1
|
Terzioglu G, Young-Pearse TL. Microglial function, INPP5D/SHIP1 signaling, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:89. [PMID: 38017562 PMCID: PMC10685641 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic studies on Alzheimer's disease (AD) have brought microglia under the spotlight, as loci associated with AD risk are enriched in genes expressed in microglia. Several of these genes have been recognized for their central roles in microglial functions. Increasing evidence suggests that SHIP1, the protein encoded by the AD-associated gene INPP5D, is an important regulator of microglial phagocytosis and immune response. A recent study from our group identified SHIP1 as a negative regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome in human iPSC-derived microglial cells (iMGs). In addition, we found evidence for a connection between SHIP1 activity and inflammasome activation in the AD brain. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that induces the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines as part of innate immune responses against pathogens and endogenous damage signals. Previously published studies have suggested that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in AD and contributes to AD-related pathology. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome in the context of AD-related inflammation. We then review the known intracellular functions of SHIP1, including its role in phosphoinositide signaling, interactions with microglial phagocytic receptors such as TREM2 and evidence for its intersection with NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Through rigorous examination of the intricate connections between microglial signaling pathways across several experimental systems and postmortem analyses, the field will be better equipped to tailor newly emerging therapeutic strategies targeting microglia in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Terzioglu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Samuels JD, Moore KA, Ennerfelt HE, Johnson AM, Walsh AE, Price RJ, Lukens JR. The Alzheimer's disease risk factor INPP5D restricts neuroprotective microglial responses in amyloid beta-mediated pathology. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4908-4921. [PMID: 37061460 PMCID: PMC10576836 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in INPP5D, which encodes for the SH2-domain-containing inositol phosphatase SHIP-1, have recently been linked to an increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease. While INPP5D expression is almost exclusively restricted to microglia in the brain, little is known regarding how SHIP-1 affects neurobiology or neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. METHODS We generated and investigated 5xFAD Inpp5dfl/fl Cx3cr1Ert2Cre mice to ascertain the function of microglial SHIP-1 signaling in response to amyloid beta (Aβ)-mediated pathology. RESULTS SHIP-1 deletion in microglia led to substantially enhanced recruitment of microglia to Aβ plaques, altered microglial gene expression, and marked improvements in neuronal health. Further, SHIP-1 loss enhanced microglial plaque containment and Aβ engulfment when compared to microglia from Cre-negative 5xFAD Inpp5dfl/fl littermate controls. DISCUSSION These results define SHIP-1 as a pivotal regulator of microglial responses during Aβ-driven neurological disease and suggest that targeting SHIP-1 may offer a promising strategy to treat Alzheimer's disease. HIGHLIGHTS Inpp5d deficiency in microglia increases plaque-associated microglia numbers. Loss of Inpp5d induces activation and phagocytosis transcriptional pathways. Plaque encapsulation and engulfment by microglia are enhanced with Inpp5d deletion. Genetic ablation of Inpp5d protects against plaque-induced neuronal dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Samuels
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Katelyn A. Moore
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hannah E. Ennerfelt
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alexis M. Johnson
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Brain Immunology and Glia Training Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Adeline E. Walsh
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Biotechnology Training Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Richard J. Price
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Biotechnology Training Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - John R. Lukens
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia (UVA), Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Brain Immunology and Glia Training Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics Graduate Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Biotechnology Training Program, UVA, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jesudason CD, Mason ER, Chu S, Oblak AL, Javens‐Wolfe J, Moussaif M, Durst G, Hipskind P, Beck DE, Dong J, Amarasinghe O, Zhang Z, Hamdani AK, Singhal K, Mesecar AD, Souza S, Jacobson M, Salvo JD, Soni DM, Kandasamy M, Masters AR, Quinney SK, Doolen S, Huhe H, Rizzo SJS, Lamb BT, Palkowitz AD, Richardson TI. SHIP1 therapeutic target enablement: Identification and evaluation of inhibitors for the treatment of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2023; 9:e12429. [PMID: 38023622 PMCID: PMC10655782 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease is associated with genes involved in microglial function. Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D), which encodes Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1), is a risk gene expressed in microglia. Because SHIP1 binds receptor immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), competes with kinases, and converts PI(3,4,5)P3 to PI(3,4)P2, it is a negative regulator of microglia function. Validated inhibitors are needed to evaluate SHIP1 as a potential therapeutic target. METHODS We identified inhibitors and screened the enzymatic domain of SHIP1. A protein construct containing two domains was used to evaluate enzyme inhibitor potency and selectivity versus SHIP2. Inhibitors were tested against a construct containing all ordered domains of the human and mouse proteins. A cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) provided evidence of target engagement in cells. Phospho-AKT levels provided further evidence of on-target pharmacology. A high-content imaging assay was used to study the pharmacology of SHIP1 inhibition while monitoring cell health. Physicochemical and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties were evaluated to select a compound suitable for in vivo studies. RESULTS SHIP1 inhibitors displayed a remarkable array of activities and cellular pharmacology. Inhibitory potency was dependent on the protein construct used to assess enzymatic activity. Some inhibitors failed to engage the target in cells. Inhibitors that were active in the CETSA consistently destabilized the protein and reduced pAKT levels. Many SHIP1 inhibitors were cytotoxic either at high concentration due to cell stress or they potently induced cell death depending on the compound and cell type. One compound activated microglia, inducing phagocytosis at concentrations that did not result in significant cell death. A pharmacokinetic study demonstrated brain exposures in mice upon oral administration. DISCUSSION 3-((2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) pyridine activated primary mouse microglia and demonstrated exposures in mouse brain upon oral dosing. Although this compound is our recommended chemical probe for investigating the pharmacology of SHIP1 inhibition at this time, further optimization is required for clinical studies. Highlights Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and signaling (pAKT) assays were developed to provide evidence of src homology 2 (SH2) domain-contaning inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) target engagement and on-target activity in cellular assays.A phenotypic high-content imaging assay with simultaneous measures of phagocytosis, cell number, and nuclear intensity was developed to explore cellular pharmacology and monitor cell health.SHIP1 inhibitors demonstrate a wide range of activity and cellular pharmacology, and many reported inhibitors are cytotoxic.The chemical probe 3-((2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) pyridine is recommended to explore SHIP1 pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily R. Mason
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Shaoyou Chu
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel E. Beck
- Institute for Drug DiscoveryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Ovini Amarasinghe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Zhong‐Yin Zhang
- Institute for Drug DiscoveryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Adam K. Hamdani
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Kratika Singhal
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Disha M. Soni
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | - Sara K Quinney
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Suzanne Doolen
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hasi Huhe
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Alan D. Palkowitz
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Biosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Timothy I. Richardson
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Biosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Luan W, Sun Z, Wu C, Tao M, Shen X. Neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke involves INPP5D expression mediated by the TMPO-AS1-PU.1 complex. Neurol Res 2023; 45:319-333. [PMID: 36417294 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2143615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the role of lncRNA TMPO-AS1 in ischemic stroke and corresponding mechanism. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke, then TMPO-AS1 shRNA lentivirus were injected into ipsilateral striatum of mice. The neurological score and cerebral infarction volume were evaluatedHypoxia/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced BV2 cells were transfected with TMPO-AS1 shRNA (sh-TMPO-AS1) or together with pcDNA-INPP5D, as well as transfected with sh-PU.1 or together with pcDNA-INPP5D, then TMPO-AS1 level, the expression of PU.1 and INPP5D proteins, the secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β), the levels of iNOS, CD68,Arg1 and CD206 mRNA were detected. RIP and PNA-pull down assays were used to detect the binding of TMPO-AS1 and PU.1, luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to detect the binding activity of PU.1 and INPP5D. RESULTS TMPO-AS1 level was increased in peripheral blood of ischemic stroke patients , brain tissues of MCAO/R model mice and OGD/R-induced BV2 cells. TMPO-AS1 interference inhibited the inflammation of OGD/R-induced BV2 cells. TMPO-AS1 also enhanced the nuclear accumulation of PU.1 by binding to the transcription factor PU.1, and promoted the transcriptional activation of INPP5D. The anti-inflammatory effects of TMPO-AS1 interference were reversed by INPP5D overexpression. In addition, TMPO-AS1 interference improved the infarct volume of MCAO mice, and improved sensorimotor and cognitive functions. CONCLUSION INPP5D underexpression mediated by TMPO-AS1-PU.1 complex alleviated neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Luan
