1
|
Lanzillotti C, Iaquinta MR, De Pace R, Mosaico M, Patergnani S, Giorgi C, Tavoni M, Dapporto M, Sprio S, Tampieri A, Montesi M, Martini F, Mazzoni E. Osteosarcoma cell death induced by innovative scaffolds doped with chemotherapeutics. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31256. [PMID: 38591855 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) cancer treatments include systemic chemotherapy and surgical resection. In the last years, novel treatment approaches have been proposed, which employ a drug-delivery system to prevent offside effects and improves treatment efficacy. Locally delivering anticancer compounds improves on high local concentrations with more efficient tumour-killing effect, reduced drugs resistance and confined systemic effects. Here, the synthesis of injectable strontium-doped calcium phosphate (SrCPC) scaffold was proposed as drug delivery system to combine bone tissue regeneration and anticancer treatment by controlled release of methotrexate (MTX) and doxorubicin (DOX), coded as SrCPC-MTX and SrCPC-DOX, respectively. The drug-loaded cements were tested in an in vitro model of human OS cell line SAOS-2, engineered OS cell line (SAOS-2-eGFP) and U2-OS. The ability of doped scaffolds to induce OS cell death and apoptosis was assessed analysing cell proliferation and Caspase-3/7 activities, respectively. To determine if OS cells grown on doped-scaffolds change their migratory ability and invasiveness, a wound-healing assay was performed. In addition, the osteogenic potential of SrCPC material was evaluated using human adipose derived-mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenic markers such as (i) the mineral matrix deposition was analysed by alizarin red staining; (ii) the osteocalcin (OCN) protein expression was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, and (iii) the osteogenic process was studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction array. The delivery system induced cell-killing cytotoxic effects and apoptosis in OS cell lines up to Day 7. SrCPC demonstrates a good cytocompatibility and it induced upregulation of osteogenic genes involved in the skeletal development pathway, together with OCN protein expression and mineral matrix deposition. The proposed approach, based on the local, sustained release of anticancer drugs from nanostructured biomimetic drug-loaded cements is promising for future therapies aiming to combine bone regeneration and anticancer local therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lanzillotti
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Pace
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Mosaico
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Laboratories of Cell Signalling, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratories of Cell Signalling, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Tavoni
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (ISSMC-CNR, former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Dapporto
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (ISSMC-CNR, former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (ISSMC-CNR, former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (ISSMC-CNR, former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy (ISSMC-CNR, former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zalewska EA, Ławicka R, Grygorczuk P, Nowosielska M, Kicman A, Ławicki S. Importance of Metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in the Diagnosis of Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2721. [PMID: 38473967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex condition. Left untreated, it leads to tooth loss and the need for prosthetic treatment. The incidence of periodontitis is steadily increasing, so new methods are being sought to aid in the diagnosis of the disease. Among the methods postulated is the determination of concentrations of bioactive compounds which include extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These enzymes are present in various structural elements of the stomatognathic system. The most promising enzyme of this group appears to be metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8). MMP-8 assays are performed in gingival fluid or saliva, and MMP-8 levels have been shown to be higher in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and correlated with some clinical parameters of the condition and the severity of the disease. In addition, the preliminary usefulness of this enzyme in evaluating the effectiveness of periodontal treatment and doxycycline therapy has been demonstrated. Determination of the active form of MMP-8 (aMMP-8) in oral rinse fluid using off-the-shelf assays shows the highest potential. Despite reports about aMMP-8 and promising data on the role of MMP-8 in periodontal diagnosis, a clear determination of the usefulness of this enzyme requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Ławicka
- The "Karedent" Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1/u3, 15-006 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Grygorczuk
- The "Karedent" Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1/u3, 15-006 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nowosielska
- Department of Gerostomatology, Medical University of Białystok, Akademicka 3, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kicman
- Department of Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Akademicka 3, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ławicki
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Varadinkova S, Oralova V, Clarke M, Frampton J, Knopfova L, Lesot H, Bartos P, Matalova E. Expression dynamics of metalloproteinases during mandibular bone formation: association with Myb transcription factor. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1168866. [PMID: 37701782 PMCID: PMC10493412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1168866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As the dentition forms and becomes functional, the alveolar bone is remodelled. Metalloproteinases are known to contribute to this process, but new regulators are emerging and their contextualization is challenging. This applies to Myb, a transcription factor recently reported to be involved in bone development and regeneration. The regulatory effect of Myb on Mmps expression has mostly been investigated in tumorigenesis, where Myb impacted the expression of Mmp1, Mmp2, Mmp7, and Mmp9. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the regulatory influence of the Myb on Mmps gene expression, impacting osteogenesis and mandibular bone formation. For that purpose, knock-out mouse model was used. Gene expression of bone-related Mmps and the key osteoblastic transcription factors Runx2 and Sp7 was analysed in Myb knock-out mice mandibles at the survival limit. Out of the metalloproteinases under study, Mmp13 was significantly downregulated. The impact of Myb on the expression of Mmp13 was confirmed by the overexpression of Myb in calvarial-derived cells causing upregulation of Mmp13. Expression of Mmp13 in the context of other Mmps during mandibular/alveolar bone development was followed in vivo along with Myb, Sp7 and Runx2. The most significant changes were observed in the expression of Mmp9 and Mmp13. These MMPs and MYB were further localized in situ by immunohistochemistry and were identified in pre/osteoblastic cells as well as in pre/osteocytes. In conclusion, these results provide a comprehensive insight into the expression dynamics of bone related Mmps during mandibular/alveolar bone formation and point to Myb as another potential regulator of Mmp13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Varadinkova
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - V. Oralova
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - M. Clarke
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J. Frampton
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L. Knopfova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - H. Lesot
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - P. Bartos
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - E. Matalova
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tomaszewska E, Rudyk H, Muszyński S, Hułas-Stasiak M, Leszczyński N, Mielnik-Błaszczak M, Donaldson J, Dobrowolski P. Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure Impairs Bone Development via Disturbances in the OC/Leptin and RANKL/RANK/OPG Systems in Weaned Rat Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108743. [PMID: 37240089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to examine the effects of prenatal exposure to fumonisins (FBs) on bone properties and metabolism in weaned rat offspring divided into groups intoxicated with FBs at either 0 (the 0 FB group), 60 (the 60 FB group), or 90 mg/kg b.w. 0 (the 90 FB group). Female and male offspring exposed to FBs at a dose of 60 mg/kg b.w. had heavier femora. Mechanical bone parameters changed in a sex and FBs dose-dependent manner. Growth hormone and osteoprotegerin decreased in both sexes, regardless of FBs dose. In males osteocalcin decreased, while receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand increased regardless of FBs dose; while in females changes were dose dependent. Leptin decreased in both male FBs-intoxicated groups, bone alkaline phosphatase decreased only in the 60 FB group. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 protein expression increased in both female FBs-intoxicated groups and decreased in male 90 FB group. Osteoprotegerin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 protein expression decreased in males, regardless of FBs dose, while nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand expression increased only in the 90 FB group. The disturbances in bone metabolic processes seemed to result from imbalances in the RANKL/RANK/OPG and the OC/leptin systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Halyna Rudyk
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Laboratory of Feed Additives and Premixtures Control, State Research Control Institute of Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Hułas-Stasiak
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Norbert Leszczyński
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Transport Machinery, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Mielnik-Błaszczak
- Chair and Department of Developmental Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janine Donaldson
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Piotr Dobrowolski
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Subbiah R, Lin EY, Athirasala A, Romanowicz GE, Lin ASP, Califano JV, Guldberg RE, Bertassoni LE. Engineering of an Osteoinductive and Growth Factor-Free Injectable Bone-Like Microgel for Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2200976. [PMID: 36808718 PMCID: PMC10978434 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Bone autografts remain the gold standard for bone grafting surgeries despite having increased donor site morbidity and limited availability. Bone morphogenetic protein-loaded grafts represent another successful commercial alternative. However, the therapeutic use of recombinant growth factors has been associated with significant adverse clinical outcomes. This highlights the need to develop biomaterials that closely approximate the structure and composition of bone autografts, which are inherently osteoinductive and biologically active with embedded living cells, without the need for added supplements. Here, injectable growth factor-free bone-like tissue constructs are developed, that closely approximate the cellular, structural, and chemical composition of bone autografts. It is demonstrated that these micro-constructs are inherently osteogenic, and demonstrate the ability to stimulate mineralized tissue formation and regenerate bone in critical-sized defects in-vivo. Furthermore, the mechanisms that allow human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to be highly osteogenic in these constructs, despite the lack of osteoinductive supplements, are assessed, whereby Yes activated protein (YAP) nuclear localization and adenosine signaling appear to regulate osteogenic cell differentiation. The findings represent a step toward a new class of minimally invasive, injectable, and inherently osteoinductive scaffolds, which are regenerative by virtue of their ability to mimic the tissue cellular and extracellular microenvironment, thus showing promise for clinical applications in regenerative engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Subbiah
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Edith Y Lin
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Knight Cancer Precision Biofabrication Hub, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Genevieve E Romanowicz
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Angela S P Lin
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Joseph V Califano
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Robert E Guldberg
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Luiz E Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Knight Cancer Precision Biofabrication Hub, Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Novel, Blended Polymeric Microspheres for the Controlled Release of Methotrexate: Characterization and In Vivo Antifibrotic Studies. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030298. [PMID: 36978688 PMCID: PMC10045572 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Low dose methotrexate (MTX) is known to effectively decrease type I collagen production in dermal fibroblasts, while increasing the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) production in vitro. For in vivo use as an antifibrotic agent on wounds, a linear and extended controlled release formulation of MTX is required. The objective of this study was to optimize the fabrication of MTX-loaded polymeric microspheres with such properties, and to test the efficacy for the prevention of fibrosis in vivo. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and the diblock copolymer, methoxypolyethylene glycol-block-poly (D, L-lactide) (MePEG-b-PDLLA), were used to fabricate microspheres, which were then characterized in terms of size, drug encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release profiles. The optimized formulation (PLGA with diblock copolymer) showed high drug encapsulation efficiency (>80%), low burst release (~10%) and a gradual release of MTX. The amphipathic diblock copolymer is known to render the microsphere surface more biocompatible. In vivo, these microspheres were effective in reducing fibrotic tissue which was confirmed by quantitative measurement of type I collagen and α-smooth muscle actin expression, demonstrating that MTX can be efficiently encapsulated in PLGA microspheres to provide a delayed, gradual release in wound beds to reduce fibrosis in vivo.
