.001), SBP (r = -0.49, P < 0.001), and adjusted for age, body mass index, SBP, DBP, glucose, TC, TG, LDL, and Cr, there was a negative correlation between ET-1 and adropin (r = -0.20, P = 0.04). In multivariate logistic regression analysis of the variables, ET-1 (odds ratio [OR], 3.84; 95% CI, 2.16-6.81; P < 0.001) and adropin (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99 -1.0; P < .001) were found to be independent predictors for hypertension.In conclusion, decreased plasma adropin levels are associated with increased blood pressure in hypertension. Adropin is an independent predictor for hypertension, and may influence blood pressure by protecting endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Gu
- From the department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (XSG, HL, XYZ, HBG, JCC, WTX); School of Medicine, Wayne State University (LCW); and Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (PH)
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Gu X, Xu J, Yang XP, Peterson E, Harding P. Abstract 33: Prostaglandin E2 Reduces Cardiac Contractility via EP3 Receptor. Circ Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/res.117.suppl_1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) EP receptors EP3 and EP4 are present in the heart and signal via decreased and increased cAMP production, respectively. Previously we reported that cardiomyocyte-specific EP4 KO mice develop a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction. We thus hypothesized that PGE2 decreases contractility via EP3. To test this hypothesis, the effects of PGE2 and the EP1/EP3 agonist sulprostone (sulp) were examined in the mouse langendorff preparation and in adult mouse cardiomyocytes (AVM) using the IonOptix cell contractility system. Isolated hearts of 18-20 wk old male C57Bl/6 mice were mounted and equilibrated for 10 min, then perfused with PGE2 (10
-6
mol/l) or sulp (10
-6
mol/l) for 30 min. Values at the end of equilibration were set to 100%. Compared to vehicle, PGE2 decreased +dp/dt (77.8±3% vs 96.7±3%, p<0.01) and left ventricular developed pressure, LVDP (77.2±2% vs 96.8±3%, p<0.001). Sulp decreased +dp/dt (75.9±2% vs 96.7±3%, p<0.001), -dp/dt (72.2±1% vs 85.7±1%, p<0.01) and LVDP (70.9±1% vs 96.8±3%, p<0.001). The effects of both PGE2 and sulp were reversed by the EP3 antagonist, L789,106 (10
-6
mol/l). Myocyte contractility was evaluated on the IonOptix system with pacing at 1Hz. Treatment with PGE2 (10
-9
M) for 10 min reduced contractility as measured by peak height (3.69 ± 0.48% for vehicle vs 2.00 ± 0.22% for PGE2, p < 0.05 ), departure velocity (-171.9 ± 22.9 um/sec for vehicle vs -106.3± 12.5 um/sec for PGE2, p < 0.05) and return velocity (87.7 ± 16.3 um/sec for vehicle vs 36.7 ± 6.6 um/sec for PGE2, p < 0.05) with similar effects noted for sulp. Sulp reduced change in peak height (4.79 ± 1.15% for vehicle vs 1.81 ± 0.37% for sulp, p < 0.05), departure velocity (-169.1 ± 35.8 um/sec for vehicle vs -59.4 ± 10.3 um/sec for sulp, p < 0.05) and return velocity (86.5 ± 23.8 um/sec for vehicle vs 16.9 ± 14.7 um/sec for sulp, p < 0.05). We then examined the acute effects of PGE2 and sulp on expression of phosphorylated phospholamban (PLN) and SERCA using Western blot. Treatment of AVM for 15min with either PGE2 or sulp decreased expression of phosphorylated PLN corrected to total PLN, by 67% and 43%. SERCA2a expression was unaffected. In conclusion, PGE2 and sulp reduce contractility via the EP3 receptor through effects on PLN.
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Zhu L, Carretero OA, Xu J, Harding P, Ramadurai N, Gu X, Peterson E, Yang XP. Activation of angiotensin II type 2 receptor suppresses TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 via NF-кB: possible role of ACE2. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H827-34. [PMID: 26163449 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00814.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ANG II type 2 receptor (AT2) and ANG I-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are important components of the renin-ANG system. Activation of AT2 and ACE2 reportedly counteracts proinflammatory effects of ANG II. However, the possible interaction between AT2 and ACE2 has never been established. We hypothesized that activation of AT2 increases ACE2 activity, thereby preventing TNF-α-stimulated ICAM-1 expression via inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Human coronary artery endothelial cells were pretreated with AT2 antagonist PD123319 (PD) or ACE2 inhibitor DX600 and then stimulated with TNF-α in the presence or absence of AT2 agonist CGP42112 (CGP). We found that AT2 agonist CGP increased both ACE2 protein expression and activity. This effect was blunted by AT2 antagonist PD. ICAM-1 expression was very low in untreated cells but greatly increased by TNF-α. Activation of AT2 with agonist CGP or with ANG II under concomitant AT1 antagonist reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression, which was reversed by AT2 antagonist PD or ACE2 inhibitor DX600 or knockdown of ACE2 with small interfering RNA. AT2 activation also suppressed TNF-α-stimulated phosphorylation of inhibitory κB (p-IκB) and NF-κB activity. Inhibition of ACE2 reversed the inhibitory effect of AT2 on TNF-α-stimulated p-IκB and NF-κB activity. Our findings suggest that stimulation of AT2 reduces TNF-α-stimulated ICAM-1 expression, which is partly through ACE2-mediated inhibition of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Oscar A Carretero
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Nithya Ramadurai
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Public Health Science, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan; and
