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Richard SA. Advances in synthetic lethality modalities for glioblastoma multiforme. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240981. [PMID: 38868315 PMCID: PMC11167713 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by a high mortality rate, high resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy, and radiotherapy due to its highly aggressive nature. The pathophysiology of GBM is characterized by multifarious genetic abrasions that deactivate tumor suppressor genes, induce transforming genes, and over-secretion of pro-survival genes, resulting in oncogene sustainability. Synthetic lethality is a destructive process in which the episode of a single genetic consequence is tolerable for cell survival, while co-episodes of multiple genetic consequences lead to cell death. This targeted drug approach, centered on the genetic concept of synthetic lethality, is often selective for DNA repair-deficient GBM cells with restricted toxicity to normal tissues. DNA repair pathways are key modalities in the generation, treatment, and drug resistance of cancers, as DNA damage plays a dual role as a creator of oncogenic mutations and a facilitator of cytotoxic genomic instability. Although several research advances have been made in synthetic lethality modalities for GBM therapy, no review article has summarized these therapeutic modalities. Thus, this review focuses on the innovative advances in synthetic lethality modalities for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seidu A. Richard
- Department of Medicine, Princefield University, P. O. Box MA128, Volta Region, Ho, Ghana
- Institute of Neuroscience, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Matthaios D, Balgkouranidou I, Neanidis K, Sofis A, Pikouli A, Romanidis K, Pappa A, Karamouzis M, Zygogianni A, Charalampidis C, Zarogoulidis P, Rigas G, Galanis A. Revisiting Temozolomide's role in solid tumors: Old is gold? J Cancer 2024; 15:3254-3271. [PMID: 38817857 PMCID: PMC11134434 DOI: 10.7150/jca.94109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide is an imidazotetrazine with a long history in oncology especially for the high grade malignant glioma and metastatic melanoma. However, last year's new indications for its use are added. Its optimum pharmacodynamic profile, its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, the existence of methylation of MGMT in solid tumors which enhances its efficacy, the identification of new agents that can overcome temozolomide's resistance, the promising role of temozolomide in turning immune cold tumors to hot ones, are leading to expand its use in other solid tumors, giving oncologists an additional tool for the treatment of advanced and aggressive neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anastasia Pikouli
- Third Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Romanidis
- Second Department of Surgery, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Michael Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Zygogianni
- Radiation Oncology Unit, 1st Department of Radiology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, General Clinic Euromedice, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Rigas
- Oncology Department, Private General Clinic of Volos, Volos, Greece
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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3
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Walter B, Hirsch S, Kuhlburger L, Stahl A, Schnabel L, Wisser S, Haeusser LA, Tsiami F, Plöger S, Aghaallaei N, Dick AM, Skokowa J, Schmees C, Templin M, Schenke-Layland K, Tatagiba M, Nahnsen S, Merk DJ, Tabatabai G. Functionally-instructed modifiers of response to ATR inhibition in experimental glioma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:77. [PMID: 38475864 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DNA damage response (DDR) is a physiological network preventing malignant transformation, e.g. by halting cell cycle progression upon DNA damage detection and promoting DNA repair. Glioblastoma are incurable primary tumors of the nervous system and DDR dysregulation contributes to acquired treatment resistance. Therefore, DDR targeting is a promising therapeutic anti-glioma strategy. Here, we investigated Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) inhibition (ATRi) and functionally-instructed combination therapies involving ATRi in experimental glioma. METHODS We used acute cytotoxicity to identify treatment efficacy as well as RNAseq and DigiWest protein profiling to characterize ATRi-induced modulations within the molecular network in glioma cells. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 functional genomic screens and subsequent validation with functionally-instructed compounds and selected shRNA-based silencing were employed to discover and investigate molecular targets modifying response to ATRi in glioma cell lines in vitro, in primary cultures ex vivo and in zebrafish and murine models in vivo. RESULTS ATRi monotherapy displays anti-glioma efficacy in vitro and ex vivo and modulates the molecular network. We discovered molecular targets by genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function and activation screens that enhance therapeutic ATRi effects. We validated selected druggable targets by a customized drug library and functional assays in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study leads to the identification of novel combination therapies involving ATRi that could inform future preclinical studies and early phase clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Walter
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sophie Hirsch
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laurence Kuhlburger
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Quantitative Biology Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Biomedical Data Science, Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aaron Stahl
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Leonard Schnabel
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Silas Wisser
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lara A Haeusser
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Foteini Tsiami
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Plöger
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Narges Aghaallaei
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Advaita M Dick
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schmees
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Markus Templin
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcos Tatagiba
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sven Nahnsen
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Quantitative Biology Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Biomedical Data Science, Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel J Merk
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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Obrador E, Moreno-Murciano P, Oriol-Caballo M, López-Blanch R, Pineda B, Gutiérrez-Arroyo JL, Loras A, Gonzalez-Bonet LG, Martinez-Cadenas C, Estrela JM, Marqués-Torrejón MÁ. Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2529. [PMID: 38473776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) stands out as the most prevalent and lethal form of brain cancer. Although great efforts have been made by clinicians and researchers, no significant improvement in survival has been achieved since the Stupp protocol became the standard of care (SOC) in 2005. Despite multimodality treatments, recurrence is almost universal with survival rates under 2 years after diagnosis. Here, we discuss the recent progress in our understanding of GB pathophysiology, in particular, the importance of glioma stem cells (GSCs), the tumor microenvironment conditions, and epigenetic mechanisms involved in GB growth, aggressiveness and recurrence. The discussion on therapeutic strategies first covers the SOC treatment and targeted therapies that have been shown to interfere with different signaling pathways (pRB/CDK4/RB1/P16ink4, TP53/MDM2/P14arf, PI3k/Akt-PTEN, RAS/RAF/MEK, PARP) involved in GB tumorigenesis, pathophysiology, and treatment resistance acquisition. Below, we analyze several immunotherapeutic approaches (i.e., checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, CAR-modified NK or T cells, oncolytic virotherapy) that have been used in an attempt to enhance the immune response against GB, and thereby avoid recidivism or increase survival of GB patients. Finally, we present treatment attempts made using nanotherapies (nanometric structures having active anti-GB agents such as antibodies, chemotherapeutic/anti-angiogenic drugs or sensitizers, radionuclides, and molecules that target GB cellular receptors or open the blood-brain barrier) and non-ionizing energies (laser interstitial thermal therapy, high/low intensity focused ultrasounds, photodynamic/sonodynamic therapies and electroporation). The aim of this review is to discuss the advances and limitations of the current therapies and to present novel approaches that are under development or following clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - María Oriol-Caballo
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael López-Blanch
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Pineda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alba Loras
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University of Castellon, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Luis G Gonzalez-Bonet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Castellon General University Hospital, 12004 Castellon, Spain
| | | | - José M Estrela
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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Hong B, Yang E, Su D, Ju J, Cui X, Wang Q, Tong F, Zhao J, Yang S, Cheng C, Xin L, Xiao M, Yi K, Zhan Q, Ding Y, Xu H, Cui L, Kang C. EPIC-1042 as a potent PTRF/Cavin1-caveolin-1 interaction inhibitor to induce PARP1 autophagic degradation and suppress temozolomide efflux for glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:100-114. [PMID: 37651725 PMCID: PMC10768988 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temozolomide (TMZ) treatment efficacy in glioblastoma is determined by various mechanisms such as TMZ efflux, autophagy, base excision repair (BER) pathway, and the level of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Here, we reported a novel small-molecular inhibitor (SMI) EPIC-1042 (C20H28N6) with the potential to decrease TMZ efflux and promote PARP1 degradation via autolysosomes in the early stage. METHODS EPIC-1042 was obtained from receptor-based virtual screening. Co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays were applied to verify the blocking effect of EPIC-1042. Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of EPIC-1042. In vivo experiments were performed to verify the efficacy of EPIC-1042 in sensitizing glioblastoma cells to TMZ. RESULTS EPIC-1042 physically interrupted the interaction of PTRF/Cavin1 and caveolin-1, leading to reduced secretion of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to decrease TMZ efflux. It also induced PARP1 autophagic degradation via increased p62 expression that more p62 bound to PARP1 and specially promoted PARP1 translocation into autolysosomes for degradation in the early stage. Moreover, EPIC-1042 inhibited autophagy flux at last. The application of EPIC-1042 enhanced TMZ efficacy in glioblastoma in vivo. CONCLUSION EPIC-1042 reinforced the effect of TMZ by preventing TMZ efflux, inducing PARP1 degradation via autolysosomes to perturb the BER pathway and recruitment of MGMT, and inhibiting autophagy flux in the later stage. Therefore, this study provided a novel therapeutic strategy using the combination of TMZ with EPIC-1042 for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Eryan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongyuan Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiasheng Ju
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoteng Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Jixing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixue Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunchao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Menglin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Kaikai Yi
- Department of Neuro-Oncology and Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqing Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanyi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Longtao Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro Injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
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Zhu S, Guo J, Yu L, Liu J, Chen J, Xin J, Zhang Y, Luo J, Duan C. Synergistic effect of cryptotanshinone and temozolomide treatment against human glioblastoma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21835. [PMID: 38071213 PMCID: PMC10710453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48777-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a complex disease to treat owing to its profound chemoresistance. Therefore, we evaluated the combined effect and therapeutic efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ), a potent alkylating agent and the current gold standard therapy for GBM, and cryptotanshinone (CTS), which inhibits glioma cell proliferation in GBM cells. Using LN229 and U87-MG human GBM cells in a short-term stimulation in vitro model, the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of single and combined treatment with 4 μM CTS and 200 μM TMZ were investigated. Furthermore, cell viability, DNA damage, apoptosis rate, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein were measured using cytotoxic assay, comet assay, flow cytometry, and western blotting analysis, respectively. The two drugs' synergistic interaction was validated using the synergy score. We found that the anti-proliferative effects of combination therapy using the two drugs were greater than that of each agent used alone (CTS or TMZ). Western blot analysis indicated that treatment of GBM cells with CTS combined with TMZ more significantly decreased the expression of MGMT and STAT3, than that with TMZ alone. Combined treatment with CTS and TMZ might be an effective option to overcome the chemoresistance of GBM cells in a long-term treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songxian Zhu