Collapse
|
7
|
Tian C, Shao W, Zhou H. Transcriptomic analysis reveals genetic factors regulating early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30625. [PMID: 36123924 PMCID: PMC9478254 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the signaling pathways involved in development of early steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) and identify diagnostic biomarkers regulating peripheral blood in SONFH patients. We downloaded transcriptome data and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the R software. We used ClusterProfiler to perform enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and analyzed protein-protein interactions using the STRING database. Network X was used to visualize the networks in Python. A total of 584 DEGs were identified, of which 294 and 290 were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in red blood cell differentiation, cell protein catabolism, gas transportation, activation of myeloid leukocytes, phagocytosis, and inflammatory response. Pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were involved in regulation of mitophagy-animal, human T-cell leukemia virus-1 infection, Forkhead box O, phagocytosis, osteoclast differentiation, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results were consistent with findings from protein-protein interaction network analysis. Several genes, including peroxiredoxin 2, haptoglobin, matrix metallopeptidase 8, formyl peptide receptor 2, and integrin subunit alpha X, promote SONFH occurrence by regulating the redox, inflammatory response, and osteoblast and osteoclast structure and function pathways. They may be important targets for designing approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of SONFH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics and Traumatology, Funan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuyang, Anhui, China
- *Correspondence: Cong Tian, MM, Department of TCM Orthopedics and Traumatology, Funan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuyang, Anhui 236300, China (e-mail: )
| | - Wenhui Shao
- Department of TCM Internal Medicine, Funan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Honghai Zhou
- School of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nabai L, Ghahary A, Jackson J. Localized Controlled Release of Kynurenic Acid Encapsulated in Synthetic Polymer Reduces Implant-Induced Dermal Fibrosis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081546. [PMID: 35893802 PMCID: PMC9331703 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive fibrosis following surgical procedures is a challenging condition with serious consequences and no effective preventive or therapeutic option. Our group has previously shown the anti-fibrotic effect of kynurenic acid (KynA) in vitro and as topical cream formulations or nanofiber dressings in open wounds. Here, we hypothesized that the implantation of a controlled release drug delivery system loaded with KynA in a wound bed can prevent fibrosis in a closed wound. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and a diblock copolymer, methoxy polyethylene glycol-block-poly (D, L-lactide) (MePEG-b-PDLLA), were used for the fabrication of microspheres which were evaluated for their characteristics, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release profile, and in vivo efficacy for reduction of fibrosis. The optimized formulation exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (>80%), low initial burst release (~10%), and a delayed, gradual release of KynA. In vivo evaluation of the fabricated microspheres in the PVA model of wound healing revealed that KynA microspheres effectively reduced collagen deposition inside and around PVA sponges and α-smooth muscle actin expression after 66 days. Our results showed that KynA can be efficiently encapsulated in PLGA microspheres and its controlled release in vivo reduces fibrotic tissue formation, suggesting a novel therapeutic option for the prevention or treatment of post-surgical fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layla Nabai
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn & Wound Healing Research Lab, ICORD, The Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, 818 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (L.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Aziz Ghahary
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn & Wound Healing Research Lab, ICORD, The Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, 818 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; (L.N.); (A.G.)
| | - John Jackson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2045 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Smith SS, Chu D, Qu T, Aggleton JA, Schneider RA. Species-specific sensitivity to TGFβ signaling and changes to the Mmp13 promoter underlie avian jaw development and evolution. eLife 2022; 11:e66005. [PMID: 35666955 PMCID: PMC9246370 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise developmental control of jaw length is critical for survival, but underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The jaw skeleton arises from neural crest mesenchyme (NCM), and we previously demonstrated that these progenitor cells express more bone-resorbing enzymes including Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (Mmp13) when they generate shorter jaws in quail embryos versus longer jaws in duck. Moreover, if we inhibit bone resorption or Mmp13, we can increase jaw length. In the current study, we uncover mechanisms establishing species-specific levels of Mmp13 and bone resorption. Quail show greater activation of and sensitivity to transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling than duck; where intracellular mediators like SMADs and targets like Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), which bind Mmp13, become elevated. Inhibiting TGFβ signaling decreases bone resorption, and overexpressing Mmp13 in NCM shortens the duck lower jaw. To elucidate the basis for this differential regulation, we examine the Mmp13 promoter. We discover a SMAD-binding element and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near a RUNX2-binding element that distinguish quail from duck. Altering the SMAD site and switching the SNPs abolish TGFβ sensitivity in the quail Mmp13 promoter but make the duck promoter responsive. Thus, differential regulation of TGFβ signaling and Mmp13 promoter structure underlie avian jaw development and evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spenser S Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Daniel Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Tiange Qu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Jessye A Aggleton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Richard A Schneider
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lv X, Wu P, Xiao S, Zhang W, Li Y, Ren B, Li Z, Xia K, Wang B. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Relation to Bone Mineral Density: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2021; 12:754795. [PMID: 34868227 PMCID: PMC8637623 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.754795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed at investigating causal associations between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and bone mineral density (BMD) by the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: From genome-wide association studies of European ancestry, we selected instrumental variables for MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-10, and MMP-12. Accordingly, we retrieved summary statistics of three site-specific BMD, namely, forearm, femoral neck, and lumbar spine. We conducted an inverse variance weighted MR as the primary method to compute overall effects from multiple instruments, while additional MR approaches and sensitivity analyses were implemented. Bonferroni-adjusted significance threshold was set at p < 0.05/18 = 0.003. Results: Totally, there was no evidence for causal effects of genetically-predicted levels of MMPs on BMD measurement at three common sites. MR results indicated that there were no causal associations of circulating MMPs with forearm BMD (all p ≥ 0.023) by the inverse variance weighted method. Similarly, there were no causal effects of MMPs on femoral neck BMD (all p ≥ 0.120) and MR results did not support causal relationships between MMPs and lumbar spine BMD (all p ≥ 0.017). Multiple sensitivity analyses suggested the robustness of MR results, which were less likely to be biased by unbalanced pleiotropy or evident heterogeneity. Conclusion: We found no evidence for the causal relationship between MMPs and BMD in the European population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shipeng Xiao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bolin Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Trabecular Bone Parameters, TIMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-13, VEGF Expression and Immunolocalization in Bone and Cartilage in Newborn Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Fumonisins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212528. [PMID: 34830409 PMCID: PMC8623786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumonisins are protein serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors and potent inhibitors of sphingosine N-acyltransferase (ceramide synthase) disrupting de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fumonisins (FB) exposure from the 7th day of pregnancy to parturition on offspring bone development. The rats were randomly allocated to either a control group (n = 6), not treated with FBs, or to one of the two groups intoxicated with FBs (either at 60 mg FB/kg b.w. or at 90 mg FB/kg b.w. Numerous negative, offspring sex-dependent effects of maternal FB exposure were observed with regards to the histomorphometry of trabecular bone. These effects were due to FB-inducted alterations in bone metabolism, as indicated by changes in the expression of selected proteins involved in bone development: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The immunolocalization of MMPs and TIMP-2 was performed in trabecular and compact bone, as well as articular and growth plate cartilages. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the exposure of pregnant dams to FB negatively affected the expression of certain proteins responsible for bone matrix degradation in newborns prenatally exposed to FB in a dose- and sex-dependent manner.