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Gu X, Xu J, Yang XP, Peterson E, Harding P. Fractalkine neutralization improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Exp Physiol 2015; 100:805-17. [PMID: 25943588 DOI: 10.1113/ep085104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the cardioprotective role of fractalkine neutralization in heart failure and what are the mechanisms responsible? What is the main finding and its importance? The concentration of fractalkine is increased in the left ventricle of mice with myocardial infarction, similar to the increases in plasma from heart failure patients. The present study shows a clear beneficial effect of neutralizing fractalkine in a model of myocardial infarction, which results in increased survival. Such an approach may be worthwhile in human patients. Concentrations of the chemokine fractalkine (FKN) are increased in patients with chronic heart failure, and our previous studies show that aged mice lacking the prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor subtype (EP4-KO) have increased cardiac FKN, with a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, how FKN participates in the pathogenesis of heart failure has rarely been studied. We hypothesized that FKN contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure and that anti-FKN treatment prevents heart failure induced by myocardial infarction (MI) more effectively in EP4-KO mice. Male EP4-KO mice and wild-type littermates underwent sham or MI surgery and were treated with an anti-FKN antibody or control IgG. At 2 weeks post-MI, echocardiography was performed and hearts were excised for determination of infarct size, immunohistochemistry and Western blot of signalling molecules. Given that FKN protein levels in the left ventricle were increased to a similar extent in both strains after MI and that anti-FKN treatment improved survival and cardiac function in both strains, we subsequently used only wild-type mice to examine the mechanisms whereby anti-FKN is cardioprotective. Myocyte cross-sectional area and interstitial collagen fraction were reduced after anti-FKN treatment, as were macrophage migration and gelatinase activity. Activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK were reduced after neutralization of FKN. In vitro, FKN increased fibroblast proliferation. In conclusion, increased FKN contributes to heart failure after MI. This effect is not exacerbated in EP4-KO mice, suggesting that there is no link between FKN and lack of EP4. Overall, inhibition of FKN may be important to preserve cardiac function post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Gu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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28
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Lindsay C, Helliwell B, Harding P, Hicklin D, Ispoglou S, Sturman S, Pandyan A. A prospective observational study investigating the time course of arm recovery and the development of spasticity and contractures following stroke. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Kassem KM, Clevenger MH, Szandzik DL, Peterson E, Harding P. PGE2 reduces MMP-14 and increases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in cardiac fibroblasts. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2014; 113-115:62-8. [PMID: 25263346 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is elevated during cardiac injury and we have previously shown that mice lacking the PGE2 EP4 receptor display dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with increased expression of the membrane type matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-14. We thus hypothesized that PGE2 regulates expression of MMP-14 and also affects fibroblast migration. Primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular fibroblasts (NVFs) were used to test the effects of PGE2. Gene and protein expression was assessed by real time RT-PCR and Western blot, MMP activity was determined by zymography and migration of NVF was assessed by motility in a transwell system. PGE2 reduced expression of MMP-14 and these effects were antagonized by an EP4 antagonist. An EP4 agonist mimicked the effect of PGE2. PGE2 also increased mRNA and protein levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of MMP activation. However, PGE2-stimulation of PAI-1 was mediated by the EP1/EP3 receptor and not EP4. Migration of NVF was assessed by motility in a transwell system. Treatment of NVFs with PGE2 reduced the number of cells migrating toward 10% FCS. Treatment with the EP2 agonist also reduced migration but did not affect MMP-14 expression or PAI-1. Our results suggest that PGE2 utilizes different receptors and mechanisms to ultimately decrease MMP expression and NVF migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M Kassem
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Margarette H Clevenger
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - David L Szandzik
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States.
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30
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Gu X, Xu J, Yang XP, Peterson E, Harding P. Abstract 212: Fractalkine Neutralization Improves Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction. Hypertension 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.64.suppl_1.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Circulating levels of the chemokine fractalkine (FKN) are increased in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) and our studies show that aged mice lacking the prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor subtype (EP4 KO) have increased cardiac FKN coupled with a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, whether FKN is a causal factor for HF is not well established.
Hypothesis:
FKN contributes to the pathogenesis of HF post myocardial infarction (MI) and EP4 KO mice have a better response to anti-FKN treatment due to elevated FKN levels.
Methods:
Male EP4 KO mice and wild type (WT) littermates underwent surgery to induce MI. Mice were treated with an anti-FKN antibody (40μg/kg/day, ip) or IgG immediately after MI and echocardiography was performed 2 wks post MI. Hearts were excised for infarct size determination, myocyte cross-sectional area (MCSA) and interstitial collagen fraction (ICF) determined by morphometric analysis and macrophage infiltration using immunohistochemistry.
Results:
Anti-FKN treatment improved cardiac function and prevented remodeling (Table). In situ zymography revealed that gelatinase activity was markedly reduced by anti-FKN treatment in both strains. Moreover, anti-FKN treatment tended to improve survival in EP4 KO mice (p = 0.06, n=20).
Conclusions:
(1) FKN contributes to the pathogenesis of HF and anti-FKN treatment improves cardiac function and reduces cardiac remodeling. This may be related to reduced macrophage infiltration and decreased gelatinase activity.(2) Contrary to our hypothesis, EP4 KO mice do not have an enhanced response to anti-FKN treatment.
