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Post EG, Anderson T, Samson O, Triplett AN, Gidley AD, Isono SS, Watters J, Donaldson AT, Finnoff JT, Adams WM. High rates of respiratory illnesses upon arrival: lessons from Team USA at the Santiago 2023 Pan American and Parapan American Games. Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:983-992. [PMID: 38981662 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the incidence and characteristics of injuries and illnesses among Team USA athletes competing at the Santiago 2023 Pan American Games (PAG) and Parapan American Games (PPAG), with a particular focus on the incidence of respiratory illnesses and on injuries for sports new to the Olympic and Paralympic programmes. METHODS Illnesses and injuries occurring among the 870 Team USA athletes competing in the Santiago 2023 PAG or PPAG were documented within Team USA's Injury and Illness Surveillance system. Illness and injury incidence per 1000 athlete-days (ADs) and incidence ratios (IR) were calculated, both with 95% CIs. RESULTS Illness (IR 2.5, 95% CI 1.6, 3.9) and injury (IR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3, 2.5) rates were greater during PPAG compared with PAG. Illness rates were higher in the pre-opening ceremony period compared with the competition period for both PAG (IR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1, 5.9) and PPAG (IR 1.9, 95% CI 0.9, 3.8). Respiratory illness was the most common illness with 3.2% and 8.9% of all Team USA athletes reporting a respiratory illness during the PAG and PPAG, respectively. Sports that are relatively new to the Olympic/Paralympic programmes exhibited the highest injury rates during the Games: breaking (250.0 (91.7, 544.2) per 1000 ADs), Para taekwondo (93.8 (19.3, 274.0) per 1000 ADs) and surfing (88.9 (24.2, 227.6) per 1000 ADs). CONCLUSION Respiratory illness rates were the most common type of illness during both PAG and PPAG and were more likely to occur prior to competition starting. Our data have identified high injury risk populations (breaking, surfing, Para taekwondo) and timing (pre-opening ceremony period) for further risk factor analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Post
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Travis Anderson
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Olivia Samson
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Ashley N Triplett
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexis D Gidley
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Steven S Isono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Watters
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Amber T Donaldson
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Jonathan T Finnoff
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - William M Adams
- Department of Sports Medicine, United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- United States Coalition for the Prevention of Illness and Injury in Sport, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
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Weinrich L, Niemann M, Braun KF, Ahmad SS, Stöckle U, Meller S. Increased asphericity of the femoral head-neck junction in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes - a retrospective case-control study. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2024; 52:333-342. [PMID: 37684261 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2023.2256210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breaking has gained public attention as a form of sports activity. The associated intense movements of the hip joints are possibly linked to the development of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Therefore, this study aimed to assess clinical and radiographic FAI measures in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes. METHODS The study cohort consisted of professional breakers with persisting hip pain who were 1:1 matched to a cohort of FAI patients without professional sports careers from our outpatient clinic. The primary endpoint assessed on standardized plain radiographs was the alpha angle (AA). Further measures were the acetabular index (AI), lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), crossover sign, ischial spine sign, and femoral head extrusion index (FHEI). The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were used to obtain patient-reported measures. RESULTS We recruited ten professional breakers and matched them to ten hobby athletes. The median AA was significantly higher in the breakers compared with the hobby athletes (73° [IQR 66.5°, 84.2°]) vs. 61.8° [IQR 59.5°, 64.8°], p = 0.0004). There was a significant reduction in weekly training hours in breakers after diagnosis (13.0 hours [interquartile range [IQR] 9.5, 32.4] to 1.5 hours [IQR 0, 4.8], p = 0.0039). There were no inter-group differences regarding mHHS, WOMAC, and additional radiographic measurements. CONCLUSION Breakers have higher AA in cam-type FAI compared to nonprofessional athletes. The corresponding hip pain significantly reduced training hours and caused the end of their breaking career. The potentially high prevalence of FAI in breakers and the corresponding consequences need to be considered early when athletes present with hip pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Weinrich
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Niemann
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl F Braun
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sufian S Ahmad
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Stöckle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Meller
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Arundale AJH, McNulty R, Snyder C, O'Brien J, Stöggl T. Injury, Training, Biomechanical, and Physiological Profiles of Professional Breakdancers. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:1123-1135. [PMID: 37795328 PMCID: PMC10547081 DOI: 10.26603/001c.87762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breakdancing or breaking will enter the Olympics in 2024, however, there is a paucity of literature exploring the epidemiology, demands, and performance. Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe injury and training profiles, along with the results of a short performance test battery, in a group of elite breakers. Study Design Cross-sectional study (retrospective). Methods Fourteen breakdancers (breakers) (4 Bgirls, 10 Bboys) participated in an interview regarding their injury and training history, endurance test (cycle VO2max testing), counter movement jump, squat jump, drop jump, isometric hip abduction, adduction, shoulder external and internal rotation strength testing on a fixed-frame dynamometer. Breakers were divided into elite (n=10) and developing (n=4) based on their qualification for a world finals competition; Wilcoxen rank sums were used to compare the two groups, or in the case of strength testing between those with and without an injury history. Results The breakers had a median 11.0 [10.0 - 14.0] years breaking experience and trained 24.4 [20.5 - 30.0] hours per week. The knee was the most commonly injured body part and most frequently injured joint, with the thigh being the most common site for muscle injuries. There were no differences in endurance testing or jump height testing results between elite and developing breakers. There was no difference in shoulder external or internal rotation strength between athletes with a history of shoulder injury and those without. Similarly, there was no difference in hip abduction or adduction strength in those with a history of hip injury and those without. Conclusion The results of this study should be viewed with caution due to the small sample size. However, this study is the first to publish functional and physiological descriptives on breakers. The authors hope these results support clinicians treating breakers as well as encourages future research related to breaking. Level of Evidence 2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J H Arundale
- Rehabilitation Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System
- Red Bull Athlete Performance GmbH
| | | | - Cory Snyder
- Red Bull Athlete Performance GmbH
- Sport and Exercise Science University of Salzburg
| | | | - Thomas Stöggl
- Red Bull Athlete Performance GmbH
- Sport and Exercise Science University of Salzburg
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4
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Cousin F, Poisson F. Les blessures liées à la pratique du Breakdance : étude épidémiologique transversale descriptive chez les danseurs amateurs et professionnels de plus de dix-huit ans. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Honrado J, Bay RC, Lam KC. Epidemiology of Patients with Dance-Related Injuries Presenting to Emergency Departments in the United States, 2014-2018. Sports Health 2021; 13:471-475. [PMID: 33550939 DOI: 10.1177/1941738120984113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Updated rates and patterns associated with patients with dance-related injuries reporting to US emergency departments (EDs) is needed. HYPOTHESIS Between the years 2014 and 2018, there will be an observed rise of patients with dance-related injuries seen within US EDs. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS Utilizing the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database, data were abstracted for all structured dance-related injuries for all people who presented to a NEISS participating hospital from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018. Data were abstracted on age, sex, race, disposition, location on the body where the injury happened, and free text box regarding the mechanism and nature of the injury. Each patient case was associated with a weight to provide national incidence rate (per 100,000) estimates. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize counts, percentages, and rates across patient cases. RESULTS Between years 2014 and 2018, 4152 patients reported to the NEISS EDs with a dance-related injury. Most injuries occurred in female patients (83.3%; n = 3459) and among those who were 10 to 18 years old (76.2%; n = 3164). The most common injuries were ankle sprain/strain (12.7%; n = 527) and knee sprain/strain (10.4%; n = 431). Almost all patients were treated and released (97.1%; n = 4033). These data yielded population-weighted estimates of 125,618 injuries for the study period, with an increasing trend over time (19.2% increase over 5 years). Incidence rates were over 4 times higher for female (12.4) than for male patients (3.0) and highest in the 10- to 18-year-old age group (incidence rate = 46.4). CONCLUSION Patients with dance-related injuries reporting to EDs increased over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018. The majority of dancers in the study were female patients, between the ages of 10 and 18 years, nearly half of the patients reported to the ED with a sprain/strain, and almost all patients were treated and released. CLINICAL RELEVANCE An increase in access to proper injury prevention medical services and education should be provided to female dancers between the ages of 10 and 18 years. STRENGTH OF RECOMMENDATION TAXONOMY B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Honrado
- Harkness Center for Dance Injuries, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York.,Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona
| | - R Curt Bay
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona
| | - Kenneth C Lam
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona
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6
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Sekulic D, Prus D, Zevrnja A, Peric M, Zaletel P. Predicting Injury Status in Adolescent Dancers Involved in Different Dance Styles: A Prospective Study. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 7:children7120297. [PMID: 33339342 PMCID: PMC7765997 DOI: 10.3390/children7120297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The positive effects of dance on health indices in youth are widely recognized, but participation in dance is accompanied with a certain risk of injury. This prospective study aimed to investigate injury occurrence and to evaluate the possible influences of specific predictors on the occurrence of musculoskeletal problems and injuries in adolescent dancers. Participants were 126 dancers (21 males; 11–18 years), who were competitors in the urban dance, rock and roll, and standard/Latin dance genres. Predictors included sociodemographic factors, anthropometric/body build indices, sport (dance) factors, and dynamic balance. The outcome variable was injury status, and this was evaluated by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC). Predictors were evaluated at baseline, and outcomes were continuously monitored during the study period of 3 months. During the study course, 53% of dancers reported the occurrence of a musculoskeletal problem/injury, and dancers suffered from an average of 0.72 injuries over the study period (95% CI: 0.28–1.41), giving a yearly injury rate of 280%. Gender and dance styles were not significantly related to the occurrence of injury. Higher risk for injury was evidenced in older and more experienced dancers. Dynamic balance, as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), was a significant protective factor of injury occurrence, irrespective of age/experience in dance. Knowing the simplicity and applicability of the SEBT, continuous monitoring of dynamic balance in adolescent dancers is encouraged. In order to prevent the occurrence of musculoskeletal problems/injuries in youth dancers, we suggest the incorporation of specific interventions aimed at improving dynamic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Sekulic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dasa Prus
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.P.); (P.Z.)