Collapse
|
12
|
Femoral µCT Analysis, Mechanical Testing and Immunolocalization of Bone Proteins in β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplemented Spiny Mouse in a Model of Pregnancy and Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214808. [PMID: 34768327 PMCID: PMC8584851 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A metabolite of leucine, ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB), used as a dietary supplement effects muscle tissue gain and bone tissue quality. Since there are no studies on the effects of HMB during pregnancy yet, the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of HMB supplementation during pregnancy on osteoporotic bone quality postpartum and post-lactation using spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) as the animal models. The six-month-old dams were divided into four groups: pregnant and lactating controls, and pregnant and lactating HMB-treated (during the second trimester of pregnancy) females. The intensity of the immunoreaction of osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 8 and 13 (MMP-8 and MMP-13) and proteins involved in bone turnover, was measured in femoral trabecular and compact bone, as well as in the hyaline and epiphyseal cartilage of the femora. The analysis of the trabecular bone microarchitecture showed that the administration of HMB to pregnant females, by influencing the proteins responsible for bone cell activity and collagen remodeling, can provide protection from bone loss. Based on the results of the current study it can be assumed that HMB administration to pregnant females has a more positive impact on trabecular than compact bone.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ding R, Qiu Y, Zhuang Z, Ruan D, Wu J, Zhou S, Ye J, Cao L, Hong L, Xu Z, Zheng E, Li Z, Wu Z, Yang J. Genome-wide association studies reveals polygenic genetic architecture of litter traits in Duroc pigs. Theriogenology 2021; 173:269-278. [PMID: 34403972 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
With continuous improvement of sow litter size, breeders are gradually paying more attention to the quality of litter traits that directly impact the production efficiency of pig companies, such as the rate of piglets born alive (RBA) and the rate of healthy births (RHB). The objectives of this study are to dissect the genetic basis of litter traits in pig and to identify valuable genes and genetic markers, especially pleiotropic, for pig breeding. Herein, 1140 Duroc pigs and 2046 reproduction records, 5 litter traits, including the number of healthy births (NHB), number of deformed fetuses (NDF), number of stillborn (NSB), RBA, and RHB, were used in this study. Subsequently, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed for the five litter traits in the first two parities from two Duroc populations. A total of 76 significantly related SNPs and 10 potential candidate genes (CAV1, DAB2, FGF12, FHOD3, DYNC2H1, GRHL1, TCTN3, PYROXD2, MMP8, MMP13, and PGR) were detected, including 13 pleiotropic SNPs that affected more than one litter trait. Finally, the functional enrichment analysis of functional genes that were closest to these significant SNPs indicated that most of the significant pathways were associated with hormone secretion and embryo and organ development. This study advances our understanding of the genetic mechanisms of litter traits, especially the survival rate of piglets born, and provides an opportunity to increase the quality of litter using marker-assisted selection or genomic selection in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ding
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong, 527400, PR China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Zhanwei Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Donglin Ruan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Shenping Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Jian Ye
- Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong, 527400, PR China
| | - Lu Cao
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Linjun Hong
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Zheng Xu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Zicong Li
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong, 527400, PR China; Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park S, Bello A, Arai Y, Ahn J, Kim D, Cha KY, Baek I, Park H, Lee SH. Functional Duality of Chondrocyte Hypertrophy and Biomedical Application Trends in Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081139. [PMID: 34452101 PMCID: PMC8400409 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte hypertrophy is one of the key indicators in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, compared with other OA indications, such as cartilage collapse, sclerosis, inflammation, and protease activation, the mechanisms by which chondrocyte hypertrophy contributes to OA remain elusive. As the pathological processes in the OA cartilage microenvironment, such as the alterations in the extracellular matrix, are initiated and dictated by the physiological state of the chondrocytes, in-depth knowledge of chondrocyte hypertrophy is necessary to enhance our understanding of the disease pathology and develop therapeutic agents. Chondrocyte hypertrophy is a factor that induces OA progression; it is also a crucial factor in the endochondral ossification. This review elaborates on this dual functionality of chondrocyte hypertrophy in OA progression and endochondral ossification through a description of the characteristics of various genes and signaling, their mechanism, and their distinguishable physiological effects. Chondrocyte hypertrophy in OA progression leads to a decrease in chondrogenic genes and destruction of cartilage tissue. However, in endochondral ossification, it represents an intermediate stage at the process of differentiation of chondrocytes into osteogenic cells. In addition, this review describes the current therapeutic strategies and their mechanisms, involving genes, proteins, cytokines, small molecules, three-dimensional environments, or exosomes, against the OA induced by chondrocyte hypertrophy. Finally, this review proposes that the contrasting roles of chondrocyte hypertrophy are essential for both OA progression and endochondral ossification, and that this cellular process may be targeted to develop OA therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunghyun Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea
| | - Alvin Bello
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Yoshie Arai
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Jinsung Ahn
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Kyung-Yup Cha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Inho Baek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.P.); (A.B.); (Y.A.); (J.A.); (D.K.); (K.-Y.C.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5153; Fax: +82-31-961-5108
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Iaquinta MR, Torreggiani E, Mazziotta C, Ruffini A, Sprio S, Tampieri A, Tognon M, Martini F, Mazzoni E. In Vitro Osteoinductivity Assay of Hydroxylapatite Scaffolds, Obtained with Biomorphic Transformation Processes, Assessed Using Human Adipose Stem Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137092. [PMID: 34209351 PMCID: PMC8267654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the in vitro biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability of a recently developed biomorphic hydroxylapatite ceramic scaffold (B-HA) derived from transformation of wood structures were analyzed using human adipose stem cells (hASCs). Cell viability and metabolic activity were evaluated in hASCs, parental cells and in recombinant genetically engineered hASC-eGFP cells expressing the green fluorescence protein. B-HA osteoinductivity properties, such as differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in the skeletal development pathway, osteocalcin (OCN) protein expression and mineral matrix deposition in hASCs, were evaluated. In vitro induction of osteoblastic genes, such as Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein (BGLAP), SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3), Sp7 transcription factor (SP7) and Transforming growth factor, beta 3 (TGFB3) and Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 (TNFSF11)/Receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL), involved in osteoclast differentiation, was undertaken in cells grown on B-HA. Chondrogenic transcription factor SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), tested up-regulated in hASCs grown on the B-HA scaffold. Gene expression enhancement in the skeletal development pathway was detected in hASCs using B-HA compared to sintered hydroxylapatite (S-HA). OCN protein expression and calcium deposition were increased in hASCs grown on B-HA in comparison with the control. This study demonstrates the biocompatibility of the novel biomorphic B-HA scaffold and its potential use in osteogenic differentiation for hASCs. Our data highlight the relevance of B-HA for bone regeneration purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Torreggiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, 48018 Faenza, Italy; (A.R.); (S.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (C.M.); (E.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The effect of maternal HMB supplementation on bone mechanical and geometrical properties, as well as histomorphometry and immunolocalization of VEGF, TIMP2, MMP13, BMP2 in the bone and cartilage tissue of the humerus of their newborn piglets. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0240642. [PMID: 33626093 PMCID: PMC7904207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The presented experiment focuses on assessing the impact of HMB (hydroxy-β-methobutyrate) supplementation of mothers during pregnancy on the development of the skeletal system of their offspring. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out on 12 clinically healthy sows of the Great White Poland breed, which were divided randomly into two groups the control and the HMB group. All animals were kept under standard conditions and received the same feed for pregnant females. In contrast, females from the HMB group between 70 and 90 days were supplemented with 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyle in the amount of 0.2g/kg b.w/day. Immediately after birth, the piglets were also divided into groups based on: sex, and presence or lack HMB supplementation, and subsequently were euthanized and humerus bones from all piglets were collected. Mother's HMB supplementation during pregnancy affected the multiple index of their offspring. The higher humerus mass and length was observed with the greater effect in males. Maternal supplementation also influenced on the geometrical and mechanical properties of the humerus as in the case of mass, this effect was higher in males. Also, the collagen structure of the compacted and trabecular bone changed under the HMB addition. Maternal supplementation also affected the expression of selected proteins in growth cartilage and trabecular bone. The obtained results show that the administration to the mother during pregnancy by the HMB significantly affects the development of the humerus in many ways. The obtained results also confirm the utility of such experiments in understanding of the importance of the pregnancy diet as an develop and adaptable factor of offspring organisms and are the base for further research in that area as well as in the protein markers expression area.
