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Hodge BA, Meyerhof GT, Katewa SD, Lian T, Lau C, Bar S, Leung NY, Li M, Li-Kroeger D, Melov S, Schilling B, Montell C, Kapahi P. Dietary restriction and the transcription factor clock delay eye aging to extend lifespan in Drosophila Melanogaster. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3156. [PMID: 35672419 PMCID: PMC9174495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many vital processes in the eye are under circadian regulation, and circadian dysfunction has emerged as a potential driver of eye aging. Dietary restriction is one of the most robust lifespan-extending therapies and amplifies circadian rhythms with age. Herein, we demonstrate that dietary restriction extends lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster by promoting circadian homeostatic processes that protect the visual system from age- and light-associated damage. Altering the positive limb core molecular clock transcription factor, CLOCK, or CLOCK-output genes, accelerates visual senescence, induces a systemic immune response, and shortens lifespan. Flies subjected to dietary restriction are protected from the lifespan-shortening effects of photoreceptor activation. Inversely, photoreceptor inactivation, achieved via mutating rhodopsin or housing flies in constant darkness, primarily extends the lifespan of flies reared on a high-nutrient diet. Our findings establish the eye as a diet-sensitive modulator of lifespan and indicates that vision is an antagonistically pleiotropic process that contributes to organismal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Hodge
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Geoffrey T Meyerhof
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Subhash D Katewa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- NGM Biopharmaceuticals, 333 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Ting Lian
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 46 Xinkang Rd, Yucheng District, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Charles Lau
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Sudipta Bar
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Nicole Y Leung
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Menglin Li
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - David Li-Kroeger
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Birgit Schilling
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Craig Montell
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
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Bridi JC, Bereczki E, Smith SK, Poças GM, Kottler B, Domingos PM, Elliott CJ, Aarsland D, Hirth F. Presynaptic accumulation of α-synuclein causes synaptopathy and progressive neurodegeneration in Drosophila. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab049. [PMID: 33997781 PMCID: PMC8111063 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) mislocalization and accumulation in intracellular inclusions is the major pathological hallmark of degenerative synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Typical symptoms are behavioural abnormalities including motor deficits that mark disease progression, while non-motor symptoms and synaptic deficits are already apparent during the early stages of disease. Synucleinopathies have therefore been considered synaptopathies that exhibit synaptic dysfunction prior to neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms and events underlying synaptopathy are largely unknown. Here we investigated the cascade of pathological events underlying α-syn accumulation and toxicity in a Drosophila model of synucleinopathy by employing a combination of histological, biochemical, behavioural and electrophysiological assays. Our findings demonstrate that targeted expression of human α-syn leads to its accumulation in presynaptic terminals that caused downregulation of synaptic proteins, cysteine string protein, synapsin, and syntaxin 1A, and a reduction in the number of Bruchpilot puncta, the core component of the presynaptic active zone essential for its structural integrity and function. These α-syn-mediated presynaptic alterations resulted in impaired neuronal function, which triggered behavioural deficits in ageing Drosophila that occurred prior to progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Comparable alterations in presynaptic active zone protein were found in patient brain samples of dementia with Lewy bodies. Together, these findings demonstrate that presynaptic accumulation of α-syn impairs the active zone and neuronal function, which together cause synaptopathy that results in behavioural deficits and the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. This sequence of events resembles the cytological and behavioural phenotypes that characterise the onset and progression of synucleinopathies, suggesting that α-syn-mediated synaptopathy is an initiating cause of age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika C Bridi
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Erika Bereczki
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Saffron K Smith
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO1 5DD, UK
| | - Gonçalo M Poças
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Lisbon 2780-157, Portugal
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 34QP+JV, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kottler
