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Pang B, Moullin JC, Thompson C, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Stamatakis E, McVeigh JA. Barriers and Facilitators to Participation in Vigorous Lifestyle Physical Activity in Adults Aged 55-75 Years: A Scoping Review. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:446-459. [PMID: 38237573 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Despite the well-known benefits of physical activity, less than half of adults aged 55-75 years participate in sufficient physical activity. Short bouts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) accumulated throughout the day can contribute toward the recommended volume of physical activity. A rich characterization of the barriers and facilitators to participation in VILPA is needed to develop targeted interventions. This scoping review aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to participation in different components of VILPA in adults aged 55-75 years, and to map barriers and facilitators to the Theoretical Domains Framework. Within the 18 eligible studies, the most prevalent barriers were related to a person's skills, environmental context, and social influences. Most facilitators were related to a person's goals, social influences, and environmental context. Interventions to promote VILPA should test the effectiveness of behavioral change measures related to the unique barriers and facilitators in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna C Moullin
- Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Craig Thompson
- Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Joanne A McVeigh
- Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gucciardi DF, McVeigh JA, O'Sullivan TA, Dontje M, Stamatakis E, Eastwood PR, Straker L. Health behaviour profiles in young Australian adults in relation to physical and mental health: The Raine Study. Health Promot J Austr 2023. [PMID: 37968787 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUES ADDRESSED We aimed to identify latent health behaviour profiles of young adults and examine their associations with physical and mental health outcomes. We also characterised the profiles by socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS Data were collected between 2012 and 2014. Participants (N = 476) were young adults (M age [SD] = 22.1 [.57] years) from Generation 2 of the Raine Study longitudinal cohort. Health behaviours were measured via ActiGraph GT3X waist monitors (physical activity, sedentary behaviour) and questionnaires (diet quality, alcohol, smoking and sleep). Physical and mental health were measured using clinical health assessments, blood biomarkers, and questionnaires. Latent Profile Analysis using Mplus (8.2) was employed to identify profiles. RESULTS Four latent profiles were identified: 'heavy drinkers with moderately unhealthy eating habits' (high takeaway foods; n = 135), 'unhealthy food abstainers' (low takeaway foods; n = 138), 'moderately sedentary alcohol abstainers' (n = 139) and 'physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits' (high takeaway foods and sugary drinks; n = 64). 'Physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits' had the poorest (physical and mental) health outcomes, yet the lowest insulin resistance. 'Unhealthy food abstainers' had the most favourable health outcomes (adiposity, health perceptions, blood pressure). Sex differed among the profiles. CONCLUSIONS The profiles identified among young adults are different to profiles with general adult populations. A novel finding was that 'physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits' had low insulin resistance. The findings also suggest that future interventions may need to be sex specific. SO WHAT Our findings suggest that health behaviour interventions for young adults should be targeted to distinct profile characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joanne A McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Therese A O'Sullivan
- School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manon Dontje
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, and de Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter R Eastwood
- Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leon Straker
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Kritz M, Grunseit A, Chau J, Ahmadi M, Holtermann A, Koster A, Tudor-Locke C, Johnson N, Sherrington C, Paudel S, Maher C, Stamatakis E. Barriers and enablers of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) in physically inactive adults: a focus group study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:78. [PMID: 37403160 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity (VILPA) refers to brief bouts of vigorous intensity physical activity performed as part of daily living. VILPA has been proposed as a novel concept to expand physical activity options among the least active. As a nascent area of research, factors which impede or encourage VILPA in physically inactive adults are yet to be explored. Such information is pertinent in the design of future interventions. We examined the barriers and enablers of VILPA among physically inactive adults using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model as a conceptual framework. METHODS We recruited a sample of self-identified physically inactive middle-aged and older adults (N = 78) based in Australia to take part in 19 online focus groups across three age groups: young-middle (age 35-44), middle (age 45-59) and old (age 60-76). We analyzed interviews using a critical realist approach to thematic analysis. Identified barriers and enablers were subsequently mapped onto the COM-B model components. RESULTS The data generated 6 barriers and 10 enablers of VILPA that corresponded to COM-B concepts. Barriers included physical limitations (physical capability), perceptions of aging, need for knowledge (psychological capability), environmental constraints (physical opportunity), perceptions of effort and energy, and fear (automatic motivation). Enablers included convenience, reframing physical activity as purposeful movement, use of prompts and reminders (physical opportunity), normalization of taking the active option, gamification (social opportunity), sense of achievement, health improvements, personally salient rewards (reflective motivation), identity fit, and changing from effortful deliberation to habitual action (automatic motivation). CONCLUSION The barriers and enablers of VILPA span capability, opportunity, and motivation beliefs. Promoting the time-efficient nature and simplicity of VILPA requiring no equipment or special gym sessions, the use of prompts and reminders at opportune times, and habit formation strategies could capitalize on the enablers. Addressing the suitability of the small bouts, the development of specific guidelines, addressing safety concerns, and explicating the potential benefits of, and opportunities to do, VILPA could ameliorate some of the barriers identified. Future VILPA interventions may require limited age customization, speaking to the potential for such interventions to be delivered at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Danish Center for Motivation and Behavior Science (DRIVEN), Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - M Kritz
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - A Grunseit
- School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Ahmadi
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Koster
- School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Tudor-Locke
- College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, USA
| | - N Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Sherrington
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Paudel
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Maher
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - E Stamatakis
- Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Sivaramakrishnan H, Quested E, Cheval B, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gucciardi DF, Ntoumanis N. Predictors of intentions of adults over 35 years to participate in walking sport programs: A social-ecological mixed-methods approach. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023. [PMID: 37051802 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need to identify acceptable and feasible opportunities to engage adults over 35 years in physical activity. Walking sports may be a potential means to engage adults in sport; however, there is limited evidence regarding appeal and feasibility to support its implementation and delivery. Using a two-step mixed-methods approach, we aimed (1) to quantitively identify significant predictors of intentions of adults over 35 years to participate in walking sports and (2) to understand why and how these identified predictors may be contextually relevant to the target group. In phase one, 282 adults over 35 years (Mage = 46.08, SD = 9.75) without prior experience of walking sports completed an online questionnaire assessing personal, psychosocial, program-related, and environmental predictors, and intentions to participate in walking sports. Hierarchical multiple linear regressions showed that perceived health status, attitudes, subjective norms, and distance of venue were significant predictors of intentions. In phase two, interviews with a subset of 17 participants indicated that, when implementing walking sport programs, program labeling, fear of the unknown, and individual differences in the appeal of walking sport warrant consideration. Together, these findings offer insight into the complex interplay of personal, psychosocial, program-related, and environmental predictors of adults' intentions to participate in walking sports. Addressing these elements of a walking sport program would make such programs more appealing to potential participants, and ultimately, more feasible and sustainable to conduct in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamsini Sivaramakrishnan
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Boris Cheval
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Riddell H, Sedikides C, Gucciardi DF, Jackson B, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N. Motives and mental contrasting with implementation intentions predict progress and management of goals in parents. Motivation Science 2023. [DOI: 10.1037/mot0000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Stenling A, Izett E, Quested E. Personality, Risk Perceptions, and Health Behaviors: A Two-Wave Study on Reciprocal Relations in Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16168. [PMID: 36498240 PMCID: PMC9740711 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine reciprocal associations between risk perceptions for cardiovascular disease and health behaviors (i.e., physical activity, fruit/vegetable consumption), while accounting for key personality characteristics in middle-aged adults. Participants (N = 297; M (SD) age = 51 (6.95); 72.4% female) completed online questionnaires assessing risk perceptions, physical activity, fruit/vegetable consumption, and personality (conscientiousness and neuroticism) on two occasions, one week apart. Physical activity did not have a statistically significant effect on risk perception over time (b = -0.00, p = 0.227). However, fruit and vegetable consumption (b = -0.19, p = 0.006) and neuroticism (b = 0.22, p = 0.001) predicted risk perception. Risk perception did not have a significant effect on physical activity (b = -343.86, p = 0.147) or fruit/vegetable consumption (b = -0.08, p = 0.144) over time; however, neuroticism had significant and negative effects on physical activity (b = -520.84, p = 0.029) and fruit/vegetable consumption (b = -0.20, p = 0.001). High levels of neuroticism in middle age may hinder engagement in physical activity and consumption of fruit/vegetable behaviors and should therefore be targeted accordingly to increase protective health behaviors and reduce incidence of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Danish Center for Motivation and Behavior Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Andreas Stenling
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Esther Izett
