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Papakonstantinou E, Athanasiadou KI, Markozannes G, Tzotzola V, Bouka E, Baka M, Moschovi M, Polychronopoulou S, Hatzipantelis E, Galani V, Stefanaki K, Strantzia K, Vousvouki M, Kourou P, Magkou E, Nikita M, Zambakides C, Michelarakis J, Alexopoulou A, Gavra M, Malama A, Ntzani EE, Petridou ET. Prognostic factors in high-grade pediatric osteosarcoma among children and young adults: Greek Nationwide Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors (NARECHEM-ST) data along with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 90:102551. [PMID: 38447251 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The 5-year overall survival of children and adolescents with osteosarcoma has been in plateau during the last 30 years. The present systematic review (1976-2023) and meta-analysis aimed to explore factors implicated in the prognosis of children and young adults with high-grade osteosarcoma. Original studies including patients ≤30 years and the Nationwide Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors (NARECHEM-ST) data (2010-2021) referred to children ≤14 years were analysed. Individual participant data (IPD) and summary estimates were used to assess the n-year survival rates, as well as the association of risk factors with overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). IPD and the n-year survival rates were pooled using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models, and random effects models, respectively. Data from 8412 patients, including 46 publications, NARECHEM-ST data, and 277 IPD from 10 studies were analysed. The summary 5-year OS rate was 64% [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 62%-66%, 37 studies, 6661 patients] and the EFS was 52% (95%CI: 49%-56%, 30 studies, 5010 patients). The survival rates generally differed in the pre-specified subgroups. Limb-salvage surgery showed a higher 5-year OS rate (69%) versus amputation (47%). Good responders had higher OS rates at 3 years (94%) and 5 years (81%), compared to poor responders at 3 years (66%), and 5 years (56%). Patients with metastatic disease had a higher risk of death [Hazard Ratio (HR): 3.60, 95%CI: 2.52, 5.15, 11 studies]. Sex did not have an impact on EFS (HR females/males: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.54, 1.48, 3 studies), whereas age>18 years seems to adversely affect EFS (HR 18+/<10 years: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.86, 3 studies). Our results summarize the collective experience on prognostic factors of high-grade osteosarcoma among children and young adults. Poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and metastatic disease at diagnosis were confirmed as primary risk factors of poor outcome. International collaboration of osteosarcoma study groups is essential to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Papakonstantinou
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Ippokratio General Hospital, 49 Konstantinoupoleos Street, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece.
| | - Kleoniki I Athanasiadou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 80 Vasilisis Sophias Avenue, Athens 11528, Greece.
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Tzotzola
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (TAO), Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Livadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Evdoxia Bouka
- Hellenic Society for Social Pediatrics and Health Promotion, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Baka
- Department of Oncology, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou", Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Moschovi
- Haematology-Oncology Unit, First Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Sophia Polychronopoulou
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (TAO), Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Livadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Emmanuel Hatzipantelis
- Children's & Adolescents Hematology-Oncology Unit, 2nd Paediatric Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Vasiliki Galani
- Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology Clinic, Children's Hospital "MITERA", Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Stefanaki
- Histopathology Department, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Katerina Strantzia
- Histopathology Department, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Vousvouki
- Childhood & Adolescent Hematology Oncology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece
| | - Panagiota Kourou
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, First Department of Pediatrics, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Evgenia Magkou
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Nikita
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Christos Zambakides
- 1st Orthopedic Clinic, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - John Michelarakis
- 2nd Orthopedic Clinic, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Alexopoulou
- Children's & Adolescents Radiotherapy Department, "Pan. & Agl. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Thivon and Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Maro Gavra
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Astero Malama
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Aghia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon and Levadias, Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Evangelia E Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Eleni Th Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, Athens 11527, Greece.
