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Ma S, Long G, Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Sun L, Pan Y, You Q, Guo X. Recent advances in targeting histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferases for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 274:116532. [PMID: 38805937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) methylation is a typical epigenetic histone modification that is involved in various biological processes such as DNA transcription, repair and recombination in vivo. Mutations, translocations, and aberrant gene expression associated with H3K36 methyltransferases have been implicated in different malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, lung cancer, multiple myeloma, and others. Herein, we provided a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in small molecule inhibitors targeting H3K36 methyltransferases. We analyzed the structures and biological functions of the H3K36 methyltransferases family members. Additionally, we discussed the potential directions for future development of inhibitors targeting H3K36 methyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guanlu Long
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liangkui Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoke Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Liu J, Qu Y, Zhao Y, Liang F, Ji L, Wang Z, Li J, Zang Z, Huang H, Zhang J, Gu W, Dai L, Yang R. CCDC12 gene methylation in peripheral blood as a potential biomarker for breast cancer detection. Biomarkers 2024:1-34. [PMID: 38776382 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2358302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant DNA methylation has been identified as biomarkers for breast cancer detection. Coiled-coil domain containing 12 gene (CCDC12) implicated in tumorigenesis. This study aims to investigate the potential of blood-based CCDC12 methylation for breast cancer detection. METHODS DNA methylation level of CpG sites (Cytosine-phosphate Guanine dinucleotides) in CCDC12 gene was measured by mass spectrometry in 255 breast cancer patients, 155 patients with benign breast nodules and 302 healthy controls. The association between CCDC12 methylation and breast cancer risk was evaluated by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS A total of eleven CpG sites were analyzed. The CCDC12 methylation levels were higher in breast cancer patients. Compared to the lowest tertile of methylation level in CpG_6,7, CpG_10 and CpG_11, the highest quartile was associated with 82%, 91%, and 95% increased breast cancer risk, respectively. The CCDC12 methylation levels were associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) status. In ER-negative and HER2-positive (ER-/HER2+) breast cancer subtype, the combination of four sites CpG_2, CpG_5, CpG_6,7 and CpG_11 methylation levels could distinguish ER-/HER2+ breast cancer from the controls (AUC = 0.727). CONCLUSION The hypermethylation levels of CCDC12 in peripheral blood could be used for breast cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunhui Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory in the First Affiliated Hospital & Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Liang
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longtao Ji
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Otology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zishan Zang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixia Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanjian Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongxi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Gamallat Y, Felipe Lima J, Seyedi S, Li Q, Rokne JG, Alhajj R, Ghosh S, Bismar TA. Exploring The Prognostic Significance of SET-Domain Containing 2 (SETD2) Expression in Advanced and Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1436. [PMID: 38611113 PMCID: PMC11010867 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
SET-domain containing 2 (SETD2) is a histone methyltransferase and an epigenetic modifier with oncogenic functionality. In the current study, we investigated the potential prognostic role of SETD2 in prostate cancer. A cohort of 202 patients' samples was assembled on tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing incidental, advanced, and castrate-resistant CRPCa cases. Our data showed significant elevated SETD2 expression in advanced and castrate-resistant disease (CRPCa) compared to incidental cases (2.53 ± 0.58 and 2.21 ± 0.63 vs. 1.9 ± 0.68; p < 0.001, respectively). Interestingly, the mean intensity of SETD2 expression in deceased vs. alive patients was also significantly different (2.31 ± 0.66 vs. 2 ± 0.68; p = 0.003, respectively). Overall, high SETD2 expression was found to be considered high risk and was significantly associated with poor prognosis and worse overall survival (OS) (HR 1.80; 95% CI: 1.28-2.53, p = 0.001) and lower cause specific survival (CSS) (HR 3.14; 95% CI: 1.94-5.08, p < 0.0001). Moreover, combining high-intensity SETD2 with PTEN loss resulted in lower OS (HR 2.12; 95% CI: 1.22-3.69, p = 0.008) and unfavorable CSS (HR 3.74; 95% CI: 1.67-8.34, p = 0.001). Additionally, high SETD2 intensity with ERG positive expression showed worse prognosis for both OS (HR 1.99, 95% CI 0.87-4.59; p = 0.015) and CSS (HR 2.14, 95% CI 0.98-4.68, p = 0.058). We also investigated the protein expression database TCPA, and our results showed that high SETD2 expression is associated with a poor prognosis. Finally, we performed TCGA PRAD gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) data for SETD2 overexpression, and our data revealed a potential association with pathways involved in tumor progression such as the AMPK signaling pathway, the cAMP signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which are potentially associated with tumor progression, chemoresistance, and a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Gamallat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (Y.G.); (J.F.L.); (S.S.)
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Joema Felipe Lima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (Y.G.); (J.F.L.); (S.S.)
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sima Seyedi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (Y.G.); (J.F.L.); (S.S.)
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Qiaowang Li
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (Q.L.)
| | - Jon George Rokne
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (Q.L.)
| | - Reda Alhajj
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (Q.L.)
- Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Health Informatics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Medical Oncology, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Tarek A. Bismar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (Y.G.); (J.F.L.); (S.S.)
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Tom Baker Cancer Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Prostate Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2V 1P9, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Alberta Precision Labs, Calgary, AB T2V 1P9, Canada
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Vicente JJ, Wagenbach M, Decarreau J, Zelter A, MacCoss MJ, Davis TN, Wordeman L. The kinesin motor Kif9 regulates centriolar satellite positioning and mitotic progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.03.587821. [PMID: 38617353 PMCID: PMC11014612 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.03.587821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Centrosomes are the principal microtubule-organizing centers of the cell and play an essential role in mitotic spindle function. Centrosome biogenesis is achieved by strict control of protein acquisition and phosphorylation prior to mitosis. Defects in this process promote fragmentation of pericentriolar material culminating in multipolar spindles and chromosome missegregation. Centriolar satellites, membrane-less aggrupations of proteins involved in the trafficking of proteins toward and away from the centrosome, are thought to contribute to centrosome biogenesis. Here we show that the microtubule plus-end directed kinesin motor Kif9 localizes to centriolar satellites and regulates their pericentrosomal localization during interphase. Lack of Kif9 leads to aggregation of satellites closer to the centrosome and increased centrosomal protein degradation that disrupts centrosome maturation and results in chromosome congression and segregation defects during mitosis. Our data reveal roles for Kif9 and centriolar satellites in the regulation of cellular proteostasis and mitosis.
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Feng W, Ma C, Rao H, Zhang W, Liu C, Xu Y, Aji R, Wang Z, Xu J, Gao WQ, Li L. Setd2 deficiency promotes gastric tumorigenesis through inhibiting the SIRT1/FOXO pathway. Cancer Lett 2023; 579:216470. [PMID: 37914019 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death globally. SETD2 is a histone methyltransferase catalyzing tri-methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) and has been shown to participate in diverse biological processes and human tumors. However, the mechanism of SETD2 in GC remains unclear. Here, we reported that Setd2 deficiency predicts poor prognosis of gastric cancer. SETD2 loss facilitated H. felis/MNU and c-Myc-induced gastric tumorigenesis, respectively. The mouse model of stomach-specific Setd2 depletion together with c-MYC overexpression (AMS) developed high-grade epithelial defects, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia at only 10-12 weeks of age. Mechanistically, Setd2 depletion resulted in impaired epigenetic regulation of Sirt1, thus inhibiting the SIRT1/FOXO pathway. Moreover, the agonists of FOXO signaling or overexpression of SIRT1 significantly rescued the enhanced cell proliferation and migration caused by Setd2 deficiency in SGC7901 cells. Together, our findings highlight an epigenetic mechanism by which SETD2 regulates gastric tumorigenesis through SIRT1/FOXO pathway. It may also pave the way for the development of targeted, patient-tailored therapies for GC patients with Setd2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rebiguli Aji
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Niranjan V, Setlur AS, K C, Kumkum S, Dasgupta S, Singh V, Desai V, Kumar J. Exploring the Synergistic Mechanism of AP2A2 Transcription Factor Inhibition via Molecular Modeling and Simulations as a Novel Computational Approach for Combating Breast Cancer: In Silico Interpretations. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00871-3. [PMID: 37747672 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that transcription factor AP2A2 (activator protein-2 alpha-2) is involved in the expression of DLEC1, a tumor suppressor gene, which, when mutated, will cause breast cancer and is thus an excellent target for breast cancer studies. Therefore, in the present research, a synergistic approach toward combating breast cancer is proposed by blocking AP2A2 factor, and allowing the cancer cells to be sensitive to anti-cancer drugs. The effect of AP2A2 on breast cancer was first understood via gene analysis from cBioPortal. AP2A2 was then modeled using RaptorX and its structure was validated from Ramachandran plots. Using all ligands from MolPort database, molecular docking was performed against AP2A2, from which the top three best docked ligands were studied for toxicity in humans using Protox-II. Once the ligands passed these tests, the best complexes were simulated at 200ns in Desmond Maestro, to comprehend their stabilities, followed by the computations of free energies of binding via Molecular mechanics- Generalized Born Solvent Accessibility method (MM-GBSA). The results showed that molecules MolPort-005-945-556 (sachharolipids), MolPort-001-741-124 (flavonoids), and MolPort-005-944-667 (lignan glycosides) with AP2A2 passed toxicity evaluation and belonged to toxicity classes 6, 5, and 5, respectively, with good docking energies. 200 ns simulations revealed stable complexes with slight conformational changes. Stability of ligands was confirmed via snapshots at every 20 ns of the trajectory. Radial distribution of these molecules against the protein revealed very slight deviation from binding pocket. Additionally, the free binding energies for these complexes were found to be - 54.93 ± 12.982 kcal/mol, - 44.39 ± 14.393 kcal/mol, and - 66.51 ± 13.522 kcal/mol, respectively. A preliminary computational validation of the inability of AP2A2 to bind to DLEC1 in the presence of ligands offers beneficial insights into the potential of these ligands. Therefore, this study sheds light on the potential natural molecules that could stably block AP2A2 with least deviation and act in synergy to aid anti-cancer drugs work on breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India.
| | - Anagha S Setlur
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Chandrashekar K
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Sneha Kumkum
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Sanjana Dasgupta
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Varsha Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Vrushali Desai
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560059, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), CGO complex Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India.