- Curtin School of Population Health, EnAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Curtin School of Population Health, EnAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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Stamatakis E, Ahmadi MN, Gill JMR, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gibala MJ, Doherty A, Hamer M. Association of wearable device-measured vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity with mortality. Nat Med 2022; 28:2521-2529. [PMID: 36482104 PMCID: PMC9800274 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wearable devices can capture unexplored movement patterns such as brief bursts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) that is embedded into everyday life, rather than being done as leisure time exercise. Here, we examined the association of VILPA with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality in 25,241 nonexercisers (mean age 61.8 years, 14,178 women/11,063 men) in the UK Biobank. Over an average follow-up of 6.9 years, during which 852 deaths occurred, VILPA was inversely associated with all three of these outcomes in a near-linear fashion. Compared with participants who engaged in no VILPA, participants who engaged in VILPA at the sample median VILPA frequency of 3 length-standardized bouts per day (lasting 1 or 2 min each) showed a 38%-40% reduction in all-cause and cancer mortality risk and a 48%-49% reduction in CVD mortality risk. Moreover, the sample median VILPA duration of 4.4 min per day was associated with a 26%-30% reduction in all-cause and cancer mortality risk and a 32%-34% reduction in CVD mortality risk. We obtained similar results when repeating the above analyses for vigorous physical activity (VPA) in 62,344 UK Biobank participants who exercised (1,552 deaths, 35,290 women/27,054 men). These results indicate that small amounts of vigorous nonexercise physical activity are associated with substantially lower mortality. VILPA in nonexercisers appears to elicit similar effects to VPA in exercisers, suggesting that VILPA may be a suitable physical activity target, especially in people not able or willing to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Matthew N Ahmadi
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason M R Gill
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin J Gibala
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aiden Doherty
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise Health, Division Surgery Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Litster J, Del Casale R, Stenling A. Is a female physical empowerment campaign effective in improving positive body image, motivation for physical activity, and physical activity behavior in young female adults? A two-study experimental test of "This Girl Can". Body Image 2022; 42:150-159. [PMID: 35717703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This Girl Can is a campaign designed to empower women to increase physical activity. The campaign uses images/videos of women of diverse body weights/shapes, ages and ethnicities being physically active, emphasizing body functionality. First, we examined the effects of multi-session (N = 3) exposures to This Girl Can on body functionality, body appreciation and self-compassion (Study 1). Second, we explored if autonomous motivation for physical activity mediated effects of This Girl Can on physical activity (Study 2). Women (Study 1: N = 186, M (SD) age = 27.55 (14.01); Study 2: N = 153, M (SD) age = 28.31 (11.70)) were randomized to This Girl Can, or control videos/images depicting idealized women of thin/athletic body types being physically active (Study 1), or control videos highlighting physical activity benefits (Study 2). Outcomes were measured at baseline, post-test and 1-week follow-up. Study 1 results showed significant group by time interactions for body functionality (decreasing in the control group), body appreciation and self-compassion (both increased only in the experimental conditions). In Study 2, path analysis revealed no statistically significant mediation effect (ab = 13.18, 95 % CI [-107.92, 152.59]) of autonomous motivation. Future interventions designed to promote positive body image and self-compassion should incorporate media focusing on diverse women engaging in self-chosen physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Bentley WA6845, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - J Litster
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Bentley WA6845, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - R Del Casale
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, PO Box U1987, Bentley WA6845, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - A Stenling
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Postboks 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway.
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Kwasnicka D, Donnachie C, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Hunt K, Gray CM, Ntoumanis N, McBride H, McDonald MD, Newton RU, Gucciardi DF, Olson JL, Wyke S, Morgan PJ, Kerr DA, Robinson S, Quested E. The Aussie-FIT process evaluation: feasibility and acceptability of a weight loss intervention for men, delivered in Australian Football League settings. Psychol Health 2022; 37:470-489. [PMID: 33719789 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1890730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This process evaluation aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Aussie-FIT, a group-based weight loss intervention for men with overweight and obesity in Australia. DESIGN Process data and data collected from: (1) six-participant focus groups (n= 24), (2) coach interviews (n = 4), (3) audio recordings of Aussie-FIT sessions and (4) post-program participant surveys (n= 93) were analysed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We explored the feasibility and acceptability of program setting and context, recruitment strategies, factors impacting implementation and mechanisms of impact. RESULTS Recruitment via Australian Football League (AFL) clubs was highly effective; 426 men expressed interest within 3 days of advertising, 130 men took part. Program attendance was not consistently recorded by coaches. Coach interviews indicated a 'core group of men' participated in each session (typically 10-12 of 15 men). Program delivery proved feasible in the AFL context. Program acceptability and satisfaction were high. Internalisation of autonomous motives was identified as driving behaviour change. Behaviour change to support maintained weight loss was facilitated through habit formation, goal setting and effective management of multiple goals. CONCLUSION Aussie-FIT sets a blueprint for future weight loss interventions that utilise behaviour change strategies and principles of self-determined motivation to support men to lose weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12617000515392. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kwasnicka
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland.,NHMRC CRE in Digital Technology to Transform Chronic Disease Outcomes, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig Donnachie
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Kate Hunt
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Cindy M Gray
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Hannah McBride
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Matthew D McDonald
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jenny L Olson
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sally Wyke
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Deborah A Kerr
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Kritz M, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Mullan B, Stathi A, Ntoumanis N. How can older peer leaders best support motivation for walking in physically inactive older adults? A self-determination theory perspective. Psychol Health 2021:1-22. [PMID: 34726967 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1994968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine what older adults perceive to be need-supportive behaviours of peer walk leaders, drawing primarily from Self-Determination Theory (SDT). DESIGN Experienced peer leaders (n = 13; Mage = 73.23, SD = 6.55) and walkers (n = 17; Mage = 72.88, SD = 5.79) were recruited from existing walking groups. Individuals who expressed an interest in becoming a peer leader (n = 18; Mage = 72.72, SD = 4.99) or walker (n = 20; Mage = 78.90, SD = 10.45) were recruited from retirement villages. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We conducted semi-structured interviews to identify leader behaviours that support autonomy, competence, and relatedness and analysed the data using framework analysis. RESULTS We identified eight main themes: eliciting walker interest, acknowledging and adapting to walkers' requirements, ensuring walkers feel comfortable, cared for, and socially integrated, supporting walker confidence, and promoting success experiences. Inexperienced leaders differed from other sub-groups in what they perceived to be supportive behaviours. CONCLUSION Future peer leaders could use the identified behaviours to help older adults feel motivated during group walks. New peer leaders can be educated about potential differences between what they describe as supportive and what walkers and experienced leaders perceive as need-supportive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Kritz
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Enable Institute, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Australia.,WACPRU, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Enable Institute, Curtin University, Australia.,School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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Kritz M, Ntoumanis N, Mullan B, Stathi A, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Volunteer Motivation and Retention of Older Peer Walk Leaders: A 4-Month Long Investigation. Gerontologist 2021; 61:1118-1130. [PMID: 33073839 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Peer volunteers offer a promising avenue for promoting physical activity in older adults. However, recruiting and retaining such volunteers are challenging. We aimed to examine longitudinally factors that determine whether older volunteer walk leaders will persist in their role. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We recruited older adults volunteering as walk leaders, from retirement villages in Perth, at the start of a 16-week walking intervention. Using a mixed-methods multiple case study design, informed by self-determination theory, we examined the motivational processes of three profiles: Dropouts, Completers, and Extenders. One male and 10 female (medianAge = 75 years, age range: 66-83 years) peer walk leaders were interviewed twice over 4 months, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Questionnaires provided information on volunteer characteristics, leadership confidence, and volunteer motivation. RESULTS Self-orientated goals, obligation and guilt, emotional exhaustion, lack of psychological need satisfaction, and perceived lack of support were barriers to volunteer persistence. Social confidence and relatedness satisfaction motivated volunteers to persist until program completion (Completers). Altruistic goals, using sustainable helping strategies, psychological need satisfaction, optimism, and enjoyment were important for continuing the role after the program (Extenders). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Results describe how differences in volunteer motives, personal characteristics, and training may affect motivational processes that determine persistence as an older peer walk leader. We provide suggestions on selecting, training, and supporting older volunteer walk leaders to facilitate their retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Kritz
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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12
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Leung KM, Ou KL, Chung PK, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Older Adults' Perceptions toward Walking: A Qualitative Study Using a Social-Ecological Model. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18147686. [PMID: 34300136 PMCID: PMC8303868 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate older adults’ perceptions of their walking experiences, using the social-ecological model as a guiding framework and to propose future walking intervention content. Methods: Thirty-eight participants (19 women; 47% from private elderly centers; mean age = 72.8 (SD = 7.4 years) took part in semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data analysis software QSR-NVivo was used for thematic coding. Results: Thematic deductive analysis revealed pertinent themes at the individual level (health benefits and barriers, fall risk, perseverance, and walking as a suitable activity for older adults), social environment level (social support and social interaction), physical environment level (density, land-use mix, and connectivity; perceived safety, pedestrian facilities (benches, quality of walking paths and sidewalks, and aesthetics), other pedestrian behaviors, and weather, and policy level (lack of walking programs in the community, and supportive culture for an active lifestyle). Discussion: Our findings provide insights for the planning of future multilevel walking intervention programs for older adults in Hong Kong. It is suggested that future walking intervention should include professionals (e.g., physiotherapist or coach) in a group setting, practical walking recommendations such as proper walking posture, and additional fun activities for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Man Leung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kai-Ling Ou