- Brain Research Institute, Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Brain Research Institute, Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Li Yu
- Brain Research Institute, Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- Brain Research Institute, Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jinxin Xin
- Brain Research Institute, Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuqiang Zhang
- Medical Services, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
| | - Chao Duan
- Brain Research Institute, Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 Renmin South Rd, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Taihe Hospital of Shiyan, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
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7
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Dexheimer TS, Coussens NP, Silvers T, Wright J, Morris J, Doroshow JH, Teicher BA. Multicellular Complex Tumor Spheroid Response to DNA Repair Inhibitors in Combination with DNA-damaging Drugs. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1648-1661. [PMID: 37637936 PMCID: PMC10452929 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular spheroids comprised of malignant cells, endothelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells served as an in vitro model of human solid tumors to investigate the potentiation of DNA-damaging drugs by pharmacologic modulation of DNA repair pathways. The DNA-damaging drugs, topotecan, trabectedin, and temozolomide were combined with varied inhibitors of DNA damage response enzymes including PARP (olaparib or talazoparib), ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated; AZD-1390), ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein; berzosertib or elimusertib), and DNA-PK (DNA-dependent protein kinase; nedisertib or VX-984). A range of clinically achievable concentrations were tested up to the clinical Cmax, if known. Mechanistically, the types of DNA damage induced by temozolomide, topotecan, and trabectedin are distinct, which was apparent from the response of spheroids to combinations with various DNA repair inhibitors. Although most combinations resulted in additive cytotoxicity, synergistic activity was observed for temozolomide combined with PARP inhibitors as well as combinations of the ATM inhibitor AZD-1390 with either topotecan or trabectedin. These findings might provide guidance for the selection of anticancer agent combinations worthy of further investigation. Significance Clinical efficacy of DNA-damaging anticancer drugs can be influenced by the DNA damage response in tumor cells. The potentiation of DNA-damaging drugs by pharmacologic modulation of DNA repair pathways was assessed in multicellular tumor spheroids. Although most combinations demonstrated additive cytotoxicity, synergistic cytotoxicity was observed for several drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Dexheimer
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratories, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Nathan P Coussens
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratories, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Thomas Silvers
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratories, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - John Wright
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Joel Morris
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Beverly A Teicher
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
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Lin S, Li K, Qi L. Cancer stem cells in brain tumors: From origin to clinical implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e341. [PMID: 37576862 PMCID: PMC10412776 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors are highly heterogeneous tumors with a poor prognosis and a high morbidity and mortality rate in both children and adults. The cancer stem cell (CSC, also named tumor-initiating cell) model states that tumor growth is driven by a subset of CSCs. This model explains some of the clinical observations of brain tumors, including the almost unavoidable tumor recurrence after initial successful chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and treatment resistance. Over the past two decades, strategies for the identification and characterization of brain CSCs have improved significantly, supporting the design of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for brain tumors. Relevant studies have unveiled novel characteristics of CSCs in the brain, including their heterogeneity and distinctive immunobiology, which have provided opportunities for new research directions and potential therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CSCs markers and stemness regulators in brain tumors. We also comprehensively describe the influence of the CSCs niche and tumor microenvironment on brain tumor stemness, including interactions between CSCs and the immune system, and discuss the potential application of CSCs in brain-based therapies for the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Lin
- Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's HospitalQingyuanGuangdongChina
| | - Kaishu Li
- Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's HospitalQingyuanGuangdongChina
| | - Ling Qi
- Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's HospitalQingyuanGuangdongChina
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9
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Eckerdt F, Platanias LC. Emerging Role of Glioma Stem Cells in Mechanisms of Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3458. [PMID: 37444568 PMCID: PMC10340782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery at the beginning of this millennium, glioma stem cells (GSCs) have sparked extensive research and an energetic scientific debate about their contribution to glioblastoma (GBM) initiation, progression, relapse, and resistance. Different molecular subtypes of GBM coexist within the same tumor, and they display differential sensitivity to chemotherapy. GSCs contribute to tumor heterogeneity and recapitulate pathway alterations described for the three GBM subtypes found in patients. GSCs show a high degree of plasticity, allowing for interconversion between different molecular GBM subtypes, with distinct proliferative potential, and different degrees of self-renewal and differentiation. This high degree of plasticity permits adaptation to the environmental changes introduced by chemo- and radiation therapy. Evidence from mouse models indicates that GSCs repopulate brain tumors after therapeutic intervention, and due to GSC plasticity, they reconstitute heterogeneity in recurrent tumors. GSCs are also inherently resilient to standard-of-care therapy, and mechanisms of resistance include enhanced DNA damage repair, MGMT promoter demethylation, autophagy, impaired induction of apoptosis, metabolic adaptation, chemoresistance, and immune evasion. The remarkable oncogenic properties of GSCs have inspired considerable interest in better understanding GSC biology and functions, as they might represent attractive targets to advance the currently limited therapeutic options for GBM patients. This has raised expectations for the development of novel targeted therapeutic approaches, including targeting GSC plasticity, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells, and oncolytic viruses. In this review, we focus on the role of GSCs as drivers of GBM and therapy resistance, and we discuss how insights into GSC biology and plasticity might advance GSC-directed curative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Eckerdt
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Medicine Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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10
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Li J, Song C, Gu J, Li C, Zang W, Shi L, Chen L, Zhu L, Zhou M, Wang T, Li H, Qi S, Lu Y. RBBP4 regulates the expression of the Mre11-Rad50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and promotes DNA double-strand break repair to mediate glioblastoma chemoradiotherapy resistance. Cancer Lett 2023; 557:216078. [PMID: 36736531 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
For treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy (RT) exert antitumor effects by inducing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), mainly via futile DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and inducing apoptosis. Here, we provide evidence that RBBP4 modulates glioblastoma resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by recruiting transcription factors and epigenetic regulators that bind to their promoters to regulate the expression of the Mre11-Rad50-NBS1(MRN) complex and the level of DNA-DSB repair, which are closely associated with recovery from TMZ- and radiotherapy-induced DNA damage in U87MG and LN229 glioblastoma cells, which have negative MGMT expression. Disruption of RBBP4 induced GBM cell DNA damage and apoptosis in response to TMZ and radiotherapy and enhanced radiotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity by the independent pathway of MGMT. These results displayed a possible chemo-radioresistant mechanism in MGMT negative GBM. In addition, the RBBP4-MRN complex regulation axis may provide an interesting target for developing therapy-sensitizing strategies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Junwei Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The First People's Hospital of Xiushui County, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chiyang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenrui Zang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Neurology Research Institution, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nanfang Glioma Center, Guangzhou, China.
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11
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M A, Xavier J, A S F, Bisht P, Murti K, Ravichandiran V, Kumar N. Epigenetic basis for PARP mutagenesis in glioblastoma: A review. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 938:175424. [PMID: 36442619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Several modifications in the glioblastoma genes are caused by epigenetic modifications, which are crucial in appropriate developmental processes such as self-renewal and destiny determination of neural stem cells. Poly (ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) is an essential cofactor involved in DNA repair as well as several other cellular functions such as transcription and chromatin shape modification. Inhibiting PARP has evolved for triggering cell damage in cancerous cells when paired with certain other anticancer drugs including temozolomide (TMZ). PARP1 is involved with in base excision repair (BER) pathway, however its functionality differs across types of tumours. Epigenomics as well as chromosomal statistics have contributed to the growth of main subgroups of glioma, which serve as foundation for the categorization of central nervous system (CNS) tumours as well as a unique classification based only on DNA methylation information, which demonstrates extraordinary diagnostic accuracy. Unfortunately, not all patients respond to PARP inhibitors (PARPi), and there is no way to anticipate who will and who will not. In this field, PARPi are one of the innovative medicines currently being explored. As a result, cancer cells that also have a homologous recombination defect become fatal synthetically. As well as preparing the tumour microenvironment for immunotherapy, PARPi may enhance the lethal effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This article analyzes the justification and clinical evidence for PARPi in glioma to offer potential therapeutic approaches. Despite the effectiveness of these targeted drugs, researchers have looked into a number of resistance mechanisms as well as the growing usage of PARPi in clinical practice for the treatment of various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu M
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Joyal Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Fathima A S
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Priya Bisht
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Krishna Murti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India; Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, 844102, India.
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12
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DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy and Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314672. [PMID: 36499000 PMCID: PMC9735783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy is a common event among cancer patients and a reason why new cancer therapies and therapeutic strategies need to be in continuous investigation and development. DNA damage response (DDR) comprises several pathways that eliminate DNA damage to maintain genomic stability and integrity, but different types of cancers are associated with DDR machinery defects. Many improvements have been made in recent years, providing several drugs and therapeutic strategies for cancer patients, including those targeting the DDR pathways. Currently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitors) are the DDR inhibitors (DDRi) approved for several cancers, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. However, PARPi resistance is a growing issue in clinical settings that increases disease relapse and aggravate patients' prognosis. Additionally, resistance to other DDRi is also being found and investigated. The resistance mechanisms to DDRi include reversion mutations, epigenetic modification, stabilization of the replication fork, and increased drug efflux. This review highlights the DDR pathways in cancer therapy, its role in the resistance to conventional treatments, and its exploitation for anticancer treatment. Biomarkers of treatment response, combination strategies with other anticancer agents, resistance mechanisms, and liabilities of treatment with DDR inhibitors are also discussed.