Collapse
|
17
|
Sogi Y, Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Tsuchiya M, Onoda Y, Sekiguchi T, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Yano T, Suzuki K, Onoki T, Itoi E. Joint hemorrhage accelerates cartilage degeneration in a rat immobilized knee model. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:761. [PMID: 33213419 PMCID: PMC7678279 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03795-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Joint hemorrhage is caused by trauma, ligament reconstruction surgery, and bleeding disorders such as hemophilia. Recurrence of hemorrhage in the joint space induces hemosiderotic synovitis and oxidative stress, resulting in both articular cartilage degeneration and arthropathy. Joint immobilization is a common treatment option for articular fractures accompanied by joint hemorrhage. Although joint hemorrhage has negative effects on the articular cartilage, there is no consensus on whether a reduction in joint hemorrhage would effectively prevent articular cartilage degeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of joint hemorrhage combined with joint immobilization on articular cartilage degeneration in a rat immobilized knee model. Methods The knee joints of adult male rats were immobilized at the flexion using an internal fixator from 3 days to 8 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into the following groups: immobilized blood injection (Im-B) and immobilized-normal saline injection (Im-NS) groups. The cartilage was evaluated in two areas (contact and non-contact areas). The cartilage was used to assess chondrocyte count, Modified Mankin score, and cartilage thickness. The total RNA was extracted from the cartilage in both areas, and the expression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-13, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results The number of chondrocytes in the Im-B group significantly decreased in both areas, compared with that in the Im-NS group. Modified Mankin score from 4 to 8 weeks of the Im-B group was significantly higher than that of the Im-NS group only in the contact area. The expression of MMP-8 and MMP-13 from 2 to 4 weeks and TNF-α from 2 to 8 weeks significantly increased in the Im-B group compared with those in the Im-NS group, but there was no significant difference in IL-1β expression. Conclusions The results showed that joint hemorrhage exacerbated immobilization-induced articular cartilage degeneration. Drainage of a joint hemorrhage or avoidance of loading may help prevent cartilage degeneration during joint immobilization with a hemorrhage. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-020-03795-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Sogi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshito Onoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takahiro Onoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zuo HL, Xin H, Yan XN, Huang J, Zhang YP, Du H. 17β-Estradiol improves osteoblastic cell function through the Sirt1/NF-κB/MMP-8 pathway. Climacteric 2020; 23:404-409. [PMID: 32410477 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2020.1758057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H.-L. Zuo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - H. Xin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - X.-N. Yan
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis and Treatment in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - J. Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Y.-P. Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - H. Du
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Endogenous Collagenases Regulate Osteoclast Fusion. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050705. [PMID: 32370054 PMCID: PMC7277558 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise regulation of osteoclast differentiation and function is crucial for the maintenance of healthy bone. Despite several reports of collagenase expression in bone tissues, the precise isoform expression as well as the role in osteoclasts are still unclear. In the present report, the expression of matrix metalloprotease (MMP)8 and MMP13 was confirmed in mouse bone marrow macrophage osteoclast precursors. The mRNA and protein expressions of both collagenases were significantly reduced by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) stimulation. Notably, either inhibition of MMP expression by siRNA or treatment of cells with collagenase inhibitor Ro 32-3555 significantly augmented osteoclast fusion and resorption activity without affecting the osteoclast number. The inhibition of collagenase by Ro 32-3555 increased the expression of osteoclast fusion genes, Atp6v0d2 and Dcstamp, without affecting nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) protein expression. The enhanced osteoclast fusion by collagenase inhibition appears to be mediated through an extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathway. Collectively, these data provide novel information on the regulation of osteoclast fusion process.
Collapse
|
20
|
Identification of mRNAs Related to Tibial Cartilage Development of Yorkshire Piglets. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2365416. [PMID: 31781601 PMCID: PMC6875239 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2365416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage dysplasia is one of the important reasons for the weakness of pig limbs and hooves. Porcine rickets with weak limbs and hooves bring huge economic losses to the pig industry. However, research on the development of pig cartilage is lacking. This study investigated the key genes and molecular mechanisms involved in cartilage development via an RNA-seq technique. Samples of proximal tibia cartilage were collected from three normal piglets with 1 day, 14 days, and 28 days of age, respectively, and then these samples were divided into two comparison groups (1-day vs. 14-day group, 14-day vs. 28-day group). Through the transcriptome analysis, 108 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), such as FORL2, were obtained from 1-day vs. 14-day comparison group, and 3602 DEGs were obtained from 14-day vs. 28-day comparison group, including SOX9, BMP6, and MMP13. The gene ontology (GO) functional and KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that many functions of DEGs were related to bone development. The pathways of DEGs from Day 1 vs. Day 14 were mainly enriched in mineral absorption, but the DEGs of Day 14 vs. Day 28 were enriched in osteoclast differentiation. Then, the expression patterns of six candidate genes were verified via qPCR. In conclusion, candidate genes affecting cartilage development in Yorkshire pigs were obtained by transcriptome analysis, and the clues showed that Day 14 to Day 28 is a more active and extensive period in cartilage developments, which played a key role in revealing the molecular mechanism of pig cartilage development basis, also compensating for vacancies in cartilage research.
Collapse
|
21
|
Degradation of extracellular matrices propagates calcification during development and healing in bones and teeth. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:149-156. [PMID: 31400543 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone, dentin, and enamel are tissues formed through calcification, a process involving deposition of calcium phosphate minerals on extracellular organic matrices. Calcification, the underlying mechanism of which is unknown, is initiated with mineral deposition followed by advancing of the deposit and subsequent maturation of the mineral crystal. HIGHLIGHT We have reviewed the current knowledge of how calcification proceeds during bone development, bone healing, and enamel and dentin development, based on reported studies. Previous studies reported by us and by other authors have suggested that degradation of some extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins is involved in calcification during bone and dentin development and bone healing in a manner similar to that previously reported for enamel development. CONCLUSION The ECM proteins may inhibit mineral deposition and calcification, similar to the role of amelogenin during enamel development. The candidates for the amelogenin equivalents in bone and dentin have not been identified. Further studies are required to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of bone and dentin calcification in light of specific ECM proteins that prevent calcification and enzymes that degrade these ECM proteins.
