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Huang Z, Tu X, Yu T, Zhan Z, Lin Q, Huang X. Peritumoural MRI radiomics signature of brain metastases can predict epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e305-e316. [PMID: 38000953 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics features of brain metastases (BMs) can predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between June 2014 and December 2022, 58 histopathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma patients (27 with EGFR wild-type, 31 with EGFR mutation) who underwent gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced brain MRI were recruited retrospectively. A total of 123 metastatic brain lesions were allocated randomly into the training cohort (n=86) and test cohort (n=37) at a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics models based on multi-sequence MRI images in different regions such as volume of interest (VOI)enhancing tumour, VOIwholetumour, VOIperitumour 1mm, VOIperitumour 3mm, and VOIperitumour 5mm were built. The optimal radiomics model was integrated into the clinical or radiological indicators to construct a fusion model through multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The optimal radiomics model based on the VOIperitumour 1mm, a combination of nine features selected from the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence, yielded areas under the curves (AUCs) of >0.75 in the training and test cohorts. The prediction of the fusion model with integration of clinical factors (age) and radiomics score (the optimal radiomics model) was not better than that of the optimal radiomics model alone in the test cohort (AUC: 0.808 and 0.785, respectively, p=0.525). CONCLUSION The FLAIR radiomics model based on VOIperitumour 1mm as an effective biomarker helps predict EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma patients with BMs and then assists clinicians in selecting optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Huang
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China.
| | - X Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - T Yu
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Z Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
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Zhang Y, Fu F, Zhang Q, Li L, Liu H, Deng C, Xue Q, Zhao Y, Sun W, Han H, Gao Z, Guo C, Zheng Q, Hu H, Sun Y, Li Y, Ding C, Chen H. Evolutionary proteogenomic landscape from pre-invasive to invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101358. [PMID: 38183982 PMCID: PMC10829798 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma follows a stepwise progression from pre-invasive to invasive. However, there remains a knowledge gap regarding molecular events from pre-invasive to invasive. Here, we conduct a comprehensive proteogenomic analysis comprising whole-exon sequencing, RNA sequencing, and proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling on 98 pre-invasive and 99 invasive lung adenocarcinomas. The deletion of chr4q12 contributes to the progression from pre-invasive to invasive adenocarcinoma by downregulating SPATA18, thus suppressing mitophagy and promoting cell invasion. Proteomics reveals diverse enriched pathways in normal lung tissues and pre-invasive and invasive adenocarcinoma. Proteomic analyses identify three proteomic subtypes, which represent different stages of tumor progression. We also illustrate the molecular characterization of four immune clusters, including endothelial cells, B cells, DCs, and immune depression subtype. In conclusion, this comprehensive proteogenomic study characterizes the molecular architecture and hallmarks from pre-invasive to invasive lung adenocarcinoma, guiding the way to a deeper understanding of the tumorigenesis and progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Fangqiu Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Qiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Pulmonary Fibrosis (111 Project), College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Chaoqiang Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenrui Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Han Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhendong Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Zheng C, Huang J, Xu G, Li W, Weng X, Zhang S. The Notch signaling pathway in desmoid tumor: Recent advances and the therapeutic prospects. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166907. [PMID: 37793461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare fibroblastic soft-tissue neoplasm that is characterized by local aggressiveness but no metastatic potential. Although the prognosis is relatively favorable, the unpredictable disease course and infiltrative growth lead to significant impairments and morbidity. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been well-established in the pathogenesis of sporadic DT and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Gardners syndrome-associated DT, suggesting therapy targeting this pathway is an appealing treatment strategy. However, agents against this pathway are currently in their preliminary stages and have not yet been implemented in clinical practice. Increasing studies demonstrate activation of the Notch pathway is closely associated with the development and progression of DT, which provides a potential alternative therapeutic target against DT. Early-stage clinical trials and preclinical models have indicated that inhibition of Notch pathway might be a promising treatment approach for DT. The Notch signaling activation is mainly dependent on the activity of the γ-secretase enzyme, which is responsible for cleaving the Notch intracellular domain and facilitating its nuclear translocation to promote gene transcription. Two γ-secretase inhibitors called nirogacestat and AL102 are currently under extensive investigation in the advanced stage of clinical development. The updated findings from the phase III randomized controlled trial (DeFi trial) demonstrated that nirogacestat exerts significant benefits in terms of disease control and symptom resolution in patients with progressive DT. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the present understanding of Notch signaling in the pathogenesis of DT, with a particular emphasis on the prospective therapeutic application of γ-secretase inhibitors in the management of DT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Zheng
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Jianghong Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xin Weng
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Shiquan Zhang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China.