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3411-8035
| | - Pak-Kwong Chung
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
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13
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Lines RLJ, Ducker KJ, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Fletcher D, Gucciardi DF. Stress, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and resilience-The effects of naturalistic periods of elevated stress: A measurement-burst study. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13846. [PMID: 34124785 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stress is an important consideration for understanding why individuals take part in limited or no physical activity. The negative effects of stress on physical activity do not hold for everyone, so examinations of possible resilience resources that might protect individuals from the harmful effects of stress are required. Accordingly, we conducted a measurement-burst study with 53 university students over a 6-month period to examine the dynamics among stress, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and resilience resources. Participants completed three bursts of 6 days, with each burst separated by an 8-week gap. Expectations regarding the moderating effects of resilience resources were unsupported. Daily reports of academic and general stress were positively associated with sedentary behavior and negatively associated with light and moderate intensity physical activity. Hair cortisol concentration significantly moderated the association between academic stress and sedentary behavior, such that in bursts where cortisol was lower the daily positive association between stress and sedentary behavior was weaker. The finding that academic and general stress are dynamically associated with lower levels of light and moderate intensity physical activity and higher levels of sedentary behavior is an important extension to previous research, which has relied mainly on cross-sectional designs and self-report methods. Future research might examine resilience resources that are specific to the outcomes of interest rather than rely on generic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L J Lines
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kagan J Ducker
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Fletcher
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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14
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Stamatakis E, Huang BH, Maher C, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Stathi A, Dempsey PC, Johnson N, Holtermann A, Chau JY, Sherrington C, Daley AJ, Hamer M, Murphy MH, Tudor-Locke C, Gibala MJ. Untapping the Health Enhancing Potential of Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity (VILPA): Rationale, Scoping Review, and a 4-Pillar Research Framework. Sports Med 2021; 51:1-10. [PMID: 33108651 PMCID: PMC7806564 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently revised public health guidelines acknowledge the health benefits of regular intermittent bouts of vigorous intensity incidental physical activity done as part of daily living, such as carrying shopping bags, walking uphill, and stair climbing. Despite this recognition and the advantages such lifestyle physical activity has over continuous vigorous intensity structured exercise, a scoping review we conducted revealed that current research in this area is, at best, rudimentary. Key gaps include the absence of an empirically-derived dose specification (e.g., minimum duration of lifestyle physical activity required to achieve absolute or relative vigorous intensity), lack of acceptable measurement standards, limited understanding of acute and chronic (adaptive) effects of intermittent vigorous bouts on health, and paucity of essential information necessary to develop feasible and scalable interventions (e.g., acceptability of this kind of physical activity by the public). To encourage collaboration and research agenda alignment among groups interested in this field, we propose a research framework to further understanding of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA). This framework comprises four pillars aimed at the development of: (a) an empirical definition of VILPA, (b) methods to reliably and accurately measure VILPA, (c) approaches to examine the short and long-term dose-response effects of VILPA, and (d) scalable and acceptable behavioural VILPA-promoting interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Stamatakis
- School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Hub D17, L6 West, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Bo-Huei Huang
- School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Hub D17, L6 West, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol Maher
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Physical Activity and Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratories, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nathan Johnson
- School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Hub D17, L6 West, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amanda J Daley
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise Health, Faculty Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marie H Murphy
- Doctoral College, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Co Antrim, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Catrine Tudor-Locke
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Martin J Gibala
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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15
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Carr RM, Quested E, Stenling A, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Prestwich A, Gucciardi DF, McVeigh J, Ntoumanis N. Postnatal Exercise Partners Study (PEEPS): a pilot randomized trial of a dyadic physical activity intervention for postpartum mothers and a significant other. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:251-284. [PMID: 34104560 PMCID: PMC8158286 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1902815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Research suggests dyadic interventions can increase physical activity; such interventions are untested within postpartum parent couples. Methods: A three-armed pilot randomized trial addressed this gap and tested which type of dyadic intervention is most effective. Inactive postpartum mothers and a significant other were recruited in Australia (n = 143 assessed for eligibility) and randomised in a single-blinded fashion (i.e. participants were blinded) to 1 of 3 dyadic conditions involving a single face-to-face session with access to web-based group support: a minimal treatment control (n = 34), collaborative planning group (n = 38), or collaborative planning + need supportive communication group (n = 30). Participants were asked to wear their accelerometers for 8 days and completed self-report measures at baseline, end of intervention (week 4), and follow-up (week 12). We expected dyads in the collaborative planning + need supportive communication group would have the greatest increases in Physical Activity (PA), autonomous motivation, and partners' need supportive behaviours; and decreases in controlled motivation and controlling partner behaviours. Results: Results from 51 dyads using Bayesian actor-partner interdependence models provided some evidence for a small positive effect on total PA at follow-up for postpartum mothers in the collaborative planning group and for partners in the collaborative planning + need supportive communication group. Furthermore, partners in the collaborative planning + need supportive communication group were more likely to engage in some vigorous PA. At follow-up, postpartum mothers in the collaborative planning + need supportive communication group scored lower on personal autonomous reasons. Conclusions: The impact of prior specification mean intervention effects need to be interpreted with caution. Progression to a full trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Margaret Carr
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Daniel Frank Gucciardi
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Joanne McVeigh
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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16
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Kritz M, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Mullan B, McVeigh J, Ntoumanis N. Effective Peer Leader Attributes for the Promotion of Walking in Older Adults. Gerontologist 2021; 60:1137-1148. [PMID: 32275315 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Peer-led interventions are promising for the promotion of physical activity behavior in older adults. However, little is known about the attributes of effective older peer leaders in such intervention programs. The objective was to determine what older adults perceive to be effective peer leader attributes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A mixed-methods concurrent triangulation design was used. Participants, aged 60 years and older, were recruited from retirement villages and existing walking groups in Western Australia. They were predominantly white, Australian-born, female, healthy retirees. The sample consisted of four groups of older adults: those who had taken part in past peer-led walking programs (experienced walkers; n = 18), those interested in joining as walkers in a peer-led walking intervention (inexperienced walkers; n = 43), those interested to take on a peer leader role (inexperienced peer leaders; n = 25), and those who had already served as peer leaders (experienced peer leaders; n = 15). Questionnaires measured perceived effective leadership attributes, and physical activity was measured using ActivPAL devices (N = 101; Mage [SD] = 75.36 [7.59]). Semistructured interviews were conducted with the majority of participants (N = 68; Mage [SD] = 74.68 [7.78]). RESULTS Overall, participants described an effective peer leader as optimistic, compassionate, and friendly, but differences in perceptions were apparent between the groups. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings advance knowledge about important characteristics of an effective older peer leader, which can inform peer leader training, recruitment of peer leaders, and future scale development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Kritz
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Joanne McVeigh
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,School of Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia.,Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
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17
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Nicholas JC, Ntoumanis N, Smith BJ, Quested E, Stamatakis E, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Development and feasibility of a mobile phone application designed to support physically inactive employees to increase walking. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:23. [PMID: 33478495 PMCID: PMC7819207 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-021-01391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity is a global health concern. mHealth interventions have become increasingly popular, but to date, principles of effective communication from Self-Determination Theory have not been integrated with behavior change techniques to optimize app effectiveness. We outline the development of the START app, an app combining SDT principles and 17 purposefully chosen BCTs to support inactive office employees to increase their walking during a 16-week randomized controlled trial. We also explored acceptability, engagement with, associations between app usage and behavioral engagement, and perceived impact of the app in supporting behavior change.
