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Hawkinson CB, Andrea SB, Hajat A, Minh A, Owens S, Blaikie K, Seiler J, Molino AR, Oddo VM. A cross-sectional analysis of work schedule notice and depressive symptoms in the United States. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101413. [PMID: 37223751 PMCID: PMC10200964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of last-minute work scheduling practices, including fluctuations in work hours, shift cancellations, and short notice, reflects a new norm in employment in the United States. This study aimed to investigate whether work schedule notice of ≤2 weeks was associated with high depressive symptoms. We used data from the 2019 cycle of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (N = 4963 adults aged 37-42 years). Using adjusted gender-stratified modified Poisson models, we tested the association between schedule notice (≤2 weeks, >2 weeks, consistent scheduling) and high depressive symptoms. Presence of high depressive symptoms was assessed using the 7-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Short-Form scale and defined as CES-D-SF ≥8. Respondents reporting >2 weeks schedule notice (versus ≤2 weeks) were disproportionately non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic and resided in the South and/or in a rural area. High depressive symptoms were 39% more prevalent among women with schedule notice of ≤2 weeks compared to those with >2 weeks notice (Prevalence Ratio [PR]: 1.39, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.07, 1.80). We did not observe an association among men (PR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.50). Schedule notice of ≤2 weeks was associated with a greater burden of high depressive symptoms among US women. Policies to reduce precarious work scheduling practices should be further evaluated for their impacts on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anjum Hajat
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anita Minh
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of British Columbia, Department of Sociology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shanise Owens
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Health Systems and Population Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kieran Blaikie
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessie Seiler
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrea R. Molino
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vanessa M. Oddo
- University of Illinois Chicago, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Moreno-Bella E, Kulich C, Willis GB, Moya M. Wage (in)equality matters: the effect of organizational economic inequality on others' and self-ascriptions. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37094182 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2023.2192398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Economic inequality has consequences at the social-psychological level, such as in the way people make inferences about their environment and other people. In the present two preregistered studies, we used a paradigm of an organizational setting to manipulate economic inequality and measured ascriptions of agentic versus communal traits to employees and the self. In Study 1 (N = 187), participants attributed more agency than communion to a middle-status employee, and more communion than agency when economic equality was salient. In Study 2 (N = 198) this finding was replicated. Further, this inequality-agency association was explained by perceptions of competitive employee relationships. Results, moreover, suggested that participants mainly attributed more communion than agency to themselves in the equality condition. We conclude that agency and communion ascriptions may be functional and thus inform about the expectations people have on the nature of social relationships in the face of economic inequality.
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Williamson JA, Mohammed S, McKay AS, Angell LC. Rags and Riches: The Effects of Social Class Diversity on Team Viability. SMALL GROUP RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/10464964231162053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Social class inequality is growing at a record pace. What happens when individuals from different social classes work on the same team? We examined the direct and moderating influences of social class as an underexplored form of diversity on team viability in 132 student project teams. Guided by an overarching framework from the team diversity literature, we explored perspective taking and conflict resolution norms as moderators that may safeguard against the negative effects of social class diversity on team viability. As predicted, teams with a mix of higher and lower social class members who were less able to see their teammates’ points of view or develop open conflict resolution norms reported less desire to work together in the future. Given these promising results and the ongoing importance of social class inequality in organizations, future research should continue to examine social class in a team context.
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Naznen F, Al Mamun A, Rahman MK. Modelling social entrepreneurial intention among university students in Bangladesh using value-belief-norm framework. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-18. [PMID: 36540692 PMCID: PMC9755004 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While the public sector authorities and governments struggle to ensure socioeconomic balance at all levels of society, social entrepreneurship is widely known as the optimum solution to societal issues, such as unemployment, social disparities, and ecological imbalances. Despite the fact that the younger generation holds the highest potential to be future social entrepreneurs, a few studies have been conducted to explore the factors that influence their social entrepreneurial intentions (SEI) in developing countries, such as Bangladesh. Furthermore, the empirical studies based on the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory for addressing SEI were scarce in the existing literature. The study aims to measure the influence of Altruistic Values (AV), Traditional Values (TV), Personal Normative Beliefs (NB), Awareness of Consequences (AC), Ascription of Responsibility (AR), Personal Norms (PN), and Social Norms (SN) on SEI implementation of the VBN framework. A combination of web-based and hardcopy surveys was used to collect data from 797 students of higher educational institutes in Bangladesh. The hypotheses and associations between the factors were statistically analysed using structural equation modelling. As a result, it was demonstrated that AV and TV had a notable influence on NB. Similarly, NB showed a significant positive impact on PN and AC, while AC and AR were reported to have a substantial influence on PN. Finally, PN and SN showed a strong impact on SEI. The holistic social entrepreneurship model proposed in this study should be effective for socioeconomic development by incorporating commercially feasible and sustainable principles. Overall, the study findings would assist researchers, current social entrepreneurs and organisations, educational institutes, government agencies, and individual potential entrepreneurs with accurate knowledge and insight to construct their strategies and efficiently pursue social ventures. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-04119-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Naznen
- UCSI Graduate Business School, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000 Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- UKM - Graduate School of Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43600 Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Khalilur Rahman
- Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu, 16100 Malaysia
- Angkasa-Umk Research Academy (AURA), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100 Malaysia
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5
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Fernández DP, Ryan MK, Begeny CT. Support (and rejection) of meritocracy as a self‐enhancement identity strategy: A qualitative study of university students’ perceptions about meritocracy in higher education. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle K. Ryan
- Global Institute for Women's Leadership Australian National University Canberra Australia
- University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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6
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Feitosa J, Hagenbuch S, Patel B, Davis A. Performing in diverse settings: A diversity, equity, and inclusion approach to culture. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CROSS CULTURAL MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/14705958221136707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are being built into the fabric of today’s organizations, and utilizing such a lens is vital to understanding cross-cultural performance. Yet, most of the culture and diversity literature has grown in silos and is therefore not leveraging the many benefits that their integration could provide. To counter this gap, we advance a theoretical framework featuring a new definition of cross-cultural performance (CCP) from a DEI perspective, as a new angle for doing work across cultures. Specifically, CCP is defined as the integration of multiple cultural perspectives of individuals who work together with the goal of enabling a diverse, inclusive, and equitable work environment. By applying the DEI lens to CCP, we elevate the meaning of performance due to added consideration of compositional differences, the possible barriers to employees’ success, and the extent to which others’ perspectives are indeed valued. Accordingly, our framework identifies three main components of CCP: catalyzing cultural differences, taking part in engaging communication, and promoting allyship activities. Furthermore, we specify emotional management as the glue of these three components, and key outcomes at different levels of analysis. Last, we discuss the implications of our framework to both theory and practice as well as directions for future research.
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Card KG, Hepburn KJ. Is Neoliberalism Killing Us? A Cross Sectional Study of the Impact of Neoliberal Beliefs on Health and Social Wellbeing in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES 2022:207314221134040. [PMID: 36278290 PMCID: PMC9605858 DOI: 10.1177/00207314221134040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neoliberal ideology is linked to poorer collective health and well-being. At the individual level, however, neoliberal beliefs may actually promote self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-reliance. We examined the effects of three beliefs underlying neoliberalism—(a) Personal Wherewithal, (b) Natural Competition, and (c) Anti-Government Interference—to understand the unique pathways by which neoliberalism affects health and well-being at the individual level. Participants were recruited using paid advertisements on social media in May/June 2020. Multivariable regression identified associations between each of the three identified neoliberal beliefs and participants’ (a) self-rated physical health, (b) number of health diagnoses, (c) life satisfaction, (d) loneliness, and (e) social trust of family, close friends/partners, coworkers, neighbors, and strangers. Among 2632 respondents, personal wherewithal was associated with better health, life satisfaction, and social well-being (perhaps by promoting self-efficacy and self-reliance to undertake healthy behaviors), while anti-government beliefs were associated with worse life satisfaction and social well-being (perhaps by reducing benefits inherent in collective action and social connection). Those hoping to reduce the negative effects of neoliberalism on collective well-being must contend with the reinforcing effect that personal wherewithal might have in shaping the perceived benefits of neoliberalism among those with these beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiffer G. Card
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
- Institute for Social Connection, Victoria, Canada
| | - Kirk J. Hepburn
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
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8
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Kößler FJ, Wesche JS, Hoppe A. In a no‐win situation: The employment‐health dilemma. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Dóci E, Knappert L, Nijs S, Hofmans J. UNPACKING PSYCHOLOGICAL INEQUALITIES IN ORGANIZATIONS: PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL RECONSIDERED. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edina Dóci
- School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - Lena Knappert
- School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - Sanne Nijs
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences Tilburg University
| | - Joeri Hofmans
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
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10
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McArthur J. Rethinking authentic assessment: work, well-being, and society. HIGHER EDUCATION 2022; 85:85-101. [PMID: 35194229 PMCID: PMC8853385 DOI: 10.1007/s10734-022-00822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This article seeks a deeper understanding of the concept of authentic assessment which ensures it does not become another educational buzzword, slowly diminishing in real meaning. I consider the origins of the term in the US schooling sector, and how it has developed over time, and in different countries, to today focus in higher education largely on real world tasks. There is, however, I argue, a common conflation of real world with the world of work. Little of this literature actually engages with the rich philosophical debates on authenticity, and in this article, I suggest that this deeper understanding of authenticity can enable us to build on existing work on authentic assessment to develop a more holistic and richer concept that will be more beneficial to individual students and to the larger society of which they are part. I argue that we should move from thinking in terms of either the so-called real world, or the world of work, to focus our justification for authentic assessment on its social value (which encompasses but is not limited to its economic value). To achieve this aim, I suggest we move from simply focusing on the authentic task to considering why that task matters? This then enables a shift from the student in isolation to the student as a member of society. Senses of achievement can become richer, thus enhancing the students' sense of self, self-worth, and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan McArthur
- Department of Educational Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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11