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4
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Osoegawa A, Karashima T, Takumi Y, Sato T, Abe M, Hashimoto T, Sugio K. Osimertinib as first-line treatment for recurrent lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:5566-5573. [PMID: 37969303 PMCID: PMC10636461 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Although osimertinib was approved as adjuvant therapy for lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation in various countries, there is still some ongoing debate as osimertinib has been approved based on disease-free survival (DFS) rather than overall survival (OS). We curated a case series in which we documented patterns of recurrence and efficacy and safety of osimertinib after recurrence. Methods Patients who received osimertinib as first-line treatment for postoperative recurrence between September 2018 and January 2023 were included. Clinicopathological factors, duration of osimertinib treatment (DoT), and adverse events were collected and analyzed. Results Twenty patients received osimertinib [male, n=6; median age, 75 years (range, 55-85 years)]. The EGFR mutation type was L858R in 11 patients and exon 19 deletion in eight patients. The performance status (PS) was 0 or 1 in all but two patients, who had symptomatic brain metastasis and were therefore PS 3. The first site of postoperative recurrence was locoregional in five patients and distant in 15 patients, including seven with brain metastasis. As of February 2023, 10 patients were still on osimertinib, including three with brain metastasis. Patients with brain metastasis or poor PS had a considerably shorter DoT than their counterparts. Three patients with symptomatic brain metastasis or leptomeningeal metastasis initially responded to osimertinib, but all died of disease progression. Five patients discontinued osimertinib due to serious adverse effects (pneumonitis, drug eruption, and heart failure). Conclusions Although osimertinib exerts great disease control, even in patients with brain metastasis or poor PS, their presence was associated with a poor prognosis, even with osimertinib treatment. Therefore, adjuvant osimertinib is recommended unless contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Osoegawa
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takashi Karashima
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Yohei Takumi
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Miyuki Abe
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hashimoto
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugio
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
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Blaquier JB, Ortiz-Cuaran S, Ricciuti B, Mezquita L, Cardona AF, Recondo G. Tackling Osimertinib Resistance in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3579-3591. [PMID: 37093192 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The current landscape of targeted therapies directed against oncogenic driver alterations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is expanding. Patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC can derive significant benefit from EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, including the third-generation EGFR TKI osimertinib. However, invariably, all patients will experience disease progression with this therapy mainly due to the adaptation of cancer cells through primary or secondary molecular mechanisms of resistance. The comprehension and access to tissue and cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing have fueled the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to prevent and overcome resistance to osimertinib in the clinical setting. Herein, we review the biological and clinical implications of molecular mechanisms of osimertinib resistance and the ongoing development of therapeutic strategies to overcome or prevent resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bautista Blaquier
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Medical Oncology, Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Ortiz-Cuaran
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Felipe Cardona
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research-FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad el Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
- Direction of Research and Education, Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo Cancer Treatment and Research Cancer-CTIC, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gonzalo Recondo
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Medical Oncology, Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Medical Oncology Department, Bradford Hill Clinical Research Center, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Zhou N, Choi J, Grothusen G, Kim BJ, Ren D, Cao Z, Liu Y, Li Q, Inamdar A, Beer T, Tang HY, Perkey E, Maillard I, Bonasio R, Shi J, Ruella M, Wan L, Busino L. DLBCL-associated NOTCH2 mutations escape ubiquitin-dependent degradation and promote chemoresistance. Blood 2023; 142:973-988. [PMID: 37235754 PMCID: PMC10656726 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Up to 40% of patients with DLBCL display refractory disease or relapse after standard chemotherapy treatment (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone [R-CHOP]), leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance in DLBCL remain incompletely understood. Using a cullin-really interesting new gene (RING) ligase-based CRISPR-Cas9 library, we identify that inactivation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase KLHL6 promotes DLBCL chemoresistance. Furthermore, proteomic approaches helped identify KLHL6 as a novel master regulator of plasma membrane-associated NOTCH2 via proteasome-dependent degradation. In CHOP-resistant DLBCL tumors, mutations of NOTCH2 result in a protein that escapes the mechanism of ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, leading to protein stabilization and activation of the oncogenic RAS signaling pathway. Targeting CHOP-resistant DLBCL tumors with the phase 3 clinical trial molecules nirogacestat, a selective γ-secretase inhibitor, and ipatasertib, a pan-AKT inhibitor, synergistically promotes DLBCL destruction. These findings establish the rationale for therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting the oncogenic pathway activated in KLHL6- or NOTCH2-mutated DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhou
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Grant Grothusen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Bang-Jin Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Diqiu Ren
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zhendong Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yiman Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Qinglan Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Arati Inamdar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas Beer
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eric Perkey
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Roberto Bonasio
- Epigenetics Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marco Ruella
