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Kilic M, Gunen Yilmaz S, Kockopru ZM. Evaluation of oral health-related quality of life in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia/acute myelocytic leukemia: A cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2663-2669. [PMID: 37203435 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, used to treat childhood hematological malignancies (acute lymphocytic leukemia [ALL] and acute myelocytic leukemia [AML]) can negatively affect oral tissues and organs. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life in children with ALL/AML. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 99 children, including 49 undergoing ALL/AML (41 with ALL and eight with AML) and 50 healthy volunteers, were included in this cross-sectional study. The mean age of the entire study group was 78.63 ± 34.41 months. The mean age of the ALL/AML and control groups was 87.12 ± 35.04 and 70.95 ± 34.85 months, respectively. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI), the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT/dmft) index, and the Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-T) were administered to all children. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). The Pearson chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare demographic data. RESULTS The age and gender distributions of the two groups were similar. According to ECOHIS-T, the children in the ALL/AML group had significantly more loss of function (eating, drinking, sleeping, etc.) than those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Oral health and self-care were negatively affected by childhood ALL/AML and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munevver Kilic
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sevcihan Gunen Yilmaz
- Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Zehra Merve Kockopru
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Correia C, Ribeiro Graça S, Mendes S. Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale: Psychometric Evaluation in Portuguese Preschoolers. Acta Stomatol Croat 2024; 58:39-51. [PMID: 38562224 PMCID: PMC10981910 DOI: 10.15644/asc58/1/4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective to contribute to the validation of the Early Childhood Oral Impact Scale (ECOHIS) by studying its psychometric properties when applied to a Portuguese preschool population. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted with children aged between three and five-years-old. The non-probabilistic sample included two preschools in the municipality of Lisbon. Children who agreed to participate and whose guardians signed the informed consent were included. Data collection included a questionnaire, administered to the parents, and an intraoral examination of the children. The questionnaire included the Portuguese version of ECOHIS. The intraoral examination included the caries diagnosis according to the World Health Organization criteria. Discriminant validity compared the ECOHIS score between children with and without caries experience (Mann-Whitney U-test). Cohen's d was calculated to estimate the magnitude of the difference. Reliability analysis included Cronbach's α and test-retest. Construct validity was analyzed by the correlation between the ECOHIS score and dmft (Spearman's correlation). A significance level of 5% was used. Results The sample included 104 children (mean age 4.1 years). ECOHIS values were significantly different between children with and without caries (p=0.004). The Cohen's d was 0.84. The Cronbach's was 0.78, with no significant increase in value when eliminating any of the items. The test-retest showed significant correlation (r=0.76; p=0.01). There was a significant correlation between the ECOHIS score and caries experience (r=0.28; p=0.004). Conclusion The Portuguese version of the ECOHIS showed good psychometric properties, indicating that it is a reliable and valid tool to measure the impact of oral health in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Correia
- Master in Dentistry, Oral and Biomedical Sciences Research Unit (UICOB), University of Lisbon, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Portugal
| | - Sandra Ribeiro Graça
- Dental Hygiene, University of Lisbon, Faculty of Dental Medicine; Oral and Biomedical Sciences Research Unit (UICOB). Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sónia Mendes
- Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Lisbon, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Oral and Biomedical Sciences Research Unit (UICOB), Lisbon, Portugal
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Chai HH, Gao SS, Chen KJ, Lo ECM, Duangthip D, Chu CH. Tools Evaluating Child Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Int Dent J 2024; 74:15-24. [PMID: 37482502 PMCID: PMC10829350 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to systemically review the tools developed for evaluating oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children. METHODS Two reviewers systematically searched English-language publications within PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. They screened the titles and abstracts and retrieved the full texts of the selected publications. Studies which developed, validated, or culturally adapted an OHRQoL tool used in preschool children were included. They recorded information regarding tool characteristics, item configuration, discriminative validation, the aim of assessment, and the target group. RESULTS The study included 59 publications and identified 12 tools for assessing OHRQoL in preschool children. Seven tools were tailored for preschool ages. Most of the scales were generic oral health measures. Dental caries was the most commonly used oral condition for assessing a tool's discriminative validity. Eight tools required parental proxy reports. Three tools were both child-administrated and parent-administrated. One tool was designed to be answered solely by children. Ten tools assessed the oral health-related impact on children, including oral condition-related, functioning, environmental, and emotional/social domains. Four tools included items regarding the impact on both children and family. CONCLUSIONS This review identified 12 tools developed for evaluating OHRQoL in preschool children, 7 of which were tailored for preschool age. The 12 tools were validated but incomprehensive due to the subjective and multidimensional nature of the OHRQoL concept. Researchers can choose a suitable tool for their studies by understanding the basic characteristics and item setting of the tools. Researchers can have an overview of the tools developed for evaluating OHRQoL in preschool children. They can use the findings from this review to choose a suitable tool for their studies regarding the OHRQoL in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollis Haotian Chai
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sherry Shiqian Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Kitty Jieyi Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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LIKAR OSTRC L, FRANKOVIČ S, PAVLIČ A. The Development and Evaluation of the Slovenian Version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-SVN). Zdr Varst 2023; 62:173-181. [PMID: 37799415 PMCID: PMC10549250 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2023-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There has been no valid and reliable instrument available to measure the impact of oral health on the quality of life of Slovenian preschool children. The main aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of the first Slovenian instrument assessing Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) preschool children: the ECOHIS-SVN. Methods The ECOHIS-SVN was developed using forward-backward translations and with the participation of children aged under six and their parents. The children's teeth were examined, and parents were asked to complete questionnaires, including the ECOHIS-SVN. The internal consistency of ECOHIS-SVN was evaluated through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha (α), test-retest reliability with an intra-class-correlation coefficient (ICC), convergent validity with Spearman's rank correlation (r) and criterion validity with the Mann-Whitney test. The association between the ECOHIS-SVN score and parents' age, educational level, self-reported oral health and OHIP-SVN14 was estimated using multiple linear regression. Results In the study, 255 children participated, with a mean age of 4.8 years (±0.8). The ECOHIS-SVN questionnaire was completed by the parents of all 255 children and re-filled by 71 parents. The results of the total ECOHIS-SVN scale include α=0.85, ICC=0.85, and r=0.6-0.75. A statistically significant association was found between the ECOHIS-SVN and parents' age and between the ECOHIS-SVN and parents' OHIP-SVN14 in the whole group and in the subgroup of children with no teeth affected by cavitated caries (dmft=0) (p=0.025, p=0.028), respectively. Conclusion ECOHIS-SVN enables further studies to assess the OHRQoL of preschool children in the Slovenian-speaking population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka LIKAR OSTRC
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Hrvatski trg 6, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sabina FRANKOVIČ
- Community Health Centre Kranj, Mental Health Dispensary, Gosposvetska 10, 4000Kranj, Slovenia
| | - Alenka PAVLIČ
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Hrvatski trg 6, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bohoričeva 20, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Lembacher S, Hofer V, Bekes K. The Impact of Dental Pain on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of Preschool Children in Austria. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5906. [PMID: 37762847 PMCID: PMC10532059 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pain in children is a global public health burden with psychosocial and economic implications, challenging families and pediatric dentists in daily clinical practice. Previous studies have addressed the exclusive impact of either caries, dental trauma, malocclusion, or socioeconomic status on OHRQoL. Even though such examples can surely cause dental pain in children, so far only little research on the correlation of dental pain as a general symptom of different underlying causes and OHRQoL has been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of dental pain on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children between the ages of 0 and 6 years old and subsequently compare the results to a control group free of tooth ache. Children and their adult caregivers were recruited from the Emergency unit of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the University Clinic of Dentistry in Vienna. The caregivers completed the German version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-G). Afterwards, the children were clinically examined. The cause for dental pain, dmf-t index, and plaque accumulation were collected. In total, 259 children with a mean age of 4.2 years (SD ± 1.5 years) were included in the study group. Their mean ECOHIS-G score was 9.0 (SD ± 7.4), while the control group only amounted to a score of 4.9 (SD ± 5.6). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant in both ECOHIS-G subsections, the child impact scale (CIS) and the family impact scale (FIS) as well as the ECOHIS-G sum score (p < 0.05). Dmf-t index and plaque accumulation significantly correlated with CIS and ECOHIS sum score (p ≤ 0.05). The reduction in quality of life was nearly twice as great in the children with dental pain as in the control children. The ECOHIS-G is a valid instrument for measuring the OHRQoL of children with dental pain between the ages of 0 to 6.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrin Bekes
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (S.L.); (V.H.)
