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Zhao JZ, Ge YY, Xue LF, Xu YX, Yue J, Li C, Xiao WL. CA1 Modulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Follicle Stem Cells by Activating the BMP Signaling Pathway In Vitro. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024:10.1007/s13770-024-00642-4. [PMID: 38652220 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) has been found to be involved in osteogenesis and osteoclast in various human diseases, but the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we aim to use siRNA and lentivirus to reduce or increase the expression of CA1 in Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), in order to further elucidate the role and mechanism of CA1 in osteogenesis, and provide better osteogenic growth factors and stem cell selection for the application of bone tissue engineering in alveolar bone fracture transplantation. METHODS The study used RNA interference and lentiviral vectors to manipulate the expression of the CA1 gene in DFSCs during in vitro osteogenic induction. The expression of osteogenic marker genes was evaluated and changes in CA1, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP2) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB). The osteogenic effect was assessed through Alizarin Red staining. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression levels of CA1, ALP, RUNX2, and BMP2 decreased distinctly in the si-CA1 group than other groups (p < 0.05). In the Lentivirus-CA1 (LV-CA1) group, the mRNA and protein expressions of CA1, ALP, RUNX2, and BMP2 were amplified to varying degrees than other groups (p < 0.05). Apart from CA1, BMP2 (43.01%) and ALP (36.69%) showed significant upregulation (p < 0.05). Alizarin red staining indicated that the LV-CA1 group produced more calcified nodules than other groups, with a higher optical density (p < 0.05), and the osteogenic effect was superior. CONCLUSIONS CA1 can impact osteogenic differentiation via BMP related signaling pathways, positioning itself upstream in osteogenic signaling pathways, and closely linked to osteoblast calcification and ossification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ze Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Ying-Ying Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Ling-Fa Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Yao-Xiang Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Jin Yue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Wen-Lin Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China.
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Morsczeck C, De Pellegrin M, Reck A, Reichert TE. Evaluation of Current Studies to Elucidate Processes in Dental Follicle Cells Driving Osteogenic Differentiation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2787. [PMID: 37893160 PMCID: PMC10604663 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
When research on osteogenic differentiation in dental follicle cells (DFCs) began, projects focused on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. The BMP pathway induces the transcription factor DLX3, whichh in turn induces the BMP signaling pathway via a positive feedback mechanism. However, this BMP2/DLX3 signaling pathway only seems to support the early phase of osteogenic differentiation, since simultaneous induction of BMP2 or DLX3 does not further promote differentiation. Recent data showed that inhibition of classical protein kinase C (PKCs) supports the mineralization of DFCs and that osteogenic differentiation is sensitive to changes in signaling pathways, such as protein kinase B (PKB), also known as AKT. Small changes in the lipidome seem to confirm the participation of AKT and PKC in osteogenic differentiation. In addition, metabolic processes, such as fatty acid biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, or glycolysis, are essential for the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. This review article attempts not only to bring the various factors into a coherent picture of osteogenic differentiation in DFCs, but also to relate them to recent developments in other types of osteogenic progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Morsczeck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (A.R.); (T.E.R.)
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Different Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tissue Regeneration: A Guide to Identifying the Most Favorable One in Orthopedics and Dentistry Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116356. [PMID: 35683035 PMCID: PMC9181542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of regenerative medicine in various clinical applications depends on the appropriate selection of the source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Indeed, the source conditions, the quality and quantity of MSCs, have an influence on the growth factors, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and secrete bioactive factors of the regenerative milieu, thus influencing the clinical result. Thus, optimal source selection should harmonize this complex setting and ensure a well-personalized and effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from several sources, including bone marrow and adipose tissue, already used in orthopedic regenerative applications. In this sense, for bone, dental, and oral injuries, MSCs could provide an innovative and effective therapy. The present review aims to compare the properties (proliferation, migration, clonogenicity, angiogenic capacity, differentiation potential, and secretome) of MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and dental tissue to enable clinicians to select the best source of MSCs for their clinical application in bone and oral tissue regeneration to delineate new translational perspectives. A review of the literature was conducted using the search engines Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. An analysis of different publications showed that all sources compared (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs), and dental tissue mesenchymal stem cells (DT-MSCs)) are good options to promote proper migration and angiogenesis, and they turn out to be useful for gingival, dental pulp, bone, and periodontal regeneration. In particular, DT-MSCs have better proliferation rates and AT and G-MSC sources showed higher clonogenicity. MSCs from bone marrow, widely used in orthopedic regenerative medicine, are preferable for their differentiation ability. Considering all the properties among sources, BM-MSCs, AT-MSCs, and DT-MSCs present as potential candidates for oral and dental regeneration.
