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Zmorzynski S, Kimicka-Szajwaj A, Szajwaj A, Czerwik-Marcinkowska J, Wojcierowski J. Genetic Changes in Mastocytes and Their Significance in Mast Cell Tumor Prognosis and Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:137. [PMID: 38275618 PMCID: PMC10815783 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cell tumors are a large group of diseases occurring in dogs, cats, mice, as well as in humans. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a disease involving the accumulation of mast cells in organs. KIT gene mutations are very often seen in abnormal mast cells. In SM, high KIT/CD117 expression is observed; however, there are usually no KIT gene mutations present. Mastocytoma (MCT)-a form of cutaneous neoplasm-is common in animals but quite rare in humans. KIT/CD117 receptor mutations were studied as the typical changes for human mastocytosis. In 80% of human cases, the KIT gene substitution p.D816H was present. In about 25% of MCTs, metastasis was observed. Changes in the gene expression of certain genes, such as overexpression of the DNAJ3A3 gene, promote metastasis. In contrast, the SNORD93 gene blocks the expression of metastasis genes. The panel of miR-21-5p, miR-379, and miR-885 has a good efficiency in discriminating healthy and MCT-affected dogs, as well as MCT-affected dogs with and without nodal metastasis. Further studies on the pathobiology of mast cells can lead to clinical improvements, such as better MCT diagnosis and treatment. Our paper reviews studies on the topic of mast cells, which have been carried out over the past few years.
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Varvil MS, dos Santos AP. A review on microRNA detection and expression studies in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1261085. [PMID: 37869503 PMCID: PMC10585042 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1261085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Their stability and abundance in tissue and body fluids makes them promising potential tools for both the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases and attractive therapeutic targets in humans and dogs. Studies of miRNA expression in normal and disease processes in dogs are scarce compared to studies published on miRNA expression in human disease. In this literature review, we identified 461 peer-reviewed papers from database searches using the terms "canine," "dog," "miRNA," and "microRNA"; we screened 244 for inclusion criteria and then included a total of 148 original research peer-reviewed publications relating to specific miRNA expression in canine samples. We found an overlap of miRNA expression changes between the four groups evaluated (normal processes, non-infectious and non-inflammatory conditions, infectious and/or inflammatory conditions, and neoplasia) in 39 miRNAs, 83 miRNAs in three of the four groups, 110 miRNAs in two of the three groups, where 158 miRNAs have only been reported in one of the groups. Additionally, the mechanism of action of these overlapping miRNAs varies depending on the disease process, elucidating a need for characterization of the mechanism of action of each miRNA in each disease process being evaluated. Herein we also draw attention to the lack of standardization of miRNA evaluation, consistency within a single evaluation method, and the need for standardized methods for a direct comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara S. Varvil
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Andrea Pires dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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3
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Chakrabortty A, Patton DJ, Smith BF, Agarwal P. miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1375. [PMID: 37510280 PMCID: PMC10378777 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to messenger RNAs. miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is implicated in many human and canine diseases. Most cancers tested to date have been shown to express altered miRNA levels, which indicates their potential importance in the oncogenic process. Based on this evidence, numerous miRNAs have been suggested as potential cancer biomarkers for both diagnosis and prognosis. miRNA-based therapies have also been tested in different cancers and have provided measurable clinical benefits to patients. In addition, understanding miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms in cancer can provide important knowledge about resistance to chemotherapies, leading to more personalized cancer treatment. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the importance of miRNA in human and canine cancer research. We discussed the current state of development and potential for the miRNA as both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atonu Chakrabortty
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Daniel J Patton
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Bruce F Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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4
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Irving JR, Hiron TK, Davison LJ, Xia D, Beck S, Werling D, Williams J. Characterization of canine intestinal microRNA expression in inflammatory bowel disease and T-cell lymphoma. J Comp Pathol 2023; 204:23-29. [PMID: 37329660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.03.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Differentiating between canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and intestinal T-cell lymphoma by histopathological examination of endoscopically-derived intestinal biopsies can be challenging and involves an invasive procedure requiring specialized equipment and training. A rapid, non-invasive method of diagnosis, such as blood or faecal analysis for a conserved and stable biomarker, would be a useful adjunct or replacement. Studies on dogs and humans with various types of lymphoma have shown altered microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns in blood, faeces and tissues indicating their potential use as biomarkers of disease. The present study used residual archived endoscopically-derived, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) duodenal tissue taken from pet dogs undergoing routine investigation of gastrointestinal disease. The dogs had previously been diagnosed with either normal/minimal intestinal inflammation, severe IBD or intestinal T-cell lymphoma. Next generation sequencing with qPCR validation was used to elucidate differentially expressed miRNAs between groups. Our results show that miRNA can be extracted from archived endoscopically-derived FFPE tissues from the canine duodenum and used to differentiate normal/minimally inflamed canine duodenal tissue from severe lymphoplasmacytic IBD and T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Irving
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Thomas K Hiron
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Lucy J Davison
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Dong Xia
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Samuel Beck
- VPG Histology, Horner Court, 637 Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol BS7 0BJ, UK
| | - Dirk Werling
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
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5
