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Wang HF, Wang YY, Li ZY, He PJ, Liu S, Li QS. The prevalence and risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med 2024; 56:2332406. [PMID: 38547537 PMCID: PMC10984230 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2332406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most widespread and fatal pulmonary complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Existing knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is inconclusive. Therefore, we designed this review to address this gap. MATERIALS AND METHODS To find relevant observational studies discussing the prevalence and/or risk factors of RA-ILD, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were explored. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) / hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with a fixed/ random effects model. While subgroup analysis, meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis were carried out to determine the sources of heterogeneity, the I2 statistic was utilized to assess between-studies heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's test were employed to assess publication bias. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, our review was conducted. RESULTS A total of 56 studies with 11,851 RA-ILD patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of RA-ILD was 18.7% (95% CI 15.8-21.6) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 96.4%). The prevalence of RA-ILD was found to be more likely as a result of several identified factors, including male sex (ORs = 1.92 95% CI 1.70-2.16), older age (WMDs = 6.89, 95% CI 3.10-10.67), having a smoking history (ORs =1.91, 95% CI 1.48-2.47), pulmonary comorbidities predicted (HRs = 2.08, 95% CI 1.89-2.30), longer RA duration (ORs = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05), older age of RA onset (WMDs =4.46, 95% CI 0.63-8.29), positive RF (HRs = 1.15, 95%CI 0.75-1.77; ORs = 2.11, 95%CI 1.65-2.68), positive ACPA (ORs = 2.11, 95%CI 1.65-2.68), higher ESR (ORs = 1.008, 95%CI 1.002-1.014), moderate and high DAS28 (≥3.2) (ORs = 1.87, 95%CI 1.36-2.58), rheumatoid nodules (ORs = 1.87, 95% CI 1.18-2.98), LEF use (ORs = 1.42, 95%CI 1.08-1.87) and steroid use (HRs= 1.70, 1.13-2.55). The use of biological agents was a protective factor (HRs = 0.77, 95% CI 0.69-0.87). CONCLUSION(S) The pooled prevalence of RA-ILD in our study was approximately 18.7%. Furthermore, we identified 13 risk factors for RA-ILD, including male sex, older age, having a smoking history, pulmonary comorbidities, older age of RA onset, longer RA duration, positive RF, positive ACPA, higher ESR, moderate and high DAS28 (≥3.2), rheumatoid nodules, LEF use and steroid use. Additionally, biological agents use was a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fei Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)
| | - Pei-Jie He
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Center of Clinical Evaluation and Analysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)
| | - Qiu-Shuang Li
- Center of Clinical Evaluation and Analysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)
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Hyldgaard C, Harders S, Blegvad J, Herly M, Masic D, Sofíudóttir BK, Urbonaviciene G, Andersen FD, Isaksen C, Løgstrup B, Ellingsen T. Clinical and preclinical pulmonary disease in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis: a two-year follow-up study. Scand J Rheumatol 2023; 52:601-608. [PMID: 37066633 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2023.2194105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary disease is a major cause of excess mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a feared complication, but the benefit of screening is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of pulmonary disease, including ILD, in early RA. METHOD Patients with newly diagnosed RA were recruited prospectively at a single centre and underwent systematic pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and computed tomography (CT) scans at inclusion and after two years. RESULTS The study included 150 patients (mean age 57 years, 63% female; 59% current or former smokers). Of these, 136 underwent baseline PFTs and 137 CT. Mean forced expiratory volume in one second was 99% predicted and forced vital capacity 106%. Mean diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was 84% predicted. Frequently detected CT abnormalities were pulmonary nodules (42%), bronchiectasis (29%), and emphysema (20%). Two patients had clinically significant ILD and six had mild reticulation suggestive of preclinical ILD. No ILD progression was identified at two-year follow-up. Smoking was associated with DLCO<80% (p=0.004), combined hyperinflation and diffusion impairment (residual volume>120% and DLCO<80%) (p=0.004), and visual emphysema on CT (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Emphysema and bronchiectasis were common, but most patients had mild disease with preserved lung function. Preclinical or clinical ILD was seen in a minority in this early phase of RA. These findings suggest symptom-based screening and primary intervention focusing on smoking cessation rather than screening for ILD at the time of RA diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hyldgaard
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - S Harders
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - J Blegvad
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - M Herly
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - D Masic
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - B K Sofíudóttir
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - G Urbonaviciene
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - F D Andersen
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - C Isaksen
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - B Løgstrup
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Ellingsen
- Diagnostic Center, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, University Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Koduri GM, Podlasek A, Pattapola S, Zhang J, Laila D, Nandagudi A, Dubey S, Kelly C. Four-factor risk score for the prediction of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2023:10.1007/s00296-023-05313-6. [PMID: 37071179 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the commonest systemic complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and carries a significant morbidity and mortality burden. We aimed to identify key variables to risk-stratify RA patients in order to identify those at increased risk of developing ILD. We propose a probability score based on the identification of these variables. METHODS A retrospective, multicentre study using clinical data collected between 2010 and 2020, across 20 centres. RESULTS A total of 430 RA (210 with ILD confirmed on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)) patients were evaluated. We explored several independent variables for the risk of developing ILD in RA and found that the key significant variables were smoking (past or present), older age and positive rheumatoid factor/anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to form a scoring system for categorising patients into high and low risk on a scale of 0-9 points and a cut-off score of 5, based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76 (CI 95% 0.71-0.82). This yielded a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 58%. High-risk patients should be considered for investigation with HRCT and monitored closely. CONCLUSION We have proposed a new model for identifying RA patients at risk of developing ILD. This approach identified four simple clinical variables: age, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, Rheumatoid factor and smoking, which allowed development of a predictive scoring system for the presence of ILD in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouri Mani Koduri
- Rheumatology Department, Southend University Hospital, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff on Sea, Southend-on-Sea, UK.
