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Carney CT, Kebbell MR, Eriksson L, Carr RM. Different Scripts, Different Casts: A Crime Script Analysis Indicating Intimate Partner Violence Is Not All the Same. Violence Against Women 2024; 30:2096-2127. [PMID: 36775961 PMCID: PMC11145930 DOI: 10.1177/10778012231153361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Crime script analysis was used to analyze intimate partner violence diversity by identifying variables significantly associated with different script tracks. Qualitative thematic analysis using official police administrative data from Queensland, Australia, was used to develop an intimate partner violence protoscript (n = 40), followed by quantitative hierarchical cluster analysis and cross-tabulations to examine diversity within scripts. Four diverse script tracks were identified: "escalating jealousy," "persistently possessive," "controlling victim agency," and "enduring argument." Intimate partner diversity exists with divisions based on statistically significant variables. Implications for situational crime prevention and the use of mixed methods for strengthening crime script analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine T. Carney
- Griffith University, Griffith Criminology Institute, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark R. Kebbell
- Griffith University, Griffith Criminology Institute, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
| | - Li Eriksson
- Griffith University, Griffith Criminology Institute, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
| | - Regan M. Carr
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Justice, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Pineda D, Galán M, Martínez-Martínez A, Andrés-Prades PJ, García-Barceló N, Carbonell EJ, González-Álvarez JL. Personality Comparison between Lethal and Non-lethal Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators and Their Victims. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2024; 25:567-577. [PMID: 38006460 PMCID: PMC11111531 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and femicide (intimate partner femicide, IPF), as a worldwide phenomenon, cannot be explained in a simple way. From an ecological point of view, there are individual factors contemplated. In the current studies, we consider personality as an individual factor to clarify what differentiates a non-lethal IPVAW situation from a femicide. Study 1 was designed to investigate the accuracy with which trained interviewers judged the personality of a group of IPVAW perpetrators during an interview. The target sample of study 1 was composed of 293 males who after being interviewed completed a measure of personality assessing the "Big Three" model of personality. The interviewers performed fairly accurate judgements about the personality of the target participants. Study 2 shows the differences in personality, using Eysenck's personality model, between the IPF and IPVAW perpetrators and their victims. The total sample study 2 was formed of 551 participants distributed among IPF perpetrators, IPVAW perpetrators, and the victims of both groups. Differences in proportions were observed between both groups of perpetrators as well as between each group and their respective victims. With these findings, we propose personality as a femicide risk factor that should be taken into consideration by police officers and other practitioners when receiving an IPVAW report.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pineda
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avda. de La Universidad, 03202, S/N. Edf. AltamiraElche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Manuel Galán
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avda. de La Universidad, 03202, S/N. Edf. AltamiraElche, Alicante, Spain
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Av. de los Jerónimos, 135, 30107, Guadalupe de Maciascoque, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-Martínez
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avda. de La Universidad, 03202, S/N. Edf. AltamiraElche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo J Andrés-Prades
- C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Institute for Forensic and Security Sciences (ICFS) of the Autonomous University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria Cantoblanco, Edificio C, Despacho C-302, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nestor García-Barceló
- C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Institute for Forensic and Security Sciences (ICFS) of the Autonomous University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria Cantoblanco, Edificio C, Despacho C-302, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique J Carbonell
- Central Departmental Building/Office 1P03, University Research Institute of Criminology and Criminal Science, School of Law, University of Valencia, Tarongers Campus, 46071, Valencia, Spain
| | - José L González-Álvarez
- Dirección General de Coordinación y Estudios, Secretaría de Estado de Seguridad, Madrid, Spain
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de la Osa-Subtil I, Astray AA, Mateo Fernandez PV, de Dios-Duarte MJ. IPVAW male perpetrators convicted in Spain: a typology and characterization based on latent class analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1353809. [PMID: 38529097 PMCID: PMC10962054 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1353809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Men who assault their partners present deficits in the social skills necessary for adequate interpersonal interaction. Not all of them have the same difficulties, thus they do not constitute a homogeneous group. Various studies have proposed different typologies of abusers based on their sociodemographic characteristics, criminal history, intensity and extent of violent or psychopathological traits. The majority of these investigations have been conducted in community samples, prompting the question of their validity in samples of men convicted of gender violence. The aim of this study was to establish a typology of men convicted in Spain for a gender violences crimes. Methodology A total of 365 men participated and were subdivided into three classes of abusers based on their childhood, family experiences with violence, criminal history, sexist attitudes and attitudes toward