1
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Breugelmans T, Arras W, Oosterlinck B, Jauregui-Amezaga A, Somers M, Cuypers B, Laukens K, De Man JG, De Schepper HU, De Winter BY, Smet A. IL-22-Activated MUC13 Impacts on Colonic Barrier Function through JAK1/STAT3, SNAI1/ZEB1 and ROCK2/MAPK Signaling. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091224. [PMID: 37174625 PMCID: PMC10177587 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the transmembrane mucin MUC13, as seen in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), could potentially impact barrier function. This study aimed to explore how inflammation-induced MUC13 disrupts epithelial barrier integrity by affecting junctional protein expression in IBD, thereby also considering the involvement of MUC1. RNA sequencing and permeability assays were performed using LS513 cells transfected with MUC1 and MUC13 siRNA and subsequently stimulated with IL-22. In vivo intestinal permeability and MUC13-related signaling pathways affecting barrier function were investigated in acute and chronic DSS-induced colitis wildtype and Muc13-/- mice. Finally, the expression of MUC13, its regulators and other barrier mediators were studied in IBD and control patients. Mucin knockdown in intestinal epithelial cells affected gene expression of several barrier mediators in the presence/absence of inflammation. IL-22-induced MUC13 expression impacted barrier function by modulating the JAK1/STAT3, SNAI1/ZEB1 and ROCK2/MAPK signaling pathways, with a cooperating role for MUC1. In response to DSS, MUC13 was protective during the acute phase whereas it caused more harm upon chronic colitis. The pathways accounting for the MUC13-mediated barrier dysfunction were also altered upon inflammation in IBD patients. These novel findings indicate an active role for aberrant MUC13 signaling inducing intestinal barrier dysfunction upon inflammation with MUC1 as collaborating partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Breugelmans
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wout Arras
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Oosterlinck
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aranzazu Jauregui-Amezaga
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michaël Somers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Cuypers
- Department of Computer Science, Adrem Data Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kris Laukens
- Department of Computer Science, Adrem Data Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joris G De Man
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Heiko U De Schepper
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Y De Winter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Smet
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Infla-Med Research Consortium of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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2
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Jiang F, Yan H, Yang B, He Q, Luo P, Xu Z, Yang X. JAK-STAT signaling as an ARDS therapeutic target: Status and future trends. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115382. [PMID: 36528067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. It has a high mortality rate and lacks effective pharmacotherapy. With the outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide, the mortality of ARDS has increased correspondingly, which makes it urgent to find effective targets and strategies for the treatment of ARDS. Recent clinical trials of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in treating COVID-19-induced ARDS have shown a positive outcome, which makes the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway a potential therapeutic target for treating ARDS. Here, we review the complex cause of ARDS, the molecular JAK/STAT pathway involved in ARDS pathology, and the progress that has been made in strategies targeting JAK/STAT to treat ARDS. Specifically, JAK/STAT signaling directly participates in the progression of ARDS or colludes with other pathways to aggravate ARDS. We summarize JAK and STAT inhibitors with ARDS treatment benefits, including inhibitors in clinical trials and preclinical studies and natural products, and discuss the side effects of the current JAK inhibitors to reveal future trends in the design of JAK inhibitors, which will help to develop effective treatment strategies for ARDS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanteng Zhang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zizheng Gao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Akhmerova YN, Shpakova TA, Grammatikati KS, Mitrofanov SI, Kazakova PG, Mkrtchian AA, Zemsky PU, Pilipenko MN, Feliz NV, Frolova LV, Frolovskaya AA, Yudin VS, Keskinov AA, Kraevoy SA, Yudin SM, Skvortsova VI. Genetic Variants Associated with Bronchial Asthma Specific to the Population of the Russian Federation. Acta Naturae 2023; 15:31-41. [PMID: 37153512 PMCID: PMC10154776 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a disease that still lacks an exhaustive treatment protocol. In this regard, the global medical community pays special attention to the genetic prerequisites for the occurrence of this disease. Therefore, the search for the genetic polymorphisms underlying bronchial asthma has expanded considerably. As the present study progressed, a significant amount of scientific medical literature was analyzed and 167 genes reported to be associated with the development of bronchial asthma were identified. A group of participants (n = 7,303) who had voluntarily provided their biomaterial (venous blood) to be used in the research conducted by the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia was formed to subsequently perform a bioinformatic verification of known associations and search for new ones. This group of participants was divided into four cohorts, including two sex-distinct cohorts of individuals with a history of asthma and two sex-distinct cohorts of apparently healthy individuals. A search for polymorphisms was made in each cohort among the selected genes, and genetic variants were identified whose difference in occurrence in the different cohorts was statistically significant (significance level less than 0.0001). The study revealed 11 polymorphisms that affect the development of asthma: four genetic variants (rs869106717, rs1461555098, rs189649077, and rs1199362453), which are more common in men with bronchial asthma compared to apparently healthy men; five genetic variants (rs1923038536, rs181066119, rs143247175, rs140597386, and rs762042586), which are more common in women with bronchial asthma compared to apparently healthy women; and two genetic variants (rs1219244986 and rs2291651) that are rare in women with a history of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. N. Akhmerova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - T. A. Shpakova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - K. S. Grammatikati
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - S. I. Mitrofanov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - P. G. Kazakova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - A. A. Mkrtchian
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - P. U. Zemsky
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - M. N. Pilipenko
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - N. V. Feliz
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - L. V. Frolova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - A. A. Frolovskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - V. S. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - A. A. Keskinov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - S. A. Kraevoy
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - S. M. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency (Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - V. I. Skvortsova
- Federal Medical Biological Agency (FMBA of Russia), Moscow, 123182 Russian Federation
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4
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Wang X, Guan S, Sun L, Dai Z. The impact of benzo[a]pyrene on murine allergic airway inflammation via epigenetic remodeling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 89:103782. [PMID: 34883242 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous exposure to both BaP and house dust mites (HDM) has been shown to exacerbate pulmonary inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a murine asthma model. The mechanistic insight into epigenetic inheritance for this effect, however, remains to be clarified. As such, in this study, we explore the molecular basis for the enhancement of asthma. Female BAL/C mice were intranasally administered HDM (25 µg in 25 μL saline) and/or BaP (10 μg/kg) every other day for 9 weeks. RNA sequencing and DNA methylation assessment were used to explore the underlying mechanism. Following simultaneous exposure to HDM and BaP, mice exhibited pulmonary inflammation and the transcript level of IL4i1b, muc4 and IL22ra2 that were associated with altered DNA methylation, suggesting that there may be an epigenetic basis for BaP-induced asthma exacerbation. Our data suggest that DNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification that accompanies airway remodeling associated with changes in the allergic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuyuan Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingbin Sun
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhongliang Dai
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
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5