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Morsczeck C. Mechanisms during Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Dental Follicle Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115945. [PMID: 35682637 PMCID: PMC9180518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental follicle cells (DFCs) as periodontal progenitor cells are used for studies and research in regenerative medicine and not only in dentistry. Even if innovative regenerative therapies in medicine are often considered the main research area for dental stem cells, these cells are also very useful in basic research and here, for example, for the elucidation of molecular processes in the differentiation into mineralizing cells. This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms driving osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. The positive feedback loop of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 and homeobox protein DLX3 and a signaling pathway associated with protein kinase B (AKT) and protein kinase C (PKC) are presented and further insights related to other signaling pathways such as the WNT signaling pathway are explained. Subsequently, some works are presented that have investigated epigenetic modifications and non-coding ncRNAs and their connection with the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. In addition, studies are presented that have shown the influence of extracellular matrix molecules or fundamental biological processes such as cellular senescence on osteogenic differentiation. The putative role of factors associated with inflammatory processes, such as interleukin 8, in osteogenic differentiation is also briefly discussed. This article summarizes the most important insights into the mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation in DFCs and is intended to be a small help in the direction of new research projects in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Morsczeck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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5
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Aljohani H, Senbanjo LT, Al Qranei M, Stains JP, Chellaiah MA. Methylsulfonylmethane Increases the Alveolar Bone Density of Mandibles in Aging Female Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:708905. [PMID: 34671266 PMCID: PMC8521043 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.708905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory compound that effectively treats multiple degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis and acute pancreatitis. Our previous studies have demonstrated the ability of MSM to differentiate stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) teeth into osteoblast-like cells. This study examined the systemic effect of MSM in 36-week-old aging C57BL/6 female mice in vivo by injecting MSM for 13 weeks. Serum analyses showed an increase in expression levels of bone formation markers [osteocalcin (OCN) and procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)] and a reduction in bone resorption markers [tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collag (CTX-I)] in MSM-injected animals. Micro-computed tomographic images demonstrated an increase in trabecular bone density in mandibles. The trabecular bone density tended to be higher in the femur, although the increase was not significantly different between the MSM- and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-injected mice. In mandibles, an increase in bone density with a corresponding decrease in the marrow cavity was observed in the MSM-injected mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses of the mandibles for the osteoblast-specific marker - OCN, and the mesenchymal stem cell-specific marker - CD105 showed a significant increase and decrease in OCN and CD105 positive cells, respectively. Areas of bone loss were observed in the inter-radicular region of mandibles in control mice. However, this loss was considerably decreased due to stimulation of bone formation in response to MSM injection. In conclusion, our study has demonstrated the ability of MSM to induce osteoblast formation and function in vivo, resulting in increased bone formation in the mandible. Hence, the application of MSM and stem cells of interest may be the right combination in alveolar bone regeneration under periodontal or other related diseases that demonstrate bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Aljohani
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostics Sciences, School of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Linda T Senbanjo
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mohammed Al Qranei
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph P Stains
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Meenakshi A Chellaiah
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Morsczeck C, Reck A, Reichert TE. Short telomeres correlate with a strong induction of cellular senescence in human dental follicle cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:5. [PMID: 31041893 PMCID: PMC6448245 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental follicle cells (DFCs) are dental stem cells and interesting options for regenerative therapies in dentistry. However, DFCs acquire replicative senescence in long-term cultures, but little is known about molecular processes. In previous studies, we observed that DFC cell lines become senescent at different rates. We hypothesized that short telomere length and increased DNA damage with genomic instability correlate with the accelerated induction of cellular senescence. RESULTS For this study we compared DFC cell lines that became senescent at different rates (DFC_F: strong senescent phenotype; DFC_S: weak senescent phenotype). The telomeres of DFC_F were shorter than those of the telomeres of DFC_S prior senescence. Interestingly, telomere lengths of both cell lines were nearly unchanged after induction of senescence. Gene expression analyses with genes associated with DNA damage before and after the induction of cellular senescence revealed that almost all genes in DFCs_F were down-regulated while the gene expression in DFC_S was almost constitutive. Moreover, number of aneuploid DFC_F were significantly higher after induction of cellular senescence. CONCLUSION Our results supported our initial hypothesis that telomere length and genomic