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Pedro M Domingos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Lisbon 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Christopher J Elliott
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO1 5DD, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger 4068, Norway
| | - Frank Hirth
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London SE5 9RX, UK
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Fellgett A, Middleton CA, Munns J, Ugbode C, Jaciuch D, Wilson LG, Chawla S, Elliott CJ. Multiple Pathways of LRRK2-G2019S/Rab10 Interaction in Dopaminergic Neurons. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2021; 11:1805-1820. [PMID: 34250948 PMCID: PMC8609683 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited mutations in the LRRK2 protein are common causes of Parkinson's disease, but the mechanisms by which increased kinase activity of mutant LRRK2 leads to pathological events remain to be determined. In vitro assays (heterologous cell culture, phospho-protein mass spectrometry) suggest that several Rab proteins might be directly phosphorylated by LRRK2-G2019S. An in vivo screen of Rab expression in dopaminergic neurons in young adult Drosophila demonstrated a strong genetic interaction between LRRK2-G2019S and Rab10. OBJECTIVE To determine if Rab10 is necessary for LRRK2-induced pathophysiological responses in the neurons that control movement, vision, circadian activity, and memory. These four systems were chosen because they are modulated by dopaminergic neurons in both humans and flies. METHODS LRRK2-G2019S was expressed in Drosophila dopaminergic neurons and the effects of Rab10 depletion on Proboscis Extension, retinal neurophysiology, circadian activity pattern ('sleep'), and courtship memory determined in aged flies. RESULTS Rab10 loss-of-function rescued LRRK2-G2019S induced bradykinesia and retinal signaling deficits. Rab10 knock-down, however, did not rescue the marked sleep phenotype which results from dopaminergic LRRK2-G2019S. Courtship memory is not affected by LRRK2, but is markedly improved by Rab10 depletion. Anatomically, both LRRK2-G2019S and Rab10 are seen in the cytoplasm and at the synaptic endings of dopaminergic neurons. CONCLUSION We conclude that, in Drosophila dopaminergic neurons, Rab10 is involved in some, but not all, LRRK2-induced behavioral deficits. Therefore, variations in Rab expression may contribute to susceptibility of different dopaminergic nuclei to neurodegeneration seen in people with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jack Munns
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Chris Ugbode
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Laurence G. Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of York, York, UK
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, UK
| | - Sangeeta Chawla
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, UK
| | - Christopher J.H. Elliott
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, UK
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Damulewicz M, Ispizua JI, Ceriani MF, Pyza EM. Communication Among Photoreceptors and the Central Clock Affects Sleep Profile. Front Physiol 2020; 11:993. [PMID: 32848895 PMCID: PMC7431659 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the most important factors regulating rhythmical behavior of Drosophila melanogaster. It is received by different photoreceptors and entrains the circadian clock, which controls sleep. The retina is known to be essential for light perception, as it is composed of specialized light-sensitive cells which transmit signal to deeper parts of the brain. In this study we examined the role of specific photoreceptor types and peripheral oscillators located in these cells in the regulation of sleep pattern. We showed that sleep is controlled by the visual system in a very complex way. Photoreceptors expressing Rh1, Rh3 are involved in night-time sleep regulation, while cells expressing Rh5 and Rh6 affect sleep both during the day and night. Moreover, Hofbauer-Buchner (HB) eyelets which can directly contact with s-LN v s and l-LN v s play a wake-promoting function during the day. In addition, we showed that L2 interneurons, which receive signal from R1-6, form direct synaptic contacts with l-LN v s, which provides new light input to the clock network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Damulewicz
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Juan I. Ispizua
- Laboratorio de Genética del Comportamiento, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria F. Ceriani
- Laboratorio de Genética del Comportamiento, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elzbieta M. Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Petridi S, Middleton CA, Ugbode C, Fellgett A, Covill L, Elliott CJH. In Vivo Visual Screen for Dopaminergic Rab ↔ LRRK2-G2019S Interactions in Drosophila Discriminates Rab10 from Rab3. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2020; 10:1903-1914. [PMID: 32321836 PMCID: PMC7263684 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