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Liling Wan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Luca Busino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Hirata Y, Noorani A, Song S, Wang L, Ajani JA. Early stage gastric adenocarcinoma: clinical and molecular landscapes. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:453-469. [PMID: 37264184 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma, even when diagnosed at an early (localized) disease stage, poses a major health-care burden with cure rates that remain unsatisfactorily low, particularly in Western countries. This lack of progress reflects, among other aspects, the impracticality of early diagnosis, considerable variations in therapeutic approaches that is partly based on regional preferences, and the ingrained heterogeneity of gastric adenocarcinoma cells and their associated tumour microenvironment (TME). Clinical trials have long applied empirical interventions with the assumption that all early stage gastric adenocarcinomas are alike. Despite certain successes, the shortcomings of these approaches can potentially be overcome by targeting the specific molecular subsets of gastric adenocarcinomas identified by genomic and/or multi-omics analyses, including microsatellite instability-high, Epstein-Barr virus-induced, DNA damage repair-deficient, HER2-positive and PD-L1-high subtypes. Future approaches, including the availability of sophisticated vaccines, novel antibody technologies, agents targeting TME components (including fibroblasts, macrophages, cytokines or chemokines, and T cells) and novel immune checkpoint inhibitors, supported by improved tissue-based and blood-based diagnostic assays, seem promising. In this Review, we highlight current knowledge of the molecular and cellular biology of gastric adenocarcinomas, summarize the current approaches to clinical management of the disease, and consider the role of novel management and/or treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayesha Noorani
- Cancer Ageing and Somatic Mutation Group, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Cambridge Oesophago-gastric Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linghua Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Shen Y, Zhang R, Li X. Identification of eIF6 as a prognostic factor that drives tumor progression and predicts arsenic trioxide efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1167-1180. [PMID: 36435920 PMCID: PMC9889454 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07917-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Dysregulation of mRNA translation can contribute to the development and progression of cancer whilst also having an impact on the prognosis of different types of malignancies. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) have been reported to serve a key role in the initiation of mRNA translation. However, little was known about the association between eIF6 and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. We aimed to elucidate the roles of eIF6 in LUAD tumorigenesis. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to assess the clinical significance of eIF6 in LUAD. CCK-8, colony formation assays were used to evaluate the biological roles of eIF6. The subcutaneous model was used to assess the in vivo roles of eIF6. RESULTS In the present study, it was found that eIF6 expression was significantly higher in LUAD samples compared with that in normal lung tissues. Higher expression levels of eIF6 were found to be associated with more advanced clinical stages of LUAD and poorer prognoses in patients with LUAD. Subsequently, overexpression of eIF6 was demonstrated to promote LUAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which are features of metastasis, in vitro. By contrast, inhibition of eIF6 induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in LUAD cells. Further bioinformatics analysis and experimental assays revealed that eIF6 expression positively correlated with the mRNA expression of stemness-associated genes in LUAD cells. Targeting eIF6 suppressed the sphere formation capacity of LUAD cells. In addition, data from the subcutaneous xenograft model in vivo also suggested that eIF6 deficiency could significantly delay tumor growth and improve the prognosis of mice. Targeting eIF6 rendered LUAD cells sensitive to arsenic trioxide treatment. CONCLUSION The present study suggest that eIF6 can serve as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000 Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu P.R. China
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9
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Mahmoud HA, Oteify W, Elkhayat H, Zaher AM, Mohran TZ, Mekkawy N. Volumetric parameters of the primary tumor and whole-body tumor burden derived from baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT can predict overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients: initial results from a single institution. Eur J Hybrid Imaging 2022; 6:37. [PMID: 36575330 PMCID: PMC9794406 DOI: 10.1186/s41824-022-00158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) are volumetric parameters derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT, suggested to have a prognostic value in cancer patients. Our study aimed to test whether these volumetric parameters of the primary tumor and whole-body tumor burden (WBTB) can predict overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty biopsy-proven NSCLC patients who had not begun anti-tumor therapy were included in this prospective study. A baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT study was acquired. Scans were interpreted visually and semi-quantitatively by drawing a 3D volume of interest (VOI) over the primary tumor and all positive lesions to calculate metabolic, volumetric parameters, and WBTB. The PET parameters were used to stratify patients into high- and low-risk categories. The overall survival was estimated from the date of scanning until the date of death or last follow-up. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 22.73 months, the mean OS was shorter among patients with higher tu MTV and tu TLG and high WBTB. High WB TLG was independently associated with the risk of death (p < 0.025). Other parameters, e.g., SUVmax, SUVpeak, and SUVmean, were not predictive of outcomes in these patients. CONCLUSION In patients with NSCLC, tu MTV, tu TLG, and WBTB determined on initial staging 18F-FDG PET/CT seems to be a strong, independent imaging biomarker to predict OS, superior to the clinical assessment of the primary tumor. The WB TLG was found to be the best predictor of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemat A. Mahmoud
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Walaa Oteify
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Hussein Elkhayat
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XCardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Zaher
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Nuclear Medicine Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taha Zaki Mohran
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Nesreen Mekkawy
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, Egypt
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10
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The role of Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathway in cancer. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:44. [PMID: 36517618 PMCID: PMC9751255 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch and Hedgehog signaling are involved in cancer biology and pathology, including the maintenance of tumor cell proliferation, cancer stem-like cells, and the tumor microenvironment. Given the complexity of Notch signaling in tumors, its role as both a tumor promoter and suppressor, and the crosstalk between pathways, the goal of developing clinically safe, effective, tumor-specific Notch-targeted drugs has remained intractable. Drugs developed against the Hedgehog signaling pathway have affirmed definitive therapeutic effects in basal cell carcinoma; however, in some contexts, the challenges of tumor resistance and recurrence leap to the forefront. The efficacy is very limited for other tumor types. In recent years, we have witnessed an exponential increase in the investigation and recognition of the critical roles of the Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathways in cancers, and the crosstalk between these pathways has vast space and value to explore. A series of clinical trials targeting signaling have been launched continually. In this review, we introduce current advances in the understanding of Notch and Hedgehog signaling and the crosstalk between pathways in specific tumor cell populations and microenvironments. Moreover, we also discuss the potential of targeting Notch and Hedgehog for cancer therapy, intending to promote the leap from bench to bedside.
