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Bose APH, Koch L, Dabernig-Heinz J, Grimm J, Sefc KM, Jordan A. Patterns of sex-biased dispersal are consistent with social and ecological constraints in a group-living cichlid fish. BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:21. [PMID: 35236283 PMCID: PMC8889715 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-01980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-biased dispersal is a common and widespread phenomenon that can fundamentally shape the genetic structure of the social environments in which animals live. For animals that live in and move between social groups, sex-biased dispersal can result in an asymmetry in the degree of relatedness among cohabiting males and females, which can have strong implications for their social evolution. In this study, we measured the relatedness structure within and across groups of a wild population of Neolamprologus multifasciatus, a highly-social, shell-dwelling cichlid fish endemic to Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. In total, we genotyped 812 fish from 128 social groups at 20 microsatellite loci. Neolamprologus multifasciatus live at high densities, and also experience strong ecological constraints on free movement throughout their habitat. At the same time, they exhibit sex differences in the degree of reproductive competition within their groups and this makes them an excellent model system for studying the factors associated with sex-biased dispersal. RESULTS Social groups of N. multifasciatus consist of multiple males and females living together. We found that cohabiting females were unrelated to one another (Lynch-Ritland estimates of relatedness = 0.045 ± 0.15, average ± SD), while males shared much higher, albeit variable, levels of relatedness to other males in their groups (0.23 ± 0.27). We uncovered a pronounced decline in relatedness between males living in separate groups as the spatial separation between them increased, a pattern that was not evident in females. Female dispersal was also markedly constrained by the distribution and availability of nearby territories to which they could emigrate. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate female-biased dispersal in N. multifasciatus. Our study also highlights how the spatial distribution of suitable dispersal destinations can influence the movement decisions of animals. We also emphasize how sex-biased dispersal can influence the relatedness structure of the social environment in which individuals interact and compete with one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh P H Bose
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany.
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Lukas Koch
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Alex Jordan
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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2
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Bose APH, Dabernig-Heinz J, Koch L, Grimm J, Lang S, Hegedűs B, Banda T, Makasa L, Jordan A, Sefc KM. Parentage analysis across age cohorts reveals sex differences in reproductive skew in a group-living cichlid fish, Neolamprologus multifasciatus. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:2418-2434. [PMID: 35170123 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Group-living animals are often faced with complex reproductive decisions, namely how to partition within-group reproduction, how to obtain extra-group reproduction, and how these two means of reproduction should be balanced. The solutions to these questions can be difficult to predict because ecological conditions can affect the scopes for within-group and extra-group reproduction in complex ways. For example, individuals that are restricted from moving freely around their habitats may have limited extra-group reproductive opportunities, but at the same time, groups may live in close proximities to one another, which could potentially have the opposite effect. The group-living cichlid fish, Neolamprologus multifasciatus, experiences such ecological conditions, and we conducted an intensive genetic parentage analysis to investigate how reproduction is distributed within and among groups for both males and females. We found that cohabiting males live in 'high-skew' societies, where dominant males monopolize the majority of within-group reproduction, while females live in 'low-skew' societies, where multiple females can produce offspring concurrently. Despite extremely short distances separating groups, we inferred only very low levels of extra-group reproduction suggesting that subordinate males have very limited reproductive opportunities. A strength of our parentage analysis lies in its inclusion of individuals that spanned a wide age range, from young fry to adults. We outline the logistical circumstances when very young offspring may not always be accessible to parentage researchers, and present strategies to overcome the challenges of inferring mating patterns from a wide age range of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh P H Bose
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Koch
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Taylor Banda
- Lake Tanganyika Research Unit, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Mpulungu, Zambia
| | - Lawrence Makasa
- Lake Tanganyika Research Unit, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Mpulungu, Zambia
| | - Alex Jordan
- Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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3
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Josi D, Heg D, Takeyama T, Bonfils D, Konovalov DA, Frommen JG, Kohda M, Taborsky M. Age- and sex-dependent variation in relatedness corresponds to reproductive skew, territory inheritance, and workload in cooperatively breeding cichlids. Evolution 2021; 75:2881-2897. [PMID: 34555177 PMCID: PMC9298395 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Kin selection plays a major role in the evolution of cooperative systems. However, many social species exhibit complex within-group relatedness structures, where kin selection alone cannot explain the occurrence of cooperative behavior. Understanding such social structures is crucial to elucidate the evolution and maintenance of multi-layered cooperative societies. In lamprologine cichlids, intragroup relatedness seems to correlate positively with reproductive skew, suggesting that in this clade dominants tend to provide reproductive concessions to unrelated subordinates to secure their participation in brood care. We investigate how patterns of within-group relatedness covary with direct and indirect fitness benefits of cooperation in a highly social vertebrate, the cooperatively breeding, polygynous lamprologine cichlid Neolamprologus savoryi. Behavioral and genetic data from 43 groups containing 578 individuals show that groups are socially and genetically structured into subgroups. About 17% of group members were unrelated immigrants, and average relatedness between breeders and brood care helpers declined with helper age due to group membership dynamics. Hence the relative importance of direct and indirect fitness benefits of cooperation depends on helper age. Our findings highlight how both direct and indirect fitness benefits of cooperation and group membership can select for cooperative behavior in societies comprising complex social and relatedness structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Josi