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Tayside Innovation MedTech Ecosystem, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Shyanthi Pattapola
- Rheumatology Department, Southend University Hospital, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff on Sea, Southend-on-Sea, UK
| | - Jufen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Deena Laila
- Rheumatology Department, Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, Basildon, UK
| | - Anupama Nandagudi
- Rheumatology Department, Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital, Basildon, UK
| | - Shirish Dubey
- Department of Rheumatology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS FT, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7HE, UK
| | - Clive Kelly
- Rheumatology Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
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Marton N, Gyebnar J, Fritsch K, Majnik J, Nagy G, Simon J, Müller V, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Maurovich-Horvat P. Photon-counting computed tomography in the assessment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: an initial experience. Diagn Interv Radiol 2023; 29:291-299. [PMID: 36987949 PMCID: PMC10679703 DOI: 10.4274/dir.2023.221959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Interstitial lung disease (ILD) accounts for a significant proportion of mortality and morbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the performance of novel photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) in the detection of pulmonary parenchymal involvement. METHODS Sixty-one patients with RA without a previous definitive diagnosis of ILD underwent high-resolution (HR) (0.4 mm slice thickness) and ultra-high-resolution (UHR) (0.2 mm slice thickness) PCDCT examination. The extent of interstitial abnormalities [ground-glass opacity (GGO), reticulation, bronchiectasis, and honeycombing] were scored in each lobe using a Likert-type scale. Total ILD scores were calculated as the sum of scores from all lobes. RESULTS Reticulation and bronchiectasis scores were higher in the UHR measurements taken compared with the HR protocol [median (quartile 1, quartile 3): 2 (0, 3.5) vs. 0 (0, 3), P < 0.001 and 2 (0, 2) vs. 0 (0, 2), P < 0.001, respectively]; however, GGO and honeycombing scores did not differ [2 (2, 4) vs. 2 (2, 4), P = 0.944 and 0 (0, 0) vs. 0 (0, 0), P = 0.641, respectively]. Total ILD scores from both HR and UHR scans showed a mild negative correlation in diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (HR: r = -0.297, P = 0.034; UHR: r = -0.294, P = 0.036). The pattern of lung parenchymal involvement did not differ significantly between the two protocols. The HR protocol had significantly lower volume CT dose index [0.67 (0.69, 1.06) mGy], total dose length product [29 (24.48, 33.2) mGy*cm] compared with UHR scans [8.18 (6.80, 9.23) mGy, P < 0.001 and 250 (218, 305) mGy*cm, P < 0.001]. CONCLUSION UHR PCD-CT provides more detailed information on ILD in patients with RA than low-dose HR PCDCT. HR PCD-CT image acquisition with a low effective radiation dose may serve as a valuable, low-radiation screening tool in the selection of patients for further, higher-dose UHR PCD-CT screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Marton
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Gyebnar
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Fritsch
- Department of Rheumatology, Buda Hospital of the Hospitaller Order of Saint John of God, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Majnik
- Department of Rheumatology, Buda Hospital of the Hospitaller Order of Saint John of God, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Nagy
- Department of Rheumatology, Buda Hospital of the Hospitaller Order of Saint John of God, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Simon
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Müller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Domonkos Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncologic Imaging and Invasive Diagnostic Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Laszlo Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncologic Imaging and Invasive Diagnostic Radiology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pal Maurovich-Horvat
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Mena-Vázquez N, Rojas-Gimenez M, Romero-Barco CM, Gandía-Martínez M, Perez-Gómez N, Godoy-Navarrete FJ, Manrique-Arija S, Garcia-Studer A, Calvo-Gutiérrez J, Varela CF, Morales-Garrido P, Pérez PC, Mouriño-Rodriguez C, Añón-Oñate I, Espildora F, Aguilar-Hurtado MC, Redondo R, Conde AH, de Los Ríos RAD, César EC, Velloso-Feijoo ML, Fernández-Nebro A. Analysis of comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a nested case-cohort study. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114049. [PMID: 36459713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe comorbid conditions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) and to analyze factors associated with multimorbidity. METHODS Nested case-cohort study of 2 prospective cohorts: one with RA-ILD (cases) and another with RA but not ILD (controls). The cohorts were matched for age, sex, and time since diagnosis. Multimorbidity was defined as the co-occurrence of 2 or more chronic diseases, in addition to RA and ILD. We evaluated the comorbid conditions included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index, cardiovascular risk factors, neuropsychiatric conditions, and other frequent conditions in RA. We also recorded clinical-laboratory variables, inflammatory activity according to the 28-joint Disease Activity Score, C-reactive protein (CRP), physical function, and pulmonary function. We performed 2 multivariate analyses to identify factors associated with multimorbidity in RA and RA-ILD. RESULTS The final study population comprised 110 cases and 104 controls. Multimorbidity was more frequent among cases than controls (80 [72.7] vs 60 [57.7]; p = 0.021). In both groups, multimorbidity was associated with ILD (OR [95% CI] 1.92 [1.03-3.59]; p = 0.039), age (OR [95% CI] 1.05 [1.01-1.08]; p = 0.004), CRP (OR [95% CI] 1.16 [1.05-1.29]; p = 0.003), and erosions (OR [95% CI] 1.05 [1.01-1.08]; p = 0.004); in the cases, it was associated with CRP (OR [95% CI] 1.17 [1.01-1.35]; p = 0.027), anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (OR [95% CI] 1.23 [1.14-13.02]; p = 0.049), and forced vital capacity (OR [95% CI] 0.79 [0.96-0.99]; p = 0.036). CONCLUSION In patients with RA, multimorbidity was associated with ILD, systemic inflammation, and advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mena-Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Marta Rojas-Gimenez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen María Romero-Barco
