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O’Sullivan JF, Li M, Koay YC, Wang XS, Guglielmi G, Marques FZ, Nanayakkara S, Mariani J, Slaughter E, Kaye DM. Cardiac Substrate Utilization and Relationship to Invasive Exercise Hemodynamic Parameters in HFpEF. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:281-299. [PMID: 38559626 PMCID: PMC10978404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The authors conducted transcardiac blood sampling in healthy subjects and subjects with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) to compare cardiac metabolite and lipid substrate use. We demonstrate that fatty acids are less used by HFpEF hearts and that lipid extraction is influenced by hemodynamic factors including pulmonary pressures and cardiac index. The release of many products of protein catabolism is apparent in HFpEF compared to healthy myocardium. In subgroup analyses, differences in energy substrate use between female and male hearts were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. O’Sullivan
- Cardiometabolic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mengbo Li
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Cardiometabolic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Xiao Suo Wang
- Cardiometabolic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Giovanni Guglielmi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francine Z. Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shane Nanayakkara
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash-Alfred-Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Justin Mariani
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash-Alfred-Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eugene Slaughter
- Cardiometabolic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - David M. Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash-Alfred-Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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2
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Martinez-Amaro FJ, Garcia-Padilla C, Franco D, Daimi H. LncRNAs and CircRNAs in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: A Promising Target for Cardiovascular Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9888. [PMID: 37373035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a principal subcellular organelle responsible for protein quality control in the secretory pathway, preventing protein misfolding and aggregation. Failure of protein quality control in the ER triggers several molecular mechanisms such as ER-associated degradation (ERAD), the unfolded protein response (UPR) or reticulophagy, which are activated upon ER stress (ERS) to re-establish protein homeostasis by transcriptionally and translationally regulated complex signalling pathways. However, maintenance over time of ERS leads to apoptosis if such stress cannot be alleviated. The presence of abnormal protein aggregates results in loss of cardiomyocyte protein homeostasis, which in turn results in several cardiovascular diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or myocardial infarction (MI). The influence of a non-coding genome in the maintenance of proper cardiomyocyte homeostasis has been widely proven. To date, the impact of microRNAs in molecular mechanisms orchestrating ER stress response has been widely described. However, the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) is just beginning to be addressed given the potential role of these RNA classes as therapeutic molecules. Here, we provide a current state-of-the-art review of the roles of distinct lncRNAs and circRNAs in the modulation of ERS and UPR and their impact in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Houria Daimi
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
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Dooling LJ, Saini K, Anlaş AA, Discher DE. Tissue mechanics coevolves with fibrillar matrisomes in healthy and fibrotic tissues. Matrix Biol 2022; 111:153-188. [PMID: 35764212 PMCID: PMC9990088 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillar proteins are principal components of extracellular matrix (ECM) that confer mechanical properties to tissues. Fibrosis can result from wound repair in nearly every tissue in adults, and it associates with increased ECM density and crosslinking as well as increased tissue stiffness. Such fibrotic tissues are a major biomedical challenge, and an emerging view posits that the altered mechanical environment supports both synthetic and contractile myofibroblasts in a state of persistent activation. Here, we review the matrisome in several fibrotic diseases, as well as normal tissues, with a focus on physicochemical properties. Stiffness generally increases with the abundance of fibrillar collagens, the major constituent of ECM, with similar mathematical trends for fibrosis as well as adult tissues from soft brain to stiff bone and heart development. Changes in expression of other core matrisome and matrisome-associated proteins or proteoglycans contribute to tissue stiffening in fibrosis by organizing collagen, crosslinking ECM, and facilitating adhesion of myofibroblasts. Understanding how ECM composition and mechanics coevolve during fibrosis can lead to better models and help with antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence J Dooling
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Karanvir Saini
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alişya A Anlaş
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dennis E Discher
