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Zheng R, Xu Q, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Zhu R. Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides attenuate diabetic nephropathy via the miR-30a-3p/TRIM16 axis. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:300-314. [PMID: 38149724 PMCID: PMC10906025 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The molecular mechanism of the protective effect of Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides (CCPs) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is still unclear. This study aims to further understand the molecular mechanisms behind the therapeutic benefits of CCP on diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Mice were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 8). Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharide dissolved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide was administered by gavage for 12 consecutive weeks. The CCP doses were divided into low, medium, and high, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day, respectively. The efficacy of CCP was determined by assessing the renal function and histological alterations in diabetic db/db mice. The degree of glomerular mesangial dilatation and sclerosis was evaluated using semiquantitative markers. Cell viability, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in high glucose (HG)-cultured MPC5 podocytes were determined. The interaction of miR-30a-3p and tripartite motif-containing protein 16 (TRIM16) was examined by luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence were used to analyze gene and protein expressions. RESULTS The in vivo findings illustrated that CCP may protect mice with type 2 diabetes from inflammation and oxidative damage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, CCP has a therapeutic value in protecting renal function and morphology in diabetic nephropathy by reversing podocyte EMT. The in vitro results indicated that CCP dose-dependently inhibited HG-induced apoptosis, EMT, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial ROS levels in MPC5 podocytes (P < 0.05). Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the interaction between miR-30a-3p and TRIM16 in MPC5 podocytes cultured in high glucose (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The protective effect of CCP on HG-induced MPC5 can be achieved by miR-30a-3p/TRIM16 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yifei Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
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Tsai SY, Nasemann J, Qiu N, Töllner T, Müller HJ, Shi Z. Little engagement of attention by salient distractors defined in a different dimension or modality to the visual search target. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14375. [PMID: 37417320 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Singleton distractors may inadvertently capture attention, interfering with the task at hand. The underlying neural mechanisms of how we prevent or handle distractor interference remain elusive. Here, we varied the type of salient distractor introduced in a visual search task: the distractor could be defined in the same (shape) dimension as the target, a different (color) dimension, or a different (tactile) modality (intra-dimensional, cross-dimensional, and, respectively, cross-modal distractor, all matched for physical salience); and besides behavioral interference, we measured lateralized electrophysiological indicators of attentional selectivity (the N2pc, Ppc, PD , CCN/CCP, CDA, and cCDA). The results revealed the intra-dimensional distractor to produce the strongest reaction-time interference, associated with the smallest target-elicited N2pc. In contrast, the cross-dimensional and cross-modal distractors did not engender any significant interference, and the target-elicited N2pc was comparable to the condition in which the search display contained only the target singleton, thus ruling out early attentional capture. Moreover, the cross-modal distractor elicited a significant early CCN/CCP, but did not influence the target-elicited N2pc, suggesting that the tactile distractor is registered by the somatosensory system (rather than being proactively suppressed), without, however, engaging attention. Together, our findings indicate that, in contrast to distractors defined in the same dimension as the target, distractors singled out in a different dimension or modality can be effectively prevented to engage attention, consistent with dimension- or modality-weighting accounts of attentional priority computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yang Tsai
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
- Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Nasemann
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
- Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nan Qiu
- Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Töllner
- Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hermann J Müller
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
- Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhuanghua Shi
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
- Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Department Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Kandula UR, Tuji TS, Gudeta DB, Bulbula KL, Mohammad AA, Wari KD, Abbas A. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma ( CCP) During the Pandemic Era: A Literature Review. J Blood Med 2023; 14:159-187. [PMID: 36855559 PMCID: PMC9968437 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s397722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide pandemic with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). As November 2, 2022, World Health Organization (WHO) received 628,035,553 reported incidents on COVID-19, with 6,572,800 mortalities and, with a total 12,850,970,971 vaccine doses have been delivered as of October 31, 2022. The infection can cause mild or self-limiting symptoms of pulmonary and severe infections or death may be caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Simultaneously, antivirals, corticosteroids, immunological treatments, antibiotics, and anticoagulants have been proposed as potential medicines to cure COVID-19 affected patients. Among these initial treatments, COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP), which was retrieved from COVID-19 recovered patients to be used as passive immune therapy, in which antibodies from cured patients were given to infected patients to prevent illness. Such treatment has yielded the best results in earlier with preventative or early stages of illness. Convalescent plasma (CP) is the first treatment available when infectious disease initially appears, although few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to evaluate its effectiveness. The historical record suggests with potential benefit for other respiratory infections, as coronaviruses like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-I (SARS-CoV-I) and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), though the analysis of such research is constrained by some non-randomized experiments (NREs). Rigorous studies on CP are made more demanding by the following with the immediacy of the epidemics, CP use may restrict the ability to utilize it for clinical testing, non-homogenous nature of product, highly decentralized manufacturing process; constraints with capacity to measure biologic function, ultimate availability of substitute therapies, as antivirals, purified immune globulins, or monoclonal antibodies. Though, it is still not clear how effectively CCP works among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The current review tries to focus on its efficiency and usage in clinical scenarios and identifying existing benefits of implementation during pandemic or how it may assist with future pandemic preventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Rani Kandula
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | - Techane Sisay Tuji
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | | | - Kassech Leta Bulbula
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ketema Diriba Wari
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmad Abbas
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
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Ipe TS, Ugwumba B, Spencer HJ, Le T, Ridenour T, Armitage J, Ryan S, Pearson S, Kothari A, Patil N, Dare R, Crescencio JCR, Venkata A, Laudadio J, Mohammad K, Jamal N, Thompson J, McNew H, Gibbs M, Hennigan S, Kellar S, Reitzel K, Walser BE, Novak A, Quinn B. Treatment of COVID-19 Patients with Two Units of Convalescent Plasma in a Resource-Constrained State. Lab Med 2022; 53:623-628. [PMID: 35771890 PMCID: PMC9278218 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Many therapies are used to treat COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, including convalescent plasma. The clinical utility of using 2 units of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 hospitalized patients is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE Many therapies are used to treat COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, including convalescent plasma. The clinical utility of using 2 units of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 hospitalized patients is not fully understood. Our study aims to determine the safety and efficacy of treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients with 2 units of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP). METHOD This was a retrospective study of Arkansas patients treated with CCP using the (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) emergency Investigational New Drug (eIND) mechanism from April 9, 2020, through August 9, 2020. It was a multicenter, statewide study in a low-resource setting, which are areas that lack funding for health care cost coverage on various levels including individual, family, or social. Adult patients (n = 165, volunteer sample) in Arkansas who were hospitalized with severe or life-threatening acute COVID-19 disease as defined by the FDA criteria were transfused with 2 units of CCP (250 mL/unit) using the FDA eIND mechanism. The primary outcome was 7- and 30-day mortality after the second unit of CCP. RESULTS Unadjusted mortality was 12.1% at 7 days and 23.0% at 30 days. The unadjusted mortality was reduced to 7.7% if the first CCP unit was transfused on the date of diagnosis, 8.7% if transfused within 3 days of diagnosis, and 32.0% if transfused at or after 4 or more days of diagnosis. The risk of death was higher in patients that received low, negative, or missing titer CCP units in comparison to those that received higher titer units. CONCLUSION The provision of 2 units of CCP was associated with a reduction in mortality in patients treated with high titer units within 3 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. Given the results, CCP is a viable, low-cost therapy in resource-constrained states and countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina S Ipe
