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Elsafy S, Metselaar J, Lammers T. Nanomedicine - Immune System Interactions: Limitations and Opportunities for the Treatment of Cancer. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 284:231-265. [PMID: 37578622 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles interact with immune cells in many different ways. These interactions are crucially important for determining nanoparticles' ability to be used for cancer therapy. Traditionally, strategies such as PEGylation have been employed to reduce (the kinetics of) nanoparticle uptake by immune cells, to endow them with long circulation properties, and to enable them to exploit the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect to accumulate in tumors. More recently, with immunotherapy becoming an increasingly important cornerstone in the clinical management of cancer, ever more research efforts in academia and industry are focusing on specifically targeting immune cells with nanoparticles. In this chapter, we describe the barriers and opportunities of immune cell targeting with nanoparticles, and we discuss how nanoparticle-based drug delivery to specific immune cell populations in tumors as well as in secondary myeloid and lymphoid organs (such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen) can be leveraged to boost the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Elsafy
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Josbert Metselaar
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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2
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Soliman M, Shanan N, Eissa G, Mizaikoff B, El Gohary NA. In vivo application of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer in rheumatoid arthritis rat model. J Drug Target 2023; 31:878-888. [PMID: 37566392 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2247584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) was synthesised and tested for an in vivo rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rat model. Magnetite coated with mesoporous silica (Fe2O3@mSi) was used as core for surface imprinting, dopamine was used as monomer and methotrexate (MTX) was loaded directly during polymerisation. The amount of MTX loaded on MMIPs reached 201.165 ± 0.315 µmol/g. Characterisation of the polymers was done via SEM, TEM, and FTIR. The pharmacological effect of the selected MMIP was evaluated in a Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis rat model where a 3D magnet bearing construct was designed for targeted delivery of MMIPs. The parameters evaluated were the change in paw edoema, paw diameter, gait score, and animal's weight. Results revealed a tendency of MMIP to significantly improve the measured parameters which was confirmed with histopathological findings. In conclusion, the improvement in the arthritic signs associated with MMIP treatment compared to free MTX, indicated successful targeting of MMIPs to the site of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Soliman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, The German International University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwan Shanan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal Eissa
- Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nesrine A El Gohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Fangary S, Abdel-Halim M, Fathalla RK, Hassan R, Farag N, Engel M, Mansour S, Tammam SN. Nanoparticle Fraught Liposomes: A Platform for Increased Antibiotic Selectivity in Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3163-3177. [PMID: 35876358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic concentrations within bacterial cells while reducing them in mammalian ones would ultimately result in an enhancement of antibacterial actions, overcoming multidrug resistance, all while minimizing toxicity. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been used in numerous occasions to overcome antibiotic resistance, poor drug solubility, and stability. However, the concomitant increase in antibiotic concentration in mammalian cells and the resultant toxicity are usually overlooked. Without compromising bacterial cell fusion, large liposomes (Lip) have been reported to show reduced uptake in mammalian cells. Therefore, in this work, small NP fraught liposomes (NP-Lip) were formulated with the aim of increasing NP uptake and antibiotic delivery in bacterial cells but not in mammalian ones. Small polylactic-co-glycolic acid NPs were therefore loaded with erythromycin (Er), an antibiotic with low membrane permeability that is susceptible to drug efflux, and 3c, a 5-cyanothiazolyl urea derivative with low solubility and stability. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the incorporation of small NPs into large Lip resulted in a reduction in NP uptake by HEK293 cells while increasing it in Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli DH5α, E. coli K12, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), consequently resulting in an enhancement of antibiotic selectivity by fourfold toward E. coli (both strains) and eightfold toward P. aeruginosa. Ocular administration of NP-Lip in a P. aeruginosa keratitis mouse model demonstrated the ability of Er/3c-loaded NP-Lip to result in a complete recovery. More importantly, in comparison to NPs, the ocular administration of NP-Lip showed a reduction in TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels, implying reduced interaction with mammalian cells in vivo. This work therefore clearly demonstrated how tailoring the nano-bio interaction could result in selective drug delivery and a reduction in toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Fangary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 24681, Egypt
| | - Reem K Fathalla
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Raghda Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Noha Farag
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy-Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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4
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Fahmy S, Nematallah KA, Mahdy NK, El-Askary HI, Meselhy MR, El-Said Azzazy HM. Enhanced Antioxidant, Antiviral, and Anticancer Activities of the Extract of Fermented Egyptian Rice Bran Complexed with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19545-19554. [PMID: 35721952 PMCID: PMC9202066 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Egyptian rice bran was fermented with baker's yeast, and released phenolics were extracted with aqueous methanol to give fermented rice bran extract (FRBE). The analysis of the FRBE with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry revealed 21 compounds, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids. The FRBE was then complexed with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) via noncovalent host-guest inclusion complexation using the thin-film hydration technique to improve the hydrophilicity and bioactivity of the FRBE. The formation of the inclusion complex was confirmed using HPLC, 1H NMR, FT-IR, and a phase solubility study. In addition, the biological activities of the complex were investigated. The FRBE/HPβCD inclusion complex had more pronounced antioxidant, antiviral, and anticancer activities compared to free FRBE. These findings warrant the future investigation of potential medical applications of FRBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif