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.,Conservation, Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour Research Group, Ecology and Environment Research Centre, Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Dik Heg
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.,CTU Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomohiro Takeyama
- Department of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Danielle Bonfils
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry A Konovalov
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Joachim G Frommen
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland.,Conservation, Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour Research Group, Ecology and Environment Research Centre, Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Masanori Kohda
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michael Taborsky
- Division of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
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4
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Lipshutz SE, Rosvall KA. Nesting strategy shapes territorial aggression but not testosterone: A comparative approach in female and male birds. Horm Behav 2021; 133:104995. [PMID: 34000663 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the proximate and ultimate mechanisms shaping competitive reproductive phenotypes primarily stems from research on male-male competition for mates, even though competition is widespread in both sexes. We evaluate the hypothesis that the restricted nature of a resource required for reproduction, i.e. nest site, is a key variable driving territorial competition and testosterone secretion in female and male birds. Obligate secondary cavity-nesting has evolved repeatedly across avian lineages, providing a useful comparative context to explore how competition over limited nest cavities shapes aggression and its underlying mechanisms across species. Although evidence from one or another cavity-nesting species suggests that territorial aggression is adaptive in both females and males, this has not yet been tested in a comparative framework. We predicted that cavity-nesting generates more robust territorial aggression, in comparison to close relatives with less restrictive nesting strategies. Our focal species were two obligate secondary cavity-nesting species and two related species with more flexible nesting strategies in the same avian family: tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) vs. barn swallow (Hirundo rustica); Eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis) vs. American robin (Turdus migratorius). We assayed conspecific aggression using simulated territorial intrusion and found that cavity-nesting species displayed greater territorial aggression than their close relatives. This pattern held for both females and males. Because territorial aggression is often associated with elevated testosterone, we also hypothesized that cavity-nesting species would exhibit higher testosterone levels in circulation. However, cavity-nesting species did not have higher testosterone in circulation for either sex, despite some correlative evidence that testosterone is associated with higher rates of physical attack in female tree swallows. Our focus on a context that is relevant to both sexes - competition over essential breeding resources - provides a useful framework for co-consideration of proximate and ultimate drivers of reproductive competition in females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Lipshutz
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Kimberly A Rosvall
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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5
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Hare RM, Simmons LW. Sexual selection and its evolutionary consequences in female animals. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:929-956. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin M. Hare
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Leigh W. Simmons
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009 Australia
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6
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Robart AR, Sinervo B. Parental response to intruder females altered by ornamentation and mate quality in a biparental fish. Behav Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Robart
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Barry Sinervo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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7
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Ota K. Fight, fatigue, and flight: narrowing of attention to a threat compensates for decreased anti-predator vigilance. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.168047. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.168047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fighting carries predation risk because animals have limited attention, constraining their ability to simultaneously engage in aggression and anti-predator vigilance. However, the influence of interspecific aggression and fatigue on the predation cost of fighting is seldom examined, although both are unignorable aspects of fighting. Here, I incorporated both factors in a series of field experiments on the cichlid Lamprologus ocellatus. If territorial males respond more strongly to conspecific territorial intruders than heterospecific intruders, then they should delay escape more frequently during intraspecific fighting than interspecific fighting. Consequently, although I predict that vigilance would be decreased as fighting progresses in both fighting, intraspecific aggression should decrease vigilance more than interspecific aggression. Males were also exposed to a predator approaching at different (slow or fast) speeds during these fighting bouts. Delays in predator detection and flight initiation were quantified and these predictions were tested. As predicted, males were responded more strongly to intraspecific intruders, resulting in slower predator detection and fleeing times than when encountering interspecific intruders. Furthermore, flight latency decreased with increasing fight duration, suggesting that fatigue negatively influenced escape responses. However, contrary to prediction, the vigilance decrement rate was faster in response to slow predators than to rapid predators, and was not influenced by intruder identity. This suggests that fighting males reserve their attention for information critical to their survival and are less vigilant toward a less-threatening (slow approaching) predator. This cognitive allocation may be an adaptive compensation for fatigue-related low vigilance during fighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Ota
