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Li S, Xu Z, Zhang S, Sun H, Qin X, Zhu L, Jiang T, Zhou J, Yan F, Deng Q. Non-coding RNAs in acute ischemic stroke: from brain to periphery. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:116-129. [PMID: 38767481 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity, mortality, and disability. Accurate predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke remain undetermined. With innovations in high-throughput gene sequencing analysis, many aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the brain and peripheral blood after acute ischemic stroke have been found in clinical samples and experimental models. Differentially expressed ncRNAs in the post-stroke brain were demonstrated to play vital roles in pathological processes, leading to neuroprotection or deterioration, thus ncRNAs can serve as therapeutic targets in acute ischemic stroke. Moreover, distinctly expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis. In particular, ncRNAs in peripheral immune cells were recently shown to be involved in the peripheral and brain immune response after acute ischemic stroke. In this review, we consolidate the latest progress of research into the roles of ncRNAs (microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs) in the pathological processes of acute ischemic stroke-induced brain damage, as well as the potential of these ncRNAs to act as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction, diagnosis, and prognosis. Findings from this review will provide novel ideas for the clinical application of ncRNAs in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhaohan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiyao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaodan Qin
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuling Yan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Farahmand Y, Nabiuni M, Vafaei Mastanabad M, Sheibani M, Mahmood BS, Obayes AM, Asadi F, Davallou R. The exo-microRNA (miRNA) signaling pathways in pathogenesis and treatment of stroke diseases: Emphasize on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3917. [PMID: 38379232 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A major factor in long-term impairment is stroke. Patients with persistent stroke and severe functional disabilities have few therapy choices. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may contribute to the regulation of the pathophysiologic processes of ischemic stroke as shown by altered expression of lncRNAs and microRNA (miRNAs) in blood samples of acute ischemic stroke patients. On the other hand, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) increase neurogenesis, and angiogenesis, dampen neuroinflammation, and boost brain plasticity to improve functional recovery in experimental stroke models. MSCs can be procured from various sources such as the bone marrow, adipose tissue, and peripheral blood. Under the proper circumstances, MSCs can differentiate into a variety of mature cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Accordingly, the capability of MSCs to exert neuroprotection and also neurogenesis has recently attracted more attention. Nowadays, lncRNAs and miRNAs derived from MSCs have opened new avenues to alleviate stroke symptoms. Accordingly, in this review article, we examined various studies concerning the lncRNAs and miRNAs' role in stroke pathogenesis and delivered an overview of the therapeutic role of MSC-derived miRNAs and lncRNAs in stroke conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Farahmand
- School of Medicine, Terhan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabiuni
- Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Vafaei Mastanabad
- Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Sheibani
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ali Mohammed Obayes
- College of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Fatemeh Asadi
- Department of Genetics, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| | - Rosa Davallou
- Department of Neurology, Sayyad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Siences, Gorgan, Iran
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Mehta SL, Arruri V, Vemuganti R. Role of transcription factors, noncoding RNAs, epitranscriptomics, and epigenetics in post-ischemic neuroinflammation. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38279529 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke neuroinflammation is pivotal in brain repair, yet persistent inflammation can aggravate ischemic brain damage and hamper recovery. Following stroke, specific molecules released from brain cells attract and activate central and peripheral immune cells. These immune cells subsequently release diverse inflammatory molecules within the ischemic brain, initiating a sequence of events, including activation of transcription factors in different brain cell types that modulate gene expression and influence outcomes; the interactive action of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) to regulate multiple biological processes including inflammation, epitranscriptomic RNA modification that controls RNA processing, stability, and translation; and epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, hydroxymethylation, and histone modifications crucial in managing the genic response to stroke. Interactions among these events further affect post-stroke inflammation and shape the depth of ischemic brain damage and functional outcomes. We highlighted these aspects of neuroinflammation in this review and postulate that deciphering these mechanisms is pivotal for identifying therapeutic targets to alleviate post-stroke dysfunction and enhance recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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4
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Asadabadi T, Mokhtari MJ, Bayat M, Safari A, Borhani-Haghighi A. Association between Genetic Polymorphism of The lncRNA MIAT rs1894720 with Ischemic Stroke Risk and lncRNA MIAT Expression Levels in The Blood after An Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study. CELL JOURNAL 2023; 25:863-873. [PMID: 38192257 PMCID: PMC10777317 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2023.2003573.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic aspects can play an essential role in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke (IS). Rs1894720 polymorphism is one of the eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) locus. The aim of study is the lncRNA MIAT rs1894720 polymorphism decreases IS risk by reducing lncRNA MIAT expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, we studied 232 Iranian patients and 232 controls. The blood samples were collected from patients admitted at different times after stroke symptoms. We enrolled 80, 78, and 74 patients who arrived at the hospital between 0-24, 24-48, and 48-72 hours after the first appearance of symptoms, respectively. DNA genotyping was done by the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method. Circulating MIAT levels were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The GT genotype of MIAT rs1894720 showed a significant association with the risk of IS (OR=3.53, 95% CI=2.13-5.84, P<0.001). MIAT expression was higher relative to the control within the first hours after IS. The MIAT levels in IS patients with rs1894720 (GT) were significantly lower relative to patients who had the GG and TT genotypes. Linear regression model indicated a significant correlation between MIAT expression with atherosclerotic risk factors and types of stroke in IS patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the level of lncRNA MIAT after IS could be diagnostic with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82. The sensitivity and specificity were 80.17 and 67.24%, respectively (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the MIAT rs1894720 polymorphism (GT) might increase the risk of IS in the Iranian population. MIAT expression was up-regulated in our IS patients. Hence, it could be a diagnostic biomarker for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Asadabadi
- Department of Biology, Zarghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zarghan, Iran
| | | | - Mahnaz Bayat
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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5
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Beňačka R, Szabóová D, Guľašová Z, Hertelyová Z, Radoňak J. Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16213. [PMID: 38003403 PMCID: PMC10671391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are abundant single-stranded RNA molecules in human cells, involved in various cellular processes ranging from DNA replication and mRNA translation regulation to genome stability defense. MicroRNAs are multifunctional ncRNA molecules of 18-24 nt in length, involved in gene silencing through base-pair complementary binding to target mRNA transcripts. piwi-interacting RNAs are an animal-specific class of small ncRNAs sized 26-31 nt, responsible for the defense of genome stability via the epigenetic and post-transcriptional silencing of transposable elements. Long non-coding RNAs are ncRNA molecules defined as transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides, their function depending on localization, and varying from the regulation of cell differentiation and development to the regulation of telomere-specific heterochromatin modifications. The current review provides recent data on the several forms of small and long non-coding RNA's potential to act as diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic target for various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Beňačka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (R.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Daniela Szabóová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (R.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Zuzana Guľašová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (Z.G.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zdenka Hertelyová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 04011 Košice, Slovakia; (Z.G.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jozef Radoňak
- 1st Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital (UNLP) and Pavol Jozef Šafarik University, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
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Larrea A, Elexpe A, Díez-Martín E, Torrecilla M, Astigarraga E, Barreda-Gómez G. Neuroinflammation in the Evolution of Motor Function in Stroke and Trauma Patients: Treatment and Potential Biomarkers. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8552-8585. [PMID: 37998716 PMCID: PMC10670324 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has a significant impact on different pathologies, such as stroke or spinal cord injury, intervening in their pathophysiology: expansion, progression, and resolution. Neuroinflammation involves oxidative stress, damage, and cell death, playing an important role in neuroplasticity and motor dysfunction by affecting the neuronal connection responsible for motor control. The diagnosis of this pathology is performed using neuroimaging techniques and molecular diagnostics based on identifying and measuring signaling molecules or specific markers. In parallel, new therapeutic targets are being investigated via the use of bionanomaterials and electrostimulation to modulate the neuroinflammatory response. These novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have the potential to facilitate the development of anticipatory patterns and deliver the most beneficial treatment to improve patients' quality of life and directly impact their motor skills. However, important challenges remain to be solved. Hence, the goal of this study was to review the implication of neuroinflammation in the evolution of motor function in stroke and trauma patients, with a particular focus on novel methods and potential biomarkers to aid clinicians in diagnosis, treatment, and therapy. A specific analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities was conducted, highlighting the key challenges to be faced in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Larrea
- Research and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48170 Zamudio, Spain; (A.L.); (A.E.); (E.D.-M.); (E.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Ane Elexpe
- Research and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48170 Zamudio, Spain; (A.L.); (A.E.); (E.D.-M.); (E.A.)
| | - Eguzkiñe Díez-Martín
- Research and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48170 Zamudio, Spain; (A.L.); (A.E.); (E.D.-M.); (E.A.)