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Zamarian V, Stefanello D, Ferrari R, Chiti LE, Grieco V, DallaCosta E, Ceciliani F, Lecchi C. Salivary miR-21 is a potential biomarker for canine mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol 2023; 60:47-51. [PMID: 36286075 DOI: 10.1177/03009858221128922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA molecules playing a crucial role in tumor modulation targeting mRNA. This study aimed to validate the diagnostic potential of a panel of 3 miRNAs previously identified in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs), miR-21, miR-379, and miR-885, as markers of lymph node involvement in terms of histological absence (nonmetastatic: HN0; premetastatic: HN1) and presence (early-metastatic: HN2; overt-metastatic: HN3) of metastasis, in the saliva of mast cell tumor (MCT)-affected dogs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty-seven saliva samples were analyzed: 36 from MCT-affected dogs (12 subcutaneous [3 HN0-1 and 9 HN2-3] and 24 cutaneous [9 HN0-1 and 15 HN2-3-MCT]) and 11 from healthy dogs. MCT-group effects were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The origin of the tumor affected the expression of salivary miR-21 (P = .011) with an increase in cases with subcutaneous MCTs compared with the healthy group (P = .0005) and those with cutaneous MCTs (P = .004). Salivary miR-21 was higher in the HN2-3 class compared with the healthy group (P = .004). Salivary miR-885 was not affected by the presence of MCT, while miR-379 was not detected in saliva. The diagnostic potential of salivary miR-21 in discriminating MCT-affected dogs from the healthy group (AUC = 0.8917), cutaneous from subcutaneous (AUC = 0.8111), and subcutaneous HN0-1 (AUC = 0.7250) and HN2-3 (AUC = 0.9750) classes from healthy samples was demonstrated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Overall, salivary miR-21 was identified as a promising tool, representing a novel approach to detecting MCT-associated epigenetic alterations in a minimally invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zamarian
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
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Willmann M, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Marconato L, Dacasto M, Hadzijusufovic E, Hermine O, Sadovnik I, Gamperl S, Schneeweiss-Gleixner M, Gleixner KV, Böhm T, Peter B, Eisenwort G, Moriggl R, Li Z, Jawhar M, Sotlar K, Jensen-Jarolim E, Sexl V, Horny HP, Galli SJ, Arock M, Vail DM, Kiupel M, Valent P. Proposed Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Canine Mast Cell Neoplasms: A Consensus Proposal. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:755258. [PMID: 34957277 PMCID: PMC8702826 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.755258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cell neoplasms are one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in dogs. The clinical picture, course, and prognosis vary substantially among patients, depending on the anatomic site, grade and stage of the disease. The most frequently involved organ is the skin, followed by hematopoietic organs (lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and bone marrow) and mucosal sites of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. In cutaneous mast cell tumors, several grading and staging systems have been introduced. However, no comprehensive classification and no widely accepted diagnostic criteria have been proposed to date. To address these open issues and points we organized a Working Conference on canine mast cell neoplasms in Vienna in 2019. The outcomes of this meeting are summarized in this article. The proposed classification includes cutaneous mast cell tumors and their sub-variants defined by grading- and staging results, mucosal mast cell tumors, extracutaneous/extramucosal mast cell tumors without skin involvement, and mast cell leukemia (MCL). For each of these entities, diagnostic criteria are proposed. Moreover, we have refined grading and staging criteria for mast cell neoplasms in dogs based on consensus discussion. The criteria and classification proposed in this article should greatly facilitate diagnostic evaluation and prognostication in dogs with mast cell neoplasms and should thereby support management of these patients in daily practice and the conduct of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Willmann
- Department/Hospital for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinic for Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Michael Willmann
| | - Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Emir Hadzijusufovic
- Department/Hospital for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinic for Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Department of Hematology, Imagine Institute Université de Paris, INSERM U1163, CEREMAST, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Gamperl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline V. Gleixner
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Böhm
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Peter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mohamad Jawhar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karl Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephen J. Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michel Arock
- Laboratory of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - David M. Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Peter Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Agarwal P, Crepps MP, Stahr NA, Kretzschmar WP, Harris HC, Prasad N, Levy SE, Smith BF. Identification of canine circulating miRNAs as tumor biospecific markers using Next-Generation Sequencing and Q-RT-PCR. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101106. [PMID: 34458596 PMCID: PMC8379617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Delay in cancer diagnosis often results in metastasis and an inability to successfully treat the tumor. The use of broadly cancer-specific biomarkers at an early stage may improve cancer treatment and staging. This study has explored circulatory exosomal miRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers to identify cancer patients. Secretory exosomal miRNAs were isolated from 13 canine cancer cell lines (lymphoma, mast cell tumor, histiocytic cell line, osteosarcoma, melanoma, and breast tumor) and were sequenced by Next-Generation sequencing (NGS). We have identified 6 miRNAs (cfa-miR-9, -1841, -1306, -345, -132, and -26b) by NGS that were elevated in all cancer cell types. The miRNAs identified by NGS were then examined by Q-RT-PCR. The PCR data demonstrated similar expression patterns to those seen with NGS but provided fold differences that were much lower than those seen for NGS. Cfa-miR-9 was found to be the most consistently elevated miRNA in NGS and PCR, making it the most likely miRNA to prove diagnostic. In this study, we have demonstrated that it is possible to identify exosomal miRNAs with elevated secretion across multiple tumor types that could be used as circulatory diagnostic biomarkers for liquid biopsy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Melissa P. Crepps
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Natalie A. Stahr
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Will P. Kretzschmar
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Hannah C. Harris
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- HudsonAlpha Discovery Life Science, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Shawn E. Levy
- HudsonAlpha Discovery Life Science, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Bruce F. Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
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Morlang MI, Weber K, von Bomhard W, Mueller RS. Cutaneous microRNA expression in healthy Labrador and Golden retrievers and retrievers with allergic and inflammatory skin diseases. Vet Dermatol 2021; 32:331-e92. [PMID: 34009728 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. Their expression is proposed to be tissue-specific and alterations in miRNA expression have been detected in many diseases. OBJECTIVE To compare miRNA expression in the skin of healthy Labrador and golden retrievers, and those with allergic and nonallergic dermatitis. METHODS AND MATERIALS Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) skin specimens from seven healthy Labrador and golden retrievers, and seven dogs with allergic skin disease were collected. A further mixed nonallergic inflammation group consisted of samples from five dogs with fungal infection, demodicosis and mast cell tumours. Total RNA was extracted and miRNA primer assays for 18 target miRNAs (miR-142, miR-363, miR-18b, miR-451, miR-146a, miR-124, miR-409, miR-193b, miR-223, miR-215, miR-155, miR-423a, miR-143, miR-1839, miR-21, miR-34b, miR-146b and miR-202) were performed, with RNU6-2 and SNORD95 as miRNAs for normalisation. The selection of miRNAs for investigation was based on reported data and a pilot study evaluating miRNA extraction from FFPE tissue specimens. RESULTS In the two dogs with mast cell tumours, miRNA expression was undetermined for most miRNAs, so both were excluded from analysis. Although there were differences in the miRNA expression between healthy and inflamed skin, allergic and nonallergic inflammation showed similar expression patterns. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although the number of included dogs was small, based on this study, none of the evaluated miRNAs allowed differentiation of allergic dermatitis from other inflammatory skin diseases in retriever dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Isabel Morlang