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Nair Perez-Gómez
- UGC de Reumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, 36214 Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Sara Manrique-Arija
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Medicina. Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Aimara Garcia-Studer
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jerusalem Calvo-Gutiérrez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Clara Fuego Varela
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de Jerez, 11407 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pilar Morales-Garrido
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Francisco Espildora
- UGC de Neumología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Redondo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Hidalgo Conde
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Eva Cabrera César
- UGC Neumología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Fernández-Nebro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Medicina. Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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6
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Juge P, Granger B, Debray M, Ebstein E, Louis‐Sidney F, Kedra J, Doyle TJ, Borie R, Constantin A, Combe B, Flipo R, Mariette X, Vittecoq O, Saraux A, Carvajal‐Alegria G, Sibilia J, Berenbaum F, Kannengiesser C, Boileau C, Sparks JA, Crestani B, Fautrel B, Dieudé P. A Risk Score to Detect Subclinical Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1755-1765. [PMID: 35583934 PMCID: PMC9828082 DOI: 10.1002/art.42162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients at high risk of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) would benefit from being identified before the onset of respiratory symptoms; this can be done by screening patients with the use of chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Our objective was to develop and validate a risk score for patients who have subclinical RA-ILD. METHODS Our study included a discovery population and a replication population from 2 prospective RA cohorts (ESPOIR and TRANSLATE2, respectively) without pulmonary symptoms who had received chest HRCT scans. All patients were genotyped for MUC5B rs35705950. After multiple logistic regression, a risk score based on independent risk factors for subclinical RA-ILD was developed in the discovery population and tested for validation in the replication population. RESULTS The discovery population included 163 patients with RA, and the replication population included 89 patients with RA. The prevalence of subclinical RA-ILD was 19.0% and 16.9%, respectively. In the discovery population, independent risk factors for subclinical RA-ILD were presence of the MUC5B rs35705950 T allele (odds ratio [OR] 3.74 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.37, 10.39]), male sex (OR 3.93 [95% CI 1.40, 11.39]), older age at RA onset (for each year, OR 1.10 [95% CI 1.04, 1.16]), and increased mean Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (for each unit, OR 2.03 [95% CI 1.24, 3.42]). We developed and validated a derived risk score with receiver operating characteristic areas under the curve of 0.82 (95% CI 0.70-0.94) for the discovery population and 0.78 (95% CI 0.65-0.92) for the replication population. Excluding MUC5B rs35705950 from the model provided a lower goodness of fit (likelihood ratio test, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION We developed and validated a risk score that could help identify patients at high risk of subclinical RA-ILD. Our findings support an important contribution of MUC5B rs35705950 to subclinical RA-ILD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Antoine Juge
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1152, F‐75018, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, F‐75018ParisFrance
| | - Benjamin Granger
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique Département de Biostatistiques, INSERM UMR 1136, F‐75013, and Santé Publique et Information Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié‐SalpêtrièreAP‐HP, F‐5013ParisFrance
| | - Marie‐Pierre Debray
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1152, F‐75018, and Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, F‐75018ParisFrance
| | - Esther Ebstein
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, F‐75018ParisFrance
| | | | - Joanna Kedra
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique Département de Biostatistiques, INSERM UMR 1136, F‐75013, and Service de Rhumatologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié‐SalpêtrièreAP‐HP, F‐75013ParisFrance
| | - Tracy J. Doyle
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusetts
| | - Raphaël Borie
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1152, F‐75018, Service de Pneumologie A, Centre de compétences maladies pulmonaires rares, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, F‐75018ParisFrance
| | - Arnaud Constantin
- Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier, INSERM UMR 1043, F‐31024, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Purpan, F‐31024ToulouseFrance
| | - Bernard Combe
- Université de Montpellier and Departement de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Lapeyronie, F‐34000MontpellierFrance
| | - René‐Marc Flipo
- Université de Lille, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Salengro, F‐59000LilleFrance
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INSERM UMR 1184, CEA, F‐94270, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital BicêtreAP‐HP, F‐94270Le Kremlin BicêtreFrance
| | - Olivier Vittecoq
- Rouen University Hospital, Service de Rhumatologie, CIC‐CRB 1404, F‐76000, and Normandy University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, FR‐76000RouenFrance
| | - Alain Saraux
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, INSERM UMR 1227, F‐29200, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, F‐2900BrestFrance
| | - Guillermo Carvajal‐Alegria
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, INSERM UMR 1227, F‐29200, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, F‐2900BrestFrance
| | - Jean Sibilia
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR S1109, F‐67000, and Service de Rhumatologie, RESO: Centre de Reference des Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares Est Sud‐Ouest, Hôpital De Hautepierre, F‐67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne Université, CRSA, INSERM UMR 938, F‐75012, Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Saint‐AntoineAP‐HP, F‐75012ParisFrance
