1
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Sasner M, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Uyar A, Garceau D, Kotredes KP, Williams H, Oblak AL, Lin PBC, Perkins B, Soni D, Ingraham C, Lee-Gosselin A, Lamb BT, Howell GR, Carter GW. In vivo validation of late-onset Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factors. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 38687251 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genome-wide association studies have identified over 70 genetic loci associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but few candidate polymorphisms have been functionally assessed for disease relevance and mechanism of action. METHODS Candidate genetic risk variants were informatically prioritized and individually engineered into a LOAD-sensitized mouse model that carries the AD risk variants APOE ε4/ε4 and Trem2*R47H. The potential disease relevance of each model was assessed by comparing brain transcriptomes measured with the Nanostring Mouse AD Panel at 4 and 12 months of age with human study cohorts. RESULTS We created new models for 11 coding and loss-of-function risk variants. Transcriptomic effects from multiple genetic variants recapitulated a variety of human gene expression patterns observed in LOAD study cohorts. Specific models matched to emerging molecular LOAD subtypes. DISCUSSION These results provide an initial functionalization of 11 candidate risk variants and identify potential preclinical models for testing targeted therapeutics. HIGHLIGHTS A novel approach to validate genetic risk factors for late-onset AD (LOAD) is presented. LOAD risk variants were knocked in to conserved mouse loci. Variant effects were assayed by transcriptional analysis. Risk variants in Abca7, Mthfr, Plcg2, and Sorl1 loci modeled molecular signatures of clinical disease. This approach should generate more translationally relevant animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bridget Perkins
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Disha Soni
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Cindy Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Audrey Lee-Gosselin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Gregory W Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Morgan DG, Lamb BT. Transgenic amyloid precursor protein mouse models of amyloidosis. Incomplete models for Alzheimer's disease but effective predictors of anti-amyloid therapies. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1459-1464. [PMID: 38085800 PMCID: PMC10916971 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice are models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloidosis, not all of AD. Diffuse, compacted, and vascular deposits in APP mice mimic those found in AD cases. METHODS Most interventional studies in APP mice start treatment early in the process of amyloid deposition, consistent with a prevention treatment regimen. Most clinical trials treat patients with established amyloid deposits in a therapeutic treatment regimen. RESULTS The first treatment to reduce amyloid and cognitive impairment in mice was immunotherapy. The APP mouse models not only predicted efficacy, but presaged the vascular leakage called ARIA. The recent immunotherapy clinical trials that removed amyloid and slowed cognitive decline confirms the utility of these early APP models when used in therapeutic designs. DISCUSSION New mouse models of AD pathologies will add to the research armamentarium, but the early models have accurately predicted responses to amyloid therapies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Morgan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, and Alzheimer's AllianceCollege of Human MedicineMichigan State UniversityGrand RapidsMichiganUSA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsStark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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Yamada C, Ho A, Garcia C, Oblak AL, Bissel S, Porosencova T, Porosencov E, Uncuta D, Ngala B, Shepilov D, Skibo G, Mascarenhas AK, Akkaoui J, Lakshmana MK, Sankar U, Nichols F, Lamb BT, Groppa S, Movila A. Dementia exacerbates periodontal bone loss in females. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38243688 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease defined by the pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in relation to aging. Although clinical cohort studies reported that periodontitis is significantly elevated in males compared to females, emerging evidence indicates that females with dementia are at a greater risk for periodontitis and decreased alveolar bone. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate whether dementia is a potential sex-dependent risk factor for periodontal bone loss using an experimental model of periodontitis induced in the triple transgenic (3x-Tg) dementia-like mice and clinical samples collected from senior 65 plus age patients with diagnosed dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We induced periodontitis in dementia-like triple-transgenic (3x-Tg) male and female mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) control mice by ligature placement. Then, alveolar bone loss and osteoclast activity were evaluated using micro-CT and in situ imaging assays. In addition, we performed dental examinations on patients with diagnosed dementia. Finally, dementia-associated Aβ42 and p-Tau (T181) and osteoclastogenic receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected from mice and clinical samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Alveolar bone loss and in situ osteoclast activity were significantly elevated in periodontal lesions of 3x-Tg females but not males, compared to wild-type control mice. In addition, we also observed that the probing pocket depth (PPD) was also significantly elevated in female patients with dementia. Using ELISA assay, we observed that females had elevated levels of osteoclastogenic RANKL and dementia-associated Aβ42 and p-Tau (T181) in the GCF collected from experimental periodontitis lesions and clinical samples. CONCLUSION Altogether, we demonstrate that females with dementia have an increased risk for periodontal bone loss compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Yamada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Anny Ho
- Institute of Neuro-immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher Garcia
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Stephanie Bissel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Tatiana Porosencova
- Faculty of Dentistry, "Nicolae Testemițanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Egor Porosencov
- Faculty of Dentistry, "Nicolae Testemițanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Diana Uncuta
- Faculty of Dentistry, "Nicolae Testemițanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Bidii Ngala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Dmytro Shepilov
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Skibo
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Juliet Akkaoui
- Institute of Neuro-immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Madepalli K Lakshmana
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Uma Sankar
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Frank Nichols
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Stanislav Groppa
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, "Nicolae Testemițanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Alexandru Movila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Institute of Neuro-immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Oral Sciences and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida, USA
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Sasner M, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Uyar A, Garceau D, Kotredes KP, Williams H, Oblak AL, Lin PBC, Perkins B, Soni D, Ingraham C, Lee-Gosselin A, Lamb BT, Howell GR, Carter GW. In vivo validation of late-onset Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factors. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.21.572849. [PMID: 38187758 PMCID: PMC10769393 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Genome-wide association studies have identified over 70 genetic loci associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but few candidate polymorphisms have been functionally assessed for disease relevance and mechanism of action. Methods Candidate genetic risk variants were informatically prioritized and individually engineered into a LOAD-sensitized mouse model that carries the AD risk variants APOE4 and Trem2*R47H. Potential disease relevance of each model was assessed by comparing brain transcriptomes measured with the Nanostring Mouse AD Panel at 4 and 12 months of age with human study cohorts. Results We created new models for 11 coding and loss-of-function risk variants. Transcriptomic effects from multiple genetic variants recapitulated a variety of human gene expression patterns observed in LOAD study cohorts. Specific models matched to emerging molecular LOAD subtypes. Discussion These results provide an initial functionalization of 11 candidate risk variants and identify potential preclinical models for testing targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sasner
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032 USA
| | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032 USA
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
| | | | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Bridget Perkins
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Disha Soni
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Cindy Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Audrey Lee-Gosselin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
| | - Gregory W Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032 USA
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Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Persohn S, Elderidge K, Burton CP, Miner EW, Haynes KA, Santos DFS, Williams SP, Heaton N, Ingraham CM, Lloyd C, Garceau D, O’Rourke R, Herrick S, Rangel-Barajas C, Maharjan S, Wang N, Sasner M, Lamb BT, Territo PR, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Carter GW, Howell GR, Oblak AL. Characterizing Molecular and Synaptic Signatures in mouse models of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Independent of Amyloid and Tau Pathology. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.19.571985. [PMID: 38187716 PMCID: PMC10769232 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.19.571985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MODEL-AD is creating and distributing novel mouse models with humanized, clinically relevant genetic risk factors to more accurately mimic LOAD than commonly used transgenic models. METHODS We created the LOAD2 model by combining APOE4, Trem2*R47H, and humanized amyloid-beta. Mice aged up to 24 months were subjected to either a control diet or a high-fat/high-sugar diet (LOAD2+HFD) from two months of age. We assessed disease-relevant outcomes, including in vivo imaging, biomarkers, multi-omics, neuropathology, and behavior. RESULTS By 18 months, LOAD2+HFD mice exhibited cortical neuron loss, elevated insoluble brain Aβ42, increased plasma NfL, and altered gene/protein expression related to lipid metabolism and synaptic function. In vivo imaging showed age-dependent reductions in brain region volume and neurovascular uncoupling. LOAD2+HFD mice also displayed deficits in acquiring touchscreen-based cognitive tasks. DISCUSSION Collectively the comprehensive characterization of LOAD2+HFD mice reveal this model as important for preclinical studies that target features of LOAD independent of amyloid and tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. Kotredes
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, United States 06032
| | - Scott Persohn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Kierra Elderidge
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Charles P Burton
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Ethan W. Miner
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Kathryn A. Haynes
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Diogo Francisco S. Santos
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Sean-Paul Williams
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Nicholas Heaton
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Cynthia M. Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Christopher Lloyd
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Rita O’Rourke
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Sarah Herrick
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10 St., HITS 4000, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Surendra Maharjan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Nian Wang
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Michael Sasner
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10 St., HITS 4000, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Paul R. Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, United States 06032
- Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 136 Harrison Ave #813, Boston, MA, United States 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine, United States 04469
| | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
- Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 136 Harrison Ave #813, Boston, MA, United States 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine, United States 04469
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