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Faheem M, Moheb D, Bahgat S, Splieth C, Bekes K. Changes in Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life of Egyptian Children Treated under Dental General Anesthesia: A Prospective Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5792. [PMID: 37762733 PMCID: PMC10532267 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of young children under dental general anesthesia (DGA) is sometimes necessary due to lack of cooperation and the complexity of dental treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children following treatment under DGA. METHODS A consecutive sample of 88 children aged 5 and younger who were referred to the department of pediatric dentistry, Cairo university, Egypt, for treatment under DGA was included. Parents were asked to complete the Arabic version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS) questionnaire before and 4 weeks after treatment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare baseline and follow up scores. Effect sizes (ES) were also calculated. RESULTS The overall ECOHIS scores decreased significantly from 16.72 (±7.07) to 0.9 (±3.08); (p < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test) after treatment under DGA, demonstrating a large effect size of 2.2. The scores of the two subscales of the ECOHIS, the child impact scale (CIS) and the family impact scale (FIS), also decreased significantly (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Treatment under DGA not only improved the OHRQoL of the Egyptian children in our sample significantly, but also had a positive effect on their families' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Faheem
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Dalia Moheb
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (D.M.)
- School of Dentistry, Newgiza University, Giza 12577, Egypt
| | - Sherif Bahgat
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (D.M.)
| | - Christian Splieth
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.F.); (C.S.)
| | - Katrin Bekes
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Gunay B, Kaya MS, Ozgen IT, Guler EM, Kocyigit A. Evaluation of the relationship between pain inflammation due to dental caries and growth parameters in preschool children. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-04988-2. [PMID: 37036512 PMCID: PMC10088690 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between pain inflammation due to dental caries and growth parameters, sleep disturbances, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children before/after dental treatment and compare the results with the control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study (pain inflammation due to caries) and control groups were included in this prospective clinical trial. The Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) assessing sleep disturbances and the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) assessing OHRQoL were applied in the corresponding time intervals to the study and control groups, respectively: baseline (T0study), 7 days after treatment (T1study), and following 6 months (T2study); baseline (T0control), and the following 6 months (T2control). Biochemical growth parameters (insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3) and anthropometric measurements (standard deviation score of height, weight, and body mass index) were obtained at T0study, T2study, and T0control. Mann-Whitney U and the Student t-tests were used for statistical analyses. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Data on 45 children (mean age: 55.6 ± 10.37 months) were analyzed. T2study was statistically higher than T0study for the anthropometric measurements and biochemical growth parameters (p < 0.05). T0study was statistically higher than T0control for biochemical growth parameters (p < 0.05). CSHQ and ECOHIS scores were found statistically significant at T0study than T0control (p < 0.05). Statistical scores of CSHQ and ECOHIS in T2study were significantly reduced compared to T0study (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Children's growth parameters, sleep disturbances, and OHRQoL improved after the elimination of pain and inflammation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study's novelty is the observation of drastically increased growth parameters and reduced sleep disturbances following dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Gunay
- Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Sarp Kaya
- Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilker Tolga Ozgen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hamidiye School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Haydarpasa Numune Health Application and Research Center, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Özyılkan D, Tosun Ö, İslam A. The Impact of Anemia-Related Early Childhood Caries on Parents' and Children's Quality of Life. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59030521. [PMID: 36984522 PMCID: PMC10052039 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Today, oral diseases are well-known for their effects, not only on daily life but also on quality of life (QoL). Dental caries, especially early childhood caries (ECC), are considered a public health concern as regards their impact on the life quality of children and parents from multiple aspects. The present research was conducted to assess the effect of anemia on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in terms of children and parents. Materials and Methods: The current study was performed in two independent stages. In the first stage, the Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), and in the second stage, the Turkish version of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) were used to measure the effect of anemia-related dental caries among children and parents. SPSS and Jamovi software were used for all calculations, graphs and comparisons. Results: A total of 204 participants (child-parent pairs) were incorporated in the present study. A considerable number of children (81.5%) reported occasional or more frequent oral/dental pain. Secondly, the subscale scores were determined for child symptoms (2.25 ± 0.067), child function (6.8 ± 0.22), child psychology (3.87 ± 0.128), self-image and social interaction (1.74 ± 0.063), parental distress (3.82 ± 0.143), and family function (3.5 ± 0.121). Additionally, more than half of the parents (56.3%) responded "fair" for the health of their children's teeth, lips, jaws and mouth. Similarly, the child's overall well-being was stated as being affected "a lot" by the condition of their child's teeth, lips, jaws or mouth by half of the parents (49.5%). Conclusions: Anemia-related dental caries has a highly negative impact on the quality of life of children and parents according to both of the questionnaires. Therefore, children with high scores should be prioritized for preventive procedures and timely dental treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dila Özyılkan
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus
| | - Özgür Tosun
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Cyprus
| | - Aylin İslam
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, European University of Lefke, Lefke 99010, Cyprus
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The Effect of the Treatment of Severe Early Childhood Caries on Growth-Development and Quality of Life. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020411. [PMID: 36832541 PMCID: PMC9955375 DOI: 10.3390/children10020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Untreated early childhood caries (ECC) adversely affect children's quality of life. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of ECC on growth, development, and quality of life. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 95 children were divided into three groups: general anesthesia (GA) (n = 31), dental clinic (DC) (n = 31), and control (n = 33). ECOHIS was applied to the parents in the GA and DC groups during a pre-treatment period and also applied in the post-treatment in the first and sixth months. Height, weight, and BMI measurements of the children in the study groups were taken and recorded at the pre-treatment stage and in the post-treatment in the first and sixth months. However, for the control group, these measurements were made just at the baseline and in the sixth month. RESULTS Upon the treatment of ECC, the total ECOHIS score significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in both groups in the following first month, whereas the scores of the children in the GA group reached a similar level to the DC group at the end of the sixth month. Following treatment, the weight and height of the children with ECC who initially had significantly lower BMI percentiles than the control group (p = 0.008) were observed to increase and, thus, they reached a similar BMI percentile value to the control group in the sixth month. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study revealed that development and growth deficiencies in the children with ECC could be reversed rapidly by dental treatments and, thus, their quality of life would increase. The importance of treating ECC was revealed since treating ECC had positive effects both on the children's growth and development and on the quality of life of the children and their parents.