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Andrea SB, Eisenberg-Guyot J, Oddo VM, Peckham T, Jacoby D, Hajat A. Beyond Hours Worked and Dollars Earned: Multidimensional EQ, Retirement Trajectories and Health in Later Life. WORK, AGING AND RETIREMENT 2022; 8:51-73. [PMID: 35035984 PMCID: PMC8742984 DOI: 10.1093/workar/waab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The working lives of Americans have become less stable over the past several decades and older adults may be particularly vulnerable to these changes in employment quality (EQ). We aimed to develop a multidimensional indicator of EQ among older adults and identify EQ and retirement trajectories in the United States. Using longitudinal data on employment stability, material rewards, workers' rights, working-time arrangements, unionization, and interpersonal power relations from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we used principal component analysis to construct an EQ score. Then, we used sequence analysis to identify late-career EQ trajectories (age 50-70 years; N = 11,958 respondents), overall and by sociodemographics (race, gender, educational attainment, marital status). We subsequently examined the sociodemographic, employment, and health profiles of these trajectories. We identified 10 EQ trajectories; the most prevalent trajectories were Minimally Attached and Wealthy (13.9%) and Good EQ to Well-off Retirement (13.7%), however, 42% of respondents were classified into suboptimal trajectories. Those in suboptimal trajectories were disproportionately women, people of color, and less-educated. Individuals in the Poor EQ to Delayed and Poor Retirement and Unattached and Poor clusters self-reported the greatest prevalence of poor health and depression, while individuals in the Wealthy Business Owners and Great EQ to Well-off Retirement clusters self-reported the lowest prevalence of poor health and depression at baseline. Trajectories were substantially constrained for women of color. Although our study demonstrates EQ is inequitably distributed in later life, labor organizing and policy change may afford opportunities to improve EQ and retirement among marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Andrea
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
- Lifespan BERD Core, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jerzy Eisenberg-Guyot
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa M Oddo
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Trevor Peckham
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Jacoby
- School of Interdisciplinary Arts & Sciences, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Anjum Hajat
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
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12
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Perry SP, Skinner-Dorkenoo AL, Wages JE, Abaied JL. Systemic Considerations in Child Development and the Pursuit of Racial Equality in the United States. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2021.1971453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia P. Perry
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Allison L. Skinner-Dorkenoo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - James E. Wages
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jamie L. Abaied
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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13
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Andrea SB, Eisenberg-Guyot J, Peckham T, Oddo VM, Hajat A. Intersectional trends in employment quality in older adults in the United States. SSM Popul Health 2021; 15:100868. [PMID: 34553014 PMCID: PMC8441841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Americans' working lives have become more precarious over the past several decades. Worsening employment quality has been linked to poorer physical and mental health and may disproportionately impact marginalized working populations. We examined differences in the quality and character of worker-employer relationships among older workers in the United States (US) across intersecting gender-racial/ethnic-educational subgroups. Using longitudinal data on employment stability, material rewards, workers' rights, working-time arrangements, unionization, and interpersonal power relations from the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2016), we used principal components analysis to construct an employment quality (EQ) score. We estimated intersectional differences in EQ, overall and over time, using generalized estimating equations. Overall, EQ was greatest for white men with college degrees and poorest for Latinx women with < high school degrees. Over time, EQ tended to remain unchanged or slightly worsen across intersectional strata; the greatest EQ reduction was for Latinx women with college degrees, while the greatest improvement was for white women with high school degrees. There are enduring and growing inequities in EQ for older marginalized adults in the US, which may contribute to growing health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B. Andrea
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
- Lifespan Biostatistics Epidemiology and Research Design Core, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Trevor Peckham
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vanessa M. Oddo
- University of Illinois Chicago, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anjum Hajat
- University of Washington School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, WA, USA
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14
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Islam G, Sanderson Z. Critical positions: Situating critical perspectives in work and organizational psychology. ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20413866211038044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper argues that critical perspectives have constituted a marginal yet continued presence in work and organizational (W-O) psychology and calls for a reflexive taking stock of these perspectives to ground a critical research agenda. We argue that critical W-O psychology has been positioned between a psychology literature with limited development of critical perspectives, and an emergent critical management literature that has allowed their selective development. This in-between position has allowed critical W-O psychology to persist, albeit in a fragmented form, while limiting its potential for theoretical and applied impact. We use this diagnosis to reflect on how critical perspectives can best develop from within W-O psychology. We end with a call for developing a critical movement unique to the current historical moment, drawing upon without repeating the experiences of its home disciplines, in a future oriented and reflexive psychology research agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazi Islam
- Grenoble Ecole de Management and IREGE, France
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15
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Akkermans J, Collings DG, da Motta Veiga SP, Post C, Seibert S. Toward a broader understanding of career shocks: Exploring interdisciplinary connections with research on job search, human resource management, entrepreneurship, and diversity. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Hentschel T, Braun S, Peus C, Frey D. Sounds like a fit! Wording in recruitment advertisements and recruiter gender affect women's pursuit of career development programs via anticipated belongingness. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hrm.22043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Hentschel
- Amsterdam Business School University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Susanne Braun
- Durham University Business School Durham University Durham UK
| | - Claudia Peus
- TUM School of Management Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Dieter Frey
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Munich Germany
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