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
| | - Blessing Ugwumba
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Horace J Spencer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Tuan Le
- Oklahoma/Texas/and Arkansas Blood Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Terry Ridenour
- Oklahoma/Texas/and Arkansas Blood Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - John Armitage
- Oklahoma/Texas/and Arkansas Blood Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | | | - Atul Kothari
- Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Naveen Patil
- Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ryan Dare
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Juan C R Crescencio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Anand Venkata
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jennifer Laudadio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Khalid Mohammad
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jefferson Regional Medical Center, Pine Bluff, AR, USA
| | - Naznin Jamal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jefferson Regional Medical Center, Pine Bluff, AR, USA
| | - John Thompson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St Bernards Healthcare, Jonesboro, AR, USA
| | - Hailey McNew
- Research Center, St Bernards Healthcare, Jonesboro, AR, USA
| | - McKenzie Gibbs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Northwest Medical Center, Springdale, AR, USA
| | - Steve Hennigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington Regional Medical Center, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Stan Kellar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Baptist Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Brandon E Walser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Baptist Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Amanda Novak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Baptist Health, North Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Brian Quinn
- Department of Pathology, Baptist Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
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González-Calvo I, Cizeron M, Bessereau JL, Selimi F. Synapse Formation and Function Across Species: Ancient Roles for CCP, CUB, and TSP-1 Structural Domains. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:866444. [PMID: 35546877 PMCID: PMC9083331 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.866444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of synapses was a crucial step in the creation of the variety of nervous systems that are found in the animal kingdom. With increased complexity of the organisms came a greater number of synaptic proteins. In this review we describe synaptic proteins that contain the structural domains CUB, CCP, or TSP-1. These domains are found in invertebrates and vertebrates, and CUB and CCP domains were initially described in proteins belonging to the complement system of innate immunity. Interestingly, they are found in synapses of the nematode C. elegans, which does not have a complement system, suggesting an ancient function. Comparison of the roles of CUB-, CCP-, and TSP-1 containing synaptic proteins in various species shows that in more complex nervous systems, these structural domains are combined with other domains and that there is partial conservation of their function. These three domains are thus basic building blocks of the synaptic architecture. Further studies of structural domains characteristic of synaptic proteins in invertebrates such as C. elegans and comparison of their role in mammals will help identify other conserved synaptic molecular building blocks. Furthermore, this type of functional comparison across species will also identify structural domains added during evolution in correlation with increased complexity, shedding light on mechanisms underlying cognition and brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés González-Calvo
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Mélissa Cizeron
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5284, INSERM U-1314, MeLiS, Institut NeuroMyoGène, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bessereau
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5284, INSERM U-1314, MeLiS, Institut NeuroMyoGène, Lyon, France
| | - Fekrije Selimi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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Wouters E, Verbrugghe C, Devloo R, Debruyne I, De Clippel D, Van Heddegem L, Van Asch K, Van Gaver V, Vanbrabant M, Muylaert A, Compernolle V, Feys HB. A novel competition ELISA for the rapid quantification of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in convalescent plasma. Transfusion 2021; 61:2981-2990. [PMID: 34498761 PMCID: PMC8662007 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) ideally contains high titers of (neutralizing) anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies. Several scalable immunoassays for CCP selection have been developed. We designed an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that measures neutralizing antibodies (of all isotypes) in plasma by determining the level of competition between CCP and a mouse neutralizing antibody for binding to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2. Methods Plasma was collected from 72 convalescent individuals and inhibition of viral infection was determined by plaque reduction neutralization (PRNT50). The level of neutralizing antibodies was measured in the novel competition ELISA and in a commercially available ELISA that measures inhibition of recombinant ACE2 binding to immobilized RBD. These results were compared with a high throughput chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Results The results from both ELISAs were correlating, in particular for high titer CCP (PRNT50 ≥ 1:160) (Spearman r = .73, p < .001). Moderate correlation was found between the competition ELISA and CMIA (r = .57 for high titer and r = .62 for low titer CCP, p < .001). Receiver operator characteristic analysis showed that the competition ELISA selected CCP with a sensitivity and specificity of 61% and 100%, respectively. However, discrimination between low and high titer CCP had a lower resolution (sensitivity: 34% and specificity: 89%). Conclusion The competition ELISA screens for neutralizing antibodies in CCP by competition for just a single epitope. It exerts a sensitivity of 61% with no false identifications. These ELISA designs can be used for epitope mapping or for selection of CCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Wouters
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caro Verbrugghe
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rosalie Devloo
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Kristin Van Asch
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | | | - Miek Vanbrabant
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - An Muylaert
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Veerle Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Hendrik B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Cho JH, Rajbhandary S, van Buren NL, Fung MK, Al-Ghafry M, Fridey JL, Dy BA, Ziman A, Schreiber GB, Gammon RR, Reik R, Stubbs JR, van Buskirk CM, Kamel H, Townsend MJ, Zeller MP, Gottschall JL. The safety of COVID-19 convalescent plasma donation: A multi-institutional donor hemovigilance study. Transfusion 2021; 61:2668-2676. [PMID: 34227689 PMCID: PMC8447310 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the safety and therapeutic efficacy of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) has been extensively evaluated, the safety of CCP donation has not been explored in a multi-institutional context. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Nine blood collection organizations (BCOs) participated in a multi-institutional donor hemovigilance effort to assess the safety of CCP donation. Donor adverse events (DAEs) were defined according to the Standard for Surveillance of Complications Related to Blood Donation, and severity was assessed using the severity grading tool. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine attributes associated with DAE severity. RESULTS The overall DAE rate was 37.7 per 1000 donations. Repeat apheresis and apheresis-naïve donors experienced adverse event rates of 19.9 and 49.8 per 1000 donations, respectively. Female donors contributed 51.9% of CCP donations with a DAE rate of 49.4 per 1000 donations. The DAE rate for male donors was 27.4 per 1000 donations. Vasovagal reactions accounted for over half of all reported DAEs (51.1%). After adjustment, volume of CCP donated was associated with vasovagal reaction severity (odds ratio [OR] 6.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-17.1). Donor age and donation history were also associated with DAE severity. Considerable differences in DAE types and rates were observed across the participating BCOs despite the use of standardized hemovigilance definitions. CONCLUSION The safety of CCP donation appears comparable to that of conventional apheresis plasma donation with similar associated risk factors for DAE types and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Cho
- Medical Sciences Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Nancy L van Buren
- Innovative Blood Resources, Division of New York Blood Center, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mark K Fung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont Health Network, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | | | - Joy L Fridey
- American Red Cross Blood Services, Southern California Region, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Beth A Dy
- American Red Cross Biomedical Services, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Alyssa Ziman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Richard R Gammon
- Scientific, Medical, Technical Direction, OneBlood, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Rita Reik
- Scientific, Medical, Technical Direction, OneBlood, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - James R Stubbs
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Camille M van Buskirk
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Marwah V, Choudhary R, Peter D, Bhati G. Pulmonary thromboembolism post-COVID convalescent plasma therapy: adding fuel to a smoldering fire! Adv Respir Med 2021; 89:347-349. [PMID: 33881163 DOI: 10.5603/arm.a2021.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Marwah
- Army Institute of Cardiothoracic Science, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Robin Choudhary
- Army Institute of Cardiothoracic Science, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.