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Javaid H, Barberis A, Chervova O, Nassiri I, Voloshin V, Sato Y, Ogawa S, Fairfax B, Buffa F, Humphrey TC. A role for SETD2 loss in tumorigenesis through DNA methylation dysregulation. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:721. [PMID: 37528416 PMCID: PMC10394884 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SETD2-dependent H3 Lysine-36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) has been recently linked to the deposition of de-novo DNA methylation. SETD2 is frequently mutated in cancer, however, the functional impact of SETD2 loss and depletion on DNA methylation across cancer types and tumorigenesis is currently unknown. Here, we perform a pan-cancer analysis and show that both SETD2 mutation and reduced expression are associated with DNA methylation dysregulation across 21 out of the 24 cancer types tested. In renal cancer, these DNA methylation changes are associated with altered gene expression of oncogenes, tumour suppressors, and genes involved in neoplasm invasiveness, including TP53, FOXO1, and CDK4. This suggests a new role for SETD2 loss in tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness through DNA methylation dysregulation. Moreover, using a robust machine learning methodology, we develop and validate a 3-CpG methylation signature which is sufficient to predict SETD2 mutation status with high accuracy and correlates with patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Javaid
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alessandro Barberis
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Olga Chervova
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Isar Nassiri
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Vitaly Voloshin
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Kew Green, Richmond, TW9 3AE, Surrey, UK
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Benjamin Fairfax
- The MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital/Headley Way, OX3 9DS, Oxford, UK
| | - Francesca Buffa
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Timothy C Humphrey
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, BN1 9RQ, Brighton, UK.
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8
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He J, Xu T, Zhao F, Guo J, Hu Q. SETD2-H3K36ME3: an important bridge between the environment and tumors. Front Genet 2023; 14:1204463. [PMID: 37359376 PMCID: PMC10288198 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1204463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence, development and treatment of tumors. The histone methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2) plays a key role in mammalian epigenetic regulation by catalyzing histone methylation and interacting with RNA polymerase II to mediate transcription elongation and mismatch repair. As an important bridge between the environment and tumors, SETD2-H3K36me3 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Many tumors, including renal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, are closely related to SETD2 gene mutations. As a key component of common tumor suppressor mechanisms, SETD2-H3K36me3is an important target for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, we reviewed the structure and function of the SETD2 and how SETD2-H3K36me3 functions as a bridge between the environment and tumors to provide an in-depth understanding of its role in the occurrence and development of various tumors, which is of great significance for future disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangrui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinyong Hu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Korbecki J, Bosiacki M, Barczak K, Łagocka R, Brodowska A, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Involvement in Tumorigenesis and Clinical Significance of CXCL1 in Reproductive Cancers: Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087262. [PMID: 37108425 PMCID: PMC10139049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a member of the CXC chemokine subfamily and a ligand for CXCR2. Its main function in the immune system is the chemoattraction of neutrophils. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews summarizing the significance of CXCL1 in cancer processes. To fill this gap, this work describes the clinical significance and participation of CXCL1 in cancer processes in the most important reproductive cancers: breast cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. The focus is on both clinical aspects and the significance of CXCL1 in molecular cancer processes. We describe the association of CXCL1 with clinical features of tumors, including prognosis, ER, PR and HER2 status, and TNM stage. We present the molecular contribution of CXCL1 to chemoresistance and radioresistance in selected tumors and its influence on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. Additionally, we present the impact of CXCL1 on the microenvironment of reproductive cancers, including its effect on angiogenesis, recruitment, and function of cancer-associated cells (macrophages, neutrophils, MDSC, and Treg). The article concludes by summarizing the significance of introducing drugs targeting CXCL1. This paper also discusses the significance of ACKR1/DARC in reproductive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28 Str., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54 Str., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ryta Łagocka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Brodowska
- Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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10
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Li HT, Jang HJ, Rohena-Rivera K, Liu M, Gujar H, Kulchycki J, Zhao S, Billet S, Zhou X, Weisenberger DJ, Gill I, Jones PA, Bhowmick NA, Liang G. RNA mis-splicing drives viral mimicry response after DNMTi therapy in SETD2-mutant kidney cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112016. [PMID: 36662621 PMCID: PMC10034851 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors with mutations in chromatin regulators present attractive targets for DNA hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) therapy, which further disrupts cancer cells' epigenomic fidelity and reactivates transposable element (TE) expression to drive viral mimicry responses. SETD2 encodes a histone methyltransferase (H3K36me3) and is prevalently mutated in advanced kidney cancers. Here, we show that SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells are especially sensitive in vitro and in vivo to DAC treatment. We find that the viral mimicry response are direct consequences of mis-splicing events, such as exon inclusions or extensions, triggered by DAC treatment in an SETD2-loss context. Comprehensive epigenomic analysis reveals H3K9me3 deposition, rather than DNA methylation dynamics, across intronic TEs might contribute to elevated mis-splicing rates. Through epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses, we show that SETD2-deficient kidney cancers are prone to mis-splicing, which can be therapeutically exacerbated with DAC treatment to increase viral mimicry activation and provide synergy with combinatorial immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Li
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - H Josh Jang
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Krizia Rohena-Rivera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Minmin Liu
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Hemant Gujar
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Justin Kulchycki
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sandrin Billet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Daniel J Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Inderbir Gill
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Peter A Jones
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
| | - Gangning Liang
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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11
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Bushara O, Wester JR, Jacobsen D, Sun L, Weinberg S, Gao J, Jennings LJ, Wang L, Lauberth SM, Yue F, Liao J, Yang GY. Clinical and histopathologic characterization of SETD2-mutated colorectal cancer. Hum Pathol 2023; 131:9-16. [PMID: 36502925 PMCID: PMC9875556 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS), identifying and better understanding genetic mutations in cancer pathways has become more feasible. A mutation now commonly reported in NGS panels is the SETD2 gene (H3K36 trimethyltransferase). However, its contributions to colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well described. In this study, we describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of SETD2-mutated CRC, determine common mutation sites on the SETD2 gene, and correlate these mutations with the loss of H3K36 trimethylation and the aberrant expression of beta-catenin. By searching pathology reports at our institution which included the 161-gene NGS panel from 2019 to 2021, we identify 24 individuals with SETD2-mutated CRC. All samples were evaluated for microsatellite status, H3K36 trimethylation, and beta-catenin via immunohistochemistry. In this cohort of 24 SETD2-mutated CRC individuals (a median age of 62.4 years [interquartile range: 49.1-73.6]), 10 (41.7%) patients presented at American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor stage II, seven (29.2%) at stage III, six (25%) at stage IV, and one (4.2%) at stage I. Most tumors studied were adenocarcinomas with no further specification (22, 92%), and most tumors were microsatellite stable (18, 82.5%). Thirty-three mutation locations were represented by 24 patients, with one patient having six mutations in the SETD2 gene and two patients having three mutations. The dominant mutation type is missense mutations (N = 29, 87.9%), and no mutation hotspots were found. Only two samples lost trimethylation of histone H3K36, both from individuals with multiple SETD2 mutations and aberrant nuclear beta-catenin expression. SETD2-mutated CRC is similar in clinical and histologic presentation to other commonly reported CRC. SETD2 mutations were missense dominantand showed no hotspots, and multiple mutations are likely necessary for loss of H3K36 trimethylation. These results warrant further study on determining a role of SETD2-histone H3K36 pathway in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Bushara
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - James R Wester
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Danielle Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Leyu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Samuel Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Juehua Gao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lawrence J Jennings
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shannon M Lauberth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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12
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Sharda A, Humphrey TC. The role of histone H3K36me3 writers, readers and erasers in maintaining genome stability. DNA Repair (Amst) 2022; 119:103407. [PMID: 36155242 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Histone Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) play fundamental roles in mediating DNA-related processes such as transcription, replication and repair. The histone mark H3K36me3 and its associated methyltransferase SETD2 (Set2 in yeast) are archetypical in this regard, performing critical roles in each of these DNA transactions. Here, we present an overview of H3K36me3 regulation and the roles of its writers, readers and erasers in maintaining genome stability through facilitating DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, checkpoint signalling and replication stress responses. Further, we consider how loss of SETD2 and H3K36me3, frequently observed in a number of different cancer types, can be specifically targeted in the clinic through exploiting loss of particular genome stability functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Sharda
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Timothy C Humphrey
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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13
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Feng J, Meng X. Histone modification and histone modification-targeted anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer: Fundamentals and beyond. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946811. [PMID: 36188615 PMCID: PMC9522521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated epigenetic enzymes and resultant abnormal epigenetic modifications (EMs) have been suggested to be closely related to tumor occurrence and progression. Histone modifications (HMs) can assist in maintaining genome stability, DNA repair, transcription, and chromatin modulation within breast cancer (BC) cells. In addition, HMs are reversible, dynamic processes involving the associations of different enzymes with molecular compounds. Abnormal HMs (e.g. histone methylation and histone acetylation) have been identified to be tightly related to BC occurrence and development, even though their underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. EMs are reversible, and as a result, epigenetic enzymes have aroused wide attention as anti-tumor therapeutic targets. At present, treatments to restore aberrant EMs within BC cells have entered preclinical or clinical trials. In addition, no existing studies have comprehensively analyzed aberrant HMs within BC cells; in addition, HM-targeting BC treatments remain to be further investigated. Histone and non-histone protein methylation is becoming an attractive anti-tumor epigenetic therapeutic target; such methylation-related enzyme inhibitors are under development at present. Consequently, the present work focuses on summarizing relevant studies on HMs related to BC and the possible mechanisms associated with abnormal HMs. Additionally, we also aim to analyze existing therapeutic agents together with those drugs approved and tested through pre-clinical and clinical trials, to assess their roles in HMs. Moreover, epi-drugs that target HMT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors should be tested in preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of BC. Epi-drugs that target histone methylation (HMT inhibitors) and histone acetylation (HDAC inhibitors) have now entered clinical trials or are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, the review covers the difficulties in applying HM-targeting treatments in clinics and proposes feasible approaches for overcoming such difficulties and promoting their use in treating BC cases.