| | - Caroline Kannengiesser
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1152, F‐75018, Département de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, FR‐75018ParisFrance
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Département de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude Bernard, AP‐HP, FR‐75018, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1148, F‐75018ParisFrance
| | - Jeffrey A. Sparks
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1152, F‐75018, Service de Pneumologie A, Centre de compétences maladies pulmonaires rares, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, F‐75018ParisFrance
| | - Bruno Fautrel
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique Département de Biostatistiques, INSERM UMR 1136, F‐75013, and Service de Rhumatologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié‐SalpêtrièreAP‐HP, F‐75013ParisFrance
| | - Philippe Dieudé
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1152, F‐75018, and Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat‐Claude BernardAP‐HP, F‐75018ParisFrance
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7
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Martin LW, Prisco LC, Huang W, McDermott G, Shadick NA, Doyle TJ, Sparks JA. Prevalence and risk factors of bronchiectasis in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1067-1080. [PMID: 34450505 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis for the prevalence and risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis-related bronchiectasis (RA-BR). METHODS We queried PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify published literature related to prevalence and risk factors for RA-BR among patients with RA. Data extraction included study design, country, year, method of RA-BR detection, RA characteristics, numerator of RA-BR cases and denominator of patients with RA, and associations with RA-BR presence. We performed a meta-analysis using random or fixed effects models to estimate the prevalence of RA-BR among RA. RESULTS Out of a total of 253 studies, we identified 41 total studies that reported on prevalence (n = 34), risk factors (n = 5), or both (n = 2). The included studies had heterogeneous methods to identify RA-BR. Among the 36 studies reporting prevalence, 608 RA-BR cases were identified from a total of 8569 patients with RA. In the meta-analysis, the pooled overall prevalence of RA-BR among RA was 18.7% (95%CI 13.7-24.3%) using random effects and 3.8% (95%CI 3.3-4.2%) using fixed effects. Among studies that used high-resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT) imaging, the prevalence of RA-BR was 22.6% (95%CI 16.8-29.0%) using random effects. When only considering retrospective studies (n = 12), the pooled prevalence of RA-BR among RA was 15.5% (95%CI 7.5-25.5%); among prospective studies (n = 24), the pooled prevalence was 20.7% (95% CI 14.7-27.4%). Risk factors for RA-BR included older age, longer RA duration, genetics (CFTR and HLA), and undetectable circulating mannose binding lectin (MBL) as a biomarker. CONCLUSION In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the prevalence of RA-BR was nearly 20% among studies with HRCT imaging, suggesting that bronchiectasis may be a common extra-articular feature of RA. Relatively few factors have been associated with RA-BR. Future studies should standardize methods to identify RA-BR cases and investigate the natural history and clinical course given the relatively high prevalence among RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily W Martin
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6016U, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Lauren C Prisco
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6016U, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Weixing Huang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6016U, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Gregory McDermott
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6016U, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nancy A Shadick
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6016U, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tracy J Doyle
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6016U, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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8
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Mena-Vázquez N, Pérez Albaladejo L, Manrique-Arija S, Romero Barco CM, Gómez Cano C, Ureña Garnica I, Fernández-Nebro A. Analysis of clinical–analytical characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease: Case–control study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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9
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Mena-Vázquez N, Pérez Albaladejo L, Manrique-Arija S, Romero Barco CM, Gómez Cano C, Ureña Garnica I, Fernández-Nebro A. Analysis of Clinical-Analytical Characteristics in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Interstitial Lung Disease: Case-Control Study. REUMATOLOGIA CLINICA 2021; 17:197-202. [PMID: 31474500 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the differences between rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients and RA patients without ILD in severity markers and disease activity and to identify factors associated with the presence of ILD in RA patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients: RA-ILD patients selected from a multicentre cohort in Andalusia, Spain. CONTROLS RA-patients without ILD paired by sex, age and disease duration. PROTOCOL RA patients are reviewed every 3-6months in rheumatology consultation. All patients are reviewed according to a predetermined protocol with systematic data collection. OUTCOMES description of ILD type, differences in severity markers and disease activity in both groups. Other variables: ILD type by imaging technique (HRCT): nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)/usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Lung function by PTF. Activity and severity markers of arthritis by DAS28-ESR, HAQ, RF, ACPA and erosions. Treatment with DMARD. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS descriptive and paired T-test or Chi-square test followed by binary logistic regression (DV: ILD in patients with RA). RESULTS Eighty-two patients were included, 41 RA-ILD and 41 RA controls. RF and ACPA positivity, serositis and osteoporosis were more frequent in RA-ILD patients. No significant differences in DAS28 were observed (P=.145) between RA-ILD and RA control patients. RA-ILD patients presented worse HAQ scores (P=.006). All patients were treated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The risk of developing ILD in RA patients is tripled by a history of smoking or the presence of erosive arthritis (R2=.36). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study support the higher frequency of UIP and NSIP in RA patients. DLCO is the most sensitive parameter to detect ILD in RA patients. Our study showed that ILD in RA patients was associated with RA severity (presence of erosions and ACPA) and with a history of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mena-Vázquez