| | - Deepu Peter
- Army Institute of Cardiothoracic Science, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Gaurav Bhati
- Army Institute of Cardiothoracic Science, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
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Goodhue Meyer E, Simmons G, Grebe E, Gannett M, Franz S, Darst O, Di Germanio C, Stone M, Contestable P, Prichard A, Reik R, Vassallo R, Young P, Busch MP, Williamson P, Dumont LJ. Selecting COVID-19 convalescent plasma for neutralizing antibody potency using a high-capacity SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay. Transfusion 2021; 61:1160-1170. [PMID: 33554362 PMCID: PMC8013397 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacy of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is hypothesized to be associated with the concentration of neutralizing antibodies (nAb) to SARS-CoV-2. High capacity serologic assays detecting binding antibodies (bAb) have been developed; nAb assays are not adaptable to high-throughput testing. We sought to determine the effectiveness of using surrogate bAb signal-to-cutoff ratios (S/Co) in predicting nAb titers using a pseudovirus reporter viral particle neutralization (RVPN) assay. METHODS CCP donor serum collected by three US blood collectors was tested with a bAb assay (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total, CoV2T) and a nAb RVPN assay. Prediction effectiveness of various CoV2T S/Co criteria was evaluated for RVPN nAb NT50 titers using receiver operating characteristics. RESULTS Seven hundred and fifty-three CCPs were tested with median CoV2T S/Co and NT50 of 71.2 of 527.5. Proportions of donors with NT50 over target nAb titers were 86% ≥1:80, 76% ≥1:160, and 62% ≥1:320. Increasing CoV2T S/Co criterion reduced the sensitivity to predict NT50 titers, while specificity to identify those below increased. As target NT50 titers increase, the CoV2T assay becomes less accurate as a predictor with a decline in positive predictive value and rise in negative predictive value. CONCLUSION Selection of a clinically effective nAb titer will impact availability of CCP. Product release with CoV2T assay S/Co criterion must balance the risk of releasing products below target nAb titers with the cost of false negatives. A two-step testing scheme may be optimal, with nAb testing on CoV2T samples with S/Cos below criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Goodhue Meyer
- Medical Office, Biomedical Services, American Red CrossWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
- Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | | | - Eduard Grebe
- Vitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Sergej Franz
- Vitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Orsolya Darst
- Vitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Mars Stone
- Vitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Ralph Vassallo
- VitalantScottsdaleArizonaUSA
- University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Pampee Young
- Medical Office, Biomedical Services, American Red CrossWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
- Vanderbilt School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Michael P. Busch
- Vitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Larry J. Dumont
- Vitalant Research InstituteDenverColoradoUSA
- Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanonNew HampshireUSA
- University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
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Bodakuntla S, Janke C, Magiera MM. Tubulin polyglutamylation, a regulator of microtubule functions, can cause neurodegeneration. Neurosci Lett 2021; 746:135656. [PMID: 33482309 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases lead to a progressive demise of neuronal functions that ultimately results in neuronal death. Besides a large variety of molecular pathways that have been linked to the degeneration of neurons, dysfunctions of the microtubule cytoskeleton are common features of many human neurodegenerative disorders. Yet, it is unclear whether microtubule dysfunctions are causative, or mere bystanders in the disease progression. A so-far little explored regulatory mechanism of the microtubule cytoskeleton, the posttranslational modifications of tubulin, emerge as candidate mechanisms involved in neuronal dysfunction, and thus, degeneration. Here we review the role of tubulin polyglutamylation, a prominent modification of neuronal microtubules. We discuss the current understanding of how polyglutamylation controls microtubule functions in healthy neurons, and how deregulation of this modification leads to neurodegeneration in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Bodakuntla
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, F-91401 Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, F-91401 Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, F-91401 Orsay, France.
| | - Maria M Magiera
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, F-91401 Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, F-91401 Orsay, France.
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11
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Goodhue Meyer EK, Xu M, Lasky B, Young PP. Seroreactivity with COVID-19 antibody testing in CCP donors presenting without a SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test. Transfusion 2020; 61:330-331. [PMID: 33037643 PMCID: PMC7675714 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Goodhue Meyer
- Medical Office, Biomedical Services, American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, 20006, USA
| | - Meng Xu
- Scientific Affairs, Biomedical Services, American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Baia Lasky
- Medical Office, Biomedical Services, American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, 20006, USA
| | - Pampee P Young
- Medical Office, Biomedical Services, American Red Cross, Washington, District of Columbia, 20006, USA
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Huang S, Doyle TJ, Hammer MM, Byrne SC, Huang W, Marshall AA, Iannaccone CK, Huang J, Feathers V, Weinblatt ME, Dellaripa PF, Shadick NA, Sparks JA. Rheumatoid arthritis-related lung disease detected on clinical chest computed tomography imaging: Prevalence, risk factors, and impact on mortality. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 50:1216-25. [PMID: 33059295 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the real-world prevalence and investigate risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related lung disease on chest computed tomography (CT) imaging. We also investigated the impact of RA-related lung disease on mortality. METHODS We studied chest CT imaging abnormalities among RA patients. We determined the presence and type of abnormalities using the chest CT imaging radiologic report. RA-related lung disease was defined as interstitial lung disease (ILD), bronchiectasis, or pleural disease. We examined whether demographics and RA characteristics were associated with RA-related lung disease using logistic regression. RA-related lung disease and mortality was described using survival curves and Cox regression. RESULTS We analyzed 190 patients who had chest CT imaging performed for clinical indications. Mean age was 64.2 years (SD 11.8), 80.0% were female, and 75.3% were seropositive. RA-related lung disease was detected in 54 patients (28.4%); 30 (15.8%) had ILD, 27 (14.2%) had bronchiectasis, and 18 (9.5%) had pleural disease. RA-related lung disease was reported in both seropositive and seronegative RA (28.7% vs. 27.7%, p = 1.00). Male sex (OR 2.62, 95%CI 1.17-5.88) and current methotrexate use (OR 2.73, 95%CI 1.27-5.61 vs. not current) were associated with RA-related lung disease. Twenty-four (44.4%) patients with RA-related lung disease died during mean 7.0 years of follow-up. RA-related lung disease had HR of 5.35 (95%CI 0.72-39.9) for mortality compared to normal chest CT. CONCLUSIONS In this real-world study, RA-related lung disease was commonly detected on chest CT imaging regardless of RA serostatus. RA-related lung disease had high mortality, emphasizing the importance in close monitoring of these patients.
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Abstract
Microtubules are non-covalent mesoscale polymers central to the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. Microtubule structure, dynamics, and mechanics are modulated by a cell's choice of tubulin isoforms and post-translational modifications, a "tubulin code," which is thought to support the diverse morphology and dynamics of microtubule arrays across various cell types, cell cycle, and developmental stages. We give a brief historical overview of research into tubulin diversity and highlight recent progress toward uncovering the mechanistic underpinnings of the tubulin code. As a large number of essential pathways converge upon the microtubule cytoskeleton, understanding how cells utilize tubulin diversity is crucial to understanding cellular physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Roll-Mecak
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Aziz Kalteh A, Babouei S. Control chart patterns recognition using ANFIS with new training algorithm and intelligent utilization of shape and statistical features. ISA Trans 2020; 102:12-22. [PMID: 31848018 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a new method for recognition of nine control chart patterns (CCPs) based on the intelligent use of shape and statistical features and optimized fuzzy system. The proposed technique contains three levels of separation. In each level of separation, an effective set of shape and statistical features are utilized as the input of classifier for recognizing a part of patterns. Due to the good performance of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in pattern recognition problems, in the proposed method an ANFIS is used as a classifier at each level of separation which is trained by chaotic whale optimization algorithm (CWOA). Intelligent utilization of new extracted features, improving robustness of ANFIS and considering nine patterns in CCP recognition problem are the main contribution of the proposed method. The simulation results showed that the proposed method performs better than other similar methods and can recognize the type of pattern with 99.77% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdol Aziz Kalteh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran.
| | - Sajjad Babouei
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
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15
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Wright Z, Bersabe A, Eden R, Bradley J, Cap A. Successful Use of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in a Patient Recently Treated for Follicular Lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2020; 21:66-68. [PMID: 32682684 PMCID: PMC7315985 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Wright
- Hematology/Oncology, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, MS.