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31
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Xu J, Carretero OA, Zhu L, Harding P, Rhaleb NE, Shesely EG, Peterson E, Yang XP. Abstract 639: Angiotensin 1-7 Contributes To Cardioprotective Effects Of Cardiac Overexpression Of Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor In Mice Post-MI. Hypertension 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.64.suppl_1.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) acting on AT1 receptor plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, whereas AT2 has been considered cardioprotective, although the mechanisms are not fully understood. Recently studies suggest AT2 interacts with ACE2, an enzyme known to release Ang 1-7 from Ang II. Thus we hypothesize that Ang 1-7 contributes to cardioprotective effects of AT2, possibly via AT2/ACE2/Ang 1-7 cascade. Transgenic mice with AT2 specifically overexpressed in the heart (Tg-AT2) and their wild-type littermates (WT) were subjected to myocardial infarction (MI) or sham MI and divided into 1) sham MI; 2) MI + vehicle; and 3) MI + Mas receptor antagonist ([D-Ala7-Ang 1-7], A779, 0.5 mg/kg/day via osmotic mini pump). Treatments were started on the same day of MI and continued for 8 weeks. Our data show that AT2 and ACE2 protein expression in the heart was significantly increased in Tg-AT2 mice, whereas AT1 protein remained unchanged. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and cardiac phenotypes did not differ between strains under basal conditions. MI increased myocyte cross-sectional area (MCSA), interstitial collagen fraction (ICF), left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVDd) and capillary density, and decreased LV ejection fraction (EF) in both strains; however, these pathological responses were diminished in Tg-AT2. Blockade of Mas receptor with A779 attenuated the cardioprotective effects observed in Tg-AT2 mice (Table). Infarct size (IS) did not differ among groups. Our findings suggest that overexpression/activation of AT2 protects against cardiac remodeling and dysfunction post MI, which is mediated in part through Ang 1-7 acting on the Mas receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- HENRY FORD HOSPITAL, Detroit, MI
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32
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Zhu L, Yang XP, Nakagawa P, Rhaleb NE, Harding P, Xu J, Carretero OA. Abstract 447: Ac-SDKP Suppresses TNFα-induced ICAM-1 Expression In Endothelial Cells Via Inhibition Of IκB Kinase And NF-κB Activation. Hypertension 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.64.suppl_1.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide that prevents inflammation and fibrosis in hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. We previously showed that Ac-SDKP decreased transcription factor NF-κB activation in angiotensin II-induced hypertension and also reduced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in an experimental autoimmune myocarditis and hypertension animal model. However, the mechanisms by which Ac-SDKP down-regulated ICAM-1 expression are unclear. TNFα is a proinflammatory cytokine that induces ICAM-1 expression on different cell types. We hypothesized that Ac-SDKP suppresses TNFα-induced ICAM-1 via inhibition of IκB kinase (IKK) and subsequently by blockade of NF-κB activation. Human coronary artery endothelial cells were treated with Ac-SDKP or vehicle and then stimulated with TNFα (0.5 ng/ml). ICAM-1 protein expression and phosphorylation of IKK (p-IKK), inhibitory κB (p-IκB), p38 (p-p38) and ERK (p-ERK) were measured by Western Blot. Activation of NF-κB was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). ICAM-1 expression was virtually undetectable under basal conditions, but greatly increased by TNFα. Ac-SDKP dose-dependently suppressed TNFα-induced ICAM-1 expression (set at a value of 1.0 arbitrary units, AU) to 0.67±0.13 (p<0.05), 0.51±0.12 (p<0.01) and 0.39±0.09 AU (p<0.01) at 0.1 nM, 1 nM and 10 nM, respectively. In addition, Ac-SDKP (10 nM) inhibited TNFα-induced p-IKK from 1.0 to 0.71±0.02 AU (p<0.01). Ac-SDKP also inhibited TNFα-induced IKKβ expression from 1.0 to 0.64±0.12 AU (p<0.05), without affecting IKKα expression. Furthermore, Ac-SDKP inhibited TNFα-induced p-IκB from 1.0 to 0.54±0.03 AU (p<0.01). EMSA results showed that Ac-SDKP inhibited TNFα-mediated activation of NF-κB, which was 0.63±0.04-fold of TNFα-treated cells. However, Ac-SDKP had no effect on TNFα-induced p-p38 and p-ERK. Thus, we conclude that Ac-SDKP inhibits TNFα-induced IKK and subsequent degradation of IκB, thereby preventing NF-κB activation and ICAM-1 expression. These inhibitory effects are independent of p38 and ERK.