Methods Following development, fifty insufficiently physically active employees (M age = 44.21 ± 10.95 years; BMI = 29.02 ± 5.65) were provided access and instructions on use of the app. A mixed methods design was used to examine feasibility of the app, including the User Mobile App Rating Scale, app engagement data, step counts, and individual interviews. Linear mixed modeling and inductive thematic analysis were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Results Walkers rated the app quality favorably (M = 3.68 out of 5). Frequency of entering step counts (i.e., frequency of self-monitoring) on a weekly basis positively predicted weekly step counts measured via Fitbits at both the between-and within-individual levels. App features (entering daily step counts, reminders, and motivational messages) were perceived to assist walkers in fostering goal achievement by building competence and via self-monitoring. Conclusions The START app may be a useful component of walking interventions designed to increase walking in the workplace. Apps designed to promote walking behavior may be effective if they target users’ competence and integrate BCTs. Trial Registration: This study was part of a pilot larger randomized controlled trial, in which a component of the intervention involved the use of the mobile app. The trial was retrospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618000807257) on 11 May 2018 https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375049&isReview=true.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Catherine Nicholas
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts, Edith Cowan University, Mount Lawley, Perth, WA, 6050, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Brendan John Smith
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre L6 West, Hub D17, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
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18
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Dodos LA, Stenling A, Ntoumanis N. Does self-compassion help to deal with dietary lapses among overweight and obese adults who pursue weight-loss goals? Br J Health Psychol 2020; 26:767-788. [PMID: 33368932 PMCID: PMC8451927 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Self‐compassion can facilitate self‐improvement motivation. We examined the effects of self‐compassion in response to dietary lapses on outcomes relevant to weight‐loss strivings using a longitudinal design. The indirect effects of self‐compassion via guilt and shame were also explored. Design An Ecological Momentary Assessment methodology was employed with a sample of adults who were overweight or obese attempting to lose weight via dietary restriction (N = 56; Mage = 34.88; SD = 13.93; MBMI = 32.50; SD = 6.88) and who responded to brief surveys sent to their mobile phones twice daily for two weeks. Methods Dietary temptations and lapses were assessed at each diary entry, and self‐compassion in response to dietary lapses, intention to continue dieting, weight‐loss‐related self‐efficacy, negative reactions to the lapse, and self‐conscious emotions were surveyed on occasions when participants reported having experienced a dietary lapse. The participants were also weighed in a laboratory prior to the EMA phase and via self‐report straight after the EMA phase. Weight was measured again in the laboratory 12 weeks after the EMA period. Results Bayesian multilevel path analyses showed that self‐compassion did not predict weight loss. However, at the within‐person level, self‐compassion was positively related to intentions and self‐efficacy to continue dieting, and negatively related to negative affective reactions to the lapses. Guilt mediated the associations of self‐compassion with intention, self‐efficacy, and negative reactions. Conclusion Self‐compassion may be a powerful internal resource to cultivate when dieters experience inevitable setbacks during weight‐loss strivings which could facilitate weight‐loss perseverance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity & Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Louisa A Dodos
- Physical Activity & Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andreas Stenling
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden.,Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity & Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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19
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Lines RLJ, Ducker KJ, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Fletcher D, McGarry S, Gucciardi DF. Stress, physical activity, and resilience resources: Tests of direct and moderation effects in young adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1037/spy0000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Kwasnicka D, Ntoumanis N, Hunt K, Gray CM, Newton RU, Gucciardi DF, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Olson JL, McVeigh J, Kerr DA, Wyke S, Morgan PJ, Robinson S, Makate M, Quested E. A gender-sensitised weight-loss and healthy living program for men with overweight and obesity in Australian Football League settings (Aussie-FIT): A pilot randomised controlled trial. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003136. [PMID: 32760144 PMCID: PMC7410214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence shows that sport settings can act as a powerful draw to engage men in weight loss. The primary objective of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of delivering and to evaluate preliminary efficacy of Aussie-FIT, a weight-loss program for men with overweight/obesity delivered in Australian Football League (AFL) settings, in preparation for a future definitive trial. METHODS AND FINDINGS This 6-month pilot trial took place in Perth, Australia. Participants were overweight/obese (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥ 28 kg/m2), middle-aged (35-65 years old) men. Participants were recruited in May 2018, and the intervention took place between June and December 2018. The intervention involved 12 weekly 90-min face-to-face sessions, incorporating physical activity, nutrition, and behaviour change information and practical activities delivered by coaches at 2 clubs. Data were collected at baseline and immediately postintervention. For trial feasibility purposes, 6-month follow-ups were completed. Outcomes were differences in weight loss (primary outcome) and recruitment and retention rates, self-reported measures (for example, psychological well-being), device-measured physical activity, waist size, and blood pressure at 3 months. Within 3 days of advertising at each club, 426 men registered interest; 306 (72%) were eligible. Men were selected on a first-come first-served basis (n = 130; M age = 45.8, SD = 8; M BMI = 34.48 kg/m2, SD = 4.87) and randomised by a blinded researcher. Trial retention was 86% and 63% at 3- and 6-month follow-ups (respectively). No adverse events were reported. At 3 months, mean difference in weight between groups, adjusted for baseline weight and group, was 3.3 kg (95% CI 1.9, 4.8) in favour of the intervention group (p < 0.001). The intervention group's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was higher than the control group by 8.54 min/day (95% CI 1.37, 15.71, p = 0.02). MVPA among men attracted to Aussie-FIT was high at baseline (intervention arm 35.61 min/day, control arm 38.38 min/day), which may have limited the scope for improvement. CONCLUSIONS Aussie-FIT was feasible to deliver; participants increased physical activity, decreased weight, and reported improvements in other outcomes. Issues with retention were a limitation of this trial. In a future, fully powered randomised controlled trial (RCT), retention could be improved by conducting assessments outside of holiday seasons. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12617000515392.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kwasnicka
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Kate Hunt
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Cindy M. Gray
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Robert U. Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Daniel F. Gucciardi
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jenny L. Olson
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Joanne McVeigh
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy & Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Deborah A. Kerr
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sally Wyke
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Marshall Makate
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-being Research Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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21
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Lines RLJ, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, McVeigh JA, Ducker KJ, Fletcher D, Gucciardi DF. Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 23:831-835. [PMID: 32312612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the longitudinal associations and differences between self-reported and device-assessed physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), using a multifaceted statistical approach. DESIGN Longitudinal measurement burst. METHODS In total, 52 university students (78% female) aged 18-38 years (mean=21.94±4.57 years) participated. The study consisted of three blocks of six days of measurement, during which participants wore an accelerometer on their wrist for the entire block, and self-reported their PA over the 6 days at the end of each block. RESULTS Meaningful latent differences between methods were observed for moderate PA and SB across all three assessment periods, such that participants underreported the time spent in each activity. Bland-Altman plots revealed a positive mean difference for vigorous PA, with over-reporting increasing as mean levels increased. Negative mean differences were observed for all other intensities. Underreporting of moderate PA increased as the mean level increased, whereas for light PA and SB, underreporting decreased at high levels. Repeated measures correlations revealed a meaningful association for vigorous PA only, suggesting that as self-reported minutes increase so too do device-measured minutes. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of cross-sectional and longitudinal differences and weak associations between self-reported and device-assessed PA and SB. Future work is needed to enhance the quality of self-reported methods to assess PA and SB (e.g., face and content validity), and consider improvements to the processing of device-based data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L J Lines
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia; Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, Curtin University, Australia.
