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Adugna T, Selale G, Regassa G. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents in Some Common Spices Available in the Local Market of North Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3349-3361. [PMID: 37973776 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the contents of heavy metals in some common spices commercially available in the North Shewa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Korarima seed (Aframomum corrorima), ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale), red pepper fruit (Capsicum annum), and turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) samples were randomly collected from the Fiche open market. These spice samples were digested using a mixture of 3 mL of HNO3 (69-72%) and 1 mL of HClO4 (70%), where organic components are assumed to decompose into gaseous forms while other heavy metal elements are left in the solution. The contents of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cd, and Pb) in the spices were determined by inductively coupled plasma‒optical emission spectrometry (ICP‒OES). The results obtained showed that the concentrations of heavy metal in the korarima, red pepper, ginger, and turmeric samples in milligrammes per kilogramme of dry weight were in the range of Fe (38.7-98.9), Mn (10.5-257), Zn (7.30-29.2), Cu (1.70-6.50), Cr (5.40-9.70), Cd (1.50-2.90), Pb (14.5-28.4), and Ni (3.90-6.70). The heavy metal contents in korarima, red pepper, ginger, and turmeric samples were compared with the maximum values given by the World Health Organization (WHO). Accordingly, the Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, and Ni values in the spice samples were found to be lower than the maximum limit of the WHO, while the levels of Pb and Cd in four spice samples and Mn (only in ginger) were higher than the WHO permissible limit. This study shows that the consumption of korarima, red pepper, ginger, and turmeric may pose a serious health threat to consumers due to the high content of lead, cadmium, and manganese (only in ginger) in spices. Therefore, it is suggested that further study be conducted on spice samples based on the origin of cultivation to determine which hotspot is responsible for high levels of contamination of lead, cadmium, and manganese to protect consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teshome Adugna
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Salale University, P.O. Box 245, Fiche, Ethiopia
| | - Girma Selale
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Salale University, P.O. Box 245, Fiche, Ethiopia.
| | - Girma Regassa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Salale University, P.O. Box 245, Fiche, Ethiopia
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Er Caliskan C, Ethmane V, Ciftci H, Ozturk K. Macro- and trace elements in plants from Mauritania and risk assessment. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2023; 16:375-383. [PMID: 37746844 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2023.2253779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the content of elemental levels of eight plants species originating from Mauritania and used as medicinal plant and to assess their risk for human health. The range of elemental content in the studied plant parts of these plant species were 0.51-16.1 mg/g for Ca, 2.63-6.49 mg/g for Mg, 11.2-201 μg/g for Al, 6.5-28.2 μg/g for Zn, 5.6-453 μg/g for Fe, 1.1-6.4 μg/g for Ni, 11.0-302 μg/g for Mn and 0.7-9.0 μg/g for Cu. The Cr, Pb, Cd and Co levels were below the limits of detection in all samples. The estimated weekly intake (EWI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) were calculated. Except for Al the THQ values were below 1, so it could be concluded that these plant species have low probability of causing non-cancer health problems for the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Er Caliskan
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Vatimetou Ethmane
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Harun Ciftci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Cankiri Karatekin University, Institute of Science, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Kubra Ozturk
- Department of Project Coordinator, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
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Islam MS, Chowdhury AI, Shill LC, Reza S, Alam MR. Heavy metals induced health risk assessment through consumption of selected commercially available spices in Noakhali district of Bangladesh. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21746. [PMID: 37954396 PMCID: PMC10638016 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There are growing concerns for food safety due to the risks associated with heavy metal contamination of culinary herbs and spices in developing countries like Bangladesh. The objective of the present cross-sectional study is to determine the concentrations of the heavy metals Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), and Iron (Fe) in the branded and non-branded spices collected from the Noakhali district by Atomic absorption spectrophotometry method, as well as to assess the health hazard risk associated with heavy metals intake via consumption of spices. The findings revealed that the greatest concentrations of Pb (15.47 ± 1.93), Cd (1.65 ± 0.011), Cr (31.99 ± 3.97), Cu (18.84 ± 1.97), and Fe (9.29 ± 1.71) were found in Cardamom, Coriander leaf, Bay leaf, Dried chili, and Black pepper respectively. Around 