| | - Adrian Bersabe
- Hematology/Oncology, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, MS
| | - Rina Eden
- Department of Pathology, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, MS
| | - Jessica Bradley
- Department of Pathology, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, MS
| | - Andrew Cap
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Uniformed Services University, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX
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Kouamé AK, Bouatenin MJPK, Djéni TN, Dje KM. Identification of hazards and critical control points during attiéké (a fermented cassava product) process in Côte d'Ivoire. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 70:87-94. [PMID: 31705681 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Attiéké is the major fermented plant food in Côte d'Ivoire. The aim of this study was to identify hazards and critical control points (CCP) in order to implement a HACCP system for the production of attiéké. Physico-chemical and microbiological analyses were carried out. pH of the cossettes used as raw material for attieke process was slightly acidic (6·5 ± 0·23). But attiéké produced had an acid pH (4·55 ± 0·67). The very high amount of hydrocyanic acid in cassava roots (116 ± 9·42 mg kg-1 ) was reduced to a lower value (3·4 ± 0·14 mg kg-1 ) in attiéké. It was less than the Codex Alimentarus recommended dose (10 mg kg-1 ). Microbiological analysis of the samples revealed the presence of coliforms, bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus and moulds in the intermediate products, the packaged attieke, the utensils, environment and ingredients. During the fermentation and pressing stage, the coliforms disappeared and the loads of Bacillus cereus, S. aureus and moulds were reduced. Cooking eliminated all micro-organisms except B. cereus (spores) whose load was reduced to a value of (1·1 ± 0·4)102 CFU per gram. All these micro-organisms reappeared in attiéké just after packaging. The load of micro-organisms in the packaged attiéké was lower than the Codinorm standard, CCP were cassava roots, the crushing, fermentation, and drying, cooking and packaging stage. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrates the great need to carry out microbiological tests frequently on attieke and even more the need to apply correct HACCP system during the production. This study will make it possible to minimize the problems encountered by women producers of attiéké, ensure consumer safety, face competition from imported starch products (wheat, rice, etc.), contribute to the opening of a small and medium-scale industrialization path for the production of attiéké and strengthen standardization on attiéké to facilitate its export.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Kouamé
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Food Security Research Group, Swiss Centre of Scientific Researches (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - M J-P K Bouatenin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - T N Djéni
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - K M Dje
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
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Huang S, He X, Doyle TJ, Zaccardelli A, Marshall AA, Friedlander HM, Blaustein RB, Smith EA, Cui J, Iannaccone CK, Mahmoud TG, Weinblatt ME, Dellaripa PF, Shadick NA, Sparks JA. Association of rheumatoid arthritis-related autoantibodies with pulmonary function test abnormalities in a rheumatoid arthritis registry. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:3401-3412. [PMID: 31410660 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated whether rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoantibodies were associated with abnormalities on pulmonary function tests (PFTs). METHODS We studied RA serostatus and PFT abnormalities within a RA registry. RA serostatus was assessed by research assays for cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF). Outcomes were abnormalities on clinically indicated PFTs, including restriction, obstruction, and diffusion abnormality. Logistic regression was used to obtain ORs and 95% CIs for the PFT abnormalities by RA serologic phenotypes independent of lifestyle and RA characteristics. RESULTS Among 1272 analyzed subjects, mean age was 56.3 years (SD 14.1), 82.2% were female, and 69.5% were seropositive. There were 100 subjects with abnormal PFTs. Compared with seronegativity, seropositivity was associated with increased odds of any PFT abnormality (multivariable OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.30-4.03). When analyzing type of PFT abnormality, seropositivity was also associated with restriction, obstruction, and diffusion abnormalities; multivariable ORs were 2.48 (95% CI 1.26-4.87), 3.12 (95% CI 1.28-7.61), and 2.30 (95% CI 1.09-4.83), respectively. When analyzing by CCP and RF status, the associations were stronger for RF+ than for CCP+ (any PFT abnormality OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.21-3.27 for RF+ vs. RF-; OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.03-2.69 for CCP+ vs. CCP-) with a dose effect of higher RF titer increasing odds for each PFT abnormality (p for trend < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Seropositive RA patients had two-fold increased risk for abnormalities on PFTs performed for clinical indications compared with seronegative RA. Patients with seropositive RA, particularly those with high-titer RF positivity, may be more likely to have obstructive and restrictive abnormalities, independent of smoking.Key points• Due to the known excess pulmonary morbidity/mortality in RA, we studied the relationship of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related autoantibodies with pulmonary function test (PFT) abnormalities using a large RA registry.• We evaluated whether presence and levels of cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) were associated with restriction, obstruction, and diffusion abnormalities on PFTs among 1272 subjects with RA.• Seropositivity was associated with two-fold increased risk for any PFT abnormality, independent of confounders including smoking. Higher titers of RF conferred greatest risk for all PFT outcomes: obstruction, restriction, and diffusion abnormality.• These results provide evidence that patients with RA should be closely monitored for pulmonary involvement, particularly those with high-titer RF seropositivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Huang
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Xintong He
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tracy J Doyle
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alessandra Zaccardelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Allison A Marshall
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Tufts School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - H Maura Friedlander
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachel B Blaustein
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Smith
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christine K Iannaccone
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Taysir G Mahmoud
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael E Weinblatt
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paul F Dellaripa
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nancy A Shadick
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Sahu B, Singh SD, Behera BK, Panda SK, Das A, Parida PK. Rapid detection of Salmonella contamination in seafoods using multiplex PCR. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:807-16. [PMID: 31006836 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective monitoring of Salmonella contamination in seafood processing to conform the requirements of HACCP is a great challenge today. Such challenges can be effectively addressed, if the conventional detection methods are replaced with DNA-based molecular methods. Accordingly, it was aimed to develop a robust PCR protocol for specific detection of Salmonella spp. Out of the different primers screened, one pair of primers developed in this study targeting invA gene demonstrated 100% inclusivity for a wide range of Salmonella serotypes and 100% exclusivity for wide range of non-target species. The in silico analysis of the nucleotide sequence obtained from the PCR product suggests its potential as a hybridization probe for genus specific detection of Salmonella spp. contamination. The PCR protocol was sensitive enough to detect 15 cells per reaction using crude DNA prepared within a short time directly from artificially contaminated shrimp tissue. The study demonstrated that the result of PCR reaction can come out on the same day of sample arrival. Incorporation of this pair of primers in a multiplex PCR designed for simultaneous detection of four common seafood-borne human pathogens yielded 147 bp, 302 bp, 403 bp, and 450 bp distinct DNA bands specifically targeting E. coli, toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella spp., and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively in a single PCR tube. The PCR methods developed in this study has the potential to be used in the seafood processing plants for effective monitoring of CCPs required for implementation of HACCP-based quality assurance system.