Ashraf Fahmy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, PO. Box 74, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
- School
of Life and Medical Sciences, University
of Hertfordshire, Global Academic Foundation, R5 New Garden City, New
Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Nematallah
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Microbiology, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Noha Khalil Mahdy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, PO. Box 74, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hesham I. El-Askary
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Giza, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Meselhy Ragab Meselhy
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Giza, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, PO. Box 74, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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5
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Tzagiollari A, McCarthy HO, Levingstone TJ, Dunne NJ. Biodegradable and Biocompatible Adhesives for the Effective Stabilisation, Repair and Regeneration of Bone. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9060250. [PMID: 35735493 PMCID: PMC9219717 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects and complex fractures present significant challenges for orthopaedic surgeons. Current surgical procedures involve the reconstruction and mechanical stabilisation of complex fractures using metal hardware (i.e., wires, plates and screws). However, these procedures often result in poor healing. An injectable, biocompatible, biodegradable bone adhesive that could glue bone fragments back together would present a highly attractive solution. A bone adhesive that meets the many clinical requirements for such an application has yet to be developed. While synthetic and biological polymer-based adhesives (e.g., cyanoacrylates, PMMA, fibrin, etc.) have been used effectively as bone void fillers, these materials lack biomechanical integrity and demonstrate poor injectability, which limits the clinical effectiveness and potential for minimally invasive delivery. This systematic review summarises conventional approaches and recent developments in the area of bone adhesives for orthopaedic applications. The required properties for successful bone repair adhesives, which include suitable injectability, setting characteristics, mechanical properties, biocompatibility and an ability to promote new bone formation, are highlighted. Finally, the potential to achieve repair of challenging bone voids and fractures as well as the potential of new bioinspired adhesives and the future directions relating to their clinical development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antzela Tzagiollari
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (A.T.); (T.J.L.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tanya J. Levingstone
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (A.T.); (T.J.L.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue, Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicholas J. Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (A.T.); (T.J.L.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-(0)1-7005712
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6
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Ezzat AA, Tammam SN, Hanafi RS, Rashad O, Osama A, Abdelnaby E, Magdeldin S, Mansour S. Different Serum, Different Protein Corona! The Impact of the Serum Source on Cellular Targeting of Folic Acid-Modified Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1635-1646. [PMID: 35380849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The nanoparticle (NP) protein corona represents an interface between biological components and NPs, dictating their cellular interaction and biological fate. To assess the success of cellular targeting, NPs modified with targeting ligands are incubated with target cells in serum-free culture medium or in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). In the former, the role of the corona is overlooked, and in the latter, the effects of a corona that does not represent the one forming in humans nor the respective disease state are considered. Via proteomic analysis, we demonstrate how the difference in the composition of FBS, sera from healthy human volunteers, and breast cancer patients (BrCr Pt) results in the formation of completely different protein coronas around the same NP. Successful in vitro targeting of breast cancer cells was only observed when NPs were incubated with target cells in the presence of BrCr Pt sera only. In such cases, the success of targeting was not attributed to the targeting ligand itself, but to the adsorption of specific serum proteins that facilitate NP uptake by cancer cells in the presence of BrCr Pt sera. This work therefore demonstrates how the serum source affects the reliability of in vitro experiments assessing NP-cell interactions and the consequent success or failure of active targeting and may in fact indicate an additional reason for the limited clinical success of drug targeting by NPs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya A Ezzat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Hanafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar Rashad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Osama
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 11441 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Abdelnaby
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 11441 Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 11441 Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835 Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Al Obour, Egypt
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7