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13
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Hersh AM, Gaitsch H, Alomari S, Lubelski D, Tyler BM. Molecular Pathways and Genomic Landscape of Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Opportunities for Targeted Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3743. [PMID: 35954407 PMCID: PMC9367289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive tumor of the central nervous system categorized by the World Health Organization as a Grade 4 astrocytoma. Despite treatment with surgical resection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, outcomes remain poor, with a median survival of only 14-16 months. Although tumor regression is often observed initially after treatment, long-term recurrence or progression invariably occurs. Tumor growth, invasion, and recurrence is mediated by a unique population of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Their high mutation rate and dysregulated transcriptional landscape augment their resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy, explaining the poor outcomes observed in patients. Consequently, GSCs have emerged as targets of interest in new treatment paradigms. Here, we review the unique properties of GSCs, including their interactions with the hypoxic microenvironment that drives their proliferation. We discuss vital signaling pathways in GSCs that mediate stemness, self-renewal, proliferation, and invasion, including the Notch, epidermal growth factor receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt, sonic hedgehog, transforming growth factor beta, Wnt, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and inhibitors of differentiation pathways. We also review epigenomic changes in GSCs that influence their transcriptional state, including DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and miRNA expression. The constituent molecular components of the signaling pathways and epigenomic regulators represent potential sites for targeted therapy, and representative examples of inhibitory molecules and pharmaceuticals are discussed. Continued investigation into the molecular pathways of GSCs and candidate therapeutics is needed to discover new effective treatments for GBM and improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Hersh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.M.H.); (H.G.); (S.A.); (D.L.)
| | - Hallie Gaitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.M.H.); (H.G.); (S.A.); (D.L.)
- NIH Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program, Wellcome—MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.M.H.); (H.G.); (S.A.); (D.L.)
| | - Daniel Lubelski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.M.H.); (H.G.); (S.A.); (D.L.)
| | - Betty M. Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (A.M.H.); (H.G.); (S.A.); (D.L.)
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14
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Mao DD, Cleary RT, Gujar A, Mahlokozera T, Kim AH. CDC20 regulates sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation in glioblastoma stem cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270251. [PMID: 35737702 PMCID: PMC9223386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are an important subpopulation in glioblastoma, implicated in tumor growth, tumor recurrence, and radiation resistance. Understanding the cellular mechanisms for chemo- and radiation resistance could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate that CDC20 promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. CDC20 knockdown does not increase TMZ- and radiation-induced DNA damage, or alter DNA damage repair, but rather promotes cell death through accumulation of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bim. Our results identify a CDC20 signaling pathway that regulates chemo- and radiosensitivity in GSCs, with the potential for CDC20-targeted therapeutic strategies in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane D. Mao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ryan T. Cleary
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Amit Gujar
- The Jackson Laboratory in Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Tatenda Mahlokozera
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Albert H. Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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15
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Vilar JB, Christmann M, Tomicic MT. Alterations in Molecular Profiles Affecting Glioblastoma Resistance to Radiochemotherapy: Where Does the Good Go? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102416. [PMID: 35626024 PMCID: PMC9139489 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma is a type of brain cancer that remains incurable. Despite multiple past and ongoing preclinical studies and clinical trials, involving adjuvants to the conventional therapy and based on molecular targeting, no relevant benefit for patients’ survival has been achieved so far. The current first-line treatment regimen is based on ionizing radiation and the monoalkylating compound, temozolomide, and has been administered for more than 15 years. Glioblastoma is extremely resistant to most agents due to a mutational background that elicits quick response to insults and adapts to microenvironmental and metabolic changes. Here, we present the most recent evidence concerning the molecular features and their alterations governing pathways involved in GBM response to the standard radio-chemotherapy and discuss how they collaborate with acquired GBM’s resistance. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a brain tumor characterized by high heterogeneity, diffuse infiltration, aggressiveness, and formation of recurrences. Patients with this kind of tumor suffer from cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems, beyond exhibiting dismal survival rates. Current treatment comprises surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with the methylating agent, temozolomide (TMZ). GBMs harbor intrinsic mutations involving major pathways that elicit the cells to evade cell death, adapt to the genotoxic stress, and regrow. Ionizing radiation and TMZ induce, for the most part, DNA damage repair, autophagy, stemness, and senescence, whereas only a small fraction of GBM cells undergoes treatment-induced apoptosis. Particularly upon TMZ exposure, most of the GBM cells undergo cellular senescence. Increased DNA repair attenuates the agent-induced cytotoxicity; autophagy functions as a pro-survival mechanism, protecting the cells from damage and facilitating the cells to have energy to grow. Stemness grants the cells capacity to repopulate the tumor, and senescence triggers an inflammatory microenvironment favorable to transformation. Here, we highlight this mutational background and its interference with the response to the standard radiochemotherapy. We discuss the most relevant and recent evidence obtained from the studies revealing the molecular mechanisms that lead these cells to be resistant and indicate some future perspectives on combating this incurable tumor.
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16
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Delello Di Filippo L, Hofstätter Azambuja J, Paes Dutra JA, Tavares Luiz M, Lobato Duarte J, Nicoleti LR, Olalla Saad ST, Chorilli M. Improving temozolomide biopharmaceutical properties in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment using GBM-targeting nanocarriers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 168:76-89. [PMID: 34461214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer. GBM has aggressive development, and the pharmacological treatment remains a challenge due to GBM anatomical characteristics' (the blood-brain barrier and tumor microenvironment) and the increasing resistance to marketed drugs, such as temozolomide (TMZ), the first-line drug for GBM treatment. Due to physical-chemical properties such as short half-life time and the increasing resistance shown by GBM cells, high doses and repeated administrations are necessary, leading to significant adverse events. This review will discuss the main molecular mechanisms of TMZ resistance and the use of functionalized nanocarriers as an efficient and safe strategy for TMZ delivery. GBM-targeting nanocarriers are an important tool for the treatment of GBM, demonstrating to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of TMZ and repurpose its use in anti-GBM therapy. Technical aspects of nanocarriers will be discussed, and biological models highlighting the advantages and effects of functionalization strategies in TMZ anti-GBM activity. Finally, conclusions regarding the main findings will be made in the context of new perspectives for the treatment of GBM using TMZ as a chemotherapy agent, improving the sensibility and biological anti-tumor effect of TMZ through functionalization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcela Tavares Luiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Lobato Duarte
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiza Ribeiro Nicoleti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Tomar MS, Kumar A, Srivastava C, Shrivastava A. Elucidating the mechanisms of Temozolomide resistance in gliomas and the strategies to overcome the resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188616. [PMID: 34419533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first-choice alkylating agent inducted as a gold standard therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and astrocytoma. A majority of patients do not respond to TMZ during the course of their treatment. Activation of DNA repair pathways is the principal mechanism for this phenomenon that detaches TMZ-induced O-6-methylguanine adducts and restores genomic integrity. Current understanding in the domain of oncology adds several other novel mechanisms of resistance such as the involvement of miRNAs, drug efflux transporters, gap junction's activity, the advent of glioma stem cells as well as upregulation of cell survival autophagy. This review describes a multifaceted account of different mechanisms responsible for the intrinsic and acquired TMZ-resistance. Here, we summarize different strategies that intensify the TMZ effect such as MGMT inhibition, development of novel imidazotetrazine analog, and combination therapy; with an aim to incorporate a successful treatment and increased overall survival in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manendra Singh Tomar
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, Saket Nagar, Bhopal 462020, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Chhitij Srivastava
- Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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18
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Xia Q, Liu L, Li Y, Zhang P, Han D, Dong L. Therapeutic Perspective of Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma Treatment. Cancer Invest 2021; 39:627-644. [PMID: 34254870 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1952595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most lethal form of primary brain neoplasm. TMZ is the first-line standard treatment, but the strong resistance constrains the efficacy in clinical use. GB contains glioma stem cells (GSCs), which contribute to TMZ resistance, promote cell survival evolvement, and repopulate the tumor mass. This review summarizes the TMZ-resistance mechanisms and discusses several potential therapies from the conservative opinion of GSC-targeted therapy orientation to the current view of TMZ resistance-aimed efficacy, which will provide an understanding of the role of heterogeneity in drug resistance and improve therapeutic efficacy in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xia
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Da Han
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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19
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Ma X, Hu H. The Influence of Cell Cycle Regulation on Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6923. [PMID: 34203270 PMCID: PMC8267727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is orchestrated by a complex network of interactions between proteins, enzymes, cytokines, and cell cycle signaling pathways, and is vital for cell proliferation, growth, and repair. The occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors are closely related to the cell cycle. Cell cycle regulation can be synergistic with chemotherapy in two aspects: inhibition or promotion. The sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs can be improved with the cooperation of cell cycle regulation strategies. This review presented the mechanism of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs and the effect of the cell cycle on tumorigenesis and development, and the interaction between chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation in cancer treatment was briefly introduced. The current collaborative strategies of chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation are discussed in detail. Finally, we outline the challenges and perspectives about the improvement of combination strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
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20