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - María Torrecilla
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Egoitz Astigarraga
- Research and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48170 Zamudio, Spain; (A.L.); (A.E.); (E.D.-M.); (E.A.)
| | - Gabriel Barreda-Gómez
- Research and Development Division, IMG Pharma Biotech, 48170 Zamudio, Spain; (A.L.); (A.E.); (E.D.-M.); (E.A.)
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Li Y, Zhang JK, Yu ZT, Jiang JW, Tang H, Tu GL, Xia Y. LncRNA XIST Exacerbates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Cerebral Injury Through the miR-25-3p/TRAF3 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6109-6120. [PMID: 37422573 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke causes lethal damage to the brain. Identifying key regulators of OGD/R-induced cerebral injury is important for developing novel therapies for ischemic stroke. HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells were treated with OGD/R as an in vitro ischemic stroke model. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined via CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines were examined by ELISA. Luciferase activity was measured for evaluating the interaction of XIST, miR-25-3p, and TRAF3. Bcl-2, Bax, Bad, cleaved-caspase 3, total caspase 3, and TRAF3 were detected via western blotting. HMC3 and SH-SY5Y cells showed increased XIST expression and decreased miR-25-3p expression following OGD/R. Importantly, silencing of XIST and overexpression of miR-25-3p reduced apoptosis and inflammatory response following OGD/R. Furthermore, XIST worked as a miR-25-3p sponge, and miR-25-3p targeted TRAF3 to suppress its expression. Moreover, the knockdown of TRAF3 ameliorated OGD/R-induced injury. Loss of XIST-mediated protective effects was reversed by overexpression of TRAF3. LncRNA XIST exacerbates OGD/R-induced cerebral damage via sponging miR-25-3p and enhancing TRAF3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Kun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Tao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Wen Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Long Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital at Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No. 43, People's Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Su ZY, Yu ZQ, Yao B, Zhao DX. Identification of immune and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway related feature lncRNAs to construct diagnostic nomograms for acute ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6492. [PMID: 37081063 PMCID: PMC10119310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify the immune and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway related feature lncRNAs to construct the diagnostic nomograms for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Two AIS-associated expression profiles GSE16561 and GSE22255 were downloaded from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus, the former was the training set and the latter was the validation set. The differential expression genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) related to TLR signaling pathway were identified between AIS and control groups. The single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to evaluate the immune infiltration. The immune and TLR signaling pathway related DElncRNAs were determined. Three optimization algorithms were utilized to select the immune and TLR signaling pathway related feature lncRNAs to construct the diagnostic nomograms of AIS. Based on the lncRNA signature, a ceRNA network was constructed. 37 DEGs and 28 DElncRNAs related to TLR signaling pathway were identified in GSE16561. 16 immune cell types exhibited significant differences in distribution between AIS and control groups. 28 immune and TLR signaling pathway related DElncRNAs were determined. 8 immune and TLR signaling pathway related feature lncRNAs were selected. The diagnostic nomograms of AIS performed well in both datasets. A ceRNA network was constructed consisting of 7 immune and TLR signaling pathway related feature lncRNAs as well as 19 AIS related miRNAs and 21 TLR signaling pathway related genes. LINC00173, LINC01089, LINC02210, MIR600HG, SNHG14, TP73-AS1, LINC00680 and CASC2 may be the potential biomarkers of AIS diagnosis, and TLR signaling pathway may be a promising immune related therapeutic target for AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Yi Su
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Jing Yue National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zi-Qiao Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Jing Yue National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Bo Yao
- School of Aeronautical Fundamentals, Aviation University of Air Force, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - De-Xi Zhao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Jing Yue National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun, 130117, China.
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9
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Luan W, Sun Z, Wu C, Tao M, Shen X. Neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke involves INPP5D expression mediated by the TMPO-AS1-PU.1 complex. Neurol Res 2023; 45:319-333. [PMID: 36417294 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2143615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the role of lncRNA TMPO-AS1 in ischemic stroke and corresponding mechanism. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke, then TMPO-AS1 shRNA lentivirus were injected into ipsilateral striatum of mice. The neurological score and cerebral infarction volume were evaluatedHypoxia/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced BV2 cells were transfected with TMPO-AS1 shRNA (sh-TMPO-AS1) or together with pcDNA-INPP5D, as well as transfected with sh-PU.1 or together with pcDNA-INPP5D, then TMPO-AS1 level, the expression of PU.1 and INPP5D proteins, the secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β), the levels of iNOS, CD68,Arg1 and CD206 mRNA were detected. RIP and PNA-pull down assays were used to detect the binding of TMPO-AS1 and PU.1, luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to detect the binding activity of PU.1 and INPP5D. RESULTS TMPO-AS1 level was increased in peripheral blood of ischemic stroke patients , brain tissues of MCAO/R model mice and OGD/R-induced BV2 cells. TMPO-AS1 interference inhibited the inflammation of OGD/R-induced BV2 cells. TMPO-AS1 also enhanced the nuclear accumulation of PU.1 by binding to the transcription factor PU.1, and promoted the transcriptional activation of INPP5D. The anti-inflammatory effects of TMPO-AS1 interference were reversed by INPP5D overexpression. In addition, TMPO-AS1 interference improved the infarct volume of MCAO mice, and improved sensorimotor and cognitive functions. CONCLUSION INPP5D underexpression mediated by TMPO-AS1-PU.1 complex alleviated neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Luan
- Neurology Department EEG Room, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Zhongwen Sun
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Chunmei Wu
- Neurology Department EEG Room, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Manli Tao
- Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shen
- Department of Neurology Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
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10
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Shen Y, Huang Z, Yang R, Chen Y, Wang Q, Gao L. Insights into Enhancer RNAs: Biogenesis and Emerging Role in Brain Diseases. Neuroscientist 2023; 29:166-176. [PMID: 34612730 DOI: 10.1177/10738584211046889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Enhancers are cis-acting elements that control the transcription of target genes and are transcribed into a class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) termed enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). eRNAs have shorter half-lives than mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs; however, the frequency of transcription of eRNAs is close to that of mRNAs. eRNA expression is associated with a high level of histone mark H3K27ac and a low level of H3K27me3. Although eRNAs only account for a small proportion of ncRNAs, their functions are important. eRNAs can not only increase enhancer activity by promoting the formation of enhancer-promoter loops but also regulate transcriptional activation. Increasing numbers of studies have found that eRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of brain diseases; however, further research into eRNAs is required. This review discusses the concept, characteristics, classification, function, and potential roles of eRNAs in brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linbo Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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11
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Potemkin N, Clarkson AN. Non-coding RNAs in stroke pathology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105467. [PMID: 36572063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Methods to alleviate functional deficits after ischemic stroke focus on restoration of cerebral blood flow to the affected area. However, pharmacological or surgical methods such as thrombolysis and thrombectomy have a narrow effective window. Harnessing and manipulating neurochemical processes of recovery may provide an alternative to these methods. Recently, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) have been increasingly investigated for their contributions to the pathology of diseases and potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Here we will review several ncRNA - H19, MALAT1, ANRIL, NEAT1, pseudogenes, small nucleolar RNA, piwi-interacting RNA and circular RNA - and their involvement in stroke pathology. We also examine these ncRNA as potential diagnostic biomarkers, particularly in circulating blood, and as targets for therapeutic interventions. An important aspect of this is a discussion of potential methods of treatment delivery to allow for targeting of interventions past the blood-brain barrier, including lipid nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, and viral and non-viral vectors. Overall, several long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) discussed here have strong implications for the development of pathology and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. LncRNAs H19 and ANRIL show potential as diagnostic biomarkers, while H19 and MALAT1 may prove to be effective therapeutics for both minimising damage as well as promoting recovery. Other ncRNA have also been implicated in ischemic stroke but are currently too poorly understood to make inferences for diagnosis or treatment. Whilst the field of ncRNAs is relatively new, significant work has already highlighted that ncRNAs represent a promising novel investigative tool for understanding stroke pathology, could be used as diagnostic biomarkers, and as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Potemkin
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Andrew N Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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12
