1
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Nannini G, Di Gloria L, Russo E, Sterrantino G, Kiros ST, Coppi M, Niccolai E, Baldi S, Ramazzotti M, Di Pilato V, Lagi F, Bartolucci G, Rossolini GM, Bartoloni A, Amedei A. Oral microbiota signatures associated with viremia and CD4 recovery in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected patients. Microbes Infect 2024:105339. [PMID: 38636822 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few reports focused on the role of oral microbiome diversity in HIV infection. We characterized the microbiota-immunity axis in a cohort of treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) focusing on the oral microbiome (OM) and immunological responsivity. METHODS The sequencing of 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable region was performed on salivary samples of 15 healthy control (HC) and 12 HIV+ patients before starting ART and after reaching virological suppression. Then, we correlated the OM composition with serum cytokines and the Short Chain Fatty acids (SCFAs). RESULTS The comparison between HIV patients and HC oral microbiota showed differences in the bacterial α-diversity and richness. We documented a negative correlation between oral Prevotella and intestinal valeric acid at before starting ART and a positive correlation between oral Veillonella and gut acetic acid after reaching virological suppression. Finally, an increase in the phylum Proteobacteria was observed comparing saliva samples of immunological responders (IRs) patients against immunological non-responders (INRs). CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we described an increase in the oral pro-inflammatory Proteobacteria phylum in INRs compared to IRs. We provided more evidence that saliva could be a non-invasive and less expensive approach for research involving the oral cavity microbiome in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Leandro Di Gloria
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Gaetana Sterrantino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Coppi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Lagi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy.
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2
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Li S, Su B, Wu H, He Q, Zhang T. Integrated analysis of gut and oral microbiome in men who have sex with men with HIV Infection. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0106423. [PMID: 37850756 PMCID: PMC10714972 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01064-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Our longitudinal integrated study has shown the marked alterations in the gut and oral microbiome resulting from acute and chronic HIV infection and from antiretroviral therapy. Importantly, the relationship between oral and gut microbiomes in people living with acute and chronic HIV infection and "healthy" controls has also been explored. These findings might contribute to a better understanding of the interactions between the oral and gut microbiomes and its potential role in HIV disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushui He
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Guo X, Wang Z, Qu M, Guo Y, Yu M, Hong W, Zhang C, Fan X, Song J, Xu R, Zhang J, Huang H, Linghu E, Wang FS, Sun L, Jiao YM. Abnormal blood microbiota profiles are associated with inflammation and immune restoration in HIV/AIDS individuals. mSystems 2023; 8:e0046723. [PMID: 37698407 PMCID: PMC10654078 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00467-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The characteristics of blood microbiota in HIV-infected individuals and their relevance to disease progression are still unknown, despite alterations in gut microbiota diversity and composition in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we present evidence of increased blood microbiota diversity in HIV-infected individuals, which may result from gut microbiota translocation. Also, we identify a group of microbes, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella sp. CAG:5226, Eubacterium sp. CAG:251, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Prevotella sp. AM34-19LB, and Phocaeicola plebeius, which are linked to poor immunological recovery. This work provides a scientific foundation toward therapeutic strategies targeting blood microbiota for immune recovery of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Guo
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zerui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Qu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntian Guo
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Minrui Yu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Hong
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwen Song
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huihuang Huang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Jiao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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4
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Kato I, Zhang J, Sun J. Bacterial-Viral Interactions in Human Orodigestive and Female Genital Tract Cancers: A Summary of Epidemiologic and Laboratory Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:425. [PMID: 35053587 PMCID: PMC8773491 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites, have been linked to pathogenesis of human cancers, whereas viruses and bacteria account for more than 99% of infection associated cancers. The human microbiome consists of not only bacteria, but also viruses and fungi. The microbiome co-residing in specific anatomic niches may modulate oncologic potentials of infectious agents in carcinogenesis. In this review, we focused on interactions between viruses and bacteria for cancers arising from the orodigestive tract and the female genital tract. We examined the interactions of these two different biological entities in the context of human carcinogenesis in the following three fashions: (1) direct interactions, (2) indirect interactions, and (3) no interaction between the two groups, but both acting on the same host carcinogenic pathways, yielding synergistic or additive effects in human cancers, e.g., head and neck cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, and cervical cancer. We discuss the progress in the current literature and summarize the mechanisms of host-viral-bacterial interactions in various human cancers. Our goal was to evaluate existing evidence and identify gaps in the knowledge for future directions in infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- UIC Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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5
