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Pekkoc-Uyanik KC, Aslan EI, Kilicarslan O, Ser OS, Ozyildirim S, Yanar F, Yildiz A, Ozturk O, Yilmaz-Aydogan H. Next-generation sequencing of prolidase gene identifies novel and common variants associated with low prolidase in coronary artery ectasia. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1349-1365. [PMID: 36462085 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased collagen biosynthesis and increased collagenolysis can cause ectasia progression in the arterial walls. Prolidase is a key enzyme in collagen synthesis; a decrease in prolidase activity or level may decrease collagen biosynthesis, which may contribute to ectasia formation. Considering that, the variations in PEPD gene encoding prolidase enzyme were evaluated by analyzing next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the first time together with known risk factors in coronary artery ectasia (CAE) patients. METHODS Molecular analysis of the PEPD gene was performed on genomic DNA by NGS in 76 CAE patients and 76 controls. The serum levels of prolidase were measured by the sandwich-ELISA technique. RESULTS Serum prolidase levels were significantly lower in CAE group compared to control group, and it was significantly lower in males than females in both groups (p < 0.001). On the other hand, elevated prolidase levels were observed in CAE patients in the presence of diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.05) and hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the low prolidase level (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.02) and hyperlipidemia (p < 0.012) were significantly associated with increased CAE risk. We identified four missense mutations in the PEPD gene, namely G296S, T266A, P365L and S134C (novel) that could be associated with CAE. The pathogenicity of these mutations was predicted to be "damaging" for G296S, S134C and P365L, but "benign" for T266A. We also identified a novel 5'UTR variation (Chr19:34012748 G>A) in one patient who had a low prolidase level. In addition, rs17570 and rs1061338 common variations of the PEPD gene were associated with low prolidase levels in CAE patients, while rs17569 variation was associated with high prolidase levels in both CAE and controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the low serum prolidase levels observed in CAE patients is significantly associated with PEPD gene variations. It was concluded that low serum prolidase level and associated PEPD mutations may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of CAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Cigdem Pekkoc-Uyanik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Irmak Aslan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onur Kilicarslan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Selim Ser
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhan Ozyildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yanar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yildiz
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguz Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yilmaz-Aydogan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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2
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Heinsberg LW, Arockiaraj AI, Crago EA, Ren D, Shaffer JR, Sherwood PR, Sereika SM, Weeks DE, Conley YP. Genetic Variability and Trajectories of DNA Methylation May Support a Role for HAMP in Patient Outcomes After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2021; 32:550-563. [PMID: 31346934 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-019-00787-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Preclinical evidence suggests that iron homeostasis is an important biological mechanism following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, this concept is underexplored in humans. This study examined the relationship between patient outcomes following aSAH and genetic variants and DNA methylation in the hepcidin gene (HAMP), a key regulator of iron homeostasis. METHODS In this exploratory, longitudinal observational study, participants with verified aSAH were monitored for acute outcomes including cerebral vasospasm (CV) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and evaluated post-discharge at 3 and 12 months for long-term outcomes of death and functional status using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS; poor = 3-6) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS; poor = 1-3). Participants were genotyped for two genetic variants, and DNA methylation data were collected from serial cerebrospinal fluid over 14 days post-aSAH at eight methylation sites within HAMP. Participants were grouped based on their site-specific DNA methylation trajectory, with and without correcting for cell-type heterogeneity (CTH), and the associations between genetic variants and inferred DNA methylation trajectory groups and patient outcomes were tested. To correct for multiple testing, an empirical significance threshold was computed using permutation testing. RESULTS Genotype data for rs10421768 and rs7251432 were available for 241 and 371 participants, respectively, and serial DNA methylation data were available for 260 participants. Acute outcome prevalence included CV in 45% and DCI in 37.1% of the overall sample. Long-term outcome prevalence at 3 and 12 months included poor GOS in 23% and 21%, poor mRS in 31.6% and 27.3%, and mortality in 15.1% and 18.2%, respectively, in the overall sample. Being homozygous for the rs7251432 variant allele was significantly associated with death at 3 months (p = 0.003) and was the only association identified that passed adjustment for multiple testing mentioned above. Suggestive associations (defined as trending toward significance, p value < 0.05, but not meeting empirical significance thresholds) were identified between the homozygous variant allele for rs7251432 and poor GOS and mRS at 3 months (both p = 0.04) and death at 12 months (p = 0.02). For methylation trajectory groups, no associations remained significant after correction for multiple testing. However, for methylation trajectory groups not adjusted for CTH, suggestive associations were identified between cg18149657 and poor GOS and mRS at 3 months (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04, respectively) and death at 3 months (p = 0.04), and between cg26283059 and DCI (p = 0.01). For methylation trajectory groups adjusted for CTH, suggestive associations were identified between cg02131995 and good mRS at 12 months (p = 0.02), and between cg26283059 and DCI (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This exploratory pilot study offers preliminary evidence that HAMP may play a role in patient outcomes after aSAH. Replication of this study and mechanistic investigation of the role of HAMP in patient outcomes after aSAH are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey W Heinsberg