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Molatlhegi RP, Ngcobo S, Liebenberg LJP, Ngcapu S, Mabhula A, Leslie A, Mchunu N, Zondi MM, Adamson JH, Govender K, Samsunder N, Karim SSA, Karim QA, Passmore JAS, Sivro A, McKinnon LR. Genital and systemic immune effects of the injectable, contraceptive norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN), in South African women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13411. [PMID: 33641222 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Injectable hormonal contraceptives (IHC) have been associated with altered mucosal and systemic milieu which might increase HIV risk, but most studies have focused on DMPA and not NET-EN, despite the growing popularity and lower HIV risk associated with the latter in observational studies. METHOD OF STUDY We used high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-LC-MS/MS) to measure steroid hormones in plasma samples of CAPRISA004 study participants. Concentrations of 48 cytokines were measured in the cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and plasma, and their expression was compared between participants with detectable NET-EN (n = 201) versus non-detectable IHC (n = 90). Each log10 cytokine concentration was tested as an outcome in linear-mixed models, with NET-EN detection as the main explanatory variable. Multivariable models were adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS In bivariate analysis, detectable NET-EN was associated with reduced cervicovaginal M-CSF (P = 0.008), GM-CSF (P = 0.025) and G-CSF (P = 0.039), and elevated levels MIF (P = 0.008), IL-18 (P = 0.011), RANTES (P = 0.005) and IL-1Rα (P < 0.001). Lower G-CSF (P = 0.011) and elevated IL-1Rα (P = 0.008) remained significant in adjusted models. Multivariable analyses of plasma samples obtained from NET-EN-detectable women showed a significant increase in IP-10 (P = 0.026) and reductions in TNF-β (P = 0.037), RANTES (P = 0.009), and M-CSF (P < 0.001). While similar growth factor reduction in CVL was noted for both DMPA and NET-EN, similar trends were not observed for endogenous progesterone. CONCLUSIONS Detectable NET-EN was associated with reduced growth factors in the plasma and genital tract; particularly G-CSF and M-CSF. Our results suggest that while NET-EN is not inflammatory, it may have important immunological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refilwe P Molatlhegi
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samkelisiwe Ngcobo
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lenine J P Liebenberg
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sinaye Ngcapu
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Amanda Mabhula
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Nobuhle Mchunu
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Durban, South Africa.,School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Mthobisi M Zondi
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - John H Adamson
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Katya Govender
- African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Natasha Samsunder
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Salim S Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Quarraisha Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jo-Ann S Passmore
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Aida Sivro
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lyle R McKinnon
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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6
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Zhao Y, Liu S, Li X, Xu Z, Hao L, Cui Z, Bi K, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Cross-talk of Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Allergic Asthma and Cataract. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 27:810-822. [PMID: 32031062 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200207113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease, which involves many cellular and cellular components. Cataract is a condition that affects the transparency of the lens, which the opacity of the lens caused by any innate or acquired factor degrades its transparency or changes in color. Both of them belong to diseases induced by immune disorders or inflammation. We want to confirm the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of asthma and cataract simultaneously, and provide reference for the later related experiments. So we conducted a scoping review of many databases and searched for studies (Academic research published in Wiley, Springer and Bentham from 2000 to 2019) about the possible relationship between asthma and cataract. It was found that during the onset of asthma and cataract, Rho/Rock signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, JAK/STAT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway are all active, so they may have a certain correlation in pathogenesis. Asthma may be associated with cataract through the eight signaling pathways, causing inflammation or immune imbalance based on allergy that can lead to cataract. According to these studies, we speculated that the three most likely signaling pathways are PI3K/AKT, MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Sumei Liu
- Department of Stomatology, No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiangsheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Lifang Hao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhe Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kewei Bi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanfen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China,Offices of Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
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7
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Ghasemi M, Bakhshi B, Khashei R, Soudi S. Modulatory effect of Vibrio cholerae toxin co-regulated pilus on mucins, toll-like receptors and NOD genes expression in co-culture model of Caco-2 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Ballester B, Milara J, Cortijo J. Mucins as a New Frontier in Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091447. [PMID: 31514468 PMCID: PMC6780288 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pulmonary disease with a median survival of 3–5 years after diagnosis. Recent evidence identifies mucins as key effectors in cell growth and tissue remodeling processes compatible with the processes observed in IPF. Mucins are classified in two groups depending on whether they are secreted (secreted mucins) or tethered to cell membranes (transmembrane mucins). Secreted mucins (MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6-8 and MUC19) are released to the extracellular medium and recent evidence has shown that a promoter polymorphism in the secreted mucin MUC5B is associated with IPF risk. Otherwise, transmembrane mucins (MUC1, MUC3, MUC4, MUC12-17 and MUC20) have a receptor-like structure, sensing the external environment and activating intracellular signal transduction pathways essential for mucosal maintenance and damage repair. In this context, the extracellular domain can be released to the external environment by metalloproteinase action, increased in IPF, thus activating fibrotic processes. For example, several studies have reported increased serum extracellular secreted KL6/MUC1 during IPF acute exacerbation. Moreover, MUC1 and MUC4 overexpression in the main IPF cells has been observed. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of mucins as promising druggable targets for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ballester
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Milara
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Research and teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
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9
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Erickson-DiRenzo E, Leydon C, Thibeault SL. Methodology for the establishment of primary porcine vocal fold epithelial cell cultures. Laryngoscope 2019; 129:E355-E364. [PMID: 30848488 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A current lack of methods for epithelial cell culture significantly hinders our understanding of the role of the epithelial and mucus barriers in vocal fold health and disease. Our first objective was to establish reproducible techniques for the isolation and culture of primary porcine vocal fold epithelial cells. Our second objective was to evaluate the functional significance of cell cultures using an in vitro exposure to an inflammatory cytokine. METHODS Epithelial cells were isolated from porcine vocal folds and expanded in culture. Characterization of cultures was completed by immunostaining with markers for pan-cytokeratin (epithelial cells), vimentin (stromal cells), von Willebrand factor (endothelial cell), and MUC1 and MUC4 (mucin) glycoproteins. Established epithelial cell cultures were then exposed to the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) for 24-hours, and transcript expression of MUC1 and MUC4 was evaluated. RESULTS Reproducible, porcine vocal fold epithelial cell cultures, demonstrating cobblestone appearance characteristic of the typical morphology of epithelial cell cultures were created. Cells showed positive staining for pan-cytokeratin with limited expression of vimentin and von Willebrand factor. Epithelial cells also expressed MUC1 and MUC4. TNF-α significantly increased transcript expression of MUC4. CONCLUSION Here, we present the first report of successful culture of primary porcine vocal fold epithelial cells. Cultures will provide researchers with a valuable new in vitro tool to investigate vocal fold epithelium and mucus as well as the effects of common challenges, including inflammatory cytokines, on these barriers. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 129:E355-E364, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Erickson-DiRenzo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Ciara Leydon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Susan L Thibeault