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33
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Zhu L, Carretero OA, Xu J, Harding P, Yang XP. Abstract 227: Activation of Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Suppresses TNFα-induced ICAM-1 via NF-κB: Possible Role of ACE2. Circ Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/res.115.suppl_1.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a major factor contributing to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Blockade of the RAS with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) has been a standard treatment for CVD. Activation of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2) and angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) contribute to the cardioprotective effects of ARBs. Both AT2 and ACE2 counteract the vasoconstrictor and pro-inflammatory effects of angiotensin II. However, the possible interaction between AT2 and ACE2 has never been established. Tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) is a cytokine involved in angiotensin II signaling and promotes the inflammatory response via NF-κB. We hypothesized that activation of AT2 increases ACE2, thereby preventing TNFα-stimulated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression via inhibition of NF-κB. Human coronary artery endothelial cells were pretreated with AT2 antagonist PD123319 or ACE2 inhibitor DX-600, and then stimulated with TNFα in the presence or absence of AT2 agonist CGP42112A. ACE2 mRNA was measured by real-time RT-PCR. ACE2 activity was measured using a Fluorimetric Kit. ICAM-1 and phospho-inhibitory κB (p-IκB) were measured by Western Blot. Activation of AT2 with CGP42112A increased ACE2 mRNA by 1.82 ± 0.09 fold (p<0.01) and ACE2 activity from 0.61 ± 0.05 to 0.95 ± 0.03 (pg/μl/h/μg protein) (p<0.01). This effect was diminished by inhibition of AT2 or ACE2. ICAM-1 expression was almost undetectable in untreated cells but greatly increased by TNFα. Activation of AT2 reduced TNFα-induced ICAM-1 expression by 47% (from control value of 1 to 0.53 units) ± 5% (p<0.01), which was diminished by AT2 antagonist or ACE2 inhibitor. We also found that TNFα increased p-IκB by 7.46 ± 0.51 fold (p<0.01) compared to untreated cells and this effect was diminished by AT2 activation. Furthermore, ACE2 inhibitor blunted the effects of AT2 on TNFα-induced p-IκB expression. Our findings suggest that stimulation of AT2 reduces TNFα-induced ICAM-1 expression, which is partly through ACE2-mediated inhibition of NF-κB. Perspective: understanding the mechanisms underlying AT2-mediated anti-inflammatory effects could lead to new therapeutic strategies such as specific activation of AT2 and/or ACE2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiang Xu
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
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34
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Xu J, Sun Y, Carretero OA, Zhu L, Harding P, Shesely EG, Dai X, Rhaleb NE, Peterson E, Yang XP. Effects of cardiac overexpression of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor on remodeling and dysfunction in mice post-myocardial infarction. Hypertension 2014; 63:1251-9. [PMID: 24732892 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The activation of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) has been considered cardioprotective. However, there are controversial findings regarding the role of overexpressing AT2R in the heart. Using transgenic mice with different levels of AT2R gene overexpression in the heart (1, 4, or 9 copies of the AT2R transgene: Tg1, Tg4, or Tg9), we studied the effect of AT2R overexpression on left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction post-myocardial infarction (MI). Tg1, Tg4, Tg9, and their wild-type littermates were divided into (1) sham MI, (2) MI plus vehicle, and (3) MI plus AT2R antagonist. Treatments were started 4 weeks after MI and continued for 8 weeks. AT2R protein and mRNA expression in the heart was significantly increased in transgenic mice, and the increase positively correlated with copies of the transgene. AT1R protein and mRNA expression remained unchanged in Tg1 and Tg4 but slightly increased in Tg9 mice. Systolic blood pressure and cardiac phenotypes did not differ among strains under basal conditions. MI caused myocardial hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, ventricular dilatation, and dysfunction associated with increased protein expression of Nox2 and transforming growth factor β1. These pathological responses were diminished in Tg1 and Tg4 mice. Moreover, the protective effects of AT2R were abolished by AT2R antagonist and also absent in Tg9 mice. We thus conclude that whether overexpression of AT2R is beneficial or detrimental to the heart is largely dependent on expression levels and possibly via regulations of Nox2 and transforming growth factor β1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, E&R 7081, 2799 W Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202-2689.
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Harding P, Holland A, Hinman R, Delany C. Hip and knee arthroplasty surgery does not change physical activity. J Sci Med Sport 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Atchison DK, Harding P, Beierwaltes WH. Vitamin D increases plasma renin activity independently of plasma Ca2+ via hypovolemia and β-adrenergic activity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F1109-17. [PMID: 23926179 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00010.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
1, 25-Dihydroxycholechalciferol (calcitriol) and 19-nor-1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (paricalcitol) are vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonists. Previous data suggest VDR agonists may actually increase renin-angiotensin activity, and this has always been assumed to be mediated by hypercalcemia. We hypothesized that calcitriol and paricalcitol would increase plasma renin activity (PRA) independently of plasma Ca(2+) via hypercalciuria-mediated polyuria, hypovolemia, and subsequent increased β-adrenergic sympathetic activity. We found that both calcitriol and paricalcitol increased PRA threefold (P < 0.01). Calcitriol caused hypercalcemia, but paricalcitol did not. Both calcitriol and paricalcitol caused hypercalciuria (9- and 7-fold vs. control, P < 0.01) and polyuria (increasing 2.6- and 2.2-fold vs. control, P < 0.01). Paricalcitol increased renal calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) expression, suggesting a potential cause of paricalcitol-mediated hypercalciuria and polyuria. Volume replacement completely normalized calcitriol-stimulated PRA and lowered plasma epinephrine by 43% (P < 0.05). β-Adrenergic blockade also normalized calcitriol-stimulated PRA. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition had no effect on calcitriol-stimulated PRA. Our data demonstrate that vitamin D increases PRA independently of plasma Ca(2+) via hypercalciuria, polyuria, hypovolemia, and increased β-adrenergic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas K Atchison
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Research Div., Henry Ford Hospital, 7121 E&R Bldg., 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202.