LRRK2 mutations cause Parkinson's, but the molecular link from increased kinase activity to pathological neurodegeneration remains undetermined. Previous in vitro assays indicate that LRRK2 substrates include at least 8 Rab GTPases. We have now examined this hypothesis in vivo in a functional, electroretinogram screen, expressing each Rab with/without LRRK2-G2019S in selected Drosophila dopaminergic neurons. Our screen discriminated Rab10 from Rab3. The strongest Rab/LRRK2-G2019S interaction is with Rab10; the weakest with Rab3. Rab10 is expressed in a different set of dopaminergic neurons from Rab3. Thus, anatomical and physiological patterns of Rab10 are related. We conclude that Rab10 is a valid substrate of LRRK2 in dopaminergic neurons in vivo We propose that variations in Rab expression contribute to differences in the rate of neurodegeneration recorded in different dopaminergic nuclei in Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Petridi
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, YO1 5DD, UK
| | - C Adam Middleton
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, YO1 5DD, UK
| | - Chris Ugbode
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, YO1 5DD, UK
| | - Alison Fellgett
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, YO1 5DD, UK
| | - Laura Covill
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, YO1 5DD, UK
| | - Christopher J H Elliott
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, YO1 5DD, UK
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Covert sleep-related biological processes are revealed by probabilistic analysis in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:10024-10034. [PMID: 32303656 PMCID: PMC7211995 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917573117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced sleep duration and disrupted sleep quality are correlated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Better tools for measuring the internal drives for sleep and wake in model organisms would facilitate understanding the role of sleep quality in health. We defined two conditional probabilities, P(Wake) and P(Doze), that can be calculated from recordings of Drosophila activity without disturbing the animal. We demonstrated that P(Wake) is a measure of sleep depth and that P(Doze) is a measure of sleep pressure. In parallel, we developed an automatic classifier for state-based analysis of Drosophila behavior. These analysis tools will improve our understanding of the pharmacology and neuronal regulation of behavioral drives in the Drosophila brain. Sleep pressure and sleep depth are key regulators of wake and sleep. Current methods of measuring these parameters in Drosophila melanogaster have low temporal resolution and/or require disrupting sleep. Here we report analysis tools for high-resolution, noninvasive measurement of sleep pressure and depth from movement data. Probability of initiating activity, P(Wake), measures sleep depth while probability of ceasing activity, P(Doze), measures sleep pressure. In vivo and computational analyses show that P(Wake) and P(Doze) are largely independent and control the amount of total sleep. We also develop a Hidden Markov Model that allows visualization of distinct sleep/wake substates. These hidden states have a predictable relationship with P(Doze) and P(Wake), suggesting that the methods capture the same behaviors. Importantly, we demonstrate that both the Doze/Wake probabilities and the sleep/wake substates are tied to specific biological processes. These metrics provide greater mechanistic insight into behavior than measuring the amount of sleep alone.
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Andrade MJOD, Neto AC, Oliveira ARD, Santana JB, Santos NAD. Daily variation of visual sensitivity to luminance contrast: Effects of time of measurement and circadian typology. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:996-1007. [PMID: 29565681 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1450753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed the fluctuation of the achromatic visual contrast sensitivity (CS) of adult males (M = 23.42 ± 2.6 years) during a daily period. Twenty-eight volunteers were divided into three groups according to circadian typology (CT): moderate morning (MM; n = 8); intermediate (I; n = 10) and moderate evening (ME; n = 10). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep quality, and the Horne and Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to measure CT. To measure CS, we used Metropsis software version 11.0 with vertical sinusoidal grids of 0.2, 0.6, 1, 3.1, 6.1, 8.8, 13.2 and 15.6 cycles per degree of visual angle (cpd). The stimuli were presented on a cathode ray tube (CRT) color video monitor with a 19-inch flat screen, a 1024 × 786 pixel resolution, a 100 Hz refresh rate and a photopic luminance of 39.6 cd/m2. It was inferred that there is a tendency for visual contrast to vary according to daily rhythmicity and CT, mainly for the median spatial frequencies (1.0 cpd, χ2 = 9.93, p < 0.05 and 3.1 cpd, χ2 = 10.33, p < 0.05) and high spatial frequencies (13.2 cpd, χ2 = 11.54, p < 0.05) of ME participants. ME participants had minimal visual contrast sensitivity during the morning shift and a progressive increase from afternoon to night.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armindo Campos Neto
- a Department of Psychology , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa , Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel de Oliveira
- b Department of Psychology , Federal University of Campina Grande , Campina Grande , Brazil
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