- Neurology Department EEG Room, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Zhongwen Sun
- Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Chunmei Wu
- Neurology Department EEG Room, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Manli Tao
- Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shen
- Department of Neurology Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zajac DJ, Simpson J, Zhang E, Parikh I, Estus S. Expression of INPP5D Isoforms in Human Brain: Impact of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology and Genetics. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:763. [PMID: 36981033 PMCID: PMC10048252 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphisms rs35349669 and rs10933431 within Inositol Polyphosphate-5-Phosphatase D (INPP5D) are strongly associated with Alzheimer's Disease risk. To better understand INPP5D expression in the brain, we investigated INPP5D isoform expression as a function of rs35349669 and rs10933431, as well as Alzheimer's disease neuropathology, by qPCR and isoform-specific primers. In addition, INPP5D allelic expression imbalance was evaluated relative to rs1141328 within exon 1. Expression of INPP5D isoforms associated with transcription start sites in exon 1 and intron 14 was increased in individuals with high Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. In addition, a novel variant with 47bp lacking from exon 12 increased expression in Alzheimer's Disease brains, accounting for 13% of total INPP5D expression, and was found to undergo nonsense-mediated decay. Although inter-individual variation obscured a possible polymorphism effect on INPP5D isoform expression as measured by qPCR, rs35349669 was associated with rs1141328 allelic expression imbalance, suggesting that rs35349669 is significantly associated with full-length INPP5D isoform expression. In summary, expression of INPP5D isoforms with start sites in exon 1 and intron 14 are increased in brains with high Alzheimer's Disease neuropathology, a novel isoform lacking the phosphatase domain was significantly increased with the disease, and the polymorphism rs35349669 correlates with allele-specific full-length INPP5D expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Steven Estus
- Department of Physiology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tsai AP, Lin PBC, Dong C, Moutinho M, Casali BT, Liu Y, Lamb BT, Landreth GE, Oblak AL, Nho K. INPP5D expression is associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease and induced by plaque-associated microglia. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 153:105303. [PMID: 33631273 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, robust microgliosis, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss. Genome-wide association studies recently highlighted a prominent role for microglia in late-onset AD (LOAD). Specifically, inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D), also known as SHIP1, is selectively expressed in brain microglia and has been reported to be associated with LOAD. Although INPP5D is likely a crucial player in AD pathophysiology, its role in disease onset and progression remains unclear. We performed differential gene expression analysis to investigate INPP5D expression in AD and its association with plaque density and microglial markers using transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) data from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD) cohort. We also performed quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence assays to assess INPP5D expression in the 5xFAD amyloid mouse model. Differential gene expression analysis found that INPP5D expression was upregulated in LOAD and positively correlated with amyloid plaque density. In addition, in 5xFAD mice, Inpp5d expression increased as the disease progressed, and selectively in plaque-associated microglia. Increased Inpp5d expression levels in 5xFAD mice were abolished entirely by depleting microglia with the colony-stimulating factor receptor-1 antagonist PLX5622. Our findings show that INPP5D expression increases as AD progresses, predominantly in plaque-associated microglia. Importantly, we provide the first evidence that increased INPP5D expression might be a risk factor in AD, highlighting INPP5D as a potential therapeutic target. Moreover, we have shown that the 5xFAD mouse model is appropriate for studying INPP5D in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy P Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | | | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Brad T Casali