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Albaz AA, Rafeeq MM, Sain ZM, Almutairi WA, Alamri AS, Aloufi AH, Almalki WH, Tarique M. Nanotechnology-based approaches in the fight against SARS-CoV-2. AIMS Microbiol 2022; 7:368-398. [PMID: 35071938 PMCID: PMC8712532 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2021023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by highly-infectious virus namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in infection of millions of individuals and deaths across the world. The need of an hour is to find the innovative solution for diagnosis, prevention, and cure of the COVID-19 disease. Nanotechnology is emerging as one of the important tool for the same. In the present review we discuss the applications of nanotechnology-based approaches that are being implemented to speed up the development of diagnostic kits for SARS-CoV-2, development of personal protective equipments, and development of therapeutics of COVID-19 especially the vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alrayan Abass Albaz
- Molecular Medicine Genetics, Department of Oncology and Human Metabolism, the Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Misbahuddin M Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh. King Abdulaziz University. Jeddah, 21589, KSA
| | - Ziaullah M Sain
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh. King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA 21589
| | - Wael Abdullah Almutairi
- Department of Respiratory Services, Ministry of National Guard Hospital and Health Affairs (MNGHA) P.O. box 22490, kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Saeed Alamri
- Molecular Pathology Lab Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Hospital and Health Affairs (MNGHA), P.O. box 22490, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hamdan Aloufi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs P.O. box 22490, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Tarique
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
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8
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Fahmy SA, Mahdy NK, Al Mulla H, ElMeshad AN, Issa MY, Azzazy HMES. PLGA/PEG Nanoparticles Loaded with Cyclodextrin- Peganum harmala Alkaloid Complex and Ascorbic Acid with Promising Antimicrobial Activities. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:142. [PMID: 35057040 PMCID: PMC8780513 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drugs face numerous challenges, including drug resistance, systemic toxic effects, and poor bioavailability. To date, treatment choices are limited, which warrants the search for novel potent antivirals, including those extracted from natural products. The seeds of Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae family) have been reported to have antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. In the present study, a 2-hydroxy propyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD)/harmala alkaloid-rich fraction (HARF) host-guest complex was prepared using a thin-film hydration method to improve the water solubility and bioavailability of HARF. The designed complex was then co-encapsulated with ascorbic acid into PLGA nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol (HARF-HPßCD/AA@PLGA-PEG NPs) using the W/O/W multiple emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The average particle size, PDI, and zeta potential were 207.90 ± 2.60 nm, 0.17 ± 0.01, and 31.6 ± 0.20 mV, respectively. The entrapment efficiency for HARF was 81.60 ± 1.20% and for ascorbic acid was 88 ± 2.20%. HARF-HPßCD/AA@PLGA-PEG NPs had the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (MIC of 0.025 mg/mL). They also exhibited high selective antiviral activity against the H1N1 influenza virus (IC50 2.7 μg/mL) without affecting the host (MDCK cells). In conclusion, the co-encapsulation of HPCD-HARF complex and ascorbic acid into PLGA-PEG nanoparticles significantly increased the selective H1N1 killing activity with minimum host toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Ashraf Fahmy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt; (S.A.F.); (N.K.M.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Noha Khalil Mahdy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt; (S.A.F.); (N.K.M.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Hadeer Al Mulla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt; (S.A.F.); (N.K.M.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Aliaa Nabil ElMeshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, The Egyptian Chinese University, Gesr El Suez Street, Cairo 11786, Egypt
| | - Marwa Y. Issa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt; (S.A.F.); (N.K.M.); (H.A.M.)
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9
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Helmy LA, Abdel-Halim M, Hassan R, Sebak A, Farghali HAM, Mansour S, Tammam SN. The other side to the use of active targeting ligands; the case of folic acid in the targeting of breast cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 211:112289. [PMID: 34954516 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to its overexpression in cancer cells, the folate receptor (FR) is heavily exploited in the active targeting of nanoparticles (NPs). Its ligand, folic acid (FA) is as a consequence widely used as a NP targeting ligand. Although rather popular and successful in principle, recent data has shown that FA may result in breast cancer initiation and progression, which questions the suitability of FA as NP cancer targeting ligand. In this work, intravenous administration of free FA to healthy female mice resulted in breast tissue dysplasia, hyperplasia and in the increased expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), folate receptor (FR), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15.3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β. In addition to the reduction in IL2. To evaluate the suitability and safety of FA as NP targeting ligand in breast cancer, small (≈ 150 nm) and large (≈ 500 nm) chitosan NPs were formulated and decorated with two densities of FA. The success of active targeting by FA was confirmed in two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells) in comparison to HEK293 cells. FA modified NPs that demonstrated successful active targeting in-vitro were assessed in-vivo. Upon intravenous administration, large NPs modified with a high density of FA accumulated in the breast tissue and resulted in similar effects as those observed with free FA. These results therefore question the suitability of FA as a targeting ligand in breast cancer and shed light on the importance of considering the activity (other than targeting) of the ligands used in NP active targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama A Helmy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raghda Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Sebak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haithem A M Farghali
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy- Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Egypt.