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
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10
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Zhou X, Kinlough CL, Hughey RP, Jin M, Inoue H, Etling E, Modena BD, Kaminski N, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Jarjour NN, Trudeau JB, Holguin F, Ray A, Wenzel SE. Sialylation of MUC4β N-glycans by ST6GAL1 orchestrates human airway epithelial cell differentiation associated with type-2 inflammation. JCI Insight 2019; 4:122475. [PMID: 30730306 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although type-2-induced (T2-induced) epithelial dysfunction is likely to profoundly alter epithelial differentiation and repair in asthma, the mechanisms for these effects are poorly understood. A role for specific mucins, heavily N-glycosylated epithelial glycoproteins, in orchestrating epithelial cell fate in response to T2 stimuli has not previously been investigated. Levels of a sialylated MUC4β isoform were found to be increased in airway specimens from asthmatic patients in association with T2 inflammation. We hypothesized that IL-13 would increase sialylation of MUC4β, thereby altering its function and that the β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) would regulate the sialylation. Using human biologic specimens and cultured primary human airway epithelial cells (HAECs),we demonstrated that IL-13 increases ST6GAL1-mediated sialylation of MUC4β and that both were increased in asthma, particularly in sputum supernatant and/or fresh isolated HAECs with elevated T2 biomarkers. ST6GAL1-induced sialylation of MUC4β altered its lectin binding and secretion. Both ST6GAL1 and MUC4β inhibited epithelial cell proliferation while promoting goblet cell differentiation. These in vivo and in vitro data provide strong evidence for a critical role for ST6GAL1-induced sialylation of MUC4β in epithelial dysfunction associated with T2-high asthma, thereby identifying specific sialylation pathways as potential targets in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carol L Kinlough
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca P Hughey
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mingzhu Jin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hideki Inoue
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emily Etling
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian D Modena
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Deborah A Meyers
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John B Trudeau
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Anuradha Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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11
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Krishnan U, Lijuan C, Andrew GJ, Rothenberg ME, Wen T. Analysis of eosinophilic esophagitis in children with repaired congenital esophageal atresia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:1455-1464.e2. [PMID: 30527929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been preliminarily reported in patients after repair of esophageal atresia (EA), but the basis of this association is unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to (1) characterize the EoE transcriptome in patients with EA, (2) compare the EoE transcriptome in patients with EoE and EA with that in patients with EoE alone, and (3) identify transcripts that could predispose patients with EA to EoE. METHODS This single-center, population-based, retrospective study identified 4 EoE study cohorts: healthy control subjects, patients with EA and EoE (EA+EoE+), patients with EA without EoE (EA+EoE-), and patients with EoE without EA (EA-EoE+). Molecular signatures were assessed by using the EoE diagnostic panel, a 94-gene expression quantitative PCR array. RESULTS In a cohort of 110 pediatric patients with surgically repaired EA, 20 (18%) patients were given a diagnosis of EoE, representing a 364-fold enrichment of EoE in patients with EA compared with the general pediatric population. EoE diagnostic panel analyses revealed a major overlap between the EA+EoE+ and EA-EoE+ cohorts. A proportion (approximately 25%) of EoE signature genes were dysregulated in patients with EA+EoE- compared with healthy control subjects, including those involved in epithelial barrier function and type 2-associated inflammatory responses. Patients with EA+EoE+ exhibit a more severe EoE clinical phenotype than those with EA-EoE+ in terms of dysphagia and dilation need. CONCLUSIONS Patients with EA have increased risk of EoE. Patients with EoE with EA have a similar molecular profile compared with that of patients with EoE without EA. Dysregulated baseline epithelial barrier and type 2-associated genes in EA monomorbidity might explain the higher EoE prevalence in patients with EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Krishnan
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chan Lijuan
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gifford J Andrew
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Anatomical Pathology (SEALS), Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ting Wen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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12
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Mall AS, Habte H, Mthembu Y, Peacocke J, de Beer C. Mucus and Mucins: do they have a role in the inhibition of the human immunodeficiency virus? Virol J 2017; 14:192. [PMID: 28985745 PMCID: PMC5639604 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucins are large O-linked glycosylated proteins which give mucus their gel-forming properties. There are indications that mucus and mucins in saliva, breast milk and in the cervical plug inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in an in vitro assay. Crude mucus gels form continuous layers on the epithelial surfaces of the major internal tracts of the body and protect these epithelial surfaces against aggressive luminal factors such as hydrochloric acid and pepsin proteolysis in the stomach lumen, the movement of hard faecal pellets in the colon at high pressure, the effects of shear against the vaginal epithelium during intercourse and the presence of foreign substances in the respiratory airways. Tumour-associated epitopes on mucins make them suitable as immune-targets on malignant epithelial cells, rendering mucins important as diagnostic and prognostic markers for various diseases, even influencing the design of mucin-based vaccines. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence of HIV-AIDS in the world. The main points of viral transmission are via the vaginal epithelium during sexual intercourse and mother-to-child transmission during breast-feeding. There have been many studies showing that several body fluids have components that prevent the transmission of HIV-1 from infected to non-infected persons through various forms of contact. Crude saliva and its purified mucins, MUC5B and MUC7, and the purified mucins from breast milk, MUC1 and MUC4 and pregnancy plug cervical mucus (MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B and MUC6), inhibit HIV-1 in an in vitro assay. There are conflicting reports of whether crude breast-milk inhibits HIV-1 in an in vitro assay. However studies with a humanised BLT mouse show that breast-milk does inhibit HIV and that breast-feeding is still advisable even amongst HIV-positive women in under-resourced areas, preferably in conjunction with anti-retroviral treatment. CONCLUSION These findings raise questions of how such a naturally occurring biological substance such as mucus, with remarkable protective properties of epithelial surfaces against aggressive luminal factors in delicate locations, could be used as a tool in the fight against HIV-AIDS, which has reached epidemic proportions in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Suleman Mall
- Division of General Surgery, University of Cape Town and Immune Modulation and Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Danbury, USA
| | - Habtom Habte
- Discipline of Medical Virology, University of Stellenbosch & Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, South Africa
| | - Yolanda Mthembu
- Division of General Surgery, University of Cape Town and Immune Modulation and Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Danbury, USA
| | - Julia Peacocke
- Division of General Surgery, University of Cape Town and Immune Modulation and Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Danbury, USA
| | - Corena de Beer
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Cape Town, Observatory Cape, 7925 South Africa
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13
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Cell membrane-anchored MUC4 promotes tumorigenicity in epithelial carcinomas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14147-14157. [PMID: 27829225 PMCID: PMC5355169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell surface membrane-bound mucin protein MUC4 promotes tumorigenicity, aggressive behavior, and poor outcomes in various types of epithelial carcinomas, including pancreatic, breast, colon, ovarian, and prostate cancer. This review summarizes the theories and findings regarding MUC4 function, and its role in epithelial carcinogenesis. Based on these insights, we developed an outline of the processes and mechanisms by which MUC4 critically supports the propagation and survival of cancer cells in various epithelial organs. MUC4 may therefore be a useful prognostic and diagnostic tool that improves our ability to eradicate various forms of cancer.