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Wu S, Li X, Gao F, de Groot JF, Koul D, Yung WKA. PARP-mediated PARylation of MGMT is critical to promote repair of temozolomide-induced O6-methylguanine DNA damage in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:920-931. [PMID: 33433610 PMCID: PMC8168825 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is mediated by the DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). MGMT promoter methylation (occurs in about 40% of patients) is associated with loss of MGMT expression (MGMT−) that compromises DNA repair, leading to a favorable response to TMZ therapy. The 60% of patients with unmethylated MGMT (MGMT+) GBM experience resistance to TMZ; in these patients, understanding the mechanism of MGMT-mediated repair and modulating MGMT activity may lead to enhanced TMZ activity. Here, we report a novel mode of regulation of MGMT protein activity by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Methods MGMT-PARP interaction was detected by co-immunoprecipitation. PARylation of MGMT and PARP was detected by co-immunoprecipitation with anti-PAR antibody. O6-methylguanine (O6-MetG) adducts were quantified by immunofluorescence assay. In vivo studies were conducted in mice to determine the effectiveness of PARP inhibition in sensitizing GBM to TMZ. Results We demonstrated that PARP physically binds with MGMT and PARylates MGMT in response to TMZ treatment. In addition, PARylation of MGMT by PARP is required for MGMT binding to chromatin to enhance the removal of O6-MetG adducts from DNA after TMZ treatment. PARP inhibitors reduced PARP-MGMT binding and MGMT PARylation, silencing MGMT activity to repair O6-MetG. PARP inhibition restored TMZ sensitivity in vivo in MGMT-expressing GBM. Conclusion This study demonstrated that PARylation of MGMT by PARP is critical for repairing TMZ-induced O6-MetG, and inhibition of PARylation by PARP inhibitor reduces MGMT function rendering sensitization to TMZ, providing a rationale for combining PARP inhibitors to sensitize TMZ in MGMT-unmethylated GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofang Wu
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John F de Groot
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dimpy Koul
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - W K Alfred Yung
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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21
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Majd N, Yap TA, Yung WKA, de Groot J. The Promise of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors in Gliomas. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY AND PRECISION ONCOLOGY 2020; 3:157-164. [PMID: 35665372 PMCID: PMC9165443 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-20-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse infiltrating gliomas are a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous group of tumors that are uniformly incurable. Despite our growing knowledge of genomic and epigenomic alterations in gliomas, standard treatments have not changed in the past 2 decades and remain limited to surgical resection, ionizing radiation, and alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. Development of novel therapeutics for diffuse gliomas has been challenging due to inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, diffuse infiltrative nature of gliomas, inadequate tumor/drug concentration due to blood-brain barrier, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Given the high frequency of DNA damage pathway alterations in gliomas, researchers have focused their efforts in targeting the DNA damage pathways for the treatment of gliomas. A growing body of data has shed light on the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in combination with radiation and temozolomide in high-grade gliomas. Furthermore, a novel therapeutic strategy in low-grade glioma is the recent elucidation for a potential role of PARP inhibitors in gliomas with IDH1/2 mutations. This review highlights the concepts behind targeting PARP in gliomas with a focus on putative predictive biomarkers of response. We further discuss the challenges involved in the successful development of PARP inhibitors in gliomas, including the intracranial location of the tumor and overlapping toxicities with current standards of care, and promising strategies to overcome these hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Majd
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy A. Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - W. K. Alfred Yung
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John de Groot
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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22
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Ghorai A, Mahaddalkar T, Thorat R, Dutt S. Sustained inhibition of PARP-1 activity delays glioblastoma recurrence by enhancing radiation-induced senescence. Cancer Lett 2020; 490:44-53. [PMID: 32645394 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor and is highly aggressive with a median survival of 15 months. We have previously shown that residual cells of GBM form multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) showing a senescent phenotype, but eventually escape from therapy induced senescence (TIS), resulting in GBM recurrence. Here we demonstrate the role of PARP-1 in TIS and its recovery. We show that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 has an anti-proliferative effect on GBM cell lines and primary cultures derived from patient samples. Furthermore, the PARP-1 inhibitor olaparib, in combination with radiation increased MNGCs formation and senescence as assessed by β-galactosidase activity, and macroH2A1 levels in residual cells. Additionally, we found that reduced PARP-1 activity and not protein levels in residual cells was crucial for MNGCs formation and their maintenance in the senescent state. PARP-1 activity was restored to higher levels in recurrent cells that escaped from TIS. Importantly, olaparib + radiation treatment significantly delayed recurrence in vitro as well in vivo in orthotopic GBM mouse models with a significant increase in overall survival of mice. Overall, this study demonstrates that sustained inhibition of PARP-1 activity during radiation treatment significantly delays GBM recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Ghorai
- Shilpee Dutt Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Tejashree Mahaddalkar
- Shilpee Dutt Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Rahul Thorat
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Shilpee Dutt
- Shilpee Dutt Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400085, India.
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23
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Prager BC, Bhargava S, Mahadev V, Hubert CG, Rich JN. Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Driving Resilience through Chaos. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:223-235. [PMID: 32101725 PMCID: PMC8779821 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and heterogeneous tumor in which glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are at the apex of an entropic hierarchy and impart devastating therapy resistance. The high entropy of GSCs is driven by a permissive epigenetic landscape and a mutational landscape that revokes crucial cellular checkpoints. The GSC population encompasses a complex array of diverse microstates that are defined and maintained by a wide variety of attractors including the complex tumor ecosystem and therapeutic intervention. Constant dynamic transcriptional fluctuations result in a highly adaptable and heterogeneous entity primed for therapy evasion and survival. Analyzing the transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic landscapes of GSC dynamics in the context of a stochastically fluctuating tumor network will provide novel strategies to target resistant populations of GSCs in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana C Prager
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Case Western Reserve University Medical Scientist Training Program, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Shruti Bhargava
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vaidehi Mahadev
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Jeremy N Rich
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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24
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Lisi L, Chiavari M, Ciotti GMP, Lacal PM, Navarra P, Graziani G. DNA inhibitors for the treatment of brain tumors. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:195-207. [PMID: 32067518 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1729352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The worldwide incidence of central nervous system (CNS) primary tumors is increasing. Most of the chemotherapeutic agents used for treating these cancer types induce DNA damage, and their activity is affected by the functional status of repair systems involved in the detection or correction of DNA lesions. Unfortunately, treatment of malignant high-grade tumors is still an unmet medical need.Areas covered: We summarize the action mechanisms of the main DNA inhibitors used for the treatment of brain tumors. In addition, studies on new agents or drug combinations investigated for this indication are reviewed, focusing our attention on clinical trials that in the last 3 years have been completed, terminated or are still recruiting patients.Expert opinion: Much still needs to be done to render aggressive CNS tumors curable or at least to transform them from lethal to chronic diseases, as it is possible for other cancer types. Drugs with improved penetration in the CNS, toxicity profile, and activity against primary and recurrent tumors are eagerly needed. Targeted agents with innovative mechanisms of action and ability to harness the cells of the tumor microenvironment against cancer cells represent a promising approach for improving the clinical outcome of CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Lisi
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Chiavari
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Pedro M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Navarra
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.,Department of Safety and Bioethics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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25
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Wang Z, Li J, Long X, Jiao L, Zhou M, Wu K. MRPS16 facilitates tumor progression via the PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling axis. J Cancer 2020; 11:2032-2043. [PMID: 32127931 PMCID: PMC7052926 DOI: 10.7150/jca.39671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although aberrant expression of MRPS16 (mitochondrial ribosomal protein S16) contributes to biological dysfunction, especially mitochondrial translation defects, the status of MRPS16 and its correlation with prognosis in tumors, especially glioma, which is a common, morbid and frequently lethal malignancy, are still controversial. Methods: Herein, we used high-throughput sequencing to identify the target molecule MRPS16. Subsequently, we detected MRPS16 protein and mRNA expression levels in normal brain tissue (NBT) and different grades of glioma tissue. The molecular effects of MRPS16 in glioma cells were tested by Western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), EdU, CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell migration and invasion assays. Results: Intriguingly, we found that MRPS16 knockdown suppressed tumor cell growth, migration and invasion. Conversely, MRPS16 over-expression increased tumor cell growth, migration and invasion. In addition, subsequent mechanistic studies indicated that MRPS16 promoted glioma cell growth, migration and invasion by the activating PI3K/AKT/Snail axis. Furthermore, we observed that the decrease in tumor cell growth, migration, invasion and Snail expression mediated by MRPS16 knockdown could be rescued by Snail over-expression. Conclusion: In short, our data demonstrate that MRPS16 over-expression remarkably promotes tumor cell growth, migration and invasion via the PI3K/AKT/Snail axis, which may be a promising prognostic marker for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Street, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Street, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Street, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Liwu Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People Hospital of Qujing, Qujing 655000, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Street, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Kang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Street, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
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26
