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Azam Z, Zhang X, Wahab R, Hasan MM, Kang B, Hassan MM, Karim M, Choi JU, Rana M, Zhang JY, Roy S, Byun Y, Kim IS, Song JY, Alam F, Toy EP, Reddy SY, Al-Hilal TA. The prion-like protein Doppel: A soluble biomarker steering ovarian cancer's peritoneal to circulatory dissemination. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.26.605386. [PMID: 39211186 PMCID: PMC11360894 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.26.605386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Detecting ovarian cancer (OC) early using existing biomarkers, e.g., cancer antigen 125 (CA125), is challenging due to its ubiquitous expression in many tissues. Doppel, a prion-like protein, expresses in male reproductive organ but absent in female reproductive systems and healthy tissues, but plays an important role in neoangiogenesis. Here, we have shown two platforms, soluble Doppel in sera/ascites and Doppel expressed circulating tumor cells ( Dpl+ CTC) in the whole blood, to detect subsets of epithelial OC (EOC). Increased level of Doppel in the sera of OC patients, in three different cohorts, confirm Doppel as OC specific biomarker. Serum Doppel level distinguishes EOC subtypes and early stages HGSOCs from non-cancerous conditions with high sensitivity and specificity. Stratifying the EOCs based on Doppel level, we categorized them into Doppel-high (Dpl hi ) and Doppel-low (Dpl low ) groups. Using ascites-derived organoids and single cell sequencing of whole ascites of Dpl hi and Dpl low patients, we identify that Doppel induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment, respectively. Doppel levels in the sera/ascites correlate with the changes of Dpl+ CTC number in whole blood, highlighting the association of Doppel-induced EMT with CTC dissemination in circulation. Thus, Doppel-based detection of EOC subtypes could be a promising platform as clinical biomarker and link Doppel-axis with OC dissemination.
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Nazarzadeh Zare E, Khorsandi D, Zarepour A, Yilmaz H, Agarwal T, Hooshmand S, Mohammadinejad R, Ozdemir F, Sahin O, Adiguzel S, Khan H, Zarrabi A, Sharifi E, Kumar A, Mostafavi E, Kouchehbaghi NH, Mattoli V, Zhang F, Jucaud V, Najafabadi AH, Khademhosseini A. Biomedical applications of engineered heparin-based materials. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:87-118. [PMID: 37609108 PMCID: PMC10440395 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparin is a negatively charged polysaccharide with various chain lengths and a hydrophilic backbone. Due to its fascinating chemical and physical properties, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, heparin has been extensively used in different fields of medicine, such as cardiovascular and hematology. This review highlights recent and future advancements in designing materials based on heparin for various biomedical applications. The physicochemical and mechanical properties, biocompatibility, toxicity, and biodegradability of heparin are discussed. In addition, the applications of heparin-based materials in various biomedical fields, such as drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, and biosensors, are reviewed. Finally, challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives in preparing heparin-based materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yilmaz
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Bio-Technology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, AP, India
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatma Ozdemir
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Basic Pharmacy Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevin Adiguzel
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54 - Mostra D'Oltremare pad. 20, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Feng Zhang
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States
| | | | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States
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3
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Schmid CD, Olsavszky V, Reinhart M, Weyer V, Trogisch FA, Sticht C, Winkler M, Kürschner SW, Hoffmann J, Ola R, Staniczek T, Heineke J, Straub BK, Mittler J, Schledzewski K, ten Dijke P, Richter K, Dooley S, Géraud C, Goerdt S, Koch P. ALK1 controls hepatic vessel formation, angiodiversity, and angiocrine functions in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia of the liver. Hepatology 2023; 77:1211-1227. [PMID: 35776660 PMCID: PMC10026949 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), severe liver vascular malformations are associated with mutations in the Activin A Receptor-Like Type 1 ( ACVRL1 ) gene encoding ALK1, the receptor for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 9/BMP10, which regulates blood vessel development. Here, we established an HHT mouse model with exclusive liver involvement and adequate life expectancy to investigate ALK1 signaling in liver vessel formation and metabolic function. APPROACH AND RESULTS Liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC)-selective Cre deleter line, Stab2-iCreF3 , was crossed with Acvrl1 -floxed mice to generate LSEC-specific Acvrl1 -deficient mice ( Alk1HEC-KO ). Alk1HEC-KO mice revealed hepatic vascular malformations and increased posthepatic flow, causing right ventricular volume overload. