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Załęcka J, Zielińska Z, Ołdak Ł, Sakowicz A, Mańka G, Kiecka M, Spaczyński R, Piekarski P, Banaszewska B, Jakimiuk A, Issat T, Młodawski J, Szubert M, Sieroszewski P, Raba G, Szczupak K, Kluz T, Kluza M, Pierzyński P, Ciebiera M, Wojtyła C, Lipa M, Warzecha D, Wielgoś M, Cendrowski K, Gorodkiewicz E, Laudański P. The SPRi determination of cathepsin L and S in plasma and peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:224-230. [PMID: 38642611 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometriosis is a common disease with a complex pathomechanism and atypical symptoms, often leading to delayed diagnosis. Currently, the sole method for confirming the presence of the disease is through laparoscopy and histopathological examination of collected tissue. However, this invasive procedure carries potential risk and complications, necessitating the exploration of non-surgical diagnostic methods for endometriosis. This study aims to analyze peritoneal fluid and plasma samples for the expression of cathepsin L and cathepsin S to identify potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnostic approaches to endometriosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, plasma and peritoneal fluid samples were obtained during laparoscopy from 63 patients diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain or infertility. The study group consisted of women with confirmed endometriosis. The concentrations of cathepsins L and S were determined using an SPRi biosensor. RESULTS The study did not reveal significant differences in the concentrations of cathepsin L and cathepsin S between the control group and the study group, both in peritoneal fluid and plasma. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this study, it appears that cathepsins L and S are not suitable candidates as biomarkers for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Załęcka
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Zielińska
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Science, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Ołdak
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agata Sakowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | - Robert Spaczyński
- Center for Gynecology, Obstetrics and Infertility Treatment Pastelova, Poznan, Poland; Collegium Medicum, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Piotr Piekarski
- Gynecological Obstetric Clinical Hospital of Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Minimally Invasive Gynecological Surgery, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Banaszewska
- Chair and Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Artur Jakimiuk
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Gynecology, Oncological Gynecology and Reproduction, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Issat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Młodawski
- Collegium Medicum Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Poland; Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Provincial Combined Hospital in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Maria Szubert
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Surgical Gynecology and Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Sieroszewski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Fetal Medicine and Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Raba
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Przemysl, Przemysl, Poland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Kamil Szczupak
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Przemysl, Przemysl, Poland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Marek Kluza
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | | | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postrgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland; Warsaw Institute of Women's Health, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Wojtyła
- OVIklinika Infertility Center, Warsaw, Poland; Women's Health Research Institute, Calisia University, Kalisz, Poland
| | - Michał Lipa
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Warzecha
- OVIklinika Infertility Center, Warsaw, Poland; City South Hospital Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mirosław Wielgoś
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Premium Medical Clinic, Warsaw, Poland; Medical Faculty, Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Cendrowski
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Gorodkiewicz
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Laudański
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland; OVIklinika Infertility Center, Warsaw, Poland; Women's Health Research Institute, Calisia University, Kalisz, Poland.