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Skeffington KL, Moscarelli M, Abdul-Ghani S, Fiorentino F, Emanueli C, Reeves BC, Punjabi PP, Angelini GD, Suleiman MS. Pathology-related changes in cardiac energy metabolites, inflammatory response and reperfusion injury following cardioplegic arrest in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:911557. [PMID: 35935655 PMCID: PMC9354251 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.911557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Changes in cardiac metabolites in adult patients undergoing open-heart surgery using ischemic cardioplegic arrest have largely been reported for non-ventricular tissue or diseased left ventricular tissue, with few studies attempting to assess such changes in both ventricular chambers. It is also unknown whether such changes are altered in different pathologies or linked to the degree of reperfusion injury and inflammatory response. The aim of the present work was to address these issues by monitoring myocardial metabolites in both ventricles and to establish whether these changes are linked to reperfusion injury and inflammatory/stress response in patients undergoing surgery using cold blood cardioplegia for either coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, n = 25) or aortic valve replacement (AVR, n = 16). Methods Ventricular biopsies from both left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles were collected before ischemic cardioplegic arrest and 20 min after reperfusion. The biopsies were processed for measuring selected metabolites (adenine nucleotides, purines, and amino acids) using HPLC. Blood markers of cardiac injury (Troponin I, cTnI), inflammation (IL- 6, IL-8, Il-10, and TNFα, measured using Multiplex) and oxidative stress (Myeloperoxidase, MPO) were measured pre- and up to 72 hours post-operatively. Results The CABG group had a significantly shorter ischemic cardioplegic arrest time (38.6 ± 2.3 min) compared to AVR group (63.0 ± 4.9 min, p = 2 x 10-6). Cardiac injury (cTnI release) was similar for both CABG and AVR groups. The inflammatory markers IL-6 and Il-8 were significantly higher in CABG patients compared to AVR patients. Metabolic markers of cardiac ischemic stress were relatively and significantly more altered in the LV of CABG patients. Comparing diabetic and non-diabetic CABG patients shows that only the RV of diabetic patients sustained major ischemic stress during reperfusion and that diabetic patients had a significantly higher inflammatory response. Discussion CABG patients sustain relatively more ischemic stress, systemic inflammatory response and similar injury and oxidative stress compared to AVR patients despite having significantly shorter cross-clamp time. The higher inflammatory response in CABG patients appears to be at least partly driven by a higher incidence of diabetes amongst CABG patients. In addition to pathology, the use of cold blood cardioplegic arrest may underlie these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L. Skeffington
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Moscarelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- GVM Care & Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Safa Abdul-Ghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Francesca Fiorentino
- Nightingale-Saunders Clinical Trials and Epidemiology Unit (King's Clinical Trials Unit), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barnaby C. Reeves
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Prakash P. Punjabi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gianni D. Angelini
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M-Saadeh Suleiman
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Abdul-Ghani S, Skeffington KL, Kim M, Moscarelli M, Lewis PA, Heesom K, Fiorentino F, Emanueli C, Reeves BC, Punjabi PP, Angelini GD, Suleiman MS. Effect of cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion on left and right ventricular proteome/phosphoproteome in patients undergoing surgery for coronary or aortic valve disease. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:77. [PMID: 35425992 PMCID: PMC9083849 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our earlier work has shown inter‑disease and intra‑disease differences in the cardiac proteome between right (RV) and left (LV) ventricles of patients with aortic valve stenosis (AVS) or coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether disease remodeling also affects acute changes occuring in the proteome during surgical intervention is unknown. This study investigated the effects of cardioplegic arrest on cardiac proteins/phosphoproteins in LV and RV of CAD (n=6) and AVS (n=6) patients undergoing cardiac surgery. LV and RV biopsies were collected during surgery before ischemic cold blood cardioplegic arrest (pre) and 20 min after reperfusion (post). Tissues were snap frozen, proteins extracted, and the extracts were used for proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis using Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) analysis. The results were analysed using QuickGO and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis softwares. For each comparision, our proteomic analysis identified more than 3,000 proteins which could be detected in both the pre and Post samples. Cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion were associated with significant differential expression of 24 (LV) and 120 (RV) proteins in the CAD patients, which were linked to mitochondrial function, inflammation and cardiac contraction. By contrast, AVS patients showed differential expression of only 3 LV proteins and 2 RV proteins, despite a significantly longer duration of ischaemic cardioplegic arrest. The relative expression of 41 phosphoproteins was significantly altered in CAD patients, with 18 phosphoproteins showing altered expression in AVS patients. Inflammatory pathways were implicated in the changes in phosphoprotein expression in both groups. Inter‑disease comparison for the same ventricular chamber at both timepoints revealed differences relating to inflammation and adrenergic and calcium signalling. In conclusion, the present study found that ischemic arrest and reperfusion trigger different changes in the proteomes and phosphoproteomes of LV and RV of CAD and AVS patients undergoing surgery, with markedly more changes in CAD patients despite a significantly shorter ischaemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Abdul-Ghani