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Perez Rosero E, Heron S, Jovel J, O'Neil CR, Turvey SL, Parashar P, Elahi S. Differential Signature of the Microbiome and Neutrophils in the Oral Cavity of HIV-Infected Individuals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:780910. [PMID: 34858437 PMCID: PMC8630784 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.780910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV infection is associated with a wide range of changes in microbial communities and immune cell components of the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral microbiome in relationship to oral neutrophils in HIV-infected compared to healthy individuals. We evaluated oral washes and saliva samples from HIV-infected individuals (n=52) and healthy controls (n=43). Using 16S-rRNA gene sequencing, we found differential β-diversity using Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) with Bray-Curtis distances. The α-diversity analysis by Faith’s, Shannon, and observed OTUs indexes indicated that the saliva samples from HIV-infected individuals harbored significantly richer bacterial communities compared to the saliva samples from healthy individuals. Notably, we observed that five species of Spirochaeta including Spirochaetaceae, Spirochaeta, Treponema, Treponema amylovorum, and Treponema azotonutricum were significantly abundant. In contrast, Helicobacter species were significantly reduced in the saliva of HIV-infected individuals. Moreover, we found a significant reduction in the frequency of oral neutrophils in the oral cavity of HIV-infected individuals, which was positively related to their CD4+ T cell count. In particular, we noted a significant decline in CD44 expressing neutrophils and the intensity of CD44 expression on oral neutrophils of HIV-infected individuals. This observation was supported by the elevation of soluble CD44 in the saliva of HIV-infected individuals. Overall, the core oral microbiome was distinguishable between HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy compared to the HIV-negative group. The observed reduction in oral neutrophils might likely be related to the low surface expression of CD44, resulting in a higher bacterial diversity and richness in HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha Heron
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Juan Jovel
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Conar R O'Neil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shannon Lee Turvey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Pallavi Parashar
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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6
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Salivary microbial diversity at different stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Microb Pathog 2021; 155:104913. [PMID: 33915204 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) disrupts the host microbial balance. During disease progression, the oral microbial environment is altered in untreated people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA); however, no studies have reported changes in salivary microbial diversity during different stages of HIV infection. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the relationships between immune dysfunction and changes in saliva microbiota. To this end, we collected saliva samples from 11 HIV-negative individuals and 44 PLWHA during different stages based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria (stage 0, early stage during the first 6 months after infection; stages 1, 2, and 3 associated with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts of ≥500, 200-499, and ≤200 or opportunistic infection, respectively). We analyzed salivary microbial community diversity using polymerase chain reaction amplification and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We found that HIV-positive individuals had significantly greater alpha-diversity in the microbial community composition compared with HIV-negative controls (P < 0.05) except for AIDS (stage 3); however, the predominant salivary microbiota in the five groups remained similar. Porphyromonas in the four positive groups was the only genus that was significantly less abundant in the HIV-positive groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). There were some consistencies between the general abundance of salivary microbiota and AIDS disease progression. Lots of bacterial abundances in the saliva increased dramatically during the acute HIV infection (stage 0), and some of the negligible and abnormally proliferating bacteria in the asymptomatic stage showed a downward trend. Additionally, in the AIDS stage, partial inhibition was observed. Notably, Porphyromonas was closely related to the immune activation of HIV, showing a decline in abundance once infected with HIV. Solobacterium, which induces inflammation, was negatively correlated with CD4 counts. Overall, our findings provided important insights into changes in salivary microbial diversity in PLWHA.