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Acri DJ, You Y, Tate MD, Karahan H, Martinez P, McCord B, Sharify AD, John S, Kim B, Dabin LC, Philtjens S, Wijeratne HS, McCray TJ, Smith DC, Bissel SJ, Lamb BT, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Kim J. Network analysis identifies strain-dependent response to tau and tau seeding-associated genes. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230180. [PMID: 37606887 PMCID: PMC10443211 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research demonstrated that genetic heterogeneity is a critical factor in modeling amyloid accumulation and other Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. However, it is unknown what mechanisms underlie these effects of genetic background on modeling tau aggregate-driven pathogenicity. In this study, we induced tau aggregation in wild-derived mice by expressing MAPT. To investigate the effect of genetic background on the action of tau aggregates, we performed RNA sequencing with brains of C57BL/6J, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ mice (n = 64) and determined core transcriptional signature conserved in all genetic backgrounds and signature unique to wild-derived backgrounds. By measuring tau seeding activity using the cortex, we identified 19 key genes associated with tau seeding and amyloid response. Interestingly, microglial pathways were strongly associated with tau seeding activity in CAST/EiJ and PWK/PhJ backgrounds. Collectively, our study demonstrates that mouse genetic context affects tau-mediated alteration of transcriptome and tau seeding. The gene modules associated with tau seeding provide an important resource to better model tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic J. Acri
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yanwen You
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mason D. Tate
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hande Karahan
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brianne McCord
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - A. Daniel Sharify
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sutha John
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Byungwook Kim
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Luke C. Dabin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stéphanie Philtjens
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - H.R. Sagara Wijeratne
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tyler J. McCray
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel C. Smith
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Bissel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cristian A. Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jungsu Kim
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana UniversitySchool of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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7
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Jesudason CD, Mason ER, Chu S, Oblak AL, Javens‐Wolfe J, Moussaif M, Durst G, Hipskind P, Beck DE, Dong J, Amarasinghe O, Zhang Z, Hamdani AK, Singhal K, Mesecar AD, Souza S, Jacobson M, Salvo JD, Soni DM, Kandasamy M, Masters AR, Quinney SK, Doolen S, Huhe H, Rizzo SJS, Lamb BT, Palkowitz AD, Richardson TI. SHIP1 therapeutic target enablement: Identification and evaluation of inhibitors for the treatment of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2023; 9:e12429. [PMID: 38023622 PMCID: PMC10655782 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk of developing Alzheimer's disease is associated with genes involved in microglial function. Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D), which encodes Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1), is a risk gene expressed in microglia. Because SHIP1 binds receptor immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), competes with kinases, and converts PI(3,4,5)P3 to PI(3,4)P2, it is a negative regulator of microglia function. Validated inhibitors are needed to evaluate SHIP1 as a potential therapeutic target. METHODS We identified inhibitors and screened the enzymatic domain of SHIP1. A protein construct containing two domains was used to evaluate enzyme inhibitor potency and selectivity versus SHIP2. Inhibitors were tested against a construct containing all ordered domains of the human and mouse proteins. A cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) provided evidence of target engagement in cells. Phospho-AKT levels provided further evidence of on-target pharmacology. A high-content imaging assay was used to study the pharmacology of SHIP1 inhibition while monitoring cell health. Physicochemical and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties were evaluated to select a compound suitable for in vivo studies. RESULTS SHIP1 inhibitors displayed a remarkable array of activities and cellular pharmacology. Inhibitory potency was dependent on the protein construct used to assess enzymatic activity. Some inhibitors failed to engage the target in cells. Inhibitors that were active in the CETSA consistently destabilized the protein and reduced pAKT levels. Many SHIP1 inhibitors were cytotoxic either at high concentration due to cell stress or they potently induced cell death depending on the compound and cell type. One compound activated microglia, inducing phagocytosis at concentrations that did not result in significant cell death. A pharmacokinetic study demonstrated brain exposures in mice upon oral administration. DISCUSSION 3-((2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) pyridine activated primary mouse microglia and demonstrated exposures in mouse brain upon oral dosing. Although this compound is our recommended chemical probe for investigating the pharmacology of SHIP1 inhibition at this time, further optimization is required for clinical studies. Highlights Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and signaling (pAKT) assays were developed to provide evidence of src homology 2 (SH2) domain-contaning inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) target engagement and on-target activity in cellular assays.A phenotypic high-content imaging assay with simultaneous measures of phagocytosis, cell number, and nuclear intensity was developed to explore cellular pharmacology and monitor cell health.SHIP1 inhibitors demonstrate a wide range of activity and cellular pharmacology, and many reported inhibitors are cytotoxic.The chemical probe 3-((2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) pyridine is recommended to explore SHIP1 pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily R. Mason
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Shaoyou Chu
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel E. Beck
- Institute for Drug DiscoveryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Ovini Amarasinghe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Zhong‐Yin Zhang
- Institute for Drug DiscoveryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Adam K. Hamdani
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Kratika Singhal
- Department of BiochemistryPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Disha M. Soni
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | - Sara K Quinney
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Suzanne Doolen
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hasi Huhe
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Alan D. Palkowitz
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Biosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Timothy I. Richardson
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Biosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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8
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Tsai AP, Dong C, Lin PBC, Oblak AL, Viana Di Prisco G, Wang N, Hajicek N, Carr AJ, Lendy EK, Hahn O, Atkins M, Foltz AG, Patel J, Xu G, Moutinho M, Sondek J, Zhang Q, Mesecar AD, Liu Y, Atwood BK, Wyss-Coray T, Nho K, Bissel SJ, Lamb BT, Landreth GE. Genetic variants of phospholipase C-γ2 alter the phenotype and function of microglia and confer differential risk for Alzheimer's disease. Immunity 2023; 56:2121-2136.e6. [PMID: 37659412 PMCID: PMC10564391 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic association studies have demonstrated the critical involvement of the microglial immune response in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Phospholipase C-gamma-2 (PLCG2) is selectively expressed by microglia and functions in many immune receptor signaling pathways. In AD, PLCG2 is induced uniquely in plaque-associated microglia. A genetic variant of PLCG2, PLCG2P522R, is a mild hypermorph that attenuates AD risk. Here, we identified a loss-of-function PLCG2 variant, PLCG2M28L, that confers an increased AD risk. PLCG2P522R attenuated disease in an amyloidogenic murine AD model, whereas PLCG2M28L exacerbated the plaque burden associated with altered phagocytosis and Aβ clearance. The variants bidirectionally modulated disease pathology by inducing distinct transcriptional programs that identified microglial subpopulations associated with protective or detrimental phenotypes. These findings identify PLCG2M28L as a potential AD risk variant and demonstrate that PLCG2 variants can differentially orchestrate microglial responses in AD pathogenesis that can be therapeutically targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy P Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nian Wang
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nicole Hajicek
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam J Carr
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Emma K Lendy
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Micaiah Atkins
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aulden G Foltz
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jheel Patel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Guixiang Xu
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John Sondek
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew D Mesecar
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brady K Atwood
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie J Bissel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Lavekar SS, Harkin J, Hernandez M, Gomes C, Patil S, Huang KC, Puntambekar SS, Lamb BT, Meyer JS. Development of a three-dimensional organoid model to explore early retinal phenotypes associated with Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13827. [PMID: 37620502 PMCID: PMC10449801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, resulting in synaptic loss and neurodegeneration. The retina is an extension of the central nervous system within the eye, sharing many structural similarities with the brain, and previous studies have observed AD-related phenotypes within the retina. Three-dimensional retinal organoids differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can effectively model some of the earliest manifestations of disease states, yet early AD-associated phenotypes have not yet been examined. Thus, the current study focused upon the differentiation of hPSCs into retinal organoids for the analysis of early AD-associated alterations. Results demonstrated the robust differentiation of retinal organoids from both familial AD and unaffected control cell lines, with familial AD retinal organoids exhibiting a significant increase in the Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio as well as phosphorylated Tau protein, characteristic of AD pathology. Further, transcriptional analyses demonstrated the differential expression of many genes and cellular pathways, including those associated with synaptic dysfunction. Taken together, the current study demonstrates the ability of retinal organoids to serve as a powerful model for the identification of some of the earliest retinal alterations associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailee S Lavekar
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jade Harkin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Melody Hernandez
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Cátia Gomes
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shruti Patil
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kang-Chieh Huang
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shweta S Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jason S Meyer
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Nho K, Risacher SL, Apostolova L, Bice PJ, Brosch J, Deardorff R, Faber K, Farlow MR, Foroud T, Gao S, Rosewood T, Kim JP, Nudelman K, Yu M, Aisen P, Sperling R, Hooli B, Shcherbinin S, Svaldi D, Jack CR, Jagust WJ, Landau S, Vasanthakumar A, Waring JF, Doré V, Laws SM, Masters CL, Porter T, Rowe CC, Villemagne VL, Dumitrescu L, Hohman TJ, Libby JB, Mormino E, Buckley RF, Johnson K, Yang HS, Petersen RC, Ramanan VK, Vemuri P, Cohen AD, Fan KH, Kamboh MI, Lopez OL, Bennett DA, Ali M, Benzinger T, Cruchaga C, Hobbs D, De Jager PL, Fujita M, Jadhav V, Lamb BT, Tsai AP, Castanho I, Mill J, Weiner MW, Saykin AJ. Novel CYP1B1-RMDN2 Alzheimer's disease locus identified by genome-wide association analysis of cerebral tau deposition on PET. medRxiv 2023:2023.02.27.23286048. [PMID: 36993271 PMCID: PMC10055458 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.23286048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Determining the genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies can enhance mechanistic understanding and inform precision medicine strategies. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of cortical tau quantified by positron emission tomography in 3,136 participants from 12 independent studies. The CYP1B1-RMDN2 locus was associated with tau deposition. The most significant signal was at rs2113389, which explained 4.3% of the variation in cortical tau, while APOE4 rs429358 accounted for 3.6%. rs2113389 was associated with higher tau and faster cognitive decline. Additive effects, but no interactions, were observed between rs2113389 and diagnosis, APOE4 , and Aβ positivity. CYP1B1 expression was upregulated in AD. rs2113389 was associated with higher CYP1B1 expression and methylation levels. Mouse model studies provided additional functional evidence for a relationship between CYP1B1 and tau deposition but not Aβ. These results may provide insight into the genetic basis of cerebral tau and novel pathways for therapeutic development in AD.