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11
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Yuan G, Hu B, Ma J, Zhang C, Xie H, Wei T, Yang Y, Ni B. Histone lysine methyltransferase
SETDB2
suppresses
NRF2
to restrict tumor progression and modulates chemotherapy sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7258-7272. [PMID: 36504353 PMCID: PMC10067124 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aberrant epigenetic remodeling represents a molecular hallmark in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We aim to investigate the biological roles of SETDB2 and its underlying associations with oxidative stress, providing therapeutic targets for individualized treatment of LUAD. METHODS Differential analysis was conducted via Limma package, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed with survival package. CCK-8, cell proliferation assay, transwell assay, and in vivo assays were conducted to assess the function of SETDB2. Western blot assay, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted to assess the expression levels of SETDB2/NRF2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and ChIP-qPCR were conducted to assess the epigenetic roles of SETDB2. RESULTS We found that SETDB2 expression is decreased in tumor samples versus normal tissues in TCGA-LUAD cohort, LUAD-EAS cohort, GSE72094 dataset, and independent Soochow-LUAD dataset. Patients with low SETDB2 levels had a worse prognosis relative to those with high SETDB2. SETDB2 inhibition could significantly promote cell growth, migration ability, and stemness maintenance. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that SETDB2 correlated with oxidative stress crosstalk and regulated NRF2 mRNA levels. ChIP assay suggested that SETDB2 mainly recruited the H3K9me3 enrichment at the NRF2 promoter region to suppress the mRNA levels of NRF2. Downregulated SETDB2 could activate NRF2 transcription and expression, thereby promoting its downstream targets, like NQO1, FTH1, and ME1. Functional experiments demonstrated that low SETDB2 allowed NRF2 to drive malignant processes of LUAD. SETDB2 overexpression attenuated the ability of NRF2 signaling to neutralize cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to enhanced cell apoptosis. Overexpressed SETDB2 could inhibit tumor progression in vivo and further render LUAD cells sensitive to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings uncovered the suppressive role of SETDB2 in LUAD. SETDB2 negatively regulates NRF2 signaling to modulate tumor progression, which creates a therapeutic vulnerability in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Chuanyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Hongya Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Tengteng Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Bin Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
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12
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Su LP, Ji M, Liu L, Sang W, Xue J, Wang B, Pu HW, Zhang W. The expression of ASAP3 and NOTCH3 and the clinicopathological characteristics of adult glioma patients. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1724-1741. [DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
ASAP3 is involved in a variety of biological activities, including cancer progression in humans. In adult glioma, we explore the effects of ASAP3 and NOTCH3 and their relationships on prognosis. The Oncomine, TIMER, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases were used to investigate ASAP3 expression. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the levels of ASAP3 and NOTCH3 expressions. The effects of ASAP3 and NOTCH3 on prognosis were assessed using survival analysis. The results revealed that the amount of ASAP3 mRNA in gliomas was much higher than in normal tissue (P < 0.01). Glioma patients with high ASAP3 mRNA expression had a worse overall survival and progression-free survival. ASAP3 overexpression is directly associated with the NOTCH signaling system. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ASAP3 and NOTCH3 were overexpressed in glioblastomas (GBMs). ASAP3 expression was associated with age, recurrence, tumor resection, postoperative chemoradiotherapy, World Health Organization (WHO) grade, and Ki-67 expression. ASAP3 expression was related to the isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 mutation in low-grade glioma. Gender, local recurrence, tumor resection, postoperative radio-chemotherapy, WHO grade, recurrence, and ATRX expression were all associated with NOTCH3 expression. ASAP3 was shown to be positively associated with NOTCH3 (r = 0.337, P = 0.000). Therefore, ASAP3 and NOTCH3 as oncogene factors have the potential to be prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in adult glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-ping Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
- Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Min Ji
- College of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Wei Sang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Hong-Wei Pu
- Department of Science and Research Education Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road , Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University , No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830011 , P.R. China
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13
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Wang Y, Chen P, Zhao M, Cao H, Zhao Y, Ji M, Hou P, Chen M. EGFL7 drives the evolution of resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer by activating NOTCH signaling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:910. [PMID: 36309484 PMCID: PMC9617940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports evolutionary trait of drug resistance. Like resilience in other systems, most tumor cells experience drug-tolerant state before full resistance acquired. However, the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. Here, we identify that EGF like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7) is a responsive gene to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibition during a period when tumors are decimated. Moreover, our data reveal that the adaptive increase of EGFL7 during this process is controlled by the depression of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. Upregulation of EGFL7 activates NOTCH signaling in lung cancer cells, which slows down the decrease of c-Myc caused by EGFR inhibition, thereby helping the survival of cancer cells. Our data, taken together, demonstrate that EGFL7 is a driver gene for resistance to EGFR kinase inhibition, and suggest that targeting EGFL7/NOTCH signaling may improve the clinical benefits of EGFR inhibitors in patients with EGFR mutant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 PR China
| | - Pu Chen
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 PR China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
| | - Man Zhao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 PR China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
| | - Hongxin Cao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 PR China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
| | - Yuelei Zhao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 PR China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
| | - Meiju Ji
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
| | - Peng Hou
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 PR China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi PR China
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14
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Early Steps of Resistance to Targeted Therapies in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112613. [PMID: 35681591 PMCID: PMC9179469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with lung cancer benefit from more effective treatments, such as targeted therapies, and the overall survival has increased in the past decade. However, the efficacy of targeted therapies is limited due to the emergence of resistance. Growing evidence suggests that resistances may arise from a small population of drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells. Understanding the mechanisms underlying DTP survival is therefore crucial to develop therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of resistance. Herein, we propose an overview of the current scientific knowledge about the characterisation of DTP, and summarise the new therapeutic strategies that are tested to target these cells. Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men and women worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective therapies for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbouring EGFR-activating mutations, but are not curative due to the inevitable emergence of resistances. Recent in vitro studies suggest that resistance to EGFR-TKI may arise from a small population of drug-tolerant persister cells (DTP) through non-genetic reprogramming, by entering a reversible slow-to-non-proliferative state, before developing genetically derived resistances. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms governing the dynamics of the drug-tolerant state is therefore a priority to provide sustainable therapeutic solutions for patients. An increasing number of molecular mechanisms underlying DTP survival are being described, such as chromatin and epigenetic remodelling, the reactivation of anti-apoptotic/survival pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and interactions with their micro-environment. Here, we review and discuss the existing proposed mechanisms involved in the DTP state. We describe their biological features, molecular mechanisms of tolerance, and the therapeutic strategies that are tested to target the DTP.