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14
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The Selective JAK1/3-Inhibitor R507 Mitigates Obliterative Airway Disease Both With Systemic Administration and Aerosol Inhalation. Transplantation 2017; 100:1022-31. [PMID: 26910327 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of selective Janus kinase 1/3 inhibitor R507 to prevent obliterative airway disease was analyzed in preclinical airway transplantation models. METHODS Orthotopic trachea transplantations were performed between Lewis donors and Brown Norway rat recipients. Oral everolimus (4 mg/kg once per day) or oral respective inhaled R507 (60 mg/kg twice per day, each) was used for immunosuppression. Grafts were retrieved after 6 or 60 days. Toxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of R507 were analyzed on human airway epithelial cells. RESULTS In 6-day animals, oral and inhaled R507 more potently diminished mononuclear graft infiltration than everolimus and preserved ciliated pseudostratified columnar respiratory epithelium. Everolimus and R507 similarly suppressed systemic cellular and humoral immune activation. In untreated rats, marked obliterative airway disease developed over 60 days. Oral and inhaled R507 was significantly more effective in reducing airway obliteration and preserved the morphology of the airway epithelium. Luciferase-positive donors revealed that a substantial amount of smooth muscle cells within the obliterative tissue was of donor origin. Only everolimus but not R507, adversely altered kidney function and lipid profiles. The R507 aerosol did not show airway toxicity in vitro but effectively suppressed activation of inflammatory signaling pathways induced by IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS The Janus kinase 1/3 inhibitor R507 is a very well-tolerated immunosuppressant that similarly diminished obliterative airway disease with systemic or inhaled administration.
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15
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Gautam SK, Kumar S, Cannon A, Hall B, Bhatia R, Nasser MW, Mahapatra S, Batra SK, Jain M. MUC4 mucin- a therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:657-669. [PMID: 28460571 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1323880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by mucin overexpression. MUC4 is the most differentially overexpressed membrane-bound mucin that plays a functional role in disease progression and therapy resistance. Area covered: We describe the clinicopathological significance of MUC4, summarize mechanisms contributing to its deregulated expression, review preclinical studies aimed at inhibiting MUC4, and discuss how MUC4 overexpression provides opportunities for developing targeted therapies. Finally, we discuss the challenges for developing MUC4-based therapeutics, and identify areas where efforts should be directed to effectively exploit MUC4 as a therapeutic target for PC. Expert opinion: Studies demonstrating that abrogation of MUC4 expression reduces proliferation and metastasis of PC cells and enhances sensitivity to therapeutic agents affirm its utility as a therapeutic target. Emerging evidence also supports the suitability of MUC4 as a potential immunotherapy target. However, these studies have been limited to in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo approaches using xenograft tumors in immunodeficient murine models. For translational relevance, MUC4-targeted therapies should be evaluated in murine models with intact immune system and accurate tumor microenvironment. Additionally, future studies evaluating MUC4 as a target for immunotherapy must entail characterization of immune response in PC patients and investigate its association with immunosuppression and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra K Gautam
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Andrew Cannon
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Bradley Hall
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Department of Surgery , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Rakesh Bhatia
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,d Department of Pediatrics , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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16
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Murphy TM, Wong CCY, Arseneault L, Burrage J, Macdonald R, Hannon E, Fisher HL, Ambler A, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Mill J. Methylomic markers of persistent childhood asthma: a longitudinal study of asthma-discordant monozygotic twins. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:130. [PMID: 26691723 PMCID: PMC4684622 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disorder in children. The aetiology of asthma pathology is complex and highly heterogeneous, involving the interplay between genetic and environmental risk factors that is hypothesized to involve epigenetic processes. Our aim was to explore whether methylomic variation in early childhood is associated with discordance for asthma symptoms within monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs recruited from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) longitudinal twin study. We also aimed to identify differences in DNA methylation that are associated with asthma that develops in childhood and persists into early adulthood as these may represent useful prognostic biomarkers. RESULTS We examined genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation in buccal cell samples collected from 37 MZ twin pairs discordant for asthma at age 10. DNA methylation at individual CpG sites demonstrated significant variability within discordant MZ twin pairs with the top-ranked nominally significant differentially methylated position (DMP) located in the HGSNAT gene. We stratified our analysis by assessing DNA methylation differences in a sub-group of MZ twin pairs who remained persistently discordant for asthma at age 18. The top-ranked nominally significant DMP associated with persisting asthma is located in the vicinity of the HLX gene, which has been previously implicated in childhood asthma. CONCLUSIONS We identified DNA methylation differences associated with childhood asthma in peripheral DNA samples from discordant MZ twin pairs. Our data suggest that differences in DNA methylation associated with childhood asthma which persists into early adulthood are distinct from those associated with asthma which remits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese M Murphy
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Chloe C Y Wong
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Louise Arseneault
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joe Burrage
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ruby Macdonald
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Helen L Fisher
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Antony Ambler
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Terrie E Moffitt
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK ; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC USA ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC USA
| | - Avshalom Caspi
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK ; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC USA ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK ; MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Toppila-Salmi S, van Drunen CM, Fokkens WJ, Golebski K, Mattila P, Joenvaara S, Renkonen J, Renkonen R. Molecular mechanisms of nasal epithelium in rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2015; 15:495. [PMID: 25504259 PMCID: PMC4262789 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-014-0495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis are multifactorial upper airway diseases with high prevalence. Several genetic and environmental factors are proposed to predispose to the pathogenesis of the inflammatory upper airway diseases. Still, the molecular mechanisms leading toward the onset and progression of upper airway diseases are largely unknown. The upper airway epithelium has an important role in sensing the environment and regulating the inhaled air. As such, it links environmental insults to the host immunity. Human sinonasal epithelium serves as an excellent target for observing induced early-phase events, in vivo, and with a systems biological perspective. Actually, increasing number of investigations have provided evidence that altered homeostasis in the sinonasal epithelium might be important in the chronic upper airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 21, 00014, Helsinki, Finland,
