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Staniszewska AD, Pilger D, Gill SJ, Jamal K, Bohin N, Guzzetti S, Gordon J, Hamm G, Mundin G, Illuzzi G, Pike A, McWilliams L, Maglennon G, Rose J, Hawthorne G, Cortes Gonzalez M, Halldin C, Johnström P, Schou M, Critchlow SE, Fawell S, Johannes JW, Leo E, Davies BR, Cosulich S, Sarkaria JN, O'Connor MJ, Hamerlik P. Preclinical Characterization of AZD9574, a Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrant Inhibitor of PARP1. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1338-1351. [PMID: 37967136 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the properties and activity of AZD9574, a blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant selective inhibitor of PARP1, and assessed its efficacy and safety alone and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in preclinical models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AZD9574 was interrogated in vitro for selectivity, PARylation inhibition, PARP-DNA trapping, the ability to cross the BBB, and the potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In vivo efficacy was determined using subcutaneous as well as intracranial mouse xenograft models. Mouse, rat, and monkey were used to assess AZD9574 BBB penetration and rat models were used to evaluate potential hematotoxicity for AZD9574 monotherapy and the TMZ combination. RESULTS AZD9574 demonstrated PARP1-selectivity in fluorescence anisotropy, PARylation, and PARP-DNA trapping assays and in vivo experiments demonstrated BBB penetration. AZD9574 showed potent single agent efficacy in preclinical models with homologous recombination repair deficiency in vitro and in vivo. In an O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-methylated orthotopic glioma model, AZD9574 in combination with TMZ was superior in extending the survival of tumor-bearing mice compared with TMZ alone. CONCLUSIONS The combination of three key features-PARP1 selectivity, PARP1 trapping profile, and high central nervous system penetration in a single molecule-supports the development of AZD9574 as the best-in-class PARP inhibitor for the treatment of primary and secondary brain tumors. As documented by in vitro and in vivo studies, AZD9574 shows robust anticancer efficacy as a single agent as well as in combination with TMZ. AZD9574 is currently in a phase I trial (NCT05417594). See related commentary by Lynce and Lin, p. 1217.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenic Pilger
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja J Gill
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kunzah Jamal
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Natacha Bohin
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Guzzetti
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Gordon
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gill Mundin
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giuditta Illuzzi
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Pike
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa McWilliams
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Maglennon
- Pathology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Rose
- Animal Sciences and Technologies, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Glen Hawthorne
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PET Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Schou
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PET Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Elisabetta Leo
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Barry R Davies
- Projects Group, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sabina Cosulich
- Projects Group, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark J O'Connor
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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2
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Chen J, Laverty DJ, Talele S, Bale A, Carlson BL, Porath KA, Bakken KK, Burgenske DM, Decker PA, Vaubel RA, Eckel-Passow JE, Bhargava R, Lou Z, Hamerlik P, Harley B, Elmquist WF, Nagel ZD, Gupta SK, Sarkaria JN. Aberrant ATM signaling and homology-directed DNA repair as a vulnerability of p53-mutant GBM to AZD1390-mediated radiosensitization. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadj5962. [PMID: 38354228 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj5962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
ATM is a key mediator of radiation response, and pharmacological inhibition of ATM is a rational strategy to radiosensitize tumors. AZD1390 is a brain-penetrant ATM inhibitor and a potent radiosensitizer. This study evaluated the spectrum of radiosensitizing effects and the impact of TP53 mutation status in a panel of IDH1 wild-type (WT) glioblastoma (GBM) patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). AZD1390 suppressed radiation-induced ATM signaling, abrogated G0-G1 arrest, and promoted a proapoptotic response specifically in p53-mutant GBM in vitro. In a preclinical trial using 10 orthotopic GBM models, AZD1390/RT afforded benefit in a cohort of TP53-mutant tumors but not in TP53-WT PDXs. In mechanistic studies, increased endogenous DNA damage and constitutive ATM signaling were observed in TP53-mutant, but not in TP53-WT, PDXs. In plasmid-based reporter assays, GBM43 (TP53-mutant) showed elevated DNA repair capacity compared with that in GBM14 (p53-WT), whereas treatment with AZD1390 specifically suppressed homologous recombination (HR) efficiency, in part, by stalling RAD51 unloading. Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant-negative TP53 (p53DD) construct resulted in enhanced basal ATM signaling, HR activity, and AZD1390-mediated radiosensitization in GBM14. Analyzing RNA-seq data from TCGA showed up-regulation of HR pathway genes in TP53-mutant human GBM. Together, our results imply that increased basal ATM signaling and enhanced dependence on HR represent a unique susceptibility of TP53-mutant cells to ATM inhibitor-mediated radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Daniel J Laverty
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ashwin Bale
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kendra A Porath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Katrina K Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rachael A Vaubel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Brendan Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zachary D Nagel
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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3
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Petronek MS, Monga V, Bodeker KL, Kwofie M, Lee CY, Mapuskar KA, Stolwijk JM, Zaher A, Wagner BA, Smith MC, Vollstedt S, Brown H, Chandler ML, Lorack AC, Wulfekuhle JS, Sarkaria JN, Flynn RT, Greenlee JD, Howard MA, Smith BJ, Jones KA, Buettner GR, Cullen JJ, St-Aubin J, Buatti JM, Magnotta VA, Spitz DR, Allen BG. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Iron Metabolism with T2* Mapping Predicts an Enhanced Clinical Response to Pharmacologic Ascorbate in Patients with GBM. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:283-293. [PMID: 37773633 PMCID: PMC10841843 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pharmacologic ascorbate (P-AscH-) is hypothesized to be an iron (Fe)-dependent tumor-specific adjuvant to chemoradiation in treating glioblastoma (GBM). This study determined the efficacy of combining P-AscH- with radiation and temozolomide in a phase II clinical trial while simultaneously investigating a mechanism-based, noninvasive biomarker in T2* mapping to predict GBM response to P-AscH- in humans. PATIENTS AND METHODS The single-arm phase II clinical trial (NCT02344355) enrolled 55 subjects, with analysis performed 12 months following the completion of treatment. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared across patient subgroups with log-rank tests. Forty-nine of 55 subjects were evaluated using T2*-based MRI to assess its utility as an Fe-dependent biomarker. RESULTS Median OS was estimated to be 19.6 months [90% confidence interval (CI), 15.7-26.5 months], a statistically significant increase compared with historic control patients (14.6 months). Subjects with initial T2* relaxation < 50 ms were associated with a significant increase in PFS compared with T2*-high subjects (11.2 months vs. 5.7 months, P < 0.05) and a trend toward increased OS (26.5 months vs. 17.5 months). These results were validated in preclinical in vitro and in vivo model systems. CONCLUSIONS P-AscH- combined with temozolomide and radiotherapy has the potential to significantly enhance GBM survival. T2*-based MRI assessment of tumor iron content is a prognostic biomarker for GBM clinical outcomes. See related commentary by Nabavizadeh and Bagley, p. 255.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Monga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kellie L. Bodeker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael Kwofie
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chu-Yu Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kranti A. Mapuskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Amira Zaher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Brett A. Wagner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mark C. Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sandy Vollstedt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Heather Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Meghan L. Chandler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amanda C. Lorack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic; Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ryan T. Flynn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Brian J. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karra A. Jones
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Duke University; Durham, NC, USA
| | - Garry R. Buettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Joel St-Aubin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John M. Buatti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Douglas R. Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Bryan G. Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA, USA
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4
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Ji J, Dragojevic S, Callaghan CM, Smith EJ, Talele S, Zhang W, Connors MA, Mladek AC, Hu Z, Bakken KK, Sarkaria PP, Carlson BL, Burgenske DM, Decker PA, Rashid MA, Jang MH, Gupta SK, Eckel-Passow JE, Elmquist WF, Sarkaria JN. Differential distribution of the DNA-PKcs inhibitor peposertib selectively radiosensitizes patient-derived melanoma brain metastasis xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther 2024:733372. [PMID: 38224566 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Radioresistance of melanoma brain metastases limits the clinical utility of conventionally fractionated brain radiation in this disease, and strategies to improve radiation response could have significant clinical impact. The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA- PKcs) is critical for repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, and inhibitors of this kinase can have potent effects on radiation sensitivity. In this study, the radiosensitizing effects of the DNA-PKcs inhibitor peposertib were evaluated in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of melanoma brain metastases (M12, M15, M27). In clonogenic survival assays, peposertib augmented RT- induced killing of M12 cells at concentrations ≥100 nM, and a minimum of 16 h exposure allowed maximal sensitization. This information was integrated with pharmacokinetic modeling to define an optimal dosing regimen for peposertib of 125 mpk dosed just prior to and seven hours after irradiation. Using this drug dosing regimen in combination with 2.5 Gy x 5 fractions of radiation, significant prolongation in median survival was observed in M12-eGFP (104%; p=0.0015) and M15 (50%; p=0.03), while more limited effects were seen in M27 (16%, p=0.04). These data support the concept of developing peposertib as a radiosensitizer for brain metastases and provide a paradigm for integrating in vitro and pharmacokinetic data to define an optimal radiosensitizing regimen for potent DNA repair inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Ji
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, China
| | | | | | | | - Surabhi Talele
- University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, United States
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Zeng Hu
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mi-Hyeon Jang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, United States
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5
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Zhou W, Zhao Z, Lin A, Yang JZ, Xu J, Wilder-Romans K, Yang A, Li J, Solanki S, Speth JM, Walker N, Scott AJ, Wang L, Wen B, Andren A, Zhang L, Kothari AU, Yao Y, Peterson ER, Korimerla N, Werner CK, Ullrich A, Liang J, Jacobson J, Palavalasa S, O’Brien AM, Elaimy AL, Ferris SP, Zhao SG, Sarkaria JN, Győrffy B, Zhang S, Al-Holou WN, Umemura Y, Morgan MA, Lawrence TS, Lyssiotis CA, Peters-Golden M, Shah YM, Wahl DR. GTP Signaling Links Metabolism, DNA Repair, and Responses to Genotoxic Stress. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:158-175. [PMID: 37902550 PMCID: PMC10872631 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
How cell metabolism regulates DNA repair is incompletely understood. Here, we define a GTP-mediated signaling cascade that links metabolism to DNA repair and has significant therapeutic implications. GTP, but not other nucleotides, regulates the activity of Rac1, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein, which promotes the dephosphorylation of serine 323 on Abl-interactor 1 (Abi-1) by protein phosphatase 5 (PP5). Dephosphorylated Abi-1, a protein previously not known to activate DNA repair, promotes nonhomologous end joining. In patients and mouse models of glioblastoma, Rac1 and dephosphorylated Abi-1 mediate DNA repair and resistance to standard-of-care genotoxic treatments. The GTP-Rac1-PP5-Abi-1 signaling axis is not limited to brain cancer, as GTP supplementation promotes DNA repair and Abi-1-S323 dephosphorylation in nonmalignant cells and protects mouse tissues from genotoxic insult. This unexpected ability of GTP to regulate DNA repair independently of deoxynucleotide pools has important implications for normal physiology and cancer treatment. SIGNIFICANCE A newly described GTP-dependent signaling axis is an unexpected link between nucleotide metabolism and DNA repair. Disrupting this pathway can overcome cancer resistance to genotoxic therapy while augmenting it can mitigate genotoxic injury of normal tissues. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shan Xi, PR China
| | - Angelica Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Z Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kari Wilder-Romans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Annabel Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer M Speth
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Natalie Walker
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew J Scott
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Andren
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ayesha U Kothari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yangyang Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Erik R Peterson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Navyateja Korimerla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christian K Werner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Ullrich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessica Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Janna Jacobson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sravya Palavalasa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexandra M O’Brien
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ameer L Elaimy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean P Ferris
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shuang G Zhao
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; and TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shan Xi, PR China
| | - Wajd N Al-Holou
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yoshie Umemura
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Meredith A Morgan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Theodore S Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marc Peters-Golden
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Wahl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Lead contact
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6
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Neves ER, Anand A, Mueller J, Remy RA, Xu H, Selting KA, Sarkaria JN, Harley BA, Pedron-Haba S. Targeting glioblastoma tumor hyaluronan to enhance therapeutic interventions that regulate metabolic cell properties. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.05.574065. [PMID: 38260497 PMCID: PMC10802468 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.05.574065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite extensive advances in cancer research, glioblastoma (GBM) still remains a very locally invasive and thus challenging tumor to treat, with a poor median survival. Tumor cells remodel their microenvironment and utilize extracellular matrix to promote invasion and therapeutic resistance. We aim here to determine how GBM cells exploit hyaluronan (HA) to maintain proliferation using ligand-receptor dependent and ligand-receptor independent signaling. We use tissue engineering approaches to recreate the three-dimensional tumor microenvironment in vitro, then analyze shifts in metabolism, hyaluronan secretion, HA molecular weight distribution, as well as hyaluronan synthetic enzymes (HAS) and hyaluronidases (HYAL) activity in an array of patient derived xenograft GBM cells. We reveal that endogenous HA plays a role in mitochondrial respiration and cell proliferation in a tumor subtype dependent manner. We propose a tumor specific combination treatment of HYAL and HAS inhibitors to disrupt the HA stabilizing role in GBM cells. Taken together, these data shed light on the dual metabolic and ligand - dependent signaling roles of hyaluronan in glioblastoma. Significance The control of aberrant hyaluronan metabolism in the tumor microenvironment can improve the efficacy of current treatments. Bioengineered preclinical models demonstrate potential to predict, stratify and accelerate the development of cancer treatments.