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14
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Atilano SR, Abedi S, Ianopol NV, Singh MK, Norman JL, Malik D, Falatoonzadeh P, Chwa M, Nesburn AB, Kuppermann BD, Kenney MC. Differential Epigenetic Status and Responses to Stressors between Retinal Cybrids Cells with African versus European Mitochondrial DNA: Insights into Disease Susceptibilities. Cells 2022; 11:2655. [PMID: 36078063 PMCID: PMC9454894 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial (mt) DNA can be classified into haplogroups, which represent populations with different geographic origins. Individuals of maternal African backgrounds (L haplogroup) are more prone to develop specific diseases compared those with maternal European-H haplogroups. Using a cybrid model, effects of amyloid-β (Amyβ), sub-lethal ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), a methylation inhibitor, were investigated. Amyβ treatment decreased cell metabolism and increased levels of reactive oxygen species in European-H and African-L cybrids, but lower mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) was found only in African-L cybrids. Sub-lethal UV radiation induced higher expression levels of CFH, EFEMP1, BBC3, and BCL2L13 in European-H cybrids compared to African-L cybrids. With respect to epigenetic status, the African-L cybrids had (a) 4.7-fold higher total global methylation levels (p = 0.005); (b) lower expression patterns for DNMT3B; and (c) elevated levels for HIST1H3F. The European-H and African-L cybrids showed different transcription levels for CFH, EFEMP1, CXCL1, CXCL8, USP25, and VEGF after treatment with 5-aza-dC. In conclusion, compared to European-H haplogroup cybrids, the African-L cybrids have different (i) responses to exogenous stressors (Amyβ and UV radiation), (ii) epigenetic status, and (iii) modulation profiles of methylation-mediated downstream complement, inflammation, and angiogenesis genes, commonly associated with various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari R. Atilano
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Sina Abedi
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Narcisa V. Ianopol
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mithalesh K. Singh
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - J Lucas Norman
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Deepika Malik
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Payam Falatoonzadeh
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marilyn Chwa
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Anthony B. Nesburn
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Baruch D. Kuppermann
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - M. Cristina Kenney
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Ophthalmology Research Laboratory, University of California Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Room 2028, 843 Health Science Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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15
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Bhattacharya S, Reddy D, Zhang N, Li H, Workman JL. Elevated levels of the methyltransferase SETD2 causes transcription and alternative splicing changes resulting in oncogenic phenotypes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:945668. [PMID: 36035998 PMCID: PMC9399737 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.945668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The methyltransferase SETD2 regulates cryptic transcription, alternative splicing, and the DNA damage response. It is mutated in a variety of cancers and is believed to be a tumor suppressor. Counterintuitively, despite its important role, SETD2 is robustly degraded by the proteasome keeping its levels low. Here we show that SETD2 accumulation results in a non-canonical deposition of the functionally important H3K36me3 histone mark, which includes its reduced enrichment over gene bodies and exons. This perturbed epigenetic landscape is associated with widespread changes in transcription and alternative splicing. Strikingly, contrary to its role as a tumor suppressor, excessive SETD2 results in the upregulation of cell cycle-associated pathways. This is also reflected in phenotypes of increased cell proliferation and migration. Thus, the regulation of SETD2 levels through its proteolysis is important to maintain its appropriate function, which in turn regulates the fidelity of transcription and splicing-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jerry L. Workman
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, United States
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16
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Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Burchell JM. Histone Methylases and Demethylases Regulating Antagonistic Methyl Marks: Changes Occurring in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071113. [PMID: 35406676 PMCID: PMC8997813 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is crucial to the determination of cell fate in development and differentiation, and the Polycomb (PcG) and Trithorax (TrxG) groups of proteins, acting antagonistically as complexes, play a major role in this regulation. Although originally identified in Drosophila, these complexes are conserved in evolution and the components are well defined in mammals. Each complex contains a protein with methylase activity (KMT), which can add methyl groups to a specific lysine in histone tails, histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27), by PcG complexes, and H3K4 and H3K36 by TrxG complexes, creating transcriptionally repressive or active marks, respectively. Histone demethylases (KDMs), identified later, added a new dimension to histone methylation, and mutations or changes in levels of expression are seen in both methylases and demethylases and in components of the PcG and TrX complexes across a range of cancers. In this review, we focus on both methylases and demethylases governing the methylation state of the suppressive and active marks and consider their action and interaction in normal tissues and in cancer. A picture is emerging which indicates that the changes which occur in cancer during methylation of histone lysines can lead to repression of genes, including tumour suppressor genes, or to the activation of oncogenes. Methylases or demethylases, which are themselves tumour suppressors, are highly mutated. Novel targets for cancer therapy have been identified and a methylase (KMT6A/EZH2), which produces the repressive H3K27me3 mark, and a demethylase (KDM1A/LSD1), which demethylates the active H3K4me2 mark, are now under clinical evaluation.
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17
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Resistance Mechanisms in Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063067. [PMID: 35328487 PMCID: PMC8950780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of medicine, even nowadays, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is still a problem for pediatric clinicians. Modern medicine has reached a limit of curability even though the recovery rate exceeds 90%. Relapse occurs in around 20% of treated patients and, regrettably, 10% of diagnosed ALL patients are still incurable. In this article, we would like to focus on the treatment resistance and disease relapse of patients with B-cell leukemia in the context of prognostic factors of ALL. We demonstrate the mechanisms of the resistance to steroid therapy and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and assess the impact of genetic factors on the treatment resistance, especially TCF3::HLF translocation. We compare therapeutic protocols and decipher how cancer cells become resistant to innovative treatments—including CAR-T-cell therapies and monoclonal antibodies. The comparisons made in our article help to bring closer the main factors of resistance in hematologic malignancies in the context of ALL.
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18
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CXCL1: Gene, Promoter, Regulation of Expression, mRNA Stability, Regulation of Activity in the Intercellular Space. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020792. [PMID: 35054978 PMCID: PMC8776070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCL1 is one of the most important chemokines, part of a group of chemotactic cytokines involved in the development of many inflammatory diseases. It activates CXCR2 and, at high levels, CXCR1. The expression of CXCL1 is elevated in inflammatory reactions and also has important functions in physiology, including the induction of angiogenesis and recruitment of neutrophils. Due to a lack of reviews that precisely describe the regulation of CXCL1 expression and function, in this paper, we present the mechanisms of CXCL1 expression regulation with a special focus on cancer. We concentrate on the regulation of CXCL1 expression through the regulation of CXCL1 transcription and mRNA stability, including the involvement of NF-κB, p53, the effect of miRNAs and cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-17, TGF-β and TNF-α. We also describe the mechanisms regulating CXCL1 activity in the extracellular space, including proteolytic processing, CXCL1 dimerization and the influence of the ACKR1/DARC receptor on CXCL1 localization. Finally, we explain the role of CXCL1 in cancer and possible therapeutic approaches directed against this chemokine.