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Knepp B, Ander BP, Jickling GC, Hull H, Yee AH, Ng K, Rodriguez F, Carmona-Mora P, Amini H, Zhan X, Hakoupian M, Alomar N, Sharp FR, Stamova B. Gene expression changes implicate specific peripheral immune responses to Deep and Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhages in humans. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2022; 3:155-176. [PMID: 36936603 PMCID: PMC10019834 DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The peripheral immune system response to Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) may differ with ICH in different brain locations. Thus, we investigated peripheral blood mRNA expression of Deep ICH, Lobar ICH, and vascular risk factor-matched control subjects (n = 59). Deep ICH subjects usually had hypertension. Some Lobar ICH subjects had cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Genes and gene networks in Deep ICH and Lobar ICH were compared to controls. We found 774 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 2 co-expressed gene modules associated with Deep ICH, and 441 DEGs and 5 modules associated with Lobar ICH. Pathway enrichment showed some common immune/inflammatory responses between locations including Autophagy, T Cell Receptor, Inflammasome, and Neuroinflammation Signaling. Th2, Interferon, GP6, and BEX2 Signaling were unique to Deep ICH. Necroptosis Signaling, Protein Ubiquitination, Amyloid Processing, and various RNA Processing terms were unique to Lobar ICH. Finding amyloid processing pathways in blood of Lobar ICH patients suggests peripheral immune cells may participate in processes leading to perivascular/vascular amyloid in CAA vessels and/or are involved in its removal. This study identifies distinct peripheral blood transcriptome architectures in Deep and Lobar ICH, emphasizes the need for considering location in ICH studies/clinical trials, and presents potential location-specific treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodie Knepp
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Bradley P. Ander
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Glen C. Jickling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Heather Hull
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Alan H. Yee
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kwan Ng
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Paulina Carmona-Mora
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Hajar Amini
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marisa Hakoupian
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Noor Alomar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Frank R. Sharp
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Boryana Stamova
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Han Z, Li L, Tao Z, Wang R, Zhao H, Zheng Y, Yang Z, Zhong L, Fan J, Luo Y. Neutrophilic noncoding RNAs predict outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1003806. [PMID: 36278201 PMCID: PMC9582270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1003806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There’s no evidence demonstrating the association between noncoding RNAs levels before IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) administration and the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). 145 AIS patients received rtPA treatment were recruited at the stroke center from 2018 to 2019, and 103 patients were included in this study. A panel of noncoding RNAs (miRNA-23a, miRNA-193a, miRNA-128, miRNA-99a, miRNA-let-7a, miRNA-494, miRNA-424, and lncRNA H19) were measured in the circulating neutrophils of AIS patients before rtPA treatment. Endpoints included excellent outcome (modified Rankin Scale score [mRS] 0–1) or poor outcome (mRS > 1) at 3 months and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) after rtPA treatment. Among the eight noncoding RNAs detected in circulating neutrophils of the 103 participants, miRNA-23a levels were associated with the stroke severity on admission and symptom progression at 24 h after rtPA treatment. A noncoding RNA score composed of miRNA-23a, miRNA-99a, and lncRNA H19 was screened to predict the functional outcome at 3 months and the incidence of sICH after rtPA treatment. In the logistic regression analysis, the noncoding RNA score ≥ −0.336 (OR = 2.862 [1.029–7.958], p = 0.044) was an independent predictor of the poor outcome at 3 months after adjustment of clinical variables, the addition of the noncoding RNA score to the clinical model improved the discrimination (IDI% = 4.68 [0.65–8.71], p = 0.020), as well as the net reclassification (NRI% = 33.04 [0.54–71.49], p = 0.016). The noncoding RNA score ≥ −0.336 (OR = 5.250 [1.096–25.135], p = 0.038) was also independently predicted the sICH, the addition of the noncoding RNA score to the clinical variables improved discrimination and reclassification as well. The noncoding RNA score was also associated with the infarct volume and symptom improvement at 7 days after rtPA treatment. In conclusion, a higher neutrophilic noncoding RNA score provides predictive value to identify AIS patients with worse outcomes after rtPA treatment. miRNA-23a, miRNA-99a, and lncRNA H19 are worth further investigation for their effects in thrombolysis after AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhong Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhong
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfen Fan, ; Yumin Luo,
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junfen Fan, ; Yumin Luo,
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Mohammed A, Shaker OG, Khalil MAF, Gomaa M, Fathy SA, Abu-El-Azayem AK, Samy A, Aboelnor MI, Gomaa MS, Zaki OM, Erfan R. Long non-coding RNA NBAT1, TUG1, miRNA-335, and miRNA-21 as potential biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke and their possible correlation to thyroid hormones. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:914506. [PMID: 36250025 PMCID: PMC9565477 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.914506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: RNA-based mechanisms of epigenetic modification related to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have been widely studied recently. The current work aimed to determine the potential roles of four ncRNAs (TUG1 and its target miR-21, NBAT1, and miR-335) as promising diagnostic biomarkers in AIS as well as their involvement in the disease pathogenesis. Methods: The levels of the studied lncRNAs and miRNAs were measured in the serum for two different groups, including patients with AIS (60) and healthy controls (60). All individuals were subjected to a full history investigation and clinical examination. Blood samples were tested for FBS, 2HPP, TAG, HDL, LDL, TSH, T3, and T4 levels. Results: The serum levels of TUG1 were significantly increased in AIS patients compared to control subjects. It is worthwhile to note that serum TUG1 levels were positively correlated with cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, carotid IMT (Intima-media thickness), and miR-21, while they were negatively correlated with HDL levels. Our study showed that NBAT1 serum expression levels were elevated in AIS patients compared to controls. NBAT1 expression levels were observed to be positively correlated with triglycerides, TUG1, and miR-21. NBAT1 could distinguish between AIS patients and controls with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100% at a cut-off point of 1.45. Regarding miR-335, we found that its expression levels were downregulated in AIS patients compared with healthy controls. It could distinguish between AIS patients and controls with a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 100% at a cut-off point of 0.796. Conclusion: Our results revealed that serum TUG1, miR-21, NBAT1, and miR-335 could be promising molecular diagnostic markers for AIS as these biomarkers could discriminate between AIS patients and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. F. Khalil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud A. F. Khalil, ; Randa Erfan,
| | - Mohammed Gomaa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. Fathy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer K. Abu-El-Azayem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Samy
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud I. Aboelnor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Gomaa
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Othman M. Zaki
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Randa Erfan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud A. F. Khalil, ; Randa Erfan,
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15
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Falcione S, Munsterman D, Joy T, Kamtchum-Tatuene J, Sykes G, Jickling G. Association of Thrombin Generation With Leukocyte Inflammatory Profile in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neurology 2022; 99:e1356-e1363. [PMID: 35790427 PMCID: PMC9576286 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Thrombosis is central to the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke, with higher thrombin generation being associated with increased stroke risk. The immune system may contribute to thrombin generation in stroke and thus may offer novel strategies for stroke prevention. This study addresses the research question regarding the relationship of thrombin generation to leukocyte gene expression in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS We isolated RNA from whole blood and examined the relationship to thrombin generation capacity in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Due to its effects on thrombin generation, patients on anticoagulants were excluded from the study. The relationship of gene expression with peak thrombin was evaluated by analysis of covariance across peak thrombin quartiles adjusted for sex and age. RESULTS In 97 patients with acute ischemic stroke, peak thrombin was variable, ranging from 252.0 to 752.4 nM. Increased peak thrombin was associated with differences in thromboinflammatory leukocyte gene expression, including a decrease in ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 and an increase in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-activating protein, protein disulfide isomerase family A member 5, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2. Pathways associated with peak thrombin included interleukin 6 signaling, thrombin signaling, and NF-κB signaling. A linear discriminant analysis model summarizing the immune activation associated with peak thrombin in a first cohort of stroke could distinguish patients with low peak thrombin from high peak thrombin in a second cohort of 112 patients with acute ischemic stroke. DISCUSSION The identified genes and pathways support a role of the immune system contributing to thrombus formation in patients with stroke. These may have relevance to antithrombotic strategies for stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Falcione
- From the Division of Neurology (S.F., D.M., T.J., G.S., G.J.), Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Danielle Munsterman
- From the Division of Neurology (S.F., D.M., T.J., G.S., G.J.), Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Twinkle Joy
- From the Division of Neurology (S.F., D.M., T.J., G.S., G.J.), Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Joseph Kamtchum-Tatuene
- From the Division of Neurology (S.F., D.M., T.J., G.S., G.J.), Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gina Sykes
- From the Division of Neurology (S.F., D.M., T.J., G.S., G.J.), Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Glen Jickling