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Kaneuchi Y, Yoshida S, Fujiwara T, Evans S, Abudu A. Limb salvage surgery has a higher complication rate than amputation but is still beneficial for patients younger than 10 years old with osteosarcoma of an extremity. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:702-709. [PMID: 35490054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Limb preserving surgery for the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma younger than 10 years old is challenging and some authors have advocated amputation to reduce the risk of complications. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and surgical complications of patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity aged <10 years old who were treated with limb salvage and amputation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective review of patients aged <10 years old who were treated for primary osteosarcoma of bone between 2000 and 2018. RESULTS We analyzed 82 consecutive patients (32 males, 50 females; median age 8, range 3-9 yrs). Limb-salvage surgery (LSS; n = 65, 79%) and amputation (n = 17, 21%) were performed. Fourteen patients had metastasis at surgery. In patients without metastasis at surgery, the metastasis-free and overall survival rates at 5 years following LSS vs. amputation were 75% vs. 58% (p = 0.162) and 71% vs. 55% (p = 0.516), respectively. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates of the LSS and amputation groups of patients with metastasis at surgery were 88% versus 83% and 50% versus 0%, respectively (p = 0.180). The overall complication rates were 46% post-LSS with 31% requiring re-operation versus 12% post-amputation, with 6% requiring re-operation (p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The prognosis of patients with localized osteosarcoma aged <10 years undergoing LSS is similar to those treated with amputation, but LSS is associated with a higher risk of complications and subsequent re-operation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kaneuchi
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tomohiro Fujiwara
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Scott Evans
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adesegun Abudu
- Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Celik B, Cicek K, Leal AF, Tomatsu S. Regulation of Molecular Targets in Osteosarcoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12583. [PMID: 36293439 PMCID: PMC9604206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma, affects the growth plates of long bones in adolescents and young adults. Standard chemotherapeutic methods showed poor response rates in patients with recurrent and metastatic phases. Therefore, it is critical to develop novel and efficient targeted therapies to address relapse cases. In this regard, RNA interference technologies are encouraging options in cancer treatment, in which small interfering RNAs regulate the gene expression following RNA interference pathways. The determination of target tissue is as important as the selection of tissue-specific promoters. Moreover, small interfering RNAs should be delivered effectively into the cytoplasm. Lentiviral vectors could encapsulate and deliver the desired gene into the cell and integrate it into the genome, providing long-term regulation of targeted genes. Silencing overexpressed genes promote the tumor cells to lose invasiveness, prevents their proliferation, and triggers their apoptosis. The uniqueness of cancer cells among patients requires novel therapeutic methods that treat patients based on their unique mutations. Several studies showed the effectiveness of different approaches such as microRNA, drug- or chemotherapy-related methods in treating the disease; however, identifying various targets was challenging to understanding disease progression. In this regard, the patient-specific abnormal gene might be targeted using genomics and molecular advancements such as RNA interference approaches. Here, we review potential therapeutic targets for the RNA interference approach, which is applicable as a therapeutic option for osteosarcoma patients, and we point out how the small interfering RNA method becomes a promising approach for the unmet challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Celik
- Department of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Kader Cicek
- Department of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Andrés Felipe Leal
- Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
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Morsy AM, Ahmed BM, Rezk KM, Ramadan IK, Aboelgheit AM, Eltyb HA, Abd Elbadee OM, El-Naggar MS. Age and Tumor Location Predict Survival in Nonmetastatic Osteosarcoma in Upper Egypt. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2020; 42:e66-78. [PMID: 31107367 DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000001506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aims of this study were to assess survival outcome of pediatric patients with localized osteosarcoma of the extremities in Upper Egypt, identify factors of prognostic significance for survival, and to determine factors predictive of surgical methods used in these patients, as well as developing a clinical model for risk prediction. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of data assembled from medical records of 30 pediatric patients with a histologically verified nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremities treated at South Egypt Cancer Institute with a unified chemotherapy protocol between January 2001 and December 2015 was carried out. Prognostic factors were determined using univariable and multivariable methods. A model for surgical outcomes in these patients based on the baseline clinical factors, and the parameters predictive of their tumor response to chemotherapy, was developed. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 63 months for the study population, the estimates for event-free survival and overall survival (OS) at 3 and 5 years were 69.5% and 79% and 65.2% and 65.3%, respectively. Age 16 years or above was independently associated with both worse metastasis-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]=6.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43-25.6, P=0.015) and OS (HR=7.9, 95% CI: 1.71-36.2, P=0.008). In the multivariable analysis, a proximal location within the limb gained a statistical significance to be independently associated with worse OS (HR=2.4, 95% CI: 1.13-22.1, P=0.003). Poor response to chemotherapy was marginally associated with worse metastasis-free survival (HR=4.9, 95% CI: 1.02-23.8, P=0.047) only in the univariable analysis. The patients found to be more likely to undergo an amputation surgery (odds ratio=14.1, 95% CI: 1.34-149.4, P=0.028) were those in whom a tumor was poorly responding to chemotherapy. CONCLUSION In Upper Egypt, despite the reasonable survival outcomes in nonmetastatic osteosarcoma, a relatively high limb amputation rate has been encountered. The development of a clinical prediction model for future planning of possible outcome improvement in these patients, however, is still feasible.