| | | | - Mia Peric
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Petra Zaletel
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.P.); (P.Z.)
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7
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Abstract
Because of increased choreographic demands, early specialization, multi-genre dancers, and high incidence of career-ending injuries, there is a need for enhanced training methodologies to address the unique needs of today's professional dancer. It is imperative for company directors, instructors, choreographers, and dance medicine practitioners to consider implementing the most specific conditioning and training programs to prepare their dancers to meet or exceed expectations without resultant injury. Quantifying effectiveness of choreography-specific training programs is an area for further research. The implementation of scientific principles can and should be used to enhance dancers' health, performance, athleticism, and artistry.
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8
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Injury Occurrence in Modern and Hip-Hop Dancers: A Systematic Literature Review. Zdr Varst 2020; 59:195-201. [PMID: 32952721 PMCID: PMC7478093 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dance-related injuries have become a field of great interest to researchers, with the most commonly reported injuries being those sustained by ballet dancers. However, there is a lack of research into injuries sustained by those who perform modern and hip-hop dance. Methods A systematic literature review using the MEDLINE research database was performed and a search carried out for full-text studies that investigate injuries in modern and hip-hop dance. Results While a total of 74 hits were obtained from various searches, only nine studies were included in the systematic literature review. Six of them examined modern dancers, two examined break dancers and one examined hip-hop dancers. The results show that hip-hop dancers (and especially break dancers) sustain more injuries in comparison to modern dancers. The most common injuries are in the lower extremities, with studies revealing that overuse injuries occur in up to 71% of cases. Conclusions The injury incidence rate in hip-hop dance seems to be higher compared to modern dance, chiefly because of the more demanding biomechanics involved and the dance techniques employed. Prevention management can have a positive effect on the number of injuries.
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9
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Burggraf M, Burgsmüller L, Meyer HL, Polan C, Husen M, Mester B, Dudda M, Kauther MD. [Injuries in inline skater hockey]. SPORTVERLETZUNG-SPORTSCHADEN 2020; 34:212-216. [PMID: 32854130 DOI: 10.1055/a-1148-3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In Germany, Inline Skater Hockey (ISH) is played by about 7500 active players on inline skates with equipment comparable to ice hockey using a hard-plastic ball. The aim of this retrospective epidemiological cross-sectional study is to record the frequency and types of injuries in this sport, for which there is a lack of medically adequate studies in the literature. A questionnaire comprising 112 items was used to collect demographic data, injuries in eight body regions and defined overuse injuries. 274 ISH players with an average age of 24.5 ± 6.2 years and an exposure time of 2787 ± 2063 hours were examined. 5701 injuries were recorded, 60.5 % of which were minor bruises, abrasions and wounds. The total injury rate per 1000 hours was 9.6 ± 17.7, with an injury-related break of 12.8 ± 21.8 weeks per player. Field players with visors had highly significantly fewer head injuries (2.8 ± 6.1 vs. 8.9 ± 13.1; p < 0.001) with highly significantly (p < 0.001) fewer lacerations, nasal bone fractures, eye injuries and dental injuries. There was a weak negative correlation between facial protection and number of head injuries (r = -0.386, p < 0.001). In conclusion, frequency and types of injuries in ISH are comparable to ice hockey during training. In accordance with ice hockey, protective equipment in ISH can significantly reduce the occurrence of head injuries. Preventive attention should be paid to the wearing of a full visor and to education about the occurrence of concussions despite the use of a protective helmet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Martin Husen
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen
| | | | - Marcel Dudda
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen
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10
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French HP, Deasy M, Gallagher R, O'Grady A, Doyle F. Prevalence of Hip or Groin Pain in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Pract 2020; 20:792-811. [PMID: 32362057 DOI: 10.1111/papr.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain is a common cause of pain in adolescence and can be an important predictor of future pain. The prevalence of hip or groin pain that could potentially affect different adolescent populations has not yet been systematically reviewed. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence of hip or groin pain in this population. Five electronic databases were searched until January 2019 for eligible studies that included males and females 13 to 19 years of age. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessments were completed by 2 independent researchers. Based on inclusion criteria, 8 population-based, 8 clinical, and 4 sports populations were included. Studies were conducted in Europe, North America, and Australia. The prevalence was dichotomized into "0 to 3 months" and "3 months and above." Meta-analyses were performed to estimate the prevalence from 0 to 3 months, and individual estimates were reported for studies of 3 months and above. The overall prevalence of hip or groin pain in all adolescents from 0 to 3 months was 12% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6%, 23%) based on 10 studies, and was 7% (95% CI 6%, 10%) based on 7 population studies. Caution should be applied to these estimates due to substantial study heterogeneity. The pain prevalence in cerebral palsy from 0 to 3 months based on 4 studies was 13% (95% CI 10%, 15%). Individual prevalence estimates were 6% and 31% in obese and 4% in hypermobility populations, respectively, and ranged from 6% to 100% in 4 sports studies. The validity of these estimates is compromised by poor methodological quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret Deasy
- Physiotherapy Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Frank Doyle
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Korczynski M, Nguyen A, Snyder T. The “Cone-Head” sign: Magnetic resonance image findings of the “Headspin Hole”, an overuse injury found in breakdancers. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 15:489-491. [PMID: 32140193 PMCID: PMC7044494 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakdancing can cause the formation of a painless lump on the scalp at the vertex of the skull, with associated hair loss called a “Headspin Hole.” This occurs secondary to chronic inflammation from performing spinning dance moves on the head. We present the radiological findings of the “Headspin Hole” in a 38-year-old male with a history of breakdancing. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cone-shaped deformity on the vertex of the skull with deep scalp thickening adjacent to the outer-table cortex. Currently in the literature, there is no description of the radiological findings of this cone-shaped deformity on the vertex of the skull, we refer to this as the “Cone-Head Sign.”
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12
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Cardoso AA, Reis NM, Vieira MDCS, Borgatto AF, Folle A, Guimarães ACDA. Associated factors and profile of injuries in professional ballroom dancers in Brazil: a cross-sectional study. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574202000020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Steffen K, Soligard T, Mountjoy M, Dallo I, Gessara AM, Giuria H, Perez Alamino L, Rodriguez J, Salmina N, Veloz D, Budgett R, Engebretsen L. How do the new Olympic sports compare with the traditional Olympic sports? Injury and illness at the 2018 Youth Olympic Summer Games in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Br J Sports Med 2019; 54:168-175. [PMID: 31796464 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe injuries and illnesses across traditional and new sports among the participating athletes of the Buenos Aires 2018 Youth Olympic Summer Games (BA YOG) (6-18 October 2018). METHODS We recorded the daily number of athlete injuries and illnesses (1) through the reporting of all National Olympic Committee (NOC) medical teams and (2) in the polyclinic and medical venues manned by the BA YOG 2018 medical staff. RESULTS In total, 3.984 athletes from 206 NOCs were observed. NOCs and BA YOG 2018 medical staff reported 619 injuries and 334 illnesses, equalling 15.5 injuries and 8.4 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 13-day period. The eight new sports on the Youth Olympic programme (futsal, beach handball, karate, roller speed skating, kitesurfing, BMX freestyle, climbing and break dancing) fell in between the other sports with respect to injury and illness risk. Injury incidence was highest in rugby (43% of all rugby players), followed by boxing (33%) and badminton (24%), and lowest in swimming, archery, roller speed skating, equestrian, climbing and rowing (<5%). The highest incidences of illness were recorded in golf (20%), followed by triathlon (16%), beach volleyball and diving (both 14%). Of the illnesses, 50% affected the respiratory system and 15% the gastrointestinal system. Injury and illness incidences varied between continents with athletes representing Europe having significantly fewer injuries and illnesses compared with other continents, apart from a similar illness incidence to Asian athletes. CONCLUSION The overall injury incidence of 15.5 injuries per 100 athletes was higher, while the overall illness incidence of 8.4 illnesses per 100 athletes was similar to previous youth and Olympic Games. The new sports did not differ significantly compared with the other sports with respect to injury and illness risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Steffen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Oslo, Norway .,Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Torbjørn Soligard
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Family Medicine, McMaster University Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Sports Medicine, FINA Bureau, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Veloz
- British Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Richard Budgett