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 440 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Annie I Arockiaraj
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Crago
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dianxu Ren
- Department of Health and Community Systems, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paula R Sherwood
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Susan M Sereika
- Department of Health and Community Systems, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 440 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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3
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Schmid BP, Polsin LLM, Menezes FH. Dilatation of Aortic Neck and Common Iliac Arteries after Open Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Long-Term Follow-Up According to Aortic Reconstruction Configuration. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 69:345-351. [PMID: 32504789 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies in the literature report continued proximal aorta and distal iliac artery dilatation after surgical correction of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate these findings, in a South American population, and relate them to the type of configuration of the open procedure aortic reconstruction. METHODS This is a retrospective review of ultrasonographic follow-up of patients submitted to open repair of AAA from 1989 to 2013, reporting proximal aorta dilatation (≥3 cm) and distal iliac artery dilatation (≥1.5 cm). RESULTS A total of 155 patients were included. Life-table freedom at the intervals 11 < 15 years and ≥15 years were 47% and 23% for proximal dilatation and 63% and 38% for distal iliac arteries dilatation, respectively. There were more proximal and distal dilatations in patients submitted to more extensive aortic reconstructions (aorto-aortic 13% and 22% vs aorto-bilateral common iliacs 27% and 8% vs aorto-unilateral or bilateral external iliacs 27% and 32% and aorto-femoral 67% and 0%) P < 0.0001. Juxtarenal anastomosis was also correlated with more proximal dilatations (42% vs 21%, P = 0,046). There were two proximal and three distal anastomosis pseudoaneurysms. CONCLUSIONS The presence of more extensive degenerative disease at the time of operation, requiring juxtarenal or more distal iliac reconstructions, may pose an increased risk of proximal aorta and iliac artery dilatation during follow-up. This study corroborates that significant changes are found after 7 to 10 years of the operation, reinforcing the need for long-term monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pagnin Schmid
- Discipline of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of Clinics of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Fábio Hüsemann Menezes
- Discipline of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of Clinics of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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4
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Bradley DT, Badger SA, McFarland M, Hughes AE. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Genetic Associations: Mostly False? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 51:64-75. [PMID: 26460285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Many associations between abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and genetic polymorphisms have been reported. It is unclear which are genuine and which may be caused by type 1 errors, biases, and flexible study design. The objectives of the study were to identify associations supported by current evidence and to investigate the effect of study design on reporting associations. METHODS Data sources were MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. Reports were dual-reviewed for relevance and inclusion against predefined criteria (studies of genetic polymorphisms and AAA risk). Study characteristics and data were extracted using an agreed tool and reports assessed for quality. Heterogeneity was assessed using I(2) and fixed- and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for variants that were reported at least twice, if any had reported an association. Strength of evidence was assessed using a standard guideline. RESULTS Searches identified 467 unique articles, of which 97 were included. Of 97 studies, 63 reported at least one association. Of 92 studies that conducted multiple tests, only 27% corrected their analyses. In total, 263 genes were investigated, and associations were reported in polymorphisms in 87 genes. Associations in CDKN2BAS, SORT1, LRP1, IL6R, MMP3, AGTR1, ACE, and APOA1 were supported by meta-analyses. CONCLUSION Uncorrected multiple testing and flexible study design (particularly testing many inheritance models and subgroups, and failure to check for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) contributed to apparently false associations being reported. Heterogeneity, possibly due to the case mix, geographical, temporal, and environmental variation between different studies, was evident. Polymorphisms in nine genes had strong or moderate support on the basis of the literature at this time. Suggestions are made for improving AAA genetics study design and conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Bradley
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK.