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Rathkey D, Khanal M, Murai J, Zhang J, Sengupta M, Jiang Q, Morrow B, Evans CN, Chari R, Fetsch P, Chung HJ, Xi L, Roth M, Filie A, Raffeld M, Thomas A, Pommier Y, Hassan R. Sensitivity of Mesothelioma Cells to PARP Inhibitors Is Not Dependent on BAP1 but Is Enhanced by Temozolomide in Cells With High-Schlafen 11 and Low-O6-methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase Expression. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:843-859. [PMID: 32004714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1), a nuclear deubiquitinase thought to be involved in DNA double-strand break repair, is frequently mutated in mesothelioma. Because poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPIs) induce synthetic lethality in BRCA1/2 mutant cancers, we evaluated whether BAP1 inactivating mutations confer sensitivity to PARPIs in mesothelioma and if combination therapy with temozolomide (TMZ) would be beneficial. METHODS A total of 10 patient-derived mesothelioma cell lines were generated and characterized for BAP1 mutation status, protein expression, nuclear localization, and sensitivity to the PARPIs, olaparib, and talazoparib, alone or in combination with TMZ. BAP1 deubiquitinase (DUB) activity was evaluated by ubiquitin with 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin assay. BAP1 knockout mesothelioma cell lines were generated by CRISPR-Cas9. Because Schlafen 11 (SLFN11) and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase also drive response to TMZ and PARPIs, we tested their expression and relationship with drug response. RESULTS BAP1 mutations or copy-number alterations, or both were present in all 10 cell lines. Nonetheless, four cell lines exhibited intact DUB activity and two had nuclear BAP1 localization. Half maximal-inhibitory concentrations of olaparib and talazoparib ranged from 4.8 μM to greater than 50 μM and 0.039 μM to greater than 5 μM, respectively, classifying them into sensitive (two) or resistant (seven) cells, independent of their BAP1 status. Cell lines with BAP1 knockout resulted in the loss of BAP1 DUB activity but did not increase sensitivity to talazoparib. Response to PARPI tended to be associated with high SLFN11 expression, and combination with temozolomide increased sensitivity of cells with low or no MGMT expression. CONCLUSIONS BAP1 status does not determine sensitivity to PARPIs in patient-derived mesothelioma cell lines. Combination of PARPI with TMZ may be beneficial for patients whose tumors have high SLFN11 and low or no MGMT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rathkey
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Manakamana Khanal
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Junko Murai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jingli Zhang
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Manjistha Sengupta
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qun Jiang
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Betsy Morrow
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine N Evans
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Raj Chari
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Patricia Fetsch
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hye-Jung Chung
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark Roth
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Armando Filie
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Raffit Hassan
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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27
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Lucena-Cacace A, Umeda M, Navas LE, Carnero A. NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD + as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance. Front Oncol 2019; 9:292. [PMID: 31119097 PMCID: PMC6507617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133+ cells with self-renewal properties and capable of initiating new tumors contributing to Glioma progression, maintenance, hierarchy, and complexity. GSCs are highly resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. These cells are believed to be responsible for tumor relapses and patients' fatal outcome after developing a recurrent Glioblastoma (GBM) or High Grade Glioma (HGG). GSCs are cells under replicative stress with high demands on NAD+ supply to repair DNA, maintain self-renewal capacity and to induce tumor plasticity. NAD+ feeds Poly-ADP polymerases (PARP) and NAD+-dependent deacetylases (SIRTUINS) contributing to GSC phenotype. This energetic core axis is mainly controlled by the rate-limiting enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), an important oncogene contributing to tumor dedifferentiation. Targeting GSCs depicts a new frontier in Glioma therapy; hence NAMPT could represent a key regulator for GSCs maintenance. Its inhibition may attenuate GSCs properties by decreasing NAD+ supply, consequently contributing to a better outcome together with current therapies for Glioma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Umeda
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lola E Navas
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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28
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Gupta SK, Smith EJ, Mladek AC, Tian S, Decker PA, Kizilbash SH, Kitange GJ, Sarkaria JN. PARP Inhibitors for Sensitization of Alkylation Chemotherapy in Glioblastoma: Impact of Blood-Brain Barrier and Molecular Heterogeneity. Front Oncol 2019; 8:670. [PMID: 30723695 PMCID: PMC6349736 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) remains dismal despite maximal surgical resection followed by aggressive chemo-radiation therapy. Almost every GBM, regardless of genotype, relapses as aggressive recurrent disease. Sensitization of GBM cells to chemo-radiation is expected to extend survival of patients with GBM by enhancing treatment efficacy. The PARP family of enzymes has a pleiotropic role in DNA repair and metabolism and has emerged as an attractive target for sensitization of cancer cells to genotoxic therapies. However, despite promising results from a number of preclinical studies, progress of clinical trials involving PARP inhibitors (PARPI) has been slower in GBM as compared to other malignancies. Preclinical in vivo studies have uncovered limitations of PARPI-mediated targeting of base excision repair, considered to be the likely mechanism of sensitization for temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant GBM. Nevertheless, PARPI remain a promising sensitizing approach for at least a subset of GBM tumors that are inherently sensitive to TMZ. Our PDX preclinical trial has helped delineate MGMT promoter hyper-methylation as a biomarker of the PARPI veliparib-mediated sensitization. In clinical trials, MGMT promoter hyper-methylation now is being studied as a potential predictive biomarker not only for response to TMZ therapy alone, but also PARPI-mediated sensitization of TMZ therapy. Besides the combination approach being investigated, IDH1/2 mutant gliomas associated with 2-hydroxygluterate (2HG)-mediated homologous recombination (HR) defect may potentially benefit from PARPI monotherapy. In this article, we discuss existing results and provide additional data in support of potential alternative mechanisms of sensitization that would help identify potential biomarkers for PARPI-based therapeutic approaches to GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv K Gupta
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Emily J Smith
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Shulan Tian
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sani H Kizilbash
- Departments of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gaspar J Kitange
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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29
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D'Angeli F, Scalia M, Cirnigliaro M, Satriano C, Barresi V, Musso N, Trovato-Salinaro A, Barbagallo D, Ragusa M, Di Pietro C, Purrello M, Spina-Purrello V. PARP-14 Promotes Survival of Mammalian α but Not β Pancreatic Cells Following Cytokine Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:271. [PMID: 31130919 PMCID: PMC6509146 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP-14 (poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase-14), a member of the PARP family, belongs to the group of Bal proteins (B Aggressive Lymphoma). PARP-14 has recently appeared to be involved in the transduction pathway mediated by JNKs (c Jun N terminal Kinases), among which JNK2 promotes cancer cell survival. Several pharmacological PARP inhibitors are currently used as antitumor agents, even though they have also proved to be effective in many inflammatory diseases. Cytokine release from immune system cells characterizes many autoimmune inflammatory disorders, including type I diabetes, in which the inflammatory state causes β cell loss. Nevertheless, growing evidence supports a concomitant implication of glucagon secreting α cells in type I diabetes progression. Here, we provide evidence on the activation of a survival pathway, mediated by PARP-14, in pancreatic α cells, following treatment of αTC1.6 glucagonoma and βTC1 insulinoma cell lines with a cytokine cocktail: interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Through qPCR, western blot and confocal analysis, we demonstrated higher expression levels of PARP-14 in αTC1.6 cells with respect to βTC1 cells under inflammatory stimuli. By cytofluorimetric and caspase-3 assays, we showed the higher resistance of α cells compared to β cells to apoptosis induced by cytokines. Furthermore, the ability of PJ-34 to modulate the expression of the proteins involved in the survival pathway suggests a protective role of PARP-14. These data shed light on a poorly characterized function of PARP-14 in αTC1.6 cells in inflammatory contexts, widening the potential pharmacological applications of PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana D'Angeli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marina Scalia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Matilde Cirnigliaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Trovato-Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vittoria Spina-Purrello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vittoria Spina-Purrello
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30
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Combined Targeted Resequencing of Cytosine DNA Methylation and Mutations of DNA Repair Genes with Potential Use for Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Inhibitor Sensitivity Testing. J Mol Diagn 2018; 21:198-213. [PMID: 30576872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current molecular tumor diagnostics encompass panel sequencing to detect mutations, copy number alterations, and rearrangements. However, tumor suppressor genes can also be inactivated by methylation within their promoter region. These epigenetic alterations are so far rarely assessed in the clinical setting. Therefore, we established the AllCap protocol facilitating the combined detection of mutations and DNA methylation at the coding and promoter regions of 342 DNA repair genes in one experiment. We demonstrate the use of the protocol by applying it to ovarian cancer cell lines with different responsiveness to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition. BRCA1, ATM, ATR, and EP300 mutations and methylation of the BRCA1 promoter were detected as potential predictors for therapy response. The required amount of input DNA was optimized, and the application to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples was verified to improve the clinical applicability. Thus, by adding DNA methylation values to panel resequencings, the AllCap assay will add another important level of information to clinical tests and will improve stratification of patients for systemic therapies.
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31
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Deris Zayeri Z, Tahmasebi Birgani M, Mohammadi Asl J, Kashipazha D, Hajjari M. A novel infram deletion in MSH6 gene in glioma: Conversation on MSH6 mutations in brain tumors. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:11092-11102. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Deris Zayeri
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Maryam Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Medical Genetics School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi Asl
- Department of Medical Genetics School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Noor Medical Genetic Laboratory Ahvaz Khuzestan Iran
| | - Davood Kashipazha
- Department of Neurology Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Hajjari
- Department of Genetics Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran
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ABT-888 restores sensitivity in temozolomide resistant glioma cells and xenografts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202860. [PMID: 30153289 PMCID: PMC6112648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temozolomide (TMZ) is active against glioblastomas (GBM) in which the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene is silenced. However, even in responsive cases, its beneficial effect is undermined by the emergence of drug resistance. Here, we tested whether inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and -2 (PARP) enhanced the effectiveness of TMZ. METHODS Using patient derived brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs) and orthotopic xenografts as models of newly diagnosed and recurrent high-grade glioma, we assessed the effects of TMZ, ABT-888, and the combination of TMZ and ABT-888 on the viability of BTICs and survival of tumor-bearing mice. We also studied DNA damage repair, checkpoint protein phosphorylation, and DNA replication in mismatch repair (MMR) deficient cells treated with TMZ and TMZ plus ABT-888. RESULTS Cells and xenografts derived from newly diagnosed MGMT methylated high-grade gliomas were sensitive to TMZ while those derived from unmethylated and recurrent gliomas were typically resistant. ABT-888 had no effect on the viability of BTICs or tumor bearing mice, but co-treatment with TMZ restored sensitivity in resistant cells and xenografts from newly diagnosed unmethylated gliomas and recurrent gliomas with MSH6 mutations. In contrast, the addition of ABT-888 to TMZ had little sensitizing effect on cells and xenografts derived from newly diagnosed methylated gliomas. In a model of acquired TMZ resistance mediated by loss of MMR gene MSH6, re-sensitization to TMZ by ABT-888 was accompanied by persistent DNA strand breaks, re-engagement of checkpoint kinase signaling, and interruption of DNA synthesis. CONCLUSION In laboratory models, the addition of ABT-888 to TMZ overcame resistance to TMZ.