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7
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Zhang W, Vaubel RA, Oh JH, Mladek AC, Talele S, Zhang W, Waller KL, Burgenske DM, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Delivery versus Potency in Treating Brain Tumors: BI-907828, a MDM2-p53 Antagonist with Limited BBB Penetration but Significant In Vivo Efficacy in Glioblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:47-55. [PMID: 37828724 PMCID: PMC10843165 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
MDM2-p53 inhibition may be effective in glioblastoma (GBM). This study evaluates the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of BI-907828, a potent antagonist of MDM2, in GBM, and demonstrates a translational paradigm with a focus on a unified "Delivery - Potency - Efficacy" relationship in drug development for central nervous system(CNS) tumors. BI-907828 was tested for cytotoxicity and MDM2-p53 pathway inhibition. Systemic pharmacokinetics and transport mechanisms controlling CNS distribution were evaluated in mice. BI-907828 free fractions in cell media, mouse and human specimens were measured to determine "active" unbound concentrations. Efficacy measures, including overall survival and target expression were assessed in mouse orthotopic GBM xenografts. BI-907828 exhibited potent inhibition of MDM2-p53 pathway and promoted cell death in GBM TP53 wild-type cells. MDM2-amplified cells are highly sensitive to BI-907828, with an effective unbound concentration of 0.1 nmol/L. The CNS distribution of BI-907828 is limited by blood-brain barrier (BBB) efflux mediated by P-gp, resulting in a Kp,uu_brain of 0.002. Despite this seemingly "poor" BBB penetration, weekly administration of 10 mg/kg BI-907828 extended median survival of orthotopic GBM108 xenografts from 28 to 218 days (P < 0.0001). This excellent efficacy can be attributed to high potency, resulting in a limited, yet effective, exposure in the CNS. These studies show that efficacy of BI-907828 in orthotopic models is related to high potency even though its CNS distribution is limited by BBB efflux. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of the "Delivery - Potency - Efficacy" relationship is warranted in drug discovery and development, especially for treatment of CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ann C. Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Katie L. Waller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William F. Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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8
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Zaher A, Mapuskar KA, Sarkaria JN, Spitz DR, Petronek MS, Allen BG. Differential H 2O 2 Metabolism among Glioblastoma Subtypes Confers Variable Responses to Pharmacological Ascorbate Therapy Combined with Chemoradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17158. [PMID: 38138986 PMCID: PMC10743151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly lethal and aggressive central nervous system malignancy, presents a critical need for targeted therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes in conjunction with standard-of-care (SOC) treatment. Molecular subtyping based on genetic profiles and metabolic characteristics has advanced our understanding of GBM to better predict its evolution, mechanisms, and treatment regimens. Pharmacological ascorbate (P-AscH-) has emerged as a promising supplementary cancer therapy, leveraging its pro-oxidant properties to selectively kill malignant cells when combined with SOC. Given the clinical challenges posed by the heterogeneity and resistance of various GBM subtypes to conventional SOC, our study assessed the response of classical, mesenchymal, and proneural GBM to P-AscH-. P-AscH- (20 pmol/cell) combined with SOC (5 µM temozolomide and 4 Gy of radiation) enhanced clonogenic cell killing in classical and mesenchymal GBM subtypes, with limited effects in the proneural subtype. Similarly, following exposure to P-AscH- (20 pmol/cell), single-strand DNA damage significantly increased in classical and mesenchymal but not proneural GBM. Moreover, proneural GBM exhibited increased hydrogen peroxide removal rates, along with increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities compared to mesenchymal and classical GBM, demonstrating an altered H2O2 metabolism that potentially drives differential P-AscH- toxicity. Taken together, these data suggest that P-AscH- may hold promise as an approach to improve SOC responsiveness in mesenchymal GBMs that are known for their resistance to SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Kranti A. Mapuskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Douglas R. Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Michael S. Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Bryan G. Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (D.R.S.)
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9
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Zhang W, Oh JH, Zhang W, Rathi S, Le J, Talele S, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. How Much is Enough? Impact of Efflux Transporters on Drug delivery Leading to Efficacy in the Treatment of Brain Tumors. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2731-2746. [PMID: 37589827 PMCID: PMC10841221 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of brain tumors is a serious unmet medical need. This can be attributed, in part, to inadequate delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the tumor-cell barrier, both of which have active efflux transporters that can restrict the transport of many potentially effective agents for both primary and metastatic brain tumors. This review briefly summarizes the components and function of the normal BBB with respect to drug penetration into the brain and the alterations in the BBB due to brain tumor that could influence drug delivery. Depending on what is rate-limiting a compound's distribution, the limited permeability across the BBB and the subsequent delivery into the tumor cell can be greatly influenced by efflux transporters and these are discussed in some detail. Given these complexities, it is necessary to quantify the extent of brain distribution of the active (unbound) drug to compare across compounds and to inform potential for use against brain tumors. In this regard, the metric, Kp,uu, a brain-to-plasma unbound partition coefficient, is examined and its current use is discussed. However, the extent of active drug delivery is not the only determinant of effective therapy. In addition to Kp,uu, drug potency is an important parameter that should be considered alongside drug delivery in drug discovery and development processes. In other words, to answer the question - How much is enough? - one must consider how much can be delivered with how much needs to be delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sneha Rathi
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jiayan Le
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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10
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Lumibao JC, Haak PL, Kolossov VL, Chen JWE, Stutchman J, Ruiz A, Sivaguru M, Sarkaria JN, Harley BA, Steelman AJ, Gaskins HR. CHCHD2 mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation, mitochondrial metabolism, hypoxia‑induced invasion and therapeutic resistance. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:117. [PMID: 37654190 PMCID: PMC10546377 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor affecting adults and remains incurable. The mitochondrial coiled‑coil‑helix‑coiled‑coil‑helix domain‑containing protein 2 (CHCHD2) has been demonstrated to mediate mitochondrial respiration, nuclear gene expression and cell migration; however, evidence of this in GBM is lacking. In the present study, it was hypothesized that CHCHD2 may play a functional role in U87 GBM cells expressing the constitutively active epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII). The amplification of the CHCHD2 gene was found to be associated with a decreased patient overall and progression‑free survival. The CHCHD2 mRNA levels were increased in high‑vs. low‑grade glioma, IDH‑wt GBMs, and in tumor vs. non‑tumor tissue. Additionally, CHCHD2 protein expression was greatest in invasive, EGFRvIII‑expressing patient‑derived samples. The CRISPR‑Cas9‑mediated knockout of CHCHD2 in EGFRvIII‑expressing U87 cells resulted in an altered mitochondrial respiration and glutathione status, in decreased cell growth and invasion under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and in an enhanced sensitivity to cytotoxic agents. CHCHD2 was distributed in both the mitochondria and nuclei of U87 and U87vIII cells, and the U87vIII cells exhibited a greater nuclear expression of CHCHD2 compared to isogenic U87 cells. Incubation under hypoxic conditions, serum starvation and the reductive unfolding of CHCHD2 induced the nuclear accumulation of CHCHD2 in both cell lines. Collectively, the findings of the present study indicate that CHCHD2 mediates a variety of GBM characteristics, and highlights mitonuclear retrograde signaling as a pathway of interest in GBM cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C. Lumibao
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and
| | - Payton L. Haak
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | | | - Jee-Wei Emily Chen
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | | | | | | | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Brendan A.C. Harley
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Andrew J. Steelman
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - H. Rex Gaskins
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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11
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Seaberg MH, Kazda T, Youland RS, Laack NN, Pafundi DH, Anderson SK, Sarkaria JN, Galanis E, Brown PD, Brinkmann DH. Dosimetric patterns of failure in the era of novel chemoradiotherapy in newly-diagnosed glioblastoma patients. Radiother Oncol 2023; 188:109768. [PMID: 37385378 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patterns of failure (POF) may provide an alternative quantitative endpoint to overall survival for evaluation of novel chemoradiotherapy regimens with glioblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS POF of 109 newly-diagnosed glioblastoma patients per 2016 WHO classification who received conformal radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide were reviewed. Seventy-five of those patients also received an investigational chemotherapy agent (everolimus, erlotinib, or vorinostat). Recurrence volumes were defined with MRI contrast enhancement. POF at protocol (POFp), initial (POFi), and RANO (POFRANO) progression timepoints were characterized by the percentage of recurrence volume within the 95% dose region. POFp, POFi, and POFRANO of each patient were categorized (central, non-central, or both). RESULTS POF of the temozolomide-only control cohort were unchanged (79% central, 12% non-central, and 9% both) across protocol, initial, and RANO progression timepoints. Unlike the temozolomide-only cohort, POF of the collective novel chemotherapy cohort appeared increasingly non-central when comparing POFi with POFp, with a non-central component increasing from 16% to 29% (p = 0.078). POF did not correlate with overall survival or time to progression. CONCLUSION POF of patients receiving a novel chemotherapy appeared to be influenced by the timepoint of analysis and were increasingly non-central at protocol progression as compared with initial recurrence, suggesting that recurrence originates from the central region. Addition of everolimus and vorinostat appeared to influence POF, despite similar survival outcomes with the temozolomide-only control group. In studies dealing with novel therapeutic agents, robust and properly-timed dosimetric POF analysis may be helpful to evaluate biologic aspects of novel agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maasa H Seaberg
- University of California San Francisco Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tomas Kazda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Nadia N Laack
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Deanna H Pafundi
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Radiation Oncology, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Paul D Brown
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rochester, MN, USA
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12
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Garcia DA, Remmes N, Sarkaria JN, Park SS, Grams M. Comparing Acute Oral Mucosa Toxicity Associated with Minibeam and Conventional Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e230. [PMID: 37784925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Acute oral mucosa toxicity is associated with ulceration, severe pain, and nutritional deficiencies that may lead to treatment interruptions and a decreased quality of life for head and neck cancer patients. Minibeam radiotherapy (MRT) is a type of spatially fractionated radiotherapy that delivers an alternating pattern of sub-millimeter wide peaks of high dose immediately adjacent to much lower valley doses. By delivering a non-uniform dose distribution, MRT allows for elevated peak doses while maintaining extraordinary normal tissue tolerance. In this study, we used an acute oral mucosa toxicity mouse model to test the hypothesis that MRT provides superior tissue sparing compared to conventional radiotherapy (CRT). MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 33 female C57BLJ6 mice were randomized by body weight (BW) across two CRT groups (n = 4/group) receiving open field radiation of 16 and 20 Gy and five MRT groups (n = 5/group) receiving peak:valley doses of 48:8, 72:12, 96:16, 96:8, and 152:8 Gy. All radiation was given in one fraction. The CRT groups were irradiated with a 10 mm circular field using a 225 kVp PA x-ray beam encompassing the oral cavity and oropharynx. The MRT groups were irradiated with the same arrangement, but the beam was collimated into 0.5 mm wide minibeams spaced 1.1 mm center-to-center using tungsten collimators of 0.5, 1, and 2.5 mm thickness to deliver peak-to-valley ratios (PVRs) of 6:1, 12:1, and 19:1. Acute effects in the oral mucosa were studied using changes in BW as a surrogate for clinically significant oral mucositis. BWs were measured daily starting on the day of treatment, and BW changes were computed relative to the day of treatment. The toxicity endpoint was defined such that mice losing >20% BW were humanely euthanized. RESULTS Doses of 20 Gy CRT and 96:16 Gy MRT were highly toxic, with all animals in these groups reaching the toxicity endpoint between 9-11 days post-RT, compared to only one animal in the 16 Gy CRT group, and no animals in the other MRT groups. The BWs of all surviving animals returned to baseline within 15 days post-RT. The groups 48:8, 96:8, and 152:8 Gy showed similar BW loss and full recovery patterns. Additionally, the groups 48:8, 72:12, and 96:16 Gy showed that, for the same PVR, increasing the valley dose resulted in increased BW loss. Lastly, animals did not tolerate 96:16 Gy, but those in the 96:8 Gy group fully recovered. CONCLUSION Despite the extreme toxicity caused by 20 Gy CRT, animals in the MRT groups tolerated peak doses up to 152 Gy when the valley dose was 8 Gy. These results confirm the superior normal tissue sparing capacity of MRT compared to CRT in an oral mucosa mouse model. We delivered tolerable MRT peak doses an order of magnitude larger than toxic CRT doses. Importantly, our results suggest that valley dose is the most useful parameter to assess acute toxicity when using MRT. Our data may prove useful for eventual clinical applications of MRT in head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Garcia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - N Remmes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - J N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - S S Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - M Grams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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13