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11
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Wyatt-Johnson SK, Kersey HN, Codocedo JF, Newell KL, Landreth GE, Lamb BT, Oblak AL, Brutkiewicz RR. Control of the temporal development of Alzheimer's disease pathology by the MR1/MAIT cell axis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:78. [PMID: 36944969 PMCID: PMC10029194 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is an important feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding which aspects of the immune system are important in AD may lead to new therapeutic approaches. We study the major histocompatibility complex class I-related immune molecule, MR1, which is recognized by an innate-like T cell population called mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. METHODS Having found that MR1 gene expression is elevated in the brain tissue of AD patients by mining the Agora database, we sought to examine the role of the MR1/MAIT cell axis in AD pathology. Brain tissue from AD patients and the 5XFAD mouse model of AD were used to analyze MR1 expression through qPCR, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, mice deficient in MR1 and MAIT cells were crossed with the 5XFAD mice to produce a model to study how the loss of this innate immune axis alters AD progression. Moreover, 5XFAD mice were also used to study brain-resident MAIT cells over time. RESULTS In tissue samples from AD patients and 5XFAD mice, MR1 expression was substantially elevated in the microglia surrounding plaques vs. those that are further away (human AD: P < 0.05; 5XFAD: P < 0.001). In 5XFAD mice lacking the MR1/MAIT cell axis, the development of amyloid-beta plaque pathology occurred at a significantly slower rate than in those mice with MR1 and MAIT cells. Furthermore, in brain tissue from 5XFAD mice, there was a temporal increase in MAIT cell numbers (P < 0.01) and their activation state, the latter determined by detecting an upregulation of both CD69 (P < 0.05) and the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (P < 0.05) via flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data reveal a previously unknown role for the MR1/MAIT cell innate immune axis in AD pathology and its potential utility as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Season K Wyatt-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Holly N Kersey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Juan F Codocedo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Randy R Brutkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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12
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Moutinho M, Coronel I, Tsai AP, Di Prisco GV, Pennington T, Atwood BK, Puntambekar SS, Smith DC, Martinez P, Han S, Lee Y, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Lamb BT, Bissel SJ, Nho K, Landreth GE. TREM2 splice isoforms generate soluble TREM2 species that disrupt long-term potentiation. Genome Med 2023; 15:11. [PMID: 36805764 PMCID: PMC9940368 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01160-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TREM2 is a transmembrane receptor expressed by myeloid cells and acts to regulate their immune response. TREM2 governs the response of microglia to amyloid and tau pathologies in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. TREM2 is also present in a soluble form (sTREM2), and its CSF levels fluctuate as a function of AD progression. Analysis of stroke and AD mouse models revealed that sTREM2 proteins bind to neurons, which suggests sTREM2 may act in a non-cell autonomous manner to influence neuronal function. sTREM2 arises from the proteolytic cleavage of the membrane-associated receptor. However, alternatively spliced TREM2 species lacking a transmembrane domain have been postulated to contribute to the pool of sTREM2. Thus, both the source of sTREM2 species and its actions in the brain remain unclear. METHODS The expression of TREM2 isoforms in the AD brain was assessed through the analysis of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for Alzheimer's Disease Consortium transcriptomics data, as well as qPCR analysis using post-mortem samples of AD patients and of the AD mouse model 5xFAD. TREM2 cleavage and secretion were studied in vitro using HEK-293T and HMC3 cell lines. Synaptic plasticity, as evaluated by induction of LTP in hippocampal brain slices, was employed as a measure of sTREM2 actions. RESULTS Three distinct TREM2 transcripts, namely ENST00000373113 (TREM2230), which encodes the full-length transmembrane receptor, and the alternatively spliced isoforms ENST00000373122 (TREM2222) and ENST00000338469 (TREM2219), are moderately increased in specific brain regions of patients with AD. We provide experimental evidence that TREM2 alternatively spliced isoforms are translated and secreted as sTREM2. Furthermore, our functional analysis reveals that all sTREM2 species inhibit LTP induction, and this effect is abolished by the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin. CONCLUSIONS TREM2 transcripts can give rise to a heterogeneous pool of sTREM2 which acts to inhibit LTP. These results provide novel insight into the generation, regulation, and function of sTREM2 which fits into the complex biology of TREM2 and its role in human health and disease. Given that sTREM2 levels are linked to AD pathogenesis and progression, our finding that sTREM2 species interfere with LTP furthers our understanding about the role of TREM2 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Israel Coronel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Andy P Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Taylor Pennington
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Brady K Atwood
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shweta S Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel C Smith
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Seonggyun Han
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie J Bissel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Acri DJ, You Y, Tate MD, McCord B, Sharify AD, John S, Karahan H, Kim B, Dabin LC, Philtjens S, Wijeratne HS, McCray TJ, Smith DC, Bissel SJ, Lamb BT, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Kim J. Network analysis reveals strain-dependent response to misfolded tau aggregates. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.28.526029. [PMID: 36778440 PMCID: PMC9915505 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.28.526029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mouse genetic backgrounds have been shown to modulate amyloid accumulation and propagation of tau aggregates. Previous research into these effects has highlighted the importance of studying the impact of genetic heterogeneity on modeling Alzheimer's disease. However, it is unknown what mechanisms underly these effects of genetic background on modeling Alzheimer's disease, specifically tau aggregate-driven pathogenicity. In this study, we induced tau aggregation in wild-derived mice by expressing MAPT (P301L). To investigate the effect of genetic background on the action of tau aggregates, we performed RNA sequencing with brains of 6-month-old C57BL/6J, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ mice (n=64). We also measured tau seeding activity in the cortex of these mice. We identified three gene signatures: core transcriptional signature, unique signature for each wild-derived genetic background, and tau seeding-associated signature. Our data suggest that microglial response to tau seeds is elevated in CAST/EiJ and PWK/PhJ mice. Together, our study provides the first evidence that mouse genetic context influences the seeding of tau. SUMMARY Seeding of tau predates the phosphorylation and spreading of tau aggregates. Acri and colleagues report transcriptomic responses to tau and elevated tau seeds in wild-derived mice. This paper creates a rich resource by combining genetics, tau biosensor assays, and transcriptomics.