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstr. 13, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Weber
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstr. 13, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolf von Bomhard
- Fachpraxis für Tierpathologie Munich, Hartelstr. 30, 80689, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf S Mueller
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstr. 13, 80539, Munich, Germany
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Leonardi L, Scotlandi K, Pettinari I, Benassi MS, Porcellato I, Pazzaglia L. MiRNAs in Canine and Human Osteosarcoma: A Highlight Review on Comparative Biomolecular Aspects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020428. [PMID: 33670554 PMCID: PMC7922516 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary malignant tumor of bone in humans and animals. Comparative oncology is a field of study that examines the cancer risk and tumor progression across the species. The canine model is ideally suited for translational cancer research. The biological and clinical characteristics of human and canine OS are common to hypothesize as that several living and environmental common conditions shared between the two species can influence some etiopathogenetic mechanisms, for which the canine species represents an important model of comparison with the human species. In the canine and human species, osteosarcoma is the tumor of bone with the highest frequency, with a value of about 80–85% (in respect to all other bone tumors), a high degree of invasiveness, and a high rate of metastasis and malignancy. Humans and dogs have many genetic and biomolecular similarities such as alterations in the expression of p53 and in some types of microRNAs that our working group has already described previously in several separate works. In this paper, we report and collect new comparative biomolecular features of osteosarcoma in dogs and humans, which may represent an innovative update on the biomolecular profile of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Leonardi
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7663
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Pettinari
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Maria Serena Benassi
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
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10
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Zamarian V, Ferrari R, Stefanello D, Ceciliani F, Grieco V, Minozzi G, Chiti LE, Arigoni M, Calogero R, Lecchi C. miRNA profiles of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours with early nodal metastasis and evaluation as potential biomarkers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18918. [PMID: 33144602 PMCID: PMC7609711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75877-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common skin neoplasms in dogs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators involved in several cellular processes, and they can function as tumour promoters or suppressors. However, the role of miRNAs in canine MCTs has not yet been elucidated. Thus, the current study aimed to characterize miRNA profiles and to assess their value as biomarkers for MCTs. miRNA expression profiles were assessed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples by next-generation sequencing. Ten samples were MCT tissues, and 7 were healthy adjacent tissues. Nine dysregulated miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were then validated using RT-qPCR in a larger group of MCT samples, allowing the calculation of ROC curves and performance of multiple factor analysis (MFA). Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to investigate miRNA biological functions. The results showed that the expression of 63 miRNAs (18 up- and 45 downregulated) was significantly affected in MCTs. Five DE-miRNAs, namely, miR-21-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-338, miR-379 and miR-885, were validated by RT-qPCR. The diagnostic accuracy of a panel of 3 DE-miRNAs—miR-21, miR-379 and miR-885—exhibited increased efficiency in discriminating animals with MCTs (AUC = 0.9854) and animals with lymph node metastasis (AUC = 0.8923). Multiple factor analysis revealed clusters based on nodal metastasis. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses confirmed that the DE-miRNAs were involved in cell proliferation, survival and metastasis pathways. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the miRNA expression profile is changed in the MCT microenvironment, suggesting the involvement of the altered miRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of MCTs and identifying miR-21, miR-379 and miR-885 as promising biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zamarian
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ceciliani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Grieco
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulietta Minozzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lavinia Elena Chiti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Università di Torino, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Raffaele Calogero
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Università di Torino, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Lecchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Makii R, Cook H, Louke D, Breitbach J, Jennings R, Premanandan C, Green EM, Fenger JM. Characterization of WWOX expression and function in canine mast cell tumors and malignant mast cell lines. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:415. [PMID: 33129329 PMCID: PMC7603737 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) tumor suppressor gene is frequently lost in a variety of solid and hematopoietic malignancies in humans. Dysregulation of WWOX has been implicated as playing a key role in tumor cell survival, DNA damage repair, and genomic stability. The purpose of this study was to characterize WWOX expression in spontaneous canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) and malignant cell lines and investigate the potential contribution of WWOX loss on malignant mast cell behavior. METHODS/RESULTS WWOX expression is decreased in primary canine MCTs and malignant mast cell lines compared to normal canine bone marrow-cultured mast cells. In transformed canine mastocytoma cell lines, overexpression of WWOX or WWOX knockdown had no effect on mast cell viability. Inhibition of WWOX enhanced clonogenic survival following treatment with ionizing radiation in the C2 mast cell line. Lastly, immunohistochemistry for WWOX was performed using a canine MCT tissue microarray, demonstrating that WWOX staining intensity and percent of cells staining for WWOX is decreased in high-grade MCTs compared to low-grade MCTs. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that WWOX expression is attenuated or lost in primary canine MCTs and malignant mast cell lines. Given the observed increase in clonogenic survival in WWOX-deficient C2 mast cells treated with ionizing radiation, further investigation of WWOX and its role in mediating the DNA damage response in malignant mast cells is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Makii
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, 444 Veterinary Medical Academic Building, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hanna Cook
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, 444 Veterinary Medical Academic Building, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Darian Louke
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, 444 Veterinary Medical Academic Building, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Justin Breitbach
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ryan Jennings
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher Premanandan
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eric M Green
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, 444 Veterinary Medical Academic Building, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joelle M Fenger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, 444 Veterinary Medical Academic Building, Columbus, OH, USA.