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15
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Fang S, Peng B, Wen Y, Yang J, Wang H, Wang Z, Qian K, Wei Y, Jiao Y, Gao C, Dou L. Transcriptome-Wide Analysis of RNA N6-Methyladenosine Modification in Adriamycin-Resistant Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Front Genet 2022; 13:833694. [PMID: 35571033 PMCID: PMC9100953 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.833694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most aggressive hematopoietic malignancies. Patients still suffer from refractory/relapsed disease after anthracycline-based therapy, which leads to a poor prognosis. N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotes, the imbalance of which is reported to be associated with various pathological processes, including drug resistance. However, the relationship between m6A modification and drug resistance has not been well defined in AML. In this study, we analyzed the sequencing data of HL60 and its Adriamycin-resistant cell line HL60/ADR. We found a total of 40,550 m6A-methylated peaks, representing 15,640 genes in HL60, and 38,834 m6A-methylated peaks, representing 15,285 genes in HL60/ADR. KEGG pathway analysis showed that pathways were enriched in the FoxO signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and Notch signaling pathway. MeRIP-seq results showed that the fold enrichment of the global m6A level in HL60/ADR was higher than that in HL60, and dot blot assay results indicated that the global m6A level was elevated in HL60/ADR cells compared with that in HL60 cells. Further analysis revealed that the expression level of METTL3 was elevated in HL60/ADR cells compared with that in HL60 cells. After a combined treatment of STM2457 (an inhibitor of METTL3) and Adriamycin, the proliferation of HL60/ADR was inhibited. Thus, we hypothesized that the abnormality of m6A modification played an important role in Adriamycin-resistant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wen
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Jiao
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chunji Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chunji Gao, ; Liping Dou,
| | - Liping Dou
- Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chunji Gao, ; Liping Dou,
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16
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Mahfoudhi E, Ricordel C, Lecuyer G, Mouric C, Lena H, Pedeux R. Preclinical Models for Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors in NSCLC: Functional Studies and Drug Combinations Used to Overcome Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:853501. [PMID: 35463360 PMCID: PMC9023070 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.853501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are currently recommended as first-line treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-activating mutations. Third-generation (3rd G) EGFR-TKIs, including osimertinib, offer an effective treatment option for patients with NSCLC resistant 1st and 2nd EGFR-TKIs. However, the efficacy of 3rd G EGFR-TKIs is limited by acquired resistance that has become a growing clinical challenge. Several clinical and preclinical studies are being carried out to better understand the mechanisms of resistance to 3rd G EGFR-TKIs and have revealed various genetic aberrations associated with molecular heterogeneity of cancer cells. Studies focusing on epigenetic events are limited despite several indications of their involvement in the development of resistance. Preclinical models, established in most cases in a similar manner, have shown different prevalence of resistance mechanisms from clinical samples. Clinically identified mechanisms include EGFR mutations that were not identified in preclinical models. Thus, NRAS genetic alterations were not observed in patients but have been described in cell lines resistant to 3rd G EGFR-TKI. Mainly, resistance to 3rd G EGFR-TKI in preclinical models is related to the activation of alternative signaling pathways through tyrosine kinase receptor (TKR) activation or to histological and phenotypic transformations. Yet, preclinical models have provided some insight into the complex network between dominant drivers and associated events that lead to the emergence of resistance and consequently have identified new therapeutic targets. This review provides an overview of preclinical studies developed to investigate the mechanisms of acquired resistance to 3rd G EGFR-TKIs, including osimertinib and rociletinib, across all lines of therapy. In fact, some of the models described were first generated to be resistant to first- and second-generation EGFR-TKIs and often carried the T790M mutation, while others had never been exposed to TKIs. The review further describes the therapeutic opportunities to overcome resistance, based on preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Mahfoudhi
- Univ Rennes, Institut Nationale de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CLOC) Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Charles Ricordel
- Univ Rennes, Institut Nationale de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CLOC) Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Service de Pneumologie, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Gwendoline Lecuyer
- Univ Rennes, Institut Nationale de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CLOC) Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Cécile Mouric
- Univ Rennes, Institut Nationale de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CLOC) Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Hervé Lena
- Univ Rennes, Institut Nationale de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CLOC) Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Service de Pneumologie, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Rémy Pedeux
- Univ Rennes, Institut Nationale de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CLOC) Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
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17