- From the Division of Neurology (S.F., D.M., T.J., G.S., G.J.), Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke: Noncoding RNA Role in Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5815843. [PMID: 36132228 PMCID: PMC9484962 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5815843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a neurological disease that causes significant disability and death worldwide. Ischemic stroke accounts for 75% of all strokes. The pathophysiological processes underlying ischemic stroke include oxidative stress, the toxicity of excitatory amino acids, ion disorder, enhanced apoptosis, and inflammation. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) may have a vital role in regulating the pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke, as confirmed by the altered expression of ncRNAs in blood samples from acute ischemic stroke patients, animal models, and oxygen-glucose-deprived (OGD) cell models. Due to specific changes in expression, ncRNAs can potentially be biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ischemic stroke. As an important brain cell component, glial cells mediate the occurrence and progression of oxidative stress after ischemic stroke, and ncRNAs are an irreplaceable part of this mechanism. This review highlights the impact of ncRNAs in the oxidative stress process of ischemic stroke. It focuses on specific ncRNAs that underlie the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and have potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Differential expression of non-coding RNAs and association with cerebral ischemic vascular disorders; diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. Genes Genomics 2022:10.1007/s13258-022-01281-6. [PMID: 35802344 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last few decades, research associated with the coding genome, primarily DNA and transcriptome (mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA), has changed our understanding in several aspects, including physiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. A large proportion of the human genome that encodes proteins is essential for physiology. However, the human genome represents a significantly large proportion of non-translational, i.e., non-coding (nc) RNAs like microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. These ncRNAs do not translate into functional proteins but are associated with several events, such as the regulation of gene expression via several mechanisms. Our understanding of ncRNAs has advanced in the last decade, such as microRNAs and siRNAs, but still, several other ncRNAs remain unexplored. The study comprehended the association of ncRNAs in cerebral ischemia. METHODS In this study searches utilizing multiple databases, PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were made. The literature survey was done on ncRNA including short and lncRNA associated with the onset, and progression of cerebral ischemia. The literature search was also made for the studies associated with the diagnostic and therapeutic role of ncRNAs for cerebral ischemia. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Reports suggested that both short and long ncRNAs are critical players of gene expression and are hence associated with the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. The reports demonstrate ncRNAs precisely lncRNAs and microRNAs are not only associated with cerebral ischemia progression but also potential diagnostic and therapeutic candidates. IN CONCLUSION This review is certainly helpful to understand the interplay of ncRNAs in understanding gene expression profile and pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. These ncRNAs molecules show potential for diagnostic and therapeutic development.
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Zakutansky PM, Feng Y. The Long Non-Coding RNA GOMAFU in Schizophrenia: Function, Disease Risk, and Beyond. Cells 2022; 11:1949. [PMID: 35741078 PMCID: PMC9221589 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric diseases are among the most common brain developmental disorders, represented by schizophrenia (SZ). The complex multifactorial etiology of SZ remains poorly understood, which reflects genetic vulnerabilities and environmental risks that affect numerous genes and biological pathways. Besides the dysregulation of protein-coding genes, recent discoveries demonstrate that abnormalities associated with non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), also contribute to the pathogenesis of SZ. lncRNAs are an actively evolving family of non-coding RNAs that harbor greater than 200 nucleotides but do not encode for proteins. In general, lncRNA genes are poorly conserved. The large number of lncRNAs specifically expressed in the human brain, together with the genetic alterations and dysregulation of lncRNA genes in the SZ brain, suggests a critical role in normal cognitive function and the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases. A particular lncRNA of interest is GOMAFU, also known as MIAT and RNCR2. Growing evidence suggests the function of GOMAFU in governing neuronal development and its potential roles as a risk factor and biomarker for SZ, which will be reviewed in this article. Moreover, we discuss the potential mechanisms through which GOMAFU regulates molecular pathways, including its subcellular localization and interaction with RNA-binding proteins, and how interruption to GOMAFU pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Zakutansky
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell and Developmental Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Liu J, Guo X, Yang L, Tao T, Cao J, Hong Z, Zeng F, Lu Y, Lin C, Qin Z. Effect of Celastrol on LncRNAs and mRNAs Profiles of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Mice Model. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:889292. [PMID: 35677353 PMCID: PMC9169531 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.889292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol plays a significant role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although previous studies have confirmed that celastrol post-treatment has a protective effect on ischemic stroke, the therapeutic effect of celastrol on ischemic stroke and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. In the present study, focal transient cerebral ischemia was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in mice and celastrol was administered immediately after reperfusion. We performed lncRNA and mRNA analysis in the ischemic hemisphere of adult mice with celastrol post-treatment through RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq). A total of 50 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and 696 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE mRNAs) were identified between the sham and tMCAO group, and a total of 544 DE lncRNAs and 324 DE mRNAs were identified between the tMCAO and tMCAO + celastrol group. Bioinformatic analysis was done on the identified deregulated genes through gene ontology (GO) analysis, KEGG pathway analysis and network analysis. Pathway analysis indicated that inflammation-related signaling pathways played vital roles in the treatment of ischemic stroke by celastrol. Four DE lncRNAs and 5 DE mRNAs were selected for further validation by qRT-PCR in brain tissue, primary neurons, primary astrocytes, and BV2 cells. The results of qRT-PCR suggested that most of selected differentially expressed genes showed the same fold change patterns as those in RNA-Seq results. Our study suggests celastrol treatment can effectively reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The bioinformatics analysis of lnRNAs and mRNAs profiles in the ischemic hemisphere of adult mice provides a new perspective in the neuroprotective effects of celastrol, particularly with regards to ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xiangna Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zexuan Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanning Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitian Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunshui Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chunshui Lin,
| | - Zaisheng Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Zaisheng Qin,
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20
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Wang Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Chen T, Han T, Xue L, Xu B. Systemically Silencing Long Non-coding RNAs Maclpil With Short Interfering RNA Nanoparticles Alleviates Experimental Ischemic Stroke by Promoting Macrophage Apoptosis and Anti-inflammatory Activation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:876087. [PMID: 35600488 PMCID: PMC9120540 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.876087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maclpil is a proinflammatory long non-coding RNA highly expressed on monocyte-derived macrophages in the ischemic brain. This study investigated the impact and the mechanisms of systemically delivering nanoparticle Maclpil short interfering RNA (siRNA) on experimental ischemic stroke in a mouse model. Methods Ischemic stroke (focal cerebral ischemia) was induced in male C57BL/6 mice through the middle cerebral artery occlusion. Three hours thereafter, mice were intravenously injected with Maclpil siRNA or scramble siRNA nanoparticles. Bone marrow cell-derived macrophages were transfected with Maclpil or scramble siRNA and subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation culture. The influence of silencing Maclpil on stroke outcomes, neuroinflammation, and macrophage fates was assessed via histology, flow cytometry, Western blotting, and quantitative PCR analysis. Results Three days following stroke induction, siRNA silencing Maclpil substantially reduced ischemic infarction size and improved neurological behaviors. Silencing Maclpil also markedly attenuated the accumulation of monocyte-derived macrophages, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in the ischemic hemisphere without affecting microglia cellularity. Reciprocally, myeloid cells and both subsets of T cells were elevated in mouse peripheral blood following Maclpil siRNA treatment. Under oxygen glucose deprivation conditions that mimicked hypoxia and hypoglycemia in vitro, Maclpil siRNA silencing augmented macrophage apoptosis in conjunction with upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and caspase 3 expressions. siRNA knocking down Maclpil skewed macrophages from proinflammatory classical toward anti-inflammatory alternative activation as evidenced by increased arginase 1, Ym1, and Fizz1 and reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase, IL-1β, and TNF-α mRNA levels. Consistent with macrophage phenotype switching, silencing Maclpil by siRNA enhanced fatty acid oxidation as indicated by increased mRNA levels of 3 key metabolic enzymes (ACADM, ACADVL, and HADHA). Conclusion Systemically silencing Maclpil by siRNA nanoparticles attenuated experimental ischemic stroke by promoting macrophage apoptosis and anti-inflammatory alternative activation. Identifying and targeting Maclpil human homolog(s) may help develop a novel therapy for stroke clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Wang,
| | - Cuiying Liu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tiffany Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Tao Han
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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21
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Li S, Zhang L, Lin J, Su A, Liu X, Zhang J, Xian X, Hu Y, Li W, Sun S, Zhang M. LncRNA BIRF Promotes Brain Ischemic Tolerance Induced By Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning Through Upregulating GLT-1 via Sponging miR-330-5p. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3996-4014. [PMID: 35451738 PMCID: PMC9167204 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important regulatory role in various diseases. However, the role of lncRNAs in brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIPC) is still unknown. The lncRNA profile of rat cortical astrocytes pretreated with ischemic preconditioning was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results of Cell-Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay showed that a novel lncRNA, NONRATT009133.2, which we referred to as brain ischemia-related factor (BIRF), was highly correlated with BIT. Through bioinformatics analysis, we predicted that BIRF, miR-330-5p, and GLT-1 (also named Slc1a2) might constitute a ceRNA regulatory network in the induction of BIT. We found that BIRF was upregulated by CIPC, which promoted GLT-1 expression and BIT induction. BIRF could directly bind to miR-330-5p. Furthermore, miR-330-5p directly targeted GLT-1, and miR-330-5p inhibited both GLT-1 expression and BIT induction in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, BIRF acts as a molecular sponge to competitively bind to miR-330-5p with GLT-1 mRNA, while the miR-330-5p inhibitor reversed all the effects of BIRF siRNA on GLT-1 expression and neuronal vitality. Taken together, our results demonstrate the important roles of the BIRF/miR-330-5p/GLT-1 axis in the induction of BIT by CIPC. BIRF may be a potentially effective therapeutic strategy against stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Li
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lingyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiajie Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Achou Su
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaohui Xian