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Višnić A, Čanadi Jurešić G, Domitrović R, Klarić M, Šepić TS, Barišić D. Proteins in urine - Possible biomarkers of endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 157:103941. [PMID: 36948095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a number of pathological reactions occur. Proteins secreted in the urine are thought to interact with each other and stimulate the pathological processes in endometriosis. Identifying one or more proteins that are specific enough and could serve as biomarkers for endometriosis is both a challenge and a necessity that would facilitate diagnosis. The urine of patients treated in a tertiary university hospital between July 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021 was analyzed. The studied group consists of patients who were treated surgically for endometriosis and in whom the diagnosis was confirmed by pathohistological analysis. The control group consists of patients who were operated for functional ovarian cysts. Urinary proteins were analyzed by chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We identified 17 proteins in urine whose concentrations were statistically significantly different in the group with endometriosis (N = 16) compared with the control groups (N = 16). The detected proteins were classified into groups according to their function in invasion, migration and proliferation, proteolysis, immune system, cell adhesion and vascular system. For all mentioned proteins the difference in concentration is statistically significant p < 0.005. Proteins are secreted in the urine of patients with endometriosis that may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and are possible biomarkers for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Višnić
- Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gordana Čanadi Jurešić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University in Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Robert Domitrović
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University in Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marko Klarić
- Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tina Sušanj Šepić
- Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rijeka, Croatia
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Sickle cell disease promotes sex-dependent pathological bone loss through enhanced cathepsin proteolytic activity. Blood Adv 2021; 6:1381-1393. [PMID: 34547771 PMCID: PMC8905708 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Age- and sex-dependent bone loss occurs in a Townes mouse model of SCD, with female mice more prone to trabecular bone loss. Reduced cathepsin activity leads to increased thickness and density of cortical and trabecular bone in the Townes mouse model of SCD.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common hereditary blood disorder in the United States. SCD is frequently associated with osteonecrosis, osteoporosis, osteopenia, and other bone-related complications such as vaso-occlusive pain, ischemic damage, osteomyelitis, and bone marrow hyperplasia known as sickle bone disease (SBD). Previous SBD models have failed to distinguish the age- and sex-specific characteristics of bone morphometry. In this study, we use the Townes mouse model of SCD to assess the pathophysiological complications of SBD in both SCD and sickle cell trait. Changes in bone microarchitecture and bone development were assessed by using high-resolution quantitative micro–computed tomography and the three-dimensional reconstruction of femurs from male and female mice. Our results indicate that SCD causes bone loss and sex-dependent anatomical changes in bone. SCD female mice in particular are prone to trabecular bone loss, whereas cortical bone degradation occurs in both sexes. We also describe the impact of genetic knockdown of cathepsin K– and E-64–mediated cathepsin inhibition on SBD.
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Shandilya R, Pathak N, Lohiya NK, Sharma RS, Mishra PK. Nanotechnology in reproductive medicine: Opportunities for clinical translation. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2020; 47:245-262. [PMID: 33227186 PMCID: PMC7711096 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.03650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionized global healthcare and has been predicted to exert a remarkable effect on clinical medicine. In this context, the clinical use of nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis, fertility preservation, and the management of infertility and other pathologies linked to pubertal development, menopause, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) has substantial promise to fill the existing lacunae in reproductive healthcare. Of late, a number of clinical trials involving the use of nanoparticles for the early detection of reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics have been conducted. However, most of these trials of nanoengineering are still at a nascent stage, and better synergy between pharmaceutics, chemistry, and cutting-edge molecular sciences is needed for effective translation of these interventions from bench to bedside. To bridge the gap between translational outcome and product development, strategic partnerships with the insight and ability to anticipate challenges, as well as an in-depth understanding of the molecular pathways involved, are highly essential. Such amalgamations would overcome the regulatory gauntlet and technical hurdles, thereby facilitating the effective clinical translation of these nano-based tools and technologies. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging applications of nanotechnology, which holds enormous promise for improved therapeutics and early diagnosis of various human reproductive tract diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Shandilya
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Neelam Pathak
- School of Life Sciences, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Radhey Shyam Sharma