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12
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Xavier PLP, Müller S, Fukumasu H. Epigenetic Mechanisms in Canine Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:591843. [PMID: 33194754 PMCID: PMC7646326 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.591843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of data has highlighted the role of epigenetics in the development of cancer. Initiation and progression of different cancer types are associated with a variety of changes of epigenetic mechanisms, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA expression. At the same time, advances in the available epigenetic tools allow to investigate and reverse these epigenetic changes and form the basis for the development of anticancer drugs in human oncology. Although human and canine cancer shares several common features, only recently that studies emerged investigating the epigenetic landscape in canine cancer and applying epigenetic modulators to canine cancer. This review focuses on the existing studies involving epigenetic changes in different types of canine cancer and the use of small-molecule inhibitors in canine cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Luiz Porfirio Xavier
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
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13
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Abstract
Mast cells are innate immune cells that intersect with the adaptive immunity and play a crucial role in the initiation of allergic reactions and the host defense against certain parasites and venoms. When activated in an allergen- and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent manner, these cells secrete a large variety of allergenic mediators that are pre-stored in secretory granules or
de novo–synthesized. Traditionally, studies have predominantly focused on understanding this mechanism of mast cell activation and regulation. Along this line of study, recent studies have shed light on what structural features are required for allergens and how IgE, particularly anaphylactic IgE, is produced. However, the last few years have seen a flurry of new studies on IgE-independent mast cell activation, particularly via Mrgprb2 (mouse) and MRGPRX2 (human). These studies have greatly advanced our understanding of how mast cells exert non-histaminergic itch, pain, and drug-induced pseudoallergy by interacting with sensory neurons. Recent studies have also characterized mast cell activation and regulation by interleukin-33 (IL-33) and other cytokines and by non-coding RNAs. These newly identified mechanisms for mast cell activation and regulation will further stimulate the allergy/immunology community to develop novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of allergic and non-allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Soo Kim
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Kazumi Kasakura
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.,Department of Dermatlogy, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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14
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Companion canines: an under-utilised model to aid in translating anti-metastatics to the clinic. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:7-12. [PMID: 31691156 PMCID: PMC7007897 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-10002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Khafaei M, Rezaie E, Mohammadi A, Shahnazi Gerdehsang P, Ghavidel S, Kadkhoda S, Zorrieh Zahra A, Forouzanfar N, Arabameri H, Tavallaie M. miR-9: From function to therapeutic potential in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14651-14665. [PMID: 30693512 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Malignant neoplasms are regarded as the main cause of death around the world; hence, many research studies were conducted to further perceive molecular mechanisms, treatment, and cancer prognosis. Cancer is known as a major factor for health-related problems in the world. The main challenges associated with these diseases are prompt diagnosis, disease remission classification and treatment status forecast. Therefore, progressing in such areas by developing new and optimized methods with the help of minimally invasive biological markers such as circular microRNAs (miRNAs) can be considered important. miRNA interactions with target genes have specified their role in development, apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation and also, confirm direct miRNA function in cancer. Different miRNAs expression levels in various types of malignant neoplasms have been observed to be associated with prognosis of various carcinomas. miR-9 seems to implement opposite practices in different tissues or under various cancer incidences by influencing different genes. Aberrant miR-9 levels have been observed in many cancer types. Therefore, we intended to investigate the precise role of miR-9 in patients with malignant neoplasms. To this end, in this study, we attempted to examine different studies to clarify the overall role of miR-9 as a prognostic marker in several human tumors. The presented data in this study can help us to find the novel therapeutic avenues for treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Khafaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Rezaie
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Ghavidel
- Department Cell and Molecular Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Kadkhoda
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Zorrieh Zahra
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Forouzanfar
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Arabameri
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Tavallaie
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Nourmohammadi B, Tafsiri E, Rahimi A, Nourmohammadi Z, Daneshvar Kakhaki A, Cho W, Karimipoor M. Expression of miR-9 and miR-200c, ZEB1, ZEB2 and E-cadherin in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1633-1639. [PMID: 31244281 PMCID: PMC7021597 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exert a critical influence on physiological and pathological processes through post-transcriptional modification of their mRNA targets. They play important roles in tumorigenesis and are considered to be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with various cancers. MiR-200c and miR-9 are regulatory elements that can have dual impacts as oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes. MiR-200c regulates two transcription factors, ZEB1 and ZEB2, while miR-9 is a regulatory factor for the E-cadherin protein which has a critical function in cell-cell junctions and is inhibited by two transcription factors ZEB1 and ZEB2. In this study, expression levels of miR-200c and miR-9, ZEB-1, ZEB-2 and E-cadherin were assessed in 30 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) by real-time qPCR. MiR-9 was down-regulated significantly in tumor tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues, while there was no significant change in expression level of miR-200c. On the other hand, ZEB1 demonstrated significant increase and ZEB2a decrease at the mRNA level. These results indicate roles for miR-9 and ZEB1 in genesis of lung cancer, although clinico-pathological associations were not evident. Further studies are necessary to assess implications for treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nourmohammadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. ,Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Tafsiri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirabbas Rahimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Nourmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Daneshvar Kakhaki
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - William Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Morteza Karimipoor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Šimundić M, Švara T, Štukelj R, Krek JL, Gombač M, Kralj-Iglič V, Tozon N. Concentration of extracellular vesicles isolated from blood relative to the clinical pathological status of dogs with mast cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:456-464. [PMID: 31066969 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed fragments shed from all cell types, including tumour cells. EVs contain a wide range of proteins, biolipids and genetic material derived from mother cells and therefore may be potential biomarkers for tumour diagnosis, disease progression and treatment success. We studied the effect of canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) on EV concentrations in blood isolates in association with MCT's histological grade, Ki-67 proliferative index, KIT-staining pattern and number of PLT. The average EV concentration in blood isolates from nine dogs with MCTs was considerably higher than that in blood from eight healthy dogs. But there were no statistically significant differences in EVs concentration in the population of dogs with MCT according to a different histological grade of malignancy (Patnaik, Kiupel), KIT-staining pattern and Ki-67 proliferation index. The results show that these variables statistically do not significantly predicted EV concentrations in blood isolates (P > .05), except the KIT-staining pattern I which added statistically significantly to the prediction (P < .05). The results confirmed the impact of neoplasms on the morphological changes to cell membranes, which result in greater vesiculability and higher EV concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Švara
- Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Štukelj
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Healt and Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Judita L Krek
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Healt and Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Gombač
- Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Healt and Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Tozon
- Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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18
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MicroRNA Involvement in Allergic and Non-Allergic Mast Cell Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092145. [PMID: 31052286 PMCID: PMC6539777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic inflammation is accompanied by the coordinated expression of numerous genes and proteins that initiate, sustain, and propagate immune responses and tissue remodeling. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large class of small regulatory molecules that are able to control the translation of target mRNAs and consequently regulate various biological processes at the posttranscriptional level. MiRNA profiles have been identified in multiple allergic inflammatory diseases and in the tumor microenvironment. Mast cells have been found to co-localize within the above conditions. More specifically, in addition to being essential in initiating the allergic response, mast cells play a key role in both innate and adaptive immunity as well as in modulating tumor growth. This review summarizes the possible role of various miRNAs in the above-mentioned processes wherein mast cells have been found to be involved. Understanding the role of miRNAs in mast cell activation and function may serve as an important tool in developing diagnostic as well as therapeutic approaches in mast cell-dependent pathological conditions.