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Gouzerh F, Buatois B, Hervé MR, Mancini M, Maraver A, Dormont L, Thomas F, Ganem G. Odours of cancerous mouse congeners: detection and attractiveness. Biol Open 2022; 11:275010. [PMID: 35403195 PMCID: PMC9065363 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical communication plays a major role in social interactions. Cancer, by inducing changes in body odours, may alter interactions between individuals. In the framework of research targeting non-invasive methods to detect early stages of cancer development, this study asked whether untrained mice could detect odour changes in cancerous congeners. If yes, were they able to detect cancer at an early developmental stage? Did it influence female preference? Did variations in volatile organic components of the odour source paralleled mice behavioural responses? We used transgenic mice strains developing or not lung cancer upon antibiotic ingestion. We sampled soiled bedding of cancerous mice (CC) and not cancerous mice (NC), at three experimental conditions: before (T0), early stage (T2) and late stage (T12) of cancer development. Habituation/generalisation and two-way preference tests were performed where soiled beddings of CC and NC mice were presented to wild-derived mice. The composition and relative concentration of volatile organic components (VOC) in the two stimuli types were analysed. Females did not show directional preference at any of the experimental conditions, suggesting that cancer did not influence their choice behaviour. Males did not discriminate between CC and NC stimuli at T0 but did so at T2 and T12, indicating that wild-derived mice could detect cancer at an early stage of development. Finally, although the VOC bouquet differed between CC and NC it did not seem to parallel the observed behavioural response suggesting that other types of odorant components might be involved in behavioural discrimination between CC and NC mice. Summary: Male mice could discriminate the smell of cancerous congeners even when the tumour was hardly detectable by other means; however, females did not discriminate against the smell of males carrying cancerous tumours. Odorant molecules other than volatile organic compounds analysed here might explain the observed behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Gouzerh
- CREEC/ MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Buatois
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime R Hervé
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Laurent Dormont
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC/ MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Guila Ganem
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
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18
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Xu Q, Cha Q, Qin H, Liu B, Wu X, Shi J. Identification of Master Regulators Driving Disease Progression, Relapse, and Drug Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 2:813960. [PMID: 36304306 PMCID: PMC9580914 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2022.813960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Current treatment strategies primarily involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, determined by TNM stages, histologic types, and genetic profiles. Plenty of studies have been trying to identify robust prognostic gene expression signatures. Even for high performance signatures, they usually have few shared genes. This is not totally unexpected, since a prognostic signature is associated with patient survival and may contain no upstream regulators. Identification of master regulators driving disease progression is a vital step to understand underlying molecular mechanisms and develop new treatments. Methods: In this study, we have utilized a robust workflow to identify potential master regulators that drive poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. This workflow takes gene expression signatures that are associated with poor survival of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, EGFR-TKI resistance, and responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors, respectively, and identifies recurrent master regulators from seven public gene expression datasets by a regulatory network-based approach. Results: We have found that majority of the master regulators driving poor prognosis in early stage LUAD are cell-cycle related according to Gene Ontology annotation. However, they were demonstrated experimentally to promote a spectrum of processes such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Master regulators predicted from EGFR-TKI resistance signature and the EMT pathway signature are largely shared, which suggests that EMT pathway functions as a hub and interact with other pathways such as hypoxia, angiogenesis, TNF-α signaling, inflammation, TNF-β signaling, Wnt, and Notch signaling pathways. Master regulators that repress immunotherapy are enriched with MYC targets, E2F targets, oxidative phosphorylation, and mTOR signaling. Conclusion: Our study uncovered possible mechanisms underlying recurrence, resistance to targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The predicted master regulators may serve as potential therapeutic targets in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongfang Cha
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xueling Wu, ; Jiantao Shi,
| | - Jiantao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xueling Wu, ; Jiantao Shi,
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19
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Predictive value of multiple metabolic and heterogeneity parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT for EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Nucl Med 2022; 36:393-400. [PMID: 35084711 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the value of multiple metabolic and heterogeneity parameters of 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in predicting epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed by reviewing 98 patients with NSCLC who underwent EGFR mutation testing and 18F-FDG PET/CT examination in our hospital between March 2016 and March 2021. Patients were divided into an EGFR-mutant group and a wild-type group. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to screen and construct a prediction model. The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated using a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS The study found that EGFR mutations were more likely to occur in women, non-smokers, and patients with peripheral lesions, shorter maximum tumor diameter, adenocarcinoma, and T1 stage cancer. Low maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume, total lesion glycolysis, and high coefficient of variation (COV) were significantly correlated with EGFR mutations, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.622, 0.638, 0.679, 0.687, and 0.672, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that non-smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 0.109, P = 0.014), peripheral lesions (OR = 6.917, P = 0.022), low SUVmax (≤ 7.85, OR = 5.471, P = 0.001), SUVmean (≤ 5.34, OR = 0.044, P = 0.000), and high COV (≥ 106.08, OR = 0.996, P = 0.045) were independent predictors of EGFR mutations. The AUC of the prediction model established by combining the above factors was 0.926; the diagnostic efficiency was significantly higher than that of a single parameter. CONCLUSION Among the metabolic and heterogeneity parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT, low SUVmax, SUVmean, and high COV were significantly associated with EGFR mutations, and the predictive value of EGFR mutations could be enhanced when combined with clinicopathological features.