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Lin WH, Feathers RW, Cooper LM, Lewis-Tuffin LJ, Chen J, Sarkaria JN, Anastasiadis PZ. A Syx-RhoA-Dia1 signaling axis regulates cell cycle progression, DNA damage, and therapy resistance in glioblastoma. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e157491. [PMID: 37427593 PMCID: PMC10371349 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are aggressive tumors that lack effective treatments. Here, we show that the Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor Syx promotes GBM cell growth both in vitro and in orthotopic xenografts derived from patients with GBM. Growth defects upon Syx depletion are attributed to prolonged mitosis, increased DNA damage, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and cell apoptosis, mediated by altered mRNA and protein expression of various cell cycle regulators. These effects are phenocopied by depletion of the Rho downstream effector Dia1 and are due, at least in part, to increased phosphorylation, cytoplasmic retention, and reduced activity of the YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators. Furthermore, targeting Syx signaling cooperates with radiation treatment and temozolomide (TMZ) to decrease viability in GBM cells, irrespective of their inherent response to TMZ. The data indicate that a Syx-RhoA-Dia1-YAP/TAZ signaling axis regulates cell cycle progression, DNA damage, and therapy resistance in GBM and argue for its targeting for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsin Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Ryan W. Feathers
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Lisa M. Cooper
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Jiaxiang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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14
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Pellot Ortiz KI, Rechberger JS, Nonnenbroich LF, Daniels DJ, Sarkaria JN. MDM2 Inhibition in the Treatment of Glioblastoma: From Concept to Clinical Investigation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1879. [PMID: 37509518 PMCID: PMC10377337 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the interaction between MDM2 and p53 has emerged as a promising strategy for combating cancer, including the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). Numerous MDM2 inhibitors have been developed and are currently undergoing rigorous testing for their potential in GBM therapy. Encouraging results from studies conducted in cell culture and animal models suggest that MDM2 inhibitors could effectively treat a specific subset of GBM patients with wild-type TP53 or functional p53. Combination therapy with clinically established treatment modalities such as radiation and chemotherapy offers the potential to achieve a more profound therapeutic response. Furthermore, an increasing array of other molecularly targeted therapies are being explored in combination with MDM2 inhibitors to increase the effects of individual treatments. While some MDM2 inhibitors have progressed to early phase clinical trials in GBM, their efficacy, alone and in combination, is yet to be confirmed. In this article, we present an overview of MDM2 inhibitors currently under preclinical and clinical investigation, with a specific focus on the drugs being assessed in ongoing clinical trials for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian S Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Leo F Nonnenbroich
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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15
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Riviere-Cazaux C, Carlstrom LP, Rajani K, Munoz-Casabella A, Rahman M, Gharibi-Loron A, Brown DA, Miller KJ, White JJ, Himes BT, Jusue-Torres I, Ikram S, Ransom SC, Hirte R, Oh JH, Elmquist WF, Sarkaria JN, Vaubel RA, Rodriguez M, Warrington AE, Kizilbash SH, Burns TC. Blood-brain barrier disruption defines the extracellular metabolome of live human high-grade gliomas. Commun Biol 2023; 6:653. [PMID: 37340056 PMCID: PMC10281947 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular microenvironment modulates glioma behaviour. It remains unknown if blood-brain barrier disruption merely reflects or functionally supports glioma aggressiveness. We utilised intra-operative microdialysis to sample the extracellular metabolome of radiographically diverse regions of gliomas and evaluated the global extracellular metabolome via ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Among 162 named metabolites, guanidinoacetate (GAA) was 126.32x higher in enhancing tumour than in adjacent brain. 48 additional metabolites were 2.05-10.18x more abundant in enhancing tumour than brain. With exception of GAA, and 2-hydroxyglutarate in IDH-mutant gliomas, differences between non-enhancing tumour and brain microdialysate were modest and less consistent. The enhancing, but not the non-enhancing glioma metabolome, was significantly enriched for plasma-associated metabolites largely comprising amino acids and carnitines. Our findings suggest that metabolite diffusion through a disrupted blood-brain barrier may largely define the enhancing extracellular glioma metabolome. Future studies will determine how the altered extracellular metabolome impacts glioma behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karishma Rajani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Masum Rahman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Desmond A Brown
- Neurosurgical Oncology Unit, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kai J Miller
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jaclyn J White
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin T Himes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Samar Ikram
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Seth C Ransom
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Renee Hirte
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rachael A Vaubel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Arthur E Warrington
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Terry C Burns
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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16
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Zhou W, Zhao Z, Lin A, Yang J, Xu J, Kari WR, Yang A, Li J, Solanki S, Speth J, Walker N, Scott AJ, Kothari AU, Yao Y, Peterson ER, Korimerla N, Werner CK, Liang J, Jacobson J, Palavalasa S, Obrien AM, Elaimy AL, Ferris SP, Zhao SG, Sarkaria JN, Győrffy B, Zhang S, Al-Holou WN, Umemura Y, Morgan MA, Lawrence TS, Lyssiotis CA, Peters-Golden M, Shah YM, Wahl DR. GTP signaling links metabolism, DNA repair, and responses to genotoxic stress. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.12.536297. [PMID: 37090571 PMCID: PMC10120670 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.12.536297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
How cell metabolism regulates DNA repair is incompletely understood. Here, we define a GTP-mediated signaling cascade that links metabolism to DNA repair and has significant therapeutic implications. GTP, but not other nucleotides, regulates the activity of Rac1, a G protein, that promotes the dephosphorylation of serine 323 on Abl-interactor 1 (Abi-1) by protein phosphatase 5 (PP5). Dephosphorylated Abi-1, a protein previously not known to activate DNA repair, promotes non-homologous end joining. In patients and mouse models of glioblastoma, Rac1 and dephosphorylated Abi-1 mediate DNA repair and resistance to standard of care genotoxic treatments. The GTP-Rac1-PP5-Abi-1 signaling axis is not limited to brain cancer, as GTP supplementation promotes DNA repair and Abi-1-S323 dephosphorylation in non-malignant cells and protects mouse tissues from genotoxic insult. This unexpected ability of GTP to regulate DNA repair independently of deoxynucleotide pools has important implications for normal physiology and cancer treatment.
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17
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Hou J, McMahon M, Sarkaria JN, Chen CC, Odde DJ. Main Manuscript for Cell migration simulator-based biomarkers for glioblastoma. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.24.529880. [PMID: 36865270 PMCID: PMC9980090 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor with poor survival due to its invasive nature driven by cell migration, with unclear linkage to transcriptomic information. Here, we applied a physics-based motor-clutch model, a cell migration simulator (CMS), to parameterize the migration of glioblastoma cells and define physical biomarkers on a patient-by-patient basis. We reduced the 11-dimensional parameter space of the CMS into 3D to identify three principal physical parameters that govern cell migration: motor number - describing myosin II activity, clutch number - describing adhesion level, and F-actin polymerization rate. Experimentally, we found that glioblastoma patient-derived (xenograft) (PD(X)) cell lines across mesenchymal (MES), proneural (PN), classical (CL) subtypes and two institutions (N=13 patients) had optimal motility and traction force on stiffnesses around 9.3kPa, with otherwise heterogeneous and uncorrelated motility, traction, and F-actin flow. By contrast, with the CMS parameterization, we found glioblastoma cells consistently had balanced motor/clutch ratios to enable effective migration, and that MES cells had higher actin polymerization rates resulting in higher motility. The CMS also predicted differential sensitivity to cytoskeletal drugs between patients. Finally, we identified 11 genes that correlated with the physical parameters, suggesting that transcriptomic data alone could potentially predict the mechanics and speed of glioblastoma cell migration. Overall, we describe a general physics-based framework for parameterizing individual glioblastoma patients and connecting to clinical transcriptomic data, that can potentially be used to develop patient-specific anti-migratory therapeutic strategies generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities
| | - Mariah McMahon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities
| | | | - Clark C. Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities
| | - David J. Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities
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18
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Migliozzi S, Oh YT, Hasanain M, Garofano L, D'Angelo F, Najac RD, Picca A, Bielle F, Di Stefano AL, Lerond J, Sarkaria JN, Ceccarelli M, Sanson M, Lasorella A, Iavarone A. Integrative multi-omics networks identify PKCδ and DNA-PK as master kinases of glioblastoma subtypes and guide targeted cancer therapy. Nat Cancer 2023; 4:181-202. [PMID: 36732634 PMCID: PMC9970878 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00510-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite producing a panoply of potential cancer-specific targets, the proteogenomic characterization of human tumors has yet to demonstrate value for precision cancer medicine. Integrative multi-omics using a machine-learning network identified master kinases responsible for effecting phenotypic hallmarks of functional glioblastoma subtypes. In subtype-matched patient-derived models, we validated PKCδ and DNA-PK as master kinases of glycolytic/plurimetabolic and proliferative/progenitor subtypes, respectively, and qualified the kinases as potent and actionable glioblastoma subtype-specific therapeutic targets. Glioblastoma subtypes were associated with clinical and radiomics features, orthogonally validated by proteomics, phospho-proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and acetylomics analyses, and recapitulated in pediatric glioma, breast and lung squamous cell carcinoma, including subtype specificity of PKCδ and DNA-PK activity. We developed a probabilistic classification tool that performs optimally with RNA from frozen and paraffin-embedded tissues, which can be used to evaluate the association of therapeutic response with glioblastoma subtypes and to inform patient selection in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Migliozzi
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Young Taek Oh
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammad Hasanain
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Luciano Garofano
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Fulvio D'Angelo
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ryan D Najac
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Picca
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM Unité 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Equipe labellissée LNCC, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM Unité 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Equipe labellissée LNCC, Paris, France.,Department of Neuropathology, Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM Unité 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Equipe labellissée LNCC, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, Paris, France.,Neurosurgery Unit, Spedali Riuniti, Livorno, Italy
| | - Julie Lerond
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM Unité 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Equipe labellissée LNCC, Paris, France
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,BIOGEM Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Marc Sanson
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurologie 2, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM Unité 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Equipe labellissée LNCC, Paris, France.,Onconeurotek Tumor Bank, Paris Brain Institute ICM, Paris, France
| | - Anna Lasorella
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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19
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Fortin Ensign SP, Jenkins RB, Giannini C, Sarkaria JN, Galanis E, Kizilbash SH. Translational significance of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion in isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant astrocytoma. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:28-36. [PMID: 35973817 PMCID: PMC9825307 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 or 2 mutations confer a favorable prognosis compared to IDH-wildtype in astrocytoma, frequently denoting a lower grade malignancy. However, recent molecular profiling has identified specific aggressive tumor subgroups with clear clinical prognostic implications that are independent of histologic grading. The homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B is the strongest implicated independent indicator of the poor prognosis within IDH-mutant astrocytoma, and the identification of this alteration in these lower histologic grade tumors transforms their biology toward an aggressive grade 4 phenotype clinically. CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion is now sufficient to define a grade 4 tumor in IDH-mutant astrocytomas regardless of histologic appearance, yet there are currently no effective molecularly informed targeted therapies for these tumors. The biological impact of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion in IDH-mutant tumors and the optimal treatment strategy for this molecular subgroup remains insufficiently explored. Here we review the current understanding of the translational significance of homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B gene expression in IDH-mutant astrocytoma and associated diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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20
