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Kalu ME, Bello-Haas VD, Griffin M, Boamah S, Harris J, Zaide M, Rayner D, Khattab N, Abrahim S. A Scoping Review of Personal, Financial, and Environmental Determinants of Mobility Among Older Adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 104:2147-2168. [PMID: 37119957 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize available evidence of factors comprising the personal, financial, and environmental mobility determinants and their association with older adults' self-reported and performance-based mobility outcomes. DATA SOURCES PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Web of Science, AgeLine, Sociological Abstract, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases search for articles published from January 2000 to December 2021. STUDY SECTION Using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, multiple reviewers independently screened 27,293 retrieved citations from databases, of which 422 articles underwent full-text screening, and 300 articles were extracted. DATA EXTRACTION The 300 articles' information, including study design, sample characteristics including sample size, mean age and sex, factors within each determinant, and their associations with mobility outcomes, were extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS Because of the heterogeneity of the reported associations, we followed Barnett et al's study protocol and reported associations between factors and mobility outcomes by analyses rather than by article to account for multiple associations generated in 1 article. Qualitative data were synthesized using content analysis. A total of 300 articles were included with 269 quantitative, 22 qualitative, and 9 mixed-method articles representing personal (n=80), and financial (n=1), environmental (n=98), more than 1 factor (n=121). The 278 quantitative and mixed-method articles reported 1270 analyses; 596 (46.9%) were positively and 220 (17.3%) were negatively associated with mobility outcomes among older adults. Personal (65.2%), financial (64.6%), and environmental factors (62.9%) were associated with mobility outcomes, mainly in the expected direction with few exceptions in environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS Gaps exist in understanding the effect of some environmental factors (eg, number and type of street connections) and the role of gender on older adults' walking outcomes. We have provided a comprehensive list of factors with each determinant, allowing the creation of core outcome set for a specific context, population, or other forms of mobility, for example, driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Kalu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Vanina Dal Bello-Haas
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Meridith Griffin
- Department of Health, Aging & Society, Faculty of Social Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sheila Boamah
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Harris
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Mashal Zaide
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Daniel Rayner
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Nura Khattab
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Salma Abrahim
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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2
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Lu N, Wu B. Perceived neighborhood environment, social capital and life satisfaction among older adults in Shanghai, China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6686. [PMID: 35461348 PMCID: PMC9035143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the mediator role of social capital on the association between perceived neighborhood environment and life satisfaction among older adults in urban China, and further tested the moderating effect of gender in the above paths (i.e., from neighborhood environment to life satisfaction; from neighborhood environment to social capital; from social capital to life satisfaction). We used quota sampling approach to recruit 472 respondents aged 60 years old or older in Shanghai in 2020. From the perspective of structural equation modeling, multiple group analysis was conducted to examine the proposed hypotheses. The measurement model of social capital was well established in urban Chinese community contexts. Based on the whole sample, the results of the mediation model showed that social capital played a mediation role in the association between neighborhood environment and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the results of multiple group analysis showed that the association between neighborhood environment and cognitive social capital was only significant among older women. The findings highlight the role of neighborhood environment and social capital in building age-friendly communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lu
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.,Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bei Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing and NYU Aging Incubator, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
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Leung KM, Ou KL, Chung PK, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Older Adults' Perceptions toward Walking: A Qualitative Study Using a Social-Ecological Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147686. [PMID: 34300136 PMCID: PMC8303868 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate older adults’ perceptions of their walking experiences, using the social-ecological model as a guiding framework and to propose future walking intervention content. Methods: Thirty-eight participants (19 women; 47% from private elderly centers; mean age = 72.8 (SD = 7.4 years) took part in semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data analysis software QSR-NVivo was used for thematic coding. Results: Thematic deductive analysis revealed pertinent themes at the individual level (health benefits and barriers, fall risk, perseverance, and walking as a suitable activity for older adults), social environment level (social support and social interaction), physical environment level (density, land-use mix, and connectivity; perceived safety, pedestrian facilities (benches, quality of walking paths and sidewalks, and aesthetics), other pedestrian behaviors, and weather, and policy level (lack of walking programs in the community, and supportive culture for an active lifestyle). Discussion: Our findings provide insights for the planning of future multilevel walking intervention programs for older adults in Hong Kong. It is suggested that future walking intervention should include professionals (e.g., physiotherapist or coach) in a group setting, practical walking recommendations such as proper walking posture, and additional fun activities for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Man Leung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kai-Ling Ou
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3411-8035
| | - Pak-Kwong Chung
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
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4