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19
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Wu L, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Gu H, Zhou K, Yin X, Xu J. MiR-409-3p Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Osteosarcoma by Targeting Zinc-Finger E-Box-Binding Homeobox-1. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:137. [PMID: 30846940 PMCID: PMC6393378 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone cancer worldwide. There is evidence that microRNA-409 (miR-409-3p) is involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, however, its possible role in OS requires clarification. In the present study, we evaluated the expression level, clinical significance, and mode of action of miR-409-3p in OS. The miR-409-3p levels were diminished in the OS cells and tissues compared with associated adjacent non-tumor tissues and a non-cancer osteoplastic cell line. Low miR-409-3p expression levels were associated with clinical stage and distant metastasis in patients with OS. Resumption of miR-409-3p expression attenuated OS cell proliferation and invasion. Additionally, based on informatics analyses, we predicted that zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) is a possible target of miR-409-3p. This hypothesis was confirmed using luciferase reporter assays, reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analyses. The findings of the current study indicated that ZEB1 was up-regulated in the OS tissues and cell lines, and that this up-regulation was inversely proportional to miR-409-3p expression levels. Furthermore, down-regulation of ZEB1 decreased OS cell invasion and proliferation, illustrating that the tumor suppressive role of miR-409-3p in OS cells may be exerted via negative regulation of ZEB1. Taken together, our observations highlight the potential role of miR-409-3p as a tumor suppressor in OS partially through down-regulation of ZEB1 and suggest that miR-409-3p has potential applications in OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- Minhang Hosptial, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Minhang Hosptial, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Huijie Gu
- Minhang Hosptial, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaifeng Zhou
- Minhang Hosptial, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofan Yin
- Minhang Hosptial, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Minhang Hosptial, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Bowlt Blacklock K, Birand Z, Biasoli D, Fineberg E, Murphy S, Flack D, Bass J, Di Palma S, Blackwood L, McKay J, Whitbread T, Fox R, Eve T, Beaver S, Starkey M. Identification of molecular genetic contributants to canine cutaneous mast cell tumour metastasis by global gene expression analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208026. [PMID: 30566430 PMCID: PMC6300220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous mast cell tumours are one of the most common canine cancers. Approximately 25% of the tumours metastasise. Activating c-kit mutations are present in about 20% of tumours, but metastases occur in the absence of mutations. Tumour metastasis is associated with significantly diminished survival in spite of adjuvant chemotherapy. Available prognostic tests do not reliably predict whether a tumour will metastasise. In this study we compared the global expression profiles of 20 primary cutaneous mast cell tumours that metastasised with those of 20 primary tumours that did not metastasise. The objective was to identify genes associated with mast cell tumour metastatic progression that may represent targets for therapeutic intervention and biomarkers for prediction of tumour metastasis. Canine Gene 1.1 ST Arrays were employed for genome-wide expression analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies of mast cell tumours borne by dogs that either died due to confirmed mast cell tumour metastasis, or were still alive more than 1000 days post-surgery. Decreased gene expression in the metastasising tumours appears to be associated with a loss of cell polarity, reduced cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion, and increased cell deformability and motility. Dysregulated gene expression may also promote extracellular matrix and base membrane degradation, suppression of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Down-regulation of gene expression in the metastasising tumours may be achieved at least in part by small nucleolar RNA-derived RNA and microRNA-effected gene silencing. Employing cross-validation, a linear discriminant analysis-based classifier featuring 19 genes that displayed two-fold differences in expression between metastasising and non-metastasising tumours was estimated to classify metastasising and non-metastasising tumours with accuracies of 90-100% and 70-100%, respectively. The differential expression of 9 of the discriminator genes was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeynep Birand
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sue Murphy
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
| | - Debs Flack
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
| | - Joyce Bass
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
| | | | - Laura Blackwood
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny McKay
- IDEXX Laboratories, Ltd, Wetherby, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Fox
- Finn Pathologists, Harleston, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Eve
- Finn Pathologists, Harleston, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Beaver
- Nationwide Laboratory Services, Poulton-le-Fylde, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Starkey
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, United Kingdom
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21
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Li Y, Liu J, Zhang J, Zhang W, Wu Z. Characterization of microRNA profile in IgE-mediated mouse BMMCs degranulation. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2018; 53:550-560. [PMID: 30473142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells play a central role in innate and adaptive immunity by releasing pre-formed and de novo synthesized mediators, which include microRNAs. Although miRNAs have been confirmed to function in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and the immune response, their functions are still limited in mast cells degranulation. METHODS Here, we survey miRNA expression profiles in activated mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) with a miRNA microarray and compare the profiles to those from resting BMMCs. Partial miRNAs were selected for confirmation by qPCR, and let-7i was selected for function discover in mast cell degranulation process. TargetScan Mouse database were used for target genes prediction, gene ontology (GO) were used for gene molecular function classifications, and Cytoscape software were used to construct gene network of degranulation. RESULTS We found 13 up-regulated miRNAs and 7 down-regulated miRNAs in DNP activated BMMCs by miRNA microarray; and let-7b, let-7c, let-7d, let-7f, let-7i, and miR-652 were up-regulated, and miR-296-3p was down-regulated in DNP-stimulated BMMCs by qPCR. In the function research, let-7i can inhibit mast cell degranulation by suppress Exco8 expression. Overall, the data indicate that miRNAs participate in mast cell activation, especial for mast cell degranulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhengli Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Research Center of Fishery Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