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shaoguang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention of Hebei Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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22
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Noncoding RNA as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Cerebrovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8149701. [PMID: 35498129 PMCID: PMC9042605 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8149701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs). They are effectively detectable in body fluids, potentially suggesting new biomarkers for the early detection and prognosis of CVDs. In this review, the physiological functions of circulating ncRNAs and their potential role as diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients with cerebrovascular diseases are discussed, especially in acute ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and moyamoya disease.
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23
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Circulating Non-coding RNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1572-1585. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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The Diagnostic Value of Whole Blood lncRNA NR_120420 for Acute Ischemic Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1167394. [PMID: 35251465 PMCID: PMC8890857 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1167394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Current clinical practice based on CT or multimodal images to diagnose ischemic stroke always led to substantial treatment delay. We perform this study to explore possible circulating lncRNA biomarker to help promptly diagnose the disease. Methods We used microarray to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs in the peripheral whole blood between AIS patients and controls and verified the results by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determinate the lncRNAs independently associated with AIS occurrence. The ROC curve was used to detect the diagnostic accuracy of candidate lncRNAs in AIS and AIS subtypes, which was classified according to the Oxford Community Stroke Project (OCSP) criteria. Results The microarray analysis screened out 5686 differentially expressed lncRNAs. Among the nine selected lncRNAs verified by qPCR, NR_120420 (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.02-1.65, P = 0.037) was found independently associated with AIS after balancing patient baseline characteristics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis concerning NR_120420 in total anterior circulation infarction subgroup showed that the area under the curve was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.73-0.99, P = 0.003), and at the optimal cutoff point of 1.93, the sensitivity and specificity reached 85.7% and 84.6%, respectively. Conclusion Our study indicated that NR_120420 could predict the total anterior circulation infarction with high sensitivity and specificity and could be potentially used as a biomarker for total anterior circulation infarction in AIS patients.
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25
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Stroke Genomics: Current Knowledge, Clinical Applications and Future Possibilities. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030302. [PMID: 35326259 PMCID: PMC8946102 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of stoke involves many complex pathways and risk factors. Though there are several ongoing studies on stroke, treatment options are limited, and the prevalence of stroke is continuing to increase. Understanding the genomic variants and biological pathways associated with stroke could offer novel therapeutic alternatives in terms of drug targets and receptor modulations for newer treatment methods. It is challenging to identify individual causative mutations in a single gene because many alleles are responsible for minor effects. Therefore, multiple factorial analyses using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be used to gain new insight by identifying potential genetic risk factors. There are many studies, such as Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Phenome-Wide Association Studies (PheWAS) which have identified numerous independent loci associated with stroke, which could be instrumental in developing newer drug targets and novel therapies. Additionally, using analytical techniques, such as meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization could help in evaluating stroke risk factors and determining treatment priorities. Combining SNPs into polygenic risk scores and lifestyle risk factors could detect stroke risk at a very young age and help in administering preventive interventions.
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26
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Li X, Yang Y, Liang L, Fan M, Li X, Feng N, Pan Y, Tan Q, Xu Q, Xie Y, Guo F. Effect Of XBP1 Deficiency In Cartilage On The Regulatory Network Of LncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:315-330. [PMID: 34975335 PMCID: PMC8692151 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
X-box binding protein 1(XBP1) is a critical component for unfolded protein response (UPR) in ER stress. According to previous studies performed with different XBP1-deficient mice, the XBP1 gene affects mouse cartilage development and causes other related diseases. However, how the complete transcriptome, including mRNA and ncRNAs, affects the function of cartilage and other tissues when XBP1 is deficient in chondrocytes is unclear. In this study, we aimed to screen the differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs in XBP1 cartilage-specific knockout (CKO) mice using high throughput sequencing and construct the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. DE LncRNAs (DE-LncRNAs), circRNAs (DE-circRNAs), miRNAs (DE-miRNAs), and mRNAs [differentially expressed genes (DEGs)] between the cartilage tissue of XBP1 CKO mice and controls were identified, including 441 DE-LncRNAs, 15 DE-circRNAs, 6 DE-miRNAs, and 477 DEGs. Further, 253,235 lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks and 1,822 circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed based on the correlation between lncRNAs/circRNAs, miRNAs, mRNAs. The whole transcriptome analysis revealed that XBP1 deficiency in cartilage affects the function of cartilage and other different tissues, as well as associated diseases. Overall, our findings may provide potential biomarkers and mechanisms for the diagnosis and treatment of cartilage and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuyou Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mengtian Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Naibo Feng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yiming Pan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yangli Xie
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Fengjin Guo
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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27
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Garcia-Bonilla L, Iadecola C, Anrather J. Inflammation and Immune Response. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Jickling GC, Sharp FR. OMICs in Stroke. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Arefian N. Emerging Impact of Non-coding RNAs in the Pathology of Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:780489. [PMID: 34867304 PMCID: PMC8640345 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.780489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is an acute cerebral vascular event with high mortality and morbidity. Though the precise pathophysiologic routes leading to this condition are not entirely clarified, growing evidence from animal and human experiments has exhibited the impact of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of IS. Various lncRNAs namely MALAT1, linc-SLC22A2, linc-OBP2B-1, linc_luo_1172, linc-DHFRL1-4, SNHG15, linc-FAM98A-3, H19, MEG3, ANRIL, MIAT, and GAS5 are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of IS. Meanwhile, lots of miRNAs contribute in this process. Differential expression of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the sera of IS patients versus unaffected individuals has endowed these transcripts the aptitude to distinguish at risk patients. Despite conduction of comprehensive assays for evaluation of the influence of lncRNAs/miRNAs in the pathogenesis of IS, therapeutic impacts of these transcripts in IS have not been clarified. In the present paper, we review the impact of lncRNAs/miRNAs in the pathobiology of IS through assessment of evidence provided by human and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Noormohammad Arefian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University Hospital, Tehra, Iran
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30
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Tuttolomondo A, Pinto A. Key lncRNAs involved in ischemic strokes. Epigenomics 2021; 14:61-64. [PMID: 34775807 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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31
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Qiu M, Xu E, Zhan L. Epigenetic Regulations of Microglia/Macrophage Polarization in Ischemic Stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:697416. [PMID: 34707480 PMCID: PMC8542724 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.697416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Microglia/macrophages (MMs)-mediated neuroinflammation contributes significantly to the pathological process of ischemic brain injury. Microglia, serving as resident innate immune cells in the central nervous system, undergo pro-inflammatory phenotype or anti-inflammatory phenotype in response to the microenvironmental changes after cerebral ischemia. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetics modifications, reversible modifications of the phenotype without changing the DNA sequence, could play a pivotal role in regulation of MM polarization. However, the knowledge of the mechanism of epigenetic regulations of MM polarization after cerebral ischemia is still limited. In this review, we present the recent advances in the mechanisms of epigenetics involved in regulating MM polarization, including histone modification, non-coding RNA, and DNA methylation. In addition, we discuss the potential of epigenetic-mediated MM polarization as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke. It is valuable to identify the underlying mechanisms between epigenetics and MM polarization, which may provide a promising treatment strategy for neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqian Qiu
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - En Xu
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixuan Zhan
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
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32
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The progress of research on histone methylation in ischemic stroke pathogenesis. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 78:1-8. [PMID: 34472033 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Stroke, also known as cerebral stroke or cerebrovascular accident, refers to acute ischemic or hemorrhagic encephalopathy caused by a disturbance to cerebral blood flow. Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebral stroke, accounting for approximately 80% of the total incidence of clinical stroke. High morbidity, disability, and mortality rates place heavy burdens on the families of patients and society. An increasing number of studies have shown that histone modification plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, but most studies on histone modification focus on acetylation, and studies on the role of histone methylation in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke are limited. Here, we review the role of histone methylation and related histone methyltransferase (HMT) inhibitors in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and related HMT inhibitors in the treatment of ischemic stroke, which may open up a new avenue to the study of ischemic stroke.