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Addeh A, Khormali A, Golilarz NA. Control chart pattern recognition using RBF neural network with new training algorithm and practical features. ISA Trans 2018; 79:202-216. [PMID: 29735337 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The control chart patterns are the most commonly used statistical process control (SPC) tools to monitor process changes. When a control chart produces an out-of-control signal, this means that the process has been changed. In this study, a new method based on optimized radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is proposed for control chart patterns (CCPs) recognition. The proposed method consists of four main modules: feature extraction, feature selection, classification and learning algorithm. In the feature extraction module, shape and statistical features are used. Recently, various shape and statistical features have been presented for the CCPs recognition. In the feature selection module, the association rules (AR) method has been employed to select the best set of the shape and statistical features. In the classifier section, RBFNN is used and finally, in RBFNN, learning algorithm has a high impact on the network performance. Therefore, a new learning algorithm based on the bees algorithm has been used in the learning module. Most studies have considered only six patterns: Normal, Cyclic, Increasing Trend, Decreasing Trend, Upward Shift and Downward Shift. Since three patterns namely Normal, Stratification, and Systematic are very similar to each other and distinguishing them is very difficult, in most studies Stratification and Systematic have not been considered. Regarding to the continuous monitoring and control over the production process and the exact type detection of the problem encountered during the production process, eight patterns have been investigated in this study. The proposed method is tested on a dataset containing 1600 samples (200 samples from each pattern) and the results showed that the proposed method has a very good performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoljalil Addeh
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
| | - Aminollah Khormali
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Iran
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Katona K, Farkas N, Kneif M, SütŐ G, Berki T, Balatonyi B, Tornóczky T. Image analysis of fibrosis in labial salivary glands of patients with systemic autoimmune diseases. Close correlation of lobular fibrosis to seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and increased anti- CCP and RF titres in the serum. Pathology 2018; 50:418-25. [PMID: 29735168 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.12.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lobular fibrosis in labial salivary glands of patients with systemic autoimmune disease is a rarely examined and rather neglected histological change. Its significance and disease association is poorly understood. Our aim was to explore the clinical correlations of fibrosis in labial salivary gland samples using objective methods and laboratory parameters. Labial salivary gland samples from more than 300 patients over a 3-year period were selected from the archives of the pathology department, histologically examined, digitised, image analysed and statistically evaluated to identify the presence and intensity of lobular fibrosis, its relation to age, clinical diagnoses of systemic autoimmune disease and the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP), antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), and anti-dsDNA serum markers. Significant correlation was found between lobular fibrosis and the presence of autoimmune disease (p = 0.023), mainly seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (p < 0.001). Also significant association was found between the fibrosis and the presence of serum anti-CCP (p < 0.001) and IgA/IgG/IgM-RF (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). Significant association was explored between the anti-dsDNA positivity and the negative histology groups (p = 0.033) and between the ANA positivity and the inflammation only group (p = 0.021). The results suggest that lobular fibrosis tends to associate to certain systemic autoimmune diseases, mainly seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, and seems to be rare in labial salivary gland biopsies of autoimmune diseases characterised by presence of anti-dsDNA. The close correlation of ANA positivity and the inflammation only histology was not surprising, since the majority of patients (62%) have Sjögren's syndrome, known for its inflammatory infiltrate. These findings emphasise that evaluation of lobular fibrosis and inflammation in histological samples of labial salivary gland biopsies are equally important.
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Cappelli LC, Konig MF, Gelber AC, Bingham CO, Darrah E. Smoking is not linked to the development of anti-peptidylarginine deiminase 4 autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:59. [PMID: 29566742 PMCID: PMC5865363 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Defining environmental factors responsible for development of autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is critical for understanding mechanisms of disease initiation and propagation. Notably, a history of cigarette smoking has been implicated in the genesis of RA and is associated with worse disease outcomes. Antibodies to peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) are also associated with more severe RA. A subset of patients who have PAD4 autoantibodies that cross-react with PAD3 (anti-PAD3/4) are at the highest risk for interstitial lung disease, and this risk is augmented by a history of cigarette smoking. It is unclear, however, if smoking is etiologically linked to the development of anti-PAD4 antibodies. Methods Patients were included in this study if they had physician-diagnosed RA as well as DNA, serum, and a date-matched clinical assessment (n = 274). Anti-PAD4 and anti-CCP antibodies were measured by immunoprecipitation and ELISA, respectively; shared epitope (SE) status was determined by HLA-DRβ1 genotyping. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associations of smoking with PAD4 antibodies, with adjustment for relevant demographic and clinical features. Stratified analyses by disease duration and shared epitope status were also performed. Results Anti-PAD4 antibodies were present in 25% of RA patients, with 50% of these individuals having anti-PAD3/4 cross-reactive antibodies. Anti-PAD4 antibodies were significantly associated with a longer disease duration, SE alleles, and anti-CCP antibodies. Importantly, there were no significant differences in smoking history between anti-PAD4 positive and negative groups in univariate analyses, stratified analyses, or multivariable models. However, an inverse relationship between smoking and anti-PAD4 antibodies was suggested by a lower prevalence of current smokers among patients with anti-PAD3/4 antibodies compared to antibody negative individuals (p = 0.04). Further, the lowest levels of anti-PAD4 antibodies were observed in current smokers (p = 0.14), and a significant association of SE and anti-PAD4 antibodies was only present among never smokers (p = 0.01). Conclusions Smoking history was not associated with anti-PAD4 antibodies in patients with RA. The finding that anti-PAD4 antibodies were not associated with smoking suggests that other environmental factors may contribute to the development of autoimmunity to PAD4 in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Cappelli
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Maximilian F Konig
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Allan C Gelber
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Erika Darrah
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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22
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Lamerato L, Price K, Szymialis R, Eaddy M, Ogbonnaya A, Shih HC, Ahmad H. Comparative evaluation of treatment patterns and healthcare utilization of newly-diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients by anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody status. J Med Econ 2018; 21:231-240. [PMID: 29027497 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2017.1391819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody positivity is an established diagnostic factor for severe disease activity and joint damage and a prognostic factor for aggressive disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OBJECTIVE To compare RA-related treatment, healthcare utilization, and joint erosion between anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative RA patients. METHODS Newly-diagnosed RA patients were identified from the Henry Ford Health System database between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014; the date of the first RA diagnosis within the study period was the index date. Baseline anti-CCP test was used to categorize patients as anti-CCP-positive or anti-CCP-negative, and outcomes were evaluated in the 6 months post-index. RESULTS There were 217 anti-CCP-positive and 191 anti-CCP-negative RA patients included in the study. A higher proportion of anti-CCP-positive patients were initiated on RA treatment than anti-CCP-negative patients (70.5% vs 23.0%; p < .0001). More anti-CCP-positive patients received methotrexate (73.2% vs 56.8%; p = .0374), while more anti-CCP-negative patients received hydroxychloroquine (31.8% vs 13.1%; p = .0037) in first-line therapy. A higher proportion of anti-CCP-negative patients were tested for rheumatoid factor (RF) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Of those tested, there were more positive test results in the anti-CCP-positive cohort compared to the anti-CCP-negative cohort (RF: 84.4% vs 18.2%, p < .0001; C-reactive protein [CRP]: 69.7% vs 48.3%, p = .0008; and ESR: 89.5% vs 53.9%, p < .0001). Outpatient utilization predominated, with more anti-CCP-positive patients having any outpatient physician office visit (96.3% vs 77.5%, p < .0001) and a higher mean number of visits (5.3 vs 2.5, p < .0001) than anti-CCP-negative patients. Among anti-CCP-positive (n = 113) and anti-CCP-negative (n = 58) patients with imaging results, more anti-CCP-positive patients had joint erosion compared to anti-CCP-negative patients (18.6% vs 8.6%; p = .0858); however, statistical significance was not reached. CONCLUSION RA patients with positive anti-CCP antibodies had higher degrees of inflammation and disease activity as indicated by laboratory results, which likely contributed to their higher rates of healthcare utilization, joint erosion, and proportions of RA treatment.