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Lin PB, Tsai AP, Soni D, Lee‐Gosselin A, Moutinho M, Puntambekar SS, Landreth GE, Lamb BT, Oblak AL. INPP5D
deficiency attenuates amyloid pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Andy Po‐Yi Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Disha Soni
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Audrey Lee‐Gosselin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology & Physiology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Shweta S. Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Gary E. Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology & Physiology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
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15
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Lin PB, Persohn SC, Bedwell AA, Jiang L, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Williams HM, Oblak AL, Sasner M, Howell GR, Carter GW, Lamb BT, Territo PR. Cerebral perfusion and glucose metabolism profiling reveal special phenotypes in the hAPOE3, hAPOE4, Trem2 risk, and doubled risks mice. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Amanda A Bedwell
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Lei Jiang
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine Farmington CT USA
| | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Paul R Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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16
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Oblak AL, Kotredes KP, Ingraham C, Territo PR, Rizzo SJS, Carter GW, Sasner M, Howell GR, Lamb BT. The role of Abca7 in late‐onset Alzheimer’s disease animal models. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Indiana University, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Paul R Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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17
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Tsai AP, Lin PB, Dong C, Prisco GVD, Wang N, Bissel SJ, Oblak AL, Moutinho M, Liu Y, Atwood B, Nho K, Lamb BT, Landreth GE. Impact of
Phospholipase C Gamma 2
Alzheimer's Disease Variants on Microglial Biology and Disease Pathogenesis. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Po‐Yi Tsai
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Nian Wang
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Brady Atwood
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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18
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Shahid SS, Lamb BT, Oblak AL, Wu Y. Differential vulnerability of hippocampal microstructure in 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease: A dMRI study. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
- National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (NCRAD) Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Yu‐Chien Wu
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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19
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Richardson TI, Jesudason CD, Lobb KL, Durst GL, Clayton B, Massey SM, Beck DE, Zhang Z, Dong J, Lin J, Miao J, Putt KS, Mesecar AD, Hamdani AK, Lendy EK, Souza S, Jacobson M, Salvo JD, Chu S, Mason ER, Oblak AL, Soni D, Quinney SK, Silva LL, Kandasamy M, Masters AR, Rizzo SJS, Doolen S, Huang K, Zhang J, Lamb BT, Palkowitz AD. A Target Enablement Package for the Inhibition of SHIP1 as a Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.068781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaoyou Chu
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Emily R Mason
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Disha Soni
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Sara K Quinney
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Suzanne Doolen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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20
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Lin PB, Tsai AP, Soni D, Lee‐Goseelin A, Nho K, Lamb BT, Oblak AL. INPP5D inhibition attenuates amyloid pathology through the regulation of microglial functions. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Andy Po‐Yi Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Disha Soni
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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21
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Sasner M, Oblak AL, Garceau D, Kotredes KP, Preuss C, Uyar A, Pandey RS, Lin PB, Tsai AP, Carter GW, Howell GR, Lamb BT. A clinically relevant mouse model of the Trem2*R47H Alzheimer’s disease risk variant. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor ME USA
| | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine Farmington CT USA
| | - Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Andy Po‐Yi Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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22
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Territo PR, Quinney SK, Masters AR, Haynes KA, Cope ZA, Little G, Williams S, Meyer JA, Peters J, Figueiredo L, Persohn SC, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Seyfried NT, Onos KD, Sasner M, Howell GR, Carter GW, Oblak AL, Lamb BT, Rizzo SJS. Pharmacodynamics Assessment of Aducanumab in 5XFAD mice: A MODEL‐AD PTC Study. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.064606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Sara K Quinney
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Katy A Haynes
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA
| | | | - Gabriela Little
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA
| | | | - Jill A Meyer
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | - Amanda A Bedwell
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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23
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Puntambekar SS, Moutinho M, Lin PB, Jadhav V, Tumbleson‐Brink D, Balaji A, Benito MA, Xu G, Oblak AL, Reeves CAL, Landreth GE, Lamb BT. Cx3cr1 deficiency aggravates Aβ driven neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Vaishnavi Jadhav
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Ananya Balaji
- Indiana University‐School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Guixiang Xu
- Indiana University, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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24
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Katsumoto A, Kokiko-Cochran ON, Bemiller SM, Xu G, Ransohoff RM, Lamb BT. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 deficiency exacerbates injury-induced inflammation in a mouse model of tauopathy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:978423. [PMID: 36389767 PMCID: PMC9664165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.978423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) promotes several Alzheimer's disease-like pathological features, including microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) accumulation within neurons. Macrophage activation in the injured hTau mouse model of tauopathy raises the question whether there is a relationship between MAPT pathology and alterations in macrophage activation following TBI. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a critical regulator of microglia and macrophage phenotype, but its mechanisms on TBI remain unclear. To address the association with TREM2 in TBI and MAPT pathology, we studied TREM2 deficiency in hTau mice (hTau;Trem2-/- ) 3 (acute phase) and 120 (chronic phase) days after experimental TBI. At three days following injury, hTau;Trem2-/- mice exhibited reduced macrophage activation both in the cortex and hippocampus. However, to our surprise, hTau;Trem2-/- mice exposed to TBI augments macrophage accumulation in the corpus callosum and white matter near the site of tissue damage in a chronic phase, which results in exacerbated axonal injury, tau aggregation, and impaired neurogenesis. We further demonstrate that TREM2 deficiency in hTau injured mice promotes neuronal dystrophy in the white matter due to impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Remarkably, hTau;Trem2-/- exposed to TBI failed to restore blood-brain barrier integrity. These findings imply that TREM2 deficiency accelerates inflammation and neurodegeneration, accompanied by attenuated microglial phagocytosis and continuous blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, thus exacerbating tauopathy in hTau TBI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Katsumoto
- Department of Neurosciences, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Olga N. Kokiko-Cochran
- Department of Neurosciences, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States,Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shane M. Bemiller
- Department of Neurosciences, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Guixiang Xu
- Department of Neurosciences, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Richard M. Ransohoff
- Department of Neurosciences, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States,Neuroinflammation Research Center, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Department of Neurosciences, The Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States,*Correspondence: Bruce T. Lamb,
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25
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Claes C, England WE, Danhash EP, Kiani Shabestari S, Jairaman A, Chadarevian JP, Hasselmann J, Tsai AP, Coburn MA, Sanchez J, Lim TE, Hidalgo JLS, Tu C, Cahalan MD, Lamb BT, Landreth GE, Spitale RC, Blurton‐Jones M, Davtyan H. The P522R protective variant of PLCG2 promotes the expression of antigen presentation genes by human microglia in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1765-1778. [PMID: 35142046 PMCID: PMC9360195 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The P522R variant of PLCG2, expressed by microglia, is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the impact of this protective mutation on microglial responses to AD pathology remains unknown. Chimeric AD and wild-type mice were generated by transplanting PLCG2-P522R or isogenic wild-type human induced pluripotent stem cell microglia. At 7 months of age, single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, and histological analyses were performed. The PLCG2-P522R variant induced a significant increase in microglial human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression and the induction of antigen presentation, chemokine signaling, and T cell proliferation pathways. Examination of immune-intact AD mice further demonstrated that the PLCG2-P522R variant promotes the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to the brain. These data provide the first evidence that the PLCG2-P522R variant increases the capacity of microglia to recruit T cells and present antigens, promoting a microglial transcriptional state that has recently been shown to be reduced in AD patient brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Claes
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Whitney E. England
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emma P. Danhash
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sepideh Kiani Shabestari
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Amit Jairaman
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jean Paul Chadarevian
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jonathan Hasselmann
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andy P. Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Morgan A. Coburn
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jessica Sanchez
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tau En Lim
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jorge L. S. Hidalgo
