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Hu H, Serra C, Zhang W, Scrivo A, Fernández-Carasa I, Consiglio A, Aytes A, Pujana MA, Llebaria A, Antolin AA. Identification of differential biological activity and synergy between the PARP inhibitor rucaparib and its major metabolite. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:973-988.e4. [PMID: 38335967 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The (poly)pharmacology of drug metabolites is seldom comprehensively characterized in drug discovery. However, some drug metabolites can reach high plasma concentrations and display in vivo activity. Here, we use computational and experimental methods to comprehensively characterize the kinase polypharmacology of M324, the major metabolite of the PARP1 inhibitor rucaparib. We demonstrate that M324 displays unique PLK2 inhibition at clinical concentrations. This kinase activity could have implications for the efficacy and safety of rucaparib and therefore warrants further clinical investigation. Importantly, we identify synergy between the drug and the metabolite in prostate cancer models and a complete reduction of α-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease models. These activities could be harnessed in the clinic or open new drug discovery opportunities. The study reported here highlights the importance of characterizing the activity of drug metabolites to comprehensively understand drug response in the clinic and exploit our current drug arsenal in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Hu
- Center for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Carme Serra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis (MCS) Laboratory, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules (SIMChem), Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Aurora Scrivo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Carasa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonella Consiglio
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alvaro Aytes
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis (MCS) Laboratory, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules (SIMChem), Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert A Antolin
- Center for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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2
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Yang J, Tang J, He X, Di R, Zhang X, Zhang J, Guo X, Hu W, Chu M. Key mRNAs and lncRNAs of pituitary that affect the reproduction of FecB + + small tail han sheep. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:392. [PMID: 38649819 PMCID: PMC11034058 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pituitary directly regulates the reproductive process through follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Transcriptomic research on the pituitaries of ewes with different FecB (fecundity Booroola) genotypes has shown that some key genes and lncRNAs play an important role in pituitary function and sheep fecundity. Our previous study found that ewes with FecB + + genotypes (without FecB mutation) still had individuals with more than one offspring per birth. It is hoped to analyze this phenomenon from the perspective of the pituitary transcriptome. RESULTS The 12 Small Tail Han Sheep were equally divided into polytocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF), polytocous sheep in the luteal phase (PL), monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (MF), and monotocous sheep in the luteal phase (ML). Pituitary tissues were collected after estrus synchronous treatment for transcriptomic analysis. A total of 384 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (182 in PF vs. MF and 202 in PL vs. ML) and 844 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) (427 in PF vs. MF and 417 in PL vs. ML) were obtained from the polytocous-monotocous comparison groups in the two phases. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs in the two phases were enriched in signaling pathways known to play an important role in sheep fecundity, such as calcium ion binding and cAMP signaling pathways. A total of 1322 target relationship pairs (551 pairs in PF vs. MF and 771 pairs in PL vs. ML) were obtained for the target genes prediction of DELs, of which 29 DEL-DEG target relationship pairs (nine pairs in PF vs. MF and twenty pairs in PL vs. ML). In addition, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed to explore the regulatory relationships of DEGs, and some important regulatory relationship pairs were obtained. CONCLUSION According to the analysis results, we hypothesized that the pituitary first receives steroid hormone signals from the ovary and uterus and that VAV3 (Vav Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 3), GABRG1 (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid A Receptor, Gamma 1), and FNDC1 (Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing 1) played an important role in this process. Subsequently, the reproductive process was regulated by gonadotropins, and IGFBP1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1) was directly involved in this process, ultimately affecting litter size. In addition, TGIF1 (Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-Induced Factor 1) and TMEFF2 (Transmembrane Protein With EGF Like And Two Follistatin Like Domains 2) compensated for the effect of the FecB mutation and function by acting on TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway, an important pathway for sheep reproduction. These results provided a reference for understanding the mechanism of multiple births in Small Tail Han Sheep without FecB mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Jishun Tang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 230031, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Di
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 300381, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 300381, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 300381, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 100193, Beijing, China.
| | - Mingxing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 100193, Beijing, China.