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33
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Shaker O, Sroor W, Ali O, Soliman H, Abdeen M. Association between MEG3 polymorphisms (rs941576 and rs7158663) and risk of acute ischemic stroke in Egyptian patients. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Li L, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Yin S, Chi S, Han F, Wang W. Knockdown of lncRNA TUG1 attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating miR-142-3p. Biofactors 2021; 47:819-827. [PMID: 34153134 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system. At present, there is no specific treatment for CI/RI. It is necessary to explore the mechanism of CI/RI and find new ways to prevent and treat CI/RI. An oxygen and glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R) model was established to evaluate the effects of mouse astrocytes (MA-C) cell viability and apoptosis of stepwise exposure to oxygen and glucose deprivation followed by their replenishment. This assessment included using taurine upregulated gene 1-small interfering RNAs (TUG1-siRNA) transfection to determine the effects of TUG1 knockdown on MA-C survival and apoptosis. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to evaluate TUG1 and miR-142-3p expression levels. The luciferase gene reporter assay was performed to validate that miR-142-3p is a TUG1 target. Accordingly, the effects of miR-142-3p knockdown on TUG1-induced MA-C apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to detect cell growth viability. Western blotting analysis was performed to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins. TUG1 was upregulated, while miR-142-3p was downregulated in the OGD/R model of MA-C cells. Inhibiting the expression of TUG1 could protect MA-C cells and reverse the decrease in growth viability and increasing apoptosis of MA-C cells caused by OGD/R stimulation. On the other hand, the inhibition of miR-142-3p offset the effect of TUG1 knockdown on cell viability and apoptosis. Inhibition of OGD/R-induced increases in TUG1 expression that in turn reduces miR-142-3p upregulation may suppress reperfusion-induced losses in cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leibing Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Emergency Department, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Shixiao Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Shaohua Chi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
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35
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Chen J, Jin J, Zhang X, Yu H, Zhu X, Yu L, Chen Y, Liu P, Dong X, Cao X, Gu Y, Bao X, Xia S, Xu Y. Microglial lnc-U90926 facilitates neutrophil infiltration in ischemic stroke via MDH2/CXCL2 axis. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2873-2885. [PMID: 33895326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However, the potential role of lncRNAs in post-stroke microglial activation remains largely unknown. Here, we uncovered that lncRNA-U90926 was significantly increased in microglia exposed to ischemia/reperfusion both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, adenovirus-associated virus (AAV)-mediated microglial U90926 silencing alleviated neurological deficits and reduced infarct volume in experimental stroke mice. Microglial U90926 knockdown could reduce the infiltration of neutrophils into ischemic lesion site, which might be attributed to the downregulation of C-X-C motif ligand 2 (CXCL2). Mechanistically, U90926 directly bound to malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2) and competitively inhibited the binding of MDH2 to the CXCL2 3' untranslated region (UTR), thus protecting against MDH2-mediated decay of CXCL2 mRNA. Taken together, our study demonstrated that microglial U90926 aggravated ischemic brain injury via facilitating neutrophil infiltration, suggesting that U90926 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Jin
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Hailong Yu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Linjie Yu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yanting Chen
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Pinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Institute of Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
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Liu N, Peng A, Sun H, Zhuang Y, Yu M, Wang Q, Wang J. LncRNA AC136007.2 alleviates cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury by suppressing autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:19587-19597. [PMID: 34419936 PMCID: PMC8386572 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Differential expression and diagnostic significance of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) AC136007.2 has been reported in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its role on disease progression and outcome remains unclear. Here, we employed an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells and performed middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery in rats to investigate the function of AC136007.2 in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. AC136007.2 expression was determined by RT-qPCR and cell viability was examined using CCK-8, Edu, LDH, and apoptosis assays. Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was assessed using ELISA. OGD/R downregulated AC136007.2 expression in SH-SY5Y cells, decreased viability by inducing apoptosis, and stimulated secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. In turn, lentivirus-mediated AC136007.2 overexpression significantly reversed these phenomena. LC3 immunofluorescence and western blotting analyses of LC3-I/II and Beclin-1 expression and AMPK/mTOR phosphorylation status showed that AC136007.2 suppressed autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells via inactivation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Notably, incubation with the AMPK activator AICAR abolished the pro-survival effect of AC136007.2 upon OGD/R treatment. Importantly, intraventricular injection of AC136007.2 significantly reduced cerebral infarction and brain edema in MCAO rats, as shown by TTC staining and water content measurements. We conclude that AC136007.2 alleviates cerebral I/R injury by suppressing AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Aini Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Jilin Provincial FAW General Hospital, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuansu Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zhang M, Yang JK, Ma J. Regulation of the long noncoding RNA XIST on the inflammatory polarization of microglia in cerebral infarction. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:924. [PMID: 34306193 PMCID: PMC8281447 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory polarization of microglia aggravates brain injury in cerebral infarction. The present study focused on the role of long non-coding (lnc)RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in the phenotype modulation of microglia. It was revealed that lncRNA XIST was significantly upregulated in both a mouse cerebral infarction model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and an activated microglial model induced by oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD). The overexpression of XIST enhanced the expression and release of pro-inflammatory mediators [such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, and iNOS] in microglia. Culture supernatant from lncRNA XIST-overexpressed microglial cells induced the apoptosis of primary neurons, while TNF-α antibody counteracted this neurotoxic effect. LncRNA XIST served as a sponge for miR-96-5p, counteracting its inhibitory effect on IKKβ/NF-κB signaling and TNF-α production. Notably, TNF-α was positively regulated by XIST and in turn enhanced XIST expression in microglia. The lncRNA XIST-TNF-α feedback promoted the proinflammatory polarization of microglia, thereby exacerbating cerebral neuron apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Kai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Meteorological Service and Applied Meteorology, Ren County Meteorological Bureau of Hebei Province, Xingtai, Hebei 055150, P.R. China
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38
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New epigenetic players in stroke pathogenesis: From non-coding RNAs to exosomal non-coding RNAs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111753. [PMID: 34044272 PMCID: PMC8222190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical role in the pathophysiology as well as recovery after ischemic stroke. ncRNAs, particularly microRNAs, and the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for angiogenesis and neuroprotection, and they have been suggested to be therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic tools in cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke. Moreover, exosomes have been considered as nanocarriers capable of transferring various cargos, such as lncRNAs and miRNAs to recipient cells, with prominent inter-cellular roles in the mediation of neuro-restorative events following strokes and neural injuries. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic role of ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs in the stroke.