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Oslo, Norway.,Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Ursej E, Sekulic D, Prus D, Gabrilo G, Zaletel P. Investigating the Prevalence and Predictors of Injury Occurrence in Competitive Hip Hop Dancers: Prospective Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173214. [PMID: 31484349 PMCID: PMC6747187 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hip hop is a popular form of competitive and recreational sport worldwide, but studies rarely investigate injury prevalence and factors associated with injury occurrence in this sport. This study aimed to prospectively examine injury occurrence in hip hop dancers in a three-month period and to evaluate potential predictors of injury occurrence in hip hop dancers. The participants were 129 competitive hip hop dancers (114 females, 17.95 ± 4.15 years of age). Study predictors were obtained at study baseline and included sociodemographic factors, sport-related factors, previous injury status, anthropometric and body build indices (body height, mass, body mass index, and body composition variables), and dynamic balance performance (obtained by the Star Excursion Balance Test—SEBT). The outcome was injury occurrence, which was prospectively observed once a week by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC). During the course of the study, 101 injuries occurred, equating to an annual injury incidence of 312%. On average, each dancer suffered 0.78 injuries (95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.61–0.97) across a study period of three months (0.76 (95% CI: 0.60–0.95) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.75–1.13), in females and males, respectively; Mann Whitney Z-value: 0.68, p = 0.52). Seventeen percent of dancers suffered multiple injuries, and 49% of all injuries were time-loss injuries. The knee was the most frequently injured body location (42% of all reported injuries), followed by the back region (32%) and the ankle (15%). Previous injury was a strong predictor of injury occurrence (Odds Ratio: 3.76, 95% CI: 1.87–4.59). Lower injury risk was evidenced among those participants who achieved better scores on several SEBT variables, irrespective of gender and previous injury status; with no significant influence of anthropometric and body build variables on injury occurrence. This study highlighted a high injury rate in hip hop dancers. Dancers and coaches should be informed about the certain protective effects of dynamic balance on the prevention of musculoskeletal injury in hip hop in order to assure safe and effective practices. The usage of SEBT as a convenient and cheap testing procedure is encouraged in other dance disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ursej
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damir Sekulic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Dasa Prus
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Goran Gabrilo
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Petra Zaletel
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Vassallo AJ, Trevor BL, Mota L, Pappas E, Hiller CE. Injury rates and characteristics in recreational, elite student and professional dancers: A systematic review. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:1113-1122. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1544538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Jo Vassallo
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bronwyn L Trevor
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia
| | - Liana Mota
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia
| | - Evangelos Pappas
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire E Hiller
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia
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Prevalence, localization, perception and management of pain in dance: an overview. Scand J Pain 2018; 18:567-574. [DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims
Pain is a highly complex bio-psychosocial phenomenon that may present a (potential) health risk and either occurs as a warning sign or a symptom of injury. It cannot be ruled out that these rising or changing requirements in dance of all styles, are reflected in health-related outcomes such as pain. The aim of this narrative review article is to outline an overview of prevalence and localization, concepts of performance pain and injury pain, pain perception and pain management in dance. At that consequences of pain and influencing factors focusing on different dance styles or forms of professionalism are discussed.
Methods
The databases CINAHL, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Medline, MeSH and Web of Science were screened for relevant articles.
Results
Pain prevalence in dance is very high. Pain localizations can be related to high dance-specific mechanical stress on the musculoskeletal system. Depending on the pain characteristics, dancers perceive pain as “positive” (performance pain) or “negative” (injury pain). Concerning pain attitudes and management, dancers show an increasing pain tolerance. Pain seems to be accepted as a necessity, often ignored and dancing is continued despite pain.
Conclusions
The findings of this article suggest that occurrence of pain, pain perception, coping with pain and pain history appear to be connected to dance-specific mechanical stress as well as to socialization in dance culture. In dance, effects of pain on health seem to be associated with characteristics of pain and pain behavior.
Implications
The results highlight the high relevance of pain in dance and the need to take into account preventive as well as rehabilitative measures.