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Liang GH, Liu N, He MT, Yang J, Liang ZJ, Gao XJ, Rahhal AH, He QY, Zhang HT, Zha ZG. Transcriptional regulation of Runx2 by HSP90 controls osteosarcoma apoptosis via the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:948-959. [PMID: 28681940 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Recently, aberrant expression of Runx2 has been found in OS, thereby contributing to the development, and progression of OS. However, the upstream signaling molecules that regulate its expression in OS remain largely unknown. In the present study, we first confirmed that the inhibition of HSP90 with 17-AAG caused significant apoptosis of OS cells via a caspase-3-dependent mechanism, and that inhibition or knockdown of HSP90 by 17-AAG or siRNAs significantly suppressed mRNA and protein expression of Runx2. Furthermore, we provided evidence that Runx2 was transcriptionally regulated by HSP90 when using MG132 and CHX chase assay. We also demonstrated that β-catenin was overexpressed in OS tissue, and that knockdown of β-catenin induced pronounced apoptosis of OS cells in the presence or absence of 17-AAG. Interestingly, this phenomenon was accompanied with a significant reduction of Runx2 and Cyclin D1 expression, indicating an essential role of Runx2/Cyclin D1 in 17-AAG-induced cells apoptosis. Moreover, we demonstrated that the apoptosis of OS cells induced by 17-AAG did require the involvement of the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway by using pharmacological inhibitor GSK-3β (LiCl) or siGSK-3β. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism that Runx2 is transcriptionally regulated by HSP90 via the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, and by which leads to apoptosis of OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hong Liang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ming-Tang He
- Longgang Orthopedics Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zu-Jian Liang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xue-Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ali Hasan Rahhal
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huan-Tian Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhen-Gang Zha
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Eleutério SJP, Senerchia AA, Almeida MT, Da Costa CM, Lustosa D, Calheiros LM, Barreto JHS, Brunetto AL, Macedo CRPD, Petrilli AS. Osteosarcoma in patients younger than 12 years old without metastases have similar prognosis as adolescent and young adults. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015; 62:1209-13. [PMID: 25755160 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer is relatively rare and tends to present specific age distribution, as a prognostic factor for some of these diseases. Information on how young age affects prognosis, response to chemotherapy, and local control options in children versus AYA with osteosarcoma (OST) is minimal. METHODS In order to identify the main differences in clinical pathologic features, surgical approaches and survival rates of primary high grade OST of the extremity between children (n = 156; <12 years old) and AYA (n = 397; 12-30 years old), the institutional database with 553 patients treated by BOTG studies over 15 years were reviewed. RESULTS There were no differences in metastases at diagnosis, tumor size, and grade of necrosis between the two age groups. The rate of amputation was 30% higher in the children group (P = 0.018). The rate of limb salvage surgery using reconstruction with allograft or autograft was 70% higher in the children group (P = 0.018) while endoprosthesis rate was 40% higher in the AYA group (P = 0.018). The log rank test revealed that survival is similar between the two age groups for non-metastatic patients (P = 0.424 for OS and P = 0.393 for EFS). Metastatic patients of both ages group had higher risk of dying compared to non-metastatic (HR 3.283 95% CI 2.581-4.177; P < 0.001). Children with metastases at diagnosis had less OS time (P = 0.049) and EFS time (P = 0.032) than adolescents. CONCLUSION Non-metastatic OST in preadolescent patients does not appear to be significantly different from those seen in AYA patients, but has local control challenges. Children presenting with metastases should be considered an ultra-high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Sergio Petrilli
- Institutode Oncologia Pediatrica/GRAACC-Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Collins M, Wilhelm M, Conyers R, Herschtal A, Whelan J, Bielack S, Kager L, Kühne T, Sydes M, Gelderblom H, Ferrari S, Picci P, Smeland S, Eriksson M, Petrilli AS, Bleyer A, Thomas DM. Benefits and Adverse Events in Younger Versus Older Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Osteosarcoma: Findings From a Meta-Analysis. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:2303-12. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.43.8598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The LIVESTRONG Young Adult Alliance has conducted a meta-analysis of individual patient data from prospective neoadjuvant chemotherapy osteosarcoma studies and registries to examine the relationships of sex, age, and toxicity on survival. Patients and Methods Suitable data sets were identified by a survey of published data reported in PubMed. The final pooled data set comprised 4,838 patients from five international cooperative groups. Results After accounting for important variables known at study entry such as tumor location and histology, females experienced higher overall survival rates than males (P = .005) and children fared better than adolescents and adults (P = .002). Multivariate landmark analysis following surgery indicated that a higher rate of chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis was associated with longer survival (P < .001), as was female sex (P = .004) and the incidence of grade 3 or 4 mucositis (P = .03). Age group was not statistically significant in this landmark analysis (P = .12). Females reported higher rates of grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia relative to males (P < .001). Children reported the highest rates of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (P < .001) and thrombocytopenia (P < .001). The achievement of good tumor necrosis was higher for females than for males (P = .002) and for children than for adults (P < .001). Conclusion These results suggest fundamental differences in the way chemotherapy is handled by females compared with males and by children compared with older populations. These differences may influence survival in a disease in which chemotherapy is critical to overall outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnie Collins
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Miriam Wilhelm
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Rachel Conyers
