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Hu H, Sun N, Du H, He Y, Pan K, Liu X, Lu X, Wei J, Liao M, Duan C. Mouse promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) regulates hepatic lipid and glucose homeostasis dependent on SIRT1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1039726. [PMID: 36438786 PMCID: PMC9684722 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1039726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) promotes the expression of gluconeogenic genes and hepatic glucose output, which leads to hyperglycemia. However, the role played by PLZF in regulating lipid metabolism is not known. In this study, we aimed to examine the function of PLZF in regulating hepatic lipid and glucose homeostasis and the underlying mechanisms. The expression of PLZF was determined in different mouse models with regard to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the next step, adenoviruses that express PLZF (Ad-PLZF) or PLZF-specific shRNA (Ad-shPLZF) were utilized to alter PLZF expression in mouse livers and in primary hepatocytes. For the phenotype of the fatty liver, histologic and biochemical analyses of hepatic triglyceride (TG), serum TG and cholesterol levels were carried out. The underlying molecular mechanism for the regulation of lipid metabolism by PLZF was further explored using luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP analysis. The results demonstrated that PLZF expression was upregulated in livers derived from ob/ob, db/db and diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. Liver PLZF-overexpressing C57BL/6J mice showed fatty liver phenotype, liver inflammation, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, hepatic PLZF knockdown in db/db and DIO mice alleviated hepatic steatosis. Of note, we found that PLZF activates SREBP-1c gene transcription through binding directly to the promoter fragment of this gene, which would induce a repressor-to-activator conversion depending on its interaction with SIRT1 in the role played by PLZF in the transcription process through deacetylation. Thus, PLZF is identified as an essential regulator of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism, where the modulation of its liver expression could open up a therapeutic path for treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Du
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing He
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunyi Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Wei, ; Mianmian Liao, ; Chaohui Duan,
| | - Mianmian Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Wei, ; Mianmian Liao, ; Chaohui Duan,
| | - Chaohui Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Wei, ; Mianmian Liao, ; Chaohui Duan,
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Inhibitory Potential of Shen-Shuai-Ling Formulation on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis via Upregulation of PLZF. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5967804. [PMID: 35399631 PMCID: PMC8991406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5967804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is an important cause of kidney disease, which seriously affects people's health. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Shen-Shuai-Ling Formulation (SSLF) has obvious kidney function. However, the therapeutic effect of SSLF on RIF and its molecular mechanism are still unclear. Methods First, the potential targets and pathways of SSLF for RIF were predicted by network pharmacology, and then, the binding of luteolin and target protein to SSLF was verified by molecular docking and Co-IP experiments. Finally, the effects of SSLF and luteolin on PLZF and (Pro) renin receptor (PRR) were verified by western blot and qPCR experiments. Angiotensin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were the indexes of renal interstitial fibrosis. Results Through the drug-active component-target network diagram, we found that luteolin has the most connections, and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) is the target protein. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of targets were performed using Cytoscape ClueGO. Molecular docking experiments and Co-IP are used to prove that luteolin and PLZF can be combined. Western blot and qPCR results showed that both SSLF and luteolin significantly upregulated the expression of PLZF and decreased the levels of PRR, Ang-1, Ang-2, and TGF-β. The overexpression of PLZF decreased the expression of PRR, the knockdown of PLZF increased the expression of PRR, and the overexpression of PRR decreased the expression of Ang-1, Ang-2, and TGF-β. Conclusions SSLF inhibits PRR and renal interstitial fibers by the upregulation of PLZF levels.