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Cappelli LC, Palmer JL, Kremer J, Bingham CO. Tocilizumab treatment leads to improvement in disease activity regardless of CCP status in rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2017; 47:165-169. [PMID: 28477897 PMCID: PMC5623175 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoantibodies can be useful in predicting response to certain treatments in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to evaluate initial response to tocilizumab (TCZ) by change in physician and patient-reported outcomes and laboratory parameters in a real-world cohort of patients with RA. We analyzed the data by autoantibody status to determine whether patients with seronegative RA had improved response to tocilizumab when compared to their seropositive counterparts. METHODS Data from the CORRONA RA registry were analyzed. Patients were included if they were started on TCZ and had data from a follow-up visit 4-8 months after initiation, as well as having information on serologic status. Serologic status was determined by presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies. Changes in disease activity measures from baseline to follow-up visit were evaluated. RESULTS Both CCP-negative and -positive groups had statistically significant improvement in physician-reported measurements (physician rating of disease activity and joint counts), patient-reported measures (disease activity, pain, and fatigue), and acute phase reactants after 4-8 months of treatment with tocilizumab. The magnitude of improvement, however, did not differ significantly by CCP status. CONCLUSION Tocilizumab led to statistically significant improvement in all patient- and physician-reported measures of disease activity evaluated in this cohort of patient with RA. The response to tocilizumab did not differ by CCP status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Cappelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | | | - Joel Kremer
- Corrona Research Foundation, Albany, NY; Center for Rheumatology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Turnage C, DeLaney E, Kulat B, Guercio A, Palmer D, Ann Rosenberg C, Spear K, Boyne D, Johnson C, Riley W. A 2015-2016 Survey of American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion Certified Clinical Perfusionists: Perfusion Profile and Clinical Trends. J Extra Corpor Technol 2017; 49:137-149. [PMID: 28979037 PMCID: PMC5621577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To document the current perfusion workforce status and to anticipate the future demands of an ever-changing perfusion workplace environment, a valid survey is needed to help guide the future of the perfusion workforce. The American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion (ABCP) sponsored a survey of Certified Clinical Perfusionist (CCP) demographic and clinical trends that was linked electronically to the 2015-2016 ABCP online recertification process. Of 3,875 eligible CCP's, 3,056 (78.9%) responded to the survey. The 12 survey questions covered the topics of gender, age, education levels, years of clinical experience, annual clinical activity exposure, high fidelity simulation experience, recertification requirement satisfaction and professional activity requirement contentment. The results of the ABCP annual survey are being published in accordance with the ABCP's commitment to establish and maintain interactive communication with the community of CCPs. The goal of this survey is to present the perfusion and health-care community with important statistics related to the current field of perfusion and establish trends to guide the future of perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Turnage
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Edward DeLaney
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Bradley Kulat
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Ann Guercio
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - David Palmer
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | | | - Kyle Spear
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - David Boyne
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Charles Johnson
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - William Riley
- American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
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Alshabanat A, Otterstatter MC, Sin DD, Road J, Rempel C, Burns J, van Eeden SF, FitzGerald JM. Impact of a COPD comprehensive case management program on hospital length of stay and readmission rates. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:961-971. [PMID: 28356728 PMCID: PMC5367737 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s124385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COPD accounts for the highest rate of hospital admissions among major chronic diseases. COPD hospitalizations are associated with impaired quality of life, high health care utilization, and poor prognosis and result in an economic and a social burden that is both substantial and increasing. Aim The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of a comprehensive case management program (CCMP) in reducing length of stay (LOS) and risk of hospital admissions and readmissions in patients with COPD. Materials and methodology We retrospectively compared outcomes across five large hospitals in Vancouver, BC, Canada, following the implementation of a systems approach to the management of COPD patients who were identified in the hospital and followed up in the community for 90 days. We compared numbers, rates, and intervals of readmission and LOS during 2 years of active program delivery compared to 1 year prior to program implementation. Results A total of 1,564 patients with a clinical diagnosis of COPD were identified from 2,719 hospital admissions during the 3 years of study. The disease management program reduced COPD-related hospitalizations by 30% and hospitalizations for all causes by 13.6%. Similarly, the rate of readmission for all causes showed a significant decline, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.55 (year 1) and 0.51 (year 2) of intervention (P<0.001). In addition, patients’ mean LOS (days) for COPD-related admissions declined significantly from 10.8 to 6.8 (P<0.05). Conclusion A comprehensive disease management program for COPD patients, including education, case management, and follow-up, was associated with significant reduction in hospital admissions and LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Don D Sin
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital; Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine
| | - Jeremy Road
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia
| | - Carmen Rempel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia
| | - Jane Burns
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia
| | - Stephan F van Eeden
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital; Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine
| | - J M FitzGerald
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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XU W, YAO J, CHEN L. Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Cor Pulmonale and Its Effect on Exercise Capacity. Iran J Public Health 2016; 45:1004-1011. [PMID: 27928526 PMCID: PMC5139957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) is a disease of increasing frequency in Chinese people and profoundly influences their health. CCP is often accompanied by anxiety and other psychological problems, and patients may show signs of motor function decline. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of CCP-related psychological problems on motor function. METHODS Patients with CCP receiving in- or outpatient treatment in the Respiratory Department of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in Hunan Province between January and July 2015 were investigated. A total of 167 questionnaires were distributed, with 160 valid questionnaires ultimately collected from 95 male and 65 female participants of mean age (± standard deviation) of 68.2 ± 12.3 yr. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scoring was adopted to evaluate anxiety in the participants, and heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, 6-minute walk test and Borg index score were combined to detect the exercise capability of the participants. RESULTS Anxiety was present in 48.8% of patients. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, breathing rate and the Borg score of CCP patients with anxiety were higher than in CCP patients without anxiety (P < 0.05), while mean walking distance was shorter (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The rate of anxiety in patients with CCP is relatively high. Anxiety reduces motor function in CCP patients; therefore, in the process of treating patients with CCP, effort should be made to engage simultaneously patients in psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin XU
- Institute of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China,Corresponding Author:
| | - Jiwei YAO
- Physical Education Institute, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Longfei CHEN
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, China
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Mohan B, Chhabra ST, Gulati A, Mohan Mittal C, Mohan G, Tandon R, Kumbkarni S, Aslam N, Sood NK, Wander GS. Clinical and echocardiographic diagnosis, follow up and management of right-sided cardiac thrombi. Indian Heart J 2015; 65:529-35. [PMID: 24206876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right-sided cardiac masses are infrequent and have varied clinical presentation. The present study describes the clinical features, echocardiographic findings and management of 19 patients presenting with right-sided cardiac thrombi in a tertiary care center in north India. METHODS This is a retrospective, single center observational study of consecutive patients over the period January 2003-2008 admitted in our emergency intensive care unit (EICU). We identified 38 patients with right-sided cardiac masses admitted to EICU diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography of which 19 patients had right-sided thrombus. The echocardiographic findings were reviewed by two cardiologists in all patients. Treatment was not standardized and choice of therapy was based on judgment of attending physician. RESULTS The mean age of patients with cardiac thrombus was 36.6 ± 11.8 years. Right atrial (n = 17) and right ventricle (n = 2) thrombi were associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in 7 (36.8%) and pulmonary embolism in 3 (15%) patients. 13 (68.4%) patients appeared to have in situ mural thrombus. 12 patients were managed with oral anticoagulants, 3 patients underwent surgery and 4 patients were thrombolysed. All the survivors had a mean follow-up of 40 ± 6 months (range--18-50 months). CONCLUSIONS Prompt echocardiographic examination in an appropriate clinical setting facilitates faster diagnosis and management of patients with right-sided cardiac thrombi. High incidence of in situ mural thrombus and varied comorbidities predisposing to right-sided cardiac thrombi besides DVT and pulmonary embolism need to be recognized. Oral anticoagulation and thrombolysis appear to be the mainstay of treatment with surgery limited for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishav Mohan
- Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Unit Hero DMC Heart Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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Zhang Y, Huang GH, He L. A multi-echelon supply chain model for municipal solid waste management system. Waste Manag 2014; 34:553-561. [PMID: 24268473 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a multi-echelon multi-period solid waste management system (MSWM) was developed by inoculating with multi-echelon supply chain. Waste managers, suppliers, industries and distributors could be engaged in joint strategic planning and operational execution. The principal of MSWM system is interactive planning of transportation and inventory for each organization in waste collection, delivery and disposal. An efficient inventory management plan for MSWM would lead to optimized productivity levels under available capacities (e.g., transportation and operational capacities). The applicability of the proposed system was illustrated by a case with three cities, one distribution and two waste disposal facilities. Solutions of the decision variable values under different significant levels indicate a consistent trend. With an increased significant level, the total generated waste would be decreased, and the total transported waste through distribution center to waste to energy and landfill would be decreased as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Zhang
- Energy and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Guo He Huang
- Environmental Systems Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Li He
- Energy and Environmental Research Academy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Markman JL, Rekechenetskiy A, Holler E, Ljubimova JY. Nanomedicine therapeutic approaches to overcome cancer drug resistance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1866-79. [PMID: 24120656 PMCID: PMC5812459 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is an emerging form of therapy that focuses on alternative drug delivery and improvement of the treatment efficacy while reducing detrimental side effects to normal tissues. Cancer drug resistance is a complicated process that involves multiple mechanisms. Here we discuss the major forms of drug resistance and the new possibilities that nanomedicines offer to overcome these treatment obstacles. Novel nanomedicines that have a high ability for flexible, fast drug design and production based on tumor genetic profiles can be created making drug selection for personal patient treatment much more intensive and effective. This review aims to demonstrate the advantage of the young medical science field, nanomedicine, for overcoming cancer drug resistance. With the advanced design and alternative mechanisms of drug delivery known for different nanodrugs including liposomes, polymer conjugates, micelles, dendrimers, carbon-based, and metallic nanoparticles, overcoming various forms of multi-drug resistance looks promising and opens new horizons for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L Markman
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Abstract
There is growing interest in understanding the effects of host-microbial interactions on host physiologic processes. Much of the work in this arena is logically focused on the interaction at mucosal surfaces as this is a primary site of interaction. However, there is ample evidence to suggest that the effects of the microbiota have a much farther reach including the systemic immune system. While there are some similarities to effects at mucosal surfaces (i.e. reduced numbers of adaptive immune cells, diminished innate responses), there are some important differences that we highlight such as the response to immunogens and bacterial antigens. We propose that understanding the details of how specific components of the microbiota influence the systemic immune system likely will have significant impact on our understanding the pathophysiology of a variety of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A Kuhn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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Yamamoto H, Fara AF, Dasgupta P, Kemper C. CD46: the 'multitasker' of complement proteins. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2808-20. [PMID: 24120647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complement is undeniably quintessential for innate immunity by detecting and eliminating infectious microorganisms. Recent work, however, highlights an equally profound impact of complement on the induction and regulation of a wide range of immune cells. In particular, the complement regulator CD46 emerges as a key sensor of immune activation and a vital modulator of adaptive immunity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CD46-mediated signalling events and their functional consequences on immune-competent cells with a specific focus on those in CD4(+) T cells. We will also discuss the promises and challenges that potential therapeutic modulation of CD46 may hold and pose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Yamamoto
- Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; The Urology Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundations Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Sengupta Chattopadhyay A, Hsiao CL, Chang CC, Lian IeB, Fann CS. Summarizing techniques that combine three non-parametric scores to detect disease-associated 2-way SNP-SNP interactions. Gene 2014; 533:304-12. [PMID: 24076437 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Identifying susceptibility genes that influence complex diseases is extremely difficult because loci often influence the disease state through genetic interactions. Numerous approaches to detect disease-associated SNP-SNP interactions have been developed, but none consistently generates high-quality results under different disease scenarios. Using summarizing techniques to combine a number of existing methods may provide a solution to this problem. Here we used three popular non-parametric methods-Gini, absolute probability difference (APD), and entropy-to develop two novel summary scores, namely principle component score (PCS) and Z-sum score (ZSS), with which to predict disease-associated genetic interactions. We used a simulation study to compare performance of the non-parametric scores, the summary scores, the scaled-sum score (SSS; used in polymorphism interaction analysis (PIA)), and the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). The non-parametric methods achieved high power, but no non-parametric method outperformed all others under a variety of epistatic scenarios. PCS and ZSS, however, outperformed MDR. PCS, ZSS and SSS displayed controlled type-I-errors (<0.05) compared to GS, APDS, ES (>0.05). A real data study using the genetic-analysis-workshop 16 (GAW 16) rheumatoid arthritis dataset identified a number of interesting SNP-SNP interactions.
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Abstract
The complement system contains a great deal of biological "energy". This is demonstrated by the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), which is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by endothelial and blood cell damage and thrombotic vascular occlusions. Kidneys and often also other organs (brain, lungs and gastrointestinal tract) are affected. A principal pathophysiological feature in aHUS is a complement attack against endothelial cells and blood cells. This leads to platelet activation and aggregation, hemolysis, prothrombotic and inflammatory changes. The attacks can be triggered by infections, pregnancy, drugs or trauma. Complement-mediated aHUS is distinct from bacterial shiga-toxin (produced e.g. by E. coli O:157 or O:104 serotypes) induced "typical" HUS, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) associated with ADAMTS13 (an adamalysin enzyme) dysfunction and from a recently described disease related to mutations in intracellular diacylglycerol kinase ε (DGKE). Mutations in proteins that regulate complement (factor H, factor I, MCP/CD46, thrombomodulin) or promote (C3, factor B) amplification of its alternative pathway or anti-factor H antibodies predispose to aHUS. The fundamental defect in aHUS is an excessive complement attack against cellular surfaces. This can be due to 1) an inability to regulate complement on self cell surfaces, 2) hyperactive C3 convertases or 3) complement activation and coagulation promoting changes on cell surfaces. The most common genetic cause is in factor H, where aHUS mutations disrupt its ability to recognize protective polyanions on surfaces where C3b has become attached. Most TMAs are thus characterized by misdirected complement activation affecting endothelial cell and platelet integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppo Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, PO Box 21, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Blaising J, Lévy PL, Polyak SJ, Stanifer M, Boulant S, Pécheur EI. Arbidol inhibits viral entry by interfering with clathrin-dependent trafficking. Antiviral Res 2013; 100:215-9. [PMID: 23981392 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arbidol (ARB) is a broad-spectrum antiviral displaying activity against a number of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. It was described as a viral entry inhibitor and shown to interact at the molecular level with lipid membranes and viral fusion glycoproteins to impede viral entry and fusion. However its mechanism of action at the cellular level remains unknown. Here, by using live-cell confocal imaging and the hepatitis C virus as a model virus, we show that ARB affects clathrin-mediated endocytosis by impeding dynamin-2-induced membrane scission. Moreover it induces the intracellular accumulation of clathrin-coated structures where viral particles are trapped. Collectively, our results shed light on the mechanistic aspects of ARB antiviral activity and suggest that ARB could prevent cell infection by viruses that enter through clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Szodoray P, Nakken B, Barath S, Csipo I, Nagy G, El-Hage F, Osnes LT, Szegedi G, Bodolay E. Altered Th17 cells and Th17/regulatory T-cell ratios indicate the subsequent conversion from undifferentiated connective tissue disease to definitive systemic autoimmune disorders. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1510-8. [PMID: 23974054 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A shift in the balance between Th17-cells and regulatory T-cells (Treg) is an important feature of systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID), and may also contribute to their development. Hereby, we assessed the distribution of peripheral Th17 and Treg-cells in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD), the forerunner of SAIDs and followed these parameters during the development towards definitive SAIDs. Fifty-one UCTD patients were investigated and followed-up for 3 years. Flow cytometry was used to identify and follow three cell-populations: Th17-cells (CD4+IL-17+ T-cells), natural regulatory T-cells (CD4(+)CD25(bright)FoxP3(+); nTregs) and IL-10 producing Type-1 regulatory T-cells (CD4+IL-10+ T-cells; Tr1). Altogether 37.3% of these patients progressed into SAIDs. Th17-cells were increased in UCTD vs. controls, which further increased in those, whom developed SAIDs eventually. The Th17/nTreg ratio gradually increased from controls through UCTD patients, reaching the highest values in SAID-progressed patients. Regarding the Th17/Tr1 ratios, a similar tendency was observed moreover Th17/Tr1 could distinguish between UCTD patients with, or without subsequent SAID progression in a very early UCTD stage. Various immunoserological markers showed association with Th17 and Th17/nTreg at baseline, indicating the consecutive development of a distinct SAID. The derailed Th17/Treg balance may contribute to disease progression therefore could function as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Szodoray
- Institute of Immunology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Hvas CL, Fenger-Eriksen C, Høyer S, Sørensen B, Tønnesen E. Hypercoagulation following brain death cannot be reversed by the neutralization of systemic tissue factor. Thromb Res 2013; 132:300-6. [PMID: 23910501 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral injury and brain death is associated with apparent hypercoagulation and poor organ outcome. This experimental study challenges the hypotheses that i) brain death causes hypercoagulation and microvascular thrombosis and that ii) neutralizing systemic tissue factor (TF) by in vitro addition of a TF inhibitor (recombinant active site-inhibited factor VIIa (ASIS)) can reverse the hypercoagulable profile. METHODS Using a validated pig model of intracranial hemorrhage and brain death, 20 pigs were randomized to either control or brain death. The primary endpoints were coagulation parameters measured with whole blood thromboelastometry (ROTEM), thrombin generation and a porcine TF-sensitive plasma clotting time assay. In vitro spiking experiments with ASIS were performed in parallel with the latter two assessments. The kidneys were examined histologically for microvascular thromboses. RESULTS Brain death induced hypercoagulation, as demonstrated with ROTEM, thrombin generation, and reduced TF-sensitive plasma clotting time. In vitro inhibition of TF with ASIS did not reverse the hypercoagulation. No microvascular thromboses were found in the kidneys. CONCLUSION Brain death causes hypercoagulation; however, inhibition of TF does not reverse the coagulopathy. Thus, TF release does not seem to be the primary cause of this hypercoagulation. Minor changes in the levels of protein C suggest that the protein C pathway may be linked to the observed coagulopathy.
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Rocklin GJ, Boyce SE, Fischer M, Fish I, Mobley DL, Shoichet BK, Dill KA. Blind prediction of charged ligand binding affinities in a model binding site. J Mol Biol 2013; 425:4569-83. [PMID: 23896298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Predicting absolute protein-ligand binding affinities remains a frontier challenge in ligand discovery and design. This becomes more difficult when ionic interactions are involved because of the large opposing solvation and electrostatic attraction energies. In a blind test, we examined whether alchemical free-energy calculations could predict binding affinities of 14 charged and 5 neutral compounds previously untested as ligands for a cavity binding site in cytochrome c peroxidase. In this simplified site, polar and cationic ligands compete with solvent to interact with a buried aspartate. Predictions were tested by calorimetry, spectroscopy, and crystallography. Of the 15 compounds predicted to bind, 13 were experimentally confirmed, while 4 compounds were false negative predictions. Predictions had a root-mean-square error of 1.95 kcal/mol to the experimental affinities, and predicted poses had an average RMSD of 1.7Å to the crystallographic poses. This test serves as a benchmark for these thermodynamically rigorous calculations at predicting binding affinities for charged compounds and gives insights into the existing sources of error, which are primarily electrostatic interactions inside proteins. Our experiments also provide a useful set of ionic binding affinities in a simplified system for testing new affinity prediction methods.
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Saha R, Bose M, Santara SS, Roy J, Yadav RK, Adak S. Effect of distal His mutation on the peroxynitrite reactivity of Leishmania major peroxidase. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1834:2057-63. [PMID: 23831153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The conserved distal histidine in peroxidases has been considered to play a major role as a general acid-base catalyst for heterolytic cleavage of an OO bond in H2O2. However, heme peroxidases react with peroxynitrite to form transient intermediates but the role of the distal histidine in this reaction is still unknown. In order to investigate catalytic roles of the histidine at the distal cavity, two Leishmania major peroxidase (LmP) mutants (H68E, H68V) were prepared. The rate of transition from ferric H68V to Compound ES by H2O2 is decreased by approximately five orders of magnitude relative to wild type, which is consistent with electron donor oxidation data where the H68V is ~1000 fold less active than wild type. In the reaction with peroxynitrite, the formation rate of intermediates in the mutants is not significantly lower than that for the wild type, indicating that the His68 has no major role in homolytic cleavage of an OO bond in peroxynitrite. EPR spectroscopic data suggest that the transient intermediates formed by the reaction of LmP with H2O2 exhibits an intense and stable signal similar to CCP Compound ES whereas in case of the reaction with peroxynitrite, this signal disappears, indicating that the transient intermediate is Compound II. Rapid kinetics data suggest that the distal His68 mutants display higher decay rates of Compound II than wild type. Thus, His68 mutations minimize Compound II formation (inactive species in peroxynitrite scavenging cycles) by increasing decay rates during the steady state and results in higher peroxynitrite degrading activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Saha
- Division of Structural Biology and Bio-informatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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Wang SY, Yang ZJ, Yu H, Yang YF, Zhang H, Wang JZ. Inhibitory effects of supramolecular platinum compound CCP on digestive tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2007; 15:3489-3494. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v15.i33.3489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects of a supramolecular drug-platinum compound CCP on digestive tumors.
METHODS: Six digestive tumor cell lines, hepatocellular carcinoma (BEL7402), gastric carcinoma (MG803 and SG7901), pancreatic carcinoma (BXCP-3 and JF305), and colon carcinoma (CX-1), were used to test the IC50 of CCP and carboplatin. H22-bearing Kunming mice and JE305-bearing nude mice were treated intraperitoneally with CCP at 10, 15 or 20 mg/kg. Mice were treated with glucose as a negative control and carboplatin as a positive control. HE staining was used to detect tumor necrosis, and CD34 antibody was used to demonstrate differences in microvasculature in tumors.
RESULTS: The IC50 of CCP was only 33% - 50% of that of carboplatin. The IC50 of both CCP and carboplatin was > 240 mg/L in lung embryo fibroblasts. In H22-bearing Kunming mice, the inhibitory rate for 20, 15 and 10 mg/kg CCP was 56.1% - 67.0%, 46.9% - 54.8% and 42.4% - 44.3%, respectively, and the inhibitory rate for CBP was 50.3% - 51.3%. Tumor weight in the CCP group was lower than that in the control group (t > 2.91, P < 0.01). In the CCP 20 mg/kg group, the inhibitory rate for CCP was higher and the tumor weight was lower than those in the carboplatin group (t = 2.39, P < 0.05). In JF305-bearing nude mice, the inhibitory rate for 20 and 15 mg/kg CCP was 61.4% - 73.4% and 51.4% - 54.0%, respectively, and the inhibitory rate for carboplatin was 37.1%-42.0%. Tumor weight was significantly lower than that in the control groups (t > 2.28, P < 0.05). However, the inhibitory rate of 10 mg/kg CCP was 17.6% - 22.6%, which was not different from that in the glucose group (t = 1.70). The microvascular growth in JE305-bearing nude mice showed more necrosis in the CCP group with HE staining. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD34 antibody suggested more microvascular formation in the glucose group, but it was more clearly inhibited in the CCP group.
CONCLUSION: CCP has a greater ability to inhibit digestive tumor growth than carboplatin.
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