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Al-Hawary SIS, Alsalamy A, Gupta R, Alsaab HO, Hjazi A, Edilboyev U, Ramadan MF, Hussien BM, Ahmed M, Hosseini-Fard SR. VAV3 in human cancers: Mechanism and clinical implication. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154681. [PMID: 37467637 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are primarily involved in signal transmission between cell membrane receptors and intracellular mediators. Upon replacing GDP with GTP, GEFs can alter their conformation, resulting in their binding to downstream effectors, such as GTPases like Ras homologous (Rho). VAV GEF family are versatile proteins working as an adaptor mediator and GEF for Rho GTPase. They act as a phosphorylation-dependent molecular switcher, fluctuating between active (tyrosine phosphorylated) and inactive (non-phosphorylated) conformation in cell signaling. Accumulating data showed that VAV3 is implicated in cancer progression. The higher levels of VAV3 in human cancers proposed that it may have an oncogenic role in cancer progression. Available studies demonstrated that VAV3 promoted cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), colony formation, cell cycle, survival, migration and invasion, and suppressed cell apoptosis. In addition, other studies indicated that VAV3 may have a prognostic value in cancer as well as it may act as a mediator in cancer chemoresistance. Here, we aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of VAV3 in cancer progression as well as to review its value as a prognostic biomarker and chemoresistance mediator in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, District-Mathura, U.P., 281406, India
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Unarbek Edilboyev
- Department of Engineering Graphics and Design Theory, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Muhja Ahmed
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Li C, Yu S, Chen J, Hou Q, Wang S, Qian C, Yin S. Risk stratification based on DNA damage-repair-related signature reflects the microenvironmental feature, metabolic status and therapeutic response of breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1127982. [PMID: 37033959 PMCID: PMC10080010 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage-repair machinery participates in maintaining genomic integrity and affects tumorigenesis. Molecular signatures based on DNA damage-repair-related genes (DRGs) capable of comprehensively indicating the prognosis, tumor immunometabolic profile and therapeutic responsiveness of breast cancer (BRCA) patients are still lacking. Integrating public datasets and bioinformatics algorithms, we developed a robust prognostic signature based on 27 DRGs. Multiple patient cohorts identified significant differences in various types of survival between high- and low-risk patients stratified by the signature. The signature correlated well with clinicopathological factors and could serve as an independent prognostic indicator for BRCA patients. Furthermore, low-risk tumors were characterized by more infiltrated CD8+ T cells, follicular helper T cells, M1 macrophages, activated NK cells and resting dendritic cells, and fewer M0 and M2 macrophages. The favorable immune infiltration patterns of low-risk tumors were also accompanied by specific metabolic profiles, decreased DNA replication, and enhanced antitumor immunity. Low-risk patients may respond better to immunotherapy, and experience improved outcomes with conventional chemotherapy or targeted medicine. Real-world immunotherapy and chemotherapy cohorts verified the predictive results. Additionally, four small molecule compounds promising to target high-risk tumors were predicted. In vitro experiments confirmed the high expression of GNPNAT1 and MORF4L2 in BRCA tissues and their association with immune cells, and the knockdown of these two DRGs suppressed the proliferation of human BRCA cells. In summary, this DNA damage-repair-related signature performed well in predicting patient prognosis, immunometabolic profiles and therapeutic sensitivity, hopefully contributing to precision medicine and new target discovery of BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cheng Qian
- *Correspondence: Cheng Qian, ; Shulei Yin,
| | - Shulei Yin
- *Correspondence: Cheng Qian, ; Shulei Yin,
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Wester L, Venneker S, Hazenoot M, Pont C, Koedoot E, Timmermans AM, Martens J, Jansen MPHM, Kockx CEM, van Ijcken WFJ, Meerman JHN, Zhang Y, van de Water B. A kinase inhibitor screen reveals MEK1/2 as a novel therapeutic target to antagonize IGF1R-mediated antiestrogen resistance in ERα-positive luminal breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022;:115233. [PMID: 36041543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Antiestrogen resistance of breast cancer has been related to enhanced growth factor receptor expression and activation. We have previously shown that ectopic expression and subsequent activation of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) or the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in MCF7 or T47D breast cancer cells results in antiestrogen resistance. In order to identify novel therapeutic targets to prevent this antiestrogen resistance, we performed kinase inhibitor screens with 273 different inhibitors in MCF7 cells overexpressing IGF1R or EGFR. Kinase inhibitors that antagonized antiestrogen resistance but are not directly involved in IGF1R or EGFR signaling were prioritized for further analyses. Various ALK (anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase) inhibitors inhibited cell proliferation in IGF1R expressing cells under normal and antiestrogen resistance conditions by preventing IGF1R activation and subsequent downstream signaling; the ALK inhibitors did not affect EGFR signaling. On the other hand, MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase)1/2 inhibitors, including PD0325901, selumetinib, trametinib and TAK733, selectively antagonized IGF1R signaling-mediated antiestrogen resistance but did not affect cell proliferation under normal growth conditions. RNAseq analysis revealed that MEK inhibitors PD0325901 and selumetinib drastically altered cell cycle progression and cell migration networks under IGF1R signaling-mediated antiestrogen resistance. In a group of 219 patients with metastasized ER+ breast cancer, strong pMEK staining showed a significant correlation with no clinical benefit of first-line tamoxifen treatment. We propose a critical role for MEK activation in IGF1R signaling-mediated antiestrogen resistance and anticipate that dual-targeted therapy with a MEK inhibitor and antiestrogen could improve treatment outcome.