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated induction of proangiogenic/tip cell gene sets and arterialization of hepatic vessels at the expense of LSEC and central venous identities. Loss of LSEC angiokines Wnt2 , Wnt9b , and R-spondin-3 ( Rspo3 ) led to disruption of metabolic liver zonation in Alk1HEC-KO mice and in liver specimens of patients with HHT. Furthermore, prion-like protein doppel ( Prnd ) and placental growth factor ( Pgf ) were upregulated in Alk1HEC-KO hepatic endothelial cells, representing candidates driving the organ-specific pathogenesis of HHT. In LSEC in vitro , stimulation or inhibition of ALK1 signaling counter-regulated Inhibitors of DNA binding (ID)1-3, known Alk1 transcriptional targets. Stimulation of ALK1 signaling and inhibition of ID1-3 function confirmed regulation of Wnt2 and Rspo3 by the BMP9/ALK1/ID axis. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic endothelial ALK1 signaling protects from development of vascular malformations preserving organ-specific endothelial differentiation and angiocrine signaling. The long-term surviving Alk1HEC-KO HHT model offers opportunities to develop targeted therapies for this severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian David Schmid
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Victor Olsavszky
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manuel Reinhart
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vanessa Weyer
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix A. Trogisch
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Core Facility Platform Mannheim, NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manuel Winkler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sina W. Kürschner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Roxana Ola
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Theresa Staniczek
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beate K. Straub
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Mittler
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kai Schledzewski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karsten Richter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cyrill Géraud
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sergij Goerdt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp‐Sebastian Koch
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Ghalehbandi S, Yuzugulen J, Pranjol MZI, Pourgholami MH. The role of VEGF in cancer-induced angiogenesis and research progress of drugs targeting VEGF. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175586. [PMID: 36906141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a double-edged sword; it is a mechanism that defines the boundary between health and disease. In spite of its central role in physiological homeostasis, it provides the oxygen and nutrition needed by tumor cells to proceed from dormancy if pro-angiogenic factors tip the balance in favor of tumor angiogenesis. Among pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prominent target in therapeutic methods due to its strategic involvement in the formation of anomalous tumor vasculature. In addition, VEGF exhibits immune-regulatory properties which suppress immune cell antitumor activity. VEGF signaling through its receptors is an integral part of tumoral angiogenic approaches. A wide variety of medicines have been designed to target the ligands and receptors of this pro-angiogenic superfamily. Herein, we summarize the direct and indirect molecular mechanisms of VEGF to demonstrate its versatile role in the context of cancer angiogenesis and current transformative VEGF-targeted strategies interfering with tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
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5
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Choi JU, Zhang X, Hasan MM, Karim M, Chung SW, Alam F, Alqahtani F, Reddy SY, Kim IS, Al-Hilal TA, Byun Y. Targeting angiogenic growth factors using therapeutic glycosaminoglycans on doppel-expressing endothelial cells for blocking angiogenic signaling in cancer. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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6
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Dai C, Waduge P, Ji L, Huang C, He Y, Tian H, Zuniga-Sanchez E, Bhatt A, Pang IH, Su G, Webster KA, Li W. Secretogranin III stringently regulates pathological but not physiological angiogenesis in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:63. [PMID: 35006382 PMCID: PMC9007175 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), regulate both pathological and physiological angiogenesis indiscriminately, and their inhibitors may elicit adverse side effects. Secretogranin III (Scg3) was recently reported to be a diabetes-restricted VEGF-independent angiogenic factor, but the disease selectivity of Scg3 in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a retinal disease in preterm infants with concurrent pathological and physiological angiogenesis, was not defined. Here, using oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice, a surrogate model of ROP, we quantified an exclusive binding of Scg3 to diseased versus healthy developing neovessels that contrasted sharply with the ubiquitous binding of VEGF. Functional immunohistochemistry visualized Scg3 binding exclusively to disease-related disorganized retinal neovessels and neovascular tufts, whereas VEGF bound to both disorganized and well-organized neovessels. Homozygous deletion of the Scg3 gene showed undetectable effects on physiological retinal neovascularization but markedly reduced the severity of OIR-induced pathological angiogenesis. Furthermore, anti-Scg3 humanized antibody Fab (hFab) inhibited pathological angiogenesis with similar efficacy to anti-VEGF aflibercept. Aflibercept dose-dependently blocked physiological angiogenesis in neonatal retinas, whereas anti-Scg3 hFab was without adverse effects at any dose and supported a therapeutic window at least 10X wider than that of aflibercept. Therefore, Scg3 stringently regulates pathological but not physiological angiogenesis, and anti-Scg3 hFab satisfies essential criteria for development as a safe and effective disease-targeted anti-angiogenic therapy for ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Dai