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu-Dis, Palestine
| | - Katie L. Skeffington
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Minjoo Kim
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Marco Moscarelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
- GVM Care and Research, Anthea Hospital, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Philip A. Lewis
- University of Bristol Proteomics/Bioinformatics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kate Heesom
- University of Bristol Proteomics/Bioinformatics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Barnaby C. Reeves
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | | | - Gianni D. Angelini
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - M-Saadeh Suleiman
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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Kovács Á, Herwig M, Budde H, Delalat S, Kolijn D, Bódi B, Hassoun R, Tangos M, Zhazykbayeva S, Balogh Á, Czuriga D, Van Linthout S, Tschöpe C, Dhalla NS, Mügge A, Tóth A, Papp Z, Barta J, Hamdani N. Interventricular Differences of Signaling Pathways-Mediated Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Function in Response to High Oxidative Stress in the Post-Ischemic Failing Rat Heart. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060964. [PMID: 34208541 PMCID: PMC8234177 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard heart failure (HF) therapies have failed to improve cardiac function or survival in HF patients with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction suggesting a divergence in the molecular mechanisms of RV vs. left ventricular (LV) failure. Here we aimed to investigate interventricular differences in sarcomeric regulation and function in experimental myocardial infarction (MI)-induced HF with reduced LV ejection fraction (HFrEF). MI was induced by LAD ligation in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Sham-operated animals served as controls. Eight weeks after intervention, post-ischemic HFrEF and Sham animals were euthanized. Heart tissue samples were deep-frozen stored (n = 3-5 heart/group) for ELISA, kinase activity assays, passive stiffness and Ca2+-sensitivity measurements on isolated cardiomyocytes, phospho-specific Western blot, and PAGE of contractile proteins, as well as for collagen gene expressions. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation showed interventricular differences in post-ischemic rats: TGF-β1, lipid peroxidation, and 3-nitrotyrosine levels were higher in the LV than RV, while hydrogen peroxide, VCAM-1, TNFα, and TGF-β1 were increased in both ventricles. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) level was significantly decreased, while FN-1 level was significantly increased only in the LV, but both were unchanged in RV. CaMKII activity showed an 81.6% increase in the LV, in contrast to a 38.6% decrease in the RV of HFrEF rats. Cardiomyocyte passive stiffness was higher in the HFrEF compared to the Sham group as evident from significantly steeper Fpassive vs. sarcomere length relationships. In vitro treatment with CaMKIIδ, however, restored cardiomyocyte passive stiffness only in the HFrEF RV, but had no effect in the HFrEF LV. PKG activity was lower in both ventricles in the HFrEF compared to the Sham group. In vitro PKG administration decreased HFrEF cardiomyocyte passive stiffness; however, the effect was more pronounced in the HFrEF LV than HFrEF RV. In line with this, we observed distinct changes of titin site-specific phosphorylation in the RV vs. LV of post-ischemic rats, which may explain divergent cardiomyocyte stiffness modulation observed. Finally, Ca2+-sensitivity of RV cardiomyocytes was unchanged, while LV cardiomyocytes showed increased Ca2+-sensitivity in the HFrEF group. This could be explained by decreased Ser-282 phosphorylation of cMyBP-C by 44.5% in the RV, but without any alteration in the LV, while Ser-23/24 phosphorylation of cTnI was decreased in both ventricles in the HFrEF vs. the Sham group. Our data pointed to distinct signaling pathways-mediated phosphorylations of sarcomeric proteins for the RV and LV of the post-ischemic failing rat heart. These results implicate divergent responses for oxidative stress and open a new avenue in targeting the RV independently of the LV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Kovács
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.); (B.B.); (A.T.); (Z.P.)
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Simin Delalat
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Detmar Kolijn
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Beáta Bódi
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.); (B.B.); (A.T.); (Z.P.)
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Melina Tangos
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ágnes Balogh
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.B.); (D.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Dániel Czuriga
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.B.); (D.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charite (BIH)-Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.V.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charite (BIH)-Universitätmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.V.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.); (B.B.); (A.T.); (Z.P.)
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.); (B.B.); (A.T.); (Z.P.)