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22
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Hersi HM, Raulf N, Gaken J, Folarin N, Tavassoli M. MicroRNA-9 inhibits growth and invasion of head and neck cancer cells and is a predictive biomarker of response to plerixafor, an inhibitor of its target CXCR4. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:2023-2041. [PMID: 29959873 PMCID: PMC6275261 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are associated with poor morbidity and mortality. Current treatment strategies are highly toxic and do not benefit over 50% of patients. There is therefore a crucial need for predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers to allow treatment stratification for individual patients. One class of biomarkers that has recently gained importance are microRNA (miRNA). MiRNA are small, noncoding molecules which regulate gene expression post‐transcriptionally. We performed miRNA expression profiling of a cohort of head and neck tumours with known clinical outcomes. The results showed miR‐9 to be significantly downregulated in patients with poor treatment outcome, indicating its role as a potential biomarker in HNSCC. Overexpression of miR‐9 in HNSCC cell lines significantly decreased cellular proliferation and inhibited colony formation in soft agar. Conversely, miR‐9 knockdown significantly increased both these features. Importantly, endogenous CXCR4 expression levels, a known target of miR‐9, inversely correlated with miR‐9 expression in a panel of HNSCC cell lines tested. Induced overexpression of CXCR4 in low expressing cells increased proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle progression. Moreover, CXCR4‐specific ligand, CXCL12, enhanced cellular proliferation, migration, colony formation and invasion in CXCR4‐overexpressing and similarly in miR‐9 knockdown cells. CXCR4‐specific inhibitor plerixafor abrogated the oncogenic phenotype of CXCR4 overexpression as well as miR‐9 knockdown. Our data demonstrate a clear role for miR‐9 as a tumour suppressor microRNA in HNSCC, and its role seems to be mediated through CXCR4 suppression. MiR‐9 knockdown, similar to CXCR4 overexpression, significantly promoted aggressive HNSCC tumour cell characteristics. Our results suggest CXCR4‐specific inhibitor plerixafor as a potential therapeutic agent, and miR‐9 as a possible predictive biomarker of treatment response in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Raulf
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King's College London, UK
| | - Joop Gaken
- Department of Haematological Medicine, The Rayne Institute, King's College London, UK
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23
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Sahabi K, Selvarajah GT, Abdullah R, Cheah YK, Tan GC. Comparative aspects of microRNA expression in canine and human cancers. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:162-171. [PMID: 28927253 PMCID: PMC5879064 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in all biological pathways in multicellular organisms. Over 1,400 human miRNAs have been identified, and many are conserved among vertebrates and invertebrates. Regulation of miRNA is the most common mode of post-transcriptional gene regulation. The miRNAs that are involved in the initiation and progression of cancers are termed oncomiRs and several of them have been identified in canine and human cancers. Similarly, several miRNAs have been reported to be down-regulated in cancers of the two species. In this review, current information on the expression and roles of miRNAs in oncogenesis and progression of human and canine cancers, as well the roles miRNAs have in cancer stem cell biology, are highlighted. The potential for the use of miRNAs as therapeutic targets in personalized cancer therapy in domestic dogs and their possible application in human cancer counterparts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabiru Sahabi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Gayathri T Selvarajah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Effect of dietary restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on the transcriptional profile of bovine jejunal epithelium. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194445. [PMID: 29554113 PMCID: PMC5858768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Compensatory growth (CG), an accelerated growth phenomenon which occurs following a period of dietary restriction is utilised worldwide in animal production systems as a management practise to lower feed costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of jejunal epithelial to CG in cattle through transcriptional profiling following a period of dietary restriction as well as subsequent re-alimentation induced CG. Sixty Holstein Friesian bulls were separated into two groups; RES and ADLIB, with 30 animals in each. RES animals were offered a restricted diet for 125 days (Period 1) followed by ad libitum feeding for 55 days (Period 2). ADLIB animals had ad libitum access to feed across both periods 1 and 2. At the end of each period, 15 animals from each treatment group were slaughtered, jejunal epithelium collected and RNAseq analysis performed. Animals that were previously diet restricted underwent CG, gaining 1.8 times the rate of their non-restricted counterparts. Twenty-four genes were differentially expressed in RES compared to ADLIB animals at the end of Period 1, with only one gene, GSTA1, differentially expressed between the two groups at the end of Period 2. When analysed within treatment (RES, Period 2 v Period 1), 31 genes were differentially expressed between diet restricted and animals undergoing CG. Dietary restriction and subsequent re-alimentation were associated with altered expression of genes involved in digestion and metabolism as well as those involved in cellular division and growth. Compensatory growth was also associated with greater expression of genes involved in cellular protection and detoxification in jejunal epithelium. This study highlights some of the molecular mechanisms regulating the response to dietary restriction and subsequent re-alimentation induced CG in cattle; however the gene expression results suggest that most of the CG in jejunal epithelium had occurred by day 55 of re-alimentation.