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Aibaidula A(Z, Fain CE, Garcia LC, Wier A, Bouchal SM, Bauman MM, Jung MY, Sarkaria JN, Johnson AJ, Parney IF. Spectral flow cytometry identifies distinct nonneoplastic plasma extracellular vesicle phenotype in glioblastoma patients. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad082. [PMID: 37638345 PMCID: PMC10457026 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor and has a poor prognosis. Imaging findings at diagnosis and in response to treatment are nonspecific. Developing noninvasive assays to augment imaging would be helpful. Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising biomarker source for this. Here, we develop spectral flow cytometry techniques that demonstrate differences in bulk plasma EV phenotype between GBM patients and normal donors that could serve as the basis of a liquid biopsy. Methods Plasma EVs were stained for EV-associated tetraspanins (CD9/CD63/CD81), markers indicating cell of origin (CD11b/CD31/CD41a/CD45), and actin/phalloidin (to exclude cell debris). EVs were analyzed using spectral flow cytometry. Multiparametric analysis using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and self-organizing maps on flow cytometry data (FlowSOM) was performed comparing GBM and normal donor (ND) plasma EVs. Results Size exclusion chromatography plus spectral-based flow cytometer threshold settings enriched plasma EVs while minimizing background noise. GBM patients had increased CD9+, CD63+, CD81+, and myeloid-derived (CD11b+) EVs. Multiparametric analysis demonstrated distinct surface marker expression profiles in GBM plasma EVs compared to ND EVs. Fifteen plasma EV sub-populations differing in size and surface marker expression were identified, six enriched in GBM patients and two in normal donors. Conclusions Multiparametric analysis demonstrates that GBM patients have a distinct nonneoplastic plasma EV phenotype compared to ND. This simple rapid analysis can be performed without purifying tumor EVs and may serve as the basis of a liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudumijiti (Zack) Aibaidula
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cori E Fain
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Luz Cumba Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Annelise Wier
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samantha M Bouchal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Megan M Bauman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mi-Yeon Jung
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aaron J Johnson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ian F Parney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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21
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Conage-Pough JE, Stopka SA, Oh JH, Mladek AC, Burgenske DM, Regan MS, Baquer G, Decker PA, Carlson BL, Bakken KK, Zhang J, Liu L, Sun C, Mu Z, Zhong W, Tran NL, Elmquist WF, Agar NYR, Sarkaria JN, White FM. WSD-0922, a novel brain-penetrant inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor, promotes survival in glioblastoma mouse models. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad066. [PMID: 37324218 PMCID: PMC10263119 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a frequent oncogenic driver in glioblastoma (GBM), efforts to therapeutically target this protein have been largely unsuccessful. The present preclinical study evaluated the novel EGFR inhibitor WSD-0922. Methods We employed flank and orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models to characterize WSD-0922 and compare its efficacy to erlotinib, a potent EGFR inhibitor that failed to provide benefit for GBM patients. We performed long-term survival studies and collected short-term tumor, plasma, and whole-brain samples from mice treated with each drug. We utilized mass spectrometry to measure drug concentrations and spatial distribution and to assess the impact of each drug on receptor activity and cellular signaling networks. Results WSD-0922 inhibited EGFR signaling as effectively as erlotinib in in vitro and in vivo models. While WSD-0922 was more CNS penetrant than erlotinib in terms of total concentration, comparable concentrations of both drugs were measured at the tumor site in orthotopic models, and the concentration of free WSD-0922 in the brain was significantly less than the concentration of free erlotinib. WSD-0922 treatment provided a clear survival advantage compared to erlotinib in the GBM39 model, with marked suppression of tumor growth and most mice surviving until the end of the study. WSD-0922 treatment preferentially inhibited phosphorylation of several proteins, including those associated with EGFR inhibitor resistance and cell metabolism. Conclusions WSD-0922 is a highly potent inhibitor of EGFR in GBM, and warrants further evaluation in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Michael S Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerard Baquer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Katrina K Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Lily Liu
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Claire Sun
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Zhihua Mu
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Wei Zhong
- Wayshine Biopharm, Corona, California, USA
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts ¸ USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Forest M White
- Corresponding Author: Forest M. White, 500 Main Street, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA ()
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22
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Yu NY, DeWees TA, Voss MM, Breen WG, Chiang JS, Ding JX, Daniels TB, Owen D, Olivier KR, Garces YI, Park SS, Sarkaria JN, Yang P, Savvides PS, Ernani V, Liu W, Schild SE, Merrell KW, Sio TT. Cardiopulmonary Toxicity Following Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT) Versus Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:e526-e535. [PMID: 36104272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) has the potential to reduce radiation dose to normal organs when compared to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). We hypothesized that IMPT is associated with a reduced rate of cardiopulmonary toxicities in patients with Stage III NSCLC when compared with IMRT. METHODS We analyzed 163 consecutively treated patients with biopsy-proven, stage III NSCLC who received IMPT (n = 35, 21%) or IMRT (n = 128, 79%). Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were analyzed. Overall survival (OS), freedom-from distant metastasis (FFDM), freedom-from locoregional relapse (FFLR), and cardiopulmonary toxicities (CTCAE v5.0) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimate. Univariate cox regressions were conducted for the final model. RESULTS Median follow-up of surviving patients was 25.5 (range, 4.6-58.1) months. Median RT dose was 60 (range, 45-72) Gy [RBE]. OS, FFDM, and FFLR were not different based on RT modality. IMPT provided significant dosimetric pulmonary and cardiac sparing when compared to IMRT. IMPT was associated with a reduced rate of grade more than or equal to 3 pneumonitis (HR 0.25, P = .04) and grade more than or equal to 3 cardiac events (HR 0.33, P = .08). Pre-treatment predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide less than equal to 57% (HR 2.8, P = .04) and forced expiratory volume in the first second less than equal to 61% (HR 3.1, P = .03) were associated with an increased rate of grade more than or equal to 3 pneumonitis. CONCLUSIONS IMPT is associated with a reduced risk of clinically significant pneumonitis and cardiac events when compared with IMRT without compromising tumor control in stage III NSCLC. IMPT may provide a safer treatment option, particularly for high-risk patients with poor pretreatment pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Y Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Todd A DeWees
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Molly M Voss
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - William G Breen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Julia X Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Thomas B Daniels
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Dawn Owen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Sean S Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | | | - Vinicius Ernani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | - Terence T Sio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ.
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23
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McCord M, Bartom E, Burdett K, Baran A, Eckerdt FD, Balyasnikova IV, McCortney K, Sears T, Cheng SY, Sarkaria JN, Stupp R, Heimberger AB, Ahmed A, James CD, Horbinski C. Modeling Therapy-Driven Evolution of Glioblastoma with Patient-Derived Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5494. [PMID: 36428586 PMCID: PMC9688760 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-type diffusely infiltrating gliomas, of which glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive, almost always recur after treatment and are fatal. Improved understanding of therapy-driven tumor evolution and acquired therapy resistance in gliomas is essential for improving patient outcomes, yet the majority of the models currently used in preclinical research are of therapy-naïve tumors. Here, we describe the development of therapy-resistant IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patient-derived xenografts (PDX) through orthotopic engraftment of therapy naïve PDX in athymic nude mice, and repeated in vivo exposure to the therapeutic modalities most often used in treating glioblastoma patients: radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy. Post-temozolomide PDX became enriched for C>T transition mutations, acquired inactivating mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes (especially MSH6), and developed hypermutation. Such post-temozolomide PDX were resistant to additional temozolomide (median survival decrease from 80 days in parental PDX to 42 days in a temozolomide-resistant derivative). However, temozolomide-resistant PDX were sensitive to lomustine (also known as CCNU), a nitrosourea which induces tumor cell apoptosis by a different mechanism than temozolomide. These PDX models mimic changes observed in recurrent GBM in patients, including critical features of therapy-driven tumor evolution. These models can therefore serve as valuable tools for improving our understanding and treatment of recurrent glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McCord
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bartom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kirsten Burdett
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Aneta Baran
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Frank D. Eckerdt
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Irina V. Balyasnikova
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kathleen McCortney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Thomas Sears
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Roger Stupp
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Atique Ahmed
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Charles David James
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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24
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Ngo MT, Sarkaria JN, Harley BA. Perivascular Stromal Cells Instruct Glioblastoma Invasion, Proliferation, and Therapeutic Response within an Engineered Brain Perivascular Niche Model. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2201888. [PMID: 36109186 PMCID: PMC9631060 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) tumor cells are found in the perivascular niche microenvironment and are believed to associate closely with the brain microvasculature. However, it is largely unknown how the resident cells of the perivascular niche, such as endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, influence GBM tumor cell behavior and disease progression. A 3D in vitro model of the brain perivascular niche developed by encapsulating brain-derived endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes in a gelatin hydrogel is described. It is shown that brain perivascular stromal cells, namely pericytes and astrocytes, contribute to vascular architecture and maturation. Cocultures of patient-derived GBM tumor cells with brain microvascular cells are used to identify a role for pericytes and astrocytes in establishing a perivascular niche environment that modulates GBM cell invasion, proliferation, and therapeutic response. Engineered models provide unique insight regarding the spatial patterning of GBM cell phenotypes in response to a multicellular model of the perivascular niche. Critically, it is shown that engineered perivascular models provide an important resource to evaluate mechanisms by which intercellular interactions modulate GBM tumor cell behavior, drug response, and provide a framework to consider patient-specific disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai T. Ngo
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | | | - Brendan A.C. Harley
- Department Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
- Cancer Center at IllinoisUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
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25
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Talele S, Zhang W, Chen J, Gupta SK, Burgenske DM, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Central Nervous System Distribution of the Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390: Implications for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 383:91-102. [PMID: 36137710 PMCID: PMC9513858 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective drug delivery to the brain is critical for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive and invasive primary brain tumor that has a dismal prognosis. Radiation therapy, the mainstay of brain tumor treatment, works by inducing DNA damage. Therefore, inhibiting DNA damage response (DDR) pathways can sensitize tumor cells to radiation and enhance cytotoxicity. AZD1390 is an inhibitor of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase, a critical regulator of DDR. Our in vivo studies in the mouse indicate that delivery of AZD1390 to the central nervous system (CNS) is restricted due to active efflux by P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The free fraction of AZD1390 in brain and spinal cord were found to be low, thereby reducing the partitioning of free drug to these organs. Coadministration of an efflux inhibitor significantly increased CNS exposure of AZD1390. No differences were observed in distribution of AZD1390 within different anatomic regions of CNS, and the functional activity of P-gp and breast cancer resistance protein also remained the same across brain regions. In an intracranial GBM patient-derived xenograft model, AZD1390 accumulation was higher in the tumor core and rim compared with surrounding brain. Despite this heterogenous delivery within tumor-bearing brain, AZD1390 concentrations in normal brain, tumor rim, and tumor core were above in vitro effective radiosensitizing concentrations. These results indicate that despite being a substrate of efflux in the mouse brain, sufficient AZD1390 exposure is anticipated even in regions of normal brain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Given the invasive nature of glioblastoma (GBM), tumor cells are often protected by an intact blood-brain barrier, requiring the development of brain-penetrant molecules for effective treatment. We show that efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) limits central nervous system (CNS) distribution of AZD1390 and that there are no distributional differences within anatomical regions of CNS. Despite efflux by P-gp, concentrations effective for potent radiosensitization are achieved in GBM tumor-bearing mouse brains, indicating that AZD1390 is an attractive molecule for clinical development of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
| | - Danielle M Burgenske
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C., S.K.G., D.M.B., J.N.S.)