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Abstract
Background Our laboratory reported that male mice with cardiomyocyte-selective knockout of the prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor sub-type (EP4 KO) exhibit reduced cardiac function. Gene array on left ventricles (LV) showed increased fractalkine, a chemokine implicated in heart failure. We therefore hypothesized that fractalkine is regulated by PGE2 and contributes to depressed contractility via alterations in intracellular calcium. Methods Fractalkine was measured in LV of 28–32 week old male EP4 KO and wild type controls (WT) by ELISA and the effect of PGE2 on fractalkine secretion was measured in cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. The effect of fractalkine on contractility and intracellular calcium was determined in Fura-2 AM-loaded, electrical field-paced cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes (AVM) from male C57Bl/6 mice were treated with fractalkine and responses measured under basal conditions and after isoproterenol (Iso) stimulation. Results LV fractalkine was increased in EP4 KO mice but surprisingly, PGE2 regulated fractalkine secretion only in fibroblasts. Fractalkine treatment of AVM decreased both the speed of contraction and relaxation under basal conditions and after Iso stimulation. Despite reducing contractility after Iso stimulation, fractalkine increased the Ca2+ transient amplitude but decreased phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I, suggesting direct effects on the contractile machinery. Conclusions Fractalkine depresses myocyte contractility by mechanisms downstream of intracellular calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Taube
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Albertas Undrovinas
- Cardiovascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Edward Peterson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ortiz-Capisano MC, Atchison DK, Harding P, Lasley RD, Beierwaltes WH. Adenosine inhibits renin release from juxtaglomerular cells via an A1 receptor-TRPC-mediated pathway. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F1209-19. [PMID: 23884142 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00710.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renin is synthesized and released from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Adenosine inhibits renin release via an adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) calcium-mediated pathway. How this occurs is unknown. In cardiomyocytes, adenosine increases intracellular calcium via transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. We hypothesized that adenosine inhibits renin release via A1R activation, opening TRPC channels. However, higher concentrations of adenosine may stimulate renin release through A2R activation. Using primary cultures of isolated mouse JG cells, immunolabeling demonstrated renin and A1R in JG cells, but not A2R subtypes, although RT-PCR indicated the presence of mRNA of both A2AR and A2BR. Incubating JG cells with increasing concentrations of adenosine decreased renin release. Different concentrations of the adenosine receptor agonist N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) did not change renin. Activating A1R with 0.5 μM N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) decreased basal renin release from 0.22 ± 0.05 to 0.14 ± 0.03 μg of angiotensin I generated per milliliter of sample per hour of incubation (AngI/ml/mg prot) (P < 0.03), and higher concentrations also inhibited renin. Reducing extracellular calcium with EGTA increased renin release (0.35 ± 0.08 μg AngI/ml/mg prot; P < 0.01), and blocked renin inhibition by CHA (0.28 ± 0.06 μg AngI/ml/mg prot; P < 0. 005 vs. CHA alone). The intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM increased renin release by 55%, and blocked the inhibitory effect of CHA. Repeating these experiments in JG cells from A1R knockout mice using CHA or NECA demonstrated no effect on renin release. However, RT-PCR showed mRNA from TRPC isoforms 3 and 6 in isolated JG cells. Adding the TRPC blocker SKF-96365 reversed CHA-mediated inhibition of renin release. Thus A1R activation results in a calcium-dependent inhibition of renin release via TRPC-mediated calcium entry, but A2 receptors do not regulate renin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cecilia Ortiz-Capisano
- Henry Ford Hospital, Dept. of Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, 7088 E&R Bldg., 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202.
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Rhaleb NE, Pokharel S, Sharma UC, Peng H, Peterson E, Harding P, Yang XP, Carretero OA. N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro inhibits interleukin-1β-mediated matrix metalloproteinase activation in cardiac fibroblasts. Pflugers Arch 2013; 465:1487-95. [PMID: 23652767 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial matrix turnover involves a dynamic balance between collagen synthesis and degradation, which is regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (Ac-SDKP) is a small peptide that inhibits cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. However, its role in MMP regulation is not known. Thus, we hypothesized that Ac-SDKP promotes MMP activation in cardiac fibroblasts and decreases collagen deposition via this mechanism. To that end, we tested the effects of Ac-SDKP on interleukin-1β (IL-1β; 5 ng/ml)-stimulated adult rat cardiac fibroblasts. We measured total collagenase activity, MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-13 expressions, and activity along with their inhibitors, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2. In order to examine the effects of Ac-SDKP on the signaling pathway that controls MMP transcription, we also measured nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. Ac-SDKP did not alter collagenase or gelatinase activity in cardiac fibroblasts under basal conditions, but blunted the IL-1β-induced increase in total collagenase activity. Similarly, Ac-SDKP normalized the IL-1β-mediated increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and MMP-13 expression. Inhibition of MMPs by Ac-SDKP was associated with increased TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expressions. Collagen production was not affected by Ac-SDKP, IL-1β, or a combination of both agents. Ac-SDKP blocked IL-1β-induced p42/44 phosphorylation and NFκB activation in cardiac fibroblasts. We concluded that the Ac-SDKP-inhibited collagenase expression and activation was associated with increased expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. These pharmacological effects of Ac-SDKP may be linked to the inhibition of MAPK and NFκB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour-Eddine Rhaleb
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, E&R 7121, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA,
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Ortiz‐Capisano MC, Harding P, Beierwaltes WH. TRPC channels are involved in calcium‐sensing receptor mediated inhibition of renin release from Juxtaglomerular cells. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.909.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular ResearchHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
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Harding P, Xu J, Yang XP, Undrovinas A, Taube D. Abstract 67: Fractalkine is Increased in Cardiomyocyte-Specific EP4 Knockout Hearts and Decreases Cardiomyocyte Contractility. Hypertension 2012. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.60.suppl_1.a67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Our laboratory has reported that approximately half of aged male mice with cardiomyocyte-selective knockout of the prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor sub-type (EP4 KO) exhibit reduced cardiac function. Gene array on left ventricles (LV) of such mice showed elevated expression of fractalkine, a novel chemokine that is implicated in human heart failure, when compared with age-matched controls.