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20
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Shi Z, Gao Y, Feng L, Tian W, Dou Z, Liu C, Liu J, Xu Y, Wang Y, Yan J, Wu Q, Li J, Yang L, Zhang Z, Yang J, Qi Z. TR35 Exerts Anti-tumor Effects by Modulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and STAT3 Signaling in Lung Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:723346. [PMID: 34760885 PMCID: PMC8573214 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease extremely dependent on its microenvironment and is highly regulated by a variety of stimuli inside and outside the cell. Evidence suggests that active camel whey fraction (TR35) confer anti-tumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its exact mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying suppression of NSCLC cell growth and proliferation by TR35. Treatment of A549 and H1299 cells with TR35 suppressed their growth and enhanced apoptosis, as revealed by CCK-8, colony formation and flow cytometric analyses. We find that TR35 suppresses tumor growth in a xenograft nude mouse model without losses in body weight. RNA-seq and KEGG pathway analyses showed that the DEGs were enriched in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Jak-STAT signaling pathways. After test the key factors’ activity associated with these pathways by Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and western blotting, the activation of JNK phosphorylation and inhibition of p38 and STAT3 phosphorylation was observed both in TR35 treated lung cancer cell and tumor tissue. Taken together, these results showed that TR35 play a significant role in the NSCLC progression in the tumor microenvironment via MAPK and Jak-STAT signaling, highlighting TR35 as a potential therapeutic agent against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Shi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Feng
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wencong Tian
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihua Dou
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yachen Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU013), Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaocai Zhang,
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
- Jie Yang,
| | - Zhi Qi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Zhi Qi,
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21
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Osoegawa A, Yamaguchi M, Nakamura T, Morinaga R, Tanaka K, Kashiwabara K, Miura T, Suetsugu T, Harada T, Asoh T, Taguchi K, Nabeshima K, Kishimoto J, Sakai K, Nishio K, Sugio K. High Incidence of C797S Mutation in Patients With Long Treatment History of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Including Osimertinib. JTO Clin Res Rep 2021; 2:100191. [PMID: 34590037 PMCID: PMC8474195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2021.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although treatment with osimertinib confers survival benefits in patients with lung cancer with the EGFR T790M mutation, the mechanism of acquired resistance to osimertinib remains poorly understood. We conducted a prospective observational study to identify the mechanism on the basis of repeated tissue biopsies. Methods Patients with EGFR-mutated advanced lung cancer with a T790M mutation detected on a tissue biopsy underwent a rebiopsy after developing acquired resistance to osimertinib. Nucleic acids extracted from the biopsy samples were subjected to targeted resequencing (Oncomine Comprehensive Assay), and circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) was analyzed by CAncer Personalized Profiling by deep Sequencing (AVENIO ctDNA Surveillance Kit). Results Between November 2016 and March 2020, a total of 87 patients were screened. Among them, 44 developed acquired resistance. Of these, 19 samples from rebiopsies and 12 from preosimertinib biopsies were able to be analyzed by an Oncomine Comprehensive Assay. A ccfDNA analysis was performed in 16 patients. Regarding the mechanisms of acquired resistance, structural change in EGFR, namely, C797S, G796S, or L792V, was the most frequent alteration, being observed in 57.9% of the cases. MET gain was observed in 31.6% of the cases, and gains in cell cycle genes were observed in 26.3% of the cases. In addition, we identified GAS6 gain and an ATM mutation in a patient with small-cell transformation and a BRAF V600E mutation in a patient with oligoprogressive disease. Conclusions A repeated tissue biopsy and a ccfDNA analysis were useful in analyzing the mechanisms underlying acquired resistance. A long treatment history of EGFR TKIs may result in a high percentage of EGFR structural change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Osoegawa
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Morinaga
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Oita Prefectural Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kashiwabara
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Kumamoto Regional Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Miura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shinbeppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Takayuki Suetsugu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sendai Medical Association Hospital, Satsumasendai, Japan
| | - Taishi Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Kyushu Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Asoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Department of Pathology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Kishimoto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugio
- Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
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22
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Generation and Characterization of a New Preclinical Mouse Model of EGFR-Driven Lung Cancer with MET-Induced Osimertinib Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143441. [PMID: 34298655 PMCID: PMC8307933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The use of targeted therapy has changed the clinical management of lung cancer patients, increasing both their life quality and expectancy. Conversely, the appearance of resistance occurs in almost all patients receiving this therapy. In this regard, new strategies combining different therapies could delay or even eliminate the appearance of resistance. However, in order to develop new therapeutic treatments, we need preclinical mouse models that recapitulate human disease. In the present study, we developed a new state-of-the-art mouse model that summarizes all features occurring in EGFR-mutated patients that relapse after osimertinib after acquisition of MET amplification. Abstract Despite the introduction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to treat advanced lung cancer harboring EGFR-activating mutations, the prognosis remains unfavorable because of intrinsic and/or acquired resistance. We generated a new state-of-the-art mouse strain harboring the human EGFRT790M/L858R oncogene and MET overexpression (EGFR/MET strain) that mimics the MET amplification occurring in one out of five patients with EGFR-mutated lung cancer that relapsed after treatment with osimertinib, a third-generation anti-EGFR TKI. We found that survival was reduced in EGFR/MET mice compared with mice harboring only EGFRT790M/L858R (EGFR strain). Moreover, EGFR/MET-driven lung tumors were resistant to osimertinib, recapitulating the phenotype observed in patients. Conversely, as also observed in patients, the crizotinib (anti-MET TKI) and osimertinib combination improved survival and reduced tumor burden in EGFR/MET mice, further validating the model’s value for preclinical studies. We also found that in EGFR/MET mice, MET overexpression negatively regulated EGFR activity through MIG6 induction, a compensatory mechanism that allows the coexistence of the two onco-genic events. Our data suggest that single EGFR or MET inhibition might not be a good therapeutic option for EGFR-mutated lung cancer with MET amplification, and that inhibition of both pathways should be the best clinical choice in these patients.