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18
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Kiwamoto T, Katoh T, Evans CM, Janssen WJ, Brummet ME, Hudson SA, Zhu Z, Tiemeyer M, Bochner BS. Endogenous airway mucins carry glycans that bind Siglec-F and induce eosinophil apoptosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 135:1329-1340.e9. [PMID: 25497369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sialic acid-binding, immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) F is a glycan-binding protein selectively expressed on mouse eosinophils. Its engagement induces apoptosis, suggesting a pathway for ameliorating eosinophilia in the setting of asthma and other eosinophil-associated diseases. Siglec-F recognizes sialylated sulfated glycans in glycan-binding assays, but the identities of endogenous sialoside ligands and their glycoprotein carriers in vivo are unknown. OBJECTIVES To use mouse lung-derived materials to isolate, biochemically identify, and biologically characterize naturally occurring endogenous glycan ligands for Siglec-F. METHODS Lungs from normal and mucin-deficient mice, as well as mouse tracheal epithelial cells, were investigated in vitro and in vivo for the expression of Siglec-F ligands. Western blotting and cytochemistry used Siglec-F-Fc as a probe for directed purification, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of recognized glycoproteins. Purified components were tested in mouse eosinophil-binding assays and flow cytometry-based cell death assays. RESULTS We detected mouse lung glycoproteins that bound to Siglec-F; binding was sialic acid dependent. Proteomic analysis of Siglec-F binding material identified Muc5b and Muc4. Cross-affinity enrichment and histochemical analysis of lungs from mucin-deficient mice assigned and validated the identity of Muc5b as one glycoprotein ligand for Siglec-F. Purified mucin preparations carried sialylated and sulfated glycans, bound to eosinophils and induced their death in vitro. Mice conditionally deficient in Muc5b displayed exaggerated eosinophilic inflammation in response to intratracheal installation of IL-13. CONCLUSIONS These data identify a previously unrecognized endogenous anti-inflammatory property of airway mucins by which their glycans can control lung eosinophilia through engagement of Siglec-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kiwamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Toshihiko Katoh
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Christopher M Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80045
| | - William J Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80045.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206
| | - Mary E Brummet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Sherry A Hudson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Michael Tiemeyer
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Bruce S Bochner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
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19
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Zhu Y, Zhang JJ, Xie KL, Tang J, Liang WB, Zhu R, Zhu Y, Wang B, Tao JQ, Zhi XF, Li Z, Gao WT, Jiang KR, Miao Y, Xu ZK. Specific-detection of clinical samples, systematic functional investigations, and transcriptome analysis reveals that splice variant MUC4/Y contributes to the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer by triggering malignancy-related positive feedback loops signaling. J Transl Med 2014; 12:309. [PMID: 25367394 PMCID: PMC4236435 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MUC4 plays important roles in the malignant progression of human pancreatic cancer. But the huge length of MUC4 gene fragment restricts its functional and mechanism research. As one of its splice variants, MUC4/Y with coding sequence is most similar to that of the full-length MUC4 (FL-MUC4), together with alternative splicing of the MUC4 transcript has been observed in pancreatic carcinomas but not in normal pancreas. So we speculated that MUC4/Y might be involved in malignant progression similarly to FL-MUC4, and as a research model of MUC4 in pancreatic cancer. The conjecture was confirmed in the present study. Methods MUC4/Y expression was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using gene-specific probe in the clinic samples. The effects of MUC4/Y were observed by serial in vitro and in vivo experiments based on stable over-expressed cell model. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by sequence-based transcriptome analysis and verified by qRT-PCR, Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results The detection of clinical samples indicates that MUC4/Y is significantly positive-correlated with tumor invasion and distant metastases. Based on stable forced-expressed pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cell model, functional studies show that MUC4/Y enhances malignant activity in vitro and in vivo, including proliferation under low-nutritional-pressure, resistance to apoptosis, motility, invasiveness, angiogenesis, and distant metastasis. Mechanism studies indicate the novel finding that MUC4/Y triggers malignancy-related positive feedback loops for concomitantly up-regulating the expression of survival factors to resist adverse microenvironment and increasing the expression of an array of cytokines and adhesion molecules to affect the tumor milieu. Conclusions In light of the enormity of the potential regulatory circuitry in cancer afforded by MUC4 and/or MUC4/Y, repressing MUC4 transcription, inhibiting post-transcriptional regulation, including alternative splicing, or blocking various pathways simultaneously may be helpful for controlling malignant progression. MUC4/Y- expression model is proven to a valuable tool for the further dissection of MUC4-mediated functions and mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-014-0309-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun-Ling Xie
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Biao Liang
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Qiu Tao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Zhi
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Tao Gao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kui-Rong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ze-Kuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tumor Biology, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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Guggulsterone decreases proliferation and metastatic behavior of pancreatic cancer cells by modulating JAK/STAT and Src/FAK signaling. Cancer Lett 2013; 341:166-77. [PMID: 23920124 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate efficacy, high toxicity and drug resistance associated with existing chemotherapeutic agents mandate a need for novel therapeutic strategies for highly aggressive Pancreatic Cancer (PC). Guggulsterone (GS) exhibits potent anti-proliferative effects against various cancer cells and has emerged as an attractive candidate for use in complementary or preventive cancer therapies. However, the knowledge regarding the therapeutic potential of GS in PC is still limited and needs to be explored. We studied the effect of GS on PC cell growth, motility and invasion and elucidated the molecular mechanisms associated with its anti-tumor effects. Treatment of Capan1 and CD18/HPAF PC cells with GS resulted in dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition and decreased colony formation. Further, GS treatment induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as assessed by Annexin-V assay and FACS analysis. Increased apoptosis following GS treatment was accompanied with Bad dephosphorylation and its translocation to the mitochondria, increased Caspase-3 activation, decreased Cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and xIAP expression. Additionally, GS treatment decreased motility and invasion of PC cells by disrupting cytoskeletal organization, inhibiting activation of FAK and Src signaling and decreased MMP9 expression. More importantly, GS treatment decreased mucin MUC4 expression in Capan1 and CD18/HPAF cells through transcriptional regulation by inhibiting Jak/STAT pathway. In conclusion, our results support the utility of GS as a potential therapeutic agent for lethal PC.