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10
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Tammam SN, El Safy S, Ramadan S, Arjune S, Krakor E, Mathur S. Repurpose but also (nano)-reformulate! The potential role of nanomedicine in the battle against SARS-CoV2. J Control Release 2021; 337:258-284. [PMID: 34293319 PMCID: PMC8289726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has taken the world by surprise. To date, a worldwide approved treatment remains lacking and hence in the context of rapid viral spread and the growing need for rapid action, drug repurposing has emerged as one of the frontline strategies in the battle against SARS-CoV2. Repurposed drugs currently being evaluated against COVID-19 either tackle the replication and spread of SARS-CoV2 or they aim at controlling hyper-inflammation and the rampaged immune response in severe disease. In both cases, the target for such drugs resides in the lungs, at least during the period where treatment could still provide substantial clinical benefit to the patient. Yet, most of these drugs are administered systemically, questioning the percentage of administered drug that actually reaches the lung and as a consequence, the distribution of the remainder of the dose to off target sites. Inhalation therapy should allow higher concentrations of the drug in the lungs and lower concentrations systemically, hence providing a stronger, more localized action, with reduced adverse effects. Therefore, the nano-reformulation of the repurposed drugs for inhalation is a promising approach for targeted drug delivery to lungs. In this review, we critically analyze, what nanomedicine could and ought to do in the battle against SARS-CoV2. We start by a brief description of SARS-CoV2 structure and pathogenicity and move on to discuss the current limitations of repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating drugs that are being clinically investigated against COVID-19. This account focuses on how nanomedicine could address limitations of current therapeutics, enhancing the efficacy, specificity and safety of such drugs. With the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV2 and the potential implication on the efficacy of vaccines and diagnostics, the presence of an effective therapeutic solution is inevitable and could be potentially achieved via nano-reformulation. The presence of an inhaled nano-platform capable of delivering antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs should be available as part of the repertoire in the fight against current and future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma N. Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt,Corresponding author
| | - Sara El Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sita Arjune
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Krakor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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11
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PLGA Based Nanospheres as a Potent Macrophage-Specific Drug Delivery System. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030749. [PMID: 33809764 PMCID: PMC8002218 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages possess an innate ability to scavenge heterogenous objects from the systemic circulation and to regulate inflammatory diseases in various organs via cytokine production. That makes them attractive targets for nanomedicine-based therapeutic approaches to inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we have prepared several different poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer nanospheres for macrophage-targeted drug delivery using both nanoprecipitation and emulsification solvent evaporation methods. Two experimental linear PLGA polymers with relatively low molar weight, one experimental branched PLGA with unique star-like molecular architecture, and a commercially available PLGA, were used for nanosphere formulation and compared to their macrophage uptake capacity. The nanosphere formulations labelled with loaded fluorescent dye Rhodamine B were further tested in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and in hepatocyte cell lines AML-12, HepG2. We found that nanospheres larger than 100 nm prepared using nanoprecipitation significantly enhanced distribution of fluorescent dye selectively into macrophages. No effects of nanospheres on cellular viability were observed. Additionally, no significant proinflammatory effect after macrophage exposure to nanospheres was detected as assessed by a determination of proinflammatory cytokines Il-1β and Tnfα mRNA. All experimental PLGA nanoformulations surpassed the nanospheres obtained with the commercially available polymer taken as a control in their capacity as macrophage-specific carriers.
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12
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Azzam M, El Safy S, Abdelgelil SA, Weiskirchen R, Asimakopoulou A, de Lorenzi F, Lammers T, Mansour S, Tammam S. Targeting Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells Using Collagen-Binding Chitosan Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery to Fibrotic Livers. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E590. [PMID: 32630415 PMCID: PMC7356502 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) are the main orchestrators of the fibrotic cascade in inflamed livers, with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) being the most potent pro-fibrotic cytokine. Hence, aHSCs serve as interesting therapeutic targets. However, drug delivery to aHSCs is hindered by excessive collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and capillarization of liver sinusoids. Chitosan-nanoparticles (CS-NPs) show intrinsic affinity for collagen, holding potential for drug delivery to fibrotic livers. Here, we employed CS-NPs for anti-TGF-β siRNA delivery, promoting delivery into aHSCs via modification with platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta binding peptides. In-vitro experiments using aHSCs demonstrated the association of unmodified CS-NPs to the collagen-rich ECM, with reduced intracellular accumulation. Peptide-modified CS-NPs showed a higher propensity to localize intracellularly; however, this was only the case upon ECM-collagen reduction via collagenase treatment. Peptide-modified CS-NPs were more potent than unmodified CS-NPs in reducing TGF-β expression, implying that while collagen binding promotes liver accumulation, it hinders cell-specific siRNA delivery. In-vivo, CS-NPs successfully accumulated in fibrotic livers via collagen binding. Similar to in-vitro findings, when mice were pretreated with collagenase-loaded CS-NPs, the accumulation of peptide-modified NPs increased. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of NPs modification with targeting ligands and collagenase treatment for aHSCs targeting and highlight the importance of chitosan-collagen binding in drug delivery to fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menna Azzam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (M.A.); (S.E.S.); (S.A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sara El Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (M.A.); (S.E.S.); (S.A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sarah A. Abdelgelil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (M.A.); (S.E.S.); (S.A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Anastasia Asimakopoulou
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Federica de Lorenzi
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (F.d.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (F.d.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (M.A.); (S.E.S.); (S.A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Salma Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt; (M.A.); (S.E.S.); (S.A.A.); (S.M.)