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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8
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Hellmann JK, Sovic MG, Gibbs HL, Reddon AR, O'Connor CM, Ligocki IY, Marsh-Rollo S, Balshine S, Hamilton IM. Within-group relatedness is correlated with colony-level social structure and reproductive sharing in a social fish. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4001-13. [PMID: 27297293 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Hellmann
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology; The Ohio State University; 318 West 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Michael G. Sovic
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology; The Ohio State University; 318 West 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - H. Lisle Gibbs
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology; The Ohio State University; 318 West 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Adam R. Reddon
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour; Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Lab; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Constance M. O'Connor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour; Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Lab; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Isaac Y. Ligocki
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology; The Ohio State University; 318 West 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Susan Marsh-Rollo
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour; Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Lab; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Sigal Balshine
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour; Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Lab; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Ian M. Hamilton
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology; The Ohio State University; 318 West 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
- Department of Mathematics; The Ohio State University; 231 West 18th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
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9
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Tanaka H, Frommen JG, Takahashi T, Kohda M. Predation risk promotes delayed dispersal in the cooperatively breeding cichlid Neolamprologus obscurus. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Hellmann JK, Ligocki IY, O'Connor CM, Reddon AR, Garvy KA, Marsh-Rollo SE, Gibbs HL, Balshine S, Hamilton IM. Reproductive sharing in relation to group and colony-level attributes in a cooperative breeding fish. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2015.0954. [PMID: 26136450 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.0954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The degree to which group members share reproduction is dictated by both within-group (e.g. group size and composition) and between-group(e.g. density and position of neighbours) characteristics. While many studies have investigated reproductive patterns within social groups, few have simultaneously explored how within-group and between-group social structure influence these patterns. Here, we investigated how group size and composition, along with territory density and location within the colony, influenced parentage in 36 wild groups of a colonial, cooperatively breeding fish Neolamprologus pulcher. Dominant males sired 76% of offspring in their group, whereas dominant females mothered 82% of offspring in their group. Subordinate reproduction was frequent, occurring in 47% of sampled groups. Subordinate males gained more paternity in groups located in high-density areas and in groups with many subordinate males. Dominant males and females in large groups and in groups with many reproductively mature subordinates had higher rates of parentage loss, but only at the colony edge. Our study provides, to our knowledge,the first comprehensive quantification of reproductive sharing among groups of wild N. pulcher, a model species for the study of cooperation and social behaviour. Further, we demonstrate that the frequency of extra-pair parentage differs across small social and spatial scales.
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11
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Eweleit L, Reinhold K, Sauer J. Speciation Progress: A Case Study on the Bushcricket Poecilimon veluchianus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139494. [PMID: 26436732 PMCID: PMC4593647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Different mechanisms such as selection or genetic drift permitted e.g. by geographical isolation can lead to differentiation of populations and could cause subsequent speciation. The two subspecies of Poecilimon veluchianus, a bushcricket endemic to central Greece, show a parapatric distribution and are partially reproductively isolated. Therefore, P. veluchianus is suitable to investigate an ongoing speciation process. We based our analysis on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the mitochondrial control region (CR). The population genetic analysis based on the nuclear marker ITS revealed a barrier to gene flow within the range of Poecilimon veluchianus, which corresponds well to the described subspecies. In contrast to the results based on the nuclear ITS marker, the mitochondrial CR marker does not clearly support the separation into two subspecies with restricted gene flow and a clear contact zone. Furthermore, we could identify isolation by distance (IBD) as one important mechanism responsible for the observed genetic structure (based on the ITS marker). The population genetic analysis based on the nuclear marker ITS also suggests the existence of hybrids in the wild. Furthermore, the simultaneous lack of strong prezygotic barriers and the presence of postzygotic mating barriers, observed in previous laboratory experiments, suggest that a secondary contact after an allopatric phase is more likely than parapatric speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucienne Eweleit
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Klaus Reinhold
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jan Sauer
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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12