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7
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Dai L, Barrett L, Plaisance-Bonstaff K, Post SR, Qin Z. Porphyromonas gingivalis coinfects with KSHV in oral cavities of HIV+ patients and induces viral lytic reactivation. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3862-3867. [PMID: 32436999 PMCID: PMC7679274 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection causes several human cancers, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), one of the most common AIDS-associated tumors. The involvement of the oral cavity represents one common clinical manifestation of AIDS-KS individuals with periodontal diseases and an oral carriage of a variety of pathogenic bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis. In the current study, we report the clinical relevance of P. gingivalis and KSHV coinfection in the oral cavity of a cohort of HIV+ patients. Furthermore, we found that P. gingivalis conditioned medium or derived lipopolysaccharide effectively induced KSHV lytic reactivation from infected oral cells. This reactivation requires TLR4 as well as the activities of p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase- mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Our findings reveal the mechanisms through which coinfected periodontal pathogens potentially promote oncogenic virus pathogenesis in the unique niche of immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Lindsey Barrett
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff
- Departments of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Steven R. Post
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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8
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Yang X, Niu L, Pan Y, Feng X, Liu J, Guo Y, Pan C, Geng F, Tang X. LL-37-Induced Autophagy Contributed to the Elimination of Live Porphyromonas gingivalis Internalized in Keratinocytes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:561761. [PMID: 33178622 PMCID: PMC7593823 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.561761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), one of the most important pathogens of periodontitis, is closely associated with the aggravation and recurrence of periodontitis and systemic diseases. Antibacterial peptide LL-37, transcribed from the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene, exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and regulates the immune system. In this study, we demonstrated that LL-37 reduced the number of live P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277) in HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner via an antibiotic-protection assay. LL-37 promoted autophagy of HaCaT cells internalized with P. gingivalis. Inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) weakened the inhibitory effect of LL-37 on the number of intracellular P. gingivalis. A cluster of orthologous groups (COGs) and a gene ontology (GO) functional analysis were used to individually assign 65 (10%) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to an "Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport" cluster and 306 (47.08%) DEGs to metabolic processes including autophagy. Autophagy-related genes, a tripartite motif-containing 22 (TRIM22), and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) were identified as potentially involved in LL-37-induced autophagy. Finally, bioinformatics software was utilized to construct and predict the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of CAMP-TRIM22/LAMP3-Autophagy. The findings indicated that LL-37 can reduce the quantity of live P. gingivalis internalized in HaCaT cells by promoting autophagy in these cells. The transcriptome sequencing and analysis also revealed the potential molecular pathway of LL-37-induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Niu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianghui Feng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Center of Science Experiment, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunling Pan
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengxue Geng
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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9
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The Role of the Microbiome in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Insight into the Microbiome-Treatment Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218061. [PMID: 33137960 PMCID: PMC7662318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the leading presentations of head and neck cancer (HNC). The first part of this review will describe the highlights of the oral microbiome in health and normal development while demonstrating how both the oral and gut microbiome can map OSCC development, progression, treatment and the potential side effects associated with its management. We then scope the dynamics of the various microorganisms of the oral cavity, including bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi, archaea and viruses, and describe the characteristic roles they may play in OSCC development. We also highlight how the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) may impinge on the host microbiome and increase the burden of oral premalignant lesions and OSCC in patients with HIV. Finally, we summarise current insights into the microbiome–treatment axis pertaining to OSCC, and show how the microbiome is affected by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and also how these therapies are affected by the state of the microbiome, potentially determining the success or failure of some of these treatments.