- HAS-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Barta
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.B.); (D.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL) Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.H.); (H.B.); (S.D.); (D.K.); (R.H.); (M.T.); (S.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-234-5095-9053
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Moscarelli M, Fiorentino F, Suleiman MS, Emanueli C, Reeves BC, Punjabi PP, Angelini GD. Remote ischaemic preconditioning in isolated aortic valve and coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized trial†. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 55:905-912. [PMID: 30544237 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezy404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This trial was designed and patients were recruited at a time when the benefits of remote ischaemic preconditioning during open-heart surgery were still controversial. We focused on a homogeneous patient population undergoing either isolated aortic valve replacement or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery by investigating cardiac injury, metabolic stress and inflammatory response. METHODS A 2-centre randomized controlled trial recruited a total of 124 patients between February 2013 and April 2015. Of them, 64 patients underwent CABG and 60 patients underwent aortic valve replacement. Patients were randomized to either sham or preconditioning. Remote ischaemic preconditioning was applied following anaesthesia and before sternotomy. Myocardial injury and inflammatory response were assessed by serially measuring cardiac troponin I, and interleukin-6, 8, 10 and the tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α). Biopsies from the left and the right ventricles were harvested after ischaemic reperfusion injury for nucleotides analysis. RESULTS Application of remote ischaemic preconditioning did not alter the degree of troponin I release, levels of inflammatory markers and cardiac energetics in both the CABG and the aortic valve replacement groups. CONCLUSIONS Preconditioning did not confer any additional cardioprotection in terms of reducing the levels of troponin I and inflammatory markers and preserving left and right ventricle energy metabolites in patients undergoing isolated CABG or aortic valve surgery. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry ID 33084113 (doi: 10.1186/ISRCTN33084113) and UK controlled randomized trial number (UKCRN) registry ID 13672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moscarelli
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Heart Institute, The Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - M-Saadeh Suleiman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Heart Institute, The Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Barnaby C Reeves
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Heart Institute, The Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Gianni D Angelini
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Heart Institute, The Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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8
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Dai J, Yu X, Han Y, Chai L, Liao Y, Zhong P, Xie R, Sun X, Huang Q, Wang J, Yin Z, Zhang Y, Lv Z, Jia C. TMT-labeling Proteomics of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Reveal Invasive Biomarkers. J Cancer 2020; 11:6122-6132. [PMID: 32922552 PMCID: PMC7477402 DOI: 10.7150/jca.47290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Invasion and metastasis are critical events in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) progression. Protein markers specific to this process may avoid over-treatment and urgently needed. Methods: TMT-labeled mass spectrometry-based proteomics were carried out on PTC and invasive phenotype (iPTC) (3 pairs per group) and cross validate differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (FC>1.5 and <0.67 and p<0.05) with GEO and TCGA datasets and the correlation genes of DEPs were also analyzed. Results: We identified and quantified 4607 proteins identical to PTC and iPTC groups. Among which 12 DEPs in PTC and 179 DEPs in iPTCs were found. Cross-validation with GSE60542 and TCGA database revealed 10 DEPs that all significant correlated with metastasis and staging. Upregulated SLC27A6 showed negative correlation with 6 out of 9 downregulated DEPs including HGD, CA4, COL23A1, SLC26A7, FHL1 and TPO. Conclusion: The panel of 7 genes (SLC27A6 and 6 downregulated DEPs) could have ideal prediction value to improve our understanding of invasiveness of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Dai
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaqing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yali Han
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Li Chai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yina Liao
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruting Xie
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yin
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chengyou Jia
- Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
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9
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Redondo J, Sarkar P, Kemp K, Heesom KJ, Wilkins A, Scolding NJ, Rice CM. Dysregulation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Antioxidant Responses in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:748-758. [PMID: 30063300 PMCID: PMC6186266 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of autologous cell-based therapies including those using multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is being investigated for multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological conditions. However, the phenotype of MSC in neurological diseases has not been fully characterized. We have previously shown that MSC isolated from patients with progressive MS (MS-MSC) have reduced expansion potential, premature senescence, and reduced neuroprotective potential in vitro. In view of the role of antioxidants in ageing and neuroprotection, we examined the antioxidant capacity of MS-MSC demonstrating that MS-MSC secretion of antioxidants superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP) is reduced and correlates negatively with the duration of progressive phase of MS. We confirmed reduced expression of SOD1 and GSTP by MS-MSC along with reduced activity of SOD and GST and, to examine the antioxidant capacity of MS-MSC under conditions of nitrosative stress, we established an in vitro cell survival assay using nitric oxide-induced cell death. MS-MSC displayed differential susceptibility to nitrosative stress with accelerated senescence and greater decline in expression of SOD1 and GSTP in keeping with reduced expression of master regulators of antioxidant responses nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α. Our results are compatible with dysregulation of antioxidant responses in MS-MSC and have significant implications for development of autologous MSC-based therapies for MS, optimization of which may require that these functional deficits are reversed. Furthermore, improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms may yield novel insights into MS pathophysiology and biomarker identification. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:748-758.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Redondo
- Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Sarkar
- Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Kemp
- Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kate J Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Wilkins
- Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J Scolding
- Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Claire M Rice
- Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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10
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Platt MJ, Huber JS, Romanova N, Brunt KR, Simpson JA. Pathophysiological Mapping of Experimental Heart Failure: Left and Right Ventricular Remodeling in Transverse Aortic Constriction Is Temporally, Kinetically and Structurally Distinct. Front Physiol 2018; 9:472. [PMID: 29867532 PMCID: PMC5962732 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing proportion of heart failure (HF) patients present with impairments in both ventricles. Experimental pressure-overload (i.e., transverse aortic constriction, TAC) induces left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy and failure, as well as right ventricle (RV) dysfunction. However, little is known about the coordinated progression of biventricular dysfunction that occurs in TAC. Here we investigated the time course of systolic and diastolic function in both the LV and RV concurrently to improve our understanding of the chronology of events in TAC. Hemodynamic, histological, and morphometric assessments were obtained from the LV and RV at 2, 4, 9, and 18 weeks post-surgery. Results: Systolic pressures peaked in both ventricles at 4 weeks, thereafter steadily declining in the LV, while remaining elevated in the RV. The LV and RV followed different structural and functional timelines, suggesting the patterns in one ventricle are independent from the opposing ventricle. RV hypertrophy/fibrosis and pulmonary arterial remodeling confirmed a progressive right-sided pathology. We further identified both compensation and decompensation in the LV with persistent concentric hypertrophy in both phases. Finally, diastolic impairments in both ventricles manifested as an intricate progression of multiple parameters that were not in agreement until overt systolic failure was evident. Conclusion: We establish pulmonary hypertension was secondary to LV dysfunction, confirming TAC is a model of type II pulmonary hypertension. This study also challenges some common assumptions in experimental HF (e.g., the relationship between fibrosis and filling pressure) while addressing a knowledge gap with respect to temporality of RV remodeling in pressure-overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew J. Platt
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- IMPART Team Canada Investigator Network, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Jason S. Huber
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- IMPART Team Canada Investigator Network, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Nadya Romanova
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- IMPART Team Canada Investigator Network, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Keith R. Brunt
- IMPART Team Canada Investigator Network, Saint John, NB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Jeremy A. Simpson
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- IMPART Team Canada Investigator Network, Saint John, NB, Canada
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11
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Yu X, Cai J, Jiao X, Zhang S, Liu H, Ding X. Response Predictors to Calcineurin Inhibitors in Patients with Primary Membranous Nephropathy. Am J Nephrol 2018; 47:266-274. [PMID: 29698936 DOI: 10.1159/000488728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is an urgent need to find ways of identifying primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) patients who are likely to benefit from calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) or who are resistant to them. In this study, we employed nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis to identify serum biomarkers that predict the clinical response to CNI therapy in PMN patients. METHODS The endpoint was complete remission (CR) after CNI treatment. PMN patients were grouped into no-remission (NR) or CR groups to screen predictive candidates using the nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis. RESULTS Compared with NR patients, 3 upregulated proteins and 5 downregulated proteins were found to present a twofold change in CR patients' serum. Serum amyloid A1 protein (SAA1) was further validated by ELISA; it was decreased in patients in the NR group compared with patients in the CR group, but SAA1 in patients in these groups was lower than in healthy controls and minimal change disease patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of SAA1 was used to distinguish PMN NR patients from those in remission and was 0.901, with a sensitivity of 78.3% and specificity of 86.8%, similar to that of the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody. Combining SAA1 with the PLA2R antibody, the area under the ROC curve was 0.956, which was higher than that of SAA1 or the PLA2R antibody alone. CONCLUSIONS Serum SAA1 may be a candidate PMN biomarker that can be used to discriminate CNI NR cases from remission patients. The combination of SAA1 and the PLA2R antibody increases the accuracy of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Kidney Disease and Dialysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieru Cai
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Kidney Disease and Dialysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiao