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13
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Shetab Boushehri MA, Dietrich D, Lamprecht A. Nanotechnology as a Platform for the Development of Injectable Parenteral Formulations: A Comprehensive Review of the Know-Hows and State of the Art. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060510. [PMID: 32503171 PMCID: PMC7356945 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Within recent decades, the development of nanotechnology has made a significant contribution to the progress of various fields of study, including the domains of medical and pharmaceutical sciences. A substantially transformed arena within the context of the latter is the development and production of various injectable parenteral formulations. Indeed, recent decades have witnessed a rapid growth of the marketed and pipeline nanotechnology-based injectable products, which is a testimony to the remarkability of the aforementioned contribution. Adjunct to the ability of nanomaterials to deliver the incorporated payloads to many different targets of interest, nanotechnology has substantially assisted to the development of many further facets of the art. Such contributions include the enhancement of the drug solubility, development of long-acting locally and systemically injectable formulations, tuning the onset of the drug’s release through the endowment of sensitivity to various internal or external stimuli, as well as adjuvancy and immune activation, which is a desirable component for injectable vaccines and immunotherapeutic formulations. The current work seeks to provide a comprehensive review of all the abovementioned contributions, along with the most recent advances made within each domain. Furthermore, recent developments within the domains of passive and active targeting will be briefly debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam A. Shetab Boushehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-228-736428; Fax: +49-228-735268
| | - Dirk Dietrich
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Clinic of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany;
- PEPITE EA4267, Institute of Pharmacy, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
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14
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El-Safy S, Tammam SN, Abdel-Halim M, Ali ME, Youshia J, Shetab Boushehri MA, Lamprecht A, Mansour S. Collagenase loaded chitosan nanoparticles for digestion of the collagenous scar in liver fibrosis: The effect of chitosan intrinsic collagen binding on the success of targeting. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 148:54-66. [PMID: 31945489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A variety of hepatic insults result in the accumulation of collagen-rich new extracellular matrix in the liver, ultimately culminating in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. For such reasons, approaches looking into digestion of the collagen-rich extracellular matrix present an interesting therapeutic approach for cases of chronic liver disease, where the fibrotic scar is well established. Portal collagenase administration has recently led to the successful reversion of cirrhosis in an experimental rabbit model. Notwithstanding, the question of how such a sensitive therapeutic macromolecule could be administered in a less invasive manner, and in a way that preserves its functionality and avoids digestion of other non-hepatic vital collagen presents itself. Chitosan is a biodegradable polymer that has been reported to interact and bind to collagen. Chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) have also been reported to encapsulate therapeutic proteins, maintaining their functional form and protecting them from in-vivo degradation. For such reasons, CS NPs were loaded with collagenase and evaluated in-vitro and in-vivo for their ability to target and digest collagen. CS NPs were able to encapsulate collagenase (≈ 60% encapsulation efficiency) and release its content in active form. To determine whether chitosan's collagen interaction would enable NP collagen binding or whether the modification with collagen binding peptides (CBPs) is necessary, CS NPs were modified with the CBP; CCQDSETRTFY. Since the density of targeting ligand and the length of tether play a significant role in the success of active targeting, the surface of NPs was modified with different densities of the CBP either directly or using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer. PEGylated NPs showed higher levels of CBP tagging; high, intermediate and low density of CBPs corresponded to 585.8 ± 33, 252.9 ± 25.3 and 56.5 ± 8.8 µg/mL for PEGylated NPs and 425.56 ± 12.67, 107.91 ± 10.3 and 49.86 ± 3.2 µg/mL for unPEGylated NPs, respectively. In-vitro collagen binding experiments showed that unmodified CS NPs were able to bind collagen and that modification with CBPs either directly or via PEG did not enhance collagen binding. In-vivo experiments demonstrated that unmodified CS NPs were able to reverse fibrosis with a survival rate of 100% at the end of the study, indicating the ability of CS NPs to deliver functional collagenase to the fibrotic liver and making the use of CBPs unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara El-Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Ali