Hypothesis:
We therefore hypothesized that fractalkine protein is increased in EP4 KO hearts and contributes to depressed contractility.
Methods:
To test this hypothesis, echocardiography was performed on 28 week old male EP4 KO and wild type controls (WT), and fractalkine was measured in LV by ELISA. Additionally, the effect of fractalkine on single myocyte contractility and intracellular calcium was determined using the IonOptix myocyte contractility system. Myocytes (AVM) from male 16-20 week old C57Bl/6 mice were loaded with 1 μM Fura-2 AM and the response to 5 ng/ml fractalkine measured under basal conditions and after stimulation with 0.1 μM isoproterenol (Iso) with pacing at 3 Hz.
Results:
LV fractalkine was greater in EP4 KO than WT controls (0.34 vs 0.23 ng/mg protein, n=4, p <0.05). Under basal conditions, treatment of AVM for 10 min with 5 ng/ml fractalkine decreased both the speed of contraction and relaxation (from - 164.1 ± 22.8 to -100.4 ± 18.9 μm/sec, p < 0.05; and from 83.3 ± 16.8 to 38.2 ± 11.7 μm/sec respectively, p = 0.065, n = 22-33 cells). After stimulation with Iso, fractalkine also decreased both the speed of contraction and relaxation, from -568.8 ± 30.6 to -467.5 ± 40.5 μm/sec and from 407.0 ± 28.4 to 304.7 ± 37.5 μm/sec respectively, p < 0.05. In addition, fractalkine decreased the percent change in contraction after Iso stimulation from 10.3 ± 0.5 to 8.4 ± 0.8, p = 0.05. Surprisingly, fractalkine increased the percent change in the Fura-2 ratio after Iso stimulation from 115.8 ± 6.6 to 135.8 ± 6.2, p < 0.05 despite reducing contractility.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that fractalkine directly depresses myocyte contractility by mechanisms that are downstream of changes in intracellular calcium. Furthermore, these effects may contribute to the impaired contractility observed in EP4 KO mouse hearts.
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Atchison DK, Harding P, Cecilia Ortiz-Capisano M, Peterson EL, Beierwaltes WH. Parathyroid hormone stimulates juxtaglomerular cell cAMP accumulation without stimulating renin release. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2012; 303:F1157-65. [PMID: 22896038 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00269.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is positively coupled to the generation of cAMP via its actions on the PTH1R and PTH2R receptors. Renin secretion from juxtaglomerular (JG) cells is stimulated by elevated intracellular cAMP, and every stimulus that increases renin secretion is thought to do so via increasing cAMP. Thus we hypothesized that PTH increases renin release from primary cultures of mouse JG cells by elevating intracellular cAMP via the PTH1R receptor. We found PTH1R, but not PTH2R, mRNA expressed in JG cells. While PTH increased JG cell cAMP content from (log(10) means ± SE) 3.27 ± 0.06 to 3.92 ± 0.12 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.001), it did not affect renin release. The PTH1R-specific agonist, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), also increased JG cell cAMP from 3.13 ± 0.09 to 3.93 ± 0.09 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.001), again without effect on renin release. PTH2R receptor agonists had no effect on cAMP or renin release. PTHrP increased cAMP in the presence of both low and high extracellular calcium from 3.31 ± 0.17 to 3.83 ± 0.20 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.01) and from 3.29 ± 0.18 to 3.63 ± 0.22 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.05), respectively, with no effect on renin release. PTHrP increased JG cell cAMP in the presence of adenylyl cyclase-V inhibition from 2.85 ± 0.17 to 3.44 ± 0.14 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.001) without affecting renin release. As a positive control, forskolin increased JG cell cAMP from 3.39 ± 0.13 to 4.48 ± 0.07 fmol/mg protein (P < 0.01) and renin release from 2.96 ± 0.10 to 3.29 ± 0.08 ng ANG I·mg prot(-1)·h(-1) (P < 0.01). Thus PTH increases JG cell cAMP via non-calcium-sensitive adenylate cyclases without affecting renin release. These data suggest compartmentalization of cAMP signaling in JG cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas K Atchison
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Zhu L, Carretero OA, Xu J, Wang L, Harding P, Rhaleb NE, Yang JJ, Sumners C, Yang XP. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor-stimulated activation of plasma prekallikrein and bradykinin release: role of SHP-1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 302:H2553-9. [PMID: 22523247 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01157.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ANG II type 2 receptors (AT(2)R) elicit cardioprotective effects in part by stimulating the release of kinins; however, the mechanism(s) responsible have not been fully explored. We demonstrated previously that overexpression of AT(2)R increased expression of prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP; a plasma prekallikrein activator) and release of bradykinin by mouse coronary artery endothelial cells (ECs). In the present study we hypothesized that the AT(2)R-stimulated increase in PRCP is mediated by the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, which in turn activates the PRCP-dependent prekallikrein-kallikrein pathway and releases bradykinin. We found that activation of AT(2)R using the specific agonist CGP42112A increased SHP-1 activity in ECs, which was blocked by the AT(2)R antagonist PD123319. Activation of AT(2)R also enhanced conversion of plasma prekallikrein to kallikrein, and this effect was blunted by a small interfering RNA (siRNA) to SHP-1 and abolished by the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate. Treating cells with a siRNA to PRCP also blunted AT(2)R-stimulated prekallikrein activation and bradykinin release. Furthermore, blocking plasma kallikrein with soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) abolished AT(2)R-stimulated bradykinin release. These findings support our hypothesis that stimulation of AT(2)R activates a PRCP-dependent plasma prekallikrein pathway, releasing bradykinin. Activation of SHP-1 may also play an important role in AT(2)R-induced PRCP activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202-2689, USA