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Prabuddha Waduge
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Liyang Ji
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chengchi Huang
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ye He
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zuniga-Sanchez
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amit Bhatt
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Texas Children Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Iok-Hou Pang
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Guanfang Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, #218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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7
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Mouillet-Richard S, Ghazi A, Laurent-Puig P. The Cellular Prion Protein and the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195032. [PMID: 34638517 PMCID: PMC8508458 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The cellular prion protein PrPC is best known for its involvement, under its pathogenic isoform, in a group of neurodegenerative diseases. Notwithstanding, an emerging role for PrPC in various cancer-associated processes has attracted increasing attention over recent years. PrPC is overexpressed in diverse types of solid cancers and has been incriminated in various aspects of cancer biology, most notably proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis, as well as resistance to cytotoxic agents. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of PrPC with respect to the hallmarks of cancer, a reference framework encompassing the major characteristics of cancer cells. Abstract Beyond its causal involvement in a group of neurodegenerative diseases known as Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies, the cellular prion protein PrPC is now taking centre stage as an important contributor to cancer progression in various types of solid tumours. The prion cancer research field has progressively expanded in the last few years and has yielded consistent evidence for an involvement of PrPC in cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, therapeutic resistance and cancer stem cell properties. Most recent data have uncovered new facets of the biology of PrPC in cancer, ranging from its control on enzymes involved in immune tolerance to its radio-protective activity, by way of promoting angiogenesis. In the present review, we aim to summarise the body of literature dedicated to the study of PrPC in relation to cancer from the perspective of the hallmarks of cancer, the reference framework defined by Hanahan and Weinberg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.G.); (P.L.-P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandre Ghazi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.G.); (P.L.-P.)
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.G.); (P.L.-P.)
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
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8
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Delayed Exercise-induced Upregulation of Angiogenic Proteins and Recovery of Motor Function after Photothrombotic Stroke in Mice. Neuroscience 2021; 461:57-71. [PMID: 33667592 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Treatments promoting post-stroke functional recovery continue to be an unmet therapeutic problem with physical rehabilitation being the most reproduced intervention in preclinical and clinical studies. Unfortunately, physiotherapy is typically effective at high intensity and early after stroke - requirements that are hardly attainable by stroke survivors. The aim of this study was to directly evaluate and compare the dose-dependent effect of delayed physical rehabilitation (daily 5 h or overnight voluntary wheel running; initiated on post-stroke day 7 and continuing through day 21) on recovery of motor function in the mouse photothrombotic model of ischemic stroke and correlate it with angiogenic potential of the brain. Our observations indicate that overnight but not 5 h access to running wheels facilitates recovery of motor function in mice in grid-walking test. Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy experiments evaluating the expression of angiogenesis-associated proteins VEGFR2, doppel and PDGFRβ in the peri-infarct and corresponding contralateral motor cortices indicate substantial upregulation of these proteins (≥2-fold) in the infarct core and surrounding cerebral cortex in the overnight running mice on post-stroke day 21. These findings indicate that there is a dose-dependent relationship between the extent of voluntary exercise, motor recovery and expression of angiogenesis-associated proteins in this expert-recommended mouse ischemic stroke model. Notably, our observations also point out to enhanced angiogenesis and presence of pericytes within the infarct core region during the chronic phase of stroke, suggesting a potential contribution of this tissue area in the mechanisms governing post-stroke functional recovery.