violence, intensity and type of violence, psychopathological state and attachment style. Results Coinciding with the results found in other research, 30% of the participants were classified as generally violent. They engaged in severe forms of physical, psychological and sexual violence and were more likely to do so than the rest. Additionally, they are more likely to present psychopathological problems and an antisocial character. Twenty-one percent were classified as dysphoric/borderline. They are characterized by minor forms of psychological violence, borderline or depressive symptomatology and an anxious attachment style. The remaining 49% were classified as familial or normalized abusers. This group exhibits moderate attitudes toward violence and sexism, resulting in less psychological and physical aggression. They do not present psychopathological problems and are likely to present a secure attachment style. Discussion It is argued that determining the psychological characteristics of each type of abuser would contribute to improving and adapting intervention protocols in Spain, leading to a significant improvement in the current issue of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria de la Osa-Subtil
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Health, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Arias Astray
- Complutense University of Madrid, Knowledge Technology Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, Faculty of Social Work, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro V. Mateo Fernandez
- Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Health, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Pineda D, Rico-Bordera P, Galán M, Piqueras JA, González-Álvarez JL. Women Victims of Intimate Partner Violence and Intimate Partner Homicide: A Typology Based on Victimization Variables. INTERVENCION PSICOSOCIAL 2023; 32:43-53. [PMID: 37361632 PMCID: PMC10268547 DOI: 10.5093/pi2023a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) and intimate partner homicide against women (IPHAW) are multidimensional phenomena. The aim of this study was to identify typologies of Spanish IPHAW and IPVAW victims, based on the differences between their characteristics and the determinants of aggression. The sample consisted of 381 cases from the Spanish Integral Monitoring System in Cases of Gender Violence. The instrument used was a semi-structured interview. Results showed differences between IPHAW and IPVAW victims, and latent class analysis suggested a three-profile solution: 1-fatal victims, with low neuroticism, low isolation, and feelings of loneliness, less reconciliation with the aggressor, lower perception of risk and low suicidal ideation; 2-non-fatal victims, with the loss of a loved one and the role of caregiver as stressors, low psychoticism and alcohol abuse, high feelings of loneliness, risk perception, and suicidal ideation; 3-mixed profile, with high neuroticism and psychoticism, alcohol abuse, isolation, and greater reconciliations with the aggressor, and absence of bereavement and caregiver role as stressors. Knowing the differences between IPHAW and IPVAW victims allows the design of more specific instruments for risk assessment and the design of more individualized prevention and treatment programs. This also facilitates police work in identifying victims and deploying more intense protection measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pineda
- Miguel Hernández University of ElcheSpainMiguel Hernández University of Elche, Spain;
| | - Pilar Rico-Bordera
- Miguel Hernández University of ElcheSpainMiguel Hernández University of Elche, Spain;
| | - Manuel Galán
- Miguel Hernández University of ElcheSpainMiguel Hernández University of Elche, Spain;
- Catholic University of MurciaSpainCatholic University of Murcia, Spain;
| | - José A. Piqueras
- Miguel Hernández University of ElcheSpainMiguel Hernández University of Elche, Spain;
| | - José L. González-Álvarez
- Secretary of State for SecurityMinistry for Home AffairsSpainSecretary of State for Security, Ministry for Home Affairs, Spain;
- Autonomous University of MadridSpainAutonomous University of Madrid, Spain
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Teva I, Marín-Morales A, Bueso-Izquierdo N, Pérez-García M, Hidalgo-Ruzzante N. Personality characteristics in specialist and generalist intimate partner violence perpetrators. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:86-96. [PMID: 35981717 PMCID: PMC10087251 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most common types of violence against women. Although personality disorders have been associated with IPV, perpetration research regarding personality according to the classification specialist/generalist IPV perpetrators is scarce. The general aim of this study was to describe personality in a large sample of IPV Spanish male perpetrators considering their classification (specialist vs. generalist). Participants were 1093 men convicted of IPV crimes whose ages ranged from 18 to 76 years old (M = 40.15; SD = 10.32). Of them, 554 men were classified as specialist perpetrators and 539 men were classified as generalist perpetrators. Participants completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographic and violence aspects as well as the Spanish version of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III. Generalist perpetrators showed higher means in nearly all the personality disorders scales compared to specialist perpetrators. Prevalence rates in the majority of personality disorders were lower than 5%. Higher scores on the avoidant, histrionic, and self-defeating scales and lower scores on the aggressive, borderline, and drug dependence scales were related to being a specialist perpetrator. This study contributes to a better understanding of personality among generalist and specialist perpetrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Teva
- Brain, Mind and Behavior Research Center, CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Agar Marín-Morales
- Brain, Mind and Behavior Research Center, CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Pérez-García
- Brain, Mind and Behavior Research Center, CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Natalia Hidalgo-Ruzzante
- Brain, Mind and Behavior Research Center, CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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