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Lai YC, Ushio N, Rahman MM, Katanoda Y, Ogihara K, Naya Y, Moriyama A, Iwanaga T, Saitoh Y, Sogawa T, Sunaga T, Momoi Y, Izumi H, Miyoshi N, Endo Y, Fujiki M, Kawaguchi H, Miura N. Aberrant expression of microRNAs and the miR-1/MET pathway in canine hepatocellular carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:288-296. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.-C. Lai
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - N. Ushio
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - M. M. Rahman
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Y. Katanoda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - K. Ogihara
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Life and Environmental Science; Azabu University; Sagamihara Japan
| | - Y. Naya
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Life and Environmental Science; Azabu University; Sagamihara Japan
| | - A. Moriyama
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories; Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd.; Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Iwanaga
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Y. Saitoh
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Sogawa
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Sunaga
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Y. Momoi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - H. Izumi
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories; Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd.; Kagoshima Japan
| | - N. Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Y. Endo
- Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - M. Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - H. Kawaguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - N. Miura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
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Fenger JM, Roberts RD, Iwenofu OH, Bear MD, Zhang X, Couto JI, Modiano JF, Kisseberth WC, London CA. MiR-9 is overexpressed in spontaneous canine osteosarcoma and promotes a metastatic phenotype including invasion and migration in osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cell lines. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:784. [PMID: 27724924 PMCID: PMC5057229 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of networks of genes and their dysregulation is well documented in human malignancies; however, limited information exists regarding the impact of miRNAs on the development and progression of osteosarcoma (OS). Canine OS exhibits clinical and molecular features that closely resemble the corresponding human disease and it is considered a well-established spontaneous animal model to study OS biology. The purpose of this study was to investigate miRNA dysregulation in canine OS. Methods We evaluated miRNA expression in primary canine OS tumors and normal canine osteoblast cells using the nanoString nCounter system. Quantitative PCR was used to validate the nanoString findings and to assess miR-9 expression in canine OS tumors, OS cell lines, and normal osteoblasts. Canine osteoblasts and OS cell lines were stably transduced with pre-miR-9 or anti-miR-9 lentiviral constructs to determine the consequences of miR-9 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration. Proteomic and gene expression profiling of normal canine osteoblasts with enforced miR-9 expression was performed using 2D-DIGE/tandem mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing and changes in protein and mRNA expression were validated with Western blotting and quantitative PCR. OS cell lines were transduced with gelsolin (GSN) shRNAs to investigate the impact of GSN knockdown on OS cell invasion. Results We identified a unique miRNA signature associated with primary canine OS and identified miR-9 as being significantly overexpressed in canine OS tumors and cell lines compared to normal osteoblasts. Additionally, high miR-9 expression was demonstrated in tumor-specific tissue obtained from primary OS tumors. In normal osteoblasts and OS cell lines transduced with miR-9 lentivirus, enhanced invasion and migration were observed, but miR-9 did not affect cell proliferation or apoptosis. Proteomic and transcriptional profiling of normal canine osteoblasts overexpressing miR-9 identified alterations in numerous genes, including upregulation of GSN, an actin filament-severing protein involved in cytoskeletal remodeling. Lastly, stable downregulation of miR-9 in OS cell lines reduced GSN expression with a concomitant decrease in cell invasion and migration; concordantly, cells transduced with GSN shRNA demonstrated decreased invasive properties. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that miR-9 promotes a metastatic phenotype in normal canine osteoblasts and malignant OS cell lines, and that this is mediated in part by enhanced GSN expression. As such, miR-9 represents a novel target for therapeutic intervention in OS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2837-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle M Fenger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH, USA. .,, 444 Veterinary Medical Academic Building, 1600 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - O Hans Iwenofu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 129 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Misty D Bear
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, 320B Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Drive, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason I Couto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street, SE, MMC 806, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, USA
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27
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Huang JY, Zhang K, Chen DQ, Chen J, Feng B, Song H, Chen Y, Zhu Z, Lu L, De W, Wang R, Chen LB. MicroRNA-451: epithelial-mesenchymal transition inhibitor and prognostic biomarker of hepatocelluar carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:18613-30. [PMID: 26164082 PMCID: PMC4621914 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays critical roles in malignant transformation and tumor progression. Previously, we have shown that microRNA-451 (miR-451) inhibits growth, increases chemo- or radiosensitivity and reverses epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer. However, the roles of miR-451 in hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) progression and metastasis are still largely unknown. Reduced miR-451 in HCC tissues was observed to be significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage, metastasis and worse disease-free or overall survival. Through gain- and loss-of function experiments, we demonstrated that miR-451 inhibited cell growth, induced G0/G1 arrest and promoted apoptosis in HCC cells. Importantly, miR-451 could inhibit the migration and invasion in vitro, as well as in vivo metastasis of HCC cells through regulating EMT process. Moreover, the oncogene c-Myc was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-451 in HCC cells. Knockdown of c-Myc phenocopied the effects of miR-451 on EMT and metastasis of HCC cells, whereas overexpression of c-Myc partially attenuated the functions of miR-451 restoration. Furthermore, miR-451 downregulation-induced c-Myc overexpression leads to the activation of Erk1/2 signaling, which induces acquisition of EMT phenotype through regulation of GSK-3β/snail/E-cadherin and the increased expression of MMPs family members in HCC cells. Collectively, these data demonstrated that miR-451 is a novel prognostic biomarker for HCC patients and that function as a potential metastasis inhibitor in HCC cells through activation of the Erk1/2 signaling, at least partially by targeting c-Myc. Thus, targeting miR-451/c-Myc/Erk1/2 axis may be a potential strategy for the treatment of metastatic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Qin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haizhu Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yitian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziman Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Liver Disease Center of PLA, The 81th Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei De