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19
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Xiao C, Fan T, Tian H, Zheng Y, Zhou Z, Li S, Li C, He J. H3K36 trimethylation-mediated biological functions in cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:199. [PMID: 34715919 PMCID: PMC8555273 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modification is an important form of epigenetic regulation. Thereinto, histone methylation is a critical determination of chromatin states, participating in multiple cellular processes. As a conserved histone methylation mark, histone 3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) can mediate multiple transcriptional-related events, such as the regulation of transcriptional activity, transcription elongation, pre-mRNA alternative splicing, and RNA m6A methylation. Additionally, H3K36me3 also contributes to DNA damage repair. Given the crucial function of H3K36me3 in genome regulation, the roles of H3K36me3 and its sole methyltransferase SETD2 in pathogenesis, especially malignancies, have been emphasized in many studies, and it is conceivable that disruption of histone methylation regulatory network composed of "writer", "eraser", "reader", and the mutation of H3K36me3 codes have the capacity of powerfully modulating cancer initiation and development. Here we review H3K36me3-mediated biological processes and summarize the latest findings regarding its role in cancers. We highlight the significance of epigenetic combination therapies in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shuofeng Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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20
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Li W, Wu H, Sui S, Wang Q, Xu S, Pang D. Targeting Histone Modifications in Breast Cancer: A Precise Weapon on the Way. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736935. [PMID: 34595180 PMCID: PMC8476812 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications (HMs) contribute to maintaining genomic stability, transcription, DNA repair, and modulating chromatin in cancer cells. Furthermore, HMs are dynamic and reversible processes that involve interactions between numerous enzymes and molecular components. Aberrant HMs are strongly associated with tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer (BC), although the specific mechanisms are not completely understood. Moreover, there is no comprehensive overview of abnormal HMs in BC, and BC therapies that target HMs are still in their infancy. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing evidence regarding HMs that are involved in BC and the potential mechanisms that are related to aberrant HMs. Moreover, this review examines the currently available agents and approved drugs that have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies to evaluate their effects on HMs. Finally, this review covers the barriers to the clinical application of therapies that target HMs, and possible strategies that could help overcome these barriers and accelerate the use of these therapies to cure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyao Sui
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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21
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An Update on the Current Genomic Landscape of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194921. [PMID: 34638403 PMCID: PMC8508182 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast implant-associated lymphoma is a unique entity that arises in the setting of breast prostheses due to a complex interplay of external and internal factors. Understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis is yet to be fully elucidated but recurrent mutations in signalling pathways, tumour suppressors and epigenetic regulators have been reported. This article summarises the key studies to date that have described these genetic aberrancies, which have provided an insight into potential pathways to lymphogenesis. Abstract Breast implant-associated lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare subtype of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma associated with breast prostheses. Most patients present with a localised periprosthetic effusion and are managed with removal of the implant and surrounding capsule. Less commonly, the lymphoma can form a mass associated with the capsule and rarely can present with disseminated disease. Recent series characterising the genomic landscape of BIA-ALCL have led to insights into the mechanisms of lymphomagenesis. Constitutive JAK/STAT pathway activation has emerged as a likely key component while, more recently, aberrancies in epigenetic regulators have been reported. This review describes the genomic characterisation reported to date and the insight these findings have provided into this rare entity.
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22
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Bajusz D, Bognár Z, Ebner J, Grebien F, Keserű GM. Discovery of a Non-Nucleoside SETD2 Methyltransferase Inhibitor against Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810055. [PMID: 34576219 PMCID: PMC8471172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone methyltransferases (HMTs) have attracted considerable attention as potential targets for pharmaceutical intervention in various malignant diseases. These enzymes are known for introducing methyl marks at specific locations of histone proteins, creating a complex system that regulates epigenetic control of gene expression and cell differentiation. Here, we describe the identification of first-generation cell-permeable non-nucleoside type inhibitors of SETD2, the only mammalian HMT that is able to tri-methylate the K36 residue of histone H3. By generating the epigenetic mark H3K36me3, SETD2 is involved in the progression of acute myeloid leukemia. We developed a structure-based virtual screening protocol that was first validated in retrospective studies. Next, prospective screening was performed on a large library of commercially available compounds. Experimental validation of 22 virtual hits led to the discovery of three compounds that showed dose-dependent inhibition of the enzymatic activity of SETD2. Compound C13 effectively blocked the proliferation of two acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines with MLL rearrangements and led to decreased H3K36me3 levels, prioritizing this chemotype as a viable chemical starting point for drug discovery projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Bajusz
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (D.B.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zsolt Bognár
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (D.B.); (Z.B.)
| | - Jessica Ebner
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1220 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (F.G.)
| | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1220 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (F.G.)
| | - György M. Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (D.B.); (Z.B.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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The disordered regions of the methyltransferase SETD2 govern its function by regulating its proteolysis and phase separation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101075. [PMID: 34391778 PMCID: PMC8405934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SETD2 is an important methyltransferase that methylates crucial substrates such as histone H3, tubulin, and STAT1 and also physically interacts with transcription and splicing regulators such as Pol II and various hnRNPs. Of note, SETD2 has a functionally uncharacterized extended N-terminal region, the removal of which leads to its stabilization. How this region regulates SETD2 half-life is unclear. Here we show that SETD2 consists of multiple long disordered regions across its length that cumulatively destabilize the protein by facilitating its proteasomal degradation. SETD2 disordered regions can reduce the half-life of the yeast homolog Set2 in mammalian cells as well as in yeast, demonstrating the importance of intrinsic structural features in regulating protein half-life. In addition to the shortened half-life, by performing fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assay we found that SETD2 forms liquid droplets in vivo, another property associated with proteins that contain disordered regions. The phase-separation behavior of SETD2 is exacerbated upon the removal of its N-terminal segment and results in activator-independent histone H3K36 methylation. Our findings reveal that disordered region-facilitated proteolysis is an important mechanism governing SETD2 function.
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24
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Zheng W, Lu Y, Feng X, Yang C, Qiu L, Deng H, Xue Q, Sun K. Improving the overall survival prognosis prediction accuracy: A 9-gene signature in CRC patients. Cancer Med 2021; 10:5998-6009. [PMID: 34346563 PMCID: PMC8419765 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor and morbidity rates are among the highest in the world. The variation in CRC patients' prognosis prompts an urgent need for new molecular biomarkers to improve the accuracy for predicting the CRC patients' prognosis or as a complement to the traditional TNM staging for clinical practice. CRC patients' gene expression data of HTSeq‐FPKM and matching clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. Patients were randomly divided into a training dataset and a test dataset. By univariate and multivariate Cox regression survival analyses and Lasso regression analysis, a prediction model which divided each patient into high‐or low‐risk group was constructed. The differences in survival time between the two groups were compared by the Kaplan–Meier method and the log‐rank test. The weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the relationship between all the survival‐related genes. The survival outcomes of patients whose overall survival (OS) time were significantly lower in the high‐risk group than that in the low‐risk group both in the training and test datasets. Areas under the ROC curves which termed AUC values of our 9‐gene signature achieved 0.823 in the training dataset and 0.806 in the test dataset. A nomogram was constructed for clinical practice when we combined the 9‐gene signature with TNM stage and age to evaluate the survival time of patients with CRC, and the C‐index increased from 0.739 to 0.794. In conclusion, we identified nine novel biomarkers that not only are independent prognostic indexes for CRC patients but also can serve as a good supplement to traditional clinicopathological factors to more accurately evaluate the survival of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zheng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijia Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochuang Feng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunzhao Yang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Yue S, Sun K, Li S, Liu Y, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Yuan D, Wen T, Ge M, Yu Q. The establishment of an immunosensor for the detection of SPOP. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12571. [PMID: 34131189 PMCID: PMC8206368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91944-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we first synthesis three-dimensional jasmine-like Cu@L-aspartic acid(L-ASP) inorganic–organic hybrid nanoflowers to load palladium-platinum nanoparticles (Pd–Pt NPs) as the signal enhancer in order to quantify intracellular speckle-type POZ domain protein. Scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was used to characterize the newly synthesized materials. The newly formed Cu@L-Asp/Pd-PtNPs can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and exhibit excellent catalytic performance. When different concentration of speckle-type POZ domain protein is captured by speckle-type POZ domain protein antibody linked to the surface of Cu@L-Asp/Pd–Pt NPs, the current signal decreases with the increase concentration of speckle-type POZ domain protein. After optimization, the speckle-type POZ domain protein immunosensor exhibited a good linear response over a concentration range from 0.1–1 ng mL−1 with a low detection limit of 19 fg mL−1. The proposed sensor demonstrates good stability within 28 days, acceptable reproducibility (RSD = 0.52%) and selectivity to the speckle-type POZ domain protein in the presence of possible interfering substances and has potential application for detecting other intracellular macromolecular substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yue
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihao Zhu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyu Chen
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yuan
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wen