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Walford HH, Doherty TA. STAT6 and lung inflammation. JAKSTAT 2013; 2:e25301. [PMID: 24416647 PMCID: PMC3876430 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.25301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung inflammation has many etiologies, including diseases of Th2-type immunity, such as asthma and anti-parasitic responses. Inflammatory diseases of the lung involve complex interactions among structural cells (airway epithelium, smooth muscle, and fibroblasts) and immune cells (B and T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and innate lymphoid cells). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) has been demonstrated to regulate many pathologic features of lung inflammatory responses in animal models including airway eosinophilia, epithelial mucus production, smooth muscle changes, Th2 cell differentiation, and IgE production from B cells. Cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 that are upstream of STAT6 are found elevated in human asthma and clinical trials are underway to therapeutically target the IL-4/IL-13/STAT6 pathway. Additionally, recent work suggests that STAT6 may also regulate lung anti-viral responses and contribute to pulmonary fibrosis. This review will focus on the role of STAT6 in lung diseases and mechanisms by which STAT6 controls immune and structural lung cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah H Walford
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA USA ; Department of Pediatrics; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Taylor A Doherty
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA USA
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22
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Sakai O, Tamada Y, Shearer TR, Azuma M. Involvement of NFκB in the production of chemokines by rat and human conjunctival cells cultured under allergenic conditions. Curr Eye Res 2013; 38:825-34. [PMID: 23621293 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2013.780623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of present studies was to determine the involvement of NFκB and STAT6 transcription factors in the production of cytokines by the fibroblasts and epithelial cells in conjunctiva. METHODS An in vitro model of allergic conjunctivitis was developed by sensitizing and challenging rat mast cells with anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE and DNP-BSA, and then using the conditioned medium to stimulate rat conjunctival fibroblasts. Chemokines (eotaxin-1, IL-8, and RANTES -- Regulated and Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) released from cells into the medium was determined by ELISA. Human conjunctival fibroblasts and epithelial cells were also directly stimulated with exogenous cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α or IL-4. Degradation of IκB-α and phosphorylation of STAT6 were assessed by immunoblotting. For inhibition of NFκB or STAT6 activation, upstream regulators IκB kinase and Janus protein tyrosine kinases (JAK) were inhibited by use of BMS-345541 and JAK inhibitor 1. An in vivo model of conjunctivitis was also produced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OA) with aluminum hydroxide and challenge at 21 d with OA eye drops. RESULTS Stimulated rat mast cells released TNF-α and IL-4. TNF-α induced NFκB activation in rat and human conjunctival fibroblasts and epithelial cells, and caused production and release of cytokines IL-8 and RANTES. IL-4 activation of STAT6 did not cause release of these cytokines. Only fibroblasts produced the eosinophil-recruiting cytokine, eotaxin-1, after treatment with TNF-α- plus IL-4. As observed in the cultured cells, allergic stimulation in the in vivo model caused degradation of IκB-α in conjunctiva, and infiltration of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION Activated NFκB was found to be a major transcription factor for the release of cytokines from conjunctival cells and intensification of the allergic response. Inhibition of the NFκB pathway by therapeutic drugs may be an important objective for the treatment of human allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Sakai
- Senju Laboratory of Ocular Sciences, Senju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Kobe, Japan
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23
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Chen AC, Migliaccio I, Rimawi M, Lopez-Tarruella S, Creighton CJ, Massarweh S, Huang C, Wang YC, Batra SK, Gutierrez MC, Osborne CK, Schiff R. Upregulation of mucin4 in ER-positive/HER2-overexpressing breast cancer xenografts with acquired resistance to endocrine and HER2-targeted therapies. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 134:583-93. [PMID: 22644656 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We studied resistance to endocrine and HER2-targeted therapies using a xenograft model of estrogen receptor positive (ER)/HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. Here, we report a novel phenotype of drug resistance in this model. MCF7/HER2-18 xenografts were treated with endocrine therapy alone or in combination with lapatinib and trastuzumab (LT) to inhibit HER2. Archival tumor tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with mucicarmine. RNA extracted from tumors at early time points and late after acquired resistance were analyzed for mucin4 (MUC4) expression by microarray and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. Protein expression of the MUC4, ER, and HER2 signaling pathways was measured by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The combination of the potent anti-HER2 regimen LT with either tamoxifen (Tam + LT) or estrogen deprivation (ED + LT) can cause complete eradication of ER-positive/HER2-overexpressing tumors in mice. Tumors developing resistance to this combination, as well as those acquiring resistance to endocrine therapy alone, exhibited a distinct histological and molecular phenotype-a striking increase in mucin-filled vacuoles and upregulation of several mucins including MUC4. At the onset of resistance, MUC4 mRNA and protein were increased. These tumors also showed upregulation and reactivation of HER2 signaling, while losing ER protein and the estrogen-regulated gene progesterone receptor. Mucins are upregulated in a preclinical model of ER-positive/HER2-overexpressing breast cancer as resistance develops to the combination of endocrine and anti-HER2 therapy. These mucin-rich tumors reactivate the HER2 pathway and shift their molecular phenotype to become more ER-negative/HER2-positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert C Chen
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Raja SB, Murali MR, Devaraj H, Devaraj SN. Differential expression of gastric MUC5AC in colonic epithelial cells: TFF3-wired IL1 β/Akt crosstalk-induced mucosal immune response against Shigella dysenteriae infection. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:703-13. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An understanding of the signaling mechanism(s) that regulate the differential expression of gastric mucin MUC5AC in colonic epithelial cells would contribute significantly to investigations of its role in colonic mucosa infected with the bacterial pathogen Shigella dysenteriae. Here we show that S. dysenteriae-Sinduced expression of interleukin-1β upregulates MUC2 expression and the differential expression of MUC5AC. Differential expression of MUC5AC involves crosstalk between interleukin-1β and Akt, whereby the trefoil factor family peptide TFF3 activates Akt by phosphorylation of EGFR. TFF3 also downregulates E-cadherin expression, causing accumulation of β-catenin in the cytosol. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β (inactivated) by activated Akt inhibits ubiquitylation of β-catenin, leading to its nuclear translocation, which then induces the expression of MUC5AC and cyclin D1. Accumulation of cyclin D1 alters the cell cycle, promoting cell survival and proliferation. Human colon HT29MTX cells, which overexpress MUC5AC, were resistant to adherence and invasion of S. dysenteriae when compared with other mucin-secreting HT29 cell types. Thus, during infection with S. dysenteriae, crosstalk between interleukin-1β and Akt wired by TFF3 induces expression of MUC5AC in colonic epithelial cells. Differentially expressed gastric MUC5AC aids in mucosal clearance of S. dysenteriae, inhibiting adherence and invasion of the pathogen to colonic epithelial cells, which protects the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramaniya Bharathi Raja
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Malliga Raman Murali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Halagowder Devaraj
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, Tamilnadu, x
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Dietary zinc oxide affects the expression of genes associated with inflammation: Transcriptome analysis in piglets challenged with ETEC K88. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010; 137:120-9. [PMID: 20605641 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The post-weaning growth check in commercial pig production systems is often associated with gastrointestinal infection, in particular that caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. Pharmacological doses of zinc oxide (ZnO) in the post-weaning diet reduce the incidence of diarrhoea and improve piglet performance. In the present study, piglets reared indoors or outdoors and weaned onto diets with or without pharmacological levels of ZnO were orally challenged with ETEC K88. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on RNA extracted from jejunal lamina propria and Peyer's patch samples, to compare expression of a variety of candidate genes between treatments. Candidate genes were selected from an initial microarray study using pooled RNA to identify differentially expressed genes. Dietary treatment with ZnO was associated with significant differences in the transcript abundance of several genes. Zinc supplementation was associated with a marked decrease in expression of immune response genes concerned with inflammation, and possibly related to the stage of infection. Interestingly, evidence was also obtained that a reduced level of MUC4 (a proposed ETEC K88 receptor) was associated with zinc supplementation suggesting a mechanism that might influence ETEC infection. These findings indicate that zinc oxide supplementation may reduce the level of inflammation caused by ETEC challenge.