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Zhang S, Wang J, Qu MJ, Wang K, Ma AJ, Pan XD, Zhu XY. Novel Insights into the Potential Diagnostic Value of Circulating Exosomal IncRNA-Related Networks in Large Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:682769. [PMID: 34095232 PMCID: PMC8176956 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.682769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes show diagnostic and therapeutic promise as carriers of ncRNAs in diseases. LncRNAs in exosomes have been identified as being stable and avoided degradation by nucleolytic enzymes. Although lncRNAs have been confirmed to be important in cancers, no studies for exo-lncRNAs have been reported in LAA stroke. High-throughput sequencing was performed to detect the differential expression profiles of lncRNAs in five paired plasma-derived exosome samples from patients with LAA stroke and controls (matched on vascular risk factors). Exo-lncRNA-associated networks were predicted with a combination of multiple databases. The expression of the selected genes in the networks was confirmed by qRT-PCR in a validation set (LAA vs. controls = 30:30). Furthermore, ROC analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the lncRNA-related networks. A total of 1,020 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified in LAA stroke patients. GO and KEGG pathway analyses indicated that their target genes are involved in atherosclerosis-related pathways, including inflammation, cell adhesion, and cell migration. qRT-PCR confirmed that the expression trend of differential expressed genes was consistent with RNA-seq. Furthermore, the AUCs of the lnc_002015-related network and lnc_001350-related network were 0.959 and 0.97, respectively, in LAA stroke. Our study showed the differential expression of lncRNAs in plasma exosomes and presented related diagnostic networks for LAA stroke for the first time. The results suggested that exosomal lncRNA-related networks could be potential diagnostic tools in LAA stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mei Jie Qu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ai Jun Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Dong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Yan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Fu J, Yu Q, Xiao J, Li S. Long noncoding RNA as a biomarker for the prognosis of ischemic stroke: A protocol for meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25596. [PMID: 33907110 PMCID: PMC8084069 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the most common type of cerebrovascular disease, ischemic stroke is the disturbance of cerebrovascular circulation caused by various factors, with complex pathogenesis. At present, the molecular mechanism of ischemic stroke is still unclear, and there lacks early diagnostic markers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find effective preventive measures, active diagnostic methods and rapid treatment measures. In recent years, related studies have displayed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is related to the prognosis of ischemic stroke. However, the results are not supported by some evidence. Therefore, in this study, meta-analysis was used to analyze the relationship between lncRNAs and the prognosis of ischemic stroke. In addition, we carried out bioinformatics analysis to study the action mechanism and related pathways of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke. METHODS Literature search was operated on databases up to March 2021, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical literature Database, Chinese Scientific and Journal Database, Wan Fang database, Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE. The relationship between lncRNAs expression and survival outcome was estimated by hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Meta-analysis was conducted on the Stata 16.0. Starbase v2.0 software predicts microRNAs (miRNAs) that interacts with lncRNAs. In addition, HMDD v2.0 database filters out miRNAs related to ischemic stroke. Furthermore, Consite transcription factor database was used to predict the transcription factors of each lncRNAs and miRNA. At the same time, the transcription factors related to ischemic stroke were screened out after intersection. miRwalk online software was applied to predict the target mRNA of each miRNA, and the common target genes were screened by consistent method. The molecular regulatory network map of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke was drawn. Based on the overlapping target genes, gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were carried out to explore the possible mechanism. RESULTS The results of this meta-analysis would be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication. CONCLUSION This study will provide evidence-based medical evidence for the relationship between lncRNA and the prognosis of ischemic stroke. What is more, bioinformatics analysis will provide ideas for the study of ischemic stroke mechanism. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not damage participants' rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QBZW6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Suping Li
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Chen J, Liu P, Dong X, Jin J, Xu Y. The role of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105019. [PMID: 33905763 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide due to the narrow therapeutic time window of the only two approved therapies, intravenous thrombolysis and thrombectomy. The pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke are driven by multiple complex molecular and cellular interactions that ultimately induce brain damage and neurobehavioral impairment. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are significantly altered in the blood and brains of ischemic stroke patients and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of stroke, which serve as potential targets for stroke interventions. In this review, we provide an overview of the roles of lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and discuss the opportunities and challenges for the clinical application of lncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Pinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Jin
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.
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42
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Fathy N, Kortam MA, Shaker OG, Sayed NH. Long Noncoding RNAs MALAT1 and ANRIL Gene Variants and the Risk of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke: An Association Study. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1351-1362. [PMID: 33818067 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide and a major cause of long-term disability. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial mediators in the pathology of CIS; however, their potential importance is yet to be discovered. Herein, we examined the association of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of CIS, their correlation with the lncRNAs, MALAT1 and ANRIL, expression, and the potential of serum MALAT1 and ANRIL as biomarkers for CIS. A total of 100 CIS patients and 100 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Genotyping and expression analysis of MALAT1 and ANRIL SNPs were carried out by qPCR. The present results showed that serum MALAT1 was downregulated, while serum ANRIL was overexpressed in CIS patients, relative to controls. MALAT1 downregulation discriminated CIS patients from controls by receiver-operating-characteristic analysis. Moreover, serum ANRIL denoted good diagnostic accuracy. MALAT1 rs619586 AA and rs3200401 CT, TT were associated with increased CIS risk, whereas ANRIL rs10965215 GG was found to be protective. The studied ANRIL rs10738605 polymorphism was not associated with CIS susceptibility. Notably, the G variant of MALAT1 rs619586 demonstrated a higher serum MALAT1 expression level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed serum MALAT1 as well as MALAT1 rs3200401 CT + TT as independent predictors of CIS. Additionally, a negative association was found between the serum MALAT1 level and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. In conclusion, MALAT1 rs619586 and rs3200401 and ANRIL rs10965215 are novel prospective noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for CIS predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevine Fathy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mona A. Kortam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Noha H. Sayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Sykes GP, Kamtchum-Tatuene J, Falcione S, Zehnder S, Munsterman D, Stamova B, Ander BP, Sharp FR, Jickling G. Aging Immune System in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Stroke 2021; 52:1355-1361. [PMID: 33641386 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina P Sykes
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Joseph Kamtchum-Tatuene
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarina Falcione
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (S.F.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarah Zehnder
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Danielle Munsterman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Boryana Stamova
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
| | - Bradley P Ander
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
| | - Frank R Sharp
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
| | - Glen Jickling
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
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44
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Alomari AS, Al-Harithy RN. Intergenic lnc-LEP-2:6 and lnc-LEP-2:7 as novel biomarkers associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021:1-6. [PMID: 33612021 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1887268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has undeniably become a significant threat to public health in the modern world. OBJECTIVE To identify molecules involved in the development of T2DM, the expression patterns of cis-lincRNAs-LEP were investigated in T2DM patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of 11 lncRNAs-LEP and LEP mRNA in 71 diabetic patients and 32 controls were determined using qRT-PCR. The association between lncRNAs-LEP and T2DM was performed using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS The expression analysis of lnc-LEP-2:6 and lnc-LEP-2:7 was significantly different (p≤ .0001) in diabetic patients compared to the controls. The ROC curve data showed that lnc-LEP-2:6 and lnc-LEP-2:7 have a high AUC, with 0.940 (95% CI: 0.875-0.977) and 0.958 (95% CI: 0.899-0.988), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed two novel biomarkers associated with the T2DM and suggest that the circulating intergenic, lnc-LEP-2:6 and lnc-LEP-2:7, might have a regulatory role in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani S Alomari
- Department of Biochemistry, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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The Expanding Regulatory Mechanisms and Cellular Functions of Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2916-2939. [PMID: 33555549 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
LncRNAs have emerged as important regulatory molecules in biological processes. They serve as regulators of gene expression pathways through interactions with proteins, RNA, and DNA. LncRNA expression is altered in several diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, trauma, and infection. More recently, it has become clear that lncRNAs contribute to regulating both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways in the CNS. In this review, we discuss the molecular pathways involved in the expression of lncRNAs, their role and mechanism of action during gene regulation, cellular functions, and use of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets during neuroinflammation in CNS disorders.