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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Parks AN, Nahata J, Edouard NE, Temenoff JS, Platt MO. Sequential, but not Concurrent, Incubation of Cathepsin K and L with Type I Collagen Results in Extended Proteolysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5399. [PMID: 30931961 PMCID: PMC6443789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) during tendinopathy is, in part, mediated by the collagenolytic cathepsin K (catK) and cathepsin L (catL), with a temporal component to their activity. The objective of this study was to determine how catK and catL act in concert or in conflict to degrade collagen and tendon ECM during tissue degeneration. To do so, type I collagen gels or ECM extracted from apolipoprotein E deficient mouse Achilles tendons were incubated with catK and catL either concurrently or sequentially, incubating catK first, then catL after a delayed time period. Sequential incubation of catK then catL caused greater degradation of substrates over concurrent incubation, and of either cathepsin alone. Zymography showed there were reduced amounts of active enzymes when co-incubated, indicating that cannibalism, or protease-on-protease degradation between catK and catL was occurring, but incubation with ECM could distract from these interactions. CatK alone was sufficient to quickly degrade tendon ECM, but catL was not, requiring the presence of catK for degradation. Together, these data identify cooperative and conflicting actions of cathepsin mediated collagen matrix degradation by considering interactive effects of multiple proteases during tissue degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akia N Parks
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Juhi Nahata
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Naomi-Eliana Edouard
- Mathematics Department, Spelman College, 350 Spelman Ln, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Johnna S Temenoff
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Manu O Platt
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Govorov I, Bremme K, Larsson A, Holmström M, Komlichenko E, Chaireti R, Mints M. Blood inflammatory and endothelial markers in women with von Willebrand disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210544. [PMID: 30629692 PMCID: PMC6328189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction VWD-affected females often experience menorrhagia. Periodical fluctuations of the sex steroids during the menstrual cycle cause changes both in the coagulation and immune system. The aim of the current study was to assess the changes in selected inflammatory and endothelial markers in women with VWD during two phases of the menstrual cycle (follicular and luteal) and to compare it with corresponding data from healthy controls. Materials and methods The study group included 12 VWD-affected females with regular menstrual cycle, with none of them being prescribed hormone treatment. They were not pregnant or breastfeeding. The control group consisted of 102 healthy females, matched for age and BMI. Results Within the VWD group, endostatin was higher during the follicular phase, compared to the luteal phase, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.062). sICAM-1 and IL-6 were higher in VWD-affected females, compared to the controls, sVCAM-1, cathepsin S and sP-selectin were lower (p<0.003 for all cases). The pattern was constant throughout the menstrual cycle. Conclusions Higher levels of endostatin during early follicular phase could potentially predispose women with VWD to the development of heavy menstrual bleeding, due to antiangiogenic properties and ability to suppress several coagulation factors. Lower p-selectin levels in VWD group, compared to controls, may also contribute to the bleeding tendency. Changes in other proteins, involved in angiogenesis are hypothetically related to the formation of angiodysplasia—common complication of VWF deficiency. The latter statement requires confirmation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Govorov
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Katarina Bremme
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margareta Holmström
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduard Komlichenko
- Institution of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Roza Chaireti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam Mints
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dietze R, Starzinski-Powitz A, Scheiner-Bobis G, Tinneberg HR, Meinhold-Heerlein I, Konrad L. Lysophosphatidic acid triggers cathepsin B-mediated invasiveness of human endometriotic cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1369-1377. [PMID: 30591146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and the G-protein-coupled LPA receptors (LPAR) are involved in cell migration and invasion and found in the human endometrium. However, underlying mechanisms resulting in cellular invasion have been rarely investigated. We used stromal endometrial T-HESC, epithelial endometriotic 12Z, 49Z and Ishikawa cells. Interestingly, proliferation of T-HESC cells was strongly increased after LPA treatment, whereas the epithelial cell lines only showed a moderate increase. LPA increased invasion of 12Z and 49Z strongly and significantly. The LPAR inhibitor Ki16425 (LPAR1/3) attenuated significantly LPA-induced invasiveness of 12Z, which was confirmed by LPAR1 and LPAR3 siRNAs, showing that both LPA receptors contribute to invasiveness of 12Z cells. Investigation of cell invasion with an antibody-based protease array revealed mainly differences in cathepsins and especially cathepsin B between 12Z compared to the less invasive Ishikawa. Stimulation with LPA showed a time- and dose-dependent increased secretion of cathepsin B which was inhibited by the Gq inhibitor YM-254890 and Gi/o inhibitor pertussis toxin in the 12Z cells, again highlighting the importance of LPAR1/3. The activity of intracellular and secreted cathepsin B was significantly upregulated in LPA-treated samples. Inhibition of cathepsin B with the specific inhibitor CA074 significantly reduced LPA-increased invasion of 12Z. Our results reveal a novel role of LPA-mediated secretion of cathepsin B which stimulated invasion of endometriotic epithelial cells mainly via LPAR1 and LPAR3. These findings may deepen our understanding how endometriotic cells invade into ectopic sites, and provide new insights into the role of LPA and cathepsin B in cellular invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Dietze