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9
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Trotta MC, Gesualdo C, Platania CBM, De Robertis D, Giordano M, Simonelli F, D'Amico M, Drago F, Bucolo C, Rossi S. Circulating miRNAs in diabetic retinopathy patients: Prognostic markers or pharmacological targets? Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114473. [PMID: 33607073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study we analyzed the expression of circulating miRNAs, in the serum of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients. Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-27b-3p and hsa-miR-451a) were validated as biomarkers for stratification of DR stages, from the early non-proliferative (NPDR) to the late proliferative (PDR) phase. Furthermore, circulating levels of these miRNAs correlated with retinal hyper-reflective spots (HRS), assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The number of HRS increased with worsening of DR stages. On the contrary, no significant vascular density differences between NPDR and PDR patients were detected by angio-OCT (OCTA). A post-hoc bioinformatics analysis associated these five miRNAs to target genes belonging to the "Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa signaling" pathway, and several molecules were predicted to modify miRNAs expression. In conclusion, correlation between specific circulating miRNAs and intraretinal hyper-reflective spots was demonstrated, confirming that these miRNAs were validated as prognostic biomarkers, and also as potential pharmacological targets, warranting further clinical evaluation to explore novel therapeutics for diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Gesualdo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Bianca Maria Platania
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Domenico De Robertis
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology, CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology, CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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10
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Zhang T, Chen Y, Lin W, Zheng J, Liu Y, Zou J, Cai J, Chen Y, Li Z, Chen Y. Prognostic and Immune-Infiltrate Significance of miR-222-3p and Its Target Genes in Thyroid Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:710412. [PMID: 34737762 PMCID: PMC8562566 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.710412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is a common endocrine malignancy. With increasing incidence and low mortality, balancing the therapeutic approach is an inevitable issue. This study aimed to confirm the role of miR-222-3p and its target genes in THCA survival and immune infiltration. From different expression analyses based on the GEO and TCGA databases, we predicted and subsequently identified the key target genes of miR-222-3p. We then explored the expression, enrichment, pairwise correlation, protein expression, survival analysis, principal component analysis, and immune significance of the critical genes using bioinformatics analysis. The present study demonstrated that NEGR1, NTNG1, XPNPEP2, NTNG2, CD109, OPCML, and PRND are critical genes. The miR-222-3p was highly expressed, probably leading to low NEGR1 and high PRND expression in THCA tissues. Low NEGR1 expression indicated favorable prognosis in THCA patients, and high PRND expression indicated poor prognosis. Seven critical genes were significantly related to gender, age, race, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis. In addition, the seven-gene biomarker exhibited a certain diagnostic value. Finally, CD109 expression was closely correlated with immune cells, especially B cells and CD4+ T cells. The miR-222-3p and its critical target genes could be promising biomarkers for the prognosis of THCA and may emerge as key regulators of immune infiltration in THCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weixun Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jiehua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Breast Disease Research Center, Medical Research Institute of Shantou Doctoral Association, Shantou, China
| | - Yiyuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Breast Disease Research Center, Medical Research Institute of Shantou Doctoral Association, Shantou, China
| | - Juan Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Breast Disease Research Center, Medical Research Institute of Shantou Doctoral Association, Shantou, China
| | - Jiehui Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Breast Disease Research Center, Medical Research Institute of Shantou Doctoral Association, Shantou, China
| | - Yaokun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Breast Disease Research Center, Medical Research Institute of Shantou Doctoral Association, Shantou, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyang Li, ; Yexi Chen,
| | - Yexi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyang Li, ; Yexi Chen,
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11
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Molecular Targeting of VEGF with a Suramin Fragment-DOCA Conjugate by Mimicking the Action of Low Molecular Weight Heparins. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010046. [PMID: 33396366 PMCID: PMC7823656 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular targeting of growth factors has shown great therapeutic potential in pharmaceutical research due to their roles in pathological conditions. In the present study, we developed a novel suramin fragment and deoxycholic acid conjugate (SFD) that exhibited the potential to bind to the heparin-binding site (HBD) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and to inhibit its pathogenic action for the first time. Notably, SFD was optimally designed for binding to the HBD of VEGF using the naphthalenetrisulfonate group, allowing to observe its excellent binding efficacy in a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) study, showing remarkable binding affinity (KD = 3.8 nM) as a small molecule inhibitor. In the tubular formation assay, it was observed that SFD could bind to HBD and exhibit antiangiogenic efficacy by inhibiting VEGF, such as heparins. The cellular treatment of SFD resulted in VEGF-inhibitory effects in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Therefore, we propose that SFD can be employed as a novel drug candidate to inhibit the pathophysiological action of VEGF in diseases. Consequently, SFD, which has a molecular structure optimized for binding to HBD, is put forward as a new chemical VEGF inhibitor.
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12
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Activating CD137 Signaling Promotes Sprouting Angiogenesis via Increased VEGFA Secretion and the VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1649453. [PMID: 33162828 PMCID: PMC7604604 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1649453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination of antiangiogenesis and immunotherapy may be an effective strategy for treatment of solid tumors. Our previous work reported that activation of CD137 signaling promotes intraplaque angiogenesis. A number of studies have demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a key target for angiogenesis. However, it is unknown whether CD137-mediated angiogenesis is related to VEGFR2. In this study, we investigated the effect of CD137 on the VEGFR2 expression and explored the underlying mechanisms of CD137-mediated angiogenesis. Knock-out of CD137 in ApoE−/− mice significantly decreased neovessel density in atherosclerotic plaques. CD137 silencing or inhibition attenuated endothelial cell (ECs) proliferation, migration, and tube formation. We found activation of CD137 signaling for increased VEGFR2 transcription and translation steadily. Moreover, CD137 signaling activated phosphorylated VEGFR2 (Tyr1175) and the downstream Akt/eNOS pathway, whereas neutralizing CD137 signaling weakened the activation of VEGFR2 and the downstream Akt/eNOS pathway. The aortic ring assay further demonstrated that CD137 signaling promoted ECc sprouting. Inhibition of VEGFR2 by siRNA or XL184 (cabozantinib) and inhibition of downstream signaling by LY294002 (inhibits AKT activation) and L-NAME (eNOS inhibitor) remarkably abolished proangiogenic effects of CD137 signaling both in vitro and ex vivo. In addition, the condition medium from CD137-activated ECs and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) had similar effects on ECs that expressed high VEGFR2. Additionally, activating CD137 signaling promoted endothelial secretion of VEGFA, while blocking CD137 signaling attenuated VEGFA secretion. In conclusion, activation of CD137 signaling promoted sprouting angiogenesis by increased VEGFA secretion and the VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS pathway. These findings provide a basis for stabilizing intraplaque angiogenesis through VEGFR2 intervatioin, as well as cancer treatment via combination of CD137 agonists and specific VEGFR2 inhibitors.