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Schuurman N, Rosenkrantz L, Lear SA. Environmental Preferences and Concerns of Recreational Road Runners. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126268. [PMID: 34200542 PMCID: PMC8296135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recreational road running is growing in popularity and has been linked to numerous mental and physical health benefits. However, we know little about what environmental preferences or concerns runners have regarding participation in the sport, and whether differences exist across age and gender. We conducted a cross-sectional survey on recreational road runners to investigate the type of built and natural environments road runners prefer, as well as the safety and health concerns that may affect runners’ choice of environment. Responses were analyzed by age and gender. A total of 1228 road runners responded to the survey; 59.6% of respondents were women and 32.1% of respondents were men. Most respondents preferred to run on asphalt or sidewalk surfaces, and preferred well-lit, tree-lined routes. Major concerns for both men and women include animals and dangerous road conditions. Men and women differed significantly in their responses to the importance of running around others and their primary concerns while running. Results of this study serve to deepen our understanding of recreational road runners’ environmental preferences and concerns, providing valuable information for public health officials and city planners alike. This information must be considered if we are to continue to encourage uptake of running as a sport and reap its health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Schuurman
- Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Leah Rosenkrantz
- Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;
| | - Scott A. Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;
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5
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Change in GPS-assessed walking locations following a cluster-randomized controlled physical activity trial in older adults, results from the MIPARC trial. Health Place 2021; 69:102573. [PMID: 33934062 PMCID: PMC9177163 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study employed novel GPS methods to assess the effect of a multilevel physical activity (PA) intervention on device-measured walking locations in 305 community dwelling older adults, ages 65+ (mean age = 83, 73% women). Retirement communities were randomized to a 1-year PA intervention that encouraged neighborhood walking, or to a healthy aging control condition. Total time and time spent walking in four life-space domains were assessed using GPS and accelerometer devices. The intervention increased the time spent walking as a proportion of total time spent in the Campus, Neighborhood and Beyond Neighborhood domains. Intervention effects on walking location were observed in both genders and across physical and cognitive functioning groups. Results demonstrate that an intervention providing individual, social and environmental support for walking can increase PA in larger life-space domains for a broad spectrum of older adults.
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Delclòs-Alió X, Marquet O, Vich G, Schipperijn J, Zhang K, Maciejewska M, Miralles-Guasch C. Temperature and Rain Moderate the Effect of Neighborhood Walkability on Walking Time for Seniors in Barcelona. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:E14. [PMID: 31861363 PMCID: PMC6981853 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Walking is the most accessible form for seniors to engage in daily light or moderate physical activity. Walking activity depends on both individual and environmental factors, the latter including how walkable a given setting is. Recent papers have pointed at the relevance of also considering meteorological conditions in relation to the walking behavior of older adults. This paper explores the combined effect of neighborhood walkability, temperature and rain on daily walking time among seniors residing in Barcelona. Daily walking time was extracted from 7-day GPS (Global Positioning System) devices and accelerometer data of 227 seniors residing in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (Spain). Temperature and rain data were extracted from official governmental weather stations. Mixed-effects linear regression models were adjusted to test the combined association between weather and walkability on daily walking time. Neighborhood walkability is positively associated with walking time among seniors, while rain generally deters it. Additionally, this study demonstrates that temperature and rain modify the effect of residential walkability on senior walking activity: low temperatures are particularly associated with lower walking activity among those residing in low walkable areas, while the presence of rain presents a negative association with walking time in high walkable environments. The combined effect of walkability and weather should be considered both in design actions that aim at improving walking infrastructure and also in prevention programs aimed at encouraging daily walking among seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Delclòs-Alió
- Research Group on Mobility, Transportation and Territory (GEMOTT), Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (X.D.-A.); (G.V.);
| | - Oriol Marquet
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Guillem Vich
- Research Group on Mobility, Transportation and Territory (GEMOTT), Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (X.D.-A.); (G.V.);
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Monika Maciejewska
- Research Group on Mobility, Transportation and Territory (GEMOTT), Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (X.D.-A.); (G.V.);
| | - Carme Miralles-Guasch
- Research Group on Mobility, Transportation and Territory (GEMOTT), Department of Geography & Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
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7
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Lee YS, Putnam M, Morrow-Howell N, Inoue M, Greenfield J, Chen H. Consolidated Measures of Activity among Older Adults: Results of a Three Data Set Comparison. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2019; 62:502-520. [PMID: 30786817 PMCID: PMC6703977 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2019.1582123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the potential to consolidate a broad range of activity items to create more manageable measures that could be used in statistical modeling of multi-activity engagement. We utilized three datasets in the United States: Panel Study of Income Dynamics, Health and Retirement Study, and Midlife in the United States. After identifying activity items, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to empirically explore composite activity measures. Findings suggest that discrete activity items can be consolidated into activity domains; however, activity domains differ across datasets depending on availability of activity items. Implications for research and practice are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Soo Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Korea 406-772,
| | - Michelle Putnam
- School of Social Work, Simmons College, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115,
| | - Nancy Morrow-Howell
- Brown School of Social Work and Center for Aging, Washington University in St Louis, Campus Box 1196, St Louis, MO 63130,
| | - Megumi Inoue