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Nayak RC, Chang KH, Singh AK, Kotliar M, Desai M, Wellendorf AM, Wunderlich M, Bartram J, Mizukawa B, Cuadrado M, Dexheimer P, Barski A, Bustelo XR, Nassar NN, Cancelas JA. Nuclear Vav3 is required for polycomb repression complex-1 activity in B-cell lymphoblastic leukemogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3056. [PMID: 35650206 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) results from oligo-clonal evolution of B-cell progenitors endowed with initiating and propagating leukemia properties. The activation of both the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Rac GEF) Vav3 and Rac GTPases is required for leukemogenesis mediated by the oncogenic fusion protein BCR-ABL. Vav3 expression becomes predominantly nuclear upon expression of BCR-ABL signature. In the nucleus, Vav3 interacts with BCR-ABL, Rac, and the polycomb repression complex (PRC) proteins Bmi1, Ring1b and Ezh2. The GEF activity of Vav3 is required for the proliferation, Bmi1-dependent B-cell progenitor self-renewal, nuclear Rac activation, protein interaction with Bmi1, mono-ubiquitination of H2A(K119) (H2AK119Ub) and repression of PRC-1 (PRC1) downstream target loci, of leukemic B-cell progenitors. Vav3 deficiency results in de-repression of negative regulators of cell proliferation and repression of oncogenic transcriptional factors. Mechanistically, we show that Vav3 prevents the Phlpp2-sensitive and Akt (S473)-dependent phosphorylation of Bmi1 on the regulatory residue S314 that, in turn, promotes the transcriptional factor reprogramming of leukemic B-cell progenitors. These results highlight the importance of non-canonical nuclear Rho GTPase signaling in leukemogenesis. Ph+ and Ph-like B-ALL remain poor prognosis leukemias. VAV3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is activated and overexpressed in these leukemias. Here the authors reveal that leukemic VAV3 is predominantly nuclear. Nuclear VAV3, through its guanine nucleotide exchange factor and its effector nuclear RAC2, controls the repressive transcriptional activity of the polycomb repression complex-1 via nuclear AKT/PHLPP2 regulated BMI1.
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7
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Patel A, García-Closas M, Olshan AF, Perou CM, Troester MA, Love MI, Bhattacharya A. Gene-Level Germline Contributions to Clinical Risk of Recurrence Scores in Black and White Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:25-35. [PMID: 34711612 PMCID: PMC8732329 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Continuous risk of recurrence scores (CRS) based on tumor gene expression are vital prognostic tools for breast cancer. Studies have shown that Black women (BW) have higher CRS than White women (WW). Although systemic injustices contribute substantially to breast cancer disparities, evidence of biological and germline contributions is emerging. In this study, we investigated germline genetic associations with CRS and CRS disparity using approaches modeled after transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS). In the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, using race-specific predictive models of tumor expression from germline genetics, we performed race-stratified (N = 1,043 WW, 1,083 BW) linear regressions of three CRS (ROR-S: PAM50 subtype score; proliferation score; ROR-P: ROR-S plus proliferation score) on imputed tumor genetically regulated tumor expression (GReX). Bayesian multivariate regression and adaptive shrinkage tested GReX-prioritized genes for associations with tumor PAM50 expression and subtype to elucidate patterns of germline regulation underlying GReX-CRS associations. At FDR-adjusted P < 0.10, 7 and 1 GReX prioritized genes among WW and BW, respectively. Among WW, CRS were positively associated with MCM10, FAM64A, CCNB2, and MMP1 GReX and negatively associated with VAV3, PCSK6, and GNG11 GReX. Among BW, higher MMP1 GReX predicted lower proliferation score and ROR-P. GReX-prioritized gene and PAM50 tumor expression associations highlighted potential mechanisms for GReX-prioritized gene to CRS associations. Among patients with breast cancer, differential germline associations with CRS were found by race, underscoring the need for larger, diverse datasets in molecular studies of breast cancer. These findings also suggest possible germline trans-regulation of PAM50 tumor expression, with potential implications for CRS interpretation in clinical settings. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies race-specific genetic associations with breast cancer risk of recurrence scores and suggests mediation of these associations by PAM50 subtype and expression, with implications for clinical interpretation of these scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achal Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael I Love
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Arjun Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Carolina
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Wu Y, Zhang X, Wei X, Feng H, Hu B, Deng Z, Liu B, Luan Y, Ruan Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Liu J, Wang T. Development of an Individualized Ubiquitin Prognostic Signature for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:684643. [PMID: 34239875 PMCID: PMC8258262 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.684643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common tumor type in genitourinary system and has a poor prognosis. Ubiquitin dependent modification systems have been reported in a variety of malignancies and have influenced tumor genesis and progression. However, the molecular characteristics and prognostic value of ubiquitin in ccRCC have not been systematically reported. In our study, 204 differentially expressed ubiquitin related genes (URGs) were identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, including 141 up-regulated and 63 down-regulated URGs. A total of seven prognostic related URGs (CDCA3, CHFR, CORO6, RNF175, TRIM72, VAV3, and WDR72) were identified by Cox regression analysis of differential URGs and used to construct a prognostic signature. Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed that high-risk patients had a worse prognosis (P = 1.11e-16), and the predicted area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.735 at 1 year, 0.702 at 3 years, and 0.744 at 5 years, showing good prediction accuracy. Stratified analysis showed that the URGs-based prognostic signature could be used to evaluate tumor progression in ccRCC. Further analysis confirmed that the signature is an independent prognostic factor related to the prognosis of ccRCC patients, which may help to reveal the molecular mechanism of ccRCC and provide potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyao Deng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Schwartz AD, Adusei A, Tsegaye S, Moskaluk CA, Schneider SS, Platt MO, Seifu D, Peyton SR, Babbitt CC. Genetic Mutations Associated with Hormone-Positive Breast Cancer in a Small Cohort of Ethiopian Women. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:1900-1908. [PMID: 34142276 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02800-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In Ethiopia, a breast cancer diagnosis is associated with a prognosis significantly worse than that of Europe and the US. Further, patients presenting with breast cancer in Ethiopia are far younger, on average, and patients are typically diagnosed at very late stages, relative to breast cancer patients of European descent. Emerging data suggest that a large proportion of Ethiopian patients have hormone-positive (ER+) breast cancer. This is surprising given (1) that patients have late-stage breast cancer at the time of diagnosis, (2) that African Americans with breast cancer frequently have triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and (3) these patients typically receive chemotherapy, not hormone-targeting drugs. To further examine the similarity of Ethiopian breast tumors to those of African Americans or of those of European descent, we sequenced matched tumor and normal adjacent tissue from Ethiopian patients from a small pilot collection. We identified mutations in 615 genes across all three patients, unique to the tumor tissue. Across this analysis, we found far more mutations shared between Ethiopian patient tissue and that from white patients (103) than we did comparing to African Americans (3). Several mutations were found in extracellular matrix encoding genes with known roles in tumor cell growth and metastasis. We suggest future mechanistic studies on this disease focus on these genes first, toward finding new treatment strategies for breast cancer patients in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa D Schwartz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Afua Adusei
- Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Solomon Tsegaye
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Sallie S Schneider
- Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.,Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Manu O Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 950 Atlantic Drive, Suite 3015, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Daniel Seifu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Department of Biochemistry, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Shelly R Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. .,Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. .,Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
| | - Courtney C Babbitt
- Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. .,Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. .,Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
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10
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Ojala VK, Knittle AM, Kirjalainen P, Merilahti JAM, Kortesoja M, Tvorogov D, Vaparanta K, Lin S, Kast J, Pulliainen AT, Kurppa KJ, Elenius K. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 participates in ERBB4-mediated cancer cell migration. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11559-11571. [PMID: 32561640 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB4 is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ERBB subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases that regulates cellular processes including proliferation, migration, and survival. ERBB4 signaling is involved in embryogenesis and homeostasis of healthy adult tissues, but also in human pathologies such as cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, an MS-based analysis revealed the Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 (VAV3), an activator of Rho family GTPases, as a critical ERBB4-interacting protein in breast cancer cells. We confirmed the ERBB4-VAV3 interaction by targeted MS and coimmunoprecipitation experiments and further defined it by demonstrating that kinase activity and Tyr-1022 and Tyr-1162 of ERBB4, as well as the intact phosphotyrosine-interacting SH2 domain of VAV3, are necessary for this interaction. We found that ERBB4 stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of the VAV3 activation domain, known to be required for guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of VAV proteins. In addition to VAV3, the other members of the VAV family, VAV1 and VAV2, also coprecipitated with ERBB4. Analyses of the effects of overexpression of dominant-negative VAV3 constructs or shRNA-mediated down-regulation of VAV3 expression in breast cancer cells indicated that active VAV3 is involved in ERBB4-stimulated cell migration. These results define the VAV GEFs as effectors of ERBB4 activity in a signaling pathway relevant for cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veera K Ojala