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Chen Z, Morales JE, Avci N, Guerrero PA, Rao G, Seo JH, McCarty JH. The vascular endothelial cell-expressed prion protein doppel promotes angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier development. Development 2020; 147:dev.193094. [PMID: 32895288 DOI: 10.1242/dev.193094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) contains a complex network of blood vessels that promote normal tissue development and physiology. Abnormal control of blood vessel morphogenesis and maturation is linked to the pathogenesis of various neurodevelopmental diseases. The CNS-specific genes that regulate blood vessel morphogenesis in development and disease remain largely unknown. Here, we have characterized functions for the gene encoding prion protein 2 (Prnd) in CNS blood vessel development and physiology. Prnd encodes the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein doppel, which is expressed on the surface of angiogenic vascular endothelial cells, but is absent in quiescent endothelial cells of the adult CNS. During CNS vascular development, doppel interacts with receptor tyrosine kinases and activates cytoplasmic signaling pathways involved in endothelial cell survival, metabolism and migration. Analysis of mice genetically null for Prnd revealed impaired CNS blood vessel morphogenesis and associated endothelial cell sprouting defects. Prnd-/- mice also displayed defects in endothelial barrier integrity. Collectively, these data reveal novel mechanisms underlying doppel control of angiogenesis in the developing CNS, and may provide new insights about dysfunctional pathways that cause vascular-related CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John E Morales
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Naze Avci
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paola A Guerrero
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Je Hoon Seo
- Department of Anatomy, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph H McCarty
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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14
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Zhou Z, Yao B, Zhao D. Runx3 regulates chondrocyte phenotype by controlling multiple genes involved in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5773-5792. [PMID: 32661874 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05646-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocytes are the sole cell type present within cartilage, and play pivotal roles in controlling the formation and composition of health cartilage. Chondrocytes maintain cartilage homeostasis through proliferating, differentiating and synthesizing different types of extracellular matrices. Thus, the coordinated proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes are essential for cartilage growth, repair and the conversion from cartilage to bone during the processes of bone formation and fracture healing. Runx3, a transcription factor that belongs to the Runx family, is significantly upregulated at the onset of cartilage mineralization and regulates both early and late markers of chondrocyte maturation. Therefore, Runx3 may serve as an accelerator of chondrocyte differentiation and maturation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of Runx3 in regulating chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation remains largely to be elucidated. In the present study, we used state-of-the-art RNA-seq technology combined with validation methods to investigate the effect of Runx3 overexpression or silencing on primary chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and demonstrated that Runx3 overexpression possibly inhibited chondrocyte proliferation but accelerated differentiation, whereas Runx3 silencing possibly promoted chondrocyte proliferation but suppressed differentiation. Furthermore, Runx3 overexpression possibly decreased the expression levels of Sox9 and its downstream genes via Sox9 cartilage-specific enhancers, and vice versa for Runx3 silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhou
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Baojin Yao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
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15
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Folate deficiency promotes differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells without affecting the methylation status of regulated genes. Biochem J 2020; 476:2769-2795. [PMID: 31530711 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Elevated serum homocysteine, an intermediate of cellular one-carbon metabolism, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Folate deficiency increases serum homocysteine and may contribute to CVD progression. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) regulate vascular contractility, but also contribute to repair processes in response to vascular injury. Nutritional deficiencies, like folate deficiency, are thought to impact on this phenotypic plasticity, possibly by epigenetic mechanisms. We have investigated the effect of folate deficiency on VSMCs in two cell culture systems representing early and late stages of smooth muscle cells differentiation. We find that folate deficiency promotes differentiation towards a more contractile phenotype as indicated by increased expression of respective marker genes. However, microarray analysis identified markers of striated muscle as the predominant gene expression change elicited by folate deficiency. These changes are not merely a reflection of cell cycle arrest, as foetal calf serum restriction or iron deficiency do not replicate the gene expression changes observed in response to folate deficiency. Folate deficiency only has a marginal effect on global DNA methylation. DNA methylation of CpG islands associated with genes regulated by folate deficiency remains unaffected. This supports our earlier findings in a mouse model system which also did not show any changes in global DNA methylation in response to folate and vitamin B6/B12 deficiency. These data suggest that folate deficiency enhances the expression of smooth muscle marker gene expression, promotes a shift towards a skeletal muscle phenotype, and does not regulate gene expression via DNA methylation.