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Tabakcilar D, Peker K, Yilmaz DO, Kasimoglu Y, Tuna-Ince EB, Gencay K, Seymen F. Evaluation of the predictors of oral health-related quality of life among 3-5-year-old children with dental trauma. Braz Oral Res 2023; 36:e140. [PMID: 36651387 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of socio-demographic, clinical, and parental psychological factors on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and determined their predictors in preschool-aged children with traumatic dental injury (TDI). The study sample consisted of 324 dyads of children and their parents attending the Clinics of Pediatric Dentistry at Istanbul University. After clinical examination, the Sense of Coherence (SOC), Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale, and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale-MHLC questionnaires were administered to the parents. The statistical analyses included Spearman correlation coefficients, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, multiple linear regression, and confirmatory factor analysis. Having mixed TDI, a non-nuclear family, fewer children, and weak parental SOC were important predictors of worse overall OHRQoL and its sections of child and family. Lower internal health locus of control and dental pain due to TDI were predictors of worse overall OHRQoL and child impact, respectively. Consideration of these predictors may help oral health professionals to develop prevention and treatment programs for TDI and oral health literacy programs for families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Tabakcilar
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Peker
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Medical Science, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ozge Yilmaz
- Beykent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yelda Kasimoglu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Bahar Tuna-Ince
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Koray Gencay
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Seymen
- Altinbas University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Çarıkçıoğlu B. Impact of parental dental anxiety on the oral health-related quality of life of preschool children without negative dental experience. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:566-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Paula VACD, Faker K, Bendo CB, Tostes MA. Responsiveness of the B-ECOHIS to detect changes in OHRQoL following dental treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e079. [PMID: 35703705 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) is an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaire. This paper aims to investigate the responsiveness of the B-ECOHIS to dental treatment in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and determine if dental treatment has an impact on OHRQoL. The survey targeted 27 ASD individuals aged 4 to 14 years attending the Acolher Project of the University Federal Fluminense. This project provides children and adolescents with disabilities with oral health services. A group of randomly selected caregivers self-completed the B-ECOHIS before and 14 days after their children's dental treatment. The dental treatment included meticulous screening, preventive treatment, and restorative treatment. Responsiveness was assessed by investigating the effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM). Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate internal responsiveness (distribution-based approach). The B-ECOHIS showed significant changes in the total score (p<0.001) and in all domains. The ES of the total B-ECOHIS after treatment was 1.28 and ranged between 0.70 and 1.14 for the domains. The SRM for each of the domains was large, except for the symptom domain. The B-ECOHIS is sensitive and responsive to ASD individuals undergoing dental treatment. Individuals with ASD showed improvement in their OHRQoL score after dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khawana Faker
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, School of Dentistry , Department of Pediatric Dentistry , Niterói , RJ , Brazil
| | - Cristiane Baccin Bendo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, School of Dentistry , Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics , Belo Horizonte , MG , Brazil
| | - Mônica Almeida Tostes
- Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, School of Dentistry , Department of Pediatric Dentistry , Niterói , RJ , Brazil
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Mergen Gultekin I, Ozsin Ozler C, Serdar Eymirli P, Unal F, Atac AS. Cross-cultural adaptation of Turkish version of Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ). Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:519-526. [PMID: 34687592 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) is one of the scales used for evaluating the quality of life of children. Dental caries is an important factor affecting oral health-related quality of life. It was aimed to translate into Turkish and evaluate the psychometric properties of the P-CPQ with the evaluation of dental caries status of 6- to 14-year-old children. METHODS Children-parent pairs attending to paediatric dental clinic were involved. After the translation and adaptation of the scale, the data were collected from the parents with the Turkish version of the P-CPQ and a short questionnaire, and then, the intra-oral examination of the children was performed by a paediatric dentist. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 22.0 and SPSS AMOS 22. The significance level was 0.05. Confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity; and item analysis, item discrimination index and the Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient for reliability measurement were calculated. Discriminant validity was tested by comparing the median P-CPQ scores between children with caries experience and those without. RESULTS Totally, 312 children-parent pair (52.9% female) participants were involved. The mean age of participated children was 9.00 ± 1.89. P-CPQ score was calculated by summing the scores of all 31 items; the mean score of the parents was 18.8 ± 12.8. Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.87 and ranged from 0.680-0.795 for four subscales. The relationship between total and subscales was found to be statistically significant. Confirmatory factor analysis, item analysis and item discriminant index were approved. Model fit values were admissible. CONCLUSIONS Turkish version of P-CPQ was created, and it had good internal consistency reliability of subscales and found to be valid in 6- to 14-year-old children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cansu Ozsin Ozler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Serdar Eymirli
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Unal
- Middle East Technical University Data Management Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atilla S Atac
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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YARAN A, EGİL E. Çocuklarda ve Adölesanlarda Ağız Sağlığına Bağlı Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.792610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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İnönü-Sakallı N, Sakallı C, Tosun Ö, Akşit-Bıçak D. Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy on Oral Health in Children. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5550267. [PMID: 33884263 PMCID: PMC8041545 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5550267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the oral health of children in terms of the presence of dental caries, periodontal health, halitosis, and dentofacial changes in patients who had adenotonsillar hypertrophy related to mouth breathing and compared these findings with nasal breathing healthy and adenotonsillectomy-operated children. The patient group comprised 40 mouth-breathing children who were diagnosed with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, while the control group consisted of 40 nasal breathing children who had no adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Forty children who had undergone an adenotonsillectomy operation at least 1 year prior to the study were included in the treatment group. Oral examinations of all children were conducted, and the parents were asked about medical and dental anamnesis, demographic parameters, toothbrushing and nutrition habits, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and symptoms of their children. Demographic parameters, toothbrushing and nutrition habits, and the presence of bad oral habits did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). Adenotonsillectomy is associated with a remarkable improvement in symptoms; however, some symptoms persist in a small number of children. The salivary flow rate, dmft/s, DMFT/S index, plaque, and gingival index scores did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). The patient group showed higher rates of halitosis when compared with the treatment and control groups (p < 0.001). Mouth breathing due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy caused various dentofacial changes and an increase in Class II division 1 malocclusion (p < 0.001). It was shown that adenotonsillar hypertrophy does not negatively affect OHRQoL, it could be a risk factor for dental caries, periodontal diseases, and halitosis, but by ensuring adequate oral health care, it is possible to maintain oral health in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Also, it is recommended that orthodontic treatment should start as soon as possible if it is required. In this context, otorhinolaryngologists, pedodontists, and orthodontists should work as a team in the treatment of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilsu İnönü-Sakallı
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Near East University Faculty of Dentistry, Nicosia/ TRNC, 99138 Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Cemal Sakallı
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Near East University Training and Research Hospital, Nicosia/ TRNC, 99138 Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Özgür Tosun
- Department of Biostatistics, Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia/ TRNC, 99138 Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Damla Akşit-Bıçak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Near East University Faculty of Dentistry, Nicosia/ TRNC, 99138 Mersin 10, Turkey
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Behbahanirad A, Joulaei H, Jamali J, Golkari A, Bakhtiar M. Dimensional Structure of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:112-119. [PMID: 33753955 PMCID: PMC7966934 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2019.82060.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Detecting the latent dimensions of quality of life as affected by oral diseases is essential for promoting oral health in children. This study aimed to test the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) via an appropriate method to detect its dimensions of quality of life as affected by oral diseases. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in Shiraz, Iran, between 2014 and 2015. A multistage stratified design was used to select 830 parents or the guardians of primary school children aged six years. The Farsi version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (F-ECOHIS) was used to evaluate the children’s oral health-related quality of life. The parents were interviewed to collect data on ECOHIS. Mplus, version 7, was employed for descriptive and analytical analyses in the present study. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to extract and verify the latent dimensions of ECOHIS. Results: Out of the 830 invited parents or guardians, 801 participated in this study. The mean ECOHIS score was 21.95±7.45. The mean child impact score
and the mean family impact score were 14.25±5.72 and 7.70±3.62, respectively. EFA yielded a 3-factor model: symptom and function, social interaction,
and family impact. CFA confirmed the 3-dimensional model (root mean square error of approximation=0.045). The fit indices of the 1- and 2-dimensional models (the child and family domains) were not within the acceptable range. Conclusion: F-ECOHIS is a 3-dimensional model rather than the hypothetical 6-dimensional model. ECOHIS appears to be a useful scale for measuring the multidimensional impact of oral diseases in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghavan Behbahanirad
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Joulaei
- Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamshid Jamali
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Golkari
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Bakhtiar
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Montoya ALB, Knorst JK, Uribe IMP, González RAB, Ardenghi TM, Sánchez CCA. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Mexican version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:102. [PMID: 33743730 PMCID: PMC7981842 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Instruments adapted for the Mexican population to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschoolers remain lacking. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Mexican version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (M-ECOHIS). METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with preschool children from southern Mexico. The investigation was divided into a transcultural adaptation phase and a validation phase. The M-ECOHIS was completed by the children's guardians, and clinical data were also evaluated. Reliability was evaluated using tests of internal consistency and test-retest measures, while construct validity was assessed through Spearman's correlation coefficient between M-ECOHIS scores and self-reported oral health, and through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Construct validity was also evaluated through discriminant validity of the M-ECOHIS, which was determined according to questionnaire scores on oral health measures (e.g., dental caries). RESULTS A total of 303 preschool children participated in this study. Regarding internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha was > 0.78 for the child section, family section, and general M-ECOHIS. The general intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability was 0.95. The correlation between the scores obtained on the child and family impact sections was significant with the self-reported oral health status rating. In relation to CFA, all items of the M-ECOHIS confirmed the latent variables. Further, M-ECOHIS scores were associated with the presence of untreated dental caries, indicating that the questionnaire has good discriminant validity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the M-ECOHIS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the impact of oral health on quality of life in Mexican preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Klöckner Knorst
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária - 26F, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-372, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Machado Ardenghi
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária - 26F, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-372, Brazil.