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Gordon CM, Lindner SM, Birbaumer N, Montoya P, Ankney RL, Andrasik F. Self-Myofascial Vibro-Shearing: a Randomized Controlled Trial of Biomechanical and Related Changes in Male Breakdancers. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2018; 4:13. [PMID: 29582181 PMCID: PMC5876229 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-018-0128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background This randomized controlled trial explored the practicality and effectiveness of a novel tool-assisted self-help device, one that combines vibrational oscillation, leverage, and the shearing effect from the edges, for promoting meaningful changes in key biomechanical tissue indices and related parameters. Methods One hundred and thirteen male breakdancers were randomized to an intervention or control group. Individuals assigned to the intervention group performed the self-help treatment on the quadriceps and the iliotibial band of their right thighs for 8 min, while individuals assigned to the control condition merely sat quietly during this period. Various primary outcome measures (e.g., elasticity, stiffness, range of motion, pain pressure threshold sensitization, and blood flow) were assessed before and after the intervention for each participant, with position and posture being standardized throughout. Subjective sensations and a measure selected to assess for potential experimental demand effects, serving as secondary measures, were also administered pre- to post-treatment. Results Stiffness was significantly reduced for both structures (p < 0.001), elasticity and flexibility of the quadriceps were increased significantly (p < 0.001 for each), sensitization was significantly lessened (p < 0.001), and local temperatures increased to a significant degree as well (p < 0.001) when comparing change scores following application of the self-help tool on the treated thighs to those on the untreated thighs. Participants using the self-help tool reported their treated leg as being more relaxed, light, and stable. Conclusions The vibro-shearing manipulation with a muscle-fascia tool resulted in significant improvements in various objective mechanical tissue properties, range of motion, and pain desensitization in healthy, well-conditioned dancers. These promising effects for a new tool-assisted self-treatment indicate further basic investigations are warranted, as are pilot investigations with patient populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40798-018-0128-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Niels Birbaumer
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pedro Montoya
- Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Rachel L Ankney
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frank Andrasik
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Twenty-Year Systematic Review of the Hip Pathology, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes in Artistic Athletes-Dancers, Figure Skaters, and Gymnasts. Clin J Sport Med 2018; 28:82-90. [PMID: 28742616 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify (1) the predominant level of evidence of the clinical studies regarding the hip pathology, risk factors, treatment, and clinical outcomes in artistic athletes (dancers, figure skaters, and gymnasts) (2) the most commonly reported hip pathology, risk factors, treatments, and clinical outcomes in dancers, figure skaters, and gymnasts. METHODS To conduct this systematic review PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched for relevant studies and pertinent data were collected from the eligible articles. Included were studies which reported hip injuries in artistic athletes, the risk factors, treatment, and/or the clinical outcomes. We excluded case reports or irrelevant studies. No meta-analysis was performed because of study heterogeneity. The methodical index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS) criteria were used for quality control. MAIN RESULTS Thirty-eight studies were included in the analysis. The mean MINORS score was 13.6 ± 4.6 points indicating fair quality of evidence of the included articles. The predominant level of evidence was level IV. Chondrolabral pathology and muscle injuries were the most commonly reported pathologies. We found only 2 risk factor analysis studies; however, many studies reported risk correlation between artistic sports or imaging findings and hip pathology. Treatment strategies were reported in only 7 studies, clinical outcomes are significantly underreported. CONCLUSION Chondrolabral pathology was the most commonly reported hip pathology in artistic athletes, however, prospective cohort studies are necessary to really understand these injuries and their associated risk factors. The lack of clinical outcomes is significant and future data collection is required to assess the effectiveness of the various treatments.
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Cardoso AA, Reis NM, Marinho APR, Vieira MDCS, Boing L, Guimarães ACDA. INJURIES IN PROFESSIONAL DANCERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220172306170788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Movement is a fundamental element of dance, and the dancer’s body is the raw material through which the art of dance is expressed; for this, it demands the utmost discipline in the pursuit of technical and artistic excellence. To meet the professional demands, dancers are subjected to strenuous training routines, which can lead to the development of injuries in this environment. The objective was to examine the etiology, main affected segments, prevalence, and instruments used to evaluate the lesions in studies with professional dancers and/or in comparison with similar populations. We selected articles published in the last decade in the databases BIREME, LILACS, MEDLINE EBSCO, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS (Elsevier), and PubMed, with cross-sectional, observational cohort and case control design published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. Systematic reviews, case studies, dissertations, theses, book chapters, cross-referenced articles, and studies published outside of the last decade were not included. The search used combinations of the terms “dancing* and athletic injuries* and musculoskeletal* and pain*”. A principal investigator and two reviewers conducted the survey and analyzed all the potentially relevant articles, initially by the abstract and title. Twelve articles were included, with 1,149 participants (965 professional dancers of classical ballet, modern dance, contemporary dance, and breakdance, 104 amateur dancers, and 80 elite athletes). Nine studies found simultaneous lesions with emphasis on the foot and ankle (n=4), upper and lower limbs lesions (n=4) and lower and upper limb joints (n=1). Other studies have found lesions in the anterior cruciate ligament (n=3). There was no agreement regarding the instruments for detecting lesions in professional, pre-professional, and amateur dancers. There was a prevalence of studies aimed at classical ballet modality, evidencing a higher frequency of lower limb involvement in professional dancers.