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstr. 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Starzinski-Powitz
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Molecular Cell Biology and Human Genetics, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe University of Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Georgios Scheiner-Bobis
- Institute for Veterinary-Physiology and -Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Rudolf Tinneberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstr. 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstr. 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lutz Konrad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, Feulgenstr. 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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Parks AN, McFaline-Figueroa J, Coogan A, Poe-Yamagata E, Guldberg RE, Platt MO, Temenoff JS. Supraspinatus tendon overuse results in degenerative changes to tendon insertion region and adjacent humeral cartilage in a rat model. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1910-1918. [PMID: 28001327 PMCID: PMC5479759 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of rotator cuff tendon overuse injuries is still not well understood. Furthermore, how this overuse injury impacts other components of the glenohumeral joint, including nearby articular cartilage, is also unclear. Therefore, this study sought to better understand the time course of tendon protease activity in a rat model of supraspinatus overuse, as well as determine effects of 10 weeks of overuse on humeral head articular cartilage. For these studies, multiplex gelatin zymography was used to characterize protease activity profiles in tendon and cartilage, while histological scoring/mechanical testing and micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging were used to quantify structural damage in the supraspinatus tendon insertion and humeral articular cartilage, respectively. Histological scoring of supraspinatus tendon insertions revealed tendinopathic cellular and collagen fiber changes after 10 weeks of overuse when compared to controls, while mechanical testing revealed no significant differences between tensile moduli (overuse: 24.5 ± 11.5 MPa; control: 16.3 ± 8.7 MPa). EPIC-μCT imaging on humeral articular cartilage demonstrated significant cartilage thinning (overuse: 119.6 ± 6.34 μm; control: 195.4 ± 13.4μm), decreased proteoglycan content (overuse: 2.1 ± 0.18 cm-1 ; control: 1.65 ± 0.14 cm-1 ), and increased subchondral bone thickness (overuse: 216.2 ± 10.9 μm; control: 192 ± 17.8μm) in the overuse animals. Zymography results showed no significant upregulation of cathepsins or matrix metalloproteinases in tendon or cartilage at 2 or 10 weeks of overuse compared to controls. These results have further elucidated timing of protease activity over 10 weeks and suggest that damage occurs to other tissues in addition to the supraspinatus tendon in this overuse injury model. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1910-1918, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akia N. Parks
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Jennifer McFaline-Figueroa
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Anne Coogan
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Emma Poe-Yamagata
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Robert E. Guldberg
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Manu O. Platt
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Johnna S. Temenoff
- W.H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
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Asymmetric synthesis and evaluation of epoxy-α-acyloxycarboxamides as selective inhibitors of cathepsin L. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4620-4627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Cvetkovic C, Ferrall-Fairbanks MC, Ko E, Grant L, Kong H, Platt MO, Bashir R. Investigating the Life Expectancy and Proteolytic Degradation of Engineered Skeletal Muscle Biological Machines. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3775. [PMID: 28630410 PMCID: PMC5476614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of techniques from 3D printing, tissue engineering and biomaterials has yielded a new class of engineered biological robots that could be reliably controlled via applied signals. These machines are powered by a muscle strip composed of differentiated skeletal myofibers in a matrix of natural proteins, including fibrin, that provide physical support and cues to the cells as an engineered basement membrane. However, maintaining consistent results becomes challenging when sustaining a living system in vitro. Skeletal muscle must be preserved in a differentiated state and the system is subject to degradation by proteolytic enzymes that can break down its mechanical integrity. Here we examine the life expectancy, breakdown, and device failure of engineered skeletal muscle bio-bots as a result of degradation by three classes of proteases: plasmin, cathepsin L, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). We also demonstrate the use of gelatin zymography to determine the effects of differentiation and inhibitor concentration on protease expression. With this knowledge, we are poised to design the next generation of complex biological machines with controllable function, specific life expectancy and greater consistency. These results could also prove useful for the study of disease-specific models, treatments of myopathies, and other tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Cvetkovic
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Meghan C Ferrall-Fairbanks
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, 30332, Georgia, USA
| | - Eunkyung Ko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Lauren Grant
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Manu O Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, 30332, Georgia, USA.