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16
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Lei X, Zhong Y, Huang L, Li S, Fu J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Deng Q, Yu X. Identification of a novel tumor angiogenesis inhibitor targeting Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway in Non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:232. [PMID: 32286274 PMCID: PMC7156472 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Although angiogenesis inhibitors targeting VEGF/VEGFR2 have been applied for tumor therapy, the outcomes are still unsatisfactory. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel angiogenesis inhibitor for cancer therapy from new perspectives. Identification of novel angiogenesis inhibitor from natural products is believed to be one of most promising strategy. In this study, we showed that pristimerin, an active agent isolated from traditional Chinese herbal medicine Celastrus aculeatus Merr, was a novel tumor angiogenesis inhibitor that targeting sonic hedgehog (Shh)/glioma associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We showed that pristimerin affected both the early- and late-stage of angiogenesis, suggesting by that pristimerin inhibited Shh-induced endothelial cells proliferation, migration, invasion as well as pericytes recruitment to the endothelial tubes, which is critical for the new blood vessel maturation. It also suppressed tube formation, vessel sprouts formation and neovascularization in chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Moreover, it significantly decreased microvessel density (MVD) and pericyte coverage in NCI-H1299 xenografts, resulting in tumor growth inhibition. Further research revealed that pristimerin suppressed tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting the nucleus distribution of Gli1, leading to inactivation of Shh/Gli1 and its downstream signaling pathway. Taken together, our study showed that pristimerin was a promising novel anti-angiogenic agent for the NSCLC therapy and targeting Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway was an effective approach to suppress tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Lei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Songpei Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Jijun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiudi Deng
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences & the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China.
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Thellung S, Corsaro A, Bosio AG, Zambito M, Barbieri F, Mazzanti M, Florio T. Emerging Role of Cellular Prion Protein in the Maintenance and Expansion of Glioma Stem Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111458. [PMID: 31752162 PMCID: PMC6912268 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a membrane-anchored glycoprotein representing the physiological counterpart of PrP scrapie (PrPSc), which plays a pathogenetic role in prion diseases. Relatively little information is however available about physiological role of PrPC. Although PrPC ablation in mice does not induce lethal phenotypes, impairment of neuronal and bone marrow plasticity was reported in embryos and adult animals. In neurons, PrPC stimulates neurite growth, prevents oxidative stress-dependent cell death, and favors antiapoptotic signaling. However, PrPC activity is not restricted to post-mitotic neurons, but promotes cell proliferation and migration during embryogenesis and tissue regeneration in adult. PrPC acts as scaffold to stabilize the binding between different membrane receptors, growth factors, and basement proteins, contributing to tumorigenesis. Indeed, ablation of PrPC expression reduces cancer cell proliferation and migration and restores cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. Conversely, PrPC overexpression in cancer stem cells (CSCs) from different tumors, including gliomas—the most malignant brain tumors—is predictive for poor prognosis, and correlates with relapses. The mechanisms of the PrPC role in tumorigenesis and its molecular partners in this activity are the topic of the present review, with a particular focus on PrPC contribution to glioma CSCs multipotency, invasiveness, and tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Thellung
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna & Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.T.); (A.C.); (A.G.B.); (M.Z.); (F.B.)
| | - Alessandro Corsaro
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna & Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.T.); (A.C.); (A.G.B.); (M.Z.); (F.B.)
| | - Alessia G. Bosio
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna & Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.T.); (A.C.); (A.G.B.); (M.Z.); (F.B.)
| | - Martina Zambito
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna & Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.T.); (A.C.); (A.G.B.); (M.Z.); (F.B.)
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna & Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.T.); (A.C.); (A.G.B.); (M.Z.); (F.B.)
| | - Michele Mazzanti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (M.M.); Tel.: +39-01-0353-8806 (T.F.); +39-02-5031-4958 (M.M.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna & Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.T.); (A.C.); (A.G.B.); (M.Z.); (F.B.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (M.M.); Tel.: +39-01-0353-8806 (T.F.); +39-02-5031-4958 (M.M.)