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26
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Tsedev U, Lin CW, Hess GT, Sarkaria JN, Lam FC, Belcher AM. Phage Particles of Controlled Length and Genome for In Vivo Targeted Glioblastoma Imaging and Therapeutic Delivery. ACS Nano 2022; 16:11676-11691. [PMID: 35830573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
M13 bacteriophage (phage) are versatile, genetically tunable nanocarriers that have been recently adapted for use as diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. Applying p3 capsid chlorotoxin fusion with the "inho" circular single-stranded DNA (cssDNA) gene packaging system, we produced miniature chlorotoxin inho (CTX-inho) phage particles with a minimum length of 50 nm that can target intracranial orthotopic patient-derived GBM22 glioblastoma tumors in the brains of mice. Systemically administered indocyanine green conjugated CTX-inho phage accumulated in brain tumors, facilitating shortwave infrared detection. Furthermore, we show that our inho phage can carry cssDNA that are transcriptionally active when delivered to GBM22 glioma cells in vitro. The ability to modulate the capsid display, surface loading, phage length, and cssDNA gene content makes the recombinant M13 phage particle an ideal delivery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyanga Tsedev
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ching-Wei Lin
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gaelen T Hess
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, Unites States
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States
| | - Fred C Lam
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Division of Neurosurgery, Saint Elizabeth's Medical Center, Brighton, Massachusetts 02135, United States
| | - Angela M Belcher
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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27
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Guo G, Gong K, Beckley N, Zhang Y, Yang X, Chkheidze R, Hatanpaa KJ, Garzon-Muvdi T, Koduru P, Nayab A, Jenks J, Sathe AA, Liu Y, Xing C, Wu SY, Chiang CM, Mukherjee B, Burma S, Wohlfeld B, Patel T, Mickey B, Abdullah K, Youssef M, Pan E, Gerber DE, Tian S, Sarkaria JN, McBrayer SK, Zhao D, Habib AA. EGFR ligand shifts the role of EGFR from oncogene to tumour suppressor in EGFR-amplified glioblastoma by suppressing invasion through BIN3 upregulation. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1291-1305. [PMID: 35915159 PMCID: PMC9389625 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a prime oncogene that is frequently amplified in glioblastomas. Here we demonstrate a new tumour-suppressive function of EGFR in EGFR-amplified glioblastomas regulated by EGFR ligands. Constitutive EGFR signalling promotes invasion via activation of a TAB1-TAK1-NF-κB-EMP1 pathway, resulting in large tumours and decreased survival in orthotopic models. Ligand-activated EGFR promotes proliferation and surprisingly suppresses invasion by upregulating BIN3, which inhibits a DOCK7-regulated Rho GTPase pathway, resulting in small hyperproliferating non-invasive tumours and improved survival. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas reveal that in EGFR-amplified glioblastomas, a low level of EGFR ligands confers a worse prognosis, whereas a high level of EGFR ligands confers an improved prognosis. Thus, increased EGFR ligand levels shift the role of EGFR from oncogene to tumour suppressor in EGFR-amplified glioblastomas by suppressing invasion. The tumour-suppressive function of EGFR can be activated therapeutically using tofacitinib, which suppresses invasion by increasing EGFR ligand levels and upregulating BIN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ke Gong
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nicole Beckley
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyao Yang
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rati Chkheidze
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kimmo J Hatanpaa
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tomas Garzon-Muvdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Prasad Koduru
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Arifa Nayab
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Jenks
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Adwait Amod Sathe
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chao Xing
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shwu-Yuan Wu
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pharamacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cheng-Ming Chiang
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pharamacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bipasha Mukherjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sandeep Burma
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Bryan Wohlfeld
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Toral Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bruce Mickey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kalil Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael Youssef
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Edward Pan
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David E Gerber
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shulan Tian
- Department of Quantitative Heath Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Samuel K McBrayer
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dawen Zhao
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Amyn A Habib
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA.
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28
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Aalam SMM, Viringipurampeer IA, Walb MC, Tryggestad EJ, Emperumal CP, Song J, Xu X, Saini R, Lombaert IMA, Sarkaria JN, Garcia J, Janus JR, Kannan N. Characterization of Transgenic NSG-SGM3 Mouse Model of Precision Radiation-Induced Chronic Hyposalivation. Radiat Res 2022; 198:243-254. [PMID: 35820185 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00237.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine holds promise to cure radiation-induced salivary hypofunction, a chronic side effect in patients with head and neck cancers, therefore reliable preclinical models for salivary regenerative outcome will promote progress towards therapies. In this study, our objective was to develop a cone beam computed tomography-guided precision ionizing radiation-induced preclinical model of chronic hyposalivation using immunodeficient NSG-SGM3 mice. Using a Schirmer's test based sialagogue-stimulated saliva flow kinetic measurement method, we demonstrated significant differences in hyposalivation specific to age, sex, precision-radiation dose over a chronic (6 months) timeline. NSG-SMG3 mice tolerated doses from 2.5 Gy up to 7.5 Gy. Interestingly, 5-7.5 Gy had similar effects on stimulated-saliva flow (∼50% reduction in young female at 6 months after precision irradiation over sham-treated controls), however, >5 Gy led to chronic alopecia. Different groups demonstrated characteristic saliva fluctuations early on, but after 5 months all groups nearly stabilized stimulated-saliva flow with low-inter-mouse variation within each group. Further characterization revealed precision-radiation-induced glandular shrinkage, hypocellularization, gland-specific loss of functional acinar and glandular cells in all major salivary glands replicating features of human salivary hypofunction. This model will aid investigation of human cell-based salivary regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew C Walb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Chitra P Emperumal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jianning Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rajan Saini
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Isabelle M A Lombaert
- Biointerfaces Institute, School of Dentistry, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Joaquin Garcia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jeffrey R Janus
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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29
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Rathi S, Griffith JI, Zhang W, Zhang W, Oh JH, Talele S, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. The influence of the blood-brain barrier in the treatment of brain tumours. J Intern Med 2022; 292:3-30. [PMID: 35040235 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumours have a poor prognosis and lack effective treatments. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) represents a major hurdle to drug delivery to brain tumours. In some locations in the tumour, the BBB may be disrupted to form the blood-brain tumour barrier (BBTB). This leaky BBTB enables diagnosis of brain tumours by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; however, this disruption is heterogeneous throughout the tumour. Thus, relying on the disrupted BBTB for achieving effective drug concentrations in brain tumours has met with little clinical success. Because of this, it would be beneficial to design drugs and drug delivery strategies to overcome the 'normal' BBB to effectively treat the brain tumours. In this review, we discuss the role of BBB/BBTB in brain tumour diagnosis and treatment highlighting the heterogeneity of the BBTB. We also discuss various strategies to improve drug delivery across the BBB/BBTB to treat both primary and metastatic brain tumours. Recognizing that the BBB represents a critical determinant of drug efficacy in central nervous system tumours will allow a more rapid translation from basic science to clinical application. A more complete understanding of the factors, such as BBB-limited drug delivery, that have hindered progress in treating both primary and metastatic brain tumours, is necessary to develop more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jessica I Griffith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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30
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Gupta SK, Chen J, Laverty DJ, Talele S, Carlson BL, Tuma ACM, Burgenske D, Kitange GJ, Hamerlik P, Nagel ZD, Durant ST, Elmquist WF, Sarkaria JN. Abstract 2598: AZD1390 radio-sensitizes p53-mutant GBM via disrupting homology directed DNA repair. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ATM inhibitor AZD1390 disrupts cellular responses to ionizing radiation (IR) and is a potent radiosensitizer being tested in clinical trials. Here, we evaluated, the effects of AZD1390 on radiation sensitivity and DNA damage repair pathways in glioblastoma (GBM) cells and patient derived xenografts (PDXs). AZD1390 (30 nM and higher) suppressed IR (5 Gy)-induced phosphorylation of ATM-Serine1981 and downstream phosphorylation sites on Kap1, Chk2 and H2AX in U251 cells and multiple PDXs. Consistent with enhanced DNA damage, AZD1390 increased IR induced G2/M arrest in U251 (80.6% with AZD1390/IR vs. 64.6% with IR, p= 0.01), GBM43 (61.9% vs. 25.7%, p= 0.01) and GBM39 (40.9% vs. 25.4%, p= 0.01). Moreover, in a clonogenic survival assay, AZD1390 sensitized U251 cells to 5 Gy IR (0.24% survival with AZD1390/IR vs. 2.3% with IR alone, p=0.01). In a reporter-based analysis of DNA repair capacity, ATM inhibition resulted in a 40 to 60% reduction in homologous recombination (HR) and modest but significant decrease in micro-homology mediated end joining (MMEJ) and gap fill-in synthesis in U251 cells but had no effect on non-homologous end joining, translesion synthesis, nucleotide or base excision repair pathways. Comparing effects of AZD1390 on repair in GBM14 (TP53-wt) and GBM43 (TP53-mutant), similar results were observed except that decreased MMEJ was seen only in GBM43 (0.03± 0.01% vs. 0.07± 0.01% in control, p=0.002). Intriguingly, RAD51 knockdown (to disrupt HR) sensitized U251 and GBM43 but not GBM14. The efficacy of AZD1390 ± IR was studied in vivo in 10 PDXs. IR was delivered to orthotopic tumors using opposed lateral 225 kVp beams. AZD1390 (20 mg/kg PO) was given just prior to each radiation dose (2 Gy x 5 fractions). AZD1390 monotherapy was mostly ineffective, IR alone was reasonably efficacious with an average 1.8 ± 0.1-fold-increase in survival relative to sham radiation (survival ratio) across all 10 models. IR/AZD1390 treatment resulted in significant survival extension relative to IR alone in 6 of 10 models. Analysis of the survival benefit of combination therapy compared to IR alone across the entire cohort of PDXs was statistically marginal (average survival ratio 2.3± 0.3 vs. 1.8 ± 0.1 with IR, p=0.08). However, when stratified by TP53 status, combination therapy was significantly more effective than IR (mean survival ratio 2.3 ± 0.1 vs. 1.6 ± 0.2 with IR alone, p=0.02) in TP53-mutant PDXs, where all 5 models benefited. In contrast, TP53-wt group had no benefit (mean survival ratio 2.2 ± 0.5 vs. 2.0 ± 0.2, p=0.61), GBM39 was only TP53-wt PDX that benefited from the combination. In conclusion, AZD1390 is an effective radio-sensitizer that causes disruption in HR and potentially other DNA repair pathways. Interestingly, in vivo radiosensitizing effects are mostly restricted to TP53-mutant GBM PDXs. Understandingmechanism of resistance in the context of different TP53 backgrounds remains an important future direction.
Citation Format: Shiv K. Gupta, Jiajia Chen, Daniel J. Laverty, Surabhi Talele, Brett L. Carlson, Ann C. Mladek Tuma, Danielle Burgenske, Gaspar J. Kitange, Petra Hamerlik, Zachary D. Nagel, Stephen T. Durant, William F. Elmquist, Jann N. Sarkaria. AZD1390 radio-sensitizes p53-mutant GBM via disrupting homology directed DNA repair [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2598.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Surabhi Talele
- 3College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Migliozzi S, Oh YT, Garofano L, Mohammad H, D'Angelo F, Najac RD, Bielle F, Mokhtari K, Sarkaria JN, Ceccarelli M, Sanson M, Lasorella A, Iavarone A. Abstract 4014: Pathway based analysis of glioblastoma by multi-omics with applications in targeted therapy, prognosis and probabilistic classification. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-4014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The proteogenomic characterization of human tumors has begun to uncover molecular attributes enriched in different tumor subtypes and proposed a panoply of subtype-specific targets. As these studies lacked experimental testing of potential targets in high-quality cell models accurately reflecting individual tumor subtypes, it remains unclear whether any of the proposed targets retained value for precision medicine. The absence of clinically useful classifiers further hampered translation of proteogenomic information to better diagnose and treat cancer patients. In the case of the brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM), such challenges are exacerbated by tumor heterogeneity and broad therapeutic resistance. Here, we analyzed a large dataset of human GBM to determine the multi-omics features that characterize four GBM subtypes we recently identified through single cell RNAseq analysis. Each subtype exhibits activation of unique hallmark functional traits including distinct sensitivity to inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration for the mitochondrial subtype. The inspection of proteomics, phosphoproteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and acetylomics data revealed that each GBM subtype has a coherent molecular structure that drives the dominant function and can be extracted by each analytical platform. Stratification of tumors in four functional classes is not a specific attribute of GBM as we were able to unbiasedly identify the same subtypes in breast and lung cancer. To identify actionable targets in GBM we developed an unbiased protein kinase signaling network approach for the selection of master kinases aberrantly activated in each GBM subtype. The experimental follow-up using a library of annotated GBM patient derived organoids (PDOs) established that inhibition of DNA-PK with the clinically tested compound nedisertib radiosensitizes proliferative/progenitor PDOs by exacerbating replication stress-induced DNA damage in this GBM subtype. Furthermore, genetic and pharmacological tools qualified PKCδ as vulnerable target for the broadly resistant glycolytic/plurimetabolic GBM subtype. Thus, together with the targeting of mitochondrial GBM with OXPHOS inhibitors, the functional classification delivers experimentally validated actionable targets for three GBM subtypes. To provide rapid translation of the classifier for precision medicine in GBM, we developed a probabilistic classification tool which determines the probability that a patient’s GBM belongs to one of the four subtypes based on transcriptomic features and exhibits optimal performance when using RNA extracted from either frozen and paraffin embedded tissues. The algorithm is publicly accessible. It can be used in retrospective studies to evaluate the association of therapeutic response with GBM subtypes and as tool for selection criteria in prospective clinical trials.
Citation Format: Simona Migliozzi, Young Taek Oh, Luciano Garofano, Hasanain Mohammad, Fulvio D'Angelo, Ryan D. Najac, Franck Bielle, Karima Mokhtari, Jann N. Sarkaria, Michele Ceccarelli, Marc Sanson, Anna Lasorella, Antonio Iavarone. Pathway based analysis of glioblastoma by multi-omics with applications in targeted therapy, prognosis and probabilistic classification [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 4014.