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Leelataweewud P, Jirarattanasopha V, Ungchusak C, Vejvithee W. Psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (Th-ECOHIS): a cross sectional validation study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:64. [PMID: 33573657 PMCID: PMC7879657 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early childhood caries (ECC) is prevalent in Thailand, but no appropriate tool has been available to measure its impact on children’s quality of life. This study translated the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), a widely used proxy-reported questionnaire developed in the United States for measuring the oral health-related quality of life of preschool children and their families, into Thai (Th-ECOHIS). The scale’s psychometric properties were investigated in Thai caregivers and their children. Methods
Cultural adaptation for the scale development within the Thai context was processed using forward–backward translation by experts. A face and content validation was conducted among 20 Thai caregivers to attain the final Th-ECOHIS. Psychometric testing was done on 3-year-old child-caregiver pairs in Bangkok using the interviewer-administered mode. Children’s oral health was determined by caries experience (decayed, missing and filled primary teeth, dmft) and treatment need. The caregivers answered the Th-ECOHIS and global questions regarding their perception of the children’s oral health. Across-items reliability was assessed by internal consistency using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Test-retest reliability was managed at a 2-week interval in 10% of the sample using the intraclass correlation coefficient calculated by two-way analysis of variance. The discriminant validity was tested by the relationship between the severity of dental caries, treatment need and Th-ECOHIS scores, using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results A total of 214 child-caregiver pairs participated. Twenty-two percent had ECC (dmft 1–3) and 17.3% had severe ECC (dmft 4 or higher) with mean (SD) dmft 1.63 (2.92). All items in the original ECOHIS were retained in the Thai version. The test-retest reliability of Th-ECOHIS was 0.87; internal consistency was 0.85; the total Th-ECOHIS scores were significantly correlated with the global rating of oral health question (r = 0.604). Th-ECOHIS scores in both child and family impact sections and the total were significantly associated with the severity of caries (p < 0.001) and treatment need (p < 0.001). Conclusions Th-ECOHIS demonstrated good reliability and validity. It could be used on caregivers to assess the impacts of ECC on quality of life of Thai pre-school children and compared to other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattarawadee Leelataweewud
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, No. 6, Yothi Road, Ratchathewi District, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Varangkanar Jirarattanasopha
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, No. 6, Yothi Road, Ratchathewi District, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Chantana Ungchusak
- Bureau of Dental Health, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, No. 88/22, Tiwanond Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Vejvithee
- Bureau of Dental Health, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, No. 88/22, Tiwanond Road, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
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Duruk G, Kuru R, Özkan AS. Impact of Dental Rehabilitation Under General Anesthesia on Oral Health-Related Quality-of-Life and Dental Anxiety in Turkish Children. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2021.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Rai A, Kumari M, Kumar T, Rai S, Gupta H, Singh R. Analytical study of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and maxillofacial deformity in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. J Med Life 2021; 14:21-31. [PMID: 33767781 PMCID: PMC7982255 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients whose with facial appearance involves dental anomalies and malocclusion face an increased prevalence of various psychosocial problems such as a high level of social anxiety, social avoidance, and low quality of life. This study investigates the patients with craniofacial anomalies and their psychological adjustment concerning the facial and dental appearance. It also evaluates the expectations of this patient group from the orthodontic treatment. Two steps were done in this study. In the first step, translation and validation of the Derriford Appearance Scale (DAS59), The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ), and Patient Expectation from the Orthodontic Treatment (PEOTQ) questionnaires into Maithili were done, and then the main study was conducted using these valid questionnaires. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on the patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies visiting the orthodontics department of Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna (Bihar). All the patients received the Maithili DAS, Maithili PIDAQ and Patients' Expectation from the orthodontic treatment questionnaires. The Maithili version of DAS59, PIDAQ and PEOTQ were developed with outstanding reliability and validity. A significant difference between PIDAQ (p<0.001) and DAS59 scores (p<0.001) was found. In females, the total PIDAQ score was significantly higher as compared to males, but there was no association of DAS scores with gender. Place of residence showed no association with PIDAQ and DAS59 scores in patients. Patients and controls had significant differences between various items, and a comparison was made in terms of expectation from the orthodontic treatment. Altered facial and dental appearance in patients with craniofacial anomalies showed a significant psychological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Rai
- Department of Orthodontics, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Bankipore, Patna, India
| | - Minti Kumari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Tanoj Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Shweta Rai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Himali Gupta
- Department of Orthodontics, KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Singh
- Department of Orthodontics, KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sheen MH, Hsiao SY, Huang ST. Translation and validation of Taiwanese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). J Dent Sci 2020; 15:513-518. [PMID: 33505624 PMCID: PMC7816025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Treating and preventing dental caries in children have been major health concerns in Taiwan. However, little discussion on oral health-related quality of life in Taiwanese preschooler exists. This study aimed to construct and validate a Taiwanese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) for preschool children in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Taiwanese version of the ECOHIS was developed using the forward-backward translation method. Our study population (n = 251) comprised children aged 3-6 years old. Parents of the children signed informed consent and self-completed ECOHIS. Data were analyzed for internal reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and item-to-total correlation was determined. Criterion validity was tested for the relationship between ECOHIS scores and caries experience (dmft). A multiple linear regression model was used to assess the independent variables of the ECOHIS. RESULTS Cronbach's alpha for the total score of the Taiwanese version of ECOHIS was 0.76. The validity of the ECOHIS was tested, and scores of both the total scale and family impact section were found to be statistically significantly related to dmft (P < 0.005). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that with an increase in dmft, the total score of the ECOHIS significantly increased (95% CI = 0.22-0.63, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The Taiwanese version of the ECOHIS is a valid and reliable tool to assess the oral health-related effect on 3- to 6-year-old children in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsuan Sheen
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Special Care Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Hsiao
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Special Care Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Te Huang
- Division of Special Care Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Perazzo MF, Martins-Júnior PA, Abreu LG, Mattos FF, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM. Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life of Pre-School Children: Review and Perspectives for New Instruments. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:568-581. [PMID: 33237227 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202003871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe different approaches for the evaluation of the Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children and to discuss perspectives for future instruments. The OHRQoL is a concept that surpasses an exclusively clinical perception and includes functional, social, emotional, and environmental issues. The measure of OHRQoL represents a holistic approach for researchers and clinicians extending their visions beyond the mouth and understanding the entire context of the patient. Negative impacts of oral conditions on OHRQoL in childhood can reflect on health development, especially in a life stage marked by social and cognitive maturation. Instruments have been developed and cross-culturally adapted to evaluate the impact of oral conditions on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their families. Some features distinguish these instruments and influence their selection, such as: self- or proxy-report; generic- or specific-condition; long- or short-form, and less or more established used in literature. Moreover, theoretical framework, construct validation and availability should also be considered. Nine OHRQoL instruments for preschool children were included in the present literature review. They were created between 2003 and 2017 by developed countries in most cases. The shorter instrument has five items, and the larger has 31 items. Most of them are proxy-reported, generic-condition, and have been relatively well established in the literature. The diversity of instruments indicates the evolution of OHRQoL studies, but there are methodological issues still in need to be improved in future developments or cross-cultural adaptations, according to current psychometric evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus França Perazzo
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávio Freitas Mattos
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Isabela Almeida Pordeus
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Ozsin Ozler C, Cocco P, Cakir B. Dental caries and quality of life among preschool children: a hospital-based nested case-control study. Br Dent J 2020:10.1038/s41415-020-2317-9. [PMID: 33244147 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Oral health-related quality of life is a reflection of general health and wellbeing; related problems stand as major public health issues.Aim To investigate the potential association between dental caries and quality of life (QoL) among children aged 5-6 years old.Materials and methods Oral examination of 310 children admitted to a paediatric dentistry clinic was performed by using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS-II) and the QoL was assessed using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale. A nested case-control study was conducted with all 104 QoL-unaffected children as the controls and a random sample of 104 QoL-affected children as the cases. Relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) values were calculated to interpret potential associations.Results Gender distribution was similar by case controls (52.9% vs 51.0% were females, respectively). Early childhood caries (ECC) was detected in 78.8% of cases and 19.2% of controls. In binary analysis of the QoL (with a cutpoint of 2), low parental education, having a sibling, dental visit history for complaints and irregular/no toothbrushing were detected as significant predictors of poor QoL (p value <0.001). The RR of negative impact on QoL was fourfold (95% CI 2.64-5.69) among children having ECC, revealing a significant upward trend of impaired QoL with increasing ICDAS-II scores (t = 13.323; p value <0.001).Conclusion All patients should be evaluated thoroughly for social and psychological problems, besides functional and aesthetic in dental visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Ozsin Ozler
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Ankara, 06230, Turkey.
| | - Pierluigi Cocco
- University of Cagliari, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Monserrato, 09042, Italy
| | - Banu Cakir
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
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Oral Health Related Quality of Life and its Association with Dental Caries of Preschool Children in Urban and Rural Areas of India. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020; 44:154-160. [PMID: 32644895 DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-44.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In early childhood due to dental neglect, children suffer from multiple decayed teeth and experience pain, interfering with their daily activities. This study aimed to assess Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of preschool children in urban and rural Bangalore, and to correlate it with their dental caries status. Study design: Oral health examination of 1545 preschool children, aged 3 to 5 years were selected from urban and rural Bangalore. The parents answered the Oral Health-Related Early Childhood Quality of Life OH-ECQOL proforma on OHRQoL of their children. Results: The mean OHRQoL of urban preschool children was 17.86 and was significantly different from 20.42 of rural preschool children. (p<0.001). The mean deft score was 2.60±2.26 in rural preschool children and it was significantly higher than 1.92±2.05 seen in urban preschool children (p< 0.001). A significant correlation was seen between dental caries (deft) and OHRQoL in urban preschool children (p=0.04). Their OHRQoL was significantly associated with the 'decayed' component.(p=0.03) Multiple regression analysis showed OHRQoL to be significantly associated with dental caries. Conclusion: OHRQoL among preschool children living in urban Bangalore was found to be better than those in rural Bangalore.