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, Curtin University, Australia; School of Psychology, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, Curtin University, Australia; School of Psychology, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Joanne A McVeigh
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, Curtin University, Australia; School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work, and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia; Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Kagan J Ducker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia
| | - David Fletcher
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia; Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, Curtin University, Australia
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22
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Quested E, Smith BS, Nicholas J, McVeigh J, Fenton SAM, Stamatakis E, Parker S, Pereira G, Gucciardi DF, Ntoumanis N. Feasibility and preliminary effects of a peer-led motivationally-embellished workplace walking intervention: A pilot cluster randomized trial (the START trial). Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 91:105969. [PMID: 32114186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.105969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Walking interventions can be effective in increasing physical activity amongst physically inactive employees. However, despite their promising potential regarding sustainability and scalability, peer-led workplace walking interventions have not been tested. We evaluated a peer-led workplace group walking intervention designed to engage physically inactive employees. A 16-week pilot cluster randomized controlled trial consisted of enhanced (5 worksites; n = 50 participants) and minimal treatment (3 worksites; n = 47) conditions. All participants were provided with a Fitbit Zip and information on health benefits of walking. Enhanced treatment participants had access to a mobile phone app incorporating behavior change techniques, were trained on principles of autonomous motivation, and had a peer leader trained in a motivationally supportive communication style. Feasibility assessments included recruitment and drop-out rates, assessment completion rates, training acceptability (walkers and peer leaders), and intervention acceptability (walkers only). Outcomes assessed included movement-related behaviors (assessed via activPAL devices), cardio-metabolic risk factors, motivation to walk, and well-being, and these measures were taken at baseline and post-intervention. The results supported intervention feasibility. Preliminary efficacy evidence was mixed. Markers of cardio-metabolic risk improved in the enhanced treatment only. Autonomous motivation increased in both conditions. There were no changes in step counts, standing, and sitting time, or well-being. Further fine tuning is needed before a definitive RCT. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12618000807257.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - E Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - B S Smith
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - J Nicholas
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - J McVeigh
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - S A M Fenton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England
| | - E Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Parker
- Centre for Transformative Work Design, Future of Work Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - G Pereira
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - D F Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - N Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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23
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Ntoumanis N, Stenling A, Quested E, Nikitaras N, Olson J, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Self-Compassion and Need Frustration Moderate the Effects of Upward Appearance Comparisons on Body Image Discrepancies. J Psychol 2020; 154:292-308. [PMID: 32013777 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2020.1716669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drawing from diverse theoretical frameworks, we examined predictors of discrepancy between current and ideal body image in a sample of 396 Greek adolescents. The participants completed assessments of the frequency of comparing oneself with someone of perceived better appearance, appearance evaluations, frustration of basic psychological needs, and appearance self-compassion. We found that upward appearance comparisons negatively predicted appearance evaluation, which in turn was a negative predictor of body image discrepancy. Moderated mediation analyses showed that appearance self-compassion buffered, whereas psychological need frustration augmented the negative effects of upward comparisons on appearance evaluation. Our findings contribute to the growing literature on body image discrepancies in adolescence by examining moderating factors that amplify or buffer such discrepancies, hence identifying viable intervention pathways.
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24
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Ntoumanis N, Ng JY, Prestwich A, Quested E, Hancox JE, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Deci EL, Ryan RM, Lonsdale C, Williams GC. A meta-analysis of self-determination theory-informed intervention studies in the health domain: effects on motivation, health behavior, physical, and psychological health. Health Psychol Rev 2020; 15:214-244. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2020.1718529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Johan Y.Y. Ng
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Eleanor Quested
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jennie E. Hancox
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Group, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Edward L. Deci
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
- School of Management, University of South-east Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard M. Ryan
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Geoffrey C. Williams
- Department of Medicine, Psychology, and Psychiatry, Center for Community Health and Prevention, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA
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25
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Park S, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Ntoumanis N. The Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Predicting Daily Pain and Fatigue in Older Adults: a Diary Study. Ann Behav Med 2019. [PMID: 28646335 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-017-9921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little attention has been paid to within-person daily associations among light physical activity (PA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) with subsequent bodily pain and fatigue. Daily reports of pain and fatigue are less likely to be affected by recall bias and to conflate days of high and low pain/ fatigue into one overall score. Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine daily within-person associations between pain, fatigue, and physical health and ascertain whether such associations are moderated by individual differences in these variables. Methods Participants were 63 community-living older adults (female n = 43, mean age = 70.98 years). Questionnaires measured typical levels of PA, SB, bodily pain, fatigue, and physical health. Subsequently, on a daily basis over a 1-week period, participants' levels of light PA, MVPA, and SB were measured using accelerometers. Participants completed a questionnaire rating their pain and fatigue at the end of each day. Results Multilevel modeling revealed positive within-person associations between daily light PA, dailyMVPA, and pain, as well as negative within-person associations between daily SB and pain. For individuals with higher typical levels of fatigue, there was a negative association between daily light PA, MVPA, and fatigue. For individuals with better levels of physical health, there was also a negative association between daily MVPA and fatigue. For those with higher typical levels of fatigue and better levels of physical health, there was a positive association between daily SB and fatigue. No such interaction effects were found between high levels of typical pain and PA or SB. Conclusions Our findings indicate that efforts to promote daily PA in older adults might be more effective for those who report high typical levels of fatigue and physical health, compared to those who report high levels of daily physical pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saengryeol Park
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology & Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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26
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Quested E, Biddle SJH, Kritz M, Olson J, Burton E, Cerin E, Hill KD, McVeigh J, Ntoumanis N. Trial feasibility and process evaluation of a motivationally-embellished group peer led walking intervention in retirement villages using the RE-AIM framework: the residents in action trial (RiAT). Health Psychol Behav Med 2019; 7:202-233. [PMID: 34040848 PMCID: PMC8114369 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2019.1629934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The Residents in Action Trial (RiAT; ACTRN12616001177448) was a 16-week motivationally-embellished peer-led walking intervention designed to increase walking, reduce sitting, and improve mental health and well-being in insufficiently active residents in retirement villages. In this paper we report on 1) trial feasibility and acceptability, and 2) evaluate the processes involved in the implementation of the intervention using the RE-AIM framework. Method: A mixed methods design was employed, consisting of data from accelerometers, surveys, (individual, pair-based and focus group) interviews, and participant logbooks. Participants included 116 walkers (M(SD) age = 78.37(8.30); 92% female), 8 peer leaders (i.e. ambassadors) and 3 retirement village managers from 14 retirement villages. Descriptives and linear mixed modelling were used to analyse the quantitative data and inductive thematic analyses were employed to analyse the interview data. Results: The intended cluster randomised controlled design became quasi-experimental due to insufficient numbers of recruited ambassadors. The perceived burden of the number and frequency of research assessments was a frequently mentioned reason for a poor recruitment. Facilitators to walking maintenance were the use of self-monitoring, goal setting, social support, and having a routine. Reach was modest (about 14% of eligible participants were recruited from each village), but retention was excellent (92%). The motivational strategies taught appeared to have been implemented, at least in part, by the ambassadors. The walkers in the main experimental condition increased marginally their step counts, but there were no group differences on mental health and well-being outcomes, partly because of low statistical power. Conclusions: Walkers and ambassadors who did take part in the study suggested that they enjoyed the programme and found it useful in terms of becoming more active and making social connections. However, the group format was not appealing to some participants, hence, other delivery options should be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | - Marlene Kritz
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jenny Olson
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | - Elissa Burton
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Keith D Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Joanne McVeigh
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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27
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Lines RLJ, Crane M, Ducker KJ, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Fletcher D, Gucciardi DF. Profiles of adversity and resilience resources: A latent class analysis of two samples. Br J Psychol 2019; 111:174-199. [PMID: 30932182 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adversities refer to events that are characterized by perceived or actual threat to human functioning. Often considered deleterious for health and well-being, recent work supports an alternative picture of the effects of adversity on human functioning, such that a moderate amount of adversity - when compared with none or high levels - can be beneficial. We extend this body of work in the current study by considering the breadth or type of adversities experienced simultaneously (referred to as polyadversity), with a focus on individual profiles of lifetime adversities. Latent class analysis was employed to explore different configurations of lifetime adversity experiences in two independent samples and examine how these latent classes differed with regard to resilience resources (i.e., optimism, hope, self-efficacy, and bounce-back ability). University students (N = 348) and members from the broader community (N = 1,506) completed measures of lifetime adversity exposure and resilience resources. Three polyadversity classes were revealed in each sample, with both producing a high and a low polyadversity class. The third class differed between samples; in the student sample, this class represented experiences of vicarious adversity, whereas in the community sample, it represented moderate levels of exposure to adversity. Support for the adaptive nature of a moderate amount of adversity exposure was found in the community sample but not in the student sample. This study produces initial evidence of how lifetime adversity experiences group together and how class membership is related to resilience resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L J Lines