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32
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Burgenske DM, Mladek AC, Tian S, Schroeder MA, Hu Z, Carlson BL, Decker PA, Eckel-Passow JE, Vaubel R, Sarkaria JN. Abstract 4001: Evaluation of novel therapeutics using the Mayo Clinic GBM Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) collection. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Mayo Clinic collection of patient-derived xenograft (PDXs) has been developed from the direct implantation of glioblastoma (GBM) samples into immunodeficient mice. Over 105 models have been extensively characterized with regards to histology, invasion, flank and orthotopic growth rates, and molecular profiling. Evaluation of orthotopic tumors demonstrated infiltration of tumor cells into the brain parenchymal in 90% of models with contralateral hemisphere involvement in 64%. Extensive molecular profiling confirmed the PDX collection captures the genetic heterogeneity of GBM, with the majority of typical molecular alterations seen at a frequency similar to the TCGA including gain of chromosome 7 and loss of chromosome 10. TERT promoter mutations (86%) and homozygous deletion of CDKN2A (70%) were the most frequent. Additional alterations in the p53 pathway included TP53 mutations (36%) and MDM2/4 amplification (10%/2%). IDH mutations were found in three models while MGMT promoter methylation was observed in 45% of PDXs. The available molecular sequencing results are viewable on cBioPortal. These genetically diverse models are extremely useful for biomarker discovery and efficacy evaluations. Using an innovative 1x1x1 PDX preclinical trial design, we are establishing a workflow to evaluate control and drug treatment in an individual animal across PDX lines in the flank. As our first use of this strategy, a small molecule MDM2 inhibitor was evaluated in 17 PDX lines with variable MDM2 and TP53 statuses. Tumors harboring MDM2 amplification without TP53 mutation (n=5) showed profound response, with 4 PDXs showing a complete response that lasted >150 days. Response in TP53 wild-type tumors lacking MDM2 amplification was variable, with a 1.9 to 4.8 fold longer time to endpoint (mean 3; median 2.7). A more traditionally powered intracranial efficacy study performed with one MDM2 amplified (GBM108) and two non-amplified (GBM14, GBM10) PDX lines confirmed these findings of reduced and more variable response to therapy in MDM2 non-amplified TP53 wild-type tumors. Future studies will aim to examine novel biomarkers indicative of therapeutic response to better understand molecular features associated with MDM2 inhibitor efficacy. With over 20 years of experience, our group has extensive expertise in development of clinically relevant study designs focused on examining efficacy, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic assessments. Our diverse collection of clinically relevant GBM PDX models provides a highly sought-after resource which has been utilized by the pharmaceutical community with 58 working relationships to date (26 contracts, 32 collaborations). Through these collaborations, we aim to expand the use of our highly characterized GBM PDX panel for biomarker discovery using similar strategies.
Citation Format: Danielle M. Burgenske, Ann C. Mladek, Shulan Tian, Mark A. Schroeder, Zeng Hu, Brett L. Carlson, Paul A. Decker, Jeanette E. Eckel-Passow, Rachael Vaubel, Jann N. Sarkaria. Evaluation of novel therapeutics using the Mayo Clinic GBM Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) collection [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 4001.
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Rahman M, Olson I, Mansour M, Carlstrom LP, Sutiwisesak R, Saber R, Rajani K, Warrington AE, Howard A, Schroeder M, Chen S, Decker PA, Sananikone EF, Zhu Y, Tchkonia T, Parney IF, Burma S, Brown D, Rodriguez M, Sarkaria JN, Kirkland JL, Burns TC. Selective Vulnerability of Senescent Glioblastoma Cells to BCL-XL Inhibition. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:938-948. [PMID: 35191501 PMCID: PMC9196639 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a rapidly fatal malignancy typically treated with radiation and temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating chemotherapeutic. These cytotoxic therapies cause oxidative stress and DNA damage, yielding a senescent-like state of replicative arrest in surviving tumor cells. Unfortunately, recurrence is inevitable and may be driven by surviving tumor cells eventually escaping senescence. A growing number of so-called "senolytic" drugs have been recently identified that are defined by their ability to selectively eliminate senescent cells. A growing inventory of senolytic drugs is under consideration for several diseases associated with aging, inflammation, DNA damage, as well as cancer. Ablation of senescent tumor cells after radiation and chemotherapy could help mitigate recurrence by decreasing the burden of residual tumor cells at risk of recurrence. This strategy has not been previously explored for GBM. We evaluated a panel of 10 previously described senolytic drugs to determine whether any could exhibit selective activity against human GBM persisting after exposure to radiation or TMZ. Three of the 10 drugs have known activity against BCL-XL and preferentially induced apoptosis in radiated or TMZ-treated glioma. This senolytic activity was observed in 12 of 12 human GBM cell lines. Efficacy could not be replicated with BCL-2 inhibition or senolytic agents acting against other putative senolytic targets. Knockdown of BCL-XL decreased survival of radiated GBM cells, whereas knockdown of BCL-2 or BCL-W yielded no senolytic effect. IMPLICATIONS These findings imply that molecularly heterogeneous GBM lines share selective senescence-induced BCL-XL dependency increase the significance and translational relevance of the senolytic therapy for latent glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum Rahman
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ian Olson
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Moustafa Mansour
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Rujapope Sutiwisesak
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rehan Saber
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Karishma Rajani
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Adam Howard
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mark Schroeder
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul A. Decker
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ian F. Parney
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sandeep Burma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Desmond Brown
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Moses Rodriguez
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Terry C. Burns
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Talele S, Zhang W, Oh JH, Burgenske DM, Mladek AC, Dragojevic S, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Central Nervous System Delivery of the Catalytic Subunit of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor Peposertib as Radiosensitizer for Brain Metastases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:217-228. [PMID: 35370138 PMCID: PMC9190234 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) used for the treatment of brain metastases results from DNA damage within cancer cells. Cells rely on highly evolved DNA damage response (DDR) pathways to repair the damage caused by these treatments. Inhibiting these repair pathways can further sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy and RT. The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase, in a complex with Ku80 and Ku70, is a pivotal regulator of the DDR, and peposertib is a potent inhibitor of this catalytic subunit. The characterization of central nervous system (CNS) distributional kinetics of peposertib is critical in establishing a therapeutic index in the setting of brain metastases. Our studies demonstrate that the delivery of peposertib is severely restricted into the CNS as opposed to peripheral organs, by active efflux at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Peposertib has a low free fraction in the brain and spinal cord, further reducing the active concentration, and distributes to the same degree within different anatomic regions of the brain. However, peposertib is heterogeneously distributed within the metastatic tumor, where its concentration is highest within the tumor core (with disrupted BBB) and substantially lower within the invasive tumor rim (with a relatively intact BBB) and surrounding normal brain. These findings are critical in guiding the potential clinical deployment of peposertib as a radiosensitizing agent for the safe and effective treatment of brain metastases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Effective radiosensitization of brain metastases while avoiding toxicity to the surrounding brain is critical in the development of novel radiosensitizers. The central nervous system distribution of peposertib, a potent catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, is restricted by active efflux in the normal blood-brain barrier (BBB) but can reach significant concentrations in the tumor core. This finding suggests that peposertib may be an effective radiosensitizer for intracranial tumors with an open BBB, while limited distribution into normal brain will decrease the risk of enhanced radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - Danielle M Burgenske
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - Sonja Dragojevic
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Brain Barriers Research Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., J.-H.O., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., A.C.M., S.D., J.N.S.)
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Daniel P, Meehan B, Sabri S, Jamali F, Sarkaria JN, Choi DS, Garnier D, Kitange G, Glennon KI, Paccard A, Karamchandani J, Riazalhosseini Y, Rak J, Abdulkarim B. Detection of Temozolomide-Induced Hypermutation and Response to PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitor In Recurrent Glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac076. [PMID: 35795471 PMCID: PMC9252128 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite aggressive upfront treatment in glioblastoma (GBM), recurrence remains inevitable for most patients. Accumulating evidence has identified hypermutation induced by temozolomide (TMZ) as an emerging subtype of recurrent GBM. However, its biological and therapeutic significance has yet to be described. Methods We combined GBM patient and derive GBM stem cells (GSCs) from tumors following TMZ to explore response of hypermutant and non-hypermutant emergent phenotypes and explore the immune relevance of hypermutant and non-hypermutant states in vivo. Results Hypermutation emerges as one of two possible mutational subtypes following TMZ treatment in vivo and demonstrates distinct phenotypic features compared to non-hypermutant recurrent GBM. Hypermutant tumors elicited robust immune rejection in subcutaneous contexts which was accompanied by increased immune cell infiltration. In contrast, immune rejection of hypermutant tumors were stunted in orthotopic settings where we observe limited immune infiltration. Use of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy showed that immunosuppression in orthotopic contexts was independent from the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Finally, we demonstrate that mutational burden can be estimated from DNA contained in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Conclusion Hypermutation post-TMZ are phenotypically distinct from non-hypermutant GBM and requires personalization for appropriate treatment. The brain microenvironment may be immunosuppressive and exploration of the mechanisms behind this may be key to improving immunotherapy response in this subtype of recurrent GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Daniel
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | - Brian Meehan
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | - Siham Sabri
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Jamali
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Dong-sic Choi
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | - Delphine Garnier
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Jason Karamchandani
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Janusz Rak
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
| | - Bassam Abdulkarim
- McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Research Institute-MUHC), Montreal, Canada
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Ng TSC, Hu H, Kronister S, Lee C, Li R, Gerosa L, Stopka SA, Burgenske DM, Khurana I, Regan MS, Vallabhaneni S, Putta N, Scott E, Matvey D, Giobbie-Hurder A, Kohler RH, Sarkaria JN, Parangi S, Sorger PK, Agar NYR, Jacene HA, Sullivan RJ, Buchbinder E, Mikula H, Weissleder R, Miller MA. Overcoming differential tumor penetration of BRAF inhibitors using computationally guided combination therapy. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabl6339. [PMID: 35486732 PMCID: PMC9054019 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BRAF-targeted kinase inhibitors (KIs) are used to treat malignancies including BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, anaplastic thyroid cancer, and, most prominently, melanoma. However, KI selection criteria in patients remain unclear, as are pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) mechanisms that may limit context-dependent efficacy and differentiate related drugs. To address this issue, we imaged mouse models of BRAF-mutant cancers, fluorescent KI tracers, and unlabeled drug to calibrate in silico spatial PK/PD models. Results indicated that drug lipophilicity, plasma clearance, faster target dissociation, and, in particular, high albumin binding could limit dabrafenib action in visceral metastases compared to other KIs. This correlated with retrospective clinical observations. Computational modeling identified a timed strategy for combining dabrafenib and encorafenib to better sustain BRAF inhibition, which showed enhanced efficacy in mice. This study thus offers principles of spatial drug action that may help guide drug development, KI selection, and combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. C. Ng
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huiyu Hu
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Stefan Kronister
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chanseo Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ran Li
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luca Gerosa
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylwia A. Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ishaan Khurana
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael S. Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sreeram Vallabhaneni
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Niharika Putta
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ella Scott
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dylan Matvey
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anita Giobbie-Hurder
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer H. Kohler
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter K. Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heather A. Jacene
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan J. Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hannes Mikula
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miles A. Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Rechberger JS, Porath KA, Zhang L, Nesvick CL, Schrecengost RS, Sarkaria JN, Daniels DJ. IL-13Rα2 Status Predicts GB-13 (IL13.E13K-PE4E) Efficacy in High-Grade Glioma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:922. [PMID: 35631512 PMCID: PMC9143740 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGG) are devastating diseases in children and adults. In the pediatric population, diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) harboring H3K27 alterations are the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumors. With no effective therapies available, children typically succumb to disease within one year of diagnosis. In adults, glioblastoma (GBM) remains largely intractable, with a median survival of approximately 14 months despite standard clinical care of radiation and temozolomide. Therefore, effective therapies for these tumors remain one of the most urgent and unmet needs in modern medicine. Interleukin 13 receptor subunit alpha 2 (IL-13Rα2) is a cell-surface transmembrane protein upregulated in many HGGs, including DMG and adult GBM, posing a potentially promising therapeutic target for these tumors. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological effects of GB-13 (also known as IL13.E13K-PE4E), a novel peptide-toxin conjugate that contains a targeting moiety designed to bind IL-13Rα2 with high specificity and a point-mutant cytotoxic domain derived from Pseudomonas exotoxin A. Glioma cell lines demonstrated a spectrum of IL-13Rα2 expression at both the transcript and protein level. Anti-tumor effects of GB-13 strongly correlated with IL-13Rα2 expression and were reflected in apoptosis induction and decreased cell proliferation in vitro. Direct intratumoral administration of GB-13 via convection-enhanced delivery (CED) significantly decreased tumor burden and resulted in prolonged survival in IL-13Rα2-upregulated orthotopic xenograft models of HGG. In summary, administration of GB-13 demonstrated a promising pharmacological response in HGG models both in vitro and in vivo in a manner strongly associated with IL-13Rα2 expression, underscoring the potential of this IL-13Rα2-targeted therapy in a subset of HGG with increased IL-13Rα2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian S. Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.S.R.); (L.Z.); (C.L.N.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kendra A. Porath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (K.A.P.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.S.R.); (L.Z.); (C.L.N.)