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Harding P, Murray DB. The contribution of prostaglandins versus prostacyclin in ventricular remodeling during heart failure. Life Sci 2011; 89:671-6. [PMID: 21855554 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of Cox-2 in the heart's response to physiologic stress remains controversial (i.e. expression in myocytes versus other resident myocardial cells) the ever expanding role of prostanoids in multiple models of heart failure cannot be denied. Due to the fact that prostanoids are metabolized rather quickly (half life of seconds to minutes) it is believed these signaling mediators act in a paracrine fashion at the site of production. Evidence to date is quite convincing that these bioactive lipid derivatives are involved in physiologic homeostatic regulation as well as beneficial and maladaptive ventricular remodeling in heart failure. Thus, this review will assess the direct contribution of each PG on remodeling in the left ventricle (e.g. hypertrophy, functional effects, and fibrosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Atchison DK, Harding P, Beierwaltes WH. Hypercalcemia reduces plasma renin via parathyroid hormone, renal interstitial calcium, and the calcium-sensing receptor. Hypertension 2011; 58:604-10. [PMID: 21825222 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.172890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute hypercalcemia inhibits plasma renin activity (PRA). How this occurs is unknown. We hypothesized that acute hypercalcemia inhibits PRA via the calcium-sensing receptor because of parathyroid hormone-mediated increases in renal cortical interstitial calcium via TRPV5. To test our hypothesis, acute in vivo protocols were run in sodium-restricted, anesthetized rats. TRPV5 messenger RNA expression was measured with real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Acute hypercalcemia significantly decreased PRA by 37% from 32.0±3.3 to 20.3±2.6 ng of angiotensin I per milliliter per hour (P<0.001). Acute hypercalcemia also significantly increased renal cortical interstitial calcium by 38% (1.73±0.06 mmol/L) compared with control values (1.25±0.05 mmol/L; P<0.001). PRA did not decrease in hypercalcemia in the presence of a calcium-sensing receptor antagonist, Ronacaleret (22.8±4.3 versus 21.6±3.6 ng of angiotensin I per milliliter per hour). Increasing plasma calcium did not decrease PRA in parathyroidectomized rats (22.5±2.6 versus 22.0±3.0 ng of angiotensin I per milliliter per hour). Parathyroidectomized rats were unable to increase their renal cortical interstitial calcium in response to hypercalcemia (1.01±0.11 mmol/L). Acutely replacing plasma parathyroid hormone levels did not modify the hypercalcemic inhibition of PRA in parathyroid-intact rats (39.1±10.9 versus 16.3±3.2 ng of angiotensin I per milliliter per hour; P<0.05). Renal cortical TRPV5 messenger RNA expression decreased by 67% in parathyroidectomized (P<0.001) compared with intact rats. Our data suggest that acute hypercalcemia inhibits PRA via the calcium-sensing receptor because of parathyroid hormone-mediated increases in renal cortical interstitial calcium via TRPV5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas K Atchison
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Peng H, Yang XP, Carretero OA, Nakagawa P, D'Ambrosio M, Leung P, Xu J, Peterson EL, González GE, Harding P, Rhaleb NE. Angiotensin II-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in Balb/c but not C57BL/6J mice. Exp Physiol 2011; 96:756-64. [PMID: 21602297 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.057612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Balb/c mice, which are T-helper lymphocyte 2 (Th2) responders, are highly susceptible to infectious and non-infectious heart diseases, whereas C57BL/6 mice (Th1 responders) are not. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is not only a vasopressor but also a pro-inflammatory factor that leads to cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction. We hypothesized that Ang II exacerbates cardiac damage in Balb/c but not in C57BL/6 mice even though both strains have a similar level of hypertension. Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6J and Balb/c mice received either vehicle or Ang II (1.4 mg kg(-1) day(-1), s.c. via osmotic minipump) for 8 weeks. At baseline, Balb/c mice exhibited the following: (1) a lower heart rate; (2) an enlarged left ventricular chamber; (3) a lower ejection fraction and shortening fraction; and (4) twice the left ventricular collagen deposition of age-matched C57BL/6J mice. Angiotensin II raised systolic blood pressure (to ∼150 mmHg) and induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in a similar manner in both strains. While C57BL/6J mice developed compensatory concentric hypertrophy and fibrosis in response to Ang II, Balb/c mice demonstrated severe left ventricular chamber dilatation, wall thinning and fibrosis, leading to congestive heart failure as evidenced by dramatically decreased ejection fraction and lung congestion (significant increase in lung weight), which are both characteristic of dilated cardiomyopathy. Our study suggests that the Th phenotype plays an active role in cardiac remodelling and function both in basal conditions and in hypertension. Angiotensin II-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in Balb/c mice is an ideal animal model for studying the impact of the adaptive immune system on cardiac remodelling and function and for testing strategies to prevent or treat hypertension-associated heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Peng