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - John Youshia
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Alf Lamprecht
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany; PEPITE EA4267, Univ. Bourgonge Franch-Comte, Besançon, France
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Nanomaterials for direct and indirect immunomodulation: A review of applications. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 142:105139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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The long-term delivery of proteins and peptides using micro/nanoparticles: overview and perspectives. Ther Deliv 2019; 10:269-272. [PMID: 31094301 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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17
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Prevention of hepatic stellate cell activation using JQ1- and atorvastatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as a promising approach in therapy of liver fibrosis. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 134:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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18
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Sericin/RBA embedded gellan gum based smart nanosystem for pH responsive drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1561-1571. [PMID: 30261261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides protein complex offers a green alternative to synthetic polymers in the drug delivery system. Sericin (SC), a natural protein, in combination with rice bran albumin (RBA) and gellan gum (GG) forms a green based protein polysaccharide complex. The sericin functionalized gellan gum-rice bran (SC-GG-RBA) nanocomposites were characterized by different characterization techniques. It shows their prominent ability in balancing the biocompatibility, stability, biodegradability, and functionality of nanocarriers. The nanocomposites exhibited spherical shape with core protein-polysaccharide structures, and the average size was about 218 nm. High amount of Doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated into SC-GG-RBA nanocomposites in order to investigate the effective drug release in acidic tumor environment. DOX of 84% was released in vitro condition after 120 h in pH 4.0. DOX loaded green nanocomposites shows IC50 5 μg/mL which was very low compared to free DOX of 9 μg/mL after treatment with MCF-7 cells. Only 42% of cells were survived after treatment with green nanocomposites. This was due to the effective uptake of nanomaterial by cancer cells and direct release of DOX in cytoplasmic region. Such high performance green nanocomposites have great potential in expanding the utilization of biomaterial from natural resources and development of sensible application in biomedical field.
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19
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Increased Body Exposure to New Anti-Trypanosomal Through Nanoencapsulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8429. [PMID: 28814794 PMCID: PMC5559493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lychnopholide, a lipophilic sesquiterpene lactone, is efficacious in mice at the acute and chronic phases of Chagas disease. Conventional poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and long-circulating poly(D,L-lactide)-block-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) nanocapsules containing lychnopholide were developed and characterized. Lychnopholide presented high association efficiency (>90%) with the nanocapsules. A new, fast and simple HPLC-UV-based bioanalytical method was developed, validated in mouse plasma and applied to lychnopholide quantification in in vitro release kinetics and pharmacokinetics. The nanocapsules had mean hydrodynamic diameters in the range of 100-250 nm, negative zeta potentials (-30 mV to -57 mV), with good physical stability under storage. Atomic force microscopy morphological analysis revealed spherical monodispersed particles and the absence of lychnopholide crystallization or aggregation. Association of lychnopholide to PLA-PEG nanocapsules resulted in a 16-fold increase in body exposure, a 26-fold increase in plasma half-life and a dramatic reduction of the lychnopholide plasma clearance (17-fold) in comparison with free lychnopholide. The improved pharmacokinetic profile of lychnopholide in long-circulating nanocapsules is in agreement with the previously reported improved efficacy observed in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice. The present lychnopholide intravenous dosage form showed great potential for further pre-clinical and clinical studies in Chagas disease and cancer therapies.