| | - Cody L. Nesvick
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.S.R.); (L.Z.); (C.L.N.)
| | | | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (K.A.P.); (J.N.S.)
| | - David J. Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.S.R.); (L.Z.); (C.L.N.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Kim M, Gupta SK, Zhang W, Talele S, Mohammad AS, Laramy J, Mladek AC, Zhang S, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Factors Influencing Luciferase-Based Bioluminescent Imaging in Preclinical Models of Brain Tumor. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:277-286. [PMID: 34887255 PMCID: PMC8969130 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) is a powerful tool in biomedical research to measure gene expression and tumor growth. The current study examined factors that influence the BLI signal, specifically focusing on the tissue distribution of two luciferase substrates, D-luciferin and CycLuc1. D-luciferin, a natural substrate of firefly luciferase, has been reported to have limited brain distribution, possibly due to the efflux transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp), at the blood-brain barrier. CycLuc1, a synthetic analog of D-luciferin, has a greater BLI signal at lower doses than D-luciferin, especially in the brain. Our results indicate that limited brain distribution of D-luciferin and CycLuc1 is predominantly dictated by their low intrinsic permeability across the cell membrane, where the efflux transporter, Bcrp, plays a relatively minor role. Both genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of Bcrp decreased the systemic clearance of both luciferase substrates, significantly increasing exposure in the blood and, hence, in organs and tissues. These data also indicate that the biodistribution of luciferase substrates can be differentially influenced in luciferase-bearing tissues, leading to a "tissue-dependent" BLI signal. The results of this study point to the need to consider multiple mechanisms that influence the distribution of luciferase substrates. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Bioluminescence is used to monitor many biological processes, including tumor growth. This study examined the pharmacokinetics, brain distribution, and the role of active efflux transporters on the luciferase substrates D-luciferin and CycLuc1. CycLuc1 has a more sustained systemic circulation time (longer half-life) that can provide an advantage for the superior imaging outcome of CycLuc1 over D-luciferin. The disparity in imaging intensities between brain and peripheral sites is due to low intrinsic permeability of these luciferase substrates across the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Kim
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Afroz S Mohammad
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Janice Laramy
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Shuangling Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.K., W.Z., S.T., A.S.M., J.L., S.Z., W.F.E.) and Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (S.K.G., A.C.M., J.N.S.)
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Mladek AC, Yan H, Tian S, Decker PA, Burgenske DM, Bakken K, Hu Z, He L, Connors MA, Carlson BL, Wilson J, Bommi-Reddy A, Conery A, Eckel-Passow JE, Sarkaria JN, Kitange GJ. RBBP4-p300 axis modulates expression of genes essential for cell survival and is a potential target for therapy in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1261-1272. [PMID: 35231103 PMCID: PMC9340617 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RBBP4 activates transcription by histone acetylation, but the partner histone acetyltransferases are unknown. Thus, we investigated the hypothesis that RBBP4 interacts with p300 in a complex in glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS shRNA silencing of RBBP4 or p300 and RNAseq was used to identify genes co-regulated by RBBP4 and p300 in GBM43 patient-derived xenograft (PDX). RBBP4/p300 complex was demonstrated using proximity ligation assay (PLA) and ChIPseq delineated histone H3 acetylation and RBBP4/p300 complex binding in promoters/enhancers. Temozolomide (TMZ)-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) were evaluated by γ-H2AX and proliferation by CyQuant and live cell monitoring assays. In vivo efficacy was based on survival of mice with orthotopic tumors. RESULTS shRBBP4 and shp300 downregulated 4768 genes among which 1485 (31%) were commonly downregulated by both shRNAs, while upregulated genes were 2484, including 863 (35%) common genes. The pro-survival genes were the top-ranked among the downregulated genes, including C-MYC. RBBP4/p300 complex was demonstrated in the nucleus, and shRBBP4 or shp300 significantly sensitized GBM cells to TMZ compared to the control shNT in vitro (P < .05). Moreover, TMZ significantly prolonged the survival of mice bearing GBM22-shRBBP4 orthotopic tumors compared with control shNT tumors (median shNT survival 52 days vs. median shRBBP4 319 days; P = .001). CREB-binding protein (CBP)/p300 inhibitor CPI-1612 suppressed H3K27Ac and RBBP4/p300 complex target proteins, including C-MYC, and synergistically sensitized TMZ in vitro. Pharmacodynamic evaluation confirmed brain penetration by CPI-1612 supporting further investigation to evaluate efficacy to sensitize TMZ. CONCLUSIONS RBBP4/p300 complex is present in GBM cells and is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Huihuang Yan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shulan Tian
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Katrina Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zeng Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lihong He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margaret A Connors
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jonathan Wilson
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Andy Conery
- Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gaspar J Kitange
- Corresponding Author: Gaspar J. Kitange, MD, PhD, Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (/)
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40
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Abdelmoula WM, Stopka SA, Randall EC, Regan M, Agar JN, Sarkaria JN, Wells WM, Kapur T, Agar NYR. massNet: integrated processing and classification of spatially resolved mass spectrometry data using deep learning for rapid tumor delineation. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:2015-2021. [PMID: 35040929 PMCID: PMC8963284 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides rich biochemical information in a label-free manner and therefore holds promise to substantially impact current practice in disease diagnosis. However, the complex nature of MSI data poses computational challenges in its analysis. The complexity of the data arises from its large size, high-dimensionality and spectral nonlinearity. Preprocessing, including peak picking, has been used to reduce raw data complexity; however, peak picking is sensitive to parameter selection that, perhaps prematurely, shapes the downstream analysis for tissue classification and ensuing biological interpretation. RESULTS We propose a deep learning model, massNet, that provides the desired qualities of scalability, nonlinearity and speed in MSI data analysis. This deep learning model was used, without prior preprocessing and peak picking, to classify MSI data from a mouse brain harboring a patient-derived tumor. The massNet architecture established automatically learning of predictive features, and automated methods were incorporated to identify peaks with potential for tumor delineation. The model's performance was assessed using cross-validation, and the results demonstrate higher accuracy and a substantial gain in speed compared to the established classical machine learning method, support vector machine. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION https://github.com/wabdelmoula/massNet. The data underlying this article are available in the NIH Common Fund's National Metabolomics Data Repository (NMDR) Metabolomics Workbench under project id (PR001292) with http://dx.doi.org/10.21228/M8Q70T. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid M Abdelmoula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Invicro LLC, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Sylwia A Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Randall
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Agar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - William M Wells
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tina Kapur
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Porath KA, Regan MS, Griffith JI, Jain S, Stopka SA, Burgenske DM, Bakken KK, Carlson BL, Decker PA, Vaubel RA, Dragojevic S, Mladek AC, Connors MA, Hu Z, He L, Kitange GJ, Gupta SK, Feldsien TM, Lefebvre DR, Agar NYR, Eckel-Passow JE, Reilly EB, Elmquist WF, Sarkaria JN. Convection enhanced delivery of EGFR targeting antibody-drug conjugates Serclutamab talirine and Depatux-M in glioblastoma patient-derived xenografts. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac130. [PMID: 36071925 PMCID: PMC9446689 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background EGFR targeting antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are highly effective against EGFR-amplified tumors, but poor distribution across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) limits their efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) when administered systemically. We studied whether convection-enhanced delivery (CED) can be used to safely infuse ADCs into orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of EGFRvIII mutant GBM. Methods The efficacy of the EGFR-targeted ADCs depatuxizumab mafodotin (Depatux-M) and Serclutamab talirine (Ser-T) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. CED was performed in nontumor and tumor-bearing mice. Immunostaining was used to evaluate ADC distribution, pharmacodynamic effects, and normal cell toxicity. Results Dose-finding studies in orthotopic GBM6 identified single infusion of 2 μg Ser-T and 60 μg Depatux-M as safe and effective associated with extended survival prolongation (>300 days and 95 days, respectively). However, with serial infusions every 21 days, four Ser-T doses controlled tumor growth but was associated with lethal toxicity approximately 7 days after the final infusion. Limiting dosing to two infusions in GBM108 provided profound median survival extension of over 200 days. In contrast, four Depatux-M CED doses were well tolerated and significantly extended survival in both GBM6 (158 days) and GBM108 (310 days). In a toxicity analysis, Ser-T resulted in a profound loss in NeuN+ cells and markedly elevated GFAP staining, while Depatux-M was associated only with modest elevation in GFAP staining. Conclusion CED of Depatux-M is well tolerated and results in extended survival in orthotopic GBM PDXs. In contrast, CED of Ser-T was associated with a much narrower therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra A Porath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Michael S Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Jessica I Griffith
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota , USA
| | - Sonia Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Sylwia A Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | | | - Katrina K Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Rachael A Vaubel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Sonja Dragojevic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Margaret A Connors
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Zeng Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Lihong He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Gaspar J Kitange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
| | | | | | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | | | - Edward B Reilly
- Discovery Oncology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois , USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota , USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA
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Jermakowicz AM, Rybin MJ, Suter RK, Sarkaria JN, Zeier Z, Feng Y, Ayad NG. The novel BET inhibitor UM-002 reduces glioblastoma cell proliferation and invasion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23370. [PMID: 34862404 PMCID: PMC8642539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins have emerged as therapeutic targets in multiple cancers, including the most common primary adult brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM). Although several BET inhibitors have entered clinical trials, few are brain penetrant. We have generated UM-002, a novel brain penetrant BET inhibitor that reduces GBM cell proliferation in vitro and in a human cerebral brain organoid model. Since UM-002 is more potent than other BET inhibitors, it could potentially be developed for GBM treatment. Furthermore, UM-002 treatment reduces the expression of cell-cycle related genes in vivo and reduces the expression of invasion related genes within the non-proliferative cells present in tumors as measured by single cell RNA-sequencing. These studies suggest that BET inhibition alters the transcriptional landscape of GBM tumors, which has implications for designing combination therapies. Importantly, they also provide an integrated dataset that combines in vitro and ex vivo studies with in vivo single-cell RNA-sequencing to characterize a novel BET inhibitor in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Jermakowicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Project To Cure Paralysis, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Matthew J Rybin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Robert K Suter
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Project To Cure Paralysis, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Zane Zeier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Yangbo Feng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Nagi G Ayad
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Project To Cure Paralysis, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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Eckel-Passow JE, Kitange GJ, Decker PA, Kosel ML, Burgenske DM, Oberg AL, Sarkaria JN. Experimental design of preclinical experiments: number of PDX lines vs subsampling within PDX lines. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:2066-2075. [PMID: 34107029 PMCID: PMC8643474 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriately designed preclinical patient-derived xenograft (PDX) experiments are important to accurately inform human clinical trials. There is little experimental design guidance regarding choosing the number of PDX lines to study, and the number of mice within each PDX line. METHODS Retrospective data from IDH-wildtype glioblastoma preclinical experiments evaluating a uniform regimen of fractionated radiation (RT), temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, and concurrent RT/TMZ across 27 PDX lines were used to evaluate experimental designs and empirically estimate statistical power for ANOVA and Cox regression. RESULTS Increasing the number of PDX lines resulted in more precise and reproducible estimates of effect size. To achieve 80% statistical power using ANOVA, experiments using a single PDX line required subsampling of 6 mice per PDX for each treatment group to detect a difference in survival of 135 days, and 9 mice per PDX to detect a difference of 100 days. Alternatively, a design that used 10 PDX lines had greater than 80% power to detect a difference of 135 days with a single mouse per PDX per treatment group, a difference of 100 days with 2 mice per PDX per treatment, and 35 days with more than 10 mice per PDX per treatment. Power for Cox regression was slightly smaller than ANOVA for very small experiments regardless of effect size and slightly higher than ANOVA for detecting a smaller effect size of 35 days difference in survival for moderate-to-large experiments. CONCLUSIONS Experimental designs using few mice across many PDX lines can provide robust results and account for inter-tumor variability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaspar J Kitange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew L Kosel
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Talele S, Zhang W, Burgenske DM, Kim M, Mohammad AS, Dragojevic S, Gupta SK, Bindra RS, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Brain Distribution of Berzosertib: An Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-Related Protein Inhibitor for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 379:343-357. [PMID: 34556535 PMCID: PMC9351722 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective treatment of brain tumors is a considerable challenge in part because of the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that limits drug delivery. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and infiltrative primary brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis after standard-of-care therapy with surgery, radiotherapy (RT), and chemotherapy. DNA damage response (DDR) pathways play a critical role in DNA repair in cancer cells, and inhibition of these pathways can potentially augment RT and chemotherapy tumor cell toxicity. The ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) kinase is a key regulator of the DDR network and is potently and selectively inhibited by the ATR inhibitor berzosertib. Although in vitro studies demonstrate a synergistic effect of berzosertib in combination with temozolomide, in vivo efficacy studies have yet to recapitulate this observation using intracranial tumor models. In the current study, we demonstrate that delivery of berzosertib to the brain is restricted by efflux at the BBB. Berzosertib has a high binding affinity to brain tissue compared with plasma, thereby leading to low free drug concentrations in the brain. Berzosertib distribution is heterogenous within the tumor, wherein concentrations are substantially lower in normal brain and invasive tumor rim (wherein the BBB is intact) when compared with those in the tumor core (wherein the BBB is leaky). These results demonstrate that high tissue binding and limited and heterogenous brain distribution of berzosertib may be important factors that influence the efficacy of berzosertib therapy in GBM. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study examined the brain delivery and efficacy of berzosertib in patient-derived xenograft models of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Berzosertib is actively effluxed at the blood-brain barrier and is highly bound to brain tissue, leading to low free drug concentrations in the brain. Berzosertib is heterogeneously distributed into different regions of the brain and tumor and, in this study, was not efficacious in vivo when combined with temozolomide. These factors inform the future clinical utility of berzosertib for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Danielle M Burgenske
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Minjee Kim
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Afroz S Mohammad
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Sonja Dragojevic
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Shiv K Gupta
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Ranjit S Bindra
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.T., W.Z., M.K., A.S.M., W.F.E.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (D.M.B., S.D., S.K.G., J.N.S.); and Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (R.S.B.)