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Contaldo M, Della Vella F, Raimondo E, Minervini G, Buljubasic M, Ogodescu A, Sinescu C, Serpico R. Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS): Literature review and Italian validation. Int J Dent Hyg 2020; 18:396-402. [PMID: 32594620 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is a questionnaire to elucidate the relationship between parental perception of the quality of life of their preschool children and their oral health status. Aim of the present work was to validate an Italian ECOHIS version and review the literature. METHODS After adapting the original ECOHIS questionnaire from English to Italian (I-ECOHIS), I-ECOHIS was administered to parents of children afferent to the Dental Clinic of the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," regardless of age. Children under 6 years of age underwent anamnestic survey and physical examination, to correlate the dmft index with the ECOHIS score. RESULTS 366 children have come to our observation. I-ECOHIS was administered to all parents to establish its comprehensibility. 87 children (44 females and 43 males) under 6 years (5.2 ± 1.4 years) underwent dmft evaluation to determine I-ECOHIS/oral health status correlation. Among the 87 children examined, the higher total score reached was 25/50. ANOVA analysis confirmed statistically significant correlations between ECOHIS score and dmft = 0 vs dmft equal/higher than 4. CONCLUSION The present pilot study validated the I-ECOHIS questionnaire and revealed to be a good tool to distinguish children without caries experience from those with a high dmft. However, it was not correlated with the intermediate dmft level, thus confirming the importance of screening for caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fedora Della Vella
- Interdisciplinar Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Raimondo
- Interdisciplinar Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Merima Buljubasic
- Faculty of Dentistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Ogodescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cosmin Sinescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Rosario Serpico
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Taoufik K, Divaris K, Kavvadia K, Koletsi-Kounari H, Polychronopoulou A. Development and Validation of the Greek version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Open Dent J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602014010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The oral health of preschool-age children can affect their quality of life (QoL) as well their families. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is a reliable instrument that has been used to assess the impact of oral health problems and their treatment on the QoL of preschool-age children and their families’.
Objective:
To report the development, evaluation and psychometric properties of the Greek version of ECOHIS (Gr-ECOHIS).
Methods:
Participants of this cross-sectional study were 176 mothers and their young (aged 25-71 months) children, patients of a private pediatric dental practice. During a structured interview, they completed a questionnaire, including a translated, Greek language version of the ECOHIS. Data on children’s oral health were obtained via clinical examinations. The psychometric properties of Gr-ECOHIS evaluated were reliability (internal and test-retest) and construct (convergent and discriminant) validity. Test-retest reliability was determined in an independent sample of 20 mother-child dyads, who completed the Gr-ECOHIS twice within a two-week interval.
Results:
The scale showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.85) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient= 0.97). Gr-ECOHIS showed a strong correlation with dental caries (Spearman’s rho=0.62, p<0.0005) and dental treatment needs. Gr-ECOHIS was also positively associated with dental knowledge, health literacy and parental oral health-related QoL.
Conclusion
The Gr-ECOHIS is a psychometrically reliable and valid Greek language QoL instrument, which demonstrated significant associations with clinical and parent-reported measures of early childhood oral health. As such, it can be used to measure oral health-related QoL among preschool-age children in clinical and public health settings.
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Buldur B, Güvendi ON. Conceptual modelling of the factors affecting oral health-related quality of life in children: A path analysis. Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 30:181-192. [PMID: 31622504 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to understand the interaction of various predictors with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) to better design effective interventions to improve OHRQoL. AIM The aim of this study was to develop and validate a conceptual model evaluating the factors affecting the OHRQoL in children. DESIGN The study group consisted of 754 parent-child dyads. The data collection tools were a socio-demographic data form, the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (C-DAS), Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), and an oral and dental health examination form. A conceptual model was developed to examine the factors affecting OHRQoL in children consisting of four endogenous and four exogenous variables. Path analysis was used to test the compatibility of the conceptual model. RESULTS OHRQoL was associated with parental socio-economic status (β = -0.12; P < .001), dental anxiety (β = -0.15; P < .001), and oral health behaviours (β = -0.13; P < .001). Although parental dental anxiety had the strongest direct effect on OHRQoL, children's oral health behaviours had the strongest indirect effect. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a valid demonstrable path of association between parental socio-economic status, dental anxiety, childhood dental anxiety, oral health behaviours, and OHRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Buldur
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ozge Nur Güvendi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Randrianarivony J, Ravelomanantsoa JJ, Razanamihaja N. Evaluation of the reliability and validity of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) questionnaire translated into Malagasy. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:39. [PMID: 32093708 PMCID: PMC7038613 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was developed to assess the impact of oral health conditions on the quality of life of preschool children and theirs families. The ECOHIS was originally developed in English language, translated and validated in several countries but no validated transcultural version of this questionnaire is currently available in Madagascar. The objectives of this cross-cultural study were to translate, validate and analyse the psychometric properties of the Malagasy version of ECOHIS. Method The translation followed the forward-backward translation process. The Malagasy version obtained was pre-tested on ten mothers. Then, the questionnaire was administered by interview to 150 parents/guardians of children aged 3 to 5 years old frequenting two nursery schools in the town of Mahajanga to evaluate the reliability and validity of its psychometric characteristics. Reliability was assessed by the test-retest procedure with an interval of 15 days by using the intra-class correlation (ICC). Internal consistency was tested by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The validity of construct, discriminant and criterion were evaluated. Construct validity was evaluated by Spearman rank correlation and tested using exploratory factor analysis and partial confirmatory factor analysis. Discriminant validity was tested between groups of children presenting consequences of untreated decayed teeth. Clinical examination was performed using the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) and the pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, abscess (pufa) indices for assessing dental caries and consequences of untreated decayed teeth. Results The cultural adaptation showed that the respondents understood the questions. The intraclass correlation coefficient for test retest was 0.91. The internal consistency demonstrated a good reliability of the Malagasy-ECOHIS version with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.88. The convergent validity evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficients provided positive and significant correlation values between all the items ranging from 0.26 to 0.72. Significant associations between the ECOHIS scores and the global rating of oral health supported the validity of the construct. Convergent and discriminant validity were obtained by testing the association of ECOHIS scores on the child and family sections with poor parental ratings of their child’s oral health, high caries experience and untreated decayed teeth consequences which were to be statistically significant. Conclusion The results showed that this Malagasy version of ECOHIS questionnaire has shown good psychometric properties and could be used on Malagasy parents of preschool children to measure the impact of oral health status on the child and family quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noeline Razanamihaja
- EDNES/University of Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar.,University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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Dolah S, Eusufzai SZ, Alam MK, Ahmad WMAW. Factors Influencing Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Preschool Children in District of Kota Bharu, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2020.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ghanghas M, Manjunath BC, Kumar A, Shyam R, Phogat R, Panghal V. Validation of the Hindi version of the early childhood oral health impact scale among 3-5-year-old preschool children in Rohtak city, Haryana. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2019; 37:333-338. [PMID: 31710006 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_128_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) has been developed for assessing oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the preschool children and translated and validated in different languages to conform to their cultures. This tool has not been validated in Hindi for use among Indian preschool children till now. Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess the validity of the Hindi version of the ECOHIS among 3-5-year-old preschool children in Rohtak city, Haryana. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Hindi version of the ECOHIS was developed through standardized forward-backward linguistic translation method. It was tested for validity and reliability among 469 parents and their children after obtaining informed consent. Construct validity of the measure was assessed by correlating ECOHIS score to dental caries experience (deft). For internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha was determined. A subsample of the parents repeated the ratings of the measure to enable test-retest reliability assessments. RESULTS Construct validity was r = 0.298. Reliability of the questionnaire was 0.873 (Cronbach's alpha), and test-retest reliability as assessed by intraclass correlation value was 0.91. CONCLUSIONS The Hindi version of the ECOHIS is a valid instrument for assessing OHRQoL in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Ghanghas
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - B C Manjunath
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Radhey Shyam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Ritu Phogat
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Vikram Panghal
- Department of Prosthodontics, SPPGIMS, Dr. RML Avadh University, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Association between Early Childhood Caries and Quality of Life: Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale and Pufa Index. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7040095. [PMID: 31557850 PMCID: PMC6960758 DOI: 10.3390/dj7040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) are one of the major oral diseases affecting children. ECC adversely affects the children’s as well as their parent/caregivers quality of life. The present study aims to assess the quality of life in children with Early Childhood Caries aged 6–72 months using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale. It also aims to compare the quality of life between children with pufa scores of > 0 and a pufa score = 0. A total of 238 children aged 6 months to 72 months with ECC and their parent/caregiver were included in the present study. Oral examinations of the children were performed by the principal examiner using the defs and pufa index, which was followed by a personal interview of the 13 items in the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact scale among the 238 parents/caregivers. The results showed that, overall, Early Childhood Caries have a negative impact on children’s quality of life, as assessed by the parent/caregiver. The overall Early Childhood Oral Health Impact scale score ranged from 0–32 (mean ± SD, 14.12 ± 6.72). Children with a pufa score > 0 (mean ± SD, 16.14 ± 6.27, p < 0.001) have significantly lower quality of life than children with pufa score = 0 (mean ± SD, 9.07 ± 4.94, p < 0.001). Early Childhood Caries had a negative impact on the quality of life of children aged 6–72 months. Children with a pufa score of “0” had better oral health-related quality of life than children with a pufa score > 0.