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | | | - Sara Manrique-Arija
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España.
| | | | | | - Inmaculada Ureña Garnica
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
| | - Antonio Fernández-Nebro
- UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, España
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10
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Clofent D, Álvarez A, Traversi L, Culebras M, Loor K, Polverino E. Comorbidities and mortality risk factors for patients with bronchiectasis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:623-634. [PMID: 33583300 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1886084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Comorbidities in patients with bronchiectasis are common and have a significant impact on clinical outcomes, contributing to lower quality of life, lung function, and exacerbation frequency. At least 13 comorbidities have been associated with a higher risk of mortality in bronchiectasis patients. Nonetheless, the kind of relationship between bronchiectasis and comorbidities is heterogeneous and poorly understood.Areas covered: different biological mechanisms leading to bronchiectasis could have a role in the development of the associated comorbidities. Some comorbidities could have a causal relationship with bronchiectasis, possibly through a variable degree of systemic inflammation, such as in rheumatic disorders and bowel inflammatory diseases. Other comorbidities, such as COPD or asthma, could be associated through airway inflammation and there is an uncertain cause-effect relationship. Finally, shared risk factors could link different comorbidities to bronchiectasis such as in the case of cardiovascular diseases, where the known link between chronic systemic inflammation and pulmonary infection could play a significant role.Expert opinion: Although different tools have been developed to assess the role of comorbidities in bronchiectasis , we believe that the implementation of current strategies to manage them is absolutely necessary and could significantly improve long-term prognosis in patients with bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Clofent
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) - Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH) Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Antonio Álvarez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) - Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH) Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Letizia Traversi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Diseases, Università dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Mario Culebras
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) - Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH) Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Karina Loor
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) - Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH) Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Eva Polverino
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) - Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH) Passeig Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Diseases, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
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11
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Wiater R, Håkansson KEJ, Ulrik CS. A causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and bronchiectasis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chron Respir Dis 2021; 18:1479973121994565. [PMID: 33590765 PMCID: PMC7894591 DOI: 10.1177/1479973121994565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease primarily affecting joints but often also associated with lung involvement such as bronchiectasis (BE). The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide an update on the current evidence regarding the prevalence and association between RA and BE. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines with literature search using the terms ‘Bronchiectasis AND Rheumatoid Arthritis’ without a date limitation on PubMed during May 2020. A total of 28 studies fulfilled the predefined criteria and were included in the present review, with 19 being cross-sectional studies. Twenty-three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate was 2.69% (95% CI 1.63–4.42) in clinically defined BE, and 24.9% (95% CI 19.21–31.67) in radiologic disease. Many inconsistencies exist regarding potential risk factors for BE in RA patients such as gender, RA duration and severity, as both negative and positive associations have been reported. Although very little is known about possible causative mechanisms between RA and BE, potential pathways might be antigenic stimulation from pulmonary mucus and/or systemic inflammation from joint disease affecting the lungs. At present, the available evidence of bronchiectasis in patients with RA is insufficient to identify RA-associated risk factors for the development of BE, possibly apart from duration of RA, and, consequently, also to fully explore a possible causal relationship between the two disease. However, the increased prevalence of BE in RA patients warrants further studies to explore the association between RA and BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Wiater
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Charlotte Suppli Ulrik