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Hellmann JK, O'Connor CM, Ligocki IY, Farmer TM, Arnold TJ, Reddon AR, Garvy KA, Marsh‐Rollo SE, Balshine S, Hamilton IM. Evidence for alternative male morphs in a
T
anganyikan cichlid fish. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Hellmann
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - C. M. O'Connor
- Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Laboratory Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - I. Y. Ligocki
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - T. M. Farmer
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - T. J. Arnold
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - A. R. Reddon
- Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Laboratory Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - K. A. Garvy
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - S. E. Marsh‐Rollo
- Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Laboratory Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - S. Balshine
- Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Laboratory Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - I. M. Hamilton
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
- Department of Mathematics The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
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13
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Ota K, Awata S, Morita M, Kohda M. Sneaker males are not necessarily similar to females in colour in a sexually monochromatic cichlid. J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Ota
- Department of Biology and Geosciences Osaka City University Osaka Japan
| | - S. Awata
- Sado Marine Biological Station Faculty of Science Niigata University Sado Niigata Japan
| | - M. Morita
- Sesoko Station TBRC University of the Ryukyus Motobu Okinawa Japan
| | - M. Kohda
- Department of Biology and Geosciences Osaka City University Osaka Japan
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14
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Tobias JA, Montgomerie R, Lyon BE. The evolution of female ornaments and weaponry: social selection, sexual selection and ecological competition. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2012; 367:2274-93. [PMID: 22777016 PMCID: PMC3391421 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ornaments, weapons and aggressive behaviours may evolve in female animals by mate choice and intrasexual competition for mating opportunities-the standard forms of sexual selection in males. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that selection tends to operate in different ways in males and females, with female traits more often mediating competition for ecological resources, rather than mate acquisition. Two main solutions have been proposed to accommodate this disparity. One is to expand the concept of sexual selection to include all mechanisms related to fecundity; another is to adopt an alternative conceptual framework-the theory of social selection-in which sexual selection is one component of a more general form of selection resulting from all social interactions. In this study, we summarize the history of the debate about female ornaments and weapons, and discuss potential resolutions. We review the components of fitness driving ornamentation in a wide range of systems, and show that selection often falls outside the limits of traditional sexual selection theory, particularly in females. We conclude that the evolution of these traits in both sexes is best understood within the unifying framework of social selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Tobias
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
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15
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Borg ÅA, Åsmul T, Bolstad GH, Viken Å, Berglund A, Rosenqvist G. Interactions Among Female Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) Affect Growth and Reproduction. Ethology 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2012.02065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Åsa A. Borg
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Tommy Åsmul
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Geir H. Bolstad
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Åslaug Viken
- The Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre; Trondheim; Norway
| | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; Uppsala; Sweden
| | - Gunilla Rosenqvist
- Department of Biology; Centre for Conservation Biology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim; Norway
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16
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Ang TZ, Manica A. Effect of the Presence of Subordinates on Dominant Female Behaviour and Fitness in Hierarchies of the Dwarf Angelfish Centropyge bicolor. Ethology 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2011.01964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Sefc KM. Mating and Parental Care in Lake Tanganyika's Cichlids. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 2011; 2011:470875. [PMID: 21822482 PMCID: PMC3142683 DOI: 10.4061/2011/470875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cichlid fishes of Lake Tanganyika display a variety of mating and parental care behaviors, including polygamous and monogamous mouthbrooding and substrate breeding, cooperative breeding, as well as various alternative reproductive tactics such as sneaking and piracy. Moreover, reproductive behaviors sometimes vary within species both in space and in time. Here, I survey reports on mating and parenting behaviors of Lake Tanganyika cichlid species and address the evolution of mating and parental care patterns and sexual dimorphism. Notes on measures of sexual selection intensity and the difficulties of defining mating systems and estimating selection intensities at species level conclude the essay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M. Sefc
- Department of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Haesler MP, Lindeyer CM, Otti O, Bonfils D, Heg D, Taborsky M. Female mouthbrooders in control of pre- and postmating sexual selection. Behav Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arr087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Forrester G, Harmon L, Helyer J, Holden W, Karis R. Experimental evidence for density‐dependent reproductive output in a coral reef fish. POPUL ECOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-010-0225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Forrester
- Department of Natural Resources ScienceUniversity of Rhode Island02881KingstonRIUSA
| | - Lindsay Harmon
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Rhode Island02881KingstonRIUSA
| | - Jason Helyer
- Department of Marine AffairsUniversity of Rhode Island02881KingstonRIUSA
| | - William Holden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of Washington1122 NE Boat St98105SeattleWAUSA
| | - Rebecca Karis