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The German version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-G): translation, reliability, and validity. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:4449-4454. [PMID: 30993536 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02893-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to develop a German version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), a measure of oral health-related quality of life in pre-school-age children, and to assess the instrument's reliability and validity. METHODS The original English version of the ECOHIS questionnaire was translated into German (ECOHIS-G) by a forward-backward translation method. A total of 336 children aged 0 to 5 years and their caregivers who were recruited at the Department of Paediatric Dentistry in Vienna, Austria, participated in this study. The caregivers completed the ECOHIS-G and their children were clinically examined for the presence of dental caries and plaque accumulation. Reliability of ECOHIS was investigated in a subsample of 59 subjects after 3 weeks. RESULTS Questionnaire summary score test-retest reliability was 0.81 (intraclass correlation coefficient, 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.68 to 0.89) and internal consistency was 0.83 (Cronbach's alpha, lower limit of the 95% CI 0.80). Validity of the ECOHIS-G questionnaire was supported by correlation coefficients with global ratings of oral health of - 0.42 (95% CI - 0.45 to - 0.35) and overall well-being of - 0.29 (95% CI - 0.34 to - 0.22) which met the expectations. Mean ECOHIS-G scores were statistically significantly higher in children with caries compared with caries-free children. CONCLUSIONS The German version of the ECHOHIS was found to be reliable and valid in children aged 0 to 5 years. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings enable assessments of oral health-related quality of life in German-speaking pre-school children.
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Zaror C, Atala-Acevedo C, Espinoza-Espinoza G, Muñoz-Millán P, Muñoz S, Martínez-Zapata MJ, Ferrer M. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) in chilean population. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16:232. [PMID: 30554568 PMCID: PMC6296046 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-018-1057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) measures the impact of dental diseases on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life both in children and their families. The aim of this study was to develop a Chilean Spanish version of the ECOHIS that is conceptually equivalent to the original and to assess its acceptability, reliability and validity in the preschool population of Chile. Methods The Chilean version of the ECOHIS was obtained through a process including forward and back-translation, expert panel, and cognitive debriefing interviews. To assess metric properties, a cross-sectional study was carried out in Carahue, Southern Chile (April–October 2016). Children younger than six years old without systemic diseases, disabilities or chronic medication from eleven public preschools were included. Parents were invited to complete the Chilean version of the ECOHIS, PedsQL™4.0 Generic Core and PedsQL Oral Health scales, and to answer global questions about their children’s general and oral health. A subsample was administrated ECOHIS a second time 14–21 days after. A clinical examination was performed to assess dental caries, malocclusion, and traumatic dental injuries. Reliability was evaluated using measures of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and reproducibility (Intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC). Construct validity was assessed by testing hypotheses based on available evidence about known groups and relationships between different instruments. Results The content comparison of the back-translation with the original ECOHIS showed that all items except one were conceptually and linguistically equivalent. The cognitive debriefing showed a suitable understanding of the Chilean version by the parents. In the total sample (n = 302), the ECOHIS total score median was 1 (IQR 6), floor effect was 41.6%, and ceiling effect 0%. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.89 and the ICC was 0.84. The correlation between ECOHIS and PedsQL™4.0 Generic Core was weak (r = 0.21), while it was strong-moderate (r = 0.64) with the PedsQL Oral Health scale. In the known groups comparison, the ECOHIS total score was statistically higher in children with poor than excellent/very good oral health (median 11.6 vs 0, p < 0.01), and in the high severity than in the caries-free group (median 8 vs 0.5, p < 0.01). No differences were found according to malocclusion and traumatic dental injuries groups. Conclusions These results supported the feasibility, reliability and validity of the Chilean version of ECOHIS questionnaire for preschool children through proxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zaror
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Manuel Montt, 112, Temuco, Chile. .,Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Claudia Atala-Acevedo
- Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gerardo Espinoza-Espinoza
- Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricia Muñoz-Millán
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Manuel Montt, 112, Temuco, Chile.,Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María José Martínez-Zapata
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montse Ferrer
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. .,Health Services Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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Rebouças AP, Bendo CB, Abreu LG, Lages EMB, Flores-Mir C, Paiva SM. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Impact of Fixed Appliances Measure questionnaire in Brazil. Braz Oral Res 2018. [PMID: 29538478 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the condition-specific instrument Impact of Fixed Appliances Measure (IFAM), assessing its validity and reliability for use among Brazilian children/adolescents. The IFAM was translated, back-translated, cross-culturally adapted, and pilot-tested. The Brazilian version of the IFAM (B-IFAM) was tested on 161 10-to-18-year-old children/adolescents. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α) and test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was conducted using Pearson correlation among the overall and subscales of the B-IFAM. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparisons of B-IFAM's means and SD with children's/adolescents' sex (Student t-test). Internal consistency was 0.89 for overall score and 0.55-0.86 for subscales. ICC for test-retest reliability was 0.81 for overall score and 0.55-0.78 for subscales. The overall score of the B-IFAM presented large correlation coefficients with most subscales (r = 0.52-0.74), supporting construct validity. Discriminant validity demonstrated statistically significant difference in the overall score, aesthetics, and physical impact subscales among female and male children's/adolescents' (p < 0.05). In the conclusion, the B-IFAM overall score and some subscales demonstrated adequate psychometric properties regarding reliability and validity. The study achieved a specific-condition instrument feasible for use on Brazilian children/adolescents who wear fixed orthodontic appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Rebouças
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Baccin Bendo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Maria Bastos Lages
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Flores-Mir
- University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Yazıcıoğlu İ, Jones J, Doğan C, Rich S, Garcia RI. Validity and reliability of a Turkish pediatric oral health-related quality of life measure. Eur Oral Res 2018; 52:27-35. [PMID: 30574596 PMCID: PMC6300126 DOI: 10.26650/eor.2018.53923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to develop Turkish measures for Pediatric Oral Health-related Quality of Life (POQL) and evaluate their reliability and validity for use in Turkish children aged 8–14 years (Child Self-Report measure; CSR) and their caregivers (Parent Report-on-Child measure; PRC). Materials and methods The English POQL was translated into Turkish, adapted for the Turkish culture, and tested in 149 children and their caregivers attending the Çukurova University Pediatric Dentistry clinics to assess the reliability, internal consistency, and discriminant and convergent validity of the Turkish version. Results The internal consistency of the Turkish POQL evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha was 0.905 for CSR and 0.887 for PRC. To determine the test–retest reliability, the Turkish POQL was administered to a sub-sample (n=16) a second time 2 weeks after the first survey administration. Intraclass correlation coefficient values of the individual items were 0.895 for CSR and 0.992 for PRC. For total scores, there was a significant difference based on clinical caries status and perceived oral health in both CSR and PRC. Conclusion The Turkish POQL is a valid and reliable measure of the perceived impact of oral conditions on children’s lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- İffet Yazıcıoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Çukurova University, Faculty of Dentistry, Adana, Turkey
| | - Judith Jones
- Department of General Dentistry, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cem Doğan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Çukurova University, Faculty of Dentistry, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sharon Rich
- Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raul I Garcia
- Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, El-Housseiny AA, Damanhouri WH, Farsi NM. Responsiveness of the Arabic version of the ECOHIS to dental rehabilitation under general anaesthesia. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018; 28:52-61. [PMID: 28514525 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Arabic version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS) has been validated, but its ability to detect change was not tested. AIM To evaluate the responsiveness of the A-ECOHIS to dental rehabilitation under general anaesthesia (DRGA). DESIGN A consecutive sample of 131 parents of children aged 6 years or younger, scheduled for DRGA were recruited from three public hospitals. The parents completed the A-ECOHIS before and 4 weeks following DRGA. The responsiveness of the A-ECOHIS was assessed by evaluating changes in scores before and after DRGA, and by measuring the change in scores in relation to the global question. RESULTS The A-ECOHIS scores were higher among parents who reported poor oral health on the global question than those reporting better oral health (P = 0.001). There was a significant reduction in the scores at follow-up (P < 0.001). The effect size was 1.5 for the total scale, and 1.3 and 1.6 for the child and family impacts, respectively. After DRGA, the child and family impact section scores decreased by 78.6% and 77.9%, respectively. The majority of parents reported improvement in children's overall oral health-related quality of life post-operatively (94%). CONCLUSION The A-ECOHIS was responsive to DRGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema J Farsi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A El-Housseiny