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Rezaei M, Mokhtari MJ, Bayat M, Safari A, Dianatpuor M, Tabrizi R, Asadabadi T, Borhani-Haghighi A. Long non-coding RNA H19 expression and functional polymorphism rs217727 are linked to increased ischemic stroke risk. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:54. [PMID: 33541284 PMCID: PMC7860182 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Efforts to identify potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of ischemic stroke (IS) are valuable. The H19 gene plays a functional role in increasing the prevalence of IS risk factors. We evaluated the correlation between H19 rs217727 polymorphism and the expression level of H19 lncRNA with susceptibility to IS among the Iranian population. Methods Blood samples were collected from IS patients (n = 114) and controls (n = 114). We concentrated on the expression pattern of H19 at different time points (i.e., 0–24, 24–48, and 48–72 h after stroke). The tetra-amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method was applied for DNA genotyping. We used the quantitative real-time PCR to evaluate H19 expression levels. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the diagnosis and prognosis of IS. Results The rs217727polymorphism of H19 was related with IS susceptibility in the co-dominant (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 0.91–10.92, P = 0.04) and recessive models (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 0.96–8.15, P = 0.04). H19 expression was significantly upregulated in IS and remained high for 72 h after stroke. ROC curves showed that H19 expression within the first 24 h from stroke onset might serve as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of IS with 79.49% sensitivity and 80.00% specificity. H19 expression in small vessel occlusion (SVO) and large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) patients were 3.74 and 3.34 times higher than the undetermined (UD) subtype, respectively [OR = 3.74 95% CL (1.14–12.27) P = 0.030 and OR = 3.34 95% CL (1.13–9.85) P = 0.029]. Conclusion The rs217727 polymorphism of the H19 is correlated with IS susceptibility, and H19 expression levels were higher in SVO and LAA patients. The upregulation of H19 may be considered as a diagnostic biomarker in IS among the Iranian population, but it cannot serve as a useful prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadese Rezaei
- Department of Biology, Zarghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, 4341617184, Zarghan, Iran
| | | | - Mahnaz Bayat
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpuor
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Tahereh Asadabadi
- Department of Biology, Zarghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, 4341617184, Zarghan, Iran
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Bai C, Liu T, Sun Y, Li H, Xiao N, Zhang M, Feng Y, Xu H, Ge J, Wang X, Song L, Ping J, Chen J. Identification of circular RNA expression profiles and potential biomarkers for intracerebral hemorrhage. Epigenomics 2021; 13:379-395. [PMID: 33507103 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the expression profiles of circRNAs after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Materials & methods: RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR were used to investigate and validate circRNA expression levels. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore potential functions of the circRNAs. Results: Expression levels of 15 circRNAs were consistently altered in patients with ICH compared with their expression levels in hypertension. Three circRNAs, hsa_circ_0001240, hsa_circ_0001947 and hsa_circ_0001386, individually or combined, were confirmed as promising biomarkers for predicting and diagnosing ICH. The circRNAs were involved mainly in lysine degradation and the immune system. Conclusion: This is the first study to report expression profiles of circRNAs after ICH and to propose that three circRNAs are potential biomarkers for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congxia Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Tingting Liu
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Yingying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Ning Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Meijun Zhang
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Company Limited, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Yanjie Feng
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Company Limited, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Haochen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Jing Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Xuliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Li Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Jiedan Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou 451464, PR China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diagnosis of stroke and understanding the mechanism of stroke is critical to implement optimal treatment. RNA expressed in peripheral blood cells is emerging as a precision biomarker to aid in stroke diagnosis and prediction of stroke cause. In this review, we summarize available data regarding the role of RNA to predict stroke, the rationale for these changes, and a discussion of novel mechanistic insight and clinical applications. RECENT FINDINGS Differences in RNA gene expression in blood have been identified in patients with stroke, including differences to distinguish ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke, and differences between cardioembolic, large vessel atherosclerotic, and small vessel lacunar stroke cause. Gene expression differences show promise as novel stroke biomarkers to predict stroke of unclear cause (cryptogenic stroke). The differences in RNA expression provide novel insight to stroke mechanism, including the role of immune response and thrombosis in human stroke. Important insight to regulation of gene expression in stroke and its causes are being acquired, including alternative splicing, noncoding RNA, and microRNA. SUMMARY Improved diagnosis of stroke and determination of stroke cause will improve stroke treatment and prevention. RNA biomarkers show promise to aid in the diagnosis of stroke and cause determination, as well as providing novel insight to mechanism of stroke in patients. While further study is required, an RNA profile may one day be part of the stroke armamentarium with utility to guide acute stroke therapy and prevention strategies and refine stroke phenotype.
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Discoveries for Long Non-Coding RNA Dynamics in Traumatic Brain Injury. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120458. [PMID: 33321920 PMCID: PMC7763048 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The biomedical studies of traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to insight for treatment clinically. However, TBIs are occurred by various risk factors and showing heterogeneity that make difficult to accurate diagnosis for initiation treatment of patients. Therefore, identification of biomarkers requires to prediction and therapeutics for TBI treatment. The canonical function of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently shown to promote transcription, post-transcription, and protein activity in many different conditions. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that are altered by the expression of lncRNAs will allow the design of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the molecular process of lncRNA as new targets and approaches in TBIs treatment. Abstract In recent years, our understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been challenged with advances in genome sequencing and the widespread use of high-throughput analysis for identifying novel lncRNAs. Since then, the characterization of lncRNAs has contributed to the establishment of their molecular roles and functions in transcriptional regulation. Although genetic studies have so far explored the sequence-based primary function of lncRNAs that guides the expression of target genes, recent insights have shed light on the potential of lncRNAs for widening the identification of biomarkers from non-degenerative to neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, further advances in the genetic characteristics of lncRNAs are expected to lead to diagnostic accuracy during disease progression. In this review, we summarized the latest studies of lncRNAs in TBI as a non-degenerative disease and discussed their potential limitations for clinical treatment.
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Deng D, Liang H. Silencing MEG3 protects PC12 cells from hypoxic injury by targeting miR-21. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:610-619. [PMID: 32050796 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1725533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increasing number of literatures highlighted lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) as an emerging target for hypoxic-ischaemic brain damage (HIBD). This study attempted to assess the role of MEG3 in a cell model of HIBD. Expression of MEG3 in PC12 cells was suppressed by siRNA-mediated transfection, after which the cells were subjected to hypoxia. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and the expression of related proteins were assessed. Furthermore, the downstream gene of MEG3 and its downstream signalling pathways were explored. We found that, down-regulation of MEG3 prevented hypoxic injury in PC12 cells, as hypoxia induced viability loss, apoptosis and migration repression were attenuated by transfection with MEG3 siRNA. Meanwhile, MEG3 acted as a miR-21 sponge. The neuroprotective functions of MEG3 silence were flattened when miR-21 was suppressed. Moreover, the deactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway and the activation of NF-κB pathway induced by hypoxia were attenuated by MEG3 silence. As expected, the effects of MEG3 silence on these two signalling were via miR-21. In conclusion, the neuroprotective effects of MEG3 silence on PC12 cells injured by hypoxia were observed in this study. Mechanistically, the neuroprotective effects of MEG3 silence on PC12 cells were via sponging miR-21 and thus regulating PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways.HIGHLIGHTSMEG3 is highly expressed in PC12 cells following hypoxic injury;Silence of MEG3 prevents hypoxia-induced cell damage in PC12 cells;MEG3 acts as a miR-21 sponge;MEG3 sponges miR-21 to regulate PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Deng
- Department of Neurology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
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