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Alan Herschtal
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Jeremy Whelan
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Stefan Bielack
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Leo Kager
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Thomas Kühne
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Matthew Sydes
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Piero Picci
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Sigbjørn Smeland
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Antonio Sérgio Petrilli
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - Archie Bleyer
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
| | - David M. Thomas
- Marnie Collins, Rachel Conyers, Alan Herschtal, and David M. Thomas, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Australasian Sarcoma Study Group, Melbourne, Australia; Jeremy Whelan, University College London Hospitals; Matthew Sydes, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom; Hans Gelderblom, European Osteosarcoma Intergroup and University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands; Miriam Wilhelm and Stefan Bielack, Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group and Klinikum Stuttgart,
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Guillon MAM, Mary PMJ, Brugière L, Marec-Bérard P, Pacquement HD, Schmitt C, Guinebretière JM, Tabone MDP. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma in young children: a retrospective series of 15 cases. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:407. [PMID: 21942935 PMCID: PMC3188515 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in childhood and adolescence. However, it is very rare in children under 5 years of age. Although studies in young children are limited in number, they all underline the high rate of amputation in this population, with conflicting results being recently reported regarding their prognosis. Methods To enhance knowledge on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of osteosarcoma in young children, we reviewed the medical records and histology of all children diagnosed with osteosarcoma before the age of five years and treated in SFCE (Société Française des Cancers et leucémies de l'Enfant) centers between 1980 and 2007. Results Fifteen patients from 7 centers were studied. Long bones were involved in 14 cases. Metastases were present at diagnosis in 40% of cases. The histologic type was osteoblastic in 74% of cases. Two patients had a relevant history. One child developed a second malignancy 13 years after osteosarcoma diagnosis. Thirteen children received preoperative chemotherapy including high-dose methotrexate, but only 36% had a good histologic response. Chemotherapy was well tolerated, apart from a case of severe late convulsive encephalopathy in a one-year-old infant. Limb salvage surgery was performed in six cases, with frequent mechanical and infectious complications and variable functional outcomes. Complete remission was obtained in 12 children, six of whom relapsed. With a median follow-up of 5 years, six patients were alive in remission, seven died of their disease (45%), in a broad range of 2 months to 8 years after diagnosis, two were lost to follow-up. Conclusions Osteosarcoma seems to be more aggressive in children under five years of age, and surgical management remains a challange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud A M Guillon
- 1Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Since osteosarcoma is extremely rare in children < or =5 years of age, we sought to investigate if tumor characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes differ compared to older patients. PROCEDURE Patients <20 years of age with high-grade osteosarcoma reported to national SEER database from 1973 to 2006 were separated into two groups based on age at diagnosis: < or =5 years (n = 49) and 6-19 years (n = 1,687). Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were compared using Fisher exact tests. Overall survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods and compared using log-rank tests and Cox models. RESULTS Patients < or =5 years had higher proportions of osteosarcoma arising from the upper limb compared to older patients (24.5% vs. 11.2%; P = 0.006). These very young patients had a significantly higher proportion of telangiectatic histology (10.2% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.017). Sex, metastatic status, race, or ethnicity did not differ by age. A higher proportion of very young patients was treated with amputation (55.2% vs. 27.3%; P = 0.002). Five-year overall survival was inferior for patients with localized osteosarcoma 5 years of age or younger compared to older children (51.9% vs. 67.3%; P = 0.03). After controlling for metastatic status, year of diagnosis, and tumor site, the hazard ratio for death in very young patients was 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.02-2.36; P = 0.04) compared to older patients. CONCLUSIONS Tumor characteristics, treatment, and outcomes differ among children < or =5 years of age compared to older pediatric patients. These differences may reflect differences in tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Worch
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Epidemiology/Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of osteosarcoma peaks in adolescence and is much lower in preadolescence. However, reports on its clinical features in preadolescent patients are conflicting. In this study, we attempted to assess the differences in clinical appearance and prognosis of the malignancy between preadolescent and adolescent patients. METHODS Between January 1980 and January 2006, 13 preadolescent and 58 adolescent patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were treated at our institute, and their medical records were reviewed and compared. RESULTS The sex distribution, primary metastasis rate, pathologic fracture, histologic type, primary tumor location, and percentage of high alkaline phosphatase level were not different between the 2 groups. Poor responders (tumor necrosis rate < 90%) were more common in the preadolescent group (80% vs. 43%, p = 0.035). Overall survival rates in the preadolescent and adolescent groups were 51.3% and 56.4%, respectively (p = 0.735). In patients without primary metastasis, the 5-year overall survival rates were 60.6% and 66.7% for 11 preadolescents and 39 adolescents, respectively (p = 0.925). CONCLUSION Considering the common findings in both groups, we suggest that preadolescent patients should be treated with the same regimen as that used for adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yun Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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