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Monique Crane
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kagan J Ducker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Fletcher
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Physical Activity and Well-Being Lab, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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28
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Quested E, Kwasnicka D, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gucciardi DF, Kerr DA, Hunt K, Robinson S, Morgan PJ, Newton RU, Gray C, Wyke S, McVeigh J, Malacova E, Ntoumanis N. Protocol for a gender-sensitised weight loss and healthy living programme for overweight and obese men delivered in Australian football league settings (Aussie-FIT): A feasibility and pilot randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022663. [PMID: 30337315 PMCID: PMC6196804 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among Australian men. Professional sports settings can act as a powerful 'hook' to engage men in weight loss programmes; the Football Fans in Training programme delivered in professional UK soccer clubs was successful and cost-effective in helping men lose weight. The Australian Football League (AFL) is a potentially attractive setting to engage men in a weight loss programme. We aim to develop, pilot and evaluate the feasibility of a weight loss intervention for overweight/obese middle-aged men, delivered in AFL settings, to promote weight loss and healthier lifestyles and determine its suitability for a future randomised control trial. METHODS AND ANALYSIS 120 overweight/obese male fans will complete baseline physical and psychological health measures and objective measures of physical activity (PA), weight, waist size and blood pressure prior to randomisation into the intervention or waitlist comparison group. The intervention group will receive 12 weekly 90 min workshops incorporating PA, nutrition education, behaviour change techniques and principles of effective motivation. Four community coaches will be trained to deliver Aussie-FIT at two AFL clubs in Western Australia. Measurements will be repeated in both groups at 3 months (post-intervention) and 6 months (follow-up). Outcomes will include programme uptake, attendance, changes in lifestyle and weight variables to inform power calculations for a future definitive trial, fidelity of programme delivery, acceptability, satisfaction with the programme and perceptions of effectiveness. We will also determine trial feasibility and potential to gather cost-effectiveness data. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was granted by Curtin University's Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC2017-0458). Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and reports. A multicomponent dissemination strategy will include targeted translation and stakeholder engagement events to establish strategies for sustainability and policy change. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12617000515392; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Quested
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Deborah A Kerr
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Hunt
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cindy Gray
- Institute of Health and Well-being, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sally Wyke
- Institute of Health and Well-being, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne McVeigh
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa
- School of Occupational Therapy & Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eva Malacova
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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29
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Carr RM, Prestwich A, Kwasnicka D, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gucciardi DF, Quested E, Hall LH, Ntoumanis N. Dyadic interventions to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour: systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev 2018; 13:91-109. [PMID: 30284501 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2018.1532312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Several interventions have targeted dyads to promote physical activity (PA) or reduce sedentary behaviour (SB), but the evidence has not been synthesised. Sixty-nine studies were identified from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, and 59 were included in the main meta-analyses (providing 72 independent tests). Intervention details, type of dyadic goal, participant characteristics, and methodological quality were extracted and their impact on the overall effect size was examined. Sensitivity analyses tested effect robustness to (a) the effects of other statistically significant moderators; (b) outliers; (c) data included for participants who were not the main target of the intervention. Dyadic interventions had a small positive, highly heterogeneous, effect on PA g = .203, 95% CI [0.123-0.282], compared to comparison conditions including equivalent interventions targeting individuals. Shared target-oriented goals (where both dyad members hold the same PA goal for the main target of the intervention) and peer/friend dyads were associated with larger effect sizes across most analyses. Dyadic interventions produced a small homogeneous reduction in SB. Given dyadic interventions promote PA over-and-above equivalent interventions targeting individuals, these interventions should be more widespread. However, moderating factors such as the types of PA goal and dyad need to be considered to maximise effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Carr
- a School of Psychology, Curtin University , Perth , Western Australia
| | - A Prestwich
- b School of Psychology, University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - D Kwasnicka
- a School of Psychology, Curtin University , Perth , Western Australia
| | | | - D F Gucciardi
- c School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University , Perth , Western Australia
| | - E Quested
- a School of Psychology, Curtin University , Perth , Western Australia
| | - L H Hall
- b School of Psychology, University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - N Ntoumanis
- a School of Psychology, Curtin University , Perth , Western Australia
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30
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Chapman MT, Lines RLJ, Crane M, Ducker KJ, Ntoumanis N, Peeling P, Parker SK, Quested E, Temby P, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gucciardi DF. Team resilience: A scoping review of conceptual and empirical work. Work & Stress 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2018.1529064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Chapman
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Robin L. J. Lines
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Monique Crane
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kagan J. Ducker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Peter Peeling
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | - Philip Temby
- Land Division, Defence Science and Technology Group, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Daniel F. Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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31
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Quested E, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Uren H, Hardcastle SJ, Ryan RM. Community Gardening: Basic Psychological Needs as Mechanisms to Enhance Individual and Community Well-Being. Ecopsychology 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2018.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah Uren
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Richard M. Ryan
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, Australia
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32
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Gucciardi DF, Crane M, Ntoumanis N, Parker SK, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ducker KJ, Peeling P, Chapman MT, Quested E, Temby P. The emergence of team resilience: A multilevel conceptual model of facilitating factors. J Occup Organ Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Monique Crane
- School of Psychology; Macquarie University; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Sharon K. Parker
- Curtin Business School; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | | | - Kagan J. Ducker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Peter Peeling
- School of Human Sciences; The University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Michael T. Chapman
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- School of Psychology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Philip Temby
- Land Division; Defence Science and Technology Group; Edinburgh South Australia Australia
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Park S, Ntoumanis N, Fenton SAM, Stenling A, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. A Person-Centered Analysis of Motivation for Physical Activity and Perceived Neighborhood Environment in Residents of Assisted Living Facilities. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2018; 89:257-278. [PMID: 29966431 DOI: 10.1177/0091415018784763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to identify profiles of individual, social, and perceived neighborhood environmental correlates of physical activity (PA) and to explore differences between the identified profiles in PA. Residents of assisted living facilities ( N = 87, M age = 77.57 years) were recruited for the cross-sectional study. Participants reported their perceived support from important others for PA, basic psychological need satisfaction and motivation for PA, and perceived neighborhood environment around the assisted living facilities. Engagement in light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA was measured by accelerometers over 1 week. We identified three profiles using latent profile analysis: ‘low self-determined and minimally supported', ‘moderately self-determined and supported', and ‘highly self-determined and supported'. Results showed participants in the highly self-determined and supported profile engaged in higher levels of light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA than participants from other profiles. Findings showed perceptions of the neighborhood environment should be taken into account with motivation regarding PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saengryeol Park
- 1 School of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- 2 School of Psychology & Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Sally A M Fenton
- 3 School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Andreas Stenling
- 4 Department of Psychology, Umeå Universitet, Sweden.,5 Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,6 Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Burton E, Hill KD, Lautenschlager NT, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Lewin G, Boyle E, Howie E. Reliability and validity of two fitness tracker devices in the laboratory and home environment for older community-dwelling people. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:103. [PMID: 29724191 PMCID: PMC5934836 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two-thirds of older Australians are sedentary. Fitness trackers have been popular with younger people and may encourage older adults to become more active. Older adults may have different gait patterns and as such it is important to establish whether fitness trackers are valid and reliable for this population. The aim of the study was to test the reliability and validity of two fitness trackers (Fitbit Flex and ChargeHR) by step count when worn by older adults. Reliability and validity were tested in two conditions: 1) in the laboratory using a two-minute-walk-test (2MWT) and 2) in a free-living environment. Methods Two 2MWTs were completed while wearing the fitness trackers. Participants were videoed during each test. Participants were then given one fitness tracker and a GENEactiv accelerometer to wear at home for 14-days. Results Thirty-one participants completed two 2MWTs and 30 completed the free-living procedure. Intra Class Correlation’s of the fitness trackers with direct observation of steps (criterion validity) was high (ICC:0.86,95%CI:0.76,0.93). However, both fitness trackers underestimated steps. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC ≥ 0.75) was found between the two 2MWTs for each device, particularly the ChargeHR devices. Good strength of agreement was found for total distance and steps (fitness tracker) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (GENEactiv) for the free-living environment (Spearman Rho’s 0.78 and 0.74 respectively). Conclusion Reliability and validity of the Flex and ChargeHR when worn by older adults is good, however both devices underestimated step count within the laboratory environment. These fitness trackers appear suitable for consumer use and promoting physical activity for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Burton