instability correlate with the accelerated induction of cellular senescence in DFC_F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Morsczeck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Anja Reck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Morsczeck C, Reck A, Reichert TE. WNT5A supports viability of senescent human dental follicle cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 455:21-28. [PMID: 30406314 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells (DFCs) is inhibited by the onset of cellular senescence, but the cause for this is largely unknown. Recently it was shown that WNT5a, which is an inductor of the non-canonical WNT pathway, stimulates both cellular senescence and osteogenic differentiation of different cell types. In this study, we investigated the role of WNT5a for viability and osteogenic differentiation in human DFCs after the induction of cellular senescence. DFCs were cultivated until the induction of cellular senescence. The induction of cellular senescence was confirmed by β-galactosidase staining, estimation of population doubling time, and slightly telomere length shortening. After induction of cellular senescence, the expression of WNT5A and the potential to induce the osteogenic differentiation decreased. Inhibition of WNT5A by specific siRNAs had significant effect on the viability of DFCs. Cell proliferation was reduced, whereas both cellular senescence and cell death were increased in DFCs. However, an inhibition of WNT5A did only slightly effect the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. Our results suggest that WNT5A supports viability during both cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Morsczeck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Anja Reck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Chen C, Zhang J, Ling J, Du Y, Hou Y. Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells into osteoblasts. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2403-2414. [PMID: 30106129 PMCID: PMC6192769 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle stem/progenitor cells have the potential to undergo osteogenesis. naked cuticle homolog 2 (Nkd2) is a signal-inducible feedback antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the function of Nkd2 in the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells (DFSCs) into osteoblasts. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were employed to detect Nkd2 expression in rat DFSCs. In addition, rat DFSCs (rDFSCs) were transfected with small interfering RNAs to examine the effect of Nkd2 on the differentiation of these cells into osteoblasts. Furthermore, the function of Nkd2 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in rDFSCs was investigated using β-catenin/T-cell factor luciferase activity assays and western blotting. It was revealed that the expression of Nkd2 was upregulated during the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts. Furthermore, osteoblast differentiation ability and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity were significantly decreased in Nkd2-silenced rDFSCs compared with the si-NC group (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). The results suggest that Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts through Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hu'nan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yuluan Hou
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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Morsczeck C, Reichert TE. Dental stem cells in tooth regeneration and repair in the future. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 18:187-196. [PMID: 29110535 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1402004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human dental stem cells can be obtained from postnatal teeth, extracted wisdom teeth or exfoliated deciduous teeth. Due to their differentiation potential, these mesenchymal stem cells are promising for tooth repair. Therefore, the development of dental tissue regeneration represents a suitable but challenging, target for dental stem cell therapies. Areas covered: Expert opinion: AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors provide an overview of human dental stem cells and their properties for regeneration medicine. Numerous preclinical studies have shown that dental stem cells improve bone augmentation and healing of periodontal diseases. Clinical trials are ongoing to validate the clinical feasibility of these approaches. Dental stem cells are also important for basic research. EXPERT OPINION Dental stem cells offer numerous advantages for tooth repair and regeneration. Data obtained from different studies are encouraging. In the next few years, investigations on dental stem cells in basic research, pre-clinical research and clinical studies will pave the way to optimizing patient-tailored treatments for repair and regeneration of dental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Morsczeck
- a Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery , Hospital of the University of Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
| | - Torsten E Reichert
- a Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery , Hospital of the University of Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
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Calciolari E, Mardas N, Dereka X, Anagnostopoulos AK, Tsangaris GT, Donos N. Protein expression during early stages of bone regeneration under hydrophobic and hydrophilic titanium domes. A pilot study. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:174-187. [PMID: 29063586 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is significant evidence that, during the early stages of osseointegration, moderately rough hydrophilic (SLActive) surfaces can accelerate osteogenesis and increase bone-to-implant contact in comparison to hydrophobic (SLA) surfaces. However, very little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms behind the influence that surface chemistry modifications to increase hydrophilicity determine on bone healing. The aim of this study was to describe for the first time the proteins and related signalling pathways expressed during early osseous healing stages under SLA and SLActive titanium domes for guided bone regeneration. MATERIAL AND METHODS One SLA and 1 SLActive dome with an internal diameter of 5.0 mm and a height of 3.0 mm were secured to the parietal bones of nine 6-month-old male New Zealand rabbits. Three animals were randomly euthanized at 4, 7 and 14 days and the newly formed tissues retrieved under the domes were analysed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. STRING and KEGG databases were applied for Gene Ontology and pathway analyses. RESULTS A different modulation of several pathways was detected between the 2 groups at all healing times. The main differences in the osseous healing response associated to the 2 surfaces were related to pathways involved in regulating the inflammatory response, differentiation of osteoblast precursors and skeletogenesis. At day 7, the highest number of proteins and the highest cellular activity were observed in both groups, although a more complex and articulated proteome in terms of cellular metabolism and signal transduction was observed in SLActive samples. CONCLUSION This is the first study describing the proteome expressed during early healing stages of guided bone regeneration and osseointegration. A combination of enhanced early osteogenic response and reduced inflammatory response were suggested for the hydrophilic group. Future studies are needed to corroborate these findings and explore the molecular effects of different titanium surfaces on the cascade of events taking place during bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Calciolari
- Centre for Clinical Oral Research, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.,Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Bart's & The London School of Dentistry & Medicine, London, UK
| | - N Mardas
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Bart's & The London School of Dentistry & Medicine, London, UK
| | - X Dereka
- Department of Periodontology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A K Anagnostopoulos
- Proteomics Research Unit, Centre of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G T Tsangaris
- Proteomics Research Unit, Centre of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - N Donos
- Centre for Clinical Oral Research, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.,Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Bart's & The London School of Dentistry & Medicine, London, UK
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Morsczeck C, Reck A, Reichert TE. WNT3A and the induction of the osteogenic differentiation in adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:489-494. [PMID: 28549605 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs) can easily be isolated, but the osteogenic differentiation potential is limited. To improve this differentiation potential, more investigations are required about signaling proteins for the induction of the osteogenic differentiation. This study focused on the WNT3A protein, because little is known about the canonical WNT signaling pathway and the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured for the evaluation of the osteogenic differentiation. WNT3A and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) were used for the activation and the inhibition of the canonical WNT signaling pathway, respectively. For control we manipulated the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway in ASCs with BMP2 and NOGGIN (BMP pathway inhibitor). WNT3A stimulated significantly the ALP activity in ASCs, while BMP2, DKK1 and NOGGIN did not induce highly the ALP activity in ASCs. Moreover, an osteogenic differentiation medium with dexamethasone and WNT3A increased the ALP activity, but the gene expression of osteoblast markers and the biomineralization after long-term cultures were not increased. In contrast, ASCs differentiated into adipocyte-like cells in all tested differentiation media. WNT3A did not repress the expression of the adipogenic transcription factor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG). In conclusion, WNT3A supports early stages such as the ALP activity, but it does neither improve later stages of the osteogenic differentiation nor it inhibits the genuine adipogenic differentiation of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Morsczeck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - A Reck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - T E Reichert
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Orimoto A, Kurokawa M, Handa K, Ishikawa M, Nishida E, Aino M, Mitani A, Ogawa M, Tsuji T, Saito M. F-spondin negatively regulates dental follicle differentiation through the inhibition of TGF-β activity. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 79:7-13. [PMID: 28282516 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE F-spondin is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that belongs to the thrombospondin type I repeat superfamily and is a negative regulator of bone mass. We have previously shown that f-spondin is specifically expressed in the dental follicle (DF), which gives rise to the periodontal ligament (PDL) during the tooth root formation stage. To investigate the molecular mechanism of PDL formation, we investigated the function of f-spondin in DF differentiation. DESIGN The expression patterning of f-spondin in the developing tooth germ was compared with that of periodontal ligament-related genes, including runx2, type I collagen and periostin, by in situ hybridization analysis. To investigate the function of f-spondin during periodontal ligament formation, an f-spondin adenovirus was infected into the bell stage of the developing tooth germ, and the effect on dental differentiation was analyzed. RESULTS F-spondin was specifically expressed in the DF of the developing tooth germ; by contrast, type I collagen, runx2 and periostin were expressed in the DF and in the alveolar bone. F-spondin-overexpresssing tooth germ exhibited a reduction in gene expression of periostin and type I collagen in the DF. By contrast, the knockdown of f-spondin in primary DF cells increased the expression of these genes. Treatment with recombinant f-spondin protein functionally inhibited periostin expression induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). CONCLUSION Our data indicated that f-spondin inhibits the differentiation of DF cells into periodontal ligament cells by inhibiting TGF-β. These data suggested that f-spondin negatively regulates PDL differentiation which may play an important role in the immature phenotype of DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Orimoto