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Christina Tu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael D. Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Gary E. Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyIUSMIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Robert C. Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mathew Blurton‐Jones
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
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26
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Onos KD, Quinney SK, Jones DR, Masters AR, Pandey R, Keezer KJ, Biesdorf C, Metzger IF, Meyers JA, Peters J, Persohn SC, McCarthy BP, Bedwell AA, Figueiredo LL, Cope ZA, Sasner M, Howell GR, Williams HM, Oblak AL, Lamb BT, Carter GW, Rizzo SJS, Territo PR. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and transcriptomic analysis of chronic levetiracetam treatment in 5XFAD mice: A MODEL-AD preclinical testing core study. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2022; 8:e12329. [PMID: 36016830 PMCID: PMC9398229 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity are commonplace in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and associated with impaired cognitive function. The anti-seizure drug levetiracetam (LEV) is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for ability to reduce epileptiform activity and improve cognitive function in AD. The purpose of our studies was to establish a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship with LEV in an amyloidogenic mouse model of AD to enable predictive preclinical to clinical translation, using the rigorous preclinical testing pipeline of the Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Preclinical Testing Core. Methods A multi-tier approach was applied that included quality assurance and quality control of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, PK/PD modeling, positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI), functional outcomes, and transcriptomics. 5XFAD mice were treated chronically with LEV for 3 months at doses in line with those allometrically scaled to the clinical dose range. Results Pharmacokinetics of LEV demonstrated sex differences in Cmax, AUC0-∞, and CL/F, and a dose dependence in AUC0-∞. After chronic dosing at 10, 30, 56 mg/kg, PET/MRI tracer 18F-AV45, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) showed specific regional differences with treatment. LEV did not significantly improve cognitive outcomes. Transcriptomics performed by nanoString demonstrated drug- and dose-related changes in gene expression relevant to human brain regions and pathways congruent with changes in 18F-FDG uptake. Discussion This study represents the first report of PK/PD assessment of LEV in 5XFAD mice. Overall, these results highlighted non-linear kinetics based on dose and sex. Plasma concentrations of the 10 mg/kg dose in 5XFAD overlapped with human plasma concentrations used for studies of mild cognitive impairment, while the 30 and 56 mg/kg doses were reflective of doses used to treat seizure activity. Post-treatment gene expression analysis demonstrated LEV dose-related changes in immune function and neuronal-signaling pathways relevant to human AD, and aligned with regional 18F-FDG uptake. Overall, this study highlights the importance of PK/PD relationships in preclinical studies to inform clinical study design. Highlights Significant sex differences in pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam were observed in 5XFAD mice.Plasma concentrations of 10 mg/kg levetiracetam dose in 5XFAD overlapped with human plasma concentration used in the clinic.Drug- and dose-related differences in gene expression relevant to human brain regions and pathways were also similar to brain region-specific changes in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David R. Jones
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Carla Biesdorf
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Jill A. Meyers
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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27
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Oblak AL, Cope ZA, Quinney SK, Pandey RS, Biesdorf C, Masters AR, Onos KD, Haynes L, Keezer KJ, Meyer JA, Peters JS, Persohn SA, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Little G, Williams S, Noarbe B, Obenaus A, Sasner M, Howell GR, Carter GW, Williams H, Lamb BT, Territo PR, Sukoff Rizzo SJ. Prophylactic evaluation of verubecestat on disease- and symptom-modifying effects in 5XFAD mice. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2022; 8:e12317. [PMID: 35846156 PMCID: PMC9281365 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Beta-secretase (BACE) inhibitors have been proposed as potential therapeutic interventions; however, initiating treatment once disease has significantly progressed has failed to effectively stop or treat disease. Whether BACE inhibition may have efficacy when administered prophylactically in the early stages of AD has been under-investigated. The present studies aimed to evaluate prophylactic treatment of the BACE inhibitor verubecestat in an AD mouse model using the National Institute on Aging (NIA) resources of the Model Organism Development for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (MODEL-AD) Preclinical Testing Core (PTC) Drug Screening Pipeline. Methods 5XFAD mice were administered verubecestat ad libitum in chow from 3 to 6 months of age, prior to the onset of significant disease pathology. Following treatment (6 months of age), in vivo imaging was conducted with 18F-florbetapir (AV-45/Amyvid) (18F-AV45) and 18-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose)-PET (positron emission tomography)/MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), brain and plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) were measured, and the clinical and behavioral characteristics of the mice were assessed and correlated with the pharmacokinetic data. Results Prophylactic verubecestat treatment resulted in dose- and region-dependent attenuations of 18F-AV45 uptake in male and female 5XFAD mice. Plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 were also dose-dependently attenuated with treatment. Across the dose range evaluated, side effects including coat color changes and motor alterations were reported, in the absence of cognitive improvement or changes in 18F-FDG uptake. Discussion Prophylactic treatment with verubecestat resulted in attenuated amyloid plaque deposition when treatment was initiated prior to significant pathology in 5XFAD mice. At the same dose range effective at attenuating Aβ levels, verubecestat produced side effects in the absence of improvements in cognitive function. Taken together these data demonstrate the rigorous translational approaches of the MODEL-AD PTC for interrogating potential therapeutics and provide insight into the limitations of verubecestat as a prophylactic intervention for early-stage AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zackary A. Cope
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
- The Jackson LaboratoryBar HarborMaineUSA
| | - Carla Biesdorf
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jill A. Meyer
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Gabriela Little
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
- University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
- University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- The Jackson LaboratoryBar HarborMaineUSA
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28
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Puntambekar SS, Moutinho M, Lin PBC, Jadhav V, Tumbleson-Brink D, Balaji A, Benito MA, Xu G, Oblak A, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Landreth GE, Lamb BT. CX3CR1 deficiency aggravates amyloid driven neuronal pathology and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:47. [PMID: 35764973 PMCID: PMC9241248 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite its identification as a key checkpoint regulator of microglial activation in Alzheimer’s disease, the overarching role of CX3CR1 signaling in modulating mechanisms of Aβ driven neurodegeneration, including accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau is not well understood. Methodology Accumulation of soluble and insoluble Aβ species, microglial activation, synaptic dysregulation, and neurodegeneration is investigated in 4- and 6-month old 5xFAD;Cx3cr1+/+ and 5xFAD;Cx3cr1−/− mice using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, transcriptomic and quantitative real time PCR analyses of purified microglia. Flow cytometry based, in-vivo Aβ uptake assays are used for characterization of the effects of CX3CR1-signaling on microglial phagocytosis and lysosomal acidification as indicators of clearance of methoxy-X-04+ fibrillar Aβ. Lastly, we use Y-maze testing to analyze the effects of Cx3cr1 deficiency on working memory. Results Disease progression in 5xFAD;Cx3cr1−/− mice is characterized by increased deposition of filamentous plaques that display defective microglial plaque engagement. Microglial Aβ phagocytosis and lysosomal acidification in 5xFAD;Cx3cr1−/− mice is impaired in-vivo. Interestingly, Cx3cr1 deficiency results in heighted accumulation of neurotoxic, oligomeric Aβ, along with severe neuritic dystrophy, preferential loss of post-synaptic densities, exacerbated tau pathology, neuronal loss and cognitive impairment. Transcriptomic analyses using cortical RNA, coupled with qRT-PCR using purified microglia from 6 month-old mice indicate dysregulated TGFβ-signaling and heightened ROS metabolism in 5xFAD;Cx3cr1−/− mice. Lastly, microglia in 6 month-old 5xFAD;Cx3cr1−/− mice express a ‘degenerative’ phenotype characterized by increased levels of Ccl2, Ccl5, Il-1β, Pten and Cybb along with reduced Tnf, Il-6 and Tgfβ1 mRNA. Conclusions Cx3cr1 deficiency impairs microglial uptake and degradation of fibrillar Aβ, thereby triggering increased accumulation of neurotoxic Aβ species. Furthermore, loss of Cx3cr1 results in microglial dysfunction typified by dampened TGFβ-signaling, increased oxidative stress responses and dysregulated pro-inflammatory activation. Our results indicate that Aβ-driven microglial dysfunction in Cx3cr1−/− mice aggravates tau hyperphosphorylation, neurodegeneration, synaptic dysregulation and impairs working memory. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13024-022-00545-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta S Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Biomedical Gateway (IBMG) Program, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Vaishnavi Jadhav
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Danika Tumbleson-Brink
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ananya Balaji
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Clinical and Translational Institute (CTSI), Summer Research Program (SRP), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Martin Alvarado Benito
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Guixiang Xu
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrian Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Radiology, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University-School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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29