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Robles-Pérez A, Luburich P, Bolivar S, Dorca J, Nolla JM, Molina-Molina M, Narváez J. A prospective study of lung disease in a cohort of early rheumatoid arthritis patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15640. [PMID: 32973236 PMCID: PMC7515904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung disease is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The onset of lung involvement in RA is not well known. The objective is to describe the features and evolution of lung involvement in early RA, its relationship with disease activity parameters, smoking and treatments. Consecutive patients with early RA without respiratory symptoms were included and tracked for 5 years. Lung assessment included clinical, radiological and pulmonary function tests at diagnosis and during follow-up. Peripheral blood parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated peptide autoantibodies) and scales of articular involvement, such as DAS28-CRP, were evaluated. 40 patients were included and 32 completed the 5-year follow up. 13 patients presented lung involvement in the initial 5 years after RA diagnosis, 3 of them interstitial lung disease. Significant decrease of diffusion lung transfer capacity of carbon monoxide over time was observed in six patients, 2 of them developed interstitial lung disease. DLCO decrease was correlated with higher values of CRP and ESR at diagnosis. Methotrexate was not associated with DLCO deterioration or lung disease development. Subclinical progressive lung disease correlates with RA activity parameters. Smoking status and methotrexate were not associated with development or progression of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Robles-Pérez
- ILD Unit, Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga S/N, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Luburich
- Servei de Diagnòstic Per La Imatge El Prat (SDPI El Prat), Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Bolivar
- Servei de Diagnòstic Per La Imatge El Prat (SDPI El Prat), Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Dorca
- ILD Unit, Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga S/N, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Nolla
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Molina-Molina
- ILD Unit, Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga S/N, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Narváez
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Dai Y, Wang W, Yu Y, Hu S. Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: an overview of epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:1211-1220. [PMID: 32794076 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05320-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) accounts for the major cause of morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, little is known of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of RA-associated ILD. In this review, we describe our present understanding and ongoing research in RA-ILD. Its aetiology does appear to associate with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, MUC5B mutation and smoking. Another focus of this article is on recent diagnostic methods in RA-ILD. Compared with other methods, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging is a main method for the evaluation of ILD in RA patients. Pulmonary function is better suited for assessing progression. An important topic relates to therapeutic intervention. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in RA lack strong evidence in the onset or worsening of ILD. The available literature support that methotrexate, leflunomide, abatacept and rituximab play beneficial roles in the prevention and treatment of RA-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 JieFang Road, Wuhan, HuBei, China.,Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weina Wang
- Department of Respiration, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yikai Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 JieFang Road, Wuhan, HuBei, China.
| | - Shaoxian Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 JieFang Road, Wuhan, HuBei, China.
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14
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Shteinberg M, Flume PA, Chalmers JD. Is bronchiectasis really a disease? Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/155/190051. [PMID: 31996354 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0051-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The definition of a disease requires that distinguishing signs and symptoms are present that are common, and that the constellation of signs and symptoms differentiate the condition from other causes. In bronchiectasis, anatomical changes, airways inflammation and airway infection are the distinguishing features that are common to this disease. However, bronchiectasis is a heterogenous disease: signs and symptoms are shared with other airway diseases, there are multiple aetiologies and certain phenotypes of bronchiectasis have distinct clinical and laboratory features that are not common to all people with bronchiectasis. Furthermore, response to therapeutic interventions in clinical trials is not uniform. The concept of bronchiectasis as a treatable trait has been suggested, but this may be too restrictive in view of the heterogeneity of bronchiectasis. It is our opinion that bronchiectasis should be defined as a disease in its own right, but one that shares several pathophysiological features and "treatable traits" with other airway diseases. These traits define the large heterogeneity in the pathogenesis and clinical features and suggest a more targeted approach to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Shteinberg
- Pulmonology Institute and CF Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel .,Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Patrick A Flume
- Dept of Medicine and Dept of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - James D Chalmers
- Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
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15
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Antin-Ozerkis D, Hinchcliff M. Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Evaluation and Management. Clin Chest Med 2020; 40:617-636. [PMID: 31376896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease is common among patients with connective tissue disease and is an important contributor to morbidity and mortality. Infection and drug toxicity must always be excluded as the cause of radiographic findings. Immunosuppression remains a mainstay of therapy despite few controlled trials supporting its use. When a decision regarding therapy initiation is made, considerations include an assessment of disease severity as well as a determination of the rate of progression. Because patients may have extrathoracic disease activity, a multidisciplinary approach is crucial and should include supportive and nonpharmacologic management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Antin-Ozerkis
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208057, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA.
| | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208031, New Haven, CT 06520-8031, USA
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16
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Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Remains a Challenge for Clinicians. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122038. [PMID: 31766446 PMCID: PMC6947091 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) contributing to significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Other respiratory complications, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis, are frequent in RA. Infections and drug toxicity are important differential diagnoses and should be considered in the diagnostic work-up of patients with RA presenting with respiratory symptoms. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of RA-ILD, the radiological and histopathological characteristics of the disease as well as the current and future treatment options. Currently, there is no available evidence-based therapy for RA-ILD, and immunosuppressants are the mainstay of therapy. Ongoing studies are exploring the role of antifibrotic therapy in patients with progressive fibrotic ILD, which may lead to a new treatment approach for subgroups of patients with RA-ILD.
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17
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Huang S, He X, Doyle TJ, Zaccardelli A, Marshall AA, Friedlander HM, Blaustein RB, Smith EA, Cui J, Iannaccone CK, Mahmoud TG, Weinblatt ME, Dellaripa PF, Shadick NA, Sparks JA. Association of rheumatoid arthritis-related autoantibodies with pulmonary function test abnormalities in a rheumatoid arthritis registry. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:3401-3412. [PMID: 31410660 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated whether rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoantibodies were associated with abnormalities on pulmonary function tests (PFTs). METHODS We studied RA serostatus and PFT abnormalities within a RA registry. RA serostatus was assessed by research assays for cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF). Outcomes were abnormalities on clinically indicated PFTs, including restriction, obstruction, and diffusion abnormality. Logistic regression was used to obtain ORs and 95% CIs for the PFT abnormalities by RA serologic phenotypes independent of lifestyle and RA characteristics. RESULTS Among 1272 analyzed subjects, mean age was 56.3 years (SD 14.1), 82.2% were female, and 69.5% were seropositive. There were 100 subjects with abnormal PFTs. Compared with seronegativity, seropositivity was associated with increased odds of any PFT abnormality (multivariable OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.30-4.03). When analyzing type of PFT abnormality, seropositivity was also associated with restriction, obstruction, and diffusion abnormalities; multivariable ORs were 2.48 (95% CI 1.26-4.87), 3.12 (95% CI 1.28-7.61), and 2.30 (95% CI 1.09-4.83), respectively. When analyzing by CCP and RF status, the associations were stronger for RF+ than for CCP+ (any PFT abnormality OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.21-3.27 for RF+ vs. RF-; OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.03-2.69 for CCP+ vs. CCP-) with a dose effect of higher RF titer increasing odds for each PFT abnormality (p for trend < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Seropositive RA patients had two-fold increased risk for abnormalities on PFTs performed for clinical indications compared with seronegative RA. Patients with seropositive RA, particularly those with high-titer RF positivity, may be more likely to have obstructive and restrictive abnormalities, independent of smoking.Key points• Due to the known excess pulmonary morbidity/mortality in RA, we studied the relationship of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoantibodies with pulmonary function test (PFT) abnormalities using a large RA registry.• We evaluated whether presence and levels of cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) were associated with restriction, obstruction, and diffusion abnormalities on PFTs among 1272 subjects with RA.• Seropositivity was associated with two-fold increased risk for any PFT abnormality, independent of confounders including smoking. Higher titers of RF conferred greatest risk for all PFT outcomes: obstruction, restriction, and diffusion abnormality.• These results provide evidence that patients with RA should be closely monitored for pulmonary involvement, particularly those with high-titer RF seropositivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Huang
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Xintong He
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tracy J Doyle
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alessandra Zaccardelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Allison A Marshall
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Tufts School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - H Maura Friedlander
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachel B Blaustein
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Smith
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christine K Iannaccone
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Taysir G Mahmoud
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael E Weinblatt
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paul F Dellaripa
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nancy A Shadick
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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18