- Department of Social Work, George Mason University, MS: 1F8, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444,
| | - Jennifer Greenfield
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Craig Hall, Room 223, 2148 S. High Street, Denver, CO80208,
| | - Huajuan Chen
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St Louis, Campus Box 1196, St Louis, MO 63130,
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8
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Environmental Factors Associated with Older Adult’s Walking Behaviors: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11123253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to systematically review the relationship between neighborhood environments and all types of walking behaviors among older adults. Seventy peer-reviewed journal articles which met the selection criteria were examined. Research designs were summarized by geographical location and the associations of environmental characteristics and walking were calculated. Interactions between moderators and environmental characteristics for all types of walking were also categorized. Results have shown that transport walking is the most supported by neighborhood environmental characteristics. The positively related environmental characteristics are walkability, urbanization, land use mix-diversity and accessibility, walking amenities, and bicycle lanes. Total walking was positively associated with walkability and urbanization. Recreational walking was associated with neighborhood employment/income level, nearness to public transport/bus stops, and social cohesion. The most commonly used moderators were age and gender, but inconsistent moderating effects between neighborhood environments and walking were also found. In densely populated environments such as Hong Kong, older adults walked mostly for both transport and recreation. In contrast, American older adults in low density areas walked less for transport and more for recreation. Findings support a strong relationship between neighborhood environments and older adults’ walking. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and comparison studies by geographic location.
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9
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Ghani F, Rachele JN, Loh VH, Washington S, Turrell G. Do Differences in Social Environments Explain Gender Differences in Recreational Walking across Neighbourhoods? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16111980. [PMID: 31167430 PMCID: PMC6604242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Within a city, gender differences in walking for recreation (WfR) vary significantly across neighbourhoods, although the reasons remain unknown. This cross-sectional study investigated the contribution of the social environment (SE) to explaining such variation, using 2009 data from the How Areas in Brisbane Influence healTh and AcTivity (HABITAT) study, including 7866 residents aged 42–67 years within 200 neighbourhoods in Brisbane, Australia (72.6% response rate). The analytical sample comprised 200 neighbourhoods and 6643 participants (mean 33 per neighbourhood, range 8–99, 95% CI 30.6–35.8). Self-reported weekly minutes of WfR were categorised into 0 and 1–840 mins. The SE was conceptualised through neighbourhood-level perceptions of social cohesion, incivilities and safety from crime. Analyses included multilevel binomial logistic regression with gender as main predictor, adjusting for age, socioeconomic position, residential self-selection and neighbourhood disadvantage. On average, women walked more for recreation than men prior to adjustment for covariates. Gender differences in WfR varied significantly across neighbourhoods, and the magnitude of the variation for women was twice that of men. The SE did not explain neighbourhood differences in the gender–WfR relationship, nor the between-neighbourhood variation in WfR for men or women. Neighbourhood-level factors seem to influence the WfR of men and women differently, with women being more sensitive to their environment, although Brisbane’s SE did not seem such a factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ghani
- International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Jerome N Rachele
- Centre for Health Equity, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Venurs Hy Loh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Simon Washington
- School of Civil Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Gavin Turrell
- Healthy Liveable Cities Group, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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Cleland C, Reis RS, Ferreira Hino AA, Hunter R, Fermino RC, Koller de Paiva H, Czestschuk B, Ellis G. Built environment correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in older adults: A comparative review between high and low-middle income countries. Health Place 2019; 57:277-304. [PMID: 31132718 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Cleland
- Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Public Health, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Rodrigo Siqueira Reis
- Washington University in St. Louis, Brown School, Prevention Research Center, St. Louis, MO, United States of America; Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Parana, Research Group in Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Parana, Graduate Program in Urban Management, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Adriano Akira Ferreira Hino
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Parana, Research Group in Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; Federal University of Technology - Parana, Research Group in Environment, Physical Activity and Health, Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Ruth Hunter
- Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Public Health, Belfast, United Kingdom; Queen's University Belfast, UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Rogério César Fermino
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Parana, Research Group in Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; Federal University of Technology - Parana, Research Group in Environment, Physical Activity and Health, Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Hermes Koller de Paiva
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Parana, Research Group in Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; Federal University of Parana, Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Czestschuk
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Parana, Research Group in Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil; Federal University of Parana, Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Geraint Ellis
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Natural and Built Environment, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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11