| | - S A Badger
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M McFarland
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Building, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BL, UK
| | - A E Hughes
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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5
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Hinterseher I, Schworer CM, Lillvis JH, Stahl E, Erdman R, Gatalica Z, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H. Immunohistochemical analysis of the natural killer cell cytotoxicity pathway in human abdominal aortic aneurysms. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11196-212. [PMID: 25993291 PMCID: PMC4463696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous analysis using genome-wide microarray expression data revealed extreme overrepresentation of immune related genes belonging the Natural Killer (NK) Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity pathway (hsa04650) in human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We followed up the microarray studies by immunohistochemical analyses using antibodies against nine members of the NK pathway (VAV1, VAV3, PLCG1, PLCG2, HCST, TYROBP, PTK2B, TNFA, and GZMB) and aortic tissue samples from AAA repair operations (n = 6) and control aortae (n = 8) from age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched donors from autopsies. The results confirmed the microarray results. Two different members of the NK pathway, HCST and GRZB, which act at different steps in the NK-pathway, were actively transcribed and translated into proteins in the same cells in the AAA tissue demonstrated by double staining. Furthermore, double staining with antibodies against CD68 or CD8 together with HCST, TYROBP, PTK2B or PLCG2 revealed that CD68 and CD8 positive cells expressed proteins of the NK-pathway but were not the only inflammatory cells involved in the NK-pathway in the AAA tissue. The results provide strong evidence that the NK Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity Pathway is activated in human AAA and valuable insight for future studies to dissect the pathogenesis of human AAA.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- CD8 Antigens/metabolism
- Female
- Focal Adhesion Kinase 2/genetics
- Focal Adhesion Kinase 2/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Killer Cells, Natural/cytology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Phospholipase C gamma/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Hinterseher
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Charles M Schworer
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | - John H Lillvis
- The Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Stahl
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | - Robert Erdman
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | | | - Gerard Tromp
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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6
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Pahl MC, Erdman R, Kuivaniemi H, Lillvis JH, Elmore JR, Tromp G. Transcriptional (ChIP-Chip) Analysis of ELF1, ETS2, RUNX1 and STAT5 in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11229-58. [PMID: 25993293 PMCID: PMC4463698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated transcriptional control of gene expression in human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We previously identified 3274 differentially expressed genes in human AAA tissue compared to non-aneurysmal controls. Four expressed transcription factors (ELF1, ETS2, STAT5 and RUNX1) were selected for genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation. Transcription factor binding was enriched in 4760 distinct genes (FDR < 0.05), of which 713 were differentially expressed in AAA. Functional classification using Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, and Network Analysis revealed enrichment in several biological processes including “leukocyte migration” (FDR = 3.09 × 10−05) and “intracellular protein kinase cascade” (FDR = 6.48 × 10−05). In the control aorta, the most significant GO categories differed from those in the AAA samples and included “cytoskeleton organization” (FDR = 1.24 × 10−06) and “small GTPase mediated signal transduction” (FDR = 1.24 × 10−06). Genes up-regulated in AAA tissue showed a highly significant enrichment for GO categories “leukocyte migration” (FDR = 1.62 × 10−11), “activation of immune response” (FDR = 8.44 × 10−11), “T cell activation” (FDR = 4.14 × 10−10) and “regulation of lymphocyte activation” (FDR = 2.45 × 10−09), whereas the down-regulated genes were enriched in GO categories “cytoskeleton organization” (FDR = 7.84 × 10−05), “muscle cell development” (FDR = 1.00 × 10−04), and “organ morphogenesis” (FDR = 3.00 × 10−04). Quantitative PCR assays confirmed a sub-set of the transcription factor binding sites including those in MTMR11, DUSP10, ITGAM, MARCH1, HDAC8, MMP14, MAGI1, THBD and SPOCK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Pahl
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | - Robert Erdman
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - John H Lillvis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - James R Elmore
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
| | - Gerard Tromp
- Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA.
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7
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Yuan K, Liang W, Zhang J. A comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes and pathways in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2707-14. [PMID: 25936411 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) via various bioinformatics techniques. Gene expression profiling analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AAA samples and normal controls was conducted. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery tool was utilized to perform Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses for DEGs and clusters from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, which was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. In addition, important transcription factors (TFs) that regulated DEGs were investigated. A total of 346 DEGs were identified between AAA samples and healthy controls. Additionally, four clusters were identified from the PPI network. Cluster 1 was associated with sensory perception of smell and the olfactory transduction subpathway. The most significant GO function terms for cluster 2 and 3 were response to virus and defense response, respectively. Cluster 4 was associated with mitochondria-associated functions and the oxidative phosphorylation subpathway. Early growth response-1 (EGR-1), Myc, activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) and specificity protein (SP) 1:SP3 were identified to be critical TFs in this disease. The present study suggested that the olfactory transduction subpathway, mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were involved in AAA, and TFs, such as EGR-1, Myc, ATF5 and SP1:SP3, may be potential candidate molecular targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
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8