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
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Ferrall-Fairbanks MC, Barry ZT, Affer M, Shuler MA, Moomaw EW, Platt MO. PACMANS: A bioinformatically informed algorithm to predict, design, and disrupt protease-on-protease hydrolysis. Protein Sci 2017; 26:880-890. [PMID: 28078782 PMCID: PMC5368069 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multiple proteases in a system hydrolyze target substrates, but recent evidence indicates that some proteases will degrade other proteases as well. Cathepsin S hydrolysis of cathepsin K is one such example. These interactions may be uni- or bi-directional and change the expected kinetics. To explore potential protease-on-protease interactions in silico, a program was developed for users to input two proteases: (1) the protease-ase that hydrolyzes (2) the substrate, protease. This program identifies putative sites on the substrate protease highly susceptible to cleavage by the protease-ase, using a sliding-window approach that scores amino acid sequences by their preference in the protease-ase active site, culled from MEROPS database. We call this PACMANS, Protease-Ase Cleavage from MEROPS ANalyzed Specificities, and test and validate this algorithm with cathepsins S and K. PACMANS cumulative likelihood scoring identified L253 and V171 as sites on cathepsin K subject to cathepsin S hydrolysis. Mutations made at these locations were tested to block hydrolysis and validate PACMANS predictions. L253A and L253V cathepsin K mutants significantly reduced cathepsin S hydrolysis, validating PACMANS unbiased identification of these sites. Interfamilial protease interactions between cathepsin S and MMP-2 or MMP-9 were tested after predictions by PACMANS, confirming its utility for these systems as well. PACMANS is unique compared to other putative site cleavage programs by allowing users to define the proteases of interest and target, and can also be employed for non-protease substrate proteins, as well as short peptide sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan C Ferrall-Fairbanks
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zachary T Barry
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maurizio Affer
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marc A Shuler
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ellen W Moomaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia
| | - Manu O Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Wilder CL, Walton C, Watson V, Stewart FAA, Johnson J, Peyton SR, Payne CK, Odero-Marah V, Platt MO. Differential cathepsin responses to inhibitor-induced feedback: E-64 and cystatin C elevate active cathepsin S and suppress active cathepsin L in breast cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 79:199-208. [PMID: 27592448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsins are powerful proteases, once referred to as the lysosomal cysteine proteases, that have been implicated in breast cancer invasion and metastasis, but pharmaceutical inhibitors have suffered failures in clinical trials due to adverse side effects. Scientific advancement from lysosomotropic to cell impermeable cathepsin inhibitors have improved efficacy in treating disease, but off-target effects have still been problematic, motivating a need to better understand cellular feedback and responses to treatment with cathepsin inhibitors. To address this need, we investigated effects of E-64 and cystatin C, two broad spectrum cathepsin inhibitors, on cathepsin levels intra- and extracellularly in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cathepsins S and L had opposing responses to both E-64 and cystatin C inhibitor treatments with paradoxically elevated amounts of active cathepsin S, but decreased amounts of active cathepsin L, as determined by multiplex cathepsin zymography. This indicated cellular feedback to selectively sustain the amounts of active cathepsin S even in the presence of inhibitors with subnanomolar inhibitory constant values. These differences were identified in cellular locations of cathepsins L and S, trafficking for secretion, co-localization with endocytosed inhibitors, and longer protein turnover time for cathepsin S compared to cathepsin L. Together, this work demonstrates that previously underappreciated cellular compensation and compartmentalization mechanisms may sustain elevated amounts of some active cathepsins while diminishing others after inhibitor treatment. This can confound predictions based solely on inhibitor kinetics, and must be better understood to effectively deploy therapies and dosing strategies that target cathepsins to prevent cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catera L Wilder
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Charlene Walton
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Valencia Watson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Fermin A A Stewart
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jade Johnson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Shelly R Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Christine K Payne
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Manu O Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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Takamura M, Koga K, Izumi G, Urata Y, Nagai M, Hasegawa A, Harada M, Hirata T, Hirota Y, Wada-Hiraike O, Fujii T, Osuga Y. Neutrophil depletion reduces endometriotic lesion formation in mice. Am J Reprod Immunol 2016; 76:193-8. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaori Koga
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Gentaro Izumi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoko Urata
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Miwako Nagai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Akiko Hasegawa
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Miyuki Harada
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirata
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Obstetrics and Gynecology; the University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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