37 % of Cr and 5 % of Fe Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) were greater than reference doses (RfD). All spices had Total Hazard Quotient (THQ) values for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Fe that were below acceptable, and 37 % of all spices had Total Target Hazard Quotient (TTHQ) values for Pb, Cd, Cu, and Fe that were over the standard range, suggesting adverse health impacts for consumers. Green chili, ginger, coriander leaf, and all kinds of chili powder and turmeric powder have been reported to have exceptionally high TTHQ levels of Cr. The estimated carcinogenic risk for chromium in non-branded coriander leaf was found to be higher than safe levels. This study provides valuable insights into the commonly consumed spices in Bangladesh and their potential health risks associated with heavy metal contamination. The findings of this study can be used by regulatory authorities to develop effective strategies and actions to mitigate these risks and safeguard public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahedul Islam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Akibul Islam Chowdhury
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lincon Chandra Shill
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sompa Reza
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rahanur Alam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
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Alam MNE, Hosen MM, Ullah AKMA, Maksud MA, Khan SR, Lutfa LN, Choudhury TR, Quraishi SB. Lead Exposure of Four Biologically Important Common Branded and Non-branded Spices: Relative Analysis and Health Implication. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4972-4984. [PMID: 36627477 PMCID: PMC9838428 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Technological advances and socioeconomic development of Bangladesh are leading to the best choice between branded and non-branded powdered spices. But toxic metal issues can be another factor to elect them. So lead (Pb) exposure and its consequence on the human body for these two categories of four common spices have been ascertained here. A validated laboratory method using hot plate digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been used for that. The obtained mean concentration of Pb in branded and non-branded spice powders followed the decreasing order of turmeric > coriander > red chili > cumin powder and turmeric > red chili > cumin > coriander powder, respectively, where, in any analysis mode, the non-branded items are potentially ahead of Pb exposure. The market-based mean concentration between these two categories was not a significant difference (t-test). Approximately 90% of the spice samples have shown within the maximum allowable limit by Bangladesh Standard. The sum of estimated daily intake indicated that most of the city market (67%) for non-branded items and some branded (33%) samples have crossed the maximum tolerable daily intake (> 0.21 mg/kg). So, the human health risk assumption for the inhabitant of studied areas suggests there is no significant level of risk for them due to the consumption of spices regarding non-carcinogenic risk factor (THQ and total THQ) and carcinogenic risk factor (CR). But the development of a quality control process for loose spice powders as well as toxic metal screening from raw materials to finish products urgently needed and continuous monitoring with identifying the source of toxic metal is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nur E. Alam
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - M. Mozammal Hosen
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - A. K. M. Atique Ullah
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - M. A. Maksud
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - S. R. Khan
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - L. N. Lutfa
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Tasrina Rabia Choudhury
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Shamshad B. Quraishi
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
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Opuni KF, Kretchy JP, Agyabeng K, Boadu JA, Adanu T, Ankamah S, Appiah A, Amoah GB, Baidoo M, Kretchy IA. Contamination of herbal medicinal products in low-and-middle-income countries: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19370. [PMID: 37674839 PMCID: PMC10477504 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) has grown significantly across low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Consequently, the safety of these products due to contamination is a significant public health concern. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence, types, and levels of contaminants in HMPs from LMICs. A search was performed in seven online databases, i.e., Africa journal online (AJOL), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Health Inter-Network Access to Research Initiative (HINARI), World Health Organization Global Index Medicus (WHO GIM), Scopus, and PubMed using appropriate search queries and reported as per the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA) guidelines. Ninety-one peer-reviewed articles published from 1982 to 2021 from 28 different countries across four continents were included in the study. Although metals, microbial, mycotoxins, pesticides, and residual solvents were the reported contaminants in the 91 articles, metals (56.0%, 51/91), microbial (27.5%, 25/91), and mycotoxins (18.7%, 17/91) were the most