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18
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Tang F, LeBlanc ME, Wang W, Liang D, Chen P, Chou TH, Tian H, Li W. Anti-secretogranin III therapy of oxygen-induced retinopathy with optimal safety. Angiogenesis 2019; 22:369-382. [PMID: 30644010 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with pathological retinal neovascularization is the most common cause of blindness in children. ROP is currently treated with laser therapy or cryotherapy, both of which may adversely affect the peripheral vision with limited efficacy. Owing to the susceptibility of the developing retina and vasculatures to pharmacological intervention, there is currently no approved drug therapy for ROP in preterm infants. Secretogranin III (Scg3) was recently discovered as a highly disease-restricted angiogenic factor, and a Scg3-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) was reported with high efficacy to alleviate oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in mice, a surrogate model of ROP. Herein we independently investigated the efficacy of anti-Scg3 mAb in OIR mice and characterized its safety in neonatal mice. We developed a new Scg3-neutralizing mAb recognizing a distinct epitope and independently established the therapeutic activity of anti-Scg3 therapy to alleviate OIR-induced pathological retinal neovascularization in mice. Importantly, anti-Scg3 mAb showed no detectable adverse effects on electroretinography and developing retinal vasculature. Furthermore, systemic anti-Scg3 mAb induced no renal tubular injury or abnormality in kidney vessel development and body weight gain of neonatal mice. In contrast, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug aflibercept showed significant side effects in neonatal mice. These results suggest that anti-Scg3 mAb may have the safety and efficacy profiles required for ROP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michelle E LeBlanc
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tsung-Han Chou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Zhu L, Xu J, Liu Y, Gong T, Liu J, Huang Q, Fischbach S, Zou W, Xiao X. Prion protein is essential for diabetic retinopathy-associated neovascularization. Angiogenesis 2018; 21:767-775. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Ong SH, Goh KW, Chieng CKL, Say YH. Cellular prion protein and γ-synuclein overexpression in LS 174T colorectal cancer cell drives endothelial proliferation-to-differentiation switch. PeerJ 2018. [PMID: 29527422 PMCID: PMC5844251 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-induced angiogenesis is an imperative event in pledging new vasculature for tumor metastasis. Since overexpression of neuronal proteins gamma-synuclein (γ-Syn) and cellular prion protein (PrPC) is always detected in advanced stages of cancer diseases which involve metastasis, this study aimed to investigate whether γ-Syn or PrPC overexpression in colorectal adenocarcinoma, LS 174T cells affects angiogenesis of endothelial cells, EA.hy 926 (EA). Methods EA cells were treated with conditioned media (CM) of LS 174T-γ-Syn or LS 174T-PrP, and their proliferation, invasion, migration, adhesion and ability to form angiogenic tubes were assessed using a range of biological assays. To investigate plausible background mechanisms in conferring the properties of EA cells above, nitrite oxide (NO) levels were measured and the expression of angiogenesis-related factors was assessed using a human angiogenesis antibody array. Results EA proliferation was significantly inhibited by LS 174T-PrP CM whereas its telomerase activity was reduced by CM of LS 174T-γ-Syn or LS 174T-PrP, as compared to EA incubated with LS 174T CM. Besides, LS 174T-γ-Syn CM or LS 174T-PrP CM inhibited EA invasion and migration in Boyden chamber assay. Furthermore, LS 174T-γ-Syn CM significantly inhibited EA migration in scratch wound assay. Gelatin zymography revealed reduced secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by EA treated with LS 174T-γ-Syn CM or LS 174T-PrP CM. In addition, cell adhesion assay showed lesser LS 174T-γ-Syn or LS 174T-PrP cells adhered onto EA, as compared to LS 174T. In tube formation assay, LS 174T-γ-Syn CM or LS 174T-PrP CM induced EA tube formation. Increased NO secretion by EA treated with LS 174T-γ-Syn CM or LS 174T-PrP CM was also detected. Lastly, decreased expression of pro-angiogenic factors like CXCL16, IGFBP-2 and amphiregulin in LS 174T-γ-Syn CM or LS 174T-PrP CM was detected using the angiogenesis antibody array. Discussion These results suggest that overexpression of γ-Syn or PrPC could possibly be involved in colorectal cancer-induced angiogenesis by inducing an endothelial proliferation-differentiation switch. NO could be the main factor in governing this switch, and modulation on the secretion patterns of angiogenesis-related proteins could be the strategy of colorectal cancer cells overexpressing γ-Syn or PrPC in ensuring this transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Hui Ong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Kai-Wey Goh
- Department of Engineering and Science, Centre for Foundation Studies, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Cornelius Kwang-Lee Chieng
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Yee-How Say
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