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjian Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiubo Yu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Li X, Liu C, Zhu Y, Rao H, Liu M, Gui L, Feng W, Tang H, Xu J, Gao WQ, Li L. SETD2 epidermal deficiency promotes cutaneous wound healing via activation of AKT/mTOR Signalling. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13045. [PMID: 33949020 PMCID: PMC8168411 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cutaneous wound healing is one of the major medical problems worldwide. Epigenetic modifiers have been identified as important players in skin development, homeostasis and wound repair. SET domain–containing 2 (SETD2) is the only known histone H3K36 tri‐methylase; however, its role in skin wound healing remains unclear. Materials and Methods To elucidate the biological role of SETD2 in wound healing, conditional gene targeting was used to generate epidermis‐specific Setd2‐deficient mice. Wound‐healing experiments were performed on the backs of mice, and injured skin tissues were collected and analysed by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining. In vitro, CCK8 and scratch wound‐healing assays were performed on Setd2‐knockdown and Setd2‐overexpression human immortalized keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). In addition, RNA‐seq and H3K36me3 ChIP‐seq analyses were performed to identify the dysregulated genes modulated by SETD2. Finally, the results were validated in functional rescue experiments using AKT and mTOR inhibitors (MK2206 and rapamycin). Results Epidermis‐specific Setd2‐deficient mice were successfully established, and SETD2 deficiency resulted in accelerated re‐epithelialization during cutaneous wound healing by promoting keratinocyte proliferation and migration. Furthermore, the loss of SETD2 enhanced the scratch closure and proliferation of keratinocytes in vitro. Mechanistically, the deletion of Setd2 resulted in the activation of AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, while the pharmacological inhibition of AKT and mTOR with MK2206 and rapamycin, respectively, delayed wound closure. Conclusions Our results showed that SETD2 loss promoted cutaneous wound healing via the activation of AKT/mTOR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huayuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Renji Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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27
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Sandström J, Balian A, Lockowandt R, Fornander T, Nordenskjöld B, Lindström L, Pérez-Tenorio G, Stål O. IP6K2 predicts favorable clinical outcome of primary breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:94. [PMID: 33767863 PMCID: PMC7976380 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The inositol hexakisphosphate kinase (IP6K) 1 and 2 genes are localized at 3p21.31, a highly altered gene-dense chromosomal region in cancer. The IP6Ks convert IP6 to IP7, which inhibits activation of the tumor-promoting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. IP6K2 has been suggested to be involved in p53-induced apoptosis, while IP6K1 may stimulate tumor growth and migration. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of the two IP6Ks in predicting outcome in patients with breast cancer. To the best of our knowledge, the role of IP6K was analyzed for the first time in tumors from three cohorts of patients with breast cancer; one Swedish low-risk cohort, one Dutch cohort and the TCGA dataset. Analyses of gene -and protein expression and subcellular localization were included. IP6K2 gene expression was associated with ER positivity and nuclear p-Akt. Improved prognosis was detected with high IP6K2 gene expression compared with low IP6K2 gene expression in systemically untreated patients in the Swedish low-risk and Dutch cohorts. In the TCGA dataset, IP6K2 prognostic value was significant when selecting for tumors with wild-type TP53. A multivariable analysis testing IP6K2 against other cancer-related genes at 3p.21.31, including IP6K1 and clinical biomarkers, revealed that IP6K2 was associated with decreased risk of distant recurrence. IP6K1 was associated with increased risk of distant recurrence in the multivariable test and protein analysis revealed trends of worse prognosis with high IP6K1 in the cytoplasm. The expression levels of IP6K1 and IP6K2 were associated to a high extent; however, a diverging prognostic value of the two genes was observed in breast cancer. The present data suggest that IP6K2 can be a favorable prognostic factor, while IP6K1 may not be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Sandström
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Oncology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alien Balian
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Oncology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Lockowandt
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Oncology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tommy Fornander
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Nordenskjöld
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Oncology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Linda Lindström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gizeh Pérez-Tenorio
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Oncology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Olle Stål
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Department of Oncology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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Zhou Y, Zheng X, Xu B, Deng H, Chen L, Jiang J. Histone methyltransferase SETD2 inhibits tumor growth via suppressing CXCL1-mediated activation of cell cycle in lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25189-25206. [PMID: 33223508 PMCID: PMC7803529 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2) has been reported to be frequently mutated or deleted in many types of human cancer. However, the role of SETD2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been well documented. In the present study, we found that SETD2 was significantly down-regulated both in LUAD tissues and cell lines. Functionally, the increased expression of SETD2 significantly attenuated the proliferation of cancer cells by affecting the cell cycle, whereas SETD2 deficiency dramatically improved these proliferative abilities of cancer cells. Through conjoint analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP data, we identified a functional target gene of SETD2, CXCL1, and its expression was negatively correlated with that of SETD2. Moreover, SETD2 deletion stimulated cell cycle-related proteins to promote LUAD. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) catalyzed by SETD2 interacted with the promoter of CXCL1 to regulate its transcription and downstream signaling pathways, contributing to tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggested that SETD2 inhibited tumor growth via suppressing CXCL1-mediated activation of cell cycle, indicating that the regulation of H3K36me3 level by targeting SETD2 and/or the administration of downstream CXCL1 might represent a potential therapeutic way for new treatment in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Haifeng Deng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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29
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Wazir U, Tayeh S, Orakzai MAW, Martin TA, Jiang WG, Mokbel K. Stratification Using hTERT and Stem Cell Markers Confers a Good Prognosis in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:169-174. [PMID: 32108039 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of a previously identified panel of 10 stem cell markers stratified against the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) in human breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mRNA copy numbers of these genes were determined using real time quantitative PCR in 124 breast cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Relations between mRNA levels and survival were analysed using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Five genes (BMI1, NES, POU5F1, ALDH1A2 and CDKN1A) correlated with survival when stratified with hTERT and predicted overall (Wilcoxon: p=0.004; Cox: p=0.006) and disease-free (Wilcoxon: p<0.000; Cox: p=0.000) survival. CONCLUSION This panel of genes stratified by hTERT could open new avenues for the development of new prognostic tools, as well as for the identification of new research directions regarding breast oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Wazir
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K.,Department of General Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Salim Tayeh
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K
| | - Mona A W Orakzai
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K
| | - Tracey A Martin
- Cardiff-China Cancer Research Collaboration, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff-China Cancer Research Collaboration, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - Kefah Mokbel
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K. .,Department of General Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
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30
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Zhu GG, Ramirez D, Chen W, Lu C, Wang L, Frosina D, Jungbluth A, Ntiamoah P, Nafa K, Boland PJ, Hameed MR. Chromosome 3p loss of heterozygosity and reduced expression of H3K36me3 correlate with longer relapse-free survival in sacral conventional chordoma. Hum Pathol 2020; 104:73-83. [PMID: 32795465 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Conventional chordoma is a rare slow-growing malignant tumor of notochordal origin primarily arising at the base of the skull and sacrococcygeal bones. Chordoma may arise from its benign counterpart, benign notochordal cell tumors, and can also undergo dedifferentiation progressing into dedifferentiated chordoma. No study has directly compared the genomic alterations among these tumors comprising a morphologic continuum. Our prior study identified frequent chromosome 3p loss of heterozygosity and minimal deleted regions on chromosome 3 encompassing SETD2, encoding a histone methyltransferase involved in histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). In the present study, we expanded our study to include 65 sacral conventional chordoma cases, 3 benign notochordal cell tumor cases, and 2 dedifferentiated chordoma cases using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, targeted next-generation sequencing analysis, and immunohistochemistry. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of histone, H3K36me3, and investigated whether there is any association between the clinical behavior and recurrent chromosome or aneuploidy or H3K36me3 protein expression. We found that there is increased genomic instability from benign notochordal cell tumor to conventional chordoma to dedifferentiated chordoma. The highly recurrent genomic aberration, chromosome 3p loss of heterozygosity (occurred in 70% of conventional chordomas), is correlated with longer relapse-free survival, but not with overall survival or metastasis-free survival in sacral chordoma. Chordomas demonstrate variable patterns and levels of H3K36me3 expression, and reduced expression of H3K36me3 showed marginally significant correlation with longer relapse-free survival. Copy number alterations in the genes encoding the H3K36me3 methylation transferase complex and demethylase may account for the altered H3K36me3 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Gord Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA; Department of Pathology, Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, 08003, USA
| | - Daniel Ramirez
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA; Department of Pathology, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, 11021, USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20422, USA
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Denise Frosina
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Achim Jungbluth
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Peter Ntiamoah
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Khedoudja Nafa
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Patrick J Boland
- Orthopaedic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Meera R Hameed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Decultot L, Policarpo RL, Wright BA, Huang D, Shair MD. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of C9'- epi-Sinefungin. Org Lett 2020; 22:5594-5599. [PMID: 32628491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The natural nucleoside (+)-sinefungin, structurally similar to cofactor S-adenosyl-l-methionine, inhibits various SAM-dependent methyltransferases (MTs). Access to sinefungin analogues could serve as the basis for the rational design of small molecule methyltransferase inhibitors. We developed a route to the unnatural C9' epimer of sinefungin that employed a diastereoselective Overman rearrangement to install the key C6' amino stereocenter. The ability for late-stage modification is highlighted, opening an avenue for the discovery of new MT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Decultot
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Rocco L Policarpo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Brandon A Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Danny Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthew D Shair
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Prediction of High-Grade Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Plasma mRNA Profiles in Patients with Localized Pathologic T1N0M0 Stage Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051182. [PMID: 32392781 PMCID: PMC7281002 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A high nuclear grade is crucial to predicting tumor recurrence and metastasis in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs). We aimed to compare the mRNA profiles of tumor tissues and preoperative plasma in patients with localized T1 stage ccRCCs, and to evaluate the potential of the plasma mRNA profile for predicting high-grade ccRCCs. Data from a prospective cohort (n = 140) were collected between November 2018 and November 2019. Frozen tumor tissues and plasma were used to measure PBRM1, BAP1, SET domain-containing 2 (SETD2), KDM5C, FOXC2, CLIP4, AQP1, DDX11, BAIAP2L1, and TMEM38B mRNA levels, and correlation with the Fuhrman grade was investigated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed significant association between high-grade ccRCC and SETD2 and DDX11 mRNA levels in tissues (odds ratio (b) = 0.021, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.001-0.466, p = 0.014; b = 6.116, 95% CI: 1.729-21.631, p = 0.005, respectively) and plasma (b = 0.028, 95% CI 0.007-0.119, p < 0.001; b = 1.496, 95% CI: 1.187-1.885, p = 0.001, respectively). High-grade ccRCC prediction models revealed areas under the curve of 0.997 and 0.971 and diagnostic accuracies of 97.86% and 92.86% for the frozen tissue and plasma, respectively. SETD2 and DDX11 mRNA can serve as non-invasive plasma biomarkers for predicting high-grade ccRCCs. Studies with long follow-ups are needed to validate the prognostic value of these biomarkers in ccRCCs.