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33
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Anson DM, Wilcox RM, Huseman ED, Stump TA, Paris RL, Darkwah BO, Lin S, Adegoke AO, Gryka RJ, Jean-Louis DS, Amos S. Luteolin Decreases Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:678-686. [PMID: 29935053 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are a subtype of gliomas, which are the most aggressive and deadly form of brain tumours. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over-expressed and amplified in glioblastomas. Luteolin is a common bioflavonoid found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular and biological effects of luteolin on EGF-induced cell proliferation and the potential of luteolin to induce apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. In vitro cell viability assays demonstrated that luteolin decreased cell proliferation in the presence or absence of EGF. Immunoblots revealed that luteolin decreased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, p70S6K and MAPK in the presence of EGF. Furthermore, our results revealed the ability of luteolin to induce caspase and PARP cleavages in glioblastoma cells in addition to promoting cell cycle arrest. Our results demonstrated that luteolin has an inhibitory effect on downstream signalling molecules activated by EGFR, particularly the Akt and MAPK signalling pathways, and provided a rationale for further clinical investigation into the use of luteolin as a therapeutic molecule in the management of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Anson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Rachel M Wilcox
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Eric D Huseman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Trevor A Stump
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Robert L Paris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Belinda O Darkwah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Stacy Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Andrea O Adegoke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca J Gryka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Denise S Jean-Louis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Samson Amos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
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34
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Franzese O, Battaini F, Graziani G, Tentori L, Barbaccia ML, Aquino A, Roselli M, Fuggetta MP, Bonmassar E, Torino F. Drug-induced xenogenization of tumors: A possible role in the immune control of malignant cell growth in the brain? Pharmacol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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35
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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhong Y, Zhang Z, Wang R, Jin M, Gong M, Qiu Y, Kong D. Antiproliferative effect of ZSTK474 alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs on HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39064-39076. [PMID: 28388564 PMCID: PMC5503595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While chemotherapy remains to be one of the main approaches in the clinical treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a serious problem which limits the therapeutic efficacy. The important roles of the PI3K/Akt pathway in modulating cell proliferation and MDR suggest that PI3K inhibitor might be effective for treatment of AML. In the present study, the antiproliferative effects of PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 on AML cell HL60 and the adriamycin (ADR)-resistant HL60/ADR cells were investigated. Our data indicated that ZSTK474 exhibited potent antiproliferative activity, induced G1 cell cycle arrest, but no obvious apoptosis in both cell lines. Moreover, ZSTK474 affected the protein levels of cell-cycle-related molecules including increased p27, decreased cyclin D1 and phosphorylated Rb in dose-dependent manner. The proteins downstream of PI3K including phosphorylated PDK1, Akt and GSK-3β were reduced in a dose-dependent manner after ZSTK474 treatment. ZSTK474 reversed ADR resistance, increased the intracellular accumulation of ADR, and reduced the expression and function of multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins including both P-gp and MRP1 in HL60/ADR cells. The combination of ZSTK474 and chemotherapeutic drugs cytarabine or vincristine led to a synergistic effect in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. In conclusion, ZSTK474 showed potent antiproliferative effect on HL60 and HL60/ADR cells; combination with cytarabine or vincristine resulted in synergistic effect. Our results suggest ZSTK474 has the potential to be applied in the treatment of AML patients, while further evidences particularly those about in vivo efficacy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiang Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Min Gong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
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36
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Murnyák B, Kouhsari MC, Hershkovitch R, Kálmán B, Marko-Varga G, Klekner Á, Hortobágyi T. PARP1 expression and its correlation with survival is tumour molecular subtype dependent in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:46348-46362. [PMID: 28654422 PMCID: PMC5542272 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of PARP1 exists in various cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM). Although PARP1 inhibition is a promising therapeutic target, no comprehensive study has addressed PARP1's expression characteristics and prognostic role regarding molecular heterogeneity in astrocytomas including GBM. Our aim was to evaluate PARP1's associations with survival, WHO grade, lineage specific markers, and GBM transcriptomic subtypes. We collected genomic and clinical data from the latest glioma datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas and performed PARP1, ATRX, IDH1, and p53 immunohistochemistry on GBM tissue samples. We demonstrated that PARP1 gain and increased mRNA expression are characteristics of high-grade astrocytomas, particularly of Proneural and Classical GBM subtypes. Additionally, higher PARP1 levels exhibited an inverse correlation with patient survival (p<0.005) in the Classical subgroup. ATRX (p=0.006), and TP53 (p=0.015) mutations were associated with increased PARP1 expression and PARP1 protein level correlated with ATRX loss and p53 overexpression. Furthermore, higher PARP1 expression together with wildtype TP53 indicated shorter survival (p=0.039). Therefore, due to subtype specificity, PARP1 expression level and TP53 mutation status are reliable marker candidates to distinguish Proneural and Classical subtypes, with prognostic and therapeutic implications in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Murnyák
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mahan C Kouhsari
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rotem Hershkovitch
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bernadette Kálmán
- Institute of Diagnostics, Faculty of the Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.,Molecular Pathology Unit, Markusovszky Teaching Hospital, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Division of Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Álmos Klekner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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37
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Hombach-Klonisch S, Mehrpour M, Shojaei S, Harlos C, Pitz M, Hamai A, Siemianowicz K, Likus W, Wiechec E, Toyota BD, Hoshyar R, Seyfoori A, Sepehri Z, Ande SR, Khadem F, Akbari M, Gorman AM, Samali A, Klonisch T, Ghavami S. Glioblastoma and chemoresistance to alkylating agents: Involvement of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 184:13-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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38
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Chen Y, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Zhong Y, Fan G, Zhang Z, Wang R, Jin M, Qiu Y, Kong D. Stellettin B induces apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells via targeting PI3K and Stat5. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28906-28921. [PMID: 28423649 PMCID: PMC5438702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel agents are still urgently expected for therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The in vitro anti-leukemia activity of Stellettin B (Stel B), a triterpenoid we isolated from marine sponge Jaspis stellifera, on human CML K562 and KU812 cells was recently investigated. Stel B inhibited K562 and KU812 cell proliferation with IC50 as 0.035 μM and 0.95 μM respectively. While no obvious cell cycle arrest was observed, apoptosis was induced in K562 cells after Stel B treatment. The Stel B-induced apoptosis might be in mitochondrial pathway, with increase of Bad and Bax, decrease of Bcl-2 and activation of caspase-9. In addition, dose-dependent increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) occurred. Meanwhile, Stel B inhibited phosphorylation of Stat5, expression of 4 PI3K catalytic isoforms, and phosphorylation of the downstream effectors including PDK1 and Akt, suggesting that inhibition against Stat5 and PI3K might be involved in the apoptosis-inducing effect. Combination of Stel B with Imatinib with ratio as IC50 Stel B : 5×IC50 Imatinib led to synergistic effect. Stel B might become a promising candidate for CML therapy alone or together with Imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Chen
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qianxiang Zhou
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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39
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Atzori MG, Tentori L, Ruffini F, Ceci C, Lisi L, Bonanno E, Scimeca M, Eskilsson E, Daubon T, Miletic H, Ricci Vitiani L, Pallini R, Navarra P, Bjerkvig R, D'Atri S, Lacal PM, Graziani G. The anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 monoclonal antibody D16F7 inhibits invasiveness of human glioblastoma and glioblastoma stem cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:106. [PMID: 28797294 PMCID: PMC5553938 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly migratory, invasive, and angiogenic brain tumor. Like vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), placental growth factor (PlGF) promotes GBM angiogenesis. VEGF-A is a ligand for both VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and VEGFR-2, while PlGF interacts exclusively with VEGFR-1. We recently generated the novel anti-VEGFR-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) D16F7 that diminishes VEGFR-1 homodimerization/activation without affecting VEGF-A and PlGF binding. METHODS In the present study, we evaluated the expression of VEGFR-1 in human GBM tissue samples (n = 42) by immunohistochemistry, in cell lines (n = 6) and GBM stem cells (GSCs) (n = 18) by qRT-PCR and/or western blot analysis. In VEGFR-1 positive GBM or GSCs we also analyzed the ability of D16F7 to inhibit GBM invasiveness in response to VEGF-A and PlGF. RESULTS Most of GBM specimens stained positively for VEGFR-1 and all but one GBM cell lines expressed VEGFR-1. On the other hand, in GSCs the expression of the receptor was heterogeneous. D16F7 reduced migration and invasion of VEGFR-1 positive GBM cell lines and patient-derived GSCs in response to VEGF-A and PlGF. Interestingly, this effect was also observed in VEGFR-1 positive GSCs transfected to over-express wild-type EGFR (EGFRwt+) or mutant EGFR (ligand binding domain-deficient EGFRvIII+). Furthermore, D16F7 suppressed intracellular signal transduction in VEGFR-1 over-expressing GBM cells by reducing receptor auto-phosphorylation at tyrosine 1213 and downstream Erk1/2 activation induced by receptor ligands. CONCLUSION The results from this study suggest that VEGFR-1 is a relevant target for GBM therapy and that D16F7-derived humanized mAbs warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Atzori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Tentori
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ruffini
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, "Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata"-IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta, 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Ceci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Lisi
- Istituto di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eskil Eskilsson
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Daubon
- INSERM U1029, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hrvoje Miletic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lucia Ricci Vitiani
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, "Istituto Superiore di Sanità" (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Pallini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Navarra
- Istituto di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia.,UOC di Farmacologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefania D'Atri
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, "Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata"-IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta, 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Pedro Miguel Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, "Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata"-IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta, 104, 00167, Rome, Italy.