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Hand CL, Howrey BT. Associations Among Neighborhood Characteristics, Mobility Limitation, and Social Participation in Late Life. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2019; 74:546-555. [PMID: 28158866 PMCID: PMC6377035 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbw215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although emerging research suggests neighborhood characteristics can support and restrict social participation in older adults, further research regarding a wider range of neighborhood characteristics and interactions between individual and neighborhood characteristics is needed. This study explored associations between neighborhood characteristics and frequency of participation in three social activities among older adults and interactions between neighborhood characteristics and mobility limitation as they relate to participation. METHOD Data from the 2008 wave of the Health and Retirement Study linked with American Community Survey data were used. Participants included community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. Analysis involved multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS High proportion of neighborhood residents aged 65 and older was associated with increased odds of more frequent participation in all three activities. High population density was associated with increased odds of club attendance. High neighborhood social cohesion was associated with increased odds of attending nonreligious meetings. Interactions between walking limitation and population density or social cohesion related to increased odds of participation. DISCUSSION Findings suggest that improving older adults' ability to participate in community life and age in place requires strategies that consider how neighborhood and individual characteristics interact and how these characteristics may differentially affect types of participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carri L Hand
- School of Occupational Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Bret T Howrey
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
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12
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Bödeker M. Walking and Walkability in Pre-Set and Self-Defined Neighborhoods: A Mental Mapping Study in Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1363. [PMID: 29958469 PMCID: PMC6068775 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood walkability contributes to older adults’ walking. However, associations vary depending on the neighborhood definition applied as well as between objective and perceived walkability measures. Therefore, this study aimed to comparatively assess walkability indices for commonly used pedestrian network buffers and perceived neighborhood areas. A total of 97 adults aged ≥65 years answered a written physical activity questionnaire and 69 respondents participated in face-to-face interviews that involved mental mapping, i.e., to draw perceived neighborhood delineations on paper maps. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to compare the contribution of walkability indices for pre-set buffers and self-defined neighborhoods to older adults’ walking after adjusting for covariates. Results show that older adults’ self-defined neighborhoods are significantly larger, less home-centered, and more walkable than commonly used buffers. Furthermore, the variance accounted for in neighborhood walking increased from 35.9% to 40.4% (ΔR² = 0.046; p = 0.029), when the walkability index was calculated for self-defined neighborhoods rather than pre-set buffers. Therefore, the study supports that geometric differences between pre-set buffers and older adults’ spatial ideas of perceived neighborhoods have a significant influence on estimated walkability effects and that exposure areas should be matched with the spatial dimension of outcome variables in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Bödeker
- Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Post Office Box 10 01 31, Bielefeld D-33501, Germany.
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Institute of Public Health, Schweinauer Hauptstraße 80, Nuremberg D-90441, Germany.
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Pavela G. Is Childhood Socioeconomic Status Independently Associated with Adult BMI after Accounting for Adult and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168481. [PMID: 28095430 PMCID: PMC5241009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) is inversely associated with adult weight in high income countries. Whether the influence of childhood SES on adult weight is best described using a critical period model or an accumulation of risk model is not yet settled. This research tests whether childhood SES is associated with adult BMI and likelihood of obesity independent of adult socioeconomic status and neighborhood characteristics. Data on individual childhood and adult characteristics come from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 13,545). Data on neighborhood characteristics come from the 2000 Decennial Census and American Community Survey (2005-2009). In the fully adjusted models, perceived financial hardship before the age of sixteen and having a father who was unemployed are associated with higher BMI among males and, among females, paternal education remains associated with adult BMI. However, childhood SES is not associated with likelihood of obesity after fully adjusting for adult SES and neighborhood characteristics, suggesting that the direct effects of early childhood SES on BMI are small relative to the other factors associated with obesity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Pavela
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Yan T, Liang LJ, Vassar S, Katz MC, Escarce JJ, Longstreth WTJ, Merkin SS, Brown AF. Neighborhood Characteristics are Associated with Racial and Gender Variation in Walking among Older Adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Ethn Dis 2016; 26:17-26. [PMID: 26843792 DOI: 10.18865/ed.26.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine variation by race and gender in the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and walking among community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Cardiovascular Health Study, a longitudinal population-based cohort. PARTICIPANTS 4,849 adults, aged > 65 years. MEASUREMENTS Participants reported the number of city blocks walked in the prior week. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) was measured at the level of the census tract. Negative binominal regression models were constructed to test the association between NSES and blocks walked. In the fully adjusted models, we included two-way and three-way interaction terms among race, gender, and NSES. RESULTS In adjusted analyses, among White residents in the lowest NSES quartile (most disadvantaged), men walked 64% more than women (P<.001), while in the highest NSES (most advantaged), men walked 43% more than women (P<.001). Among African American residents in the lowest NSES quartile, men walked 196% more blocks than women (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Female gender is more strongly associated with walking for African Americans than for Whites in low SES neighborhoods but had a similar association with walking for both African Americans and Whites in high SES neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li-Jung Liang
- UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research
| | - Stefanie Vassar
- UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research
| | | | - Jose J Escarce
- UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research
| | | | | | - Arleen F Brown
- UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research
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