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Hsu YH, Chen YC, Chen YW, Chiu TH, Kuo YT, Chen CH. Far-infrared radiation prevents decline in β-cell mass and function in diabetic mice via the mitochondria-mediated Sirtuin1 pathway. Metabolism 2020; 104:154143. [PMID: 31927009 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Insulin deficiency in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) involves a decline in both pancreatic β-cell mass and function. Enhancing β-cell preservation represents an important therapeutic strategy to treat type 2 DM. Far-infrared (FIR) radiation has been found to induce promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) activation to protect the vascular endothelium in diabetic mice. The influence of FIR on β-cell preservation is unknown. Our previous study reveals that the biologically effective wavelength of FIR is 8-10 μm. In the present study, we investigated the biological effects of FIR (8-10 μm) on both survival and insulin secretion function of β-cells. FIR reduced pancreatic islets loss and increased insulin secretion in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced DM mice, but only promoted insulin secretion in DM PLZF-/- mice. FIR-upregulated PLZF to induce an anti-apoptotic effect in a β cell line RIN-m5f. FIR also upregulated mitochondrial function and the ratio of NAD+/NADH, and then induced Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) expression. The mitochondria Complex I inhibitor rotenone blocked FIR-induced PLZF and Sirt1. The Sirt1 inhibitor EX527 and Sirt1 siRNA inhibited FIR-induced PLZF and insulin respectively. Sirt1 upregulation also increased CaV1.2 expression and calcium influx that promotes insulin secretion in β-cells. In summary, FIR-enhanced mitochondrial function prevents β-cell apoptosis and enhances insulin secretion in DM mice through the Sirt1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ho Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ting Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
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Far-infrared protects vascular endothelial cells from advanced glycation end products-induced injury via PLZF-mediated autophagy in diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40442. [PMID: 28071754 PMCID: PMC5223182 DOI: 10.1038/srep40442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetic patients induces vascular endothelial injury. Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) is a transcription factor that can be activated by low-temperature far-infrared (FIR) irradiation to exert beneficial effects on the vascular endothelium. In the present study, we investigated the influence of FIR-induced PLZF activation on AGE-induced endothelial injury both in vitro and in vivo. FIR irradiation inhibited AGE-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). PLZF activation increased the expression of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K), which are important kinases in the autophagic signaling pathway. FIR-induced PLZF activation led to autophagy in HUVEC, which was mediated through the upregulation of PI3K. Immunofluorescence staining showed that AGEs were engulfed by HUVECs and localized to lysosomes. FIR-induced autophagy promoted AGEs degradation in HUVECs. In nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, FIR therapy reduced serum AGEs and AGEs deposition at the vascular endothelium. FIR therapy also reduced diabetes-induced inflammatory markers in the vascular endothelium and improved vascular endothelial function. These protective effects of FIR therapy were not found in PLZF-knockout mice. Our data suggest that FIR-induced PLZF activation in vascular endothelial cells protects the vascular endothelium in diabetic mice from AGE-induced injury.
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Liu TM, Lee EH, Lim B, Shyh-Chang N. Concise Review: Balancing Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation with PLZF. Stem Cells 2016; 34:277-87. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ming Liu
- Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Eng Hin Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; National University of Singapore; Singapore
- NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP); National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Bing Lim
- Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology; Genome Institute of Singapore; Singapore
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Chen S, Qian J, Shi X, Gao T, Liang T, Liu C. Control of hepatic gluconeogenesis by the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 28:1987-98. [PMID: 25333514 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) protein is involved in major biological processes including energy metabolism, although its role remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that hepatic PLZF expression was induced in fasted or diabetic mice. PLZF promoted gluconeogenic gene expression and hepatic glucose output, leading to hyperglycemia. In contrast, hepatic PLZF knockdown improved glucose homeostasis in db/db mice. Mechanistically, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and the glucocorticoid receptor synergistically activated PLZF expression. We conclude that PLZF is a critical regulator of hepatic gluconeogenesis. PLZF manipulation may benefit the treatment of metabolic diseases associated with gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences (S.C., J.Q., X.S., T.G., T.L., C.L.), Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (C.L.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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Krupková M, Liška F, Sedová L, Křenová D, Křen V, Seda O. Pharmacogenomic analysis of retinoic-acid induced dyslipidemia in congenic rat model. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:172. [PMID: 25403085 PMCID: PMC4247747 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, tretinoin) is a vitamin A derivative commonly used in the treatment of diverse conditions ranging from cancer to acne. In a fraction of predisposed individuals, the administration of ATRA is accompanied by variety of adverse metabolic effects, particularly by the induction of hyperlipidemia. We have previously derived a minimal congenic SHR.PD-(D8Rat42-D8Arb23)/Cub (SHR-Lx) strain sensitive to ATRA-induced increase of triacylglycerols and cholesterol under condition of high-sucrose diet. SHR-Lx differs only by 7 genes of polydactylous rat (PD/Cub) origin from its spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) progenitor strain. Methods Adult male rats of SHR and SHR-Lx strains were fed standard diet (STD) and experimental groups were subsequently treated with ATRA (15 mg/kg) via oral gavage for 16 days, while still on STD. We contrasted the metabolic profiles (including free fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TG) and cholesterol (C) in 20 lipoprotein fractions) between SHR and SHR-Lx under conditions of standard diet and standard diet + ATRA. We performed transcriptomic analysis of muscle tissue (m. soleus) in all groups using Affymetrix GeneChip Rat Gene 2.0 ST Arrays followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and real-time PCR validation. Results In response to ATRA, SHR-Lx reacted with substantially greater rise in TG and C concentrations throughout the lipoprotein spectrum (two-way ANOVA strain * RA interaction significant for C content in chylomicrons (CM), VLDL and LDL as well as total, CM and HDL-TG). Conclusions According to our modeling of metabolic and signalization pathways using differentially expressed genes we have identified a network with major nodes (including Sirt3, Il1b, Cpt1b and Pparg) likely to underlie the observed strain specific response to ATRA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-172) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ondřej Seda
