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Papachristou F, Anninou N, Koukoulis G, Paraskakis S, Sertaridou E, Tsalikidis C, Pitiakoudis M, Simopoulos C, Tsaroucha A. Differential effects of cisplatin combined with the flavonoid apigenin on HepG2, Hep3B, and Huh7 liver cancer cell lines. Mutat Res 2021; 866:503352. [PMID: 33985696 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The potential of apigenin (APG) to enhance cisplatin's (CDDP) chemotherapeutic efficacy was investigated in HepG2, Hep3B, and Huh7 liver cancer cell lines. The presence of 20 μM APG sensitized all cell lines to CDDP treatment (degree of sensitization based on the MTT assay: HepG2>Huh7>Hep3B). As reflected by sister chromatid exchange levels, the degree of genetic instability as well as DNA repair by homologous recombination differed among cell lines. CDDP and 20 μM APG cotreatment exhibited a synergistic genotoxic effect on Hep3B cells and a less than additive effect on HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Cell cycle delays were noticed during the first mitotic division in Hep3B and Huh7 cells and the second mitotic division in HepG2 cells. CDDP and CDDP + APG treatments reduced the clonogenic capacity of all cell lines; however, there was a discordance in drug sensitivity compared with the MMT assay. Furthermore, a senescence-like phenotype was induced, especially in Hep3B and Huh7 cells. Unlike CDDP monotherapy, the combined treatment exhibited a significant anti-invasive and anti-migratory action in all cancer cell lines. The fact that the three liver cancer cell lines responded differently, yet positively, to CDDP + APG cotreatment could be attributed to variations they present in gene expression. Complex mechanisms seem to influence cellular responses and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotini Papachristou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece; Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece.
| | - Nikolia Anninou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Georgios Koukoulis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Stefanos Paraskakis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Eleni Sertaridou
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Christos Tsalikidis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Michael Pitiakoudis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Constantinos Simopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece; Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
| | - Alexandra Tsaroucha
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece; Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68 100, Greece
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Zhao Z, Wu X, He F, Xiang C, Feng X, Bai X, Liu X, Zhao J, Takeda S, Qing Y. Critical roles of Rad54 in tolerance to apigenin-induced Top1-mediated DNA damage. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:505. [PMID: 33791014 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Apigenin (APG), a flavone sub-class of flavonoids, possesses a diverse range of biological activities, including anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies identified the genotoxicity of APG in certain cancer cells, which may be associated with its anticancer effect. However, the DNA damage repair mechanism induced by APG has remained elusive. In order to clarify the molecular mechanisms, the present study determined the toxicity of APG to the wild-type (WT) DT40 chicken B-lymphocyte cell line, as well as to DT40 cells with deletions in various DNA repair genes, and their sensitivities were compared. It was demonstrated that cells deficient of Rad54, a critical homologous recombination gene, were particularly sensitive to APG. Cell-cycle analysis demonstrated that APG caused an increase in the G2/M-phase population of Rad54- / - cells that was greater than that in WT cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated by immunofluorescence assay that Rad54- / - cells exhibited significantly increased numbers of γ-phosphorylated H2AX variant histone foci and chromosomal aberrations compared to the WT cells in response to APG. Of note, the in vitro complex of enzyme assay indicated that APG induced increased topoisomerase I (Top1) covalent protein DNA complex in Rad54- / - cells compared to WT cells. Finally, these results were verified using the TK6 human lymphoblastoid cell line and it was demonstrated that, as for DT40 cells, Rad54 deficiency sensitized TK6 cells to APG. The present study demonstrated that Rad54 was involved in the repair of APG-induced DNA damage, which was associated with Top1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Fang He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Cuifang Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jingxia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shunichi Takeda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yong Qing
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Tsaroucha AK, Korovesis GN, Valsami G, Lambropoulou M, Kollaras V, Anagnostopoulos C, Kostomitsopoulos N, Zerbini E, Simopoulos C. Silibinin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (SLB-HP-β-CD) complex prevents apoptosis in liver and kidney after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111731. [PMID: 32891719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the protective effect of silibinin on rat liver and kidney after hepatic inschemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty three male Wistar-type rats (median age 13 weeks; average weight 314 g) were subjected to I/R injury of the liver. They were randomly divided into three groups: Sham (n = 7), Control (C, n = 28) and Silibinin (Si, n = 28). The last group received intravenously silibinin. The C and Si groups were each subdivided in four subgroups according to euthanasia times (i.e., 60, 120, 180, 240 min). We assessed expression of caspase-3 and TUNEL assay, and biochemical and histological parameters. RESULTS At 240 min, expression of caspase-3 and TUNEL assay were statistically significantly lower in the Si compared to the C group for both liver and kidney. SGOT and SGPT were also statistically significantly lower in the Si than in the C group at all time points. Histological parameters of the liver were also improved in the Si group. CONCLUSION Silibinin was found to exhibit a protective effect on liver and kidney after hepatic I/R injury. The present results are encouraging for further studies and future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K Tsaroucha
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2nd Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; Department of Experimental Surgery, Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Georgios N Korovesis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vasileios Kollaras
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | | | - Eleni Zerbini
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Constantinos Simopoulos
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; Department of Experimental Surgery, Bioresearch Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Ali F, Rahul, Naz F, Jyoti S, Siddique YH. Health functionality of apigenin: A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1207188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Maisanaba S, Llana-Ruiz-Cabello M, Gutiérrez-Praena D, Pichardo S, Puerto M, Prieto AI, Jos A, Cameán AM. New advances in active packaging incorporated with essential oils or their main components for food preservation. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2016.1175010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chirumbolo S. Alpha-bisabolol, not a matter for cancer therapy. Commentary: "Research on the immunosuppressive activity of ingredients contained in sunscreens". Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:96. [PMID: 26029105 PMCID: PMC4426726 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Medicine, University Laboratories for Medical Research (LURM)-Medicine D, University of Verona Verona, Italy
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Llana-Ruiz-Cabello M, Pichardo S, Maisanaba S, Puerto M, Prieto AI, Gutiérrez-Praena D, Jos A, Cameán AM. In vitro toxicological evaluation of essential oils and their main compounds used in active food packaging: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 81:9-27. [PMID: 25865936 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) and their main constituent compounds have been extensively investigated due to their application in the food industry for improving the shelf life of perishable products. Although they are still not available for use in food packaging in the market in Europe, considerable research in this field has been carried out recently. The safety of these EOs should be guaranteed before being commercialized. The aim of this work was to review the scientific publications, with a primary focus on the last 10 years, with respect to different in vitro toxicological aspects, mainly focussed on mutagenicity/genotoxicity. In general, fewer genotoxic studies have been reported on EOs in comparison to their main components, and most of them did not show mutagenic activity. However, more studies are needed in this field since the guidelines of the European Food Safety Authority have not always been followed accurately. The mutagenic/genotoxic activities of these substances have been related to metabolic activation. Therefore, in vivo tests are required to confirm the absence of genotoxic effects. Considering the great variability of the EOs and their main compounds, a case-by-case evaluation is needed to assure their safe use in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Llana-Ruiz-Cabello
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Silvia Pichardo
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Sara Maisanaba
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Puerto
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana I Prieto
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Praena
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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Bakar E, Ulucam E, Cerkezkayabekir A. Protective effects of proanthocyanidin and vitamin E against toxic effects of formaldehyde in kidney tissue. Biotech Histochem 2014; 90:69-78. [DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2014.954620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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