- School of Physiotherapy & Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Keith D Hill
- School of Physiotherapy & Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicola T Lautenschlager
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, The University of Melbourne and NorthWestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Gill Lewin
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eileen Boyle
- School of Physiotherapy & Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Erin Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N, Carey R, Dodos L, Quested E, Chatzisarantis N. A diary study of appearance social comparisons and need frustration in young women. Personality and Individual Differences 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ntoumanis N, Stenling A, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Vlachopoulos S, Lindwall M, Gucciardi DF, Tsakonitis C. Longitudinal associations between exercise identity and exercise motivation: A multilevel growth curve model approach. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:746-753. [PMID: 28742272 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Past work linking exercise identity and exercise motivation has been cross-sectional. This is the first study to model the relations between different types of exercise identity and exercise motivation longitudinally. Understanding the dynamic associations between these sets of variables has implications for theory development and applied research. This was a longitudinal survey study. Participants were 180 exercisers (79 men, 101 women) from Greece, who were recruited from fitness centers and were asked to complete questionnaires assessing exercise identity (exercise beliefs and role-identity) and exercise motivation (intrinsic, identified, introjected, external motivation, and amotivation) three times within a 6 month period. Multilevel growth curve modeling examined the role of motivational regulations as within- and between-level predictors of exercise identity, and a model in which exercise identity predicted exercise motivation at the within- and between-person levels. Results showed that within-person changes in intrinsic motivation, introjected, and identified regulations were positively and reciprocally related to within-person changes in exercise beliefs; intrinsic motivation was also a positive predictor of within-person changes in role-identity but not vice versa. Between-person differences in the means of predictor variables were predictive of initial levels and average rates of change in the outcome variables. The findings show support to the proposition that a strong exercise identity (particularly exercise beliefs) can foster motivation for behaviors that reinforce this identity. We also demonstrate that such relations can be reciprocal overtime and can depend on the type of motivation in question as well as between-person differences in absolute levels of these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Stenling
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - C Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S Vlachopoulos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - M Lindwall
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Psychology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D F Gucciardi
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C Tsakonitis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Wright A, Quested E, Burton E, Hill KD, Cerin E, Biddle SJH, Ntoumanis N. Protocol for the residents in action pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (RiAT): evaluating a behaviour change intervention to promote walking, reduce sitting and improve mental health in physically inactive older adults in retirement villages. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e015543. [PMID: 28645969 PMCID: PMC5734553 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ageing is accompanied by increased risks of chronic disease, declined functioning and increased dependency. Physical activity is critical to retaining health and independence, but the majority of older people are insufficiently physically active to achieve these benefits and have high levels of sedentary (sitting) time. Activity programmes are often offered in retirement villages; however, their uptake is limited. Furthermore, although the physical environment in and around these villages can play an important role in decisions to be physically active, its role is often overlooked by research in these settings. We aim to develop, implement and evaluate a proof-of-concept motivationally embellished intervention designed to increase walking, reduce sitting and improve mental health in residents in retirement villages. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This will be a 16-week pilot intervention using a cluster randomised design with retirement villages as the unit of randomisation and residents as the unit of assessment. Fourteen retirement villages around Perth, Western Australia, will be recruited for the intervention. Objective audits of neighbourhood environments around each village will be completed using the Pathway Environmental Audit Tool. Seven villages will be randomised to the experimental arm and seven to the control arm. Only participants in the experimental arm will receive motivational training. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, end of intervention and 6-month follow-up. Changes in physical activity levels, sitting time and mental health will be examined. Multilevel modelling will be used to analyse the data. A mixed methods process evaluation will also be conducted. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was granted by Curtin University's Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC2016-0187). The results of the study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and reports to, and seminars with, stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12616001177448.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ashlene Wright
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eleanor Quested
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elissa Burton
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Keith D Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Dodos L, Chatzisarantis N, Ntoumanis N. A Diary Study of Self-Compassion, Upward Social Comparisons, and Body Image-Related Outcomes. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2017; 9:242-258. [DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Park S, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N, Stenling A, Fenton SAM, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS. Profiles of Physical Function, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior and their Associations with Mental Health in Residents of Assisted Living Facilities. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2017; 9:60-80. [PMID: 28332337 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study used latent profile analyses to identify classes of older participants based on physical health, physical function, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and then examined differences in mental health between these classes. METHODS Eighty-five residents (M = 77.5 years old, SD = 8.2) from assisted living facilities participated. Light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and sedentary behavior were assessed by accelerometers, physical function was measured using different tasks (mobility, grip strength, and spirometry), and body mass index was calculated. Mental and physical health (i.e. anxiety, depression, fatigue, vitality, and subjective mental and physical health) were assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS Latent profile analyses revealed three classes: "Class 1: Low physical function and physical activity with a highly sedentary lifestyle" (27.1%), "Class 2: Moderate physical function and physical activity with a moderate sedentary lifestyle" (41.2%), "Class 3: High physical function and physical activity with an active lifestyle" (31.8%). The results revealed that the latter class reported better mental health than the other two classes. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that health promotion for older adults might benefit from identifying profiles of movement-related behaviors when examining the links between physical activity and mental health. Future study should test the intervention potential of this profiling approach.
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Lindwall M, Ivarsson A, Weman-Josefsson K, Jonsson L, Ntoumanis N, Patrick H, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Markland D, Teixeira P. Stirring the motivational soup: within-person latent profiles of motivation in exercise. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:4. [PMID: 28088208 PMCID: PMC5237570 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to use a person-oriented analytical approach to identify latent motivational profiles, based on the different behavioural regulations for exercise, and to examine differences in satisfaction of basic psychological needs (competence, autonomy and relatedness) and exercise behaviour across these motivational profiles. Methods Two samples, consisting of 1084 and 511 adults respectively, completed exercise-related measures of behavioural regulation and psychological need satisfaction as well as exercise behaviour. Latent profile analyses were used to identify motivational profiles. Results Six profiles, representing different combinations of regulations for exercise, were found to best represent data in both samples. Some profiles were found in both samples (e.g., low motivation profile, self-determined motivation profile and self-determined with high introjected regulation profile), whereas others were unique to each sample. In line with the Self-Determination Theory, individuals belonging to more self-determined profiles demonstrated higher scores on need satisfaction. Conclusions The results support the notions of motivation being a multidimensional construct and that people have different, sometimes competing, reasons for engaging in exercise. The benefits of using person-oriented analyses to examine within-person interactions of motivation and different regulations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Lindwall
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | | | - Linus Jonsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology & Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | | | | | - David Markland
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Pedro Teixeira
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Chatzisarantis NLD, Barkoukis V, Petridis P, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N, Gountas S, Gountas J, Adam D, Hagger MS. Prioritizing Intentions on the Margins: Effects of Marginally Higher Prioritization Strategies on Physical Activity Participation. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2016; 38:355-366. [PMID: 27736281 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2016-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous research documented that "extremely high prioritization" strategies that involved allocation of all resources for time or energy on pursuing goals related to leisure-time physical activity and none of available resources on competing behavioral goals were optimal in terms of yielding highest levels of participation in physical activities. This study examined whether a "marginally higher prioritization" strategy that involved an intention to invest large but slightly more resources on physical activity than competing behaviors was optimal. In addition, we examined whether linear and quadratic models supported different conclusions about optimal prioritizations strategies. Response surface analyses of a quadratic model revealed that marginally higher prioritization was the most effective strategy. In addition, a linear regression model led us to incorrectly reject a "simultaneous goal pursuit" strategy in favor of an extremely high prioritization strategy. Findings suggest that prioritization strategies that "garner" low opportunity costs are the most optimal.
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N. A Self-determination Theory Approach to the Study of Body Image Concerns, Self-presentation and Self-perceptions in a Sample of Aerobic Instructors. J Health Psychol 2016; 12:301-15. [PMID: 17284494 DOI: 10.1177/1359105307074267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined motivational predictors of body image concerns, self-presentation and self-perceptions using Self-determination Theory as a guiding framework. Aerobic instructors ( N = 149) completed questionnaires measuring general need satisfaction, exercise motivational regulations, body image concerns, social physique anxiety and self-perceptions. Introjected regulation predicted all outcome variables in the expected direction. Intrinsic motivation positively predicted physical self-worth. Further, autonomy need satisfaction negatively predicted body image concerns. Finally, differences existed in need satisfaction, introjected regulation, self-perceptions and social physique anxiety between those at risk of developing eating disorders and those not at risk. The results underline the importance of overall and exercise-specific feelings of self-determination in dealing with body image concerns and low self-perceptions of aerobics instructors.