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Kidney Disease and Dialysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Kidney Disease and Dialysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Kidney Disease and Dialysis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
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12
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Lindsey ML, Jung M, Hall ME, DeLeon-Pennell KY. Proteomic analysis of the cardiac extracellular matrix: clinical research applications. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:105-112. [PMID: 29285949 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1421947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) provides anatomical, biochemical, and physiological support to the left ventricle. ECM proteins are difficult to detect using unbiased proteomic approaches due to solubility issues and a relatively low abundance compared to cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins present in highly prevalent cardiomyocytes. Areas covered: Proteomic capabilities have dramatically improved over the past 20 years, due to enhanced sample preparation protocols and increased capabilities in mass spectrometry (MS), database searching, and bioinformatics analysis. This review summarizes technological advancements made in proteomic applications that make ECM proteomics highly feasible. Expert commentary: Proteomic analysis of the ECM provides an important contribution to our understanding of the molecular and cellular processes associated with cardiovascular disease. Using results generated from proteomics approaches in basic science applications and integrating proteomics templates into clinical research protocols will aid in efforts to personalize medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merry L Lindsey
- a Research Service , G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.,b Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA
| | - Mira Jung
- b Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA
| | - Michael E Hall
- b Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.,c Division of Cardiology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA
| | - Kristine Y DeLeon-Pennell
- a Research Service , G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.,b Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA
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13
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Eckhardt A, Kulhava L, Miksik I, Pataridis S, Hlavackova M, Vasinova J, Kolar F, Sedmera D, Ostadal B. Proteomic analysis of cardiac ventricles: baso-apical differences. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 445:211-219. [PMID: 29302836 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The heart is characterized by a remarkable degree of heterogeneity. Since different cardiac pathologies affect different cardiac regions, it is important to understand molecular mechanisms by which these parts respond to pathological stimuli. In addition to already described left ventricular (LV)/right ventricular (RV) and transmural differences, possible baso-apical heterogeneity has to be taken into consideration. The aim of our study has been, therefore, to compare proteomes in the apical and basal parts of the rat RV and LV. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was used for the proteomic analysis. The major result of this study has revealed for the first time significant baso-apical differences in concentration of several proteins, both in the LV and RV. As far as the LV is concerned, five proteins had higher concentration in the apical compared to basal part of the ventricle. Three of them are mitochondrial and belong to the "metabolism and energy pathways" (myofibrillar creatine kinase M-type, L-lactate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase). Myosin light chain 3 is a contractile protein and HSP60 belongs to heat shock proteins. In the RV, higher concentration in the apical part was observed in two mitochondrial proteins (creatine kinase S-type and proton pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase). The described changes were more pronounced in the LV, which is subjected to higher workload. However, in both chambers was the concentration of proteins markedly higher in the apical than that in basal part, which corresponds to the higher energetic demand and contractile activity of these segments of both ventricles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Eckhardt
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Kulhava
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Miksik
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Statis Pataridis
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Hlavackova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vasinova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Kolar
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmera
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Ostadal
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
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14
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Tune JD, Goodwill AG, Sassoon DJ, Mather KJ. Cardiovascular consequences of metabolic syndrome. Transl Res 2017; 183:57-70. [PMID: 28130064 PMCID: PMC5393930 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the concurrence of obesity-associated cardiovascular risk factors including abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL cholesterol, and/or hypertension. Earlier conceptualizations of the MetS focused on insulin resistance as a core feature, and it is clearly coincident with the above list of features. Each component of the MetS is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the combination of these risk factors elevates rates and severity of cardiovascular disease, related to a spectrum of cardiovascular conditions including microvascular dysfunction, coronary atherosclerosis and calcification, cardiac dysfunction, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. While advances in understanding the etiology and consequences of this complex disorder have been made, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood, and it is unclear how these concurrent risk factors conspire to produce the variety of obesity-associated adverse cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we highlight current knowledge regarding the pathophysiological consequences of obesity and the MetS on cardiovascular function and disease, including considerations of potential physiological and molecular mechanisms that may contribute to these adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan D Tune
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind.