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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40
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Lesueur P, Chevalier F, Austry JB, Waissi W, Burckel H, Noël G, Habrand JL, Saintigny Y, Joly F. Poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase inhibitors as radiosensitizers: a systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical human studies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69105-69124. [PMID: 28978184 PMCID: PMC5620324 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-(ADP-Ribose)-Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are becoming important actors of anti-neoplasic agents landscape, with recent but narrow FDA's approvals for ovarian BRCA mutated cancers and prostatic cancer. Nevertheless, PARP inhibitors are also promising drugs for combined treatments particularly with radiotherapy. More than seven PARP inhibitors have been currently developed. Central Role of PARP in DNA repair, makes consider PARP inhibitor as potential radiosensitizers, especially for tumors with DNA repair defects, such as BRCA mutation, because of synthetic lethality. Furthermore the replication-dependent activity of PARP inhibitor helps to maintain the differential effect between tumoral and healthy tissues. Inhibition of chromatin remodeling, G2/M arrest, vasodilatory effect induced by PARP inhibitor, also participate to their radio-sensitization effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, after highlighting mechanisms of PARP inhibitors radiosensitization we methodically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Databases and meeting proceedings for human pre-clinical and clinical studies that evaluated PARP inhibitor radiosensitizing effect. Enhancement ratio, when available, was systematically reported. RESULTS Sixty four studies finally met our selection criteria and were included in the analysis. Only three pre-clinical studies didn't find any radiosensitizing effect. Median enhancement ratio vary from 1,3 for prostate tumors to 1,5 for lung cancers. Nine phase I or II trials assessed safety data. CONCLUSION PARP inhibitors are promising radiosensitizers, but need more clinical investigation. The next ten years will be determining for judging their real potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lesueur
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France.,Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Radiotherapy Unit, 14000 Caen, France
| | - François Chevalier
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Austry
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Waisse Waissi
- EA 3430, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie, Centre Paul Strauss, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Burckel
- EA 3430, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie, Centre Paul Strauss, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Georges Noël
- EA 3430, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie, Centre Paul Strauss, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Louis Habrand
- Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Radiotherapy Unit, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Yannick Saintigny
- Laboratoire d'Accueil et de Recherche avec les Ions Accélérés, CEA, CIMAP-GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Florence Joly
- Centre Francois Baclesse Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Clinical Research Unit, 14000 Caen, France
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Jue TR, Nozue K, Lester AJ, Joshi S, Schroder LBW, Whittaker SP, Nixdorf S, Rapkins RW, Khasraw M, McDonald KL. Veliparib in combination with radiotherapy for the treatment of MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2017; 15:61. [PMID: 28314386 PMCID: PMC5356284 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) gene is frequently unmethylated in patients with glioblastoma (GBM), rendering them non-responsive to the standard treatment regime of surgery followed by concurrent radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide. Here, we investigate the efficacy of adding a PARP inhibitor, veliparib, to radiotherapy to treat MGMT unmethylated GBM. Methods The inhibition of PARP with veliparib (ABT-888), a potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor in combination with RT was tested on a panel of patient derived cell lines (PDCLs) and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models generated from GBM patients with MGMT unmethylated tumors. Results The combination of veliparib and RT inhibited colony formation in the majority of PDCLs tested. The PDCL, RN1 showed significantly reduced levels of the homologous repair protein, Mre11 and a heightened response to PARP inhibition measured by increased apoptosis and decreased colony formation. The oral administration of veliparib (12.5 mg/kg, twice daily for 5 days in a 28-day treatment cycle) in combination with whole brain RT (4 Gy) induced apoptosis (Tunel staining) and decreased cell proliferation (Ki67 staining) in a PDX of MGMT unmethylated GBM. Significantly longer survival times of the PDX treated with the combination treatment were recorded compared to RT only or veliparib only. Conclusions Our results demonstrate preclinical efficacy of targeting PARP at multiple levels and provide a new approach for the treatment of MGMT unmethylated GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Rose Jue
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Kyoko Nozue
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Ashleigh J Lester
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Swapna Joshi
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Lisette B W Schroder
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Shane P Whittaker
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Sheri Nixdorf
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | - Robert W Rapkins
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia
| | | | - Kerrie L McDonald
- Cure Brain Cancer Biomarkers and Translational Research Group, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Kensington, Australia.
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Prakasha Gowda AS, Suo Z, Spratt TE. Honokiol Inhibits DNA Polymerases β and λ and Increases Bleomycin Sensitivity of Human Cancer Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:715-725. [PMID: 28067485 PMCID: PMC5665024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A major concept to sensitize cancer cells to DNA damaging agents is by inhibiting proteins in the DNA repair pathways. X-family DNA polymerases play critical roles in both base excision repair (BER) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). In this study, we examined the effectiveness of honokiol to inhibit human DNA polymerase β (pol β), which is involved in BER, and DNA polymerase λ (pol λ), which is involved in NHEJ. Kinetic analysis with purified polymerases showed that honokiol inhibited DNA polymerase activity. The inhibition mode for the polymerases was a mixed-function noncompetitive inhibition with respect to the substrate, dCTP. The X-family polymerases, pol β and pol λ, were slightly more sensitive to inhibition by honokiol based on the Ki value of 4.0 μM for pol β, and 8.3 μM for pol λ, while the Ki values for pol η and Kf were 20 and 26 μM, respectively. Next we extended our studies to determine the effect of honokiol on the cytotoxicity of bleomycin and temozolomide in human cancer cell lines A549, MCF7, PANC-1, UACC903, and normal blood lymphocytes (GM12878). Bleomycin causes both single strand DNA damage that is repaired by BER and double strand breaks that are repaired by NHEJ, while temozolomide causes methylation damage repaired by BER and O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase. The greatest effects were found with the honokiol and bleomycin combination in MCF7, PANC-1, and UACC903 cells, in which the EC50 values were decreased 10-fold. The temozolomide and honokiol combination was less effective; the EC50 values decreased three-fold due to the combination. It is hypothesized that the greater effect of honokiol on bleomycin is due to inhibition of the repair of the single strand and double strand damage. The synergistic activity shown by the combination of bleomycin and honokiol suggests that they can be used as combination therapy for treatment of cancer, which will decrease the therapeutic dosage and side effects of bleomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Prakasha Gowda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Zucai Suo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Thomas E. Spratt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
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Cerrato A, Morra F, Celetti A. Use of poly ADP-ribose polymerase [PARP] inhibitors in cancer cells bearing DDR defects: the rationale for their inclusion in the clinic. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2016; 35:179. [PMID: 27884198 PMCID: PMC5123312 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage response (DDR) defects imply genomic instability and favor tumor progression but make the cells vulnerable to the pharmacological inhibition of the DNA repairing enzymes. Targeting cellular proteins like PARPs, which cooperate and complement molecular defects of the DDR process, induces a specific lethality in DDR defective cancer cells and represents an anti-cancer strategy. Normal cells can tolerate the DNA damage generated by PARP inhibition because of an efficient homologous recombination mechanism (HR); in contrast, cancer cells with a deficient HR are unable to manage the DSBs and appear especially sensitive to the PARP inhibitors (PARPi) effects. MAIN BODY In this review we discuss the proof of concept for the use of PARPi in different cancer types and the success and failure of their inclusion in clinical trials. The PARP inhibitor Olaparib [AZD2281] has been approved by the FDA for use in pretreated ovarian cancer patients with defective BRCA1/2 genes, and by the EMEA for maintenance therapy in platinum sensitive ovarian cancer patients with defective BRCA1/2 genes. BRCA mutations are now recognised as the molecular targets for PARPi sensitivity in several tumors. However, it is noteworthy that the use of PARPi has shown its efficacy also in non-BRCA related tumors. Several trials are ongoing to test different PARPi in different cancer types. Here we review the concept of BRCAness and the functional loss of proteins involved in DDR/HR mechanisms in cancer, including additional molecules that can influence the cancer cells sensitivity to PARPi. Given the complexity of the existing crosstalk between different DNA repair pathways, it is likely that a single biomarker may not be sufficient to predict the benefit of PARP inhibitors therapies. Novel general assays able to predict the DDR/HR proficiency in cancer cells and the PARPi sensitivity represent a challenge for a personalized therapy. CONCLUSIONS PARP inhibition is a potentially important strategy for managing a significant subset of tumors. The discovery of both germline and somatic DNA repair deficiencies in different cancer patients, together with the development of new PARP inhibitors that can kill selectively cancer cells is a potent example of targeting therapy to molecularly defined tumor subtypes.