Collapse
|
22
|
Takahashi M, Fujikawa K, Angammana R, Shibata S. An in situ hybridization study of MMP-2, -9, -13, -14, TIMP-1, and -2 mRNA in fetal mouse mandibular condylar cartilage as compared with limb bud cartilage. Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 32:1-11. [PMID: 30822518 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this in situ hybridization study was to investigate MMPs and TIMPs mRNA expression in developing mandibular condylar cartilage and limb bud cartilage. At E14.0, MMP-2, -14, TIMP-1 and -2 mRNAs were expressed in the periosteum of mandibular bone, and in the condylar anlage. At E15.0 MMP-2, -14, TIMP-1 and -2 mRNAs were expressed in the perichondrium of newly formed condylar cartilage and the periosteum of developing bone collar, whereas, expression of MMP-14 and TIMP-1 mRNAs were restricted to the inner layer of the periosteum/perichondrium. This expression patterns continued until E18.0. Further, from E13.0 to 14.0, in the developing tibial cartilage, MMP-2, -14, and TIMP-2 mRNAs were expressed in the periosteum/perichondrium, but weak MMP-14 and no TIMP-1 mRNA expression was recognized in the perichondrium. These results confirmed that the perichondrium of condylar cartilage has characteristics of periosteum, and suggested that MMPs and/or TIMPs are more actively involved in the development of condylar (secondary) cartilage than tibial (primary) cartilage. MMP-9-positive cells were observed in the bone collar of both types of cartilage, and they were consistent with osteoclasts/chondroclasts. MMP-13 mRNA expression was restricted to the chondrocytes of the lower hypertrophic cell zone in tibial cartilage at E14.0, indicating MMP-13 can be used as a marker for lower hypertrophic cell zone. It was also expressed in chondrocytes of newly formed condylar cartilage at E15.0, and continuously expressed in the lower hypertrophic cell zone until E18.0. These results confirmed that progenitor cells of condylar cartilage are rapidly differentiated into hypertrophic chondrocytes, which is a unique structural feature of secondary cartilage different from that of primary cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Takahashi
- Department of Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Fujikawa
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Randilini Angammana
- Department of Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunichi Shibata
- Department of Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Szentléleky E, Szegeczki V, Karanyicz E, Hajdú T, Tamás A, Tóth G, Zákány R, Reglődi D, Juhász T. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Reduces Oxidative and Mechanical Stress-Evoked Matrix Degradation in Chondrifying Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010168. [PMID: 30621194 PMCID: PMC6337298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an endogenous neuropeptide also secreted by non-neural cells, including chondrocytes. PACAP signaling is involved in the regulation of chondrogenesis, but little is known about its connection to matrix turnover during cartilage formation and under cellular stress in developing cartilage. We found that the expression and activity of hyaluronidases (Hyals), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), and aggrecanase were permanent during the course of chondrogenesis in primary chicken micromass cell cultures, although protein levels changed daily, along with moderate and relatively constant enzymatic activity. Next, we investigated whether PACAP influences matrix destructing enzyme activity during oxidative and mechanical stress in chondrogenic cells. Exogenous PACAP lowered Hyals and aggrecanase expression and activity during cellular stress. Expression and activation of the majority of cartilage matrix specific MMPs such as MMP1, MMP7, MMP8, and MMP13, were also decreased by PACAP addition upon oxidative and mechanical stress, while the activity of MMP9 seemed not to be influenced by the neuropeptide. These results suggest that application of PACAP can help to preserve the integrity of the newly synthetized cartilage matrix via signaling mechanisms, which ultimately inhibit the activity of matrix destroying enzymes under cellular stress. It implies the prospect that application of PACAP can ameliorate articular cartilage destruction in joint diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szentléleky
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Vince Szegeczki
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Edina Karanyicz
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Tibor Hajdú
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Andrea Tamás
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Róza Zákány
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Reglődi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schneider RA. Neural crest and the origin of species-specific pattern. Genesis 2018; 56:e23219. [PMID: 30134069 PMCID: PMC6108449 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
For well over half of the 150 years since the discovery of the neural crest, the special ability of these cells to function as a source of species-specific pattern has been clearly recognized. Initially, this observation arose in association with chimeric transplant experiments among differentially pigmented amphibians, where the neural crest origin for melanocytes had been duly noted. Shortly thereafter, the role of cranial neural crest cells in transmitting species-specific information on size and shape to the pharyngeal arch skeleton as well as in regulating the timing of its differentiation became readily apparent. Since then, what has emerged is a deeper understanding of how the neural crest accomplishes such a presumably difficult mission, and this includes a more complete picture of the molecular and cellular programs whereby neural crest shapes the face of each species. This review covers studies on a broad range of vertebrates and describes neural-crest-mediated mechanisms that endow the craniofacial complex with species-specific pattern. A major focus is on experiments in quail and duck embryos that reveal a hierarchy of cell-autonomous and non-autonomous signaling interactions through which neural crest generates species-specific pattern in the craniofacial integument, skeleton, and musculature. By controlling size and shape throughout the development of these systems, the neural crest underlies the structural and functional integration of the craniofacial complex during evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Schneider
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of California at San Francisco, 513 Parnassus AvenueS‐1161San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Pang X, Wu J, Jin L, Yu Y, Gobin R, Yu J. MicroRNA hsa-let-7b suppresses the odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity of stem cells from apical papilla by targeting MMP1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6545-6554. [PMID: 29384216 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA let-7 family acts as the key regulator of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the influence of let-7b on biological characteristics of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) is still controversial. In this study, the expression of hsa-let-7b was obviously downregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs. SCAPs were then infected with hsa-let-7b or hsa-let-7b inhibitor lentiviruses. The proliferation ability was determined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. The odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining, Western blot assay, and real-time RT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis was used to screen out the target of hsa-let-7b and the target relationship was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. Hsa-let-7b was of no influence on the proliferation of SCAPs. Interferential expression of hsa-let-7b increased the ALP activity as well as the formation of calcified nodules of SCAPs. Moreover, the mRNA levels of osteoblastic markers (ALP, RUNX2, OSX, OPN, and OCN) were upregulated while the protein levels of DSPP, ALP, RUNX2, OSX, OPN, and OCN also increased considerably. Conversely, overexpression of hsa-let-7b inhibited the odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity of SCAPs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a putative binding site of hsa-let-7b in the matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that hsa-let-7b targets MMP1. The odonto/osteogenic differentiation ability of SCAPs ascended after repression of hsa-let-7b, which was then reversed after co-transfection with siMMP1. Together, hsa-let-7b can suppress the odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity of SCAPs by targeting MMP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Endodontic, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiyao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Endodontic, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Endodontic, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nantong Stomatological Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Endodontic, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Romila Gobin
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Endodontic, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
An F, Du J, Cao Y, Shi J, Guo Y, Jin T, Li J, Chen J, Li P, Dong M, Wang G, Wang J. MMP8 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a Chinese Han population. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21561-21566. [PMID: 28423488 PMCID: PMC5400606 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is an orthopedic refractory disease that adversely affects quality of life. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) produced by the bone marrow has been implicated in the degradation of collagen during bone development. We assessed whether MMP8 polymorphisms are associated with ONFH. In a case-control study, using χ2 tests and genetic model analyses, we genotyped 5 MMP8 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 585 ONFH patients and 507 healthy control subjects in a Chinese Han population. The MMP8 rs11225394 SNP was associated with an increased risk of ONFH in an allele model (OR=1.34; 95% CI, 1.003-1.786, P=0.047). In addition, rs11225394 was associated with an increased risk of ONFH in a dominant model (OR =1.39, 95% CI, 1.02-1.89, P=0.036), over-dominant model (OR=1.39, 95% CI, 1.02-1.89, P=0.038), and log-additive model (OR =1.36, 95% CI, 1.01-1.84, P=0.039). After adjusting for age and gender, rs11225394 was associated with ONFH in a dominant (OR =1.44, 95% CI, 1.05-1.96, P=0.023), over-dominant (OR =1.44, 95% CI, 1.05-1.98, P=0.022), and log-additive model (OR =1.40, 95% CI, 1.04-1.90, P=0.027). These results provide the first evidence that MMP8 SNP at the rs11225394 locus is associated with the increased risk of ONFH in Chinese Han population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feimeng An
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jieli Du
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuju Cao
- Zhengzhou TCM Traumatology Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianping Shi
- Department of TCM Diagnosis, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongchang Guo
- Zhengzhou TCM Traumatology Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Li
- Zhengzhou TCM Traumatology Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Mei Dong