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Oblak AL, Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Reagan AM, Ingraham C, Perkins B, Lloyd C, Baker D, Lin PB, Soni DM, Tsai AP, Persohn SA, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Meyer JA, Peters JS, Figueiredo LL, Sasner M, Territo PR, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Carter GW, Lamb BT, Howell GR. Plcg2M28L Interacts With High Fat/High Sugar Diet to Accelerate Alzheimer’s Disease-Relevant Phenotypes in Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:886575. [PMID: 35813947 PMCID: PMC9263289 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.886575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studies have supported the notion that obesity accelerates AD-related pathophysiology in mouse models of AD. The majority of studies, to date, have focused on the use of early-onset AD models. Here, we evaluate the impact of genetic risk factors on late-onset AD (LOAD) in mice fed with a high fat/high sugar diet (HFD). We focused on three mouse models created through the IU/JAX/PITT MODEL-AD Center. These included a combined risk model with APOE4 and a variant in triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2R47H). We have termed this model, LOAD1. Additional variants including the M28L variant in phospholipase C Gamma 2 (Plcg2M28L) and the 677C > T variant in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (Mthfr677C >T) were engineered by CRISPR onto LOAD1 to generate LOAD1.Plcg2M28L and LOAD1.Mthfr677C >T. At 2 months of age, animals were placed on an HFD that induces obesity or a control diet (CD), until 12 months of age. Throughout the study, blood was collected to assess the levels of cholesterol and glucose. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was completed prior to sacrifice to image for glucose utilization and brain perfusion. After the completion of the study, blood and brains were collected for analysis. As expected, animals fed a HFD, showed a significant increase in body weight compared to those fed a CD. Glucose increased as a function of HFD in females only with cholesterol increasing in both sexes. Interestingly, LOAD1.Plcg2M28L demonstrated an increase in microglia density and alterations in regional brain glucose and perfusion on HFD. These changes were not observed in LOAD1 or LOAD1.Mthfr677C >T animals fed with HFD. Furthermore, LOAD1.Plcg2M28L but not LOAD1.Mthfr677C >T or LOAD1 animals showed transcriptomics correlations with human AD modules. Our results show that HFD affects the brain in a genotype-specific manner. Further insight into this process may have significant implications for the development of lifestyle interventions for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Adrian L. Oblak,
| | | | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Bridget Perkins
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Christopher Lloyd
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Deborah Baker
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter B. Lin
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Disha M. Soni
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andy P. Tsai
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Scott A. Persohn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amanda A. Bedwell
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kierra Eldridge
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jill A. Meyer
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Johnathan S. Peters
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lucas L. Figueiredo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Paul R. Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Gareth R. Howell,
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Moutinho M, Puntambekar SS, Tsai AP, Coronel I, Lin PB, Casali BT, Martinez P, Oblak AL, Lasagna-Reeves CA, Lamb BT, Landreth GE. The niacin receptor HCAR2 modulates microglial response and limits disease progression in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl7634. [PMID: 35320002 PMCID: PMC10161396 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl7634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased dietary intake of niacin has been correlated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Niacin serves as a high-affinity ligand for the receptor HCAR2 (GPR109A). In the brain, HCAR2 is expressed selectively by microglia and is robustly induced by amyloid pathology in AD. The genetic inactivation of Hcar2 in 5xFAD mice, a model of AD, results in impairment of the microglial response to amyloid deposition, including deficits in gene expression, proliferation, envelopment of amyloid plaques, and uptake of amyloid-β (Aβ), ultimately leading to exacerbation of amyloid burden, neuronal loss, and cognitive deficits. In contrast, activation of HCAR2 with an FDA-approved formulation of niacin (Niaspan) in 5xFAD mice leads to reduced plaque burden and neuronal dystrophy, attenuation of neuronal loss, and rescue of working memory deficits. These data provide direct evidence that HCAR2 is required for an efficient and neuroprotective response of microglia to amyloid pathology. Administration of Niaspan potentiates the HCAR2-mediated microglial protective response and consequently attenuates amyloid-induced pathology, suggesting that its use may be a promising therapeutic approach to AD that specifically targets the neuroimmune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shweta S Puntambekar
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andy P Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Israel Coronel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Peter B Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brad T Casali
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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31
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Tsai AP, Dong C, Lin PBC, Messenger EJ, Casali BT, Moutinho M, Liu Y, Oblak AL, Lamb BT, Landreth GE, Bissel SJ, Nho K. PLCG2 is associated with the inflammatory response and is induced by amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Genome Med 2022; 14:17. [PMID: 35180881 PMCID: PMC8857783 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by robust microgliosis and phenotypic changes that accompany disease pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence from genetic studies suggests the importance of phospholipase C γ 2 (PLCG2) in late-onset AD (LOAD) pathophysiology. However, the role of PLCG2 in AD is still poorly understood. METHODS Using bulk RNA-Seq (N=1249) data from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Alzheimer's Disease Consortium (AMP-AD), we investigated whether PLCG2 expression increased in the brains of LOAD patients. We also evaluated the relationship between PLCG2 expression levels, amyloid plaque density, and expression levels of microglia specific markers (AIF1 and TMEM119). Finally, we investigated the longitudinal changes of PLCG2 expression in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. To further understand the role of PLCG2 in different signaling pathways, differential gene expression and co-expression network analyses were performed using bulk RNA-Seq and microglial single-cell RNA-Seq data. To substantiate the human analyses, we performed differential gene expression analysis on wild-type (WT) and inactivated Plcg2 mice and used immunostaining to determine if the differentially expressed genes/pathways were altered by microglial cell coverage or morphology. RESULTS We observed significant upregulation of PLCG2 expression in three brain regions of LOAD patients and significant positive correlation of PLCG2 expression with amyloid plaque density. These findings in the human brain were validated in the 5xFAD amyloid mouse model, which showed disease progression-dependent increases in Plcg2 expression associated with amyloid pathology. Of note, increased Plcg2 expression levels in 5xFAD mice were abolished by reducing microglia. Furthermore, using bulk RNA-Seq data, we performed differential expression analysis by comparing cognitively normal older adults (CN) with 75th percentile (high) and 25th percentile (low) PLCG2 gene expression levels to identify pathways related to inflammation and the inflammatory response. The findings in the human brain were validated by differential expression analyses between WT and plcg2 inactivated mice. PLCG2 co-expression network analysis of microglial single-cell RNA-Seq data identified pathways related to the inflammatory response including regulation of I-kappaB/NF-kappa B signaling and response to lipopolysaccharide. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide further evidence that PLCG2 plays an important role in AD pathophysiology and may be a potential target for microglia-targeted AD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy P. Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Evan J. Messenger
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Brad T. Casali
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH USA
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Gary E. Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Stephanie J. Bissel
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
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32
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Kotredes KP, Oblak A, Pandey RS, Lin PBC, Garceau D, Williams H, Uyar A, O'Rourke R, O'Rourke S, Ingraham C, Bednarczyk D, Belanger M, Cope Z, Foley KE, Logsdon BA, Mangravite LM, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Territo PR, Carter GW, Sasner M, Lamb BT, Howell GR. Corrigendum: Uncovering Disease Mechanisms in a Novel Mouse Model Expressing Humanized APOEε4 and Trem2*R47H. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:857628. [PMID: 35197847 PMCID: PMC8859544 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.857628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Rita O'Rourke
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | - Zackary Cope
- Department of Medicine—Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kate E. Foley
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | | | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine—Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Paul R. Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Bruce T. Lamb
| | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- *Correspondence: Gareth R. Howell
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33
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Tsai APY, Lin PBC, Dong C, Moutinho M, Liu Y, Bissel SJ, Oblak AL, Nho K, Lamb BT, Landreth GE. Impact of PLCG2 expression on Microglial Biology and Disease Pathogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [PMID: 34971198 DOI: 10.1002/alz.058740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases are typified by a robust microglial-mediated immune response. Genetic studies have demonstrated that variants in microglial genes are linked to risk for AD. Phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLCG2), whose variants confer altered risk for AD, is a critical signaling element for various immune receptors and is a key regulatory hub gene for immune signaling. To date, it is known that PLCG2 might be important in AD due to the pervious findings that a hypermorphic variant in PLCG2, rs72824905, is protective against AD risk. However, the role of PLCG2 has not yet been comprehensively explored. We believe that genetic mouse models are needed to further clarify the role of PLCG2 in plaque-associated microglia and to determine whether decreased PLCG2 expression in plaque-associated microglia favors disease exacerbation or attenuation. METHOD To investigate the impact of reduced PLCG2 gene expression on microglia biology and disease pathology, we have generated PLCG2 inactivation mice, all crossed onto the 5XFAD amyloidogenic murine model of AD. RESULT We provide data demonstrating that in individuals with AD, there is increased expression of PLCG2 in the brain, a finding that is recapitulated in 5XFAD mice. We show that reduced PLCG2 gene expression program microglial phenotypes in 5XFAD mice, affect plaque pathology, and drive distinct transcriptional phenotypes of microglia in the presence of amyloid pathology. Analysis of plaque pathology revealed that 5XFAD PLCG2 inactivation mice have elevated plaque burden. Compared to 5XFAD mice, behavioral analysis of 5XFAD with PLCG2 inactivation mice demonstrated an impaired performance in the Y maze assay, reflecting impaired cognitive decline. Our data suggest that the inactivation of PLCG2 had accelerated and exacerbated disease-related pathology. CONCLUSION Together, our