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Harding P, LaPointe MC. Prostaglandin E2 increases cardiac fibroblast proliferation and increases cyclin D expression via EP1 receptor. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2011; 84:147-52. [PMID: 21342756 PMCID: PMC3071899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PGE(2) affects growth of many cell types. Thus, we hypothesized that PGE(2) would stimulate growth of cardiac fibroblasts. To test our hypothesis we used neonatal rat ventricular fibroblasts (NVF). RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of all 4 PGE(2) receptor (EPs) mRNAs in NVF. Using flow cytometry, we found that PGE(2) decreased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 and increased the number of cells in S phase. PGE(2) also increased expression of cyclin D3, a known regulator of the cell cycle and this effect was mimicked by the EP1/EP3 agonist sulprostone. Next, we found that treatment of NVF with PGE(2) increased phosphorylation of p42/44 MAPK and Akt and that PGE(2)-stimulation of cyclin D3 was antagonized with both a MEK inhibitor and a PI3 kinase inhibitor. In conclusion, PGE(2) stimulates cardiac fibroblast proliferation via EP1 and/or EP3, p42/44 MAPK and Akt-regulation of cyclin D3. These results may be relevant to cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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He Q, LaPointe MC, Harding P. PGE2 reduces MMP expression and cell migration in neonatal ventricular fibroblasts. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.1031.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan He
- Hypertension & Vascular Research DivisionHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
| | - Margot C LaPointe
- Hypertension & Vascular Research DivisionHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research DivisionHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMI
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Harding P, Yang XP, He Q, Lapointe MC. Lack of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 reduces cardiac function following angiotensin II infusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 300:H1053-61. [PMID: 21193590 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00772.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory previously reported that inducible PGE(2) synthase, mPGES-1, contributes to micromolar production of PGE(2) in neonatal ventricular myocytes in vitro, which stimulates their growth. We therefore hypothesized that mPGES-1 contributes to cardiac hypertrophy following angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion. To test this hypothesis, we used 10- to 12-wk-old mPGES-1 knockout mice (mPGES-1 KO) and C57Bl/6 control mice infused for 8 wk with either 1.4 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) ANG II or vehicle subcutaneously. Blood pressure [systolic blood pressure (SBP)] was measured throughout the study, and cardiac function was assessed by M-mode echocardiography at baseline and at 8 wk of infusion. At the conclusion of the study, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate collagen fraction, myocyte cross-sectional area (MCSA), and apoptosis. At baseline, there was no difference in SBP between mPGES-1 KO mice and C57BL/6 controls. ANG II infusion increased SBP to similar levels in both strains. In control mice, infusion of ANG II increased MCSA and posterior wall thickness at diastole (PWTd) but had little effect on cardiac function, consistent with compensatory hypertrophy. In contrast, cardiac function was worse in mPGES-1 KO mice after ANG II treatment. Ejection fraction declined from 76.2 ± 2.7 to 63.3 ± 3.4% after ANG II, and left ventricular dimension at systole and diastole increased from 1.29 ± 0.02 to 1.78 ± 0.15 mm and from 2.57 ± 0.03 to 2.90 ± 0.13 mm, respectively. Infusion of ANG II increased both the LV-to-body weight and the mass-to-body weight ratios to a similar extent in both strains. However, PWTd increased by a lesser extent in KO mice, suggesting an impaired hypertrophic response. ANG II infusion increased collagen staining similarly in both strains, but TdT-dUTP nick end labeling staining was greater in mPGES-1 KO mice. Overall, these results are consistent with a beneficial effect for mPGES-1 in the maintenance of cardiac function in ANG II-dependent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Harding
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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Zhu L, Carretero OA, Liao TD, Harding P, Li H, Sumners C, Yang XP. Role of prolylcarboxypeptidase in angiotensin II type 2 receptor-mediated bradykinin release in mouse coronary artery endothelial cells. Hypertension 2010; 56:384-90. [PMID: 20606103 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.155051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Activation of angiotensin II type 2 receptors (AT(2)R) causes the release of kinins, which have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, it is not clear how AT(2)R interact with the kallikrein-kinin system to generate kinins. Prolylcarboxypeptidase is an endothelial membrane-bound plasma prekallikrein activator that converts plasma prekallikrein to kallikrein, leading to generation of bradykinin from high-molecular-weight kininogen. We hypothesized that AT(2)R-induced bradykinin release is at least in part mediated by activation of prolylcarboxypeptidase. Cultures of mouse coronary artery endothelial cells were transfected with an adenoviral vector containing the AT(2)R gene (Ad-AT(2)R) or green fluorescent protein only (Ad-GFP) as control. We found that overexpression of AT(2)R increased prolylcarboxypeptidase mRNA by 1.7-fold and protein 2.5-fold compared with Ad-GFP controls. AT(2)R overexpression had no effect on angiotensin II type 1 receptor mRNA. Bradykinin release was increased 2.2-fold in AT(2)R-transfected cells. Activation of AT(2)R by CGP42112A, a specific AT(2)R agonist, increased bradykinin further in AT(2)R-transfected cells. These effects were diminished or abolished by AT(2)R blockade or a plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Furthermore, blocking prolylcarboxypeptidase with a small interfering RNA partially but significantly reduced bradykinin release by transfected AT(2)R cells either at the basal condition or when stimulated by the AT(2)R agonist CGP42112A. These findings suggest that overexpression of AT(2)R in mouse coronary artery endothelial cells increases expression of prolylcarboxypeptidase, which may contribute to kinin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI 48202-2689, USA
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