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20
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Singh MS, Tammam SN, Shetab Boushehri MA, Lamprecht A. MDR in cancer: Addressing the underlying cellular alterations with the use of nanocarriers. Pharmacol Res 2017; 126:2-30. [PMID: 28760489 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with a wide range of pathological changes at different cellular and intracellular levels. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively exploited as the carriers of MDR reversing payloads to resistant tumor cells. However, when properly formulated in terms of chemical composition and physicochemical properties, NPs can serve as beyond delivery systems and help overcome MDR even without carrying a load of chemosensitizers or MDR reversing molecular cargos. Whether serving as drug carriers or beyond, a wise design of the nanoparticulate systems to overcome the cellular and intracellular alterations underlying the resistance is imperative. Within the current review, we will initially discuss the cellular changes occurring in resistant cells and how such changes lead to chemotherapy failure and cancer cell survival. We will then focus on different mechanisms through which nanosystems with appropriate chemical composition and physicochemical properties can serve as MDR reversing units at different cellular and intracellular levels according to the changes that underlie the resistance. Finally, we will conclude by discussing logical grounds for a wise and rational design of MDR reversing nanoparticulate systems to improve the cancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu S Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmceutics, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmceutics, University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University of Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmceutics, University of Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering (EA4267), University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
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21
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Wei Y, Luo X, Guan J, Ma J, Zhong Y, Luo J, Li F. Biodegradable nanoparticles for improved kidney bioavailability of rhein: preparation, characterization, plasma, and kidney pharmacokinetics. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1885-1891. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1353519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Guan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicong Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanzhu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Tammam SN, Azzazy HM, Lamprecht A. The effect of nanoparticle size and NLS density on nuclear targeting in cancer and normal cells; impaired nuclear import and aberrant nanoparticle intracellular trafficking in glioma. J Control Release 2017; 253:30-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Chitosan gold nanoparticles for detection of amplified nucleic acids isolated from sputum. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 164:57-63. [PMID: 28325344 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Hami Z, Rezayat SM, Gilani K, Amini M, Ghazi-Khansari M. In-vitro cytotoxicity and combination effects of the docetaxel-conjugated and doxorubicin-conjugated poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-folate-based polymeric micelles in human ovarian cancer cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:151-160. [PMID: 28044342 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The pH-sensitive doxorubicin (DOX)-conjugated and docetaxel (DTX)-conjugated poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-folate (PLA-PEG-FOL)-based polymeric micelles were developed and characterized in this study. KEY FINDINGS The drugs were released from the micelles (particle size, ~185 nm) in a pH-dependent manner. The drug-conjugated PLA-PEG-FOL micelles showed higher cellular uptake than nontargeting ones. Single agent and combination in-vitro cytotoxicity studies were also performed using the two drugs in both free and their micellar forms in SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells using three different cytotoxicity assays. Like the free drugs, DOX-conjugated and DTX-conjugated targeting micelles showed significant cytotoxic effects in SKOV3 cell line. Moreover, the drug-conjugated targeting micelles improved cytotoxicity compared to the FOL-free ones. Different ratios of IC50 of free drugs were used for combination therapy, and synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects were evaluated. The synergistic effect was observed in specific DOX : DTX mixing ratios, which result in the increase in therapeutic efficacy using low doses of each test compound without formulation related side effects. CONCLUSIONS The prepared micelles may provide appropriate delivery systems for doxorubicin and docetaxel in both single and combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hami
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilani
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Design & Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Increased Active Tumor Targeting by An αvβ3-Targeting and Cell-Penetrating Bifunctional Peptide-Mediated Dendrimer-Based Conjugate. Pharm Res 2016; 34:121-135. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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26
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Polymer Nanoparticles for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Nitric Oxide Photorelease and Chemotherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31671-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Lorscheidt S, Lamprecht A. Safety assessment of nanoparticles for drug delivery by means of classic in vitro assays and beyond. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1545-1558. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1198773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Lorscheidt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- FDE (EA4267), University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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28
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Abbas Y, Azzazy HME, Tammam S, Lamprecht A, Ali ME, Schmidt A, Sollazzo S, Mathur S. Development of an inhalable, stimuli-responsive particulate system for delivery to deep lung tissue. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 146:19-30. [PMID: 27244047 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer, the deadliest solid tumor among all types of cancer, remains difficult to treat. This is a result of unavoidable exposure to carcinogens, poor diagnosis, the lack of targeted drug delivery platforms and limitations associated with delivery of drug to deep lung tissues. Development of a non-invasive, patient-convenient formula for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics to cancer in deep lung tissue is the aim of this study. The formulation consisted of inhalable polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/maltodextrin (MD)-based microparticles (MPs) encapsulating chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with either drug only or drug and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Drug release from CS NPs was enhanced with the aid of MNPs by a factor of 1.7 in response to external magnetic field. Preferential toxicity by CS NPs was shown towards tumor cells (A549) in comparison to cultured fibroblasts (L929). The prepared spray freeze dried (SFD) powders for CS NPs and CS MNPs were of the same size at ∼6μm. They had a fine particle fraction (FPF≤5.2μm) of 40-42% w/w and mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 5-6μm as determined by the Next Generation Impactor (NGI). SFD-MPs of CS MNPs possess higher MMAD due to the high density associated with encapsulated MNPs. The developed formulation demonstrates several capabilities including tissue targeting, controlled drug release, and the possible imaging and diagnostic values (due to its MNPs content) and therefore represents an improved therapeutic platform for drug delivery to cancer in deep lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan M E Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salma Tammam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Mohamed Ehab Ali