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianzhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Oralova V, Matalova E, Killinger M, Knopfova L, Smarda J, Buchtova M. Osteogenic Potential of the Transcription Factor c-MYB. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:311-322. [PMID: 28012106 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor c-MYB is a well-known marker of undifferentiated cells such as haematopoietic cell precursors, but recently it has also been observed in differentiated cells that produce hard tissues. Our previous findings showed the presence of c-MYB in intramembranous bones and its involvement in the chondrogenic steps of endochondral ossification, where the up-regulation of early chondrogenic markers after c-myb overexpression was observed. Since we previously detected c-MYB in osteoblasts, we aimed to analyse the localisation of c-MYB during later stages of endochondral bone formation and address its function during bone matrix production. c-MYB-positive cells were found in the chondro-osseous junction zone in osteoblasts of trabecular bone as well as deeper in the zone of ossification in cells of spongy bone. To experimentally evaluate the osteogenic potential of c-MYB during endochondral bone formation, micromasses derived from embryonic mouse limb buds were established. Nuclear c-MYB protein expression was observed in long-term micromasses, especially in the areas around nodules. c-myb overexpression induced the expression of osteogenic-related genes such as Bmp2, Comp, Csf2 and Itgb1. Moreover, alizarin red staining and osteocalcin labelling promoted mineralised matrix production in c-myb-overexpressing cultures, whereas downregulation of c-myb by siRNA reduced mineralised matrix production. In conclusion, c-Myb plays a role in the osteogenesis of long bones by inducing osteogenic genes and causing the enhancement of mineral matrix production. This action of the transcription factor c-Myb might be of interest in the future for the establishment of novel approaches to tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Oralova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - E Matalova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Killinger
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L Knopfova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Smarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Buchtova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
HENMI A, OKATA H, MIKAMI Y, SASANO Y. Calcification in rat developing mandibular bone demonstrated by whole mount staining, microcomputed tomography and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy . Biomed Res 2017; 38:277-284. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.38.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko HENMI
- Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduare School of Dentistry
| | - Hiroshi OKATA
- Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduare School of Dentistry
| | - Yasuto MIKAMI
- Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduare School of Dentistry
| | - Yasuyuki SASANO
- Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduare School of Dentistry
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Transforming growth factor-β1 regulation of ATF-3, c-Jun and JunB proteins for activation of matrix metalloproteinase-13 gene in human breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 94:370-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
30
|
Apajalahti S, Sorsa T, Railavo S, Ingman T. The in vivo Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and -8 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Initial Orthodontic Tooth Movement. J Dent Res 2016; 82:1018-22. [PMID: 14630906 DOI: 10.1177/154405910308201216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic force induces biochemical responses in the periodontal ligament (PDL), but the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent molecular mechanisms in orthodontically induced periodontal remodeling have remained unclear. Previous studies indicate that mechanical stress induces MMP-1 production in human PDL cells in vitro. We tested the hypothesis whether the in vivo levels, molecular forms, and degree of activation of MMP-1 and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) reflect an early stage of orthodontic tooth movement. Molecular forms of MMP-1 and MMP-8 were analyzed by Western blot, and MMP-8 levels by quantitative immunofluoro-metric assay (IFMA). The results showed that GCF MMP-8 levels for orthodontically treated teeth were significantly higher at 4-8 hrs after force application than before activation, and when compared with the control teeth (p < 0.05). Analysis of our data indicates that the cells within the periodontium are up-regulated to produce MMP-8, and the increased expression and activation of GCF MMP-8 reflect enhanced periodontal remodeling induced by orthodontic force.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Apajalahti
- Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Biomedicum Helsinki (4th floor, C407b), POB 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Okata H, Nakamura M, Henmi A, Yamaguchi S, Mikami Y, Shimauchi H, Sasano Y. Calcification during bone healing in a standardised rat calvarial defect assessed by micro-CT and SEM-EDX. Oral Dis 2016; 21:74-82. [PMID: 25671229 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was designed to investigate the process of calcification during bone healing in a standardized rat calvarial bone defect model, measured by bone mineral density and the concentrations and distributions of calcium, phosphorus and carbon in the bone matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS A standard defect was made on the parietal bone of 12-week-old rats under anaesthesia. The rats were fixed in weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8,and the calvaria were resected and examined with microcomputed tomography, then frozen and sectioned for histology and analysed with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Parietal bone of 12-week-old control rats was processed similarly. RESULTS The mineral density of healing bone increased with time. The healing bone became thicker and denser with time in histology. The distributions of Ca and P expanded over the bone matrix, whereas that of C became localised and complemented that of C and P. The Ca/P concentration ratio increased, whereas the C/Ca and C/P ratios decreased in the healing bone matrix. CONCLUSION Healing bone is immaturely calcified initially and proceeds calcification gradually, that is, as the bone volume increases, mineral increases in density and matures in quality, while organic components decrease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Okata
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li ZY, Ma ZL, Lu WH, Cheng X, Chen JL, Song XY, Chuai M, Lee KKH, Yang X. Ethanol exposure represses osteogenesis in the developing chick embryo. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 62:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
33
|
Henmi A, Okata H, Anada T, Yoshinari M, Mikami Y, Suzuki O, Sasano Y. Bone matrix calcification during embryonic and postembryonic rat calvarial development assessed by SEM-EDX spectroscopy, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopy. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:41-50. [PMID: 25773047 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-014-0647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bone mineral is constituted of biological hydroxyapatite crystals. In developing bone, the mineral crystal matures and the Ca/P ratio increases. However, how an increase in the Ca/P ratio is involved in maturation of the crystal is not known. The relationships among organic components and mineral changes are also unclear. The study was designed to investigate the process of calcification during rat calvarial bone development. Calcification was evaluated by analyzing the atomic distribution and concentration of Ca, P, and C with scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and changes in the crystal structure with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Histological analysis showed that rat calvarial bone formation started around embryonic day 16. The areas of Ca and P expanded, matching the region of the developing bone matrix, whereas the area of C became localized around bone. X-ray diffraction and FTIR analysis showed that the amorphous-like structure of the minerals at embryonic day 16 gradually transformed into poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite, whereas the proportion of mineral to protein increased until postnatal week 6. FTIR analysis also showed that crystallization of hydroxyapatite started around embryonic day 20, by which time SEM-EDX spectroscopy showed that the Ca/P ratio had increased and the C/Ca and C/P ratios had decreased significantly. The study suggests that the Ca/P molar ratio increases and the proportion of organic components such as proteins of the bone matrix decreases during the early stage of calcification, whereas crystal maturation continues throughout embryonic and postembryonic bone development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Henmi
- Division of Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okata
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahisa Anada
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mariko Yoshinari
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuto Mikami
- Division of Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sasano
- Division of Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ealba EL, Jheon AH, Hall J, Curantz C, Butcher KD, Schneider RA. Neural crest-mediated bone resorption is a determinant of species-specific jaw length. Dev Biol 2015; 408:151-63. [PMID: 26449912 PMCID: PMC4698309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Precise control of jaw length during development is crucial for proper form and function. Previously we have shown that in birds, neural crest mesenchyme (NCM) confers species-specific size and shape to the beak by regulating molecular and histological programs for the induction and deposition of cartilage and bone. Here we reveal that a hitherto unrecognized but similarly essential mechanism for establishing jaw length is the ability of NCM to mediate bone resorption. Osteoclasts are considered the predominant cells that resorb bone, although osteocytes have also been shown to participate in this process. In adults, bone resorption is tightly coupled to bone deposition as a means to maintain skeletal homeostasis. Yet, the role and regulation of bone resorption during growth of the embryonic skeleton have remained relatively unexplored. We compare jaw development in short-beaked quail versus long-billed duck and find that quail have substantially higher levels of enzymes expressed by bone-resorbing cells including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (Mmp13), and Mmp9. Then, we transplant NCM destined to form the jaw skeleton from quail to duck and generate chimeras in which osteocytes arise from quail donor NCM and osteoclasts come exclusively from the duck host. Chimeras develop quail-like jaw skeletons coincident with dramatically elevated expression of TRAP, Mmp13, and Mmp9. To test for a link between bone resorption and jaw length, we block resorption using a bisphosphonate, osteoprotegerin protein, or an MMP13 inhibitor, and this significantly lengthens the jaw. Conversely, activating resorption with RANKL protein shortens the jaw. Finally, we find that higher resorption in quail presages their relatively lower adult jaw bone mineral density (BMD) and that BMD is also NCM-mediated. Thus, our experiments suggest that NCM not only controls bone resorption by its own derivatives but also modulates the activity of mesoderm-derived osteoclasts, and in so doing enlists bone resorption as a key patterning mechanism underlying the functional morphology and evolution of the jaw.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Ealba
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Andrew H Jheon
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jane Hall
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Camille Curantz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Kristin D Butcher
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Richard A Schneider
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Näkki A, Rodriguez-Fontenla C, Gonzalez A, Harilainen A, Leino-Arjas P, Heliövaara M, Eriksson JG, Tallroth K, Videman T, Kaprio J, Saarela J, Kujala UM. Association study of MMP8 gene in osteoarthritis. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 57:44-52. [PMID: 26577236 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1099636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease common in the elderly. There is a prior functional evidence for different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP8 and MMP9, having a role in the breakdown of cartilage extracellular matrix in OA. Thus, we analyzed whether the common genetic variants of MMP8 and MMP9 contribute to the risk of OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 13 common tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were studied in a discovery knee OA cohort of 185 cases and 895 controls. For validation, two knee OA replication cohorts and two hand OA replication cohorts were studied (altogether 1369 OA cases, 4445 controls in the five cohorts). The χ(2) test for individual study cohorts and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for combined meta-analysis were calculated using Plink. RESULTS The rs1940475 SNP in MMP8 showed suggestive association in the discovery cohort (OR = 0.721, 95% CI 0.575-0.906; p = 0.005). Other knee and hand OA replication study cohorts showed similar trend for the predisposing allele without reaching statistical significance in independent replication cohorts nor in their meta-analysis (p > 0.05). Meta-analysis of all five hand and knee OA study cohorts yielded a p-value of 0.027 (OR = 0.904, 95% CI 0.826-0.989). CONCLUSIONS Initial analysis of the MMP8 gene showed suggestive association between rs1940475 and knee OA, but the finding did not replicate in other study cohorts, even though the trend for predisposing allele was similar in all five cohorts. MMP-8 is a good biological candidate for OA, but our study did not find common variants with significant association in the gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annu Näkki