predominant. About 16.4% (1236/7518) of the samples had their contaminant levels above the regulatory limits. Samples tested for microbial contaminants had the highest proportion (46.4%, 482/1039) of contaminants exceeding the regulatory limit, followed by mycotoxins (25.8%, 109/423) and metals (14.3%, 591/4128). The proportion of samples that had their average non-essential metal contaminant levels above the regulatory limit was (57.6%, 377/655), 18.3% (88/480), 10.7% (24/225), and 11.3% (29/257) for Pb, Cd, Hg, and As, respectively. The commonest bacteria species found were Escherichia coli (52.3%, 10/19) and Salmonella species (42.1%, 8/19). This review reported that almost 90% of Candida albicans and more than 80% of moulds exceeded the required regulatory limits. HMP consumption poses profound health implications to consumers and patients. Therefore, designing and/or implementing policies that effectively regulate HMPs to minimize the health hazards related to their consumption while improving the quality of life of persons living in LMICs are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwabena F.M. Opuni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - James-Paul Kretchy
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Central University, P. O. Box 2305, Miotso, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kofi Agyabeng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG13, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph A. Boadu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Theodosia Adanu
- Balme Library, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG24, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Ankamah
- Balme Library, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG24, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alexander Appiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Geralda B. Amoah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mariam Baidoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Irene A. Kretchy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG43, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Ghidotti M, Papoci S, Pietretti D, Ždiniaková T, de la Calle Guntiñas MB. Use of elemental profiles determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence and multivariate analyses to detect adulteration in Ceylon cinnamon. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5437-5449. [PMID: 37587311 PMCID: PMC10444698 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The price of Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon) is around twice as high as that of the other cinnamon varieties commonly grouped under the name cassia cinnamon, making the former spice an attractive target for fraudsters. This work demonstrates that elemental profiles obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence in combination with multivariate analyses can be used as a screening method to detect Ceylon cinnamon adulteration. Thirty-six elements were analysed in 52 commercially available cinnamon samples, 29 Ceylon, 8 cassia, and 15 for which no indication about variety was provided. Fifty-eight percent of the samples were either adulterated or did not meet international quality criteria. Four of the ground cinnamon samples labelled as Ceylon cinnamon were found to be pure cassia or a mixture with a high cassia content, and 26 samples were suspected of other types of adulteration including replacement of bark with other parts of the cinnamon tree. Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ash determination by thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the conclusions reached by elemental analysis. Only one sample labelled as Ceylon cinnamon and that according to its volatile composition was cassia cinnamon was not flagged as suspicious by elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergej Papoci
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Geel, Belgium
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Mosallaei S, Abbasi S, Jalalian E, Amiri H, Hoseini M. Heavy metals in edible red soil of the rainbow island in the Persian gulf: Concentration and health risk assessment. Chemosphere 2023; 331:138778. [PMID: 37121284 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Red soil of Hormuz Island has become a tourist attraction and it has various industrial applications. Despite the uncertainty of the health effects, geophagy is one of the common ways of people exposure to the red soil. This soil is widely used as a local spice and plays an important role in the food culture of the region. This study aimed to quantify the level of selected heavy metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, Ag, Cd, Hg) in the red soil. The content of the metals was measured by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). Moreover, risk assessment via heavy metals was carried out by computing the values of Total Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI). The results of this study showed that Fe was the most abundant metal among all analyzed metals and the health risk associated with Fe was individually higher than other measured metals. Altough the value for total heavy metals toxicity assessment was found lower than 1 , due to increasing use of red soil as a spice among Hormuz island natives, establishing special industries in order to reducing the amount of heavy metals content in red soil is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamim Mosallaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajjad Abbasi