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Chen R, Zhao WQ, Fang C, Yang X, Ji M. Histone methyltransferase SETD2: a potential tumor suppressor in solid cancers. J Cancer 2020; 11:3349-3356. [PMID: 32231741 PMCID: PMC7097956 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence, development and treatment of malignant tumors; and a great deal of attention has been paid to the histone methylation level in recent years. As a 230-kD epigenetic regulator, the histone H3 lysine 36 histone (H3K36) methyltransferase SETD2 is a key enzyme of the nuclear receptor SET domain-containing (NSD) family, which is associated with a specific hyperphosphorylated domain, a large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), named RNAPII subunit B1 (RPB1), and SETD2 which methylates the ly-36 position of dimethylated histone H3 (H3K36me2) to generate trimethylated H3K36 (H3K36me3). SETD2 is involved in various cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, DNA damage repair, non-histone protein-related functions and some other processes. Great efforts of high-throughput sequencing have revealed that SETD2 is mutated or its function is lost in a range of solid cancers, including renal cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma, and so on. Mutation, or functional loss, of the SETD2 gene produces dysfunction in corresponding tumor tissue proteins, leading to tumorigenesis, progression, chemotherapy resistance, and unfavorable prognosis, suggesting that SETD2 possibly acts as a tumor suppressor. However, its underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we summarized the latest advances of effects of SETD2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in solid cancers, and its potential molecular and cellular functions as well as clinical applications were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Wei-Qing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 185 Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, China
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SETD2 mutation in renal clear cell carcinoma suppress autophagy via regulation of ATG12. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:69. [PMID: 31988284 PMCID: PMC6985262 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations in the SETD2 gene, encoding for a nonredundant histone H3 methyltransferase and regulator of transcription, is a frequent molecular feature in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). SETD2 deficiency is associated with recurrence of ccRCC and bears low prognostic values. Targeting autophagy, a conserved catabolic process with critical functions in maintenance of cellular homeostasis and cell conservation under stress condition, is emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy to combat ccRCC. Epigenetics-based pathways are now appreciated as key components in the regulation of autophagy. However, whether loss of function in the SETD2 histone modifying enzyme occurring in ccRCC cells may impact on their ability to undergo autophagy remained to be explored. Here, we report that SETD2 deficiency in RCC cells is associated with the aberrant accumulation of both free ATG12 and of an additional ATG12-containing complex, distinct from the ATG5–ATG12 complex. Rescue of SETD2 functions in the SETD2 deficiency in RCC cells, or reduction of SETD2 expression level in RCC cells wild type for this enzyme, demonstrates that SETD2 deficiency in RCC is directly involved in the acquisition of these alterations in the autophagic process. Furthermore, we revealed that deficiency in SETD2, known regulator of alternative splicing, is associated with increased expression of a short ATG12 spliced isoform at the depend of the canonical long ATG12 isoform in RCC cells. The defect in the ATG12-dependent conjugation system was found to be associated with a decrease autophagic flux, in accord with the role for this ubiquitin-like protein conjugation system in autophagosome formation and expansion. Finally, we report that SETD2 and ATG12 gene expression levels are associated with favorable respective unfavorable prognosis in ccRCC patients. Collectively, our findings bring further argument for considering the SETD2 gene status of ccRCC tumors, when therapeutic interventions, such as targeting the autophagic process, are considered to combat these kidney cancers.
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Principe DR, Kamath SD, Munshi HG, Mohindra NA. Metastatic Thymoma Harboring a Deleterious BRCA2 Mutation Derives Durable Clinical Benefit from Olaparib. Oncologist 2019; 25:301-305. [PMID: 32297440 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymomas comprise a group of rare epithelial neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum. Whereas localized disease carries a favorable prognosis, the majority of patients with metastatic thymomas experience progression or recurrence over a 10-year period. Although targeted therapies have become standard of care in many malignancies, no clinically actionable mutations have consistently been identified in metastatic thymomas. Here, we describe a patient with an aggressive thymoma complicated by extensive pleural metastases. Over a 16-year period, she progressed on multiple treatment regimens. To identify additional treatment options, tissue from a pleural metastasis was sent for next-generation sequencing, revealing mutations in BRCA2, tyrosine kinase 2, and SET domain containing 2. Based on supporting evidence for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition in other BRCA-mutated tumors, the patient was started on the PARP inhibitor olaparib. She derived significant clinical benefit from treatment, with imaging showing overall stabilization of her disease. Here, we review the genotyping results of her tumor and discuss the functional and clinical significance of the mutations in her cancer as well as implications for managing patients with advanced BRCA-mutant thymomas. KEY POINTS: Targeted therapy has yet to enter the standard clinical management of metastatic thymomas. Patients with BRCA2-mutant thymomas may benefit from poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Principe
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Suneel D Kamath
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Nisha A Mohindra
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zeng Y, Wang S, Feng M, Shao Z, Yuan J, Shen Z, Jie W. [Quantitative proteomics and differential signal enrichment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells with or without SETD2 gene knockout]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:1191-1199. [PMID: 31801714 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of alterations in the expressions of methyltransferase SETD2 on protein expression profiles in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and enrich the differential signaling pathways. METHODS The total protein was extracted from SETD2-knockout cell line CNE1SETD2-KO and the wild-type cell line CNE1WT, and the differentially expressed proteins were screened by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeled protein quantification technique and tandem mass spectrometry. GO analysis was used to annotate and enrich the differentially expressed proteins, and the KEGG database was used to enrich and analyze the pathways of the differential proteins. RESULTS With a fold change (FC)≥1.2 and P < 0.05 as the screening standard, 2049 differentially expressed proteins were identified in CNE1SETD2-KO cells, among which 904 were up-regulated and 1145 were down-regulated. GO functional annotation results indicated that SETD2 knockout caused characteristic changes in multiple biological processes (cell processes and regulation, cell movement, metabolic processes, and biosynthesis of cellular components), molecular functions (catalytic activity and molecular binding, transcription factor activity), and cellular components (cell membrane, organelle, macromolecular complex). KEGG analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were involved in an array of signaling pathways closely related to tumors, including MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Ras, Rap1, mTOR, Hippo, HIF-1, Wnt, AMPK, FoxO, ErbB, P53 and JAK-STAT. CONCLUSIONS SETD2 knockout significantly changes the protein expression characteristics of NPC cells and affects a number of signal pathways closely related to tumors. The results provide evidence for investigation of the pathogenesis and therapeutic target screening of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Muyin Feng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhongming Shao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jianling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
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Yang H, Cui W, Wang L. Epigenetic synthetic lethality approaches in cancer therapy. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:136. [PMID: 31590683 PMCID: PMC6781350 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset and development of malignant tumors are closely related to epigenetic modifications, and this has become a research hotspot. In recent years, a variety of epigenetic regulators have been discovered, and corresponding small molecule inhibitors have been developed, but their efficacy in solid tumors is generally poor. With the introduction of the first synthetic lethal drug (the PARP inhibitor olaparib in ovarian cancer with BRCA1 mutation), research into synthetic lethality has also become a hotspot. High-throughput screening with CRISPR-Cas9 and shRNA technology has revealed a large number of synthetic lethal pairs involving epigenetic-related synthetic lethal genes, such as those encoding SWI/SNF complex subunits, PRC2 complex subunits, SETD2, KMT2C, and MLL fusion proteins. In this review, we focus on epigenetic-related synthetic lethal mechanisms, including synthetic lethality between epigenetic mutations and epigenetic inhibitors, epigenetic mutations and non-epigenetic inhibitors, and oncogene mutations and epigenetic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoshen Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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38
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Wang F, Liu T, Wang L, Gu Z, Yang N, Luo L, Zhu C, Li M, Liu D, Gao C. Unmanipulated haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for patients with Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in first complete remission. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:118-127. [PMID: 31519118 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1660965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (Haplo-PBSCT) is a promising treatment option for patients with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, we retrospectively analyzed data from Ph-negative ALL patients who underwent haplo-PBSCT during their first complete remission (CR1), and compared the long-term outcomes between the standard-risk and high-risk patients. The 3-year probability of relapse was 7.6% and 16.7% for the standard- and high-risk group (p = .274). The 3-year probability of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for the standard-risk versus high-risk groups were 84.6% versus 50% (p = .0063) and 92.3% versus 61.1% (p = .046), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that a diagnosis of high risk with fusion/mutation genes were associated with worse outcomes, which was confirmed by multivariate analysis (p = .016). In summary, haplo-PBSCT may be a promising alternative for patients with Ph-negative ALL in CR1, although the fusion/mutation genes in high-risk patients may relatively impair the long-term efficacy compared with standard-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Wang
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Inpatient Department, 66242 Army Hospital, Xilin Gol, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chinese PLA 401 Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenyang Gu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengying Zhu
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Daihong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunji Gao
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Molecular Basis of Cisplatin Resistance in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091316. [PMID: 31500094 PMCID: PMC6769617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance is the main cause of treatment failure and death in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), but its biologic background is poorly understood. To study the molecular basis of CDDP resistance in TGCT we prepared and sequenced CDDP-exposed TGCT cell lines as well as 31 primary patients' samples. Long-term exposure to CDDP increased the CDDP resistance 10 times in the NCCIT cell line, while no major resistance was achieved in Tera-2. Development of CDDP resistance was accompanied by changes in the cell cycle (increase in G1 and decrease in S-fraction), increased number of acquired mutations, of which 3 were present within ATRX gene, as well as changes in gene expression pattern. Copy number variation analysis showed, apart from obligatory gain of 12p, several other large-scale gains (chr 1, 17, 20, 21) and losses (chr X), with additional more CNVs found in CDDP-resistant cells (e.g., further losses on chr 1, 4, 18, and gain on chr 8). In the patients' samples, those who developed CDDP resistance and died of TGCT (2/31) showed high numbers of acquired aberrations, both SNPs and CNVs, and harbored mutations in genes potentially relevant to TGCT development (e.g., TRERF1, TFAP2C in one patient, MAP2K1 and NSD1 in another one). Among all primary tumor samples, the most commonly mutated gene was NSD1, affected in 9/31 patients. This gene encoding histone methyl transferase was also downregulated and identified among the 50 most differentially expressed genes in CDDP-resistant NCCIT cell line. Interestingly, 2/31 TGCT patients harbored mutations in the ATRX gene encoding a chromatin modifier that has been shown to have a critical function in sexual differentiation. Our research newly highlights its probable involvement also in testicular tumors. Both findings support the emerging role of altered epigenetic gene regulation in TGCT and CDDP resistance development.