findings provide evidence that PLCG2 plays an important role in AD pathophysiology, indicating PLCG2 as a potential new therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Po-Yi Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Lin PBC, Tsai APY, Nho K, Lamb BT, Oblak AL. INPP5D regulates the amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [PMID: 34971187 DOI: 10.1002/alz.058724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, robust microgliosis, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss. Genome-wide association studies highlighted a prominent role for microglia in late-onset AD (LOAD). Specifically, inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D) is selectively expressed in brain microglia and one of its common intronic variants (rs35349669; OR=1.08, 95%CI=1.06-1.11) has been reported to be associated with increased risk of LOAD. INPP5D is linked to the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) signaling, but little is known about the function of INPP5D in microglia and how INPP5D regulates TREM2-related AD pathogenesis. Therefore, we aim to understand the role of INPP5D in microglia and AD pathology. METHOD We performed differential gene expression analysis to investigate INPP5D expression in LOAD and its association with plaque density using transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) data from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD) cohort. We also performed quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence assays to assess INPP5D expression and microglial markers in the 5xFAD amyloid mouse model with INPP5D deficiency. Using the INPP5D knockout animal crossed with the 5xFAD, we perform the behavioral assays and IHC staining to reveal how the INPP5D regulates the amyloid pathology. RESULT INPP5D gene expression was upregulated in LOAD and positively correlated with the amyloid plaque density. Inpp5d expression increased along with the disease progression in the 5xFAD mice, and is selectively expressed in plaque-associated microglia. Also, Inpp5d inhibition mitigated the plaque burdens in the 5xFAD mice and further protected against behavioral deficits induced by amyloid pathology. CONCLUSION Our findings show that INPP5D expression increases throughout the AD progression and is predominantly in the plaque-associated microglia. Importantly, inhibited INPP5D expression reduces amyloid pathology, highlighting INPP5D as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andy Po-Yi Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Carter GW, Howell GR, Lamb BT, Oblak AL, Rizzo SJS, Sasner M, Territo PR. Creating, characterizing, and validating the next generation of mouse models for late‐onset Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.049954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | - Paul R Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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Kotredes KP, Oblak AL, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Territo PR, Rizzo SJS, Carter GW, Sasner M, Howell GR, Lamb BT. LOAD2: A late‐onset Alzheimer’s disease mouse model expressing
APOEε4
,
Trem2*R47H
, and humanized amyloid‐beta. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.056017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine Farmington CT USA
| | - Paul R Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
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Kotredes KP, Oblak A, Pandey RS, Lin PBC, Garceau D, Williams H, Uyar A, O’Rourke R, O’Rourke S, Ingraham C, Bednarczyk D, Belanger M, Cope Z, Foley KE, Logsdon BA, Mangravite LM, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Territo PR, Carter GW, Sasner M, Lamb BT, Howell GR. Uncovering Disease Mechanisms in a Novel Mouse Model Expressing Humanized APOEε4 and Trem2*R47H. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:735524. [PMID: 34707490 PMCID: PMC8544520 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.735524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD; LOAD) is the most common human neurodegenerative disease, however, the availability and efficacy of disease-modifying interventions is severely lacking. Despite exceptional efforts to understand disease progression via legacy amyloidogenic transgene mouse models, focus on disease translation with innovative mouse strains that better model the complexity of human AD is required to accelerate the development of future treatment modalities. LOAD within the human population is a polygenic and environmentally influenced disease with many risk factors acting in concert to produce disease processes parallel to those often muted by the early and aggressive aggregate formation in popular mouse strains. In addition to extracellular deposits of amyloid plaques and inclusions of the microtubule-associated protein tau, AD is also defined by synaptic/neuronal loss, vascular deficits, and neuroinflammation. These underlying processes need to be better defined, how the disease progresses with age, and compared to human-relevant outcomes. To create more translatable mouse models, MODEL-AD (Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-onset AD) groups are identifying and integrating disease-relevant, humanized gene sequences from public databases beginning with APOEε4 and Trem2*R47H, two of the most powerful risk factors present in human LOAD populations. Mice expressing endogenous, humanized APOEε4 and Trem2*R47H gene sequences were extensively aged and assayed using a multi-disciplined phenotyping approach associated with and relative to human AD pathology. Robust analytical pipelines measured behavioral, transcriptomic, metabolic, and neuropathological phenotypes in cross-sectional cohorts for progression of disease hallmarks at all life stages. In vivo PET/MRI neuroimaging revealed regional alterations in glycolytic metabolism and vascular perfusion. Transcriptional profiling by RNA-Seq of brain hemispheres identified sex and age as the main sources of variation between genotypes including age-specific enrichment of AD-related processes. Similarly, age was the strongest determinant of behavioral change. In the absence of mouse amyloid plaque formation, many of the hallmarks of AD were not observed in this strain. However, as a sensitized baseline model with many additional alleles and environmental modifications already appended, the dataset from this initial MODEL-AD strain serves an important role in establishing the individual effects and interaction between two strong genetic risk factors for LOAD in a mouse host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Rita O’Rourke
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | - Zackary Cope
- Department of Medicine—Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kate E. Foley
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | | | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine—Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Paul R. Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University Bloomington, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Oblak AL, Lin PB, Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Garceau D, Williams HM, Uyar A, O'Rourke R, O'Rourke S, Ingraham C, Bednarczyk D, Belanger M, Cope ZA, Little GJ, Williams SPG, Ash C, Bleckert A, Ragan T, Logsdon BA, Mangravite LM, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Territo PR, Carter GW, Howell GR, Sasner M, Lamb BT. Comprehensive Evaluation of the 5XFAD Mouse Model for Preclinical Testing Applications: A MODEL-AD Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:713726. [PMID: 34366832 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.71372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to investigate therapeutic interventions in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases depends on extensive characterization of the model(s) being used. There are numerous models that have been generated to study Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the underlying pathogenesis of the disease. While transgenic models have been instrumental in understanding AD mechanisms and risk factors, they are limited in the degree of characteristics displayed in comparison with AD in humans, and the full spectrum of AD effects has yet to be recapitulated in a single mouse model. The Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (MODEL-AD) consortium was assembled by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) to develop more robust animal models of AD with increased relevance to human disease, standardize the characterization of AD mouse models, improve preclinical testing in animals, and establish clinically relevant AD biomarkers, among other aims toward enhancing the translational value of AD models in clinical drug design and treatment development. Here we have conducted a detailed characterization of the 5XFAD mouse, including transcriptomics, electroencephalogram, in vivo imaging, biochemical characterization, and behavioral assessments. The data from this study is publicly available through the AD Knowledge Portal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter B Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Rita O'Rourke
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Melisa Belanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Zackary A Cope
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gabriela J Little
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Carl Ash
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Adam Bleckert
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Tim Ragan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | | | | | | | - Paul R Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | | | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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39
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Oblak AL, Lin PB, Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Garceau D, Williams HM, Uyar A, O'Rourke R, O'Rourke S, Ingraham C, Bednarczyk D, Belanger M, Cope ZA, Little GJ, Williams SPG, Ash C, Bleckert A, Ragan T, Logsdon BA, Mangravite LM, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Territo PR, Carter GW, Howell GR, Sasner M, Lamb BT. Comprehensive Evaluation of the 5XFAD Mouse Model for Preclinical Testing Applications: A MODEL-AD Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:713726. [PMID: 34366832 PMCID: PMC8346252 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.713726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to investigate therapeutic interventions in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases depends on extensive characterization of the model(s) being used. There are numerous models that have been generated to study Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the underlying pathogenesis of the disease. While transgenic models have been instrumental in understanding AD mechanisms and risk factors, they are limited in the degree of characteristics displayed in comparison with AD in humans, and the full spectrum of AD effects has yet to be recapitulated in a single mouse model. The Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease (MODEL-AD) consortium was assembled by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) to develop more robust animal models of AD with increased relevance to human disease, standardize the characterization of AD mouse models, improve preclinical testing in animals, and establish clinically relevant AD biomarkers, among other aims toward enhancing the translational value of AD models in clinical drug design and treatment development. Here we have conducted a detailed characterization of the 5XFAD mouse, including transcriptomics, electroencephalogram, in vivo imaging, biochemical characterization, and behavioral assessments. The data from this study is publicly available through the AD Knowledge Portal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter B Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Rita O'Rourke