- Department of Earth Sciences, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran; Centre for Environmental Studies and Emerging Pollutants (ZISTANO), Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eshagh Jalalian
- Department of Geogeraphy and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Amiri
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hoseini
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Winiarska-Mieczan A, Jachimowicz K, Kwiecień M, Krusiński R, Kislova S, Sowińska L, Zasadna Z, Yanovych D. The Content of Cd and Pb in Herbs and Single-Component Spices Used in Polish Cuisine. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3567-3581. [PMID: 36205876 PMCID: PMC10160165 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Spices and herbs play an important role in the human diet, mostly due to the presence of essential oils and high antioxidant activity. Therefore, the toxicity of metals raises concerns about the safety of consumption of spices and herbs. This paper examines the content of Cd and Pb in fresh and dried herbs and single-component spices that are the most popular in Polish cuisine: 100 samples of nine kinds of dried herbs, 184 samples of 15 kinds of fresh herbs and 148 samples of 14 kinds of loose single-component spices. The level of Cd and Pb was determined using the GF AAS method. The safety of herbs and spices for consumption was estimated based on the percentage intake of Cd and Pb compared with the tolerable intake (% TWI, % BMDL), chronic daily intake (CDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and comparisons of the results of chemical analyses with the maximum admissible levels of Cd and Pb in Poland and in the European Union. Calculated per fresh weight of the product, dried herbs on average contained 0.134 ± 0.168 mg of Cd and 0.548 ± 0.161 mg of Pb per kg-1, fresh herbs on average contained 0.004 ± 0.007 mg of Cd and 0.039 ± 0.033 mg of Pb per kg-1, and the mean content of Cd in spices was 0.017 ± 0.019 mg per kg-1 and 0.064 ± 0.050 mg of Pb. The % TWI, % BMDL, CDI, THQ and HI (Cd + Pb) for all the analysed products were lower than 1. The results do not imply a risk due to the supply of Cd and Pb with the diet to the human body, primarily due to the small intake of these products. However, it should be highlighted that the content of Cd in dried coriander and estragon and that of Pb in watercress, jiaogulan, celery, basil and dill exceeded the acceptable limit. Thus, their consumption for people from particularly sensitive groups such as babies, pregnant and breastfeeding women and people should be carefully limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Karolina Jachimowicz
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kwiecień
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Krusiński
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Svitlana Kislova
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Lesya Sowińska
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Zvenyslava Zasadna
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Yanovych
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Feed Additives, Lviv, Ukraine
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Mo X, Huang J, Sun Y, Chen X, Deng Y, Liu C, Jin W, Nie J, Zhang Y. Simple, rapid, portable and quantitative sensing of Fe3+ ions via analyte-triggered redox reactions mediating Tyndall effect enhancement of Au nanoparticles. Microchem J 2022; 174:107075. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Minh NP. Possibility of Pulsed Electric Field and Essential Oil Pre-treatment, Microwave-air Dehydration to the Quality of the Dehydrated Sesban (Sesbania sesban) Flower. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2021; 15:2302-2316. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.4.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-heat ahead-treatment in advance of the main dehydration is essential to preserve the quality and ensure food safety. Pulsed electric field (PEF) utilizes a high-voltage electric field in a very short duration to inhibit microbes and enzymes while maintaining the most sensory and nutritional characteristics. For thermal sensitive components, the dehydration process should be performed at low temperatures. Freeze dehydration, vacuum dehydration required high cost for equipment, energy consumption, low quantity in long dehydration time. Microwave-air dehydration is considered as a promising alternative technical approach. Sesban (Sesbania sesban) flower contains numerous phytochemical components promoting health-benefit. However, it’s highly perishable after harvesting. Consumers enjoy the dried sesban flower as a healthy drink. This study examined the possibility of PEF ahead-treatment in microbial inhibition and enzymatic inactivation; essential oil and Microwave-air dehydration on retention of total phenolic content (TPC), vitamin C, 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl of free radical scavenging (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the dehydrated sesban flower. Research also monitored the microbial stability of the dehydrated sesban flower during 12 months of preservation. Results showed that PEF at pulse strength 1000 kV/cm, pulse duration 90 µs, pulse number 45 was remarkably inactivated polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in raw material. Rosemary essential oil soaked for sesban flower before dehydration positively preserved the ascorbic acid, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. These