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Public Health , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,c Department of Medical Genetics , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,d Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Fontenla
- e Laboratorio Investigacion 10 , Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria- Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- e Laboratorio Investigacion 10 , Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria- Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Arsi Harilainen
- f ORTON Orthopedic Hospital , Invalid Foundation , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Päivi Leino-Arjas
- g Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | | | - Johan G Eriksson
- h National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,i Department of Chronic Disease Prevention , The National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,j Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,k Unit of General Practice , Helsinki University Central Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,l Folkhälsan Research Center , Helsinki , Finland.,m Vasa Central Hospital , Vasa , Finland
| | - Kaj Tallroth
- f ORTON Orthopedic Hospital , Invalid Foundation , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Tapio Videman
- n Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Public Health , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,o Department of Mental Health , National Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Janna Saarela
- a Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- p Department of Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Molecular and cellular mechanisms that control jaw length are becoming better understood. This is significant since the jaws are not only critical for species-specific adaptation and survival, but they are often affected by a variety of size-related anomalies including mandibular hypoplasia, retrognathia, asymmetry, and clefting. This chapter overviews how jaw length is established during the allocation, proliferation, differentiation, and growth of jaw precursor cells, which originate from neural crest mesenchyme (NCM). The focus is mainly on results from experiments transplanting NCM between quail and duck embryos. Quail have short jaws whereas those of duck are relatively long. Quail-duck chimeras reveal that the determinants of jaw length are NCM mediated throughout development and include species-specific differences in jaw progenitor number, differential regulation of various signaling pathways, and the autonomous activation of programs for skeletal matrix deposition and resorption. Such insights help make the goal of devising new therapies for birth defects, diseases, and injuries to the jaw skeleton seem ever more likely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Schneider
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Oralová V, Matalová E, Janečková E, Drobná Krejčí E, Knopfová L, Šnajdr P, Tucker AS, Veselá I, Šmarda J, Buchtová M. Role of c-Myb in chondrogenesis. Bone 2015; 76:97-106. [PMID: 25845979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Myb locus encodes the c-Myb transcription factor involved in controlling a broad variety of cellular processes. Recently, it has been shown that c-Myb may play a specific role in hard tissue formation; however, all of these results were gathered from an analysis of intramembranous ossification. To investigate a possible role of c-Myb in endochondral ossification, we carried out our study on the long bones of mouse limbs during embryonic development. Firstly, the c-myb expression pattern was analyzed by in situ hybridization during endochondral ossification of long bones. c-myb positive areas were found in proliferating as well as hypertrophic zones of the growth plate. At early embryonic stages, localized expression was also observed in the perichondrium and interdigital areas. The c-Myb protein was found in proliferating chondrocytes and in the perichondrium of the forelimb bones (E14.5-E17.5). Furthermore, protein was detected in pre-hypertrophic as well as hypertrophic chondrocytes. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were used to test the effect of altered c-myb expression on chondrogenesis in micromass cultures established from forelimb buds of mouse embryos. A loss-of-function approach using c-myb specific siRNA decreased nodule formation, as well as downregulated the level of Sox9 expression, a major marker of chondrogenesis. Transient c-myb overexpression markedly increased the formation of cartilage nodules and the production of extracellular matrix as detected by intense staining with Alcian blue. Moreover, the expression of early chondrogenic genes such as Sox9, Col2a1 and activity of a Col2-LUC reporter were increased in the cells overexpressing c-myb while late chondrogenic markers such as Col10a1 and Mmp13 were not significantly changed or were downregulated. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that the c-Myb transcription factor is involved in the regulation and promotion of endochondral bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Oralová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - E Matalová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Janečková
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Drobná Krejčí
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Knopfová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Šnajdr
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A S Tucker
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - I Veselá
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Duarte C, Kobayashi Y, Kawamoto T, Moriyama K. RELAXIN enhances differentiation and matrix mineralization through Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 (Rxfp2) in MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro. Bone 2014; 65:92-101. [PMID: 24857857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
RELAXIN (RLN) is a polypeptide hormone of the insulin-like hormone family; it facilitates birth by softening and widening the pubic symphysis and cervix in many mammals, including humans. The role of RLN in bone metabolism was recently suggested by its ability to induce osteoclastogenesis and activate osteoclast function. RLN binds to RELAXIN/INSULIN-LIKE FAMILY PEPTIDE 1 (RXFP1) and 2 (RXFP2), with varying species-specific affinities. Young men with mutated RXFP2 are at high risk for osteoporosis, as RXFP2 influences osteoblast metabolism by binding to INSULIN-LIKE PEPTIDE 3 (INSL3). However, there have been no reports on RLN function in osteoblast differentiation and mineralization or on the functionally dominant receptors for RLN in osteoblasts. We previously described Rxfp1 and 2 expression patterns in developing mouse oral components, including the maxillary and mandibular bones, Meckel's cartilage, tongue, and tooth primordia. We hypothesized that Rln/Rxfp signaling is a key mediator of skeletal development and metabolism. Here, we present the gene expression patterns of Rxfp1 and 2 in developing mouse calvarial frontal bones as determined by in situ hybridization. In addition, RLN enhanced osteoblastic differentiation and caused abnormal mineralization and extracellular matrix metabolism through Rxfp2, which was predominant over Rxfp1 in MC3T3-E1 mouse calvarial osteoblasts. Our data suggest a novel role for Rln in craniofacial skeletal development and metabolism through Rxfp2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Duarte
- Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Department of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Yukiho Kobayashi
- Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Department of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Hard Tissue Genome Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Kawamoto
- Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Department of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Keiji Moriyama
- Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Department of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Division of Maxillofacial/Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Hard Tissue Genome Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Goda S, Inoue H, Takeuchi O, Ujii Y, Domae E, Ikeo T. Enamel matrix derivative protein enhances production of matrixmetalloproteinase-2 by osteoblasts. BMC Oral Health 2014; 14:85. [PMID: 25011999 PMCID: PMC4115475 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulate remodeling and regeneration of bone. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) protein has been used clinically for periodontal regeneration, although its molecular mechanisms are not clear. We evaluated the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in regulating EMD-dependent degradation of gelatin on oeoblast-like cell line MG63. Methods MG-63 cells (osteoblast cell line) were incubated with 100 μg/ml EMD protein in the presence or absence of MMP-2 tissue inhibitor for 20 h followed by incubation on DQ-gelatin-coated plates for 4 h. MG-63 cells (1 × 106) were preincubated with SB203580 for 30 min at 37°C and were then placed in 100 μg/ml EMD protein for 24 h. Conditioned media were collected and detected by Western blot analysis. Results EMD protein enhanced cell-mediated degradation of gelatin, which was inhibited by the MMP inhibitor TIMP-2. Furthermore, MMP-2 was produced by MG63 cells in response to EMD protein in a P38 MAPK-dependent manner. In addition, blocking of p38 MAPK activation by SB203580 significantly inhibited generation of the active form of MMP-2. Conclusion P38 MAPK pathway promotes expression MMP-2 in EMD activated osteoblasts, which in turn stimulates periodontal regeneration by degrading matrix proteins in periodontal connective tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Goda
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Oral biosciences: The annual review 2012. J Oral Biosci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
41
|
Neve A, Corrado A, Cantatore FP. Osteocytes: central conductors of bone biology in normal and pathological conditions. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2012; 204:317-30. [PMID: 22099166 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02385.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes are the most abundant and longest-living cells in the adult skeleton. For a long time, osteocytes were considered static and inactive cells, but in recent years, it has been suggested that they represent the key responder to various stimuli that regulate bone formation and remodelling as well as one of the key endocrine regulators of bone metabolism. Osteocytes respond to mechanical stimuli by producing and secreting several signalling molecules, such as nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) , that initiate local bone remodelling. Moreover, they can control bone formation by modulating the WNT signalling pathway, an essential regulator of cell fate and commitment, as they represent the main source of sclerostin, a negative regulator of bone formation. Osteocytes can also act as an endocrine organ by releasing fibroblast growth factor 23 and several other proteins (DMP-1, MEPE, PHEX) that regulate phosphate metabolism. It has been demonstrated that various bone diseases are associated with osteocyte abnormalities, although it is not clear if these changes are the direct cause of the pathology or if they are secondary to the pathological changes in the bone microenvironment. Thus, a better understanding of these cells could offer exciting opportunities for new advances in the prevention and management of different bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Neve