| | - Adam G Goodwill
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Daniel J Sassoon
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Kieren J Mather
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind
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15
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Trindade F, Ferreira R, Magalhães B, Leite-Moreira A, Falcão-Pires I, Vitorino R. How to use and integrate bioinformatics tools to compare proteomic data from distinct conditions? A tutorial using the pathological similarities between Aortic Valve Stenosis and Coronary Artery Disease as a case-study. J Proteomics 2017; 171:37-52. [PMID: 28336332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays we are surrounded by a plethora of bioinformatics tools, powerful enough to deal with the large amounts of data arising from proteomic studies, but whose application is sometimes hard to find. Therefore, we used a specific clinical problem - to discriminate pathophysiology and potential biomarkers between two similar cardiovascular diseases, aortic valve stenosis (AVS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) - to make a step-by-step guide through four bioinformatics tools: STRING, DisGeNET, Cytoscape and ClueGO. Proteome data was collected from articles available on PubMed centered on proteomic studies enrolling subjects with AVS or CAD. Through the analysis of gene ontology provided by STRING and ClueGO we could find specific biological phenomena associated with AVS, such as down-regulation of elastic fiber assembly, and with CAD, such as up-regulation of plasminogen activation. Moreover, through Cytoscape and DisGeNET we could pinpoint surrogate markers either for AVS (e.g. popeye domain containing protein 2 and 28S ribosomal protein S36, mitochondrial) or for CAD (e.g. ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 7) which deserve future validation. Data recycling and integration as well as research orientation are among the main advantages of resorting to bioinformatics analysis, hence these tutorials can be of great convenience for proteomics investigators. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE As we saw for aortic valve stenosis and coronary artery disease, it can be of great relevance to perform preliminary bioinformatics analysis with already published proteomics data. It not only saves us time in the lab (avoiding work duplication) as it points out new hypothesis to explain the phenotypical presentation of the diseases as well as new surrogate markers with clinical relevance, deserving future scrutiny. These essential steps can be easily overcome if one follows the steps proposed in our tutorial for STRING, DisGeNET, Cytoscape and ClueGO utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Trindade
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Magalhães
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Monoamine Oxidase Is Overactivated in Left and Right Ventricles from Ischemic Hearts: An Intriguing Therapeutic Target. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4375418. [PMID: 28044091 PMCID: PMC5156804 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4375418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a key role in human heart failure (HF). Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is emerging as a major ROS source in several cardiomyopathies. However, little is known about MAO activity in human failing heart and its relationship with redox imbalance. Therefore, we measured MAO activity in the left (LV) and in the right (RV) ventricle of human nonfailing (NF) and in end-stage ischemic (IHD) and nonischemic failing hearts. We found that both MAO isoforms (MAO-A/B) significantly increased in terms of activity and expression levels only in IHD ventricles. Catalase and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 activities (ALDH-2), both implicated in MAO-catalyzed catecholamine catabolism, were significantly elevated in the failing LV, whereas, in the RV, statistical significance was observed only for ALDH-2. Oxidative stress markers levels were significantly increased only in the failing RV. Actin oxidation was significantly elevated in both failing ventricles and related to MAO-A activity and to functional parameters. These data suggest a close association between MAO-A-dependent ROS generation, actin oxidation, and ventricular dysfunction. This latter finding points to a possible pathogenic role of MAO-A in human myocardial failure supporting the idea that MAO-A could be a new therapeutic target in HF.
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17
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Gab1 Is Modulated by Chronic Hypoxia in Children with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Defect and Its Overexpression Reduces Apoptosis in Rat Neonatal Cardiomyocytes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:718492. [PMID: 26090437 PMCID: PMC4452271 DOI: 10.1155/2015/718492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gab1 (Grb2 associated binding protein 1) is a member of the scaffolding/docking proteins (Gab1, Gab2, and Gab3). It is required for fibroblast cell survival and maintaining cardiac function. Very little is known about human Gab1 expression in response to chronic hypoxia. The present study examined the hypothesis that hypoxia regulates Gab1 expression in human paediatric myocardium and cultured rat cardiomyocytes. Here we showed that Gab1 is expressed in myocardial tissue in acyanotic and cyanotic children with congenital heart defects. Gab1 protein was upregulated in cyanotic compared to acyanotic hearts suggesting that Gab1 upregulation is a component of the survival program initiated by hypoxia in cyanotic children. The expression of other Gab1 interacting partners was not affected by hypoxia and Gab1 regulation. Additionally, using an in vitro model, we demonstrated that overexpressing Gab1 in neonatal cardiomyocytes, under hypoxic condition, resulted in the reduction of apoptosis suggesting a role for this protein in cardiomyocyte survival. Altogether, our data provide strong evidence that Gab1 is important for heart cell survival following hypoxic stress.
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