PEF and essential oil ahead-treatments strongly facilitated for the main Microwave-air dehydration. Among different air temperatures from 20°C to 40°C in microwave-air dehydration, the highest Vitamin C, TPC, DPPH and FRAP of the dried flower were recorded at air temperature from 20°C to 30°C with no significant difference. Meanwhile, airspeed 1.2 m/s showed the highest Vitamin C, TPC, DPPH and FRAP of the dried flower with no significant difference with airspeed 1.4 m/s and 1.6 m/s. There was no significant difference in Vitamin C, TPC, DPPH and FRAP of the dried flower by microwave power from 1.15 to 1.45W/g. Therefore, a combination of microwave and air dehydration at air temperature 25°C, airspeed 1.2 m/s, the microwave energy density of 1.45 W/g was recommended to better preserve vitamin C, TPC, DPPH, FRAP. Microbial stability of the dehydrated flower was also observed during 12 months of storage by 3 month-interval sampling. Coliform, yeast and mold criteria in dried product were stable within acceptable limits.
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Halo Jr M, Bułka K, Antos PA, Greń A, Slanina T, Ondruška Ľ, Tokárová K, Massányi M, Formicki G, Halo M, Massányi P. The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on rabbit spermatozoa motility and viability parameters in vitro. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7450-7454. [PMID: 34867049 PMCID: PMC8626300 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc plays a very important role in various biological activities of the body. Multifaceted role of zinc is also known in testes development, spermatogenesis, capacitation and has effect on spermatozoa motility. On the other hand, the growing industry of nanotechnology has created reasonable interest of the risk assessment for nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on rabbit spermatozoa. Fresh semen was collected from sexually mature New Zealand rabbits. Experimental groups were prepared by diluting semen with ZnO nanoparticles in seven different concentrations (6-391 mg/mL). The experimental groups were compared with control group. Semen was assessed using computer assisted semen analysis (CASA) at intervals of 0, 1, 2 and 3 h of incubation. The mitochondrial toxicity assay (MTT) assay was used to determine cell viability. The results of monitored motility parameters in experimental groups showed a decreasing trend during whole experiment. Significant decrease (P < 0.001) of motility and progressive motility was observed after 3 h of incubation in samples cultured with higher ZnO nanoparticles in comparison to the control group. After 3 h of incubation, viability of rabbit spermatozoa showed slightly increased values in group with the lowest concentration of ZnO nanoparticles, but in other groups viability showed non-significant decrease compared to control. Similar tendency was detected for spermatozoa membrane integrity. These original data show the negative dose-dependent effect of ZnO nanoparticles on spermatozoa motility and viability parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Halo Jr
- AgroBioTech, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Klaudia Bułka
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Pedagogical University of Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr A. Antos
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Greń
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Pedagogical University of Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Ondruška
- Institute of Farm Animals, Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, Luzianky, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Tokárová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Massányi
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Grzegorz Formicki
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Pedagogical University of Kraków, Poland
| | - Marko Halo
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Massányi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Martins AC, Krum BN, Queirós L, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Manganese in the Diet: Bioaccessibility, Adequate Intake, and Neurotoxicological Effects. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:12893-12903. [PMID: 32298096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that participates in several biological processes. Mn serves as a cofactor for several enzymes, such as glutamine synthetase and oxidoreductases, that have an important role in the defense of the organisms against oxidative stress. The diet is the main source of Mn intake for humans, and adequate daily intake levels for this metal change with age. Moreover, in higher amounts, Mn may be toxic, mainly to the brain. Here, we provide an overview of Mn occurrence in food, addressing its bioaccessibility and discussing the dietary standard and recommended intake of Mn consumption. In addition, we review some mechanisms underlying Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Bárbara Nunes Krum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Libânia Queirós
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Department of Molecular of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