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Yu H, Sun J, Zhao C, Wang H, Liu Y, Xiong J, Chang J, Wang M, Wang W, Ye D, Zhou H, Yu T. SET domain containing protein 5 (SETD5) enhances tumor cell invasion and is associated with a poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:736. [PMID: 31345185 PMCID: PMC6659235 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SET domain containing 5 (SETD5) is related to the aggressiveness of prostate and mammary cancers, but its association with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the expression pattern and function of SETD5 in NSCLC. Methods SETD5 was detected by immunohistochemical analysis in 147 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. SETD5 was overexpressed in A549 cells or suppressed with siRNA in H1299 cells. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed. The expression levels of SETD5, p-AKT/AKT, Snail, p-JNK/JNK, Slug, E-cadherin, Zo-1, p-P38/P38, occludin, α-catenin, p-ERK/ERK, and p-P90RSK/ P90RSK were assessed by western blot. Results Online analysis of overall survival in 1928 patients with NSCLC showed that the SETD5 gene was related to worse overall survival (OS)(P < 0.001). The positive expression rate of SETD5 in noncancerous tissues was lower than that in cancerous tissues (16.7% vs. 44.2%, P < 0.001). SETD5 was significantly correlated with advanced TNM stage (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and overall survival rate (P < 0.001). Overexpression of SETD5 in A549 cells increased migration and invasion, while deletion of SETD5 in H1299 cells decreased migration and invasion. After overexpression of SETD5, the expression of ZO-1 was downregulated, and that of Snail was upregulated. After overexpression of SETD5, the levels of p-ERK and its downstream factor p-p90rsk increased. Conclusion These results suggest that SETD5 could regulate p-P90RSK and facilitate the migration and invasion of NSCLC and may be related to the poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairu Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Congxuan Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- The First Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yeqiu Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiajia Xiong
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mixue Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dongman Ye
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China. .,Department of Medical Imaging, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.
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Wazir U, Orakzai MMAW, Martin TA, Jiang WG, Mokbel K. Correlation of TERT and Stem Cell Markers in the Context of Human Breast Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:121-127. [PMID: 30850363 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) has a well-known role in carcinogenesis due to its functions in inducing cell immortality and preventing senescence. In this study, the relationships between TERT and a panel of known stem cell markers was examined in order to direct future enquiries into the role of 'stem-ness' in human breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer tissues (n=124) and adjacent normal tissues (n=30) underwent reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Transcript levels were analyzed for the correlation with that of TERT. RESULTS A significant direct correlation was found in cancerous tissue between TERT and BMI1 proto-oncogene polycomb ring finger 4 (BMI1; n=88, p<0.001), nestin (NES; n=88, p<0.001), POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 (POU5F1; n=88, p<0.001), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (ALDH1A2; n=87, p=0.0298), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A; n=88, p<0.001), integrin subunit beta 1 (ITGNB1; n=88, p<0.001), integrin subunit alpha 6 (ITGA6; n=88, p<0.001), cluster of differentiation antigen 24 (CD24; n=88, p=0.0114), MET proto-oncogene (MET; n=78, p<0.001) and noggin (NOG; n=88, p<0.001). CONCLUSION The evidence presented in this article of possible interactions between TERT and a discrete subset of known stem cell markers would significantly contribute to further enquiries regarding clonal dynamics in the context of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Wazir
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K.,Department of General Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Tracey Amanda Martin
- Cardiff-China Cancer Research Collaboration, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff-China Cancer Research Collaboration, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - Kefah Mokbel
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K. .,Department of General Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
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LncRNA HOTAIR in Tumor Microenvironment: What Role? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092279. [PMID: 31072041 PMCID: PMC6539022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
lncRNAs participate in many cellular processes, including regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In addition, many lncRNAs can contribute to the development of different human diseases including cancer. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role during tumor growth and metastatic progression, and most of these lncRNAs have a key function in TME intracellular signaling. Among the numerous identified lncRNAs, several experimental evidences have shown the fundamental role of the lncRNA HOTAIR in carcinogenesis, also highlighting its use as a circulating biomarker. In this review we described the contribution of HOTAIR in the TME modulation, highlighting its relation with cellular and non-cellular components during tumor evolution and progression.
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Sheng Y, Ji Z, Zhao H, Wang J, Cheng C, Xu W, Wang X, He Y, Liu K, Li L, Voeltzel T, Maguer-Satta V, Gao WQ, Zhu HH. Downregulation of the histone methyltransferase SETD2 promotes imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia cells. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12611. [PMID: 31054182 PMCID: PMC6668982 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Epigenetic modifiers were important players in the development of haematological malignancies and sensitivity to therapy. Mutations of SET domain‐containing 2 (SETD2), a methyltransferase that catalyses the trimethylation of histone 3 on lysine 36 (H3K36me3), were found in various myeloid malignancies. However, the detailed mechanisms through which SETD2 confers chronic myeloid leukaemia progression and resistance to therapy targeting on BCR‐ABL remain unclear. Materials and methods The level of SETD2 in imatinib‐sensitive and imatinib‐resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cells was examined by immunoblotting and quantitative real‐time PCR. We analysed CD34+CD38− leukaemic stem cells by flow cytometry and colony formation assays upon SETD2 knockdown or overexpression. The impact of SETD2 expression alterations or small‐molecule inhibitor JIB‐04 targeting H3K36me3 loss on imatinib sensitivity was assessed by IC50, cell apoptosis and proliferation assays. Finally, RNA sequencing and ChIP‐quantitative PCR were performed to verify putative downstream targets. Results SETD2 was found to act as a tumour suppressor in CML. The novel oncogenic targets MYCN and ERG were shown to be the direct downstream targets of SETD2, where their overexpression induced by SETD2 knockdown caused imatinib insensitivity and leukaemic stem cell enrichment in CML cell lines. Treatment with JIB‐04, an inhibitor that restores H3K36me3 levels through blockade of its demethylation, successfully improved the cell imatinib sensitivity and enhanced the chemotherapeutic effect. Conclusions Our study not only emphasizes the regulatory mechanism of SETD2 in CML, but also provides promising therapeutic strategies for overcoming the imatinib resistance in patients with CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xin-Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuman He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Helen He Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Bu K, Shi Z, Lu Y, Zhao J, Li B. An occult urothelial carcinoma with wide multiorgan metastases and its genetic alteration profiling: Case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15245. [PMID: 31008958 PMCID: PMC6494344 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Urothelial carcinoma, also named transitional cell carcinoma, is the most frequent occurring malignancy in the urinary system. It mainly invades the surrounding tissues and metastasizes to distant organs in later stages. PATIENT CONCERNS Here, we presented an unusual case of occult urothelial carcinoma primarily manifested as a multiorgan metastatic cancer in a 59-year-old man. The patient complained of pain on the left thigh root for a month. The imaging and histopathological examination revealed multiple malignancies in lung, bone, and liver. DIAGNOSES The histological evaluation and the immunohistochemistry (IHC) profile of liver, lung, and bone were consistent with the diagnosis of metastases from the original urothelial cancer, while imaging examination was not able to detect a primary lesion in the urinary system. INTERVENTIONS Based on the mutation of STK11 M51Ifs*106 detected by next generation sequencing (NGS), we started targeted therapy with everolimus. OUTCOMES The patient deteriorated after 3 months of treatment and passed away. LESSONS In this initial report of occult urothelial carcinoma, we obtained information on genetic variations of tumor tissue which could provide important information for subsequent studies on this kind of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Bu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning
| | - Zeyan Shi
- Department of Hematology, First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning
| | | | - Bixun Li
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning
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Acquired SETD2 mutation and impaired CREB1 activation confer cisplatin resistance in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2018; 38:180-193. [PMID: 30093630 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy remains a critical barrier to effective cancer treatment. Although cisplatin is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), mechanisms of resistance to this drug are not fully understood. Here, we report a novel cisplatin-resistance mechanism involving SET Domain Containing 2 (SETD2), a histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) trimethyltransferase, and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1). A549 cells selected in vivo to give brain metastases exhibited cisplatin resistance and decreased expression of phosphorylated CREB1. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis identified a missense mutation in SETD2 (p.T1171K), and we demonstrated that SETD2-mediated trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) and CREB1 phosphorylation are critical for cellular sensitivity to cisplatin. Moreover, we showed that suppression of SETD2 or CREB1 and ectopic expression of mutant SETD2 conferred cisplatin resistance through inhibition of H3K36me3 and ERK activation in NSCLC cells. Our results provide evidence that SETD2 and CREB1 contribute to cisplatin cytotoxicity via regulation of the ERK signaling pathway, and their inactivation may lead to cisplatin resistance.