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23
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Kumar V, Vashishta M, Kong L, Wu X, Lu JJ, Guha C, Dwarakanath BS. The Role of Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt Signaling Pathways in the Resistance of Tumors to Anticancer Therapies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650772. [PMID: 33968932 PMCID: PMC8100510 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to therapy is the major hurdle in the current cancer management. Cancer cells often rewire their cellular process to alternate mechanisms to resist the deleterious effect mounted by different therapeutic approaches. The major signaling pathways involved in the developmental process, such as Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt, play a vital role in development, tumorigenesis, and also in the resistance to the various anticancer therapies. Understanding how cancer utilizes these developmental pathways in acquiring the resistance to the multi-therapeutic approach cancer can give rise to a new insight of the anti-therapy resistance mechanisms, which can be explored for the development of a novel therapeutic approach. We present a brief overview of Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt signaling pathways in cancer and its role in providing resistance to various cancer treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Understanding the importance of these molecular networks will provide a rational basis for novel and safer combined anticancer therapeutic approaches for the improvement of cancer treatment by overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar
- R&D Dept, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohit Vashishta
- R&D Dept, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- R&D Dept, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiade J Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chandan Guha
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States
| | - B S Dwarakanath
- R&D Dept, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China
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24
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Targeting Notch and EGFR signaling in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:27. [PMID: 33473104 PMCID: PMC7817832 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common type of salivary gland cancers and patients with advanced, metastatic, and recurrent MECs have limited therapeutic options and poor treatment outcomes. MEC is commonly associated with a chromosomal translocation t(11;19) (q14-21;p12-13) that encodes the CRTC1-MAML2 oncogenic fusion. The CRTC1-MAML2 fusion is required for MEC growth in part through inducing autocrine AREG-EGFR signaling. Growing evidence suggests that MEC malignancy is maintained by cancer stem-like cells. In this study, we aimed to determine critical signaling for maintaining MEC stem-like cells and the effect of combined targeting of stem cell signaling and CRTC1-MAML2-induced EGFR signaling on blocking MEC growth. First, we evaluated the significance of Notch signaling in regulating MEC stem-like cells. Aberrantly activated Notch signaling was detected in human fusion-positive MEC cells. The inhibition of Notch signaling with genetic or pharmacological inhibitors reduced oncosphere formation and ALDH-bright population in vitro and blocked the growth of MEC xenografts in vivo. Next, we investigated the effect of co-targeting Notch signaling and EGFR signaling, and observed enhanced inhibition on MEC growth in vivo. Collectively, this study identified a critical role of Notch signaling in maintaining MEC stem-like cells and tumor growth, and revealed a novel approach of co-targeting Notch and EGFR signaling as a potential effective anti-MEC treatment.
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25
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Mir O, Watson S, Massard C, Le Cesne A, Benhadji KA, Soria JC. Sequential treatment with NOTCH inhibitor crenigacestat followed by pazopanib in soft tissue sarcoma patients. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1782-1784. [PMID: 32941988 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Mir
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, Sarcoma Group, Villejuif, France.
| | - S Watson
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, Department of Drug Development (DITEP), University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - C Massard
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, Department of Drug Development (DITEP), University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - A Le Cesne
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, Sarcoma Group, Villejuif, France
| | | | - J C Soria
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, Department of Drug Development (DITEP), University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
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26
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Moore G, Annett S, McClements L, Robson T. Top Notch Targeting Strategies in Cancer: A Detailed Overview of Recent Insights and Current Perspectives. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061503. [PMID: 32575680 PMCID: PMC7349363 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved Notch plays a critical role in embryonic development and cellular self-renewal. It has both tumour suppressor and oncogenic activity, the latter of which is widely described. Notch-activating mutations are associated with haematological malignancies and several solid tumours including breast, lung and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Moreover, upregulation of Notch receptors and ligands and aberrant Notch signalling is frequently observed in cancer. It is involved in cancer hallmarks including proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis, cancer stem cell renewal, metastasis and drug resistance. It is a key component of cell-to-cell interactions between cancer cells and cells of the tumour microenvironment, such as endothelial cells, immune cells and fibroblasts. Notch displays diverse crosstalk with many other oncogenic signalling pathways, and may drive acquired resistance to targeted therapies as well as resistance to standard chemo/radiation therapy. The past 10 years have seen the emergence of different classes of drugs therapeutically targeting Notch including receptor/ligand antibodies, gamma secretase inhibitors (GSI) and most recently, the development of Notch transcription complex inhibitors. It is an exciting time for Notch research with over 70 cancer clinical trials registered and the first-ever Phase III trial of a Notch GSI, nirogacestat, currently at the recruitment stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Moore
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (G.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Stephanie Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (G.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Lana McClements
- The School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (G.M.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence:
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