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García-Galdeano JM, Villalón-Mir M, Medina-Martínez J, Vázquez-Foronda LM, Zamora-Bustillos JG, Agil A, Moor-Davie SMF, Navarro-Alarcón M. Zn, Cu, and Fe Concentrations in Dehydrated Herbs (Thyme, Rosemary, Cloves, Oregano, and Basil) and the Correlation with the Microbial Counts of Listeria monocytogenes and Other Foodborne Pathogens. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111658. [PMID: 33198398 PMCID: PMC7696647 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zn, Cu, and Fe concentrations were measured in dehydrated herbs (thyme, rosemary, cloves, oregano, and basil) marketed in bulk or packaged in glass or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Microbial counts of Listeria monocytogenes and other five foodborne pathogens were also checked when herbs were previously added to the growing media. The highest mean concentrations were found in basil for Zn and Cu, and in thyme and basil for Fe; the lowest ones for these minerals were in cloves (p < 0.05). Basil had significantly higher microbial counts in five of the six foodborne pathogens studied (p < 0.05). Cloves have the best hygienic quality as there is no microbial growth of L. monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacillus cereus; they therefore could be used as a natural preservative in food. Aromatic herbs marketed in bulk showed a significantly higher microbial count (p < 0.05). Zn, Cu, and Fe concentrations were positively correlated with microbial growth for L. monocytogenes, C. perfringens, B. cereus, and psychrophilic microorganisms (p < 0.05), so they could act as a growing factor for the foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María García-Galdeano
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
| | - Marina Villalón-Mir
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute of Granada, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
| | - José Medina-Martínez
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
| | - Lydia María Vázquez-Foronda
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
| | - Jessandra Gabriela Zamora-Bustillos
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
| | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
| | - Sofía María Fonseca Moor-Davie
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
| | - Miguel Navarro-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.G.-G.); (M.V.-M.); (J.M.-M.); (L.M.V.-F.); (J.G.Z.-B.); (S.M.F.M.-D.)
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute of Granada, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Amir M, Aljishi F, Alamer MH, Al‐Shaban HR, Alsadah ZA, Alsultan BM, Aldawood NA, Chathoth S, Almofty SA. Quality variation and standardization of black pepper (
Piper nigrum
): A comparative geographical evaluation based on instrumental and metabolomics analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4772. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Amir
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Aljishi
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwah Hussain Alamer
- College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Radhi Al‐Shaban
- College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Alawi Alsadah
- College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Mohammed Alsultan
- College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ali Aldawood
- College of Clinical PharmacyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahanas Chathoth
- Department of Biochemistry, College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Ameen Almofty
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical ConsultationsImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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L Gonçalves L, Fernandes T, Bernardo MA, A Brito J. Assessment of Human Health Risk of Toxic Elements Due to Cinnamon Ingestion in the Diet. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:313-324. [PMID: 30191399 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies highlighted the beneficial action of cinnamon on postprandial glycemia and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, both in healthy subjects and type 2 diabetic patients. Inclusion of 3 to 6 g of cinnamon in diet revealed a beneficial effect on glucose metabolism control in non-diabetic adults during postprandial period. Given the levels of toxic elements present in cinnamon species from different countries, such large daily intakes of cinnamon can easily exceed their maximum permissible limits and, consequently, induce adverse health effects. This study aimed to investigate the elemental concentration profile in cinnamon powder products available in the Portuguese market and to assess the cumulative non-carcinogenic risk to human health due to the exposure to mixtures of such elements through the inclusion of 6 g of cinnamon in diet. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, Cl, Mn, and Sr were determined by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in different lots of eight branded and one bulk cinnamon powder products. Linear mixed models have revealed significant differences in concentrations of Zn, Fe, Al, and Cl between brands. In particular, bulk cinnamon samples presented the highest contents of Fe (475.0-490.0 mg kg-1) and Al (1139.0-1336.0 mg kg-1). The non-carcinogenic risk was assessed following EPA's guidelines through the hazard quotient (HQ). Estimated HQ values were lower than the USEPA guideline of 1. Additionally, the hazard index (HI), representing the combined non-carcinogenic effects of all toxic elements, revealed no potential human health risk for heavy consumers of cinnamon (HI = 0.660). AbstractGraphical ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa L Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal.