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Węsierska-Gądek J, Mauritz M, Mitulovic G, Cupo M. Differential Potential of Pharmacological PARP Inhibitors for Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Inducing Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2824-39. [PMID: 25981734 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1/2-mutant cells are hypersensitive to inactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). We recently showed that inhibition of PARP-1 by NU1025 is strongly cytotoxic for BRCA1-positive BT-20 cells, but not BRCA1-deficient SKBr-3 cells. These results raised the possibility that other PARP-1 inhibitors, particularly those tested in clinical trials, may be more efficacious against BRCA1-deficient SKBr-3 breast cancer cells than NU1025. Thus, in the presented study the cytotoxicity of four PARP inhibitors under clinical evaluation (olaparib, rucaparib, iniparib and AZD2461) was examined and compared to that of NU1025. The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to the PARP-1 inhibition strongly varied. Remarkably, BRCA-1-deficient SKBr-3 cells were almost completely insensitive to NU1025, olaparib and rucaparib, whereas BRCA1-expressing BT-20 cells were strongly affected by NU1025 even at low doses. In contrast, iniparib and AZD2461 were cytotoxic for both BT-20 and SKBr-3 cells. Of the four tested PARP-1 inhibitors only AZD2461 strongly affected cell cycle progression. Interestingly, the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic potential of the tested PARP-1 inhibitors clearly correlated with their capacity to damage DNA. Further analyses revealed that proteomic signatures of the two studied breast cancer cell lines strongly differ, and a set of 197 proteins was differentially expressed in NU1025-treated BT-20 cancer cells. These results indicate that BT-20 cells may harbor an unknown defect in DNA repair pathway(s) rendering them sensitive to PARP-1 inhibition. They also imply that therapeutic applicability of PARP-1 inhibitors is not limited to BRCA mutation carriers but can be extended to patients harboring deficiencies in other components of the pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Józefa Węsierska-Gądek
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Mauritz
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Goran Mitulovic
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine Proteomics Core Facility, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Maria Cupo
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cell Cycle Regulation Group, Vienna, Austria
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Lok BH, Gardner EE, Schneeberger VE, Ni A, Desmeules P, Rekhtman N, de Stanchina E, Teicher BA, Riaz N, Powell SN, Poirier JT, Rudin CM. PARP Inhibitor Activity Correlates with SLFN11 Expression and Demonstrates Synergy with Temozolomide in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:523-535. [PMID: 27440269 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are a novel class of small molecule therapeutics for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Identification of predictors of response would advance our understanding, and guide clinical application, of this therapeutic strategy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Efficacy of PARP inhibitors olaparib, rucaparib, and veliparib, as well as etoposide and cisplatin in SCLC cell lines, and gene expression correlates, was analyzed using public datasets. HRD genomic scar scores were calculated from Affymetrix SNP 6.0 arrays. In vitro talazoparib efficacy was measured by cell viability assays. For functional studies, CRISPR/Cas9 and shRNA were used for genomic editing and transcript knockdown, respectively. Protein levels were assessed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Quantitative synergy of talazoparib and temozolomide was determined in vitro In vivo efficacy of talazoparib, temozolomide, and the combination was assessed in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. RESULTS We identified SLFN11, but not HRD genomic scars, as a consistent correlate of response to all three PARPi assessed, with loss of SLFN11 conferring resistance to PARPi. We confirmed these findings in vivo across multiple PDX and defined IHC staining for SLFN11 as a predictor of talazoparib response. As temozolomide has activity in SCLC, we investigated combination therapy with talazoparib and found marked synergy in vitro and efficacy in vivo, which did not solely depend on SLFN11 or MGMT status. CONCLUSIONS SLFN11 is a relevant predictive biomarker of sensitivity to PARP inhibitor monotherapy in SCLC and we identify combinatorial therapy with TMZ as a particularly promising therapeutic strategy that warrants further clinical investigation. Clin Cancer Res; 23(2); 523-35. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Lok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Eric E Gardner
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Pharmacology Graduate Training Program, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Andy Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Patrice Desmeules
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Natasha Rekhtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Anti-Tumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Beverly A Teicher
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Simon N Powell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - John T Poirier
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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JNK Activation Contributes to Oxidative Stress-Induced Parthanatos in Glioma Cells via Increase of Intracellular ROS Production. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3492-3505. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Stepanenko AA, Andreieva SV, Korets KV, Mykytenko DO, Baklaushev VP, Huleyuk NL, Kovalova OA, Kotsarenko KV, Chekhonin VP, Vassetzky YS, Avdieiev SS, Dmitrenko VV. Temozolomide promotes genomic and phenotypic changes in glioblastoma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:36. [PMID: 27158244 PMCID: PMC4858898 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first-line drug for the treatment of glioblastoma. Long-term TMZ-treated tumour cells acquire TMZ resistance by profound reprogramming of the transcriptome, proteome, kinome, metabolism, and demonstrate versatile and opposite changes in proliferation, invasion, in vivo growth, and drug cross-resistance. We hypothesized that chromosomal instability (CIN) may be implicated in the generation of TMZ-driven molecular and phenotype diversity. CIN refers to the rate (cell-to-cell variability) with which whole chromosomes or portions of chromosomes are gained or lost. METHODS The long-term TMZ-treated cell lines were established in vitro (U251TMZ1, U251TMZ2, T98GTMZ and C6TMZ) and in vivo (C6R2TMZ). A glioma model was achieved by the intracerebral stereotactic implantation of C6 cells into the striatum region of rats. Genomic and phenotypic changes were analyzed by conventional cytogenetics, array CGH, trypan blue exclusion assay, soft agar colony formation assay, scratch wound healing assay, transwell invasion assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. RESULTS Long-term TMZ treatment increased CIN-mediated genomic diversity in U251TMZ1, U251TMZ2 and T98GTMZ cells but reduced it in C6TMZ and C6R2TMZ cells. U251TMZ1 and U251TMZ2 cell lines, established in parallel with a similar treatment procedure with the only difference in the duration of treatment, underwent individual phenotypic changes. U251TMZ1 had a reduced proliferation and invasion but increased migration, whereas U251TMZ2 had an enhanced proliferation and invasion but no changes in migration. U251TMZ1 and U251TMZ2 cells demonstrated individual patterns in expression/activation of signal transduction proteins (e.g., MDM2, p53, ERK, AKT, and ASK). C6TMZ and C6R2TMZ cells had lower proliferation, colony formation efficiency and migration, whereas T98GTMZ cells had increased colony formation efficiency without any changes in proliferation, migration, and invasion. TMZ-treated lines demonstrated a differential response to a reduction in glucose concentration and an increased resistance to TMZ re-challenge but not temsirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) or U0126 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) treatment. CONCLUSION Long-term TMZ treatment selected resistant genotype-phenotype variants or generated novel versatile phenotypes by increasing CIN. An increase of resistance to TMZ re-challenge seems to be the only predictable trait intrinsic to all long-term TMZ-treated tumour cells. Changes in genomic diversity may be responsible for heterogeneous phenotypes of TMZ-treated cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei A Stepanenko
- Department of Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
| | - Svitlana V Andreieva
- Department of Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
| | - Kateryna V Korets
- Department of Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
| | - Dmytro O Mykytenko
- Department of Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
| | - Vladimir P Baklaushev
- Department of Medicinal Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Ostrovitianov str. 1, Moscow, 117997 Russia ; Federal Research and Clinical Centre, FMBA of Russia, Orekhoviy Bulvar str. 28, Moscow, 115682 Russia
| | - Nataliya L Huleyuk
- Department of Diagnostic of Hereditary Pathology, Institute of Hereditary Pathology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Lysenko str. 31A, Lviv, 79008 Ukraine
| | - Oksana A Kovalova
- Department of Experimental Cell System, R.E.Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Vasylkivska str. 45, Kiev, 03022 Ukraine
| | - Kateryna V Kotsarenko
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
| | - Vladimir P Chekhonin
- Department of Medicinal Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Ostrovitianov str. 1, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - Yegor S Vassetzky
- CNRS UMR8126, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud 11, Camille-Desmoulins str. 39, Villejuif, 94805 France
| | - Stanislav S Avdieiev
- Department of Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
| | - Vladimir V Dmitrenko
- Department of Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo str. 150, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine
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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhao W, Zhong Y, Wang R, Jin M, Qiu Y, Kong D. In Vitro Antileukemia Activity of ZSTK474 on K562 and Multidrug Resistant K562/A02 Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:631-8. [PMID: 27194941 PMCID: PMC4870707 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.14878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a malignant hematological disorder mainly caused by the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. While Bcr-Abl inhibitors including Imatinib showed antitumor efficacy on many CML patients, resistance was frequently reported in recent years. Therefore, novel drugs for CML are still expected. ZSTK474 is a specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor that we identified. In the present study, the efficacy of ZSTK474, alone or in combination with Imatinib, on K562 CML cells as well as on its multidrug resistance counterpart K562/A02 cells, was investigated. ZSTK474 inhibited the cell proliferation with an IC50 of 4.69 μM for K562 and 7.57 μM for K562/A02 cells, respectively. Treatment by ZSTK474 resulted in cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, which might be associated with upregulation of p27, and downregulation of cyclin D1. ZSTK474 also inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β, which might be involved in the effect on the above cell cycle-related proteins. Moreover, combination of ZSTK474 and Imatinib indicated synergistic effect on both cell lines. In conclusion, ZSTK474 exhibited antileukemia activity alone, and showed synergistic effect when combined with Imatinib, on CML K562 cells as well as the multidrug resistant ones, providing a potential therapeutic approach for CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiang Zhou
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;; 2. Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yali Chen
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;; 2. Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;; 2. Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wennan Zhao
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;; 2. Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- 3. State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ran Wang
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- 1. Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;; 2. Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Kitange GJ, Mladek AC, Schroeder MA, Pokorny JC, Carlson BL, Zhang Y, Nair AA, Lee JH, Yan H, Decker PA, Zhang Z, Sarkaria JN. Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 4 Modulates Temozolomide Sensitivity in Glioblastoma by Regulating DNA Repair Proteins. Cell Rep 2016; 14:2587-98. [PMID: 26972001 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we provide evidence that RBBP4 modulates temozolomide (TMZ) sensitivity through coordinate regulation of two key DNA repair genes critical for recovery from TMZ-induced DNA damage: methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) and RAD51. Disruption of RBBP4 enhanced TMZ sensitivity, induced synthetic lethality to PARP inhibition, and increased DNA damage signaling in response to TMZ. Moreover, RBBP4 silencing enhanced TMZ-induced H2AX phosphorylation and apoptosis in GBM cells. Intriguingly, RBBP4 knockdown suppressed the expression of MGMT, RAD51, and other genes in association with decreased promoter H3K9 acetylation (H3K9Ac) and increased H3K9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3). Consistent with these data, RBBP4 interacts with CBP/p300 to form a chromatin-modifying complex that binds within the promoter of MGMT, RAD51, and perhaps other genes. Globally, RBBP4 positively and negatively regulates genes involved in critical cellular functions including tumorigenesis. The RBBP4/CBP/p300 complex may provide an interesting target for developing therapy-sensitizing strategies for GBM and other tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspar J Kitange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mark A Schroeder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jenny C Pokorny
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yuji Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Asha A Nair
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jeong-Heon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Huihuang Yan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Abstract
An underlying hallmark of cancers is their genomic instability, which is associated with a greater propensity to accumulate DNA damage. Historical treatment of cancer by radiotherapy and DNA-damaging chemotherapy is based on this principle, yet it is accompanied by significant collateral damage to normal tissue and unwanted side effects. Targeted therapy based on inhibiting the DNA damage response (DDR) in cancers offers the potential for a greater therapeutic window by tailoring treatment to patients with tumors lacking specific DDR functions. The recent approval of olaparib (Lynparza), the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor for treating tumors harboring BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, represents the first medicine based on this principle, exploiting an underlying cause of tumor formation that also represents an Achilles' heel. This review highlights the different concepts behind targeting DDR in cancer and how this can provide significant opportunities for DDR-based therapies in the future.
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