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Hu SY, Choi JG, Son BC. Type III Guyon Syndrome in 'B Boy' Break-Dancer: A Case Report. Korean J Neurotrauma 2016; 11:183-6. [PMID: 27169091 PMCID: PMC4847497 DOI: 10.13004/kjnt.2015.11.2.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the musculoskeletal injuries associated with break-dancing which is gaining more popularity among adolescent and young people has been reported, the report regarding a peripheral nerve injury associated with breakdance is scarce. We report a rare case of a young amateur break-dancer, 'b-boy' who suffered from a painful paresthesia in his left hand, later diagnosed as type III Guyon's canal syndrome. A 23-year-old, right handed college man presented with a tenderness over the left hypothenar eminence and painful paresthesia over the ring and little fingers of 3 months duration. He trained himself as an amateur 'b boy' break-dancer for the last 10 months. Conservative management under the diagnosis of wrist sprain before presentation did not improve his hand pain. An magnetic resonance imaging and electrodiagnostic study revealed that painful paresthesia was caused by type III Guyon's canal syndrome, and 4 weeks of corticosteroid treatment was given with resolution of pain and paresthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-young Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-gyu Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-chul Son
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- The Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Wheel-gymnastic-related injuries and overuse syndromes of amateurs and professionals. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2015; 23:2440-2448. [PMID: 24554243 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-014-2899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Wheel gymnastics is a gymnastic discipline with a history of nearly 100 years. So far, there have been no epidemiological studies on injuries in wheel gymnastics. METHODS The retrospective study of wheel gymnasts surveyed 151 "professionals" competing in the first national league and 352 "amateurs" by questionnaire. RESULTS 4,898 injuries and 714 overuse syndromes were found in 988,718.9 h of training, leading to a time loss of 16,302 days. An incidence of 9.44 injuries per 1,000 h was found in wheel gymnastics. "Professionals" had a highly significant lower incidence than "amateurs" (5.23 vs. 11.24 injuries per 1,000 h; p < 0.001). The most common injuries in wheel gymnastics were found at the head (28.1 %), spine (13.75 %), ankle/foot (11.88 %), hip/thigh (11.87 %) and knee (11.61 %). 4,502 (91.9 %) injuries were classified as minor. 221 (4.5 %) injuries caused a time loss of between 1 week and 1 month. 175 (3.6 %) major injuries caused a time loss of longer than 1 month. 1.68 overuse syndromes per 1,000 h were described. CONCLUSION Wheel gymnastics has a high incidence but low severity of injuries compared with other gymnastic sports. Physicians should be aware of the common dangers and overuse syndromes in this highly acrobatic gymnastic discipline. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Abstract
Dancers are clearly athletes in the degree to which sophisticated physical capacities are required to perform at a high level. The standard complement of athletic attributes - muscular strength and endurance, anaerobic and aerobic energy utilization, speed, agility, coordination, motor control, and psychological readiness - all are essential to dance performance. In dance, as in any athletic activity, injuries are prevalent. This paper presents the research background of dance injuries, characteristics that distinguish dance and dancers from traditional sports and athletes, and research-based perspectives into how dance injuries can be reduced or prevented, including the factors of physical training, nutrition and rest, flooring, dancing en pointe, and specialized health care access for dancers. The review concludes by offering five essential components for those involved with caring for dancers that, when properly applied, will assist them in decreasing the likelihood of dance-related injury and ensuring that dancers receive optimum attention from the health care profession: (1) screening; (2) physical training; (3) nutrition and rest; (4) specialized dance health care; and (5) becoming acquainted with the nature of dance and dancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Russell
- Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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Sobhani S, Dekker R, Postema K, Dijkstra PU. Epidemiology of ankle and foot overuse injuries in sports: A systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2012; 23:669-86. [PMID: 22846101 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies regarding ankle and foot overuse injuries are quite diverse in research methodology, data reporting, and outcomes. The aims of this systematic review were to analyze the methodology of published studies regarding ankle and foot overuse injuries in different sports disciplines and to summarize epidemiological data of ankle and foot overuse injuries. Four electronic databases, PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus(®) were systematically searched up to June 2011. A total of 89 articles on 23 sports disciplines were included in this review. Soccer, running, and gymnastics were the most frequently studied sports. Achilles tendinopathy, plantar fasciitis, and stress fracture were the most frequently studied injuries. Study design and reporting methods were heterogeneous. Most studies suffered from a weak methodology and poor reporting. The most common weaknesses were lack of a clear case definition, describing assessment procedures and reporting sample characteristics. Due to methodological heterogeneity of studies, inter-sports and intra-sports comparisons and meta-analysis were not possible. Methodology of most studies on incidence and prevalence of ankle and foot overuse injuries is insufficient. Based on the results, we recommend authors to clearly define cases, describe assessment procedures and report sample characteristics adequately.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sobhani
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Burkhardt J, Brennan C. The effects of recreational dance interventions on the health and well-being of children and young people: A systematic review. Arts Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2012.665810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dance as a Risk Factor for Injuries and Development of Occupational Diseases. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012; 63:239-46. [DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ples kao čimbenik rizika za ozljede i razvoj profesionalnih bolestiOzljede i bolesti mogu znatno utjecati na stvaralačku sposobnost, kreativnost i dostignuća umjetnika. Povezanost uvjeta i načina rada s pojavom bolesti u umjetnika prepoznata je već u srednjem vijeku. Tjelesna zahtjevnost izvedbe, gdje se tijelo koristi kao instrument izražavanja, može uzrokovati ozljede i razvoj profesionalnih bolesti koje mogu dovesti do nemogućnosti umjetničke interpretacije na očekivanoj razini, prekinuti aktivnosti i onemogućiti nastavak profesionalne karijere. Plesači su jedna od skupina umjetnika-izvođača koji su izloženi specifičnim rizicima i kojima treba specifična zdravstvena zaštita, što nije moguće ostvariti bez poznavanja mehanizama nastajanja ozljeda i uvažavanja posebnosti potreba plesača. Mnogi plesači teže visokim umjetničkim i estetskim kriterijima izvedbe, pri čemu često protežu svoje tjelesne mogućnosti i izdržljivost i zanemaruju vlastita tjelesna ograničenja. Zdravstveni problemi plesača obuhvaćaju čitav niz ozljeda, profesionalnih bolesti i bolesti vezanih uz rad koji se kreću od stresa i straha od nastupa sve do poremećaja u prehrambenim navikama. Također obuhvaćaju ozljede mišićno-koštanoga sustava, sindrome prenaprezanja i trenažnoga preopterećenja koje može uzrokovati karakterističnu topološku pojavu boli, koja je često početak kroničnih zdravstvenih problema kod plesača. Navedeni zdravstveni problemi plesača sve su češće područje zanimanja liječnika različitih specijalizacija, unaprjeđenja i provođenja preventivnih programa, dijagnostičkih metoda i liječenja u tom djelu populacije.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for the occurrence of sport injuries in dancers related to anthropometric variables, training, and specific dance characteristics. DESIGN One-year, retrospective, cross-sectional study. SETTING 26th Dance Festival of Joinville (Brazil), 2008. PARTICIPANTS Five hundred dancers (409 women and 91 men) with a mean age of 18.26 ± 4.55 years. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS Dancers participating in the 26th Dance Festival of Joinville (Brazil) were interviewed using the Reported Condition Inquiry, which was previously validated and modified for dance. This questionnaire contains questions addressing the anthropometric data of the volunteers and characteristics of injuries that occurred in the past 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The data were collected through interviews addressing the occurrence of injuries and respective characteristics. Injury was considered any pain or musculoskeletal condition resulting from training and competition sufficient to alter the normal training routine in terms of form, duration, intensity, or frequency. RESULTS A total of 377 injuries (75.40%) of the interviewees reported injuries in the past 12 months. The most affected anatomic segments were the ankle/foot (92 injuries; 28.75%) and thigh/leg (88 injuries; 27.50%) in classical ballet, the thigh/leg (43 injuries; 27.92%) in jazz/contemporary dance, and the knee (22 injuries; 43.14%) in tap/folk dance. The most reported causal mechanisms were dynamic overload and excessive use. CONCLUSIONS Age and body weight were associated with injury in jazz/contemporary dance. Height was associated with injury in classical ballet and tap/folk dance. Duration of practice was associated with injury in classical ballet and jazz/contemporary dance.
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