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Alexandra Bernardo
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - José A Brito
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
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Baig JA, Bhatti S, Kazi TG, Afridi HI. Evaluation of Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel and Lead in Common Spices in Pakistan. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:586-595. [PMID: 29882119 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative assessments and daily intake of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) were conducted in the 26 common spices collected from the market of Hyderabad, Pakistan. Conventional acid digestion procedure was applied for dissolution of common spices and the contents of toxic elemental were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The conventional acid digestion method was validated by certified reference materials and standard addition. A wide variability was observed in the levels of toxic elements in common spices. The toxic elements in common spices were found in decreasing order as Ni > Pb > As > Cd. The contents of As, Cd, Ni and Pb in common spices were observed highest in coriander seed, allspices, nigella seed and black cumin seed, respectively. The current study revealed that the toxic elements in common spices were varied from region to region. However, the estimated intake of As, Cd, Ni and Pb from common spices were within the WHO tolerable weekly intake. The data of risk assessment indicated that As, Cd, Ni, and Pb in common spices may not have any toxic risk except the As in carom, coriander and nigella seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel Ahmed Baig
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Saba Bhatti
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
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Abukawsar MM, Saleh‐e‐In MM, Ahsan MA, Rahim MM, Bhuiyan MNH, Roy SK, Ghosh A, Naher S. Chemical, pharmacological and nutritional quality assessment of black pepper (Piper nigrumL.) seed cultivars. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Md. Moshfekus Saleh‐e‐In
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Services (INARS), BCSIR Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa
- Food Toxicology Research SectionIFSTBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md. Aminul Ahsan
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Services (INARS), BCSIR Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md. Matiur Rahim
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa
- Food Toxicology Research SectionIFSTBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nurul Huda Bhuiyan
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa
- Food Toxicology Research SectionIFSTBangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Sudhangshu Kumar Roy
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Apu Ghosh
- Department of ChemistryJagannath University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Shamsun Naher
- Department of ChemistryJagannath University Dhaka Bangladesh
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Brima EI. Levels of Essential Elements in Different Medicinal Plants Determined by Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. J Anal Methods Chem 2018; 2018:7264892. [PMID: 29744234 PMCID: PMC5884149 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7264892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the content of essential elements in medicinal plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Five different medical plants (mahareeb (Cymbopogon schoenanthus), sheeh (Artemisia vulgaris), harjal (Cynanchum argel delile), nabipoot (Equisetum arvense), and cafmariam (Vitex agnus-castus)) were collected from Madina city in the KSA. Five elements Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Se were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Fe levels were the highest and Se levels were the lowest in all plants. The range levels of all elements in all plants were as follows: Fe 193.4-1757.9, Mn 23.6-143.7, Zn 15.4-32.7, Se 0.13-0.92, and Cu 11.3-21.8 µg/g. Intakes of essential elements from the medical plants in infusion were calculated: Fe 4.6-13.4, Mn 6.7-123.2, Zn 7.0-42.7, Se 0.14-1.5, and Cu 1.5-5.0 µg/dose. The calculated intakes of essential elements for all plants did not exceed the daily intake set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). These medicinal plants may be useful sources of essential elements, which are vital for health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eid I. Brima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Shabbaj II, Alghamdi MA, Shamy M, Hassan SK, Alsharif MM, Khoder MI. Risk Assessment and Implication of Human Exposure to