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Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Quested E, Hancox J. The effects of training group exercise class instructors to adopt a motivationally adaptive communication style. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1026-1034. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Ntoumanis
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - C. Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - E. Quested
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - J. Hancox
- Division of Rehabilitation and Ageing; School of Medicine; University of Nottingham; Nottingham UK
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Shepherd SO, Wilson OJ, Taylor AS, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Adlan AM, Wagenmakers AJM, Shaw CS. Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training in a Gym Setting Improves Cardio-Metabolic and Psychological Health. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139056. [PMID: 26402859 PMCID: PMC4581708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Within a controlled laboratory environment, high-intensity interval training (HIT) elicits similar cardiovascular and metabolic benefits as traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). It is currently unclear how HIT can be applied effectively in a real-world environment. Purpose To investigate the hypothesis that 10 weeks of HIT, performed in an instructor-led, group-based gym setting, elicits improvements in aerobic capacity (VO2max), cardio-metabolic risk and psychological health which are comparable to MICT. Methods Ninety physically inactive volunteers (42±11 y, 27.7±4.8 kg.m-2) were randomly assigned to HIT or MICT group exercise classes. HIT consisted of repeated sprints (15–60 seconds, >90% HRmax) interspersed with periods of recovery cycling (≤25 min.session-1, 3 sessions.week-1). MICT participants performed continuous cycling (~70% HRmax, 30–45 min.session-1, 5 sessions.week-1). VO2max, markers of cardio-metabolic risk, and psychological health were assessed pre and post-intervention. Results Mean weekly training time was 55±10 (HIT) and 128±44 min (MICT) (p<0.05), with greater adherence to HIT (83±14% vs. 61±15% prescribed sessions attended, respectively; p<0.05). HIT improved VO2max, insulin sensitivity, reduced abdominal fat mass, and induced favourable changes in blood lipids (p<0.05). HIT also induced beneficial effects on health perceptions, positive and negative affect, and subjective vitality (p<0.05). No difference between HIT and MICT was seen for any of these variables. Conclusions HIT performed in a real-world gym setting improves cardio-metabolic risk factors and psychological health in physically inactive adults. With a reduced time commitment and greater adherence than MICT, HIT offers a viable and effective exercise strategy to target the growing incidence of metabolic disease and psychological ill-being associated with physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam O. Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver J. Wilson
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity & Leisure, Carnegie Faculty, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra S. Taylor
- UBSport Hi Performance Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ahmed M. Adlan
- Department of Cardiology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anton J. M. Wagenmakers
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher S. Shaw
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Shepherd SO, Ntoumanis N, Wagenmakers AJM, Shaw CS. Intrinsic motivation in two exercise interventions: Associations with fitness and body composition. Health Psychol 2015; 35:195-8. [PMID: 26389719 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the motivational process through which increases in aerobic capacity and decreases in total body fat are achieved during high-intensity intermittent training (HIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) interventions. METHOD Eighty-seven physically inactive adults (65% women, age = 42 ± 12, BMI = 27.67 ± 4.99 kg/m²) took part in a 10-week randomized intervention testing group-based HIT, operationalized as repeated sprints of 15-60 s interspersed with periods of recovery cycling ≤ 25 min/session, 3 sessions/wk⁻¹, or MICT, operationalized as cycling at constant workload of ∼65% maximum aerobic capacity (VO2max, 30-45 min/session⁻¹, 5 sessions/wk⁻¹. Assessments of VO2max and total body fat were made pre- and postintervention. Motivation variables were assessed midintervention and class attendance was monitored throughout. Path analysis was employed, controlling for treatment arm and baseline values of VO2max and total body fat. RESULTS The 2 groups differed in adherence only, favoring HIT. Baseline VO2max predicted intrinsic motivation midintervention. Intrinsic motivation predicted program adherence, which in turn predicted increases in VO2max and decreases in total body fat by the end of the study. CONCLUSION Intrinsic motivation in HIT and MICT is positively linked to adherence to these programs, which can facilitate improvements in fitness and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam O Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University
| | - Anton J M Wagenmakers
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
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Hancox JE, Quested E, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N. An intervention to train group exercise class instructors to adopt a motivationally adaptive communication style: a quasi-experimental study protocol. Health Psychol Behav Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2015.1074075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ng JYY, Ntoumanis N, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Deci EL, Ryan RM, Duda JL, Williams GC. Self-Determination Theory Applied to Health Contexts: A Meta-Analysis. Perspect Psychol Sci 2015; 7:325-40. [PMID: 26168470 DOI: 10.1177/1745691612447309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 849] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Behavior change is more effective and lasting when patients are autonomously motivated. To examine this idea, we identified 184 independent data sets from studies that utilized self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 2000) in health care and health promotion contexts. A meta-analysis evaluated relations between the SDT-based constructs of practitioner support for patient autonomy and patients' experience of psychological need satisfaction, as well as relations between these SDT constructs and indices of mental and physical health. Results showed the expected relations among the SDT variables, as well as positive relations of psychological need satisfaction and autonomous motivation to beneficial health outcomes. Several variables (e.g., participants' age, study design) were tested as potential moderators when effect sizes were heterogeneous. Finally, we used path analyses of the meta-analyzed correlations to test the interrelations among the SDT variables. Results suggested that SDT is a viable conceptual framework to study antecedents and outcomes of motivation for health-related behaviors.
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Hardcastle SJ, Hancox J, Hattar A, Maxwell-Smith C, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Hagger MS. Motivating the unmotivated: how can health behavior be changed in those unwilling to change? Front Psychol 2015; 6:835. [PMID: 26136716 PMCID: PMC4468355 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Hardcastle
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin UniversityPerth, WA, Australia
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Abstract
This research examined the processes underpinning changes in psychological well-being and behavioural regulation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients using self-determination theory (SDT). A repeated measures design was used to identify the longitudinal relationships between SDT variables, psychological well-being and exercise behaviour during and following a structured CR programme. Participants were 389 cardiac patients (aged 36-84 years; M(age) = 64 ± 9 years; 34.3% female) referred to a 12-week-supervised CR programme. Psychological need satisfaction, behavioural regulation, health-related quality of life, physical self-worth, anxiety and depression were measured at programme entry, exit and six month post-programme. During the programme, increases in autonomy satisfaction predicted positive changes in behavioural regulation, and improvements in competence and relatedness satisfaction predicted improvements in behavioural regulation and well-being. Competence satisfaction also positively predicted habitual physical activity. Decreases in external regulation and increases in intrinsic motivation predicted improvements in physical self-worth and physical well-being, respectively. Significant longitudinal relationships were identified whereby changes during the programme predicted changes in habitual physical activity and the mental quality of life from exit to six month follow-up. Findings provide insight into the factors explaining psychological changes seen during CR. They highlight the importance of increasing patients' perceptions of psychological need satisfaction and self-determined motivation to improve well-being during the structured component of a CR programme and longer term physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Jane Rahman
- a Department of Psychology , Aberystwyth University , Penbryn 5, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth SY23 3UX , Ceredigion , UK
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Loughren EA, Kinnafick FE, Taylor IM, Duda JL, Fox KR. Changes in work affect in response to lunchtime walking in previously physically inactive employees: A randomized trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015; 25:778-87. [PMID: 25559067 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity may regulate affective experiences at work, but controlled studies are needed and there has been a reliance on retrospective accounts of experience. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of lunchtime walks on momentary work affect at the individual and group levels. Physically inactive employees (N = 56; M age = 47.68; 92.86% female) from a large university in the UK were randomized to immediate treatment or delayed treatment (DT). The DT participants completed both a control and intervention period. During the intervention period, participants partook in three weekly 30-min lunchtime group-led walks for 10 weeks. They completed twice daily affective reports at work (morning and afternoon) using mobile phones on two randomly chosen days per week. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze the data. Lunchtime walks improved enthusiasm, relaxation, and nervousness at work, although the pattern of results differed depending on whether between-group or within-person analyses were conducted. The intervention was effective in changing some affective states and may have broader implications for public health and workplace performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - E A Loughren
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, UK
| | - F-E Kinnafick
- School of Health, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK
| | - I M Taylor
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - J L Duda
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - K R Fox
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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