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Misaki Kurokawa
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Keisuke Handa
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishikawa
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eisaku Nishida
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Aino
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Miho Ogawa
- Laboratory for Organ Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Laboratory for Organ Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Saito
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Klingelhöffer C, Codrin C, Ettl T, Reichert T, Morsczeck C. miRNA-101 supports the osteogenic differentiation in human dental follicle cells. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 72:47-50. [PMID: 27541634 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human dental follicle cells (DFCs) are genuine precursor cells of cementoblasts and alveolar bone osteoblasts. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of non-coding endogenous RNAs that silence gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNA101 actively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the role of miRNA101 during the osteogenic differentiation in DFCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS DFCs were isolated, cultivated and osteogenic differentiated in differentiation medium. Total RNA including miRNAs was isolated and the expression of miRNA101 was examined by real-time RT-PCRs. The expression of miRNA101 was induced by miRNA101-mimic transfection and the gene expression of osteogenic transcription factors was obtained by real-time RT-PCRs. Moreover the induction of the osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by the activity of alkaline phosphatase. RESULTS miRNA101 was regulated in DFCs during the osteogenic differentiation. After miRNA101-mimic transfection the alkaline phosphatase was increased and the gene expression of typical osteogenic transcription factors such as SP7 (osterix) was up-regulated. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that miRNA101 sustains the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Klingelhöffer
- Dept. of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Consuela Codrin
- Dept. of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Ettl
- Dept. of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Reichert
- Dept. of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Morsczeck
- Dept. of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Klingelhöffer C, Reck A, Ettl T, Morsczeck C. The parathyroid hormone-related protein is secreted during the osteogenic differentiation of human dental follicle cells and inhibits the alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of DLX3. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:334-9. [PMID: 27368119 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The dental follicle is involved in tooth eruption and it expresses a great amount of the parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). PTHrP as an extracellular protein is required for a multitude of different regulations of enchondral bone development and differentiation of bone precursor cells and of the development of craniofacial tissues. The dental follicle contains also precursor cells (DFCs) of the periodontium. Isolated DFCs differentiate into periodontal ligament cells, alveolar osteoblast and cementoblasts. However, the role of PTHrP during the human periodontal development remains elusive. Our study evaluated the influence of PTHrP on the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs under in vitro conditions for the first time. The PTHrP protein was highly secreted after 4days of the induction of the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs with dexamethasone (2160.5pg/ml±345.7SD. in osteogenic differentiation medium vs. 315.7pg/ml±156.2SD. in standard cell culture medium; Student's t Test: p<0.05 (n=3)). We showed that the supplementation of the osteogenic differentiation medium with PTHrP inhibited the alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of the transcription factor DLX3, but the depletion of PTHrP did not support the differentiation of DFCs. Previous studies have shown that Indian Hedgehog (IHH) induces PTHrP and that PTHrP, in turn, inhibits IHH via a negative feedback loop. We showed that SUFU (Suppressor Of Fused Homolog) was not regulated during the osteogenic differentiation in DFCs. So, neither the hedgehog signaling pathway induced PTHrP nor PTHrP suppressed the hedgehog signaling pathway during the osteogenic differentiation in DFCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that PTHrP regulates independently of the hedgehog signaling pathway the osteogenic differentiated in DFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Klingelhöffer
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Reck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - T Ettl
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Morsczeck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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15
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Li J, Li H, Tian Y, Yang Y, Chen G, Guo W, Tian W. Cytoskeletal binding proteins distinguish cultured dental follicle cells and periodontal ligament cells. Exp Cell Res 2015; 345:6-16. [PMID: 26708290 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human dental follicle cells (DFCs) and periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) derived from the ectomesenchymal tissue, have been shown to exhibit stem/progenitor cell properties and the ability to induce tissue regeneration. Stem cells in dental follicle differentiate into cementoblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts, these cells form cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, respectively. While stem cells in dental follicle are a precursor to periodontal ligament fibroblasts, the molecular changes that distinguish cultured DFCs from PDLCs are still unknown. In this study, we have compared the immunophenotypic features and cell cycle status of the two cell lines. The results suggest that DFCs and PDLCs displayed similar features related to immunophenotype and cell cycle. Then we employed an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomics strategy to reveal the molecular differences between the two cell types. A total of 2138 proteins were identified and 39 of these proteins were consistently differentially expressed between DFCs and PDLCs. Gene ontology analyses revealed that the protein subsets expressed higher in PDLCs were related to actin binding, cytoskeletal protein binding, and structural constituent of muscle. Upon validation by real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) and caldesmon 1 (CALD1) were expressed higher in PDLCs than in DFCs. Our results suggested that PDLCs display enhanced actin cytoskeletal dynamics relative to DFCs while DFCs may exhibit a more robust antioxidant defense ability relative to PDLCs. This study expands our knowledge of the cultured DFCs and PDLCs proteome and provides new insights into possible mechanisms responsible for the different biological features observed in each cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaling Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Pedodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Weidong Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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16
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Viale-Bouroncle S, Gosau M, Morsczeck C. Collagen I induces the expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin via independent activations of FAK and ERK signalling pathways. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:1249-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Liu J, Wang L, Liu W, Li Q, Jin Z, Jin Y. Dental follicle cells rescue the regenerative capacity of periodontal ligament stem cells in an inflammatory microenvironment. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108752. [PMID: 25275580 PMCID: PMC4183515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are one of the best candidates for periodontal regeneration. Their function could be impaired in periodontitis microenvironment. Dental follicle cells (DFCs), serving as precursor cells and mesenchymal stem cells, have intimate connection with PDLSCs. However, it is still unknown whether DFCs could provide a favorable microenvironment to improve the proliferation and differentiation capacity of PDLSCs from healthy subjects (HPDLSCs) and patients diagnosed with periodontitis (PPDLSCs). Methods HPDLSCs, PPDLSCs and DFCs were harvested and identified using microscopic and flow cytometric analysis. Then, the coculture systems of DFCs/HPDLSCs and DFCs/PPDLSCs were established with 0.4 µm transwell, in which all the detection indexs were obtained from HPDLSCs and PPDLSCs. The expression of stemness-associated genes was detected by real-time PCR, and the proliferation ability was assessed using colony formation and cell cycle assays. The osteogenic differentiation capacity was evaluated by real-time PCR, western blot, ALP activity, Alizarin Red S staining and calcium level analysis, while the adipogenic differentiation capacity was determined by real-time PCR and Oil Red O staining. The cell sheet formation in vitro was observed by HE staining and SEM, and the implantation effect in vivo was evaluated using HE staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. Results PPDLSCs had a greater proliferation capability but lower osteogenic and adipogenic potential than HPDLSCs. DFCs enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of HPDLSCs and PPDLSCs to different degrees. Moreover, coculture with DFCs increased cell layers and extracellular matrix of HPDLSCs/PPDLSCs cell sheets in vitro and improved periodontal regeneration by HPDLSCs/PPDLSCs in vivo. Conclusions Our data suggest that the function of PPDLSCs could be damaged in the periodontitis microenvironment. DFCs appear to enhance the self-renewal and multi-differentiation capacity of both HPDLSCs and PPDLSCs, which indicates that DFCs could provide a beneficial microenvironment for periodontal regeneration using PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General Dentistry & Emergency, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (ZJ); (YJ)
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (ZJ); (YJ)
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18
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Laminin regulates the osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells via integrin-α2/-β1 and the activation of the FAK/ERK signaling pathway. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 357:345-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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A Site-Specific Phosphorylation of the Focal Adhesion Kinase Controls the Formation of Spheroid Cell Clusters. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:1199-205. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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20
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NOTCH1 signaling regulates the BMP2/DLX-3 directed osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:500-4. [PMID: 24321094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dental follicle cells (DFCs) are dental stem/progenitor cells and the genuine precursors of alveolar osteoblasts and dental cementoblasts. A previous study showed that the transcription factor DLX3 (distal less homeobox 3) supports the osteogenic differentiation in DFCs via a positive feedback loop with the bone morghogenetic protein (BMP) 2. Until today, however, the control of this BMP2/DLX3 pathway by additional signaling pathways remains elusive. Previous studies also suggested that the NOTCH signaling pathway plays a role in the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. In this study we showed that DLX3 overexpression and the initiation of the osteogenic differentiation by BMP2 or dexamethasone induced the NOTCH signaling pathway in DFCs. However, the induction of NOTCH-signaling impaired not only the osteogenic differentiation (ALP activity and mineralized nodules) but also the expression of the transcription factor DLX3 and the activation of the BMP-signaling pathway. So, NOTCH signaling plays a regulatory role for the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. In conclusion, results of our study suggest that the NOTCH-signaling pathway, which is activated during the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs, regulates the BMP2/DLX3 directed differentiation of DFCs via a negative feed-back loop.