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Rhode Island02881KingstonRIUSA
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Dierkes P, Taborsky M, Achmann R. Multiple paternity in the cooperatively breeding fish Neolamprologus pulcher. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-008-0587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Stiver KA, Fitzpatrick JL, Desjardins JK, Neff BD, Quinn JS, Balshine S. The role of genetic relatedness among social mates in a cooperative breeder. Behav Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arn031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Stiver KA, Desjardins JK, Fitzpatrick JL, Neff B, Quinn JS, Balshine S. Evidence for size and sex-specific dispersal in a cooperatively breeding cichlid fish. Mol Ecol 2007; 16:2974-84. [PMID: 17614911 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
African Great Lake cichlid populations are divided into thousands of genetic subpopulations. The low gene flow between these subpopulations is thought to result from high degrees of natal philopatry, heavy predation pressure, and a patchy distribution of preferred habitats. While predation pressure and habitat distribution are fairly straightforward to assess, data on dispersal distances and rates are scarce. In fishes, direct observations of dispersal events are unlikely, but dispersal can be studied using molecular markers. Using seven microsatellite loci, we examined dispersal in the cooperatively breeding cichlid fish, Neolamprologus pulcher. As this species is found in well-defined groups clustered into subpopulations, we could assess dispersal on a narrow (within subpopulation) and broad (between subpopulation) scale. While fish were generally more related to others in their own subpopulation than they were to fish from other subpopulations, large males diverged from this pattern. Large males were more related to other large males from different subpopulations than they were to large males from their own subpopulation, suggesting more frequent dispersal by large males. Across subpopulations, relatedness between large males was higher than the relatedness among large females; this pattern was not detected in small males and small females. Within a subpopulation, individuals appeared to be preferentially moving away from relatives, and movement was unrestricted by the physical distance between groups. Our results highlight the importance of examining multiple spatial scales when studying individual dispersal biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Stiver
- Department of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4K1.
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Female–female competition or male mate choice? Patterns of courtship and breeding behavior among feral horses (Equus caballus) on Assateague Island. J ETHOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-007-0043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Heg D, Bergmüller R, Bonfils D, Otti O, Bachar Z, Burri R, Heckel G, Taborsky M. Cichlids do not adjust reproductive skew to the availability of independent breeding options. Behav Ecol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arj056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Stiver KA, Dierkes P, Taborsky M, Lisle Gibbs H, Balshine S. Relatedness and helping in fish: examining the theoretical predictions. Proc Biol Sci 2005; 272:1593-9. [PMID: 16048775 PMCID: PMC1559835 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2005.3123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have attempted to explain the evolution of cooperation, yet little attention has been paid to what factors control the amount or kind of cooperation performed. Kin selection theory suggests that more cooperation, or help, should be given by relatives. However, recent theory suggests that under specific ecological and demographic conditions, unrelated individuals must 'pay to stay' in the group and therefore may help more. We tested these contrasting predictions using the cooperatively breeding fish, Neolamprologus pulcher, and found that the degree of work effort by helpers depended on which helping behaviours were considered and on their level of relatedness to the breeding male or female. In the field, helpers unrelated to the breeding male performed more territory defence, while helpers unrelated to the breeding female contributed less to territory defence. In the laboratory, unrelated group members helped more. Our work demonstrates that a number of factors in addition to kinship shape cooperative investment patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Stiver
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, McMaster UniversityHamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Petra Dierkes
- Konrad Lorenz-Institut furVergleichende Verhaltensforschung (KLIVV)1160 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Taborsky
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of BernWohlenstrasse 50a, CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - H Lisle Gibbs
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology (EEOB)Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH 43210-1293, USA
| | - Sigal Balshine
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, McMaster UniversityHamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
- Author for correspondence ()
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Dierkes P, Heg D, Taborsky M, Skubic E, Achmann R. Genetic relatedness in groups is sex‐specific and declines with age of helpers in a cooperatively breeding cichlid. Ecol Lett 2005; 8:968-975. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00801.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Dierkes
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Comparative Ethology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Dik Heg
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Michael Taborsky
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Comparative Ethology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Eva Skubic
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Comparative Ethology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Bern, Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Achmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Immuno‐, Cyto‐ and Molecular Genetic Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Mays HL, Hopper KR. Differential responses of yellow-breasted chats, Icteria virens, to male and female conspecific model presentations. Anim Behav 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2003.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hansen BT, Slagsvold T. Rival imprinting: interspecifically cross-fostered tits defend their territories against heterospecific intruders. Anim Behav 2003. [DOI: 10.1006/anbe.2003.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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