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Occupational Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Remodeling of extracellular matrices initiates and advances calcification during development and healing of bones and teeth. J Oral Biosci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
43
|
Liu LM, Yan MG, Yang DH, Sun WW, Zhang JX. The expression of protein inhibitor of activated signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 in the evolutionary process of gastric cancer. Eur J Intern Med 2011; 22:e31-5. [PMID: 21925039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 04/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of PIAS3 (protein inhibitor of activated signal transducers and activators of transcription 3) in the evolutionary process of gastric cancer. METHODS Samples were taken from the endoscopic biopsy specimens of 125 patients. Gastric mucosal lesions were diagnosed in HE staining, and chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with intestinal metaplasia (IM) were distinguished in AB-PAS and HID-AB staining. The expressions of PIAS3 gene in different types of gastric mucosal lesions were detected by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. The results were analyzed using IPP 6.0 image analysis system, from which the average optical density was obtained of positive cells. RESULTS There were 25 patients with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 87 CAG (30 with complete intestinal IM, 27 with incomplete intestinal IM, 21 with complete colonic IM, 9 with incomplete colonic IM), 8 dysplasia (DYS) and 5 gastric cancer (GC). In the expressions of PIAS3 mRNA and protein, a difference was not found between the patients with CSG and those with CAG with complete or incomplete intestinal IM; however, a significant difference was statistically found among patients with CSG (or intestinal IM), complete colonic IM, incomplete colonic IM, DYS and GC, expression levels of which stepped down one by one. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the PIAS3 expression from different stages of gastric precancerous conditions/lesions to GC, which may reveal a close relationship between expression reduction or loss of PIAS3 and gastric tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ming Liu
- Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to the First People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201600, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu LM, Yan MG, Yang DH, Sun WW, Zhang JX. PIAS3 expression in human gastric carcinoma and its adjacent non-tumor tissues. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2011; 35:393-8. [PMID: 21334998 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 11/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE PIAS3 is the endogenous inhibitor of STAT3, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many cancers. However, the effect of PIAS3 on human tumors remains elusive. The aim of this article is to investigate the expression of PIAS3 in gastric carcinoma and its adjacent non-tumor tissues. METHODS Samples were taken from 30 patients with gastric cancer, which included tumor or non-tumor tissues in the excised sections. The expression of PIAS3 protein was detected by immunocytochemistry, and that of mRNA by in situ hybridization. The results were semi-quantitative analyzed by using cell count and color depth to stage. RESULTS The expression levels of PIAS3 protein and mRNA were significantly lower in gastric cancerous tissues than in its adjacent non-tumor tissues, and had a close relation with tumor size and differentiation, but not with age, gender and lymphatic metastasis in gastric carcinoma. The more large in size and poorly in differentiation, the more low PIAS3 expression was. CONCLUSION Loss of PIAS3 expression may be an important characteristic of gastric cancer and suggest vicious degree of the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-ming Liu
- Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to The First People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201600, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Matsui H, Yamasaki M, Nakata K, Amano K, Nakamura H. Expression of MMP-8 and MMP-13 in the development of periradicular lesions. Int Endod J 2011; 44:739-45. [PMID: 21447140 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01880.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the expressions of MMP-8 and MMP-13 in experimentally induced rat periradicular lesions by means of the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining. METHODOLOGY Thirty rats were used and periradicular lesions in mandibular first molar teeth were established following pulp exposure. The animals were sacrificed at 0 (no exposure control), 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks after pulp exposure. The right molars were used for RT-PCR analysis of MMP-8 and MMP-13. The left molars were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with both MMPs. The areas of these lesions were measured histometrically, and the numbers of both reactive cells in the periapical portion were counted per unit area. Significant differences were analysed by the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS MMP-8 gene expression gradually increased from 2 to 4 weeks, but slightly decreased at 6 weeks. MMP-13 gene expression gradually increased from 1 to 3 weeks. At 4 and 6 weeks, the level of expression was as high as that at 3 weeks. Immunohistochemically, MMP-8 was first detected at 2 weeks and gradually increased until 4 weeks. MMP-13 gradually increased from 1 to 4 weeks. Both MMPs decreased at 6 weeks. The area of the periradicular lesions gradually increased from 1 to 4 weeks, showing a large increase in week 2 and 3 in particular, but then decreased in week 6. MMP-13-expressing cells were significantly greater than MMP-8-positive cells at week 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that MMP-8 and MMP-13 were related to the development of periradicular lesions. It is suggested that MMP-13 increased from an early stage during their development and that MMP-8 is involved in the progression of tissue destruction including bone resorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Matsui
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Chkusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Akiyama M, Zhou M, Sugimoto R, Hongu T, Furuya M, Funakoshi Y, Kato M, Hasegawa H, Kanaho Y. Tissue- and development-dependent expression of the small GTPase Arf6 in mice. Dev Dyn 2010; 239:3416-35. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
47
|
Kiss J, Balla B, Kósa PJ, Borsy A, Podani J, Takács I, Lazáry A, Nagy Z, Bácsi K, Szlávy E, Szendrôi M, Speer G, Orosz L, Lakatos P. [Changes of gene expression and its role in pathogenesis in fibrous and non-fibrous dysplastic bone tissues in women]. Orv Hetil 2010; 151:1656-65. [PMID: 20860962 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2010.28967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fibrous dysplasia is an isolated skeletal disorder caused by a somatic activating mutation of GNAS1 gene with abnormal unmineralized matrix overproduction and extensive undifferentiated bone cell accumulation in fibro-osseous lesions. The aim of the investigation was to identify genes that are differently expressed in fibrous vs. non-fibrous human bone and to describe the relationships between these genes using multivariate data analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six bone tissue samples from fibrous dysplastic female patients and 7 bone tissue samples from non-fibrous dysplastic women were examined. The 6 female fibrous samples were taken from the fibrous dysplastic lesion itself while the control samples of 7 non-fibrous dysplastic females were taken from the femoral neck during the hip replacement procedure. The expression differences of selected 118 genes were analyzed in TaqMan probe based quantitative real-time RT-PCR system. RESULTS The Mann-Whitney U test indicated significant differences in the expression of 27 genes of fibrous dysplasial and non fibrous dysplasial individuals (p≤0.05). Nine genes were significantly up-regulated in fibrous dysplasial women compared to non fibrous dysplasial ones and eighteen genes showed a down-regulated pattern. These significantly altered genes coding for minor collagen molecules, extracellular matrix digesting enzymes, transcription factors, adhesion molecules, growth factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolism-affected substrates. Canonical variety analysis demonstrated that fibrous dysplastic and non fibrous dysplastic bone tissues can be distinguished by the multiple expression profile analysis of numerous genes controlled via a G-protein coupled pathway and BMP cascade as well as genes coding for extracellular matrix composing molecules. CONCLUSIONS The significantly altered gene expression profile observed in the fibrous dysplastic human bone tissue may provide further insight into the pathogenetic process of fibrous degeneration of bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- János Kiss
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar Ortopédiai Klinika Budapest Karolina út 27. 1113.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hagiwara Y, Ando A, Onoda Y, Matsui H, Chimoto E, Suda H, Itoi E. Expression patterns of collagen types I and III in the capsule of a rat knee contracture model. J Orthop Res 2010; 28:315-21. [PMID: 19777487 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to determine the changes in expression of collagen types I and III in the capsule of a rat knee contracture model. The unilateral knee joints of adult male rats were rigidly immobilized at 150 degrees of flexion using a rigid plastic plate and screws for 3 days, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks (immobilized group). Sham-operated animals had holes drilled in the femur and tibia with screws inserted without a plate (control group). The expression patterns of collagen types I and III in the anterior and posterior capsule were evaluated by in situ hybridization (ISH), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blotting (WB). Expressions of collagen types I and III were decreased after immobilization compared to the control group by ISH and qPCR. The expression was not changed after immobilization compared to the control group by IHC and WB. The expression of mRNA and protein levels of collagen types I and III were not increased after immobilization, which indicated that accumulation of the two types of collagen was not the etiology of joint contracture. Another process, such as capsule and synovial adhesions, may be one possible cause of joint contracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Expression of cartilage developmental genes in Hoxc8- and Hoxd4-transgenic mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8978. [PMID: 20126390 PMCID: PMC2814844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hox genes encode transcription factors, which regulate skeletal patterning and chondrocyte differentiation during the development of cartilage, the precursor to mature bone. Overexpression of the homeobox transcription factors Hoxc8 and Hoxd4 causes severe cartilage defects due to delay in cartilage maturation. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and fibroblastic growth factors (FGFs) are known to play important roles in skeletal development and endochondral bone formation and remodeling. In order to investigate whether these molecules are aberrantly expressed in Hoxc8- and/or Hoxd4-transgenic cartilage, we performed quantitative RT-PCR on chondrocytes from Hox-transgenic mice. Gene expression levels of Bmp4, Fgf8, Fgf10, Mmp9, Mmp13, Nos3, Timp3, Wnt3a and Wnt5a were altered in Hoxc8-transgenic chondrocytes, and Fgfr3, Ihh, Mmp8, and Wnt3a expression levels were altered in Hoxd4-transgenic chondrocytes, respectively. Notably, Wnt3a expression was elevated in Hoxc8- and reduced in Hoxd4-transgenic cartilage. These results suggest that both transcription factors affect cartilage maturation through different molecular mechanisms, and provide the basis for future studies into the role of these genes and possible interactions in pathogenesis of cartilage defects in Hoxc8- and Hoxd4-transgenic mice.
Collapse
|
50
|
Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Extracellular Matrix Disintegration of Meckel's Cartilage in Mice. J Oral Biosci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(10)80043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|