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and the General Teaching Hospital, Albertov 4, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Much of what we know about the role of epigenetics in the determination of phenotype has come from studies of inbred mice. Some unusual expression patterns arising from endogenous and transgenic murine alleles, such as the Agouti coat color alleles, have allowed the study of variegation, variable expressivity, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, parent-of-origin effects, and position effects. These phenomena have taught us much about gene silencing and the probabilistic nature of epigenetic processes. Based on some of these alleles, large-scale mutagenesis screens have broadened our knowledge of epigenetic control by identifying and characterizing novel genes involved in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnie Blewitt
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, 3052 Victoria, Australia
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Vansandt LM, Pukazhenthi BS, Keefer CL. Molecular Markers of Spermatogonial Stem Cells in the Domestic Cat. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 6:256-60. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- LM Vansandt
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences; University of Maryland; College Park; MD; USA
| | - BS Pukazhenthi
- Center for Species Survival; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Front Royal; VA; USA
| | - CL Keefer
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences; University of Maryland; College Park; MD; USA
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Abstract
The BTB-ZF (broad-complex, tramtrack and bric-à-brac--zinc finger) proteins are encoded by at least 49 genes in mouse and man and commonly serve as sequence-specific silencers of gene expression. This review will focus on the known physiological functions of mammalian BTB-ZF proteins, which include essential roles in the development of the immune system. We discuss their function in terminally differentiated lymphocytes and the progenitors that give rise to them, their action in hematopoietic malignancy and roles beyond the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Siggs
- Department of Genetics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Weiss J, Hurley LA, Harris RM, Finlayson C, Tong M, Fisher LA, Moran JL, Beier DR, Mason C, Jameson JL. ENU mutagenesis in mice identifies candidate genes for hypogonadism. Mamm Genome 2012; 23:346-55. [PMID: 22258617 PMCID: PMC3358541 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-011-9388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide mutagenesis was performed in mice to identify candidate genes for male infertility, for which the predominant causes remain idiopathic. Mice were mutagenized using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), bred, and screened for phenotypes associated with the male urogenital system. Fifteen heritable lines were isolated and chromosomal loci were assigned using low-density genome-wide SNP arrays. Ten of the 15 lines were pursued further using higher-resolution SNP analysis to narrow the candidate gene regions. Exon sequencing of candidate genes identified mutations in mice with cystic kidneys (Bicc1), cryptorchidism (Rxfp2), restricted germ cell deficiency (Plk4), and severe germ cell deficiency (Prdm9). In two other lines with severe hypogonadism, candidate sequencing failed to identify mutations, suggesting defects in genes with previously undocumented roles in gonadal function. These genomic intervals were sequenced in their entirety and a candidate mutation was identified in SnrpE in one of the two lines. The line harboring the SnrpE variant retains substantial spermatogenesis despite small testis size, an unusual phenotype. In addition to the reproductive defects, heritable phenotypes were observed in mice with ataxia (Myo5a), tremors (Pmp22), growth retardation (unknown gene), and hydrocephalus (unknown gene). These results demonstrate that the ENU screen is an effective tool for identifying potential causes of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Weiss
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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A corticosteroid-responsive transcription factor, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein, mediates protection of the cochlea from acoustic trauma. J Neurosci 2011; 31:735-41. [PMID: 21228182 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3955-10.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals can be induced to resist cochlear damage associated with acoustic trauma by exposure to a variety of "conditioning" stimuli, including restraint stress, moderate level sound, heat stress, hypoxia, and corticosteroids. Here we identify in mice a corticosteroid-responsive transcription factor, PLZF (promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein), which mediates conditioned protection of the cochlea from acoustic trauma. PLZF mRNA levels in the cochlea are increased following conditioning stimuli, including restraint stress, dexamethasone administration, and moderate-to-high level acoustic stimulation. Heterozygous mutant (luxoid.Zbtb16(LU)/J) mice deficient in PLZF have hearing and responses to acoustic trauma similar to their wild type littermates but are unable to generate conditioning-induced protection from acoustic trauma. PLZF immunoreactivity is present in the spiral ganglion, lateral wall of the cochlea, and organ of Corti, all targets for acoustic trauma. PLZF is also present in the brain and PLZF mRNA in brain is elevated following conditioning stimuli. The identification of a transcription factor that mediates conditioned protection from trauma provides a tool for understanding the protective action of corticosteroids, which are widely used in treating acute hearing loss, and has relevance to understanding the role of corticosteroids in trauma protection.
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