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10
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Ryder MI, Shiboski C, Yao TJ, Moscicki AB. Current trends and new developments in HIV research and periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82:65-77. [PMID: 31850628 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of combined antiretroviral therapies, the face of HIV infection has changed dramatically from a disease with almost certain mortality from serious comorbidities, to a manageable chronic condition with an extended lifespan. In this paper we present the more recent investigations into the epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases in patients with HIV, and the effects of combined antiretroviral therapies on the incidence and progression of these diseases both in adults and perinatally infected children. In addition, comparisons and potential interactions between the HIV-associated microbiome, host responses, and pathogenesis in the oral cavity with the gastrointestinal tract and other areas of the body are presented. Also, the effects of HIV and combined antiretroviral therapies on comorbidities such as hyposalivation, dementia, and osteoporosis on periodontal disease progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark I Ryder
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Caroline Shiboski
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tzy-Jyun Yao
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research (CBAR), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna-Barbara Moscicki
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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11
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Hu X, Niu L, Ma C, Huang Y, Yang X, Shi Y, Pan C, Liu J, Wang H, Li Q, Geng F, Tang X. Calcitriol decreases live
Porphyromonas gingivalis
internalized into epithelial cells and monocytes by promoting autophagy. J Periodontol 2019; 91:956-966. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
- Department of Pediatric DentistryShenyang Stomatological Hospital Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Li Niu
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Chunliang Ma
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Yuehua Huang
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
- Department of PeriodontologyHangzhou Dental Hospital Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Yakun Shi
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Chunling Pan
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Fengxue Geng
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyChina Medical University Shenyang Liaoning Province China
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12
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Dong XH, Ho MH, Liu B, Hildreth J, Dash C, Goodwin JS, Balasubramaniam M, Chen CH, Xie H. Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles in oral mucosal transmission of HIV. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8812. [PMID: 29891956 PMCID: PMC5995904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between mucosal microbiota and HIV-1 infection has garnered great attention in the field of HIV-1 research. Previously, we reported a receptor-independent HIV-1 entry into epithelial cells mediated by a Gram-negative invasive bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Here, we present evidence showing that P. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) promote mucosal transmission of HIV-1. We demonstrated, using the Dynabeads technology, a specific interaction between HIV-1 and P. gingivalis OMVs which led to an OMV-dependent viral entry into oral epithelial cells. HIV-1 was detected in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) after a 20 minute exposure to the HIV-vesicle complexes. After entry, most of the complexes appeared to dissociate, HIV-1 was reverse-transcribed, and viral DNA was integrated into the genome of HOKs. Meanwhile, some of the complexes exited the original host and re-entered neighboring HOKs and permissive cells of HIV-1. Moreover, P. gingivalis vesicles enhanced HIV-1 infection of MT4 cells at low infecting doses that are not able to establish an efficient infection alone. These findings suggest that invasive bacteria and their OMVs with ability to interact with HIV-1 may serve as a vehicle to translocate HIV through the mucosa, establish mucosal transmission of HIV-1, and enhance HIV-1 infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hong Dong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027,, USA
| | - Meng-Hsuan Ho
- School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | - Bindong Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027,, USA
| | - James Hildreth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027,, USA
| | - Chandravanu Dash
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | - J Shawn Goodwin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | | | - Chin-Ho Chen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Hua Xie
- School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA.