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Annette Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Silvio Sollazzo
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Tammam SN, Azzazy HME, Lamprecht A. How successful is nuclear targeting by nanocarriers? J Control Release 2016; 229:140-153. [PMID: 26995759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus is ultimately the final target for many therapeutics treating various disorders including cancers, heart dysfunction and brain disorders. Owing to their specialized cell uptake and trafficking mechanisms, nanoparticles (NPs) allow drug targeting where degradation sensitive therapeutics could be delivered to their target tissues and cell in active form and sufficient concentration. However, it has recently become increasingly obvious that cytosolic internalization of a drug molecule does not entail its interaction with its subcellular target and hence careful nanoparticle design and optimization is required to enable nuclear targeting. This review, discusses the barriers to NP nuclear delivery; crossing the cell membrane, endo/lysosomal escape, cytoplasmic trafficking and finally nuclear entry focusing on how NP synthesis and modification could allow for bypassing each of the aforementioned barriers and successfully reaching the nucleus. Examples of nuclear targeted NPs are also discussed, stressing on the critical aspects of nuclear targeting and pointing out how the disease state might change the normal NP path and how such change could be exploited to increase efficiency of nuclear targeting. Finally, the criteria set for the evaluation of nanocarriers for nuclear delivery are discussed highlighting that quantitative rather than qualitative evaluation is required to evaluate how successful nanocarriers for nuclear delivery are, particularly with regards to the amount of drug delivered and released in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma N Tammam
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, 53121, Germany; Department of Chemistry, The American University in Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Hassan M E Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, The American University in Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, 53121, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon 25000, France
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Fang YP, Chuang CH, Wu PC, Huang YB, Tzeng CC, Chen YL, Liu YT, Tsai YH, Tsai MJ. Amsacrine analog-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle to resolve insolubility for injection delivery: characterization and pharmacokinetics. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:1019-28. [PMID: 27019595 PMCID: PMC4786061 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s97161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amsacrine analog is a novel chemotherapeutic agent that provides potentially broad antitumor activity when compared to traditional amsacrine. However, the major limitation of amsacrine analog is that it is highly lipophilic, making it nonconductive to intravenous administration. The aim of this study was to utilize solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) to resolve the delivery problem and to investigate the biodistribution of amsacrine analog-loaded SLN. Physicochemical characterizations of SLN, including particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and stability, were evaluated. In vitro release behavior was also measured by the dialysis method. In vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution behavior of amsacrine analog were investigated and incorporated with a non invasion in vivo imaging system to confirm the localization of SLN. The results showed that amsacrine analog-loaded SLN was 36.7 nm in particle size, 0.37 in polydispersity index, and 34.5±0.047 mV in zeta potential. More than 99% of amsacrine analog was successfully entrapped in the SLN. There were no significant differences in the physicochemical properties after storage at room temperature (25°C) for 1 month. Amsacrine analog-loaded SLN maintained good stability. An in vitro release study showed that amsacrine analog-loaded SLN sustained a release pattern and followed the zero equation. An in vivo pharmacokinetics study showed that amsacrine analog was rapidly distributed from the central compartment to the tissue compartments after intravenous delivery of amsacrine analog-loaded SLN. The biodistribution behavior demonstrated that amsacrine analog mainly accumulated in the lungs. Noninvasion in vivo imaging system images also confirmed that the drug distribution was predominantly localized in the lungs when IR-780-loaded SLN was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Fang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chuang
- Department of Biomedical and Environment Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Bin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cherng-Chyi Tzeng
- School of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Long Chen
- School of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jun Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Medical College, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, China Medical University An-Nan Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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31
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Ross KA, Brenza TM, Binnebose AM, Phanse Y, Kanthasamy AG, Gendelman HE, Salem AK, Bartholomay LC, Bellaire BH, Narasimhan B. Nano-enabled delivery of diverse payloads across complex biological barriers. J Control Release 2015; 219:548-559. [PMID: 26315817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Complex biological barriers are major obstacles for preventing and treating disease. Nanocarriers are designed to overcome such obstacles by enhancing drug delivery through physiochemical barriers and improving therapeutic indices. This review critically examines both biological barriers and nanocarrier payloads for a variety of drug delivery applications. A spectrum of nanocarriers is discussed that have been successfully developed for improving tissue penetration for preventing or treating a range of infectious, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Ross
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 2114 Sweeney Hall, Ames 50011, USA
| | - Timothy M Brenza
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 2114 Sweeney Hall, Ames 50011, USA
| | - Andrea M Binnebose
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 2180 Vet Med, Ames 50011, USA
| | - Yashdeep Phanse
- Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1656 Linden Dr., Madison 53706, USA
| | | | - Howard E Gendelman
- Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985880 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Avenue, Iowa City 52242, USA
| | - Lyric C Bartholomay
- Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1656 Linden Dr., Madison 53706, USA
| | - Bryan H Bellaire
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 2180 Vet Med, Ames 50011, USA
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 2114 Sweeney Hall, Ames 50011, USA.
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