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21
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Rezende TMB, Lima SMF, Petriz BA, Silva ON, Freire MS, Franco OL. Dentistry proteomics: From laboratory development to clinical practice. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:2271-84. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taia M. B. Rezende
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
- Curso de Odontologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Stella M. F. Lima
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
- Curso de Odontologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Bernardo A. Petriz
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Osmar N. Silva
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Mirna S. Freire
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Octávio L. Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia; Universidade Católica de Brasília; Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
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22
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Gosau M, Götz W, Felthaus O, Ettl T, Jäger A, Morsczeck C. Comparison of the differentiation potential of neural crest derived progenitor cells from apical papilla (dNC-PCs) and stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) into mineralising cells. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 58:699-706. [PMID: 23261253 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, cells from the apical papilla of retained human third molars (dental neural crest-derived progenitor cells, dNC-PCs) have been isolated and characterised as multipotent progenitor cells. Nonetheless, molecular processes during differentiation into mineralising cells are still unknown. This study evaluated the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of dNC-PCs under in vitro conditions and compared these cells with already known odontoblast precursor cells (dental stem cells from exfoliated human deciduous teeth, SHED). METHODS The differentiation of dNC-PCs and SHED under in vitro conditions was verified by Alizarin red staining (mineralisation), alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of osteogenic/odontogenic markers (RT-PCRs). The genome wide expression-profiles were investigated with Affymetrix DNA-microarrays and the cell migration with a gel spot cell migration assay. RESULTS In our study dNC-PCs differentiated like SHED in mineralising cells. The expression of odontoblast markers suggested that dNC-PCs and SHED differentiated into different types of odontoblasts. This supposition was supported by genome wide gene expression profiles of dNC-PCs and SHED after cell differentiation. Typical biological processes of undifferentiated cells, for example "mitosis", were regulated in dNC-PCs. In SHED biological processes like "response to wounding" or "cell migration" were regulated, which are associated with replacement odontoblasts and their precursors. Moreover, a gel-spot assay revealed that SHED migrated faster than dNC-PCs. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dNC-PCs are precursors for primary odontoblasts, whereas SHED differentiate into replacement odontoblasts. These different odontogenic differentiation potentials of dNC-PCs and SHED have to be considered for cellular therapies and tissue engineering approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gosau
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany.
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23
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Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli but not from Porphyromonas gingivalis induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and alkaline phosphatase in dental follicle cells. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57:1595-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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24
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Viale-Bouroncle S, Gosau M, Küpper K, Möhl C, Brockhoff G, Reichert TE, Schmalz G, Ettl T, Morsczeck C. Rigid matrix supports osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Differentiation 2012; 84:366-70. [PMID: 23142732 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell fate can be induced by the grade of stiffness of the extracellular matrix, depending on the developed tissue or complex tissues. For example, a rigid extracellular matrix induces the osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), while a softer surface induces the osteogenic differentiation in dental follicle cells (DFCs). To determine whether differentiation of ectomesenchymal dental precursor cells is supported by similar grades of extracellular matrices (ECMs) stiffness, we examined the influence of the surface stiffness on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Cell proliferation of SHED was significantly decreased on cell culture surfaces with a muscle-like stiffness. A dexamethasone-based differentiation medium induced the osteogenic differentiation of SHED on substrates of varying mechanical stiffness. Here, the hardest surface improved the induction of osteogenic differentiation in comparison to that with the softest stiffness. In conclusion, our study showed that the osteogenic differentiation of ectomesenchymal dental precursor cells SHED and DFCs are not supported by similar grades of ECM stiffness.
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