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Ho MH, Lamont RJ, Xie H. A novel peptidic inhibitor derived from Streptococcus cristatus ArcA attenuates virulence potential of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16217. [PMID: 29176569 PMCID: PMC5701168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a global health problem and the 6th most common infectious disease worldwide. Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a keystone pathogen in the disease and is capable of elevating the virulence potential of the periodontal microbial community. Strategies that interfere with P. gingivalis colonization and expression of virulence factor are therefore attractive approaches for preventing and treating periodontitis. We have previously reported that an 11-mer peptide (SAPP) derived from Streptococcus cristatus arginine deiminase (ArcA) was able to repress the expression and production of several well-known P. gingivalis virulence factors including fimbrial proteins and gingipains. Herein we expand and develop these studies to ascertain the impact of this peptide on phenotypic properties of P. gingivalis related to virulence potential. We found that growth rate was not altered by exposure of P. gingivalis to SAPP, while monospecies and heterotypic biofilm formation, and invasion of oral epithelial cells were inhibited. Additionally, SAPP was able to impinge the ability of P. gingivalis to dysregulate innate immunity by repressing gingipain-associated degradation of interleukin-8 (IL8). Hence, SAPP has characteristics that could be exploited for the manipulation of P. gingivalis levels in oral communities and preventing realization of virulence potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Ho
- Department of Oral Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Oral Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
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14
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Ahn SH, Song JE, Kim S, Cho SH, Lim YK, Kook JK, Kook MS, Lee TH. NOX1/2 activation in human gingival fibroblasts by Fusobacterium nucleatum facilitates attachment of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Arch Microbiol 2016; 198:573-83. [PMID: 27071620 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are infectious polymicrobial inflammatory diseases that lead to destruction of the periodontal ligament, gingiva, and alveolar bone. Sequential colonization of a broad range of bacteria, including Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, is an important phenomenon in this disease model. F. nucleatum is a facultative anaerobic species thought to be a key mediator of dental plaque maturation due to its extensive coaggregation with other oral bacteria, while P. gingivalis is an obligate anaerobic species that induces gingival inflammation by secreting various virulence factors. The formation of a bacterial complex by these two species is central to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during bacterial infections and are involved in intracellular signaling. However, the impact of oral bacteria-induced ROS on the ecology of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis has yet to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated ROS production induced in primary human oral cells by F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis and its effect on the formation of their bacterial complexes and further host cell apoptosis. We found that in primary human gingival fibroblasts (GFs), two NADPH oxidase isoforms, NOX1 and NOX2, were activated in response to F. nucleatum infection but not P. gingivalis infection. Accordingly, increased NADPH oxidase activity and production of superoxide anion were observed in GFs after F. nucleatum infection, but not after P. gingivalis infection. Interestingly, in NOX1, NOX2, or NOX1/NOX2 knockdown cells, the number of P. gingivalis decreased when the cells were coinfected with F. nucleatum. A similar pattern of host cell apoptosis was observed. This implies that F. nucleatum contributes to attachment of P. gingivalis by triggering activation of NADPH oxidase in host cells, which may provide an environment more favorable to strict anaerobic bacteria and have a subsequent effect on apoptosis of host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Ahn
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Song
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhee Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyong Lim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Ki Kook
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Kook
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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15
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High Expression of Antiviral Proteins in Mucosa from Individuals Exhibiting Resistance to Human Immunodeficiency Virus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131139. [PMID: 26091527 PMCID: PMC4474690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several soluble factors have been reported to have the capacity of inhibiting HIV replication at different steps of the virus life cycle, without eliminating infected cells and through enhancement of specific cellular mechanisms. Yet, it is unclear if these antiviral factors play a role in the protection from HIV infection or in the control of viral replication. Here we evaluated two cohorts: i) one of 58 HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (HESNs) who were compared with 59 healthy controls (HCs), and ii) another of 13 HIV-controllers who were compared with 20 HIV-progressors. Peripheral blood, oral and genital mucosa and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) samples were obtained to analyze the mRNA expression of ELAFIN, APOBEC3G, SAMHD1, TRIM5α, RNase 7 and SerpinA1 using real-time PCR. RESULTS HESNs exhibited higher expression of all antiviral factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), oral or genital mucosa when compared with HCs. Furthermore, HIV-controllers exhibited higher levels of SerpinA1 in GALT. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the activity of these factors is compartmentalized and that these proteins have a predominant role depending on the tissue to avoid the infection, reduce the viral load and modulate the susceptibility to HIV infection.
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Nobbs AH, Jenkinson HF. Interkingdom networking within the oral microbiome. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:484-92. [PMID: 25805401 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Different sites within the oropharynx harbour unique microbial communities. Co-evolution of microbes and host has resulted in complex interkingdom circuitries. Metabolic signalling is crucial to these processes, and novel microbial communication factors are progressively being discovered. Resolving interkingdom networks will lead to better understanding of oral health or disease aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela H Nobbs
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
| | - Howard F Jenkinson
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
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