Road Dust Heavy Metals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 15:E36. [PMID: 29278373 PMCID: PMC5799873 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Data dealing with the assessment of heavy metal pollution in road dusts in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and its implication to human health risk of human exposure to heavy metals, are scarce. Road dusts were collected from five different functional areas (traffic areas (TA), parking areas (PA), residential areas (RA), mixed residential commercial areas (MCRA) and suburban areas (SA)) in Jeddah and one in a rural area (RUA) in Hada Al Sham. We aimed to measure the pollution levels of heavy metals and estimate their health risk of human exposure applying risk assessment models described by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Using geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the pollution level of heavy metals in urban road dusts was in the following order Cd > As > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > V > Mn > Co > Fe. Urban road dust was found to be moderately to heavily contaminated with As, Pb and Zn, and heavily to extremely contaminated with Cd. Calculation of enrichment factor (EF) revealed that heavy metals in TA had the highest values compared to that of the other functional areas. Cd, As, Pb, Zn and Cu were severely enriched, while Mn, V, Co, Ni and Cr were moderately enriched. Fe was considered as a natural element and consequently excluded. The concentrations of heavy metals in road dusts of functional areas were in the following order: TA > PA > MCRA > SA > RA > RUA. The study revealed that both children and adults in all studied areas having health quotient (HQ) < 1 are at negligible non-carcinogenic risk. The only exception was for children exposed to As in TA. They had an ingestion health quotient (HQing) 1.18 and a health index (HI) 1.19. The most prominent exposure route was ingestion. The cancer risk for children and adults from exposure to Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, and Cr was found to be negligible (≤1 × 10-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim I Shabbaj
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mansour A Alghamdi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Magdy Shamy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salwa K Hassan
- Air Pollution Department, National Research Centre, El Behooth Str., 12622 Dokki, Giza , Egypt.
| | - Musaab M Alsharif
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mamdouh I Khoder
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Brima EI. Toxic Elements in Different Medicinal Plants and the Impact on Human Health. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:E1209. [PMID: 29019913 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Local medicinal plants from Madina, Saudi Arabia, are used to cure various diseases. However, some can cause adverse health effects. Five different medicinal plants were collected in the city of Madina: mahareeb (Cymbopogon), sheeh (Artemisia), harjal (Cynanchum argel delile), nabipoot (Equisetum), and kafmariam (Vitex agnus-castus). In total, four toxic elements including Al, Pb, As, and Cd were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The range of recoveries fell between 86.1 and 90.6% for all measured elements. Al levels were the highest of any of the studied elements in all plant samples, with Cymbopogon showing the highest levels. The range of concentrations of Al was 156–1609 mg/kg. Cd appeared at the lowest levels in all plants samples, with Vitex agnus-castus containing this element at the highest levels. Cd concentrations were in the range of 0.01–0.10 mg/kg. A washing process lowered the toxic elements in all plants; average % recoveries were Al (47.32%), As (59.1%), Cd (62.03%), and Pb (32.40%). The calculated human health risk assessment in one dose for toxic elements in all plants was as follows: Al (1.33 × 10−3–5.57 × 10−2 mg/kg.bw), Pb (0–8.86 × 10−5 mg/kg.bw), As (3.43 × 10−7–1.33 × 10−5 mg/kg.bw), and Cd (0–3.14 × 10−6 mg/kg.bw). Medicinal plants are a source of exposure to toxic elements. However, none of the plants in this study exceeded the daily guideline set by the WHO for any element based on conventional use by the local population. We may cautiously conclude that these medicinal plants pose no risk to users based on conventional use.
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Reinholds I, Pugajeva I, Bavrins K, Kuckovska G, Bartkevics V. Mycotoxins, pesticides and toxic metals in commercial spices and herbs. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B 2016; 10:5-14. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1210244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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