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao X, Risacher SL, Nho K, Saykin AJ, Wang Z, Shen L. Targeted genetic analysis of cerebral blood flow imaging phenotypes implicates the INPP5D gene. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 81:213-221. [PMID: 31319229 PMCID: PMC6732252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The vascular hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has proposed the involvement of brain hypoperfusion in AD pathogenesis, where cognitive decline and dysfunction result from dwindling cerebral blood flow (CBF). Based on the vascular hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease, we focused on exploring how genetic factors influence AD pathogenesis via the cerebrovascular system. To investigate the role of CBF endophenotypes in AD pathogenesis, we performed a targeted genetic analysis of 258 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort to examine associations between 4033 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 24 AD genes and CBF measures in 4 brain regions. A novel association with CBF measure in the left angular gyrus was identified in an INPP5D single-nucleotide polymorphism (i.e., rs61068452; p = 1.48E-7; corrected p = 2.39E-3). The gene-based analysis discovered both INPP5D and CD2AP associated with the left angular gyrus CBF. Further analyses on nonoverlapping samples revealed that rs61068452-G was associated with lower CSF t-tau/Aβ1-42 ratio. Our findings suggest a protective role of rs61068452-G in an AD-relevant cerebrovascular endophenotype, which has the potential to provide novel insights for better mechanistic understanding of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernandes S, Srivastava N, Sudan R, Middleton FA, Shergill AK, Ryan JC, Kerr WG. SHIP1 Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With Severe Crohn's Disease and Peripheral T Cell Reduction. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1100. [PMID: 29872435 PMCID: PMC5972310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we observed a severe reduction in the Src homology 2-containing-inositol-phosphatase-1 (SHIP1) protein in a subpopulation of subjects from a small adult Crohn’s Disease (CD) cohort. This pilot study had been undertaken since we had previously demonstrated that engineered deficiency of SHIP1 in mice results in a spontaneous and severe CD-like ileitis. Here, we extend our analysis of SHIP1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a second much larger adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) cohort, comprised of both CD and Ulcerative Colitis patients, to assess contribution of SHIP1 to the pathogenesis of human IBD. SHIP1 protein and mRNA levels were evaluated from blood samples obtained from IBD subjects seen at UCSF/SFVA, and compared to healthy control samples. Western blot analyses revealed that ~15% of the IBD subjects are severely SHIP1-deficient, with less than 10% of normal SHIP1 protein present in PBMC. Further analyses by flow cytometry and sequencing were performed on secondary samples obtained from the same subjects. Pan-hematolymphoid SHIP1 deficiency was a stable phenotype and was not due to coding changes in the INPP5D gene. A very strong association between SHIP1 deficiency and the presence of a novel SHIP1:ATG16L1 fusion transcript was seen. Similar to SHIP1-deficient mice, SHIP1-deficient subjects had reduced numbers of circulating CD4+ T cell numbers. Finally, SHIP1-deficient subjects with CD had a history of severe disease requiring multiple surgeries. These studies reveal that the SHIP1 protein is crucial for normal T cell homeostasis in both humans and mice, and that it is also a potential therapeutic and/or diagnostic target in human IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Neetu Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Frank A Middleton
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Amandeep K Shergill
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James C Ryan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Medicine, US Department of Veterans Affairs, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jing H, Zhu JX, Wang HF, Zhang W, Zheng ZJ, Kong LL, Tan CC, Wang ZX, Tan L, Tan L. INPP5D rs35349669 polymorphism with late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A replication study and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:69225-30. [PMID: 27750211 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D) was reported to be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) through modulating the inflammatory process and immune response. A recent genome-wide association study discovered a new locus single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, rs35349669) of INPP5D which was significantly associated with susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) in Caucasians. In this study, we investigated the relations between the INPP5D polymorphism rs35349669 and LOAD in Han Chinese population comprising 984 LOAD cases and 1352 healthy controls being matched for age and gender. Our results showed no obvious differences in the genotypic or allelic distributions of rs35349669 polymorphism between LOAD cases and healthy controls (genotype: p = 0.167; allele: p = 0.094). Additionally, when these data were stratified by APOEε4 status, there are still no evident differences in the genotypic or allelic distributions in APOEε4 carriers (p > 0.05). Furthermore, meta-analysis of 81964 individuals confirmed that rs35349669 was significantly associated with the risk for LOAD (OR=1.08, 95%CI=1.06-1.11), but the results remained negative in Chinese subgroup (OR=0.77, 95%CI=0.53-1.13). Overall, the current evidence did not indicate that INPP5D rs35349669 polymorphism play a role in the genetic predisposition to LOAD in Chinese population.