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Najat M Farsi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Novaes TF, Pontes LRA, Freitas JG, Acosta CP, Andrade KCE, Guedes RS, Ardenghi TM, Imparato JCP, Braga MM, Raggio DP, Mendes FM. Responsiveness of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is related to dental treatment complexity. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:182. [PMID: 28931398 PMCID: PMC5608161 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The responsiveness of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) has varied greatly across studies; hence, we hypothesized that this discrepancy could be related to the complexity of dental treatment received. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of the ECOHIS to changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) following dental treatments of varying complexity in preschool children. METHODS Preschool children aged 3 to 6 years were selected; their parents responded to the ECOHIS at baseline. The parents responded to the ECOHIS again and a global transition question 30 days after the children were treated. The type of treatment received by the children was categorized according to complexity, as follows: 1) non-operative treatment only, 2) restorative treatment, and 3) endodontic treatment and/or tooth extraction. Change scores and effect sizes (ES) were calculated for total scores, as well as considering the different treatment types and global transition question responses. RESULTS Of the 152 children who completed the study, the ECOHIS yielded large ES for total scores (0.89). The children showed increasing ES values associated with better perception of improvement, assessed by the global transition question. The magnitude of ES after treatment was related to treatment complexity (0.53, 0.92 and 1.43, for children who received non-operative treatment only, restorative treatment, and endodontic treatment and/or tooth extraction, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Parents whose children required more complex dental treatment are more likely to perceive treatment-related changes to OHRQoL assessed with the ECOHIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane F Novaes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Regina A Pontes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia G Freitas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina P Acosta
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renata S Guedes
- School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário Franciscano, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Ardenghi
- Departament of Stomatology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - José Carlos P Imparato
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Braga
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Raggio
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Fausto M Mendes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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Farsi NJ, El-Housseiny AA, Farsi DJ, Farsi NM. Validation of the Arabic Version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). BMC Oral Health 2017; 17:60. [PMID: 28245876 PMCID: PMC5331632 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of the adverse effects of oral health problems on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is essential to ensure the well-being of children. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is an instrument that was designed to assess caregivers' perceptions of OHRQoL in preschool children. Although it has been translated into many languages, it has yet to be validated in Arabic. Therefore, this study aimed to translate this questionnaire to Arabic (A-ECOHIS) and test its psychometric properties. METHODS Questionnaire responses from three samples of caregivers of preschool children ≤ 6 years of age were collected: (i) community-based (n = 422), from preschools selected as a stratified random sample; (ii) clinic-based, from those seeking pediatric dental care at a university clinic (n = 246); and (iii) a test-retest sample (n = 68), a clinic-based group of caregivers who completed questionnaires twice about siblings who were not receiving dental care. Children received a dental examination to assess their decayed, missed, filled teeth (dmft) scores. Convergent validity was evaluated by assessing the A-ECOHIS scores in relation to the response to a global question. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparing the scores of children with varying levels of oral disease. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha, and the test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs). RESULTS The A-ECOHIS scores of the questionnaire sections and the global oral health rating were significantly correlated; Spearman correlation coefficients were, r = 0.55, P ≤ 0.01 (overall score), r = 0.54, P ≤ 0.01 (child section), and r = 0.51, P ≤ 0.01 (family section). The mean A-ECOHIS scores were also statistically significantly higher in children with higher dmft scores compared with lower dmft, and in the clinic-based sample compared with the community sample. The Cronbach's alpha value of the the child, family sections and overall questionnaire were, 0.80, 0.78, and 0.85, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of A-ECOHIS was 0.86. CONCLUSION The A-ECOHIS performed well on all psychometric tests to which it was applied. Thus, it is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in Arabic-speaking caregivers of preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J. Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza A. El-Housseiny
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Deema J. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat M. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Chao Z, Gui Jin H, Cong Y. The effect of general anesthesia for ambulatory dental treatment on children in Chongqing, Southwest China. Paediatr Anaesth 2017; 27:98-105. [PMID: 27779347 DOI: 10.1111/pan.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of early childhood caries shows a significant increasing trend. Often, children younger than 6 years need additional help to finish the dental treatment. Therefore, general anesthesia (GA) could help to provide a successful environment for pediatric dental treatment. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dental treatment under general anesthesia (DGA) on the patients' oral health in Chongqing, Southwest China using the P-CPQ and the FIS questionnaires. METHODS We collected the hospital's records of the children who received DGA from 2013 to 2014 and the questionnaires answered by their parents or caregivers before and after the treatment. Then the data were integrated and analyzed to assess the effect of DGA on the children and their family, the incidence of the complications during or after DGA, and the satisfaction of their parents. RESULTS We collected 659 patients' records including 55.4% boys and 44.6% girls. There were 443 children younger than 4 years, and 216 children older than 4 years. The main reason why they chose DGA was the patients' fear for the treatment (95.1%). The mean cost of DGA almost reached a half (61.5%) or a third (15.3%) of the family's monthly earning. The mean P-CPQ score and FIS score significantly decreased after DGA. The highest incidence of complications was emergence agitation, headache, and nausea/vomiting. The incidence of emergence agitation and headache was related to the operation time. The majority of families reported a high degree of satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Children's oral health-related quality of life after DGA improved significantly. Meanwhile DGA showed a positive effect on the whole family and majority of families reported a high degree of satisfaction to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Chao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huang Gui Jin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Cong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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FERREIRA MC, RAMOS-JORGE ML, MARQUES LS, FERREIRA FDO. Dental caries and quality of life of preschool children: discriminant validity of the ECOHIS. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e24. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Naidu R, Nunn J, Donnelly-Swift E. Oral health-related quality of life and early childhood caries among preschool children in Trinidad. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:128. [PMID: 27923355 PMCID: PMC5142136 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early childhood caries (ECC) is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and ECC among preschool children in a Caribbean population. Method Parents/primary caregivers of children attending nine, randomly selected preschools in central Trinidad were invited to complete an oral health questionnaire and have their child undertake an oral examination. The questionnaire included the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Visible caries experience was assessed using WHO criteria. Logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with OHRQoL and ECC. Results Three hundred nine parents/caregivers participated in the study (age-range 25–44 years) and 251 children (mean age 3.7 years) completed oral examinations. Adjusting for other factors, the odds for a child aged 4 years of having dental caries were greater than the odds for a child aged 3 years (OR 3.61; 95% CI (1.76, 6.83). The odds for children having difficulty drinking hot or cold drinks were greater for those with dental caries than the odds for children who have no such difficulty. Similarly, the odds for children who had difficulty eating were greater for those with dental caries than the odds ratios for children who had no difficulty eating (OR 8.29; 95% CI (2.00, 43.49). Adjusting for the effects of other factors, the odds of parents/caregivers feeling guilty were greater if their child had experienced dental caries in comparison to parents/caregivers whose child did not have dental caries (OR 3.50; 95% CI (1.32, 9.60). Adjusting for other factors, the odds of parents/primary caregivers having poor quality of life was increased when they had a child with a dmft in the range 1–3 (OR 2.68; 95% CI (1.30, 5.64) dmft > 4 (OR 8.58; 95%CI (3.71, 22.45), in comparison to those whose child had a dmft = 0. Conclusion In this sample of preschool children OHRQoL was associated with ECC. More negative impacts were found in children with a greater severity of visible caries experience. This suggests the need for strategies to prevent and manage ECC in this Caribbean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Naidu
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - June Nunn
- School of Dental Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Abanto J, Paiva SM, Sheiham A, Tsakos G, Mendes FM, Cordeschi T, Vidigal EA, Bönecker M. Changes in preschool children's OHRQoL after treatment of dental caries: responsiveness of the B-ECOHIS. Int J Paediatr Dent 2016; 26:259-65. [PMID: 26370072 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) measures should be tested for responsiveness to change if they are to be used as outcomes in randomized clinical trials. AIM To assess the responsiveness of the Brazilian ECOHIS (B-ECOHIS) to dental treatment of dental caries. METHODS One hundred parents of 3- to 5-year-old children completed the B-ECOHIS prior to their children's treatment and 7-14 days after completion of treatment. The post-treatment questionnaire also included a global transition judgment that assessed parent's perceptions of change in their children's oral health following treatment. Change scores, longitudinal construct validity, standardized effect sizes (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM) were calculated. RESULTS Improvements in children's oral health after treatment were reflected in mean pre- and post-treatment B-ECOHIS scores. They declined considerably significantly from 17.4 to 1.6 (P < 0.0001), as did the individual domain scores (P < 0.0001). There were significant differences in the pre- and post-treatment scores of children who reported little improvement (P < 0.0001) as well as in those who reported large improvements (P < 0.0001). The ES and SRM based on change scores mean for total scores and for categories of global transitions judgments were large. CONCLUSIONS Dental treatment resulted in significant improvement of the preschool children's OHRQoL. The B-ECOHIS is responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Abanto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aubrey Sheiham