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long-Bang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Mannavola F, Tucci M, Felici C, Stucci S, Silvestris F. miRNAs in melanoma: a defined role in tumor progression and metastasis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 12:79-89. [PMID: 26505837 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk of melanoma cells with components of the microenvironment promotes malignant cell proliferation and spread to distant tissues. Although the major pathogenetic events have already been elucidated, the mechanisms that drive the metastatic behavior of tumor cells are still undefined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control post-transcriptional gene expression through interconnected kinases upstream of functional genes involved in tumor progression. Here, we review the biological relevance of melanoma-related miRNAs and focus on their potential role in propagating signals that may cause tumor microenvironment rearrangements, as well as disablement of the immune system and melanoma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mannavola
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Marco Tucci
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Claudia Felici
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Stefania Stucci
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
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Gil da Costa RM. C-kit as a prognostic and therapeutic marker in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours: From laboratory to clinic. Vet J 2015; 205:5-10. [PMID: 26021891 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs) are some of the most common canine neoplasms and their variable and often aggressive biological behaviour makes them particularly challenging for the veterinary practitioner. Over the years, scientists have accumulated a wealth of knowledge on these tumours and developed better prognostic markers and targeted therapies, mostly focused on inhibiting c-kit, a protein that plays a major role in the biopathology of MCTs. Masitinib and toceranib, targeted inhibitors of c-kit and other receptor tyrosine-kinases (RTKs), offer the promise of improving the outcome of patients with aggressive MCTs. Much of the available knowledge on MCTs is dispersed, making it difficult for practitioners to benefit when consulting a pathologist or making therapeutic decisions. This article seeks to bring together current knowledge on the biopathology of MCTs, reviewing prognostic markers and their applications, and the development of c-kit inhibitors in the context of the basic cellular, molecular and pathological features of MCTs. Future perspectives following recent biopathological data and experimental therapeutic approaches are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui M Gil da Costa
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Ambiente, Biotecnologia e Energia (LEPABE), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, Portugal.
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30
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Jiang Y, Song X. [Effect of Chemical Prevention Drugs-based MicroRNAs and Their Target Genes on Tumor Inhibition]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2015; 18:224-31. [PMID: 25936887 PMCID: PMC6000287 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemopreventive drugs including natural chemopreventive drugs and synthetic chemopreventive drugs, it not only can prevent cancer, can also play a role in tumor treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a kind of short chains of non-coding RNA, regulating the expression of many genes through the way of degradation of mRNA or inhibitting mRNA translation. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that chemopreventive drugs through influence the expression of miRNAs and their target genes play a role in the prevention and treatment in a variety of tumors, and chemopreventive drugs on the experimental study of miRNAs and their target genes in tumor have demonstrated a good safety and efficacy. Effect on chemopreventive drugs-based microRNAs and their target genes into cancer cells will be expected as a new starting point for cancer research. The thesis expounds and analyzes between the natural chemopreventive drugs and synthetic chemopreventive drugs and miRNAs and their target genes in tumor research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China
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Li M, He XY, Zhang ZM, Li S, Ren LH, Cao RS, Feng YD, Ji YL, Zhao Y, Shi RH. MicroRNA-1290 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:3245-3255. [PMID: 25805931 PMCID: PMC4363754 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i11.3245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM
To investigate the biological role of miR-1290 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression and invasion and the underlying mechanism.
METHODS
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to evaluate miR-1290 expression in ESCC tissue samples. The roles of miR-1290 in cell proliferation, migration and invasion were identified using miR-1290 mimic-transfected cells. In addition, the regulatory effect of miR-1290 on suppressor of cancer cell invasion (SCAI) was evaluated using qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis and a dual luciferase reporter assay.
RESULTS
miR-1290 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissue samples compared with normal adjacent tissues (9.213 ± 1.150 vs 1.000 ± 0.0), (P < 0.01). Upregulation of miR-1290 was associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0.021), N classification (P = 0.006) and tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.021) in ESCC patients. Moreover, ectopic miR-1290 expression potently promoted ESCC cell growth (P < 0.01), migration (P < 0.01) and invasion (P < 0.01) in vitro. miR-1290 overexpression in ESCC cell lines decreased SCAI expression at the translational level and reduced SCAI-driven luciferase-reporter activity (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggested that miR-1290 may play an oncogenic role in cellular processes of ESCC.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Friendliness Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People’s Hospital of Lianyunina, Lianyunina 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Hua Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Dong Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin-Lin Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui-Hua Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
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Noma N, Asagiri M, Takeiri M, Ohmae S, Takemoto K, Iwaisako K, Minato N, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Simizu S, Umezawa K. Inhibition of MMP-2-Mediated Mast Cell Invasion by NF-κB Inhibitor DHMEQ in Mast Cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015; 166:84-90. [PMID: 25791818 DOI: 10.1159/000371419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stimulation with antigen and IgE is known to activate NF-κB in mast cells. In the present research, we studied the role of NF-κB on cellular migration in mast cell-like RBL-2H3 cells and bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) using the NF-κB inhibitor (-)-DHMEQ. METHODS A Matrigel invasion chamber was used to evaluate cell migration. A PCR array was used to screen the expression of 84 key genes involved in cell migration. RESULTS (-)-DHMEQ inhibited antigen/IgE-induced NF-κB activation and expressions of its target genes such as IL-6 and TNF-α. (-)-DHMEQ was found to inhibit in vitro invasion toward the antigen without any toxicity. We then looked for NF-κB-dependent genes that would be important for mast cell invasion using the PCR array. (-)-DHMEQ was found to lower the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2. The MMP inhibitor GM6001 also inhibited cellular invasion toward the antigen. These effects of (-)-DHMEQ were obtained in both RBL-2H3 cells and BMMCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that (-)-DHMEQ suppressed mast cell migration via the inhibition of NF-κB-regulated MMP-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruto Noma
- Innovation Center for Immunoregulation and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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