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Dong H, Julien PJ, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Weisman MH. Interstitial lung abnormalities in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study evaluating prevalence and progression. Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 6:193-198. [PMID: 31657702 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2019.19044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigated the prevalence and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) in a prospective cohort study of 18 subjects with early RA. METHODS Eighteen adults diagnosed with anti-citrullinated protein-antibody-positive RA within the prior year underwent baseline high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), symptom assessment, and pulmonary function and laboratory testing. The follow-up HRCT and clinical assessment were completed after 1 year. RESULTS Seven of the 18 patients (39%) had baseline HRCT abnormalities including septal thickening, honeycombing, ground glass opacities, and/or traction bronchiectasis. At follow-up, 6 out of the 7 subjects (86%) with ILAs at baseline exhibited progression, while 10 out of 11 (91%) without ILAs at baseline remained stable. A higher Clinical Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Questionnaire score was associated with both the presence and progression of HRCT abnormalities (10 vs 2, p=0.045; 10 vs 2, p=0.009, respectively). C-reactive protein (CRP) trended higher in patients with radiologic abnormalities (3.5 mg/L vs 1.1 mg/L, p=0.08) and was significantly higher in those with progression (3.5 mg/L vs 1 mg/L, p=0.024). Smoking, pulmonary function, and autoantibodies were not associated with HRCT abnormalities. CONCLUSION ILAs are prevalent in patients with early RA. If identified at baseline, radiographic progression of ILAs after 1 year is likely, while those without ILAs at baseline are unlikely to develop new ILAs. In addition, early respiratory symptoms and higher CRP levels may correlate with the presence and progression of underlying ILAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Dong
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Hyldgaard C, Bendstrup E, Pedersen AB, Ulrichsen SP, Løkke A, Hilberg O, Ellingsen T. Increased mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and COPD: A population-based study. Respir Med 2018; 140:101-107. [PMID: 29957269 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Only few studies have addressed the prognostic impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), although both diseases are frequent and smoking is a shared risk factor. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the burden of COPD among RA patients and the subsequent mortality. METHODS We included patients who had a first-time diagnosis of RA in the Danish National Patient Registry between 2004 and 2016. RA patients with COPD were identified and matched with RA patients without COPD for year of birth, gender, and age at RA diagnosis. Mortality risks were assessed using Kaplan-Meier mortality curves. Adjusted hazard rate ratios (aHRRs) for death were estimated using Cox regression models. RESULTS The study population included 31,333 individuals with RA. 3254 of those (10.4%) had a diagnosis of COPD and were matched to 9706 RA patients without COPD. The mortality risks in RA patients with COPD and RA patients without COPD were 4.5% and 1.5% within 2-6 months (aHRR = 3.0, CI 2.3-3.9), and 59.3% and 39.8% within 0.5-10 years (aHRR = 2.1, CI 1.9-2.1). CONCLUSION Mortality was significantly increased among RA patients with COPD. The relative mortality risk remained significantly increased throughout the course of follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anders Løkke
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ole Hilberg
- Department of Medicine, Vejle Hospital, Denmark
| | - Torkell Ellingsen
- Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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20
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Thornadtsson A, Lind A, Weitoft T, Högman M. Altered levels of exhaled nitric oxide in rheumatoid arthritis. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:1-5. [PMID: 29486306 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by bone and joint destruction, but other organ systems can also be involved. Recent studies have suggested that the disease may start in the lungs. Exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a marker of inflammation. The aims of the study were to compare the NO parameters between subjects with RA and healthy control subjects, and to examine whether the NO parameters correlated with lung function and disease activity in the subjects with RA. METHODS Subjects with RA (n = 35) were recruited during their regular outpatient visits to the rheumatology department. The nitric oxide (NO) parameters: alveolar NO concentration (CANO), airway compartment diffusing capacity of NO (DawNO), and tissue concentration of NO in the airway wall (CawNO), were algorithmically estimated. Healthy subjects (n = 35) matched by age, gender and height were used as controls. Data are given in median, (quartile 25, 75). Wilcoxon Matched Pairs test was used for group comparisons. Mann-Whitney U test was used to make comparisons between any two groups and for pairwise comparisons. Correlations were tested with Spearman rank order correlation. RESULTS CANO was significantly lower in the RA subjects compared with healthy subjects; 1.1 (0.5, 1.8) ppb versus 2.4 (2.0, 3.0) ppb, (p < 0.001). CawNO was significantly lower in the RA subjects with 51 (22, 87) ppb versus 120 (76, 162) ppb in the control group. DawNO was significantly higher at 25 (15, 36) mL/s in the RA group versus the control group's 7.7 (5.3, 10.7) mL/s. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences between subjects with RA and matched healthy control subjects regarding the exhaled NO parameters. It is unclear if this can be explained by the pathogenesis of RA, consequences of long-term disease, and/or due to drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Thornadtsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Section of Rheumatology, Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Sweden.
| | - Anders Lind
- Section of Rheumatology, Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Sweden
| | - Tomas Weitoft
- Section of Rheumatology, Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Sweden
| | - Marieann Högman
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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21
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Joshua V, Chatzidionisyou K, Catrina AI. Role of the lung in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2017; 31:31-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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