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
| | - Fausto Medeiros Mendes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Cordeschi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Alvarez Vidigal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bönecker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hashim AN, Yusof ZYM, Esa R. The Malay version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (Malay-ECOHIS)--assessing validity and reliability. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2015; 13:190. [PMID: 26607665 PMCID: PMC4660630 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-015-0386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is used to assess oral impacts on the quality of life of preschool aged children and their families. The objective of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the ECOHIS into Malay and assess its psychometric properties. METHODS The cross-cultural adaptation of ECOHIS into Malay comprised of translating the ECOHIS into the Malay language (Malay-ECOHIS) by experts followed by face validation of the Malay-ECOHIS by a group of mothers. The Malay-ECOHIS was back translated into English and this was compared with the original ECOHIS. Minor changes were made to the Malay-ECOHIS before it was finalised. The Malay-ECOHIS' psychometric properties were assessed in terms of construct, convergent and discriminant validity as well as internal and test-retest reliability based on two separate studies involving 127 parents of 4-6 year old preschool children followed by oral examinations of 860 preschool children from 25 kindergartens from two districts in Selangor state, Malaysia. Non-parametric statistics were used to assess the relationships between the Malay-ECOHIS and the subjective and clinical outcome measures. RESULTS The Cronbach's alpha was 0.83 and the weighted Kappa was 0.95 (intraclass correlation = 0.94). The Malay-ECOHIS demonstrated significant associations with different subjective and normative measures, i.e. levels of oral health satisfaction, perceived oral health status, perceived oral health need, toothache experience, pattern of dental attendance, and caries status of preschool children. These significant associations supported its construct, convergent and discriminant validity as well as internal and test-retest reliability. CONCLUSION This study showed that the Malay-ECOHIS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the negative impacts of oral disorders/conditions on the quality of life of 4-6 year old preschool children and their families in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azlina N Hashim
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Zamros Y M Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rashidah Esa
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Singh VP, Singh R. Translation and validation of a Nepalese version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ). J Orthod 2015; 41:6-12. [PMID: 24671284 DOI: 10.1179/1465313313y.0000000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a reliable and valid Nepali version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ). DESIGN Cross-sectional descriptive validation study. SETTINGS B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. METHODS A rigorous translation process including conceptual and semantic evaluation, translation, back translation and pre-testing was carried out. Two hundred and fifty-two undergraduates, including equal numbers of males and females with an age ranging from 18 to 29 years (mean age: 22·33±2·114 years), participated in this study. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the coefficient of correlation was used to assess correlation between items and test-retest reliability. The construct validity was tested by factorial analysis. Convergent construct validity was tested by comparison of PIDAQ scores with the aesthetic component of the index of orthodontic treatment needs (IOTN-AC) and perception of occlusion scale (POS), respectively. Discriminant construct validity was assessed by differences in score for those who demand treatment and those who did not. RESULTS The response rate was 100%. One hundred and twenty-three individuals had a demand for orthodontic treatment. The Nepali PIDAQ had excellent reliability with Cronbach's alpha of 0·945, corrected item correlation between 0·525 and 0·790 and overall test-retest reliability of 0·978. The construct validity was good with formation of a new sub-domain 'Dental self-consciousness'. The scale had good correlation with IOTN-AC and POS fulfilling convergent construct validity. The discriminant construct validity was proved by significant differences in scores for subjects with demand and without demand for treatment. CONCLUSION To conclude, Nepali version of PIDAQ has good psychometric properties and can be used effectively in this population group for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Pratap Singh
- V. P. Singh, Department of Orthodontics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Li C, Xia B, Wang Y, Guan X, Yuan J, Ge L. Translation and psychometric properties of the Chinese (Mandarin) version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) for school-age children. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2014; 12:169. [PMID: 25433408 PMCID: PMC4275954 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-014-0169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although caries and malocclusion occur with a high prevalence in Chinese school-age children, there were no appropriate instrument to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for this population. The aim of our study was to develop a Chinese (Mandarin) version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) and provide a preliminary test of its psychometric properties. Methods The Chinese version of COHIP-SF 19 was developed through a standard translation and back translation procedure. The psychometric properties of the instrument were tested among 644 school-age children in Beijing, China, including the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant and convergent validity. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the capability of the instrument to differentiate children with different caries and malocclusion outcomes. And partial Spearman correlations were used to determine the relationships between the OHRQoL scores and clinical-severity indicators and self-perceived health ratings, respectively. Results Chinese school-age children had relatively high OHRQoL scores, in spite of the fact that oral impacts were quite common (56.3%). The internal consistency and retest reliability were good to excellent with a Chronbach’s alpha of 0.81 and an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.77. Children who had active tooth decay or severe malocclusion had significantly lower COHIP-SF 19 scores (P ≤0.001). Girls had somewhat higher scores in the oral health and functional well-being subscales (P <0.05), while children from rural districts had lower scores than children from urban areas (P <0.05). We observed a low to moderate correlation between the overall COHIP-SF 19, subscale scores and clinical severity indicators as well as self-perceived health ratings, after adjustment for children’s age, gender, and school district (│rs│ =0.11 - 0.51, P <0.05). Conclusion We confirmed satisfactory psychometric properties for the Chinese version of COHIP-SF 19 in a community sample of Chinese school-age children. The OHRQoL instrument should play a more important role in future clinical studies, epidemiological surveys and potential public health policy in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhongguancun South Avenue 22, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhongguancun South Avenue 22, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhongguancun South Avenue 22, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xuelin Guan
- Center of Stomatology, Peking University Hospital, Yiheyuan Road 5, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Junwei Yuan
- Center of Stomatology, Peking University Hospital, Yiheyuan Road 5, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Lihong Ge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhongguancun South Avenue 22, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Jankauskiene B, Virtanen JI, Kubilius R, Narbutaite J. Oral health-related quality of life after dental general anaesthesia treatment among children: a follow-up study. BMC Oral Health 2014; 14:81. [PMID: 24984901 PMCID: PMC4090347 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many young paediatric patients with severe dental caries receive dental treatment under general anaesthesia. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) can be evaluated to assess the outcome of dental general anaesthesia (DGA) treatment. The aim of our study was to examine the OHRQoL of young Lithuanian children in need of DGA treatment and analyse the impact of DGA treatment on children’s OHRQoL. Methods We carried out a prospective clinical follow-up study on OHRQoL among all young Lithuanian child patients who received DGA treatment at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital during 2010–2012. The study consisted of clinical dental examinations of patients younger than six years, data collected from their patient files, and an OHRQoL survey completed by their parents prior to the child’s dental treatment. We conducted a follow-up OHRQoL survey one month after the DGA treatment. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) and its effect size (ES) served to evaluate children’s OHRQoL, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test served for statistical analyses. Results We obtained complete baseline and follow-up data for 140 and 122 participants, respectively (84.7% follow-up rate). Pain and eating problems among children and parents feeling upset and guilty were the most frequently reported impacts at baseline. The parents reported greater impacts on boys than on girls. The ECOHIS score decreased significantly (69.5%, p < 0.001) after DGA treatment, revealing a large ES for the child (1.6) and family (2.4) sections of the ECOHIS. Conclusions The OHRQoL of young Lithuanian children requiring DGA treatment is seriously impaired. Dental general anaesthesia treatment results in significant improvement of the children’s OHRQoL. The children’s parents also greatly appreciate this treatment modality for its positive impact on the family’s quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birute Jankauskiene
- Clinic for Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lukšos - Daumanto 6, LT - 50106 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Assessing individual and neighborhood social factors in child oral health-related quality of life: a multilevel analysis. Qual Life Res 2014; 23:2521-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Singh VP, Singh RK, Moss TP, Roy DK, Baral DD. Translation and Validation of the Nepalese Version of Derriford Appearance Scale (DAS59). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/mps.2013.32010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Martins-Júnior P, Vieira-Andrade R, Corrêa-Faria P, Oliveira-Ferreira F, Marques L, Ramos-Jorge M. Impact of Early Childhood Caries on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Preschool Children and Their Parents. Caries Res 2013; 47:211-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000345534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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