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De Basso R, Sandgren T, Ahlgren ÅR, Länne T. Increased cardiovascular risk without generalized arterial dilating diathesis in persons who do not have abdominal aortic aneurysm but who are first-degree relatives of abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:576-81. [PMID: 25882720 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong genetic predisposition towards abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), but it is unknown whether persons without AAA but with first-degree relatives who are AAA patients have a generalized dilating diathesis, defect arterial wall mechanics, or increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of the study was to investigate arterial diameters and wall mechanics at multiple arterial sites in these subjects and compare them with controls without a family history of AAA. This study included 118 first-degree relatives of patients with AAA and 66 controls (age: 40-80 years). The abdominal aorta, common carotid artery, common femoral artery, and popliteal artery were investigated by echo-tracking ultrasound. The relatives had no arterial dilatation, but they did tend to have smaller diameters than controls. Relatives had a higher heart rate, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure than controls. The distensibility coefficient and the compliance coefficient were decreased in all arteries in male relatives, adjusted for age and smoking; these coefficients were normalized after adjustment for mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Female relatives had a lower compliance coefficient in the abdominal aorta, adjusted for age and smoking. After adjustment for mean arterial pressure and heart rate, the difference disappeared. No general arterial dilatation in relatives without AAA was found, supporting the hypothesis that the dilating diathesis is linked to the aneurysmal manifestation in the abdominal aorta. Although the threat of aneurysmal dilatation and rupture seems to be lacking in these subjects, heart rate, blood pressure, and arterial wall stiffness were all increased, which may indicate a higher risk of developing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel De Basso
- Division of Medical Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden.,Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Thomas Sandgren
- Department of Surgery, Capio Lundby Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Rydén Ahlgren
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclearmedicine Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Toste Länne
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Science, Faculty of Health Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
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9
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Novel biomarkers of abdominal aortic aneurysm disease: identifying gaps and dispelling misperceptions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:925840. [PMID: 24967416 PMCID: PMC4055358 DOI: 10.1155/2014/925840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent and potentially life-threatening disease. Early detection by screening programs and subsequent surveillance has been shown to be effective at reducing the risk of mortality due to aneurysm rupture. The aim of this review is to summarize the developments in the literature concerning the latest biomarkers (from 2008 to date) and their potential screening and therapeutic values. Our search included human studies in English and found numerous novel biomarkers under research, which were categorized in 6 groups. Most of these studies are either experimental or hampered by their low numbers of patients. We concluded that currently no specific laboratory markers allow screeing for the disease and monitoring its progression or the results of treatment. Further studies and studies in larger patient groups are required in order to validate biomarkers as cost-effective tools in the AAA disease.
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10
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Kuivaniemi H, Ryer EJ, Elmore JR, Hinterseher I, Smelser DT, Tromp G. Update on abdominal aortic aneurysm research: from clinical to genetic studies. SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:564734. [PMID: 24834361 PMCID: PMC4009235 DOI: 10.1155/2014/564734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dilatation of the abdominal aorta with a diameter of at least 3.0 cm. AAAs are often asymptomatic and are discovered as incidental findings in imaging studies or when the AAA ruptures leading to a medical emergency. AAAs are more common in males than females, in individuals of European ancestry, and in those over 65 years of age. Smoking is the most important environmental risk factor. In addition, a positive family history of AAA increases the person's risk for AAA. Interestingly, diabetes has been shown to be a protective factor for AAA in many large studies. Hallmarks of AAA pathogenesis include inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis, extracellular matrix degradation, and oxidative stress. Autoimmunity may also play a role in AAA development and progression. In this Outlook paper, we summarize our recent studies on AAA including clinical studies related to surgical repair of AAA and genetic risk factor and large-scale gene expression studies. We conclude with a discussion on our research projects using large data sets available through electronic medical records and biobanks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kuivaniemi
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Evan J. Ryer
- Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - James R. Elmore
- Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Irene Hinterseher
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Diane T. Smelser
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Gerard Tromp
- The Sigfried and Janet Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
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Maegdefessel L, Dalman RL, Tsao PS. Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: MicroRNAs, Proteases, Genetic Associations. Annu Rev Med 2014; 65:49-62. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-101712-174206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald L. Dalman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305;
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305;
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Family history is a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), suggesting that genetic factors play an important role in AAA development, growth and rupture. Identification of these factors could improve understanding of the AAA pathogenesis and be useful to identify at risk individuals. RECENT FINDINGS Many approaches are used to examine genetic determinants of AAA, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and DNA linkage studies. Two recent GWAS have identified genetic markers associated with an increased risk of AAA located within the genes for DAB2 interacting protein (DAB2IP) and low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). In addition, a marker on 9p21 associated with other vascular diseases is also strongly associated with AAA. The exact means by which these genes currently control AAA risk is not clear; however, in support of these findings, mice with vascular smooth muscle cell deficiency of Lrp1 are prone to aneurysm development. Further current work is concentrated on other molecular mechanisms relevant in AAA pathogenesis, including noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs. SUMMARY Current studies assessing genetic mechanisms for AAA have significant potential to identify novel mechanisms involved in AAA pathogenesis of high relevance to better clinical management of the disease.
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