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Dragojevic S, Ji J, Singh PK, Connors MA, Mutter RW, Lester SC, Talele SM, Zhang W, Carlson BL, Remmes NB, Park SS, Elmquist WF, Krishnan S, Tryggestad EJ, Sarkaria JN. Preclinical Risk Evaluation of Normal Tissue Injury With Novel Radiosensitizers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 111:e54-e62. [PMID: 34400266 PMCID: PMC8764622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxic damage induced by radiation triggers a highly coordinated DNA damage response, and molecular inhibitors of key nodes within this complex response network can profoundly enhance the antitumor efficacy of radiation. This is especially true for drugs targeting the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase, which is a core component of the nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair pathway, and ataxia telangiectasia mutated, which coordinates cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and DNA repair functionalities after radiation exposure. Unlike the more modest in vitro radiosensitizing effects seen with classic sensitizing agents such as cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, or taxanes, DNA-dependent protein kinase or ataxia telangiectasia mutated inhibitors provide much more robust sensitizing effects in vitro, as might be anticipated from targeting these key DNA repair modulators. However, patients with homozygous inactivating mutations of ataxia telangiectasia mutated or mice with homozygous defects in DNA-dependent protein kinase (severe combined immunodeficiency) have profoundly enhanced acute normal tissue radiation reactions. Therefore, there is significant potential that the combination of small molecule inhibitors of these kinases with radiation could cause similar dose-limiting acute normal tissue toxicities. Similarly, although less understood, inhibition of these DNA repair response pathways could markedly increase the risk of late radiation toxicities. Because these potent radiosensitizers could be highly useful to improve local control of otherwise radiation-resistant tumors, understanding the potential for elevated risks of radiation injury is essential for optimizing therapeutic ratio and developing safe and informative clinical trials. In this review, we will discuss 2 straightforward models to assess the potential for enhanced mucosal toxicity in the oral cavity and small intestine established in our laboratories. We also will discuss similar strategies for evaluating potential drug-radiation interactions with regard to increased risks of debilitating late effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Dragojevic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jianxiong Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Robert W. Mutter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Scott C. Lester
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Surabhi M. Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Brett L. Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Sean S. Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William F. Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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47
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Kenchappa RS, Liu Y, Argenziano MG, Banu MA, Mladek AC, West R, Luu A, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Hambardzumyan D, Justilien V, Leitges M, Sarkaria JN, Sims PA, Canoll P, Murray NR, Fields AP, Rosenfeld SS. Protein kinase C ι and SRC signaling define reciprocally related subgroups of glioblastoma with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110054. [PMID: 34818553 PMCID: PMC9845019 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that atypical protein kinase Cι (PKCι) is an oncogenic driver of glioblastoma (GBM). Deletion or inhibition of PKCι significantly impairs tumor growth and prolongs survival in murine GBM models. GBM cells expressing elevated PKCι signaling are sensitive to PKCι inhibitors, whereas those expressing low PKCι signaling exhibit active SRC signaling and sensitivity to SRC inhibitors. Resistance to the PKCι inhibitor auranofin is associated with activated SRC signaling and response to a SRC inhibitor, whereas resistance to a SRC inhibitor is associated with activated PKCι signaling and sensitivity to auranofin. Interestingly, PKCι- and SRC-dependent cells often co-exist in individual GBM tumors, and treatment of GBM-bearing mice with combined auranofin and SRC inhibitor prolongs survival beyond either drug alone. Thus, we identify PKCι and SRC signaling as distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities that are directly translatable into an improved treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajappa S. Kenchappa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA,These authors contributed equally,Correspondence: (R.S.K.), (N.R.M.), (A.P.F.), (S.S.R.)
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Michael G. Argenziano
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matei A. Banu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ann C. Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Rita West
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Amanda Luu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Verline Justilien
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Peter A. Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nicole R. Murray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA,Correspondence: (R.S.K.), (N.R.M.), (A.P.F.), (S.S.R.)
| | - Alan P. Fields
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA,Correspondence: (R.S.K.), (N.R.M.), (A.P.F.), (S.S.R.)
| | - Steven S. Rosenfeld
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA,Lead contact,Correspondence: (R.S.K.), (N.R.M.), (A.P.F.), (S.S.R.)
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48
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Rajani K, Olson I, Jacobs JJ, Riviere-Cazaux C, Burns K, Carlstrom L, Schroeder M, Oh J, Howe CL, Rahman M, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF, Burns TC. Methods for intratumoral microdialysis probe targeting and validation in murine brain tumor models. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109321. [PMID: 34390758 PMCID: PMC10703144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microdialysis is a well validated sampling technique that can be used for pharmacokinetic studies of oncological drugs targeting the central nervous system. This technique has also been applied to evaluate tumor metabolism and identify pharmacodynamic biomarkers of drug activity. Despite the potential utility of microdialysis for therapeutic discovery, variability in tumor size and location hamper routine use of microdialysis as a preclinical tool. Quantitative validation of microdialysis membrane location relative to radiographically evident tumor regions could facilitate rigorous preclinical studies. However, a widely accessible standardized workflow for preclinical catheter placement and validation is needed. NEW METHOD We provide methods for a workflow to yield tailored placement of microdialysis probes within a murine intracranial tumor and illustrate in an IDH1-mutant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. This detailed workflow uses a freely available on-line tool built within 3D-slicer freeware to target microdialysis probe placement within the tumor core and validate probe placement fully within the tumor. RESULTS We illustrate use of this workflow to validate microdialysis probe location relative to implanted IDH1-mutant PDXs, using the microdialysis probes to quantify levels of extracellular onco-metabolite D-2 hydroxyglutarate. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Previous methods have used 3D slicer to reliably measure tumor volumes. Prior microdialysis studies have targeted expected tumor locations without validation. CONCLUSIONS The new method offers a streamlined and freely available workflow in 3D slicer to optimize and validate microdialysis probe placement within a murine brain tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Rajani
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ian Olson
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Joshua J Jacobs
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Kirsten Burns
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lucas Carlstrom
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mark Schroeder
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Juhee Oh
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Charles L Howe
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Masum Rahman
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Terry C Burns
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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49
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Gonzalez-Buendia E, Zhao J, Wang L, Mukherjee S, Zhang D, Arrieta VA, Feldstein E, Kane JR, Kang SJ, Lee-Chang C, Mahajan A, Chen L, Realubit R, Karan C, Magnuson L, Horbinski C, Marshall SA, Sarkaria JN, Mohyeldin A, Nakano I, Bansal M, James CD, Brat DJ, Ahmed A, Canoll P, Rabadan R, Shilatifard A, Sonabend AM. TOP2B Enzymatic Activity on Promoters and Introns Modulates Multiple Oncogenes in Human Gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5669-5680. [PMID: 34433651 PMCID: PMC8818263 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The epigenetic mechanisms involved in transcriptional regulation leading to malignant phenotype in gliomas remains poorly understood. Topoisomerase IIB (TOP2B), an enzyme that decoils and releases torsional forces in DNA, is overexpressed in a subset of gliomas. Therefore, we investigated its role in epigenetic regulation in these tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To investigate the role of TOP2B in epigenetic regulation in gliomas, we performed paired chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing for TOP2B and RNA-sequencing analysis of glioma cell lines with and without TOP2B inhibition and in human glioma specimens. These experiments were complemented with assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing, gene silencing, and mouse xenograft experiments to investigate the function of TOP2B and its role in glioma phenotypes. RESULTS We discovered that TOP2B modulates transcription of multiple oncogenes in human gliomas. TOP2B regulated transcription only at sites where it was enzymatically active, but not at all native binding sites. In particular, TOP2B activity localized in enhancers, promoters, and introns of PDGFRA and MYC, facilitating their expression. TOP2B levels and genomic localization was associated with PDGFRA and MYC expression across glioma specimens, which was not seen in nontumoral human brain tissue. In vivo, TOP2B knockdown of human glioma intracranial implants prolonged survival and downregulated PDGFRA. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that TOP2B activity exerts a pleiotropic role in transcriptional regulation of oncogenes in a subset of gliomas promoting a proliferative phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Gonzalez-Buendia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Subhas Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Víctor A Arrieta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- PECEM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Eric Feldstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Robert Kane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Seong Jae Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Aayushi Mahajan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ronald Realubit
- High-Throughput Screening Genome Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Charles Karan
- High-Throughput Screening Genome Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lisa Magnuson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stacy A Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ahmed Mohyeldin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mukesh Bansal
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Charles D James
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Atique Ahmed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ali Shilatifard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adam M Sonabend
- Department of Neurosurgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
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50
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Chen JWE, Leary S, Barnhouse V, Sarkaria JN, Harley BAC. Matrix hyaluronic acid and hypoxia influence a CD133+ subset of patient-derived glioblastoma cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:330-340. [PMID: 34435883 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) displays diffusive invasion throughout the brain microenvironment that is partially responsible for its short median survival rate (<15 months). Stem-like subpopulations (GBM stem-like cells, GSCs) are believed to play a central role in therapeutic resistance and poor patient prognosis. Given the extensive tissue remodeling and processes such as vessel co-option and regression that occurs in the tumor microenvironment, it is essential to understand the role of metabolic constraint such as hypoxia on GBM cell populations. This work describes the use of a multi-dimensional gelatin hydrogel to culture patient-derived GBM cells to evaluate the influence of hypoxia and the inclusion brain-mimetic hyaluronic acid on the relative activity of GSCs vs. overall GBM cells. Notably, CD133+ GBM cell fraction is crucial for robust formation of tumor-spheroids in multi-dimensional cultures. Additionally, while the relative size of the CD133+ GBM subpopulation increased in response to both hypoxia and matrix-bound hyaluronan, we did not observe cell-subtype specific changes in invasion signaling pathway activation. Taken together, this study highlights the potential of biomimetic culture systems for resolving changes in the population dynamics and behavior of subsets of glioblastoma specimens for the future development of precision medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Wei Emily Chen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 14589, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States.,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 14589, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, Illinois, United States;
| | - Sarah Leary
- University of Illinois, Department of Chemistry, Urbana, Illinois, United States;
| | - Victoria Barnhouse
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 14589, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States;
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Mayo Clinic, 6915, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rochester, Minnesota, United States;
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- University of Illinois, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States.,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 14589, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, Illinois, United States.,University of Illinois, Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States;
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