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Carraway KL, Theodoropoulos G, Kozloski GA, Carothers Carraway CA. Muc4/MUC4 functions and regulation in cancer. Future Oncol 2010; 5:1631-40. [PMID: 20001800 DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane mucin MUC4 (human) is abundantly expressed in many epithelia, where it is proposed to play a protective role, and is overexpressed in some epithelial tumors. Studies on the rat homologue, Muc4, indicate that it acts through anti-adhesive or signaling mechanisms. In particular, Muc4/MUC4 can serve as a ligand/modulator of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2, regulating its phosphorylation and the phosphorylation of its partner ErbB3, with or without the involvement of the ErbB3 ligand neuregulin. Muc4/MUC4 can also modulate cell apoptosis via multiple mechanisms, both ErbB2 dependent and independent. Muc4/MUC4 expression is regulated by multiple mechanisms, ranging from transcriptional to post-translational. The roles of MUC4 in tumors suggest that it may be valuable as a tumor marker or target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kermit L Carraway
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Chiu PR, Lee WT, Chu YT, Lee MS, Jong YJ, Hung CH. Effect of the Chinese herb extract osthol on IL-4-induced eotaxin expression in BEAS-2B cells. Pediatr Neonatol 2008; 49:135-40. [PMID: 19054919 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-9572(08)60028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is an allergic inflammatory disease of the airways. The interaction between bronchial epithelial cells and eosinophils is an important feature of an asthma attack. Eotaxin, an eosinophil-specific C-C chemokine, is a potent chemoattractant involved in the mobilization of eosinophils into the airway after allergic stimulation. Cnidii monnieri fructus, the dried fruit of Cnidium monnieri Cusson, has been used as an antipruritogenic agent in ancient China. OsthoL is the major component of Cnidii monnieri fructus extract. We investigated the ability of osthol to regulate cytokine-induced eotaxin expression in the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. METHODS BEAS-2B cells were pretreated with osthol at different concentrations (0.1-10 microM), and then stimulated with interleukin (IL)-4 alone, or in combination with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Eotaxin levels were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) expressions were evaluated by Western blotting, to detect possible intracellular signal transduction. RESULTS IL-4 and TNF-alpha significantly induced eotaxin expression in BEAS-2B cells. Expression of eotaxin was suppressed by osthol (0.1-10 microM) in a dose-dependent manner. Osthol did not suppress IL-4-induced p38, ERK or JNK expression. Osthol did suppress IL-4-induced STAT6 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Osthol suppressed IL-4-induced eotaxin in BEAS-2B cells via inhibition of STAT6 expression. This data suggest that osthol might have potential for treating allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Rong Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
Mucins are important components that exert a variety of functions in cell-cell interaction, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, and airways protection. In the conducting airways of the lungs, mucins are the major contributor to the viscoelastic property of mucous secretion, which is the major barrier to trapping inhaled microbial organism, particulates, and oxidative pollutants. The homeostasis of mucin production is an important feature in conducting airways for the maintenance of mucociliary function. Aberrant mucin secretion and accumulation in airway lumen are clinical hallmarks associated with various lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, and lung cancer. Among 20 known mucin genes identified, 11 of them have been verified at either the mRNA and/or protein level in airways. The regulation of mucin genes is complicated, as are the mediators and signaling pathways. This review summarizes the current view on the mediators, the signaling pathways, and the transcriptional units that are involved in the regulation of airway mucin gene expression. In addition, we also point out essential features of epigenetic mechanisms for the regulation of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Thai
- Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Abstract
Cell surface mucins are large transmembrane glycoproteins involved in diverse functions ranging from shielding the airway epithelium against pathogenic infection to regulating cellular signaling and transcription. Although hampered by the relatively recent characterization of cell surface mucins and the difficulties inherent in working with molecules of their size, numerous studies have placed the tethered mucins in the thick of normal and diseased lung physiology. This review focuses on the three best-characterized cell surface mucins expressed in the respiratory tract: MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Hattrup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AR 85259, USA
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30
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Borowski A, Kuepper M, Horn U, Knüpfer U, Zissel G, Höhne K, Luttmann W, Krause S, Virchow JC, Friedrich K. Interleukin-13 acts as an apoptotic effector on lung epithelial cells and induces pro-fibrotic gene expression in lung fibroblasts. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38:619-28. [PMID: 18266877 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.02944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-13 promotes acute allergic asthma and is discussed to play a role in late asthmatic features such as fibrotic processes and airway remodelling. The contributions of IL-13-mediated mechanisms to subepithelial events related to fibrosis are not yet settled. OBJECTIVE We investigated the impact of IL-13 on lung epithelial cells as apoptotic effector and on lung fibroblasts as inducer of pro-fibrotic gene expression. METHODS Using the two lung epithelial cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B as well as primary lung epithelial cells, we investigated the capability of IL-13 to induce apoptosis by both flow-cytometry and ELISA. The ability of IL-13 to increase the expression of pro-fibrotic genes and to exert influence on the expression of its own receptor was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR measurement of mRNAs encoding collagen I, collagen III, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and the IL-13 receptor alpha1 (IL-13Ralpha1) chain in human primary lung fibroblasts. The specificity of IL-13-mediated cellular responses was confirmed by means of an inhibitory monoclonal antibody directed to the IL-13 receptor. RESULTS IL-13 induces apoptosis in lung epithelial cell lines as well as in primary lung epithelial cells. Furthermore, IL-13 increases the expression of mRNA for alpha-SMA and collagen III, but not for bFGF in human primary lung fibroblasts. The susceptibility of lung fibroblasts to IL-13-induced up-regulation of pro-fibrotic genes is associated with the regulation of IL-13 receptor expression. IL-13-dependent fibrosis-associated effects could be inhibited by antibody-mediated blockade of the IL-13Ralpha1 subunit. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a function of IL-13 as a mediator in fibrotic processes leading to loss of functional airway tissue in asthma. They also highlight the therapeutic potential of specifically targeting the interaction between IL-13 and its receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Borowski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Jena Medical School, Jena, Germany