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hallas C, Phillipp J, Domanowsky L, Kah B, Tiemann K. BCL9L expression in pancreatic neoplasia with a focus on SPN: a possible explanation for the enigma of the benign neoplasia. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:648. [PMID: 27539223 PMCID: PMC4991076 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas (SPN) are rare tumors affecting mainly women. They show an activating mutation in CTNNB1, the gene for β-catenin, and consequently an overactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This signaling pathway is implied in the pathogenesis of various aggressive tumors, including pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC). Despite this, SPN are characterized by an unusually benign clinical course. Attempts to explain this lack of malignancy have led to the discovery of an aberrant expression of the transcription factor FLI1 in SPN. METHODS In 42 primary pancreatic tumors the RNA-expression of the FLI1 targets DKK1, INPP5D, IGFBP3 and additionally two members of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, namely BCL9 and BCL9L, was investigated using quantitative real time PCR. Expression of these genes was evaluated in SPN (n = 18), PDAC (n = 12) and the less aggressive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm IPMN (n = 12) and compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Potential differences between the tumor entities were evaluated using students t-test. RESULTS The results demonstrated a differential RNA-expression of BCL9L with a lack of expression in SPN (p < 0.001), RNA levels similar to normal tissue in IPMN and increased expression in PDAC (p < 0.04). Further, overexpression of the cyclin D1 inhibitor INPP5D in IPMN (p < 0.0001) was found. PDAC, on the other hand, showed the highest expression of IGFBP3 (p < 0.00001) with the gene still being significantly overexpressed in IPMN (p < 0.001). Nevertheless the difference in expression was significant between PDAC and IPMN (p < 0.05) and IGFBP3 RNA levels were significantly higher in PDAC and IPMN than in SPN (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.02, resp.). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a significantly decreased expression of the β-catenin stabilizing gene BCL9L in SPN as a first clue to the possible reasons for the astonishingly benign behavior of this entity. In contrast, high expression of the gene was detected in PDAC supporting the connection between BCL9L expression and tumor malignancy in pancreas neoplasias. IPMN, accordingly, showed intermediate expression of BCL9L, but instead demonstrated a high expression of the cyclin D1 inhibitor INPP5D, possibly contributing to the better prognosis of this neoplasia compared to PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cora Hallas
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, Fangdieckstr. 75, Hamburg, 22547 Germany
| | - Julia Phillipp
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, Fangdieckstr. 75, Hamburg, 22547 Germany
| | - Lukas Domanowsky
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, Fangdieckstr. 75, Hamburg, 22547 Germany
| | - Bettina Kah
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, Fangdieckstr. 75, Hamburg, 22547 Germany
| | - Katharina Tiemann
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, Fangdieckstr. 75, Hamburg, 22547 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Elton TS, Selemon H, Elton SM, Parinandi NL. Regulation of the MIR155 host gene in physiological and pathological processes. Gene 2012; 532:1-12. [PMID: 23246696 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a family of small nonprotein-coding RNAs, play a critical role in posttranscriptional gene regulation by acting as adaptors for the miRNA-induced silencing complex to inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression and/or cleavage. miR-155-5p and miR-155-3p are processed from the B-cell Integration Cluster (BIC) gene (now designated, MIR155 host gene or MIR155HG). MiR-155-5p is highly expressed in both activated B- and T-cells and in monocytes/macrophages. MiR-155-5p is one of the best characterized miRNAs and recent data indicate that miR-155-5p plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes such as hematopoietic lineage differentiation, immunity, inflammation, viral infections, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Down syndrome. In this review we summarize the mechanisms by which MIR155HG expression can be regulated. Given that the pathologies mediated by miR-155-5p result from the over-expression of this miRNA it may be possible to therapeutically attenuate miR-155-5p levels in the treatment of several pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terry S Elton
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|