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Li W, Webster KA, LeBlanc ME, Tian H. Secretogranin III: a diabetic retinopathy-selective angiogenic factor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:635-647. [PMID: 28856381 PMCID: PMC5771826 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Secretogranin III (Scg3) is a member of the granin protein family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules. Scg3 was recently discovered as an angiogenic factor, expanding its functional role to extrinsic regulation. Unlike many other known angiogenic factors, the pro-angiogenic actions of Scg3 are restricted to pathological conditions. Among thousands of quantified endothelial ligands, Scg3 has the highest binding activity ratio to diabetic vs. healthy mouse retinas and lowest background binding to normal vessels. In contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor binds to and stimulates angiogenesis of both diabetic and control vasculature. Consistent with its role in pathological angiogenesis, Scg3-neutralizing antibodies alleviate retinal vascular leakage in mouse models of diabetic retinopathy and retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy mice. This review summarizes our current knowledge of Scg3 as a regulatory protein of secretory granules, highlights its new role as a highly disease-selective angiogenic factor, and envisions Scg3 inhibitors as "selective angiogenesis blockers" for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Keith A Webster
- Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Michelle E LeBlanc
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Everglades Biopharma, Miami, FL, 33156, USA
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Choi JU, Chung SW, Al-Hilal TA, Alam F, Park J, Mahmud F, Jeong JH, Kim SY, Byun Y. A heparin conjugate, LHbisD4, inhibits lymphangiogenesis and attenuates lymph node metastasis by blocking VEGF-C signaling pathway. Biomaterials 2017; 139:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gao Y, Li F, Zhou H, Yang Y, Wu R, Chen Y, Li W, Li Y, Xu X, Ke C, Pei Z. Down-regulation of MRPS23 inhibits rat breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71772-71781. [PMID: 29069745 PMCID: PMC5641088 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S23 (MRPS23) has been shown to be involved in breast cancer cell proliferation and metastatic phenotypes of cervical cancer. Here we investigated its biological features in breast cancer for the first time. It demonstrated that knockdown of MRPS23 reduced breast cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. Besides, shRNA targeting MRPS23 (shMRPS23) inhibited tumour proliferation and metastasis by blocking tumor angiogenesis in breast cancer xenograft rat model. Small animal positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 2′-deoxy-2′-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) was performed at four weeks after tumour cell injection. We found that FDG maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) significantly decreased by 31 ± 3% in the shMRPS23-treated group. But this change was not independent of metabolic tumour size. In addition, we also found that shMRPS23 could significantly suppress breast cancer metastasis through inhibiting epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. The epithelial marker E-cadherin was increased, whereas the metastasis associated gene vimentin was decreased. Mechanistically, shMRPS23-treated tumours failed to progress through p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 activation, but not cytochrome c-mediated pathway. These findings suggest that MRPS23 is a potential therapeutic target for interference of breast cancer proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Fuyan Li
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Ruimin Wu
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Yijia Chen
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Xueqin Xu
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Changbin Ke
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Zhijun Pei
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of medicine, Hubei, China
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Prion Protein Family Contributes to Tumorigenesis via Multiple Pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1018:207-224. [PMID: 29052140 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5765-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A wealth of evidence suggests that proteins from prion protein (PrP) family contribute to tumorigenesis in many types of cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), breast cancer, glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, melanoma, etc. It is well documented that PrP is a biomarker for PDAC, breast cancer, and gastric cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The major reasons for cancer cell-caused patient death are metastasis and multiple drug resistance, both of which connect to physiological functions of PrP expressing in cancer cells. PrP enhances tumorigenesis by multiple pathways. For example, PrP existed as pro-PrP in most of the PDAC cell lines, thus increasing cancer cell motility by binding to cytoskeletal protein filamin A (FLNa). Using PDAC cell lines BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 as model system, we identified that dysfunction of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor synthesis machinery resulted in the biogenesis of pro-PrP. In addition, in cancer cells without FLNa expression, pro-PrP can modify cytoskeleton structure by affecting cofilin/F-actin axis, thus influencing cancer cell movement. Besides pro-PrP, we showed that GPI-anchored unglycosylated PrP can elevate cell mobility by interacting with VEGFR2, thus stimulating cell migration under serum-free condition. Besides affecting cancer cell motility, overexpressed PrP or doppel (Dpl) in cancer cells has been shown to increase cell proliferation, multiple drug resistance, and angiogenesis, thus, proteins from PrP gene family by affecting important processes via multiple pathways for cancer cell growth exacerbating tumorigenesis.
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