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Jiang C, He C, Wu Z, Li F, Xiao J. Histone methyltransferase SETD2 regulates osteosarcoma cell growth and chemosensitivity by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:382-388. [PMID: 29842882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SETD2 is a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes the trimethylation of lysine 36 on histone 3. SETD2 is frequently found to be mutated or deleted in a variety of human tumors, whereas the role of SETD2 in oncogenesis of osteosarcoma has never been defined. Here in our study, we uncovered that SETD2 regulates tumor growth and chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma. Overexpression of SETD2 significantly inhibited osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, SETD2 significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells and inhibited cancer stem cell properties in OS cells. SETD2 regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its downstream gene c-myc, CD133 and cyclin D1. We further revealed that SETD2 upregulates H3K36me3 modification in GSK3B loci and promotes its transcription, which lead to β-catenin degradation. Together, our study delineates SETD2 function in osteosarcoma as an important regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and suggests SETD2 as a novel target in diagnosis and combined chemotherapy of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyin Jiang
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second MilitaryMedical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Chao He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fengfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Number 9 People's Hospital Affiliated Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, China.
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second MilitaryMedical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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Sakthikumar S, Elvers I, Kim J, Arendt ML, Thomas R, Turner-Maier J, Swofford R, Johnson J, Schumacher SE, Alföldi J, Axelsson E, Couto CG, Kisseberth WC, Pettersson ME, Getz G, Meadows JRS, Modiano JF, Breen M, Kierczak M, Forsberg-Nilsson K, Marinescu VD, Lindblad-Toh K. SETD2 Is Recurrently Mutated in Whole-Exome Sequenced Canine Osteosarcoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3421-3431. [PMID: 29724721 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a debilitating bone cancer that affects humans, especially children and adolescents. A homologous form of osteosarcoma spontaneously occurs in dogs, and its differential incidence observed across breeds allows for the investigation of tumor mutations in the context of multiple genetic backgrounds. Using whole-exome sequencing and dogs from three susceptible breeds (22 golden retrievers, 21 Rottweilers, and 23 greyhounds), we found that osteosarcoma tumors show a high frequency of somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA), affecting key oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. The across-breed results are similar to what has been observed for human osteosarcoma, but the disease frequency and somatic mutation counts vary in the three breeds. For all breeds, three mutational signatures (one of which has not been previously reported) and 11 significantly mutated genes were identified. TP53 was the most frequently altered gene (83% of dogs have either mutations or SCNA in TP53), recapitulating observations in human osteosarcoma. The second most frequently mutated gene, histone methyltransferase SETD2, has known roles in multiple cancers, but has not previously been strongly implicated in osteosarcoma. This study points to the likely importance of histone modifications in osteosarcoma and highlights the strong genetic similarities between human and dog osteosarcoma, suggesting that canine osteosarcoma may serve as an excellent model for developing treatment strategies in both species.Significance: Canine osteosarcoma genomics identify SETD2 as a possible oncogenic driver of osteosarcoma, and findings establish the canine model as a useful comparative model for the corresponding human disease. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3421-31. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharadha Sakthikumar
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ingegerd Elvers
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jaegil Kim
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Maja L Arendt
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg D, Denmark
| | - Rachael Thomas
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erik Axelsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Guillermo Couto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Medical Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Couto Veterinary Consultants, Hilliard, Ohio
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Medical Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mats E Pettersson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer R S Meadows
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Institute for Engineering and Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Matthew Breen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Marcin Kierczak
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Voichita D Marinescu
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Raj N, Shah R, Stadler Z, Mukherjee S, Chou J, Untch B, Li J, Kelly V, Saltz LB, Mandelker D, Ladanyi M, Berger MF, Klimstra DS, Reidy-Lagunes D, Osoba M. Real-Time Genomic Characterization of Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Has Prognostic Implications and Identifies Potential Germline Actionability. JCO Precis Oncol 2018; 2018. [PMID: 30687805 DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We assessed the usefulness of real-time molecular profiling through next-generation sequencing (NGS) in predicting the tumor biology of advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs) and in characterizing genomic evolution. Methods Patients with metastatic panNETs were recruited in the routine clinical practice setting (between May 2014 and March 2017) for prospective NGS of their tumors as well as for germline analysis using the Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK-IMPACT) sequencing platform. When possible, NGS was performed at multiple time points. Results NGS was performed in 96 tumor samples from 80 patients. Somatic alterations were identified in 76 of 80 patients (95%). The most commonly altered genes were MEN1 (56%), DAXX (40%), ATRX (25%), and TSC2 (25%). Alterations could be defined in pathways that included chromatin remodeling factors, histone methyltransferases, and mammalian target of rapamycin pathway genes. Somatic loss of heterozygosity was particularly prevalent (50 of 96 samples [52%]), and the presence of loss of heterozygosity resulted in inferior overall survival (P < .01). Sequencing of pre- and post-treatment samples revealed tumor-grade progression; clonal evolution patterns were also seen (molecular resistance mechanisms and chemotherapy-associated mutagenesis). Germline genetic analysis identified clinically actionable pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 14 of 88 patients (16%), including mutations in high-penetrance cancer susceptibility genes (MEN1, TSC2, and VHL). Conclusion A clinical NGS platform reveals pertubations of biologic pathways in metastatic panNETs that may inform prognosis and direct therapies. Repeat sequencing at disease progression reveals increasing tumor grade and genetic evolution, demonstrating that panNETs adopt a more aggressive behavior through time and therapies. In addition to frequent somatic mutations in MEN1 and TSC2, germline mutations in these same genes underlie susceptibility to panNETs and highlight the need to re-evaluate whether germline genetic analysis should be performed for all patients with panNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Raj
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Janet Li
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muyinat Osoba
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
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Zhong Z, Rosenow M, Xiao N, Spetzler D. Profiling plasma extracellular vesicle by pluronic block-copolymer based enrichment method unveils features associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis and invasion. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1458574. [PMID: 29696079 PMCID: PMC5912199 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1458574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based liquid biopsies have been proposed to be a readily obtainable biological substrate recently for both profiling and diagnostics purposes. Development of a fast and reliable preparation protocol to enrich such small particles could accelerate the discovery of informative, disease-related biomarkers. Though multiple EV enrichment protocols are available, in terms of efficiency, reproducibility and simplicity, precipitation-based methods are most amenable to studies with large numbers of subjects. However, the selectivity of the precipitation becomes critical. Here, we present a simple plasma EV enrichment protocol based on pluronic block copolymer. The enriched plasma EV was able to be verified by multiple platforms. Our results showed that the particles enriched from plasma by the copolymer were EV size vesicles with membrane structure; proteomic profiling showed that EV-related proteins were significantly enriched, while high-abundant plasma proteins were significantly reduced in comparison to other precipitation-based enrichment methods. Next-generation sequencing confirmed the existence of various RNA species that have been observed in EVs from previous studies. Small RNA sequencing showed enriched species compared to the corresponding plasma. Moreover, plasma EVs enriched from 20 advanced breast cancer patients and 20 age-matched non-cancer controls were profiled by semi-quantitative mass spectrometry. Protein features were further screened by EV proteomic profiles generated from four breast cancer cell lines, and then selected in cross-validation models. A total of 60 protein features that highly contributed in model prediction were identified. Interestingly, a large portion of these features were associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis as well as invasion, consistent with the advanced clinical stage of the patients. In summary, we have developed a plasma EV enrichment method with improved precipitation selectivity and it might be suitable for larger-scale discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhong
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Nick Xiao
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David Spetzler
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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50
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Chen Z, Raghoonundun C, Chen W, Zhang Y, Tang W, Fan X, Shi X. SETD2 indicates favourable prognosis in gastric cancer and suppresses cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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