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Melisa Belanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Zackary A Cope
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gabriela J Little
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Carl Ash
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Adam Bleckert
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Tim Ragan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | | | | | | | - Paul R Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | | | | | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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40
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Tsai AP, Lin PBC, Dong C, Moutinho M, Casali BT, Liu Y, Lamb BT, Landreth GE, Oblak AL, Nho K. INPP5D expression is associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease and induced by plaque-associated microglia. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 153:105303. [PMID: 33631273 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, robust microgliosis, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss. Genome-wide association studies recently highlighted a prominent role for microglia in late-onset AD (LOAD). Specifically, inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D), also known as SHIP1, is selectively expressed in brain microglia and has been reported to be associated with LOAD. Although INPP5D is likely a crucial player in AD pathophysiology, its role in disease onset and progression remains unclear. We performed differential gene expression analysis to investigate INPP5D expression in AD and its association with plaque density and microglial markers using transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) data from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD) cohort. We also performed quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence assays to assess INPP5D expression in the 5xFAD amyloid mouse model. Differential gene expression analysis found that INPP5D expression was upregulated in LOAD and positively correlated with amyloid plaque density. In addition, in 5xFAD mice, Inpp5d expression increased as the disease progressed, and selectively in plaque-associated microglia. Increased Inpp5d expression levels in 5xFAD mice were abolished entirely by depleting microglia with the colony-stimulating factor receptor-1 antagonist PLX5622. Our findings show that INPP5D expression increases as AD progresses, predominantly in plaque-associated microglia. Importantly, we provide the first evidence that increased INPP5D expression might be a risk factor in AD, highlighting INPP5D as a potential therapeutic target. Moreover, we have shown that the 5xFAD mouse model is appropriate for studying INPP5D in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy P Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | | | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Miguel Moutinho
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Brad T Casali
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Gary E Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, IUSM, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Vitek MP, Araujo JA, Fossel M, Greenberg BD, Howell GR, Rizzo SJS, Seyfried NT, Tenner AJ, Territo PR, Windisch M, Bain LJ, Ross A, Carrillo MC, Lamb BT, Edelmayer RM. Translational animal models for Alzheimer's disease: An Alzheimer's Association Business Consortium Think Tank. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2021; 6:e12114. [PMID: 33457489 PMCID: PMC7798310 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over 5 million Americans and 50 million individuals worldwide are living with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The progressive dementia associated with AD currently has no cure. Although clinical trials in patients are ultimately required to find safe and effective drugs, animal models of AD permit the integration of brain pathologies with learning and memory deficits that are the first step in developing these new drugs. The purpose of the Alzheimer's Association Business Consortium Think Tank meeting was to address the unmet need to improve the discovery and successful development of Alzheimer's therapies. We hypothesize that positive responses to new therapies observed in validated models of AD will provide predictive evidence for positive responses to these same therapies in AD patients. To achieve this goal, we convened a meeting of experts to explore the current state of AD animal models, identify knowledge gaps, and recommend actions for development of next-generation models with better predictability. Among our findings, we all recognize that models reflecting only single aspects of AD pathogenesis do not mimic AD. Models or combinations of new models are needed that incorporate genetics with environmental interactions, timing of disease development, heterogeneous mechanisms and pathways, comorbidities, and other pathologies that lead to AD and related dementias. Selection of the best models requires us to address the following: (1) which animal species, strains, and genetic backgrounds are most appropriate; (2) which models permit efficient use throughout the drug development pipeline; (3) the translatability of behavioral-cognitive assays from animals to patients; and (4) how to match potential AD therapeutics with particular models. Best practice guidelines to improve reproducibility also need to be developed for consistent use of these models in different research settings. To enhance translational predictability, we discuss a multi-model evaluation strategy to de-risk the successful transition of pre-clinical drug assets to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas T. Seyfried
- Departments of Biochemistry and NeurologyEmory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Andrea J. Tenner
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Lisa J. Bain
- Independent Science and Medical WriterElversonPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - April Ross
- Former Alzheimer's Association EmployeeChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineStark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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Uyar A, Pandey RS, Preuss C, Kotredes KP, Oblak AL, Logsdon BA, Rizzo SJS, Howell G, Lamb BT, Sasner M, Carter GW. N‐of‐1‐pathways transcriptomic analysis reveals distinct subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.046575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor ME USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Lamb BT, Palkowitz AD, Howell G, Carter GW, Territo PR, Oblak AL, Rizzo SJS, Sasner M. Identification and characterization of immune‐focused therapeutic targets in the MODEL‐AD and TREAT‐AD consortia. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.044157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Palkowitz AD, Lamb BT, Oblak AL, Reeves CAL, Territo PR, Rizzo SJS. The IUSM‐Purdue Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Discovery Center: A member of the NIH‐funded TREAT‐AD consortium. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Sasner M, Oblak AL, Garceau D, Kotredes KP, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Uyar A, Lamb BT, Carter GW, Howell G. In vivo
testing of the role of Alzheimer’s disease coding variants. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.043896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor ME USA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Territo PR, Lin PB, Persohn SC, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Oblak AL, Sasner M, Carter GW, Lamb BT, Howell G. Neurovascular uncoupling of cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism in APOE4, TREM2, and APOE4.TREM2 mice. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter B. Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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47
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Kotredes KP, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Territo PR, Oblak AL, Kaddurah‐Daouk RF, Arnold M, Seyfried NT, Duong D, Williams HM, Lamb BT, Rizzo SJS, Carter GW, Sasner M, Howell G. Hallmarks of late‐onset Alzheimer’s disease in a humanized mouse model. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
| | | | - Duc Duong
- Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Pandey RS, Kotredes KP, Preuss C, Oblak AL, Lamb BT, Howell G, Sasner M, Carter GW. Transcriptomic profiling of APOE4/Trem2*R47H mouse models for late‐onset Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Territo PR, Quinney SK, Biesdorf C, Masters AR, Onos K, Haynes L, Keezer K, Cope ZA, Meyer JA, Peters J, Persohn SC, Figueiredo L, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Sasner M, Howell G, Carter GW, Oblak AL, Lamb BT, Rizzo SJS. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and transcriptomic analyses of verubecestat treatment in 5XFAD mice. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.041491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla Biesdorf
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jill A. Meyer
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | - Lucas Figueiredo
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis IN USA
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Oblak AL, Forner S, Territo PR, Sasner M, Carter GW, Howell GR, Sukoff‐Rizzo SJ, Logsdon BA, Mangravite LM, Mortazavi A, Baglietto‐Vargas D, Green KN, MacGregor GR, Wood MA, Tenner AJ, LaFerla FM, Lamb BT. Model organism development and evaluation for late-onset Alzheimer's disease: MODEL-AD. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2020; 6:e12110. [PMID: 33283040 PMCID: PMC7683958 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia, disability, and death in the elderly. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the basic biological mechanisms underlying AD, we do not know how to prevent it, nor do we have an approved disease-modifying intervention. Both are essential to slow or stop the growth in dementia prevalence. While our current animal models of AD have provided novel insights into AD disease mechanisms, thus far, they have not been successfully used to predict the effectiveness of therapies that have moved into AD clinical trials. The Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (MODEL-AD; www.model-ad.org) Consortium was established to maximize human datasets to identify putative variants, genes, and biomarkers for AD; to generate, characterize, and validate the next generation of mouse models of AD; and to develop a preclinical testing pipeline. MODEL-AD is a collaboration among Indiana University (IU); The Jackson Laboratory (JAX); University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (Pitt); Sage BioNetworks (Sage); and the University of California, Irvine (UCI) that will generate new AD modeling processes and pipelines, data resources, research results, standardized protocols, and models that will be shared through JAX's and Sage's proven dissemination pipelines with the National Institute on Aging-supported AD Centers, academic and medical research centers, research institutions, and the pharmaceutical industry worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Paul R. Territo
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali Mortazavi
- University of California at IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Kim N. Green
- University of California at IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - and The MODEL‐AD
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- University of California at IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- The Jackson LaboratoryBar HarborMaineUSA
- University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Sage BionetworksSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Consortium
- Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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