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31
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Linden SK, Sutton P, Karlsson NG, Korolik V, McGuckin MA. Mucins in the mucosal barrier to infection. Mucosal Immunol 2008; 1:183-97. [PMID: 19079178 PMCID: PMC7100821 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2008.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 798] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal tissues of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary tracts, and the surface of the eye present an enormous surface area to the exterior environment. All of these tissues are covered with resident microbial flora, which vary considerably in composition and complexity. Mucosal tissues represent the site of infection or route of access for the majority of viruses, bacteria, yeast, protozoa, and multicellular parasites that cause human disease. Mucin glycoproteins are secreted in large quantities by mucosal epithelia, and cell surface mucins are a prominent feature of the apical glycocalyx of all mucosal epithelia. In this review, we highlight the central role played by mucins in accommodating the resident commensal flora and limiting infectious disease, interplay between underlying innate and adaptive immunity and mucins, and the strategies used by successful mucosal pathogens to subvert or avoid the mucin barrier, with a particular focus on bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Linden
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mucosal Diseases Program, Mater Medical Research Institute and The University of Queensland, Level 3 Aubigny Place, Mater Hospitals, South Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - P Sutton
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - N G Karlsson
- grid.6142.10000 0004 0488 0789Department of Chemistry, Centre for BioAnalytical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - V Korolik
- grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland Australia
| | - M A McGuckin
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Mucosal Diseases Program, Mater Medical Research Institute and The University of Queensland, Level 3 Aubigny Place, Mater Hospitals, South Brisbane, Queensland Australia
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Smirnova OV, Ostroukhova TY, Bogorad RL. JAK-STAT pathway in carcinogenesis: Is it relevant to cholangiocarcinoma progression. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:6478-91. [PMID: 18161917 PMCID: PMC4611286 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i48.6478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The features of JAK-STAT signaling in liver cells are discussed in the current review. The role of this signaling cascade in carcinogenesis is accentuated. The possible involvement of this pathway and alteration of its elements are compared for normal cholangiocytes, cholangiocarcinoma predisposition and development. Prolactin and interleukin-6 are described in detail as the best studied examples. In addition, the non-classical nuclear translocation of cytokine receptors is discussed in terms of its possible implication to cholangiocarcinoma development.
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Chaturvedi P, Singh AP, Batra SK. Structure, evolution, and biology of the MUC4 mucin. FASEB J 2007; 22:966-81. [PMID: 18024835 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-9673rev] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mucins are high-molecular-weight glycoproteins and are implicated in diverse biological functions. MUC4, a member of transmembrane mucin family, is expressed in airway epithelial cells and body fluids like saliva, tear film, ear fluid, and breast milk. In addition to its normal expression, an aberrant expression of MUC4 has been reported in a variety of carcinomas. Among various potential domains of MUC4, epidermal growth factor (EGF) -like domains are hypothesized to interact with and activate the ErbB2 receptors, suggesting an intramembrane-growth factor function for MUC4. The heavily glycosylated tandem repeat domain provides the structural rigidity to the extended extracellular region. MUC4, by virtue of its extended structure, serves as a barrier for some cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions and as a potential reservoir for certain growth factors. An intricate relationship between MUC4 and growth factor signaling is also reflected in the transcriptional regulation of MUC4. The MUC4 promoter has binding sites for different transcription factors, which are responsible for the regulation of its expression in different tissues. The interferon-gamma, retinoic acid, and transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathways regulate MUC4 expression in a partially interdependent manner. Taken together, all of these features of MUC4 strongly support its role as a potential candidate for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Chaturvedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
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El Homsi M, Ducroc R, Claustre J, Jourdan G, Gertler A, Estienne M, Bado A, Scoazec JY, Plaisancié P. Leptin modulates the expression of secreted and membrane-associated mucins in colonic epithelial cells by targeting PKC, PI3K, and MAPK pathways. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007; 293:G365-73. [PMID: 17495032 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00091.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mucins play an essential role in the protection and repair of gastrointestinal mucosa. We recently showed that luminal leptin strongly stimulated mucin secretion in vivo in rat colon. In the present study, we challenged the hypothesis that leptin may act directly on goblet cells to induce mucin expression in rat and human intestinal mucin-producing cells (DHE and HT29-MTX). The endoluminal effect of leptin was also studied in vivo in rat perfused colon model. The presence of leptin receptors was demonstrated in the two cell lines by Western blot and RT-PCR. In rat DHE cells, leptin (0.01-10 nmol/l, 60 min) dose dependently increased the secretion of mucins (210 +/- 3% of controls) and the expression of Muc2, Muc3, and Muc4 (twofold basal level) but not of Muc1 and Muc5AC. Luminal perfusion of leptin (60 min, 0.1-100 nmol/l) in rat colon also increased the mRNA level of Muc2, Muc3, and Muc4 but not of Muc1. In human HT29-MTX cells, leptin (0.01-10 nmol/l, 60 min) dose dependently enhanced MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC4 mRNA levels. These effects were prevented by pretreatment of cells with the leptin mutein L39A/D40A/F41A, which acts as a receptor antagonist. Finally, pathway inhibition experiments suggest that leptin increased mucin expression by activating PKC-, phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase-, and MAPK-dependent pathways but not the JAK/STAT pathway. In conclusion, leptin may contribute significantly to membrane-associated and secreted mucin production via a direct stimulation of colonic epithelial cells and the activation of leptin receptors. These data are consistent with a role for leptin in regulation of the intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud El Homsi
- INSERM UMR865, Faculté de Médecine R. Laennec, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69008 Lyon, France
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Theodoropoulos G, Carraway KL. Molecular signaling in the regulation of mucins. J Cell Biochem 2007; 102:1103-16. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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