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna M Knittle
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Peppi Kirjalainen
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Johannes A M Merilahti
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maarit Kortesoja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Denis Tvorogov
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Katri Vaparanta
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Shujun Lin
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jürgen Kast
- Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Arto T Pulliainen
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari J Kurppa
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Klaus Elenius
- Institute of Biomedicine and Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland .,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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11
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Maldonado MDM, Medina JI, Velazquez L, Dharmawardhane S. Targeting Rac and Cdc42 GEFs in Metastatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:201. [PMID: 32322580 PMCID: PMC7156542 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho family GTPases Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 have emerged as key players in cancer metastasis, due to their essential roles in regulating cell division and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements; and thus, cell growth, migration/invasion, polarity, and adhesion. This review will focus on the close homologs Rac and Cdc42, which have been established as drivers of metastasis and therapy resistance in multiple cancer types. Rac and Cdc42 are often dysregulated in cancer due to hyperactivation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), belonging to both the diffuse B-cell lymphoma (Dbl) and dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) families. Rac/Cdc42 GEFs are activated by a myriad of oncogenic cell surface receptors, such as growth factor receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, cytokine receptors, and integrins; consequently, a number of Rac/Cdc42 GEFs have been implicated in metastatic cancer. Hence, inhibiting GEF-mediated Rac/Cdc42 activation represents a promising strategy for targeted metastatic cancer therapy. Herein, we focus on the role of oncogenic Rac/Cdc42 GEFs and discuss the recent advancements in the development of Rac and Cdc42 GEF-interacting inhibitors as targeted therapy for metastatic cancer, as well as their potential for overcoming cancer therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Maldonado
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Julia Isabel Medina
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis Velazquez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Suranganie Dharmawardhane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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12
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Abstract
Breast cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancer in women, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among female patients However, the key microRNAs involved in its tumorigenesis and microRNAs of prognostic values have not been fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to perform a systematic analysis of microRNA expression profiles to identify some key microRNAs associated with tumor initiation and prognosis. Using TCGA breast cancer datasets, we identified 110 differentially expressed microRNAs. The functional enrichment analysis of the upregulated microRNAs revealed signaling transduction pathways, such as Notch and Wnt signaling pathway, and metabolism-related pathways such as sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and oxidative stress response. Moreover, multivariable Cox model based on three variables of hsa-mir-130a, hsa-mir-3677, and hsa-mir-1247 stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, which showed significant prognostic difference. In addition, we also tested the performance of this model in patient cohorts of any specific breast cancer subtypes or different TNM stages. The high performance in risk prediction was also observed in all of breast cancer subtypes and TNM stages. We also observed that there were highly possible interactions between hsa-mir-130a and seven target genes. Among these target genes, VAV3 and ESR1 were predicted as the target genes of hsa-mir-130a, suggesting that hsa-mir-130a may function by regulating the expression of VAV3 and ESR1 in breast cancer. In conclusion, the stratification based on the multivariable Cox model showed high performance in risk prediction. The dysregulated microRNAs and prognostic microRNAs greatly improved our understanding of the microRNA-related molecular mechanism underlying breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen Lu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
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13
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Chen Z, Chen X, Lu B, Gu Y, Chen Q, Lei T, Nie F, Gu J, Huang J, Wei C, Sun M, Wang Z. Up-regulated LINC01234 promotes non-small-cell lung cancer cell metastasis by activating VAV3 and repressing BTG2 expression. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:7. [PMID: 31959200 PMCID: PMC6972004 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate tumorigenesis and cancer progression, but their contributions to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis remain poorly understood. Our previous and other studies have revealed the involvement of upregulated LINC01234 in regulating gastric cancer and colon cancer cells proliferation, and we aimed to investigate whether LINC01234 overexpression also contribute to cancer cells metastasis in this study. Methods We collect the NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues and analyzed expression levels of LINC01234 by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. LINC01234 were knocked down by using siRNAs or shRNAs, and overexpressed by transfection with overexpression vector; RNA levels of miRNA were downregulated or upregulated with inhibitors or mimics. Transwell assays were used to evaluate cell migration and invasive ability; in vivo metastasis experiments were performed to investigate the effect of LINC01234 on NSCLC cells metastasis. Luciferase reporter, RIP, and ChIP assays were used to determine the regulation of LINC01234 on its targets. Results LINC01234 expression is increased in NSCLC tissues, and its upregulation is associated with metastasis and shorter survival in NSCLC. Downregulation of LINC01234 impairs cell migration and invasion in vitro, and inhibits cells metastasis in vivo by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for the miR-340-5p and miR-27b-3p. LINC01234 also interacts with the RNA-binding proteins LSD1 and EZH2, leading to histone modification and transcriptional repression of the anti-proliferative genes BTG2. Conclusions Taken together, our findings identify two oncogenic regulatory axes in NSCLC centering on LINC01234: one involving miR-340-5p/miR-27b-3p in the cytoplasm and the second involving EZH2, LSD1, and BTG2 in the nucleus. Our study indicates that these genes may be targeted to reduce or prevent NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyao Chen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Xin Chen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Binbin Lu
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Yu Gu
- Faculty of Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Qinnan Chen
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Tianyao Lei
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Fengqi Nie
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Jingyao Gu
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Jiali Huang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Chenchen Wei
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, 210011.
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14
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Boesch M, Sopper S, Marth C, Fiegl H, Wiedemair A, Rössler J, Hatina J, Wolf D, Reimer D, Zeimet AG. Evaluation of Vav3.1 as prognostic marker in endometrial cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:2067-2076. [PMID: 30083818 PMCID: PMC6153599 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vav3 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that regulates the activity of Rho/Rac family GTPases. In a study on ovarian cancer, we recently demonstrated pronounced prognostic and predictive value of Vav3.1, a specific truncation variant of the parental Vav3 gene. Here, we sought to investigate the role of Vav3.1 in the most prevalent gynecological tumor entity, endometrial cancer. METHODS Vav3.1 transcript levels were determined in a large cohort of endometrial cancer patients using variant-specific PCR (n = 239), and non-malignant endometrial tissue served as control (n = 26). Expression levels of Vav3.1 were stratified according to established clinicopathological characteristics and correlated to long-term patient survival (average follow-up of > 7.5 years). Type 1 and type 2 cancers were separately investigated. RESULTS While Vav3.1 was markedly overexpressed in endometrial cancer tissue, we could not detect associations with clinical parameters related to prognosis, such as FIGO stage and tumor grade. Kaplan-Meier estimators of different measures of survival failed to show prognostic significance of Vav3.1 in endometrial cancer. Lack of prognostic value was observed for both type 1 and type 2 cancers. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that Vav3.1 is not suited as a marker of cancer progression and/or treatment response in endometrial cancer. Feasibility and potential benefit of targeting Vav3.1 in endometrial cancer needs to be evaluated in future studies, proceeding from its clear, roughly ten-fold, induction in the malignant endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Boesch
- Lungenzentrum, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland. .,Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck (MUI), 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. .,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. .,Oncotyrol, Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck (MUI), 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Oncotyrol, Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Marth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heidi Fiegl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annemarie Wiedemair
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Rössler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jiri Hatina
- Department of Biology and Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine Pilsen, Charles University Prague, 30100, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck (MUI), 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Oncotyrol, Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Medical Clinic III, Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB), 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Reimer
- Oncotyrol, Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alain G Zeimet
- Oncotyrol, Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. .,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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15
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Casado-Medrano V, Baker MJ, Lopez-Haber C, Cooke M, Wang S, Caloca MJ, Kazanietz MG. The role of Rac in tumor susceptibility and disease progression: from biochemistry to the clinic. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1003-12. [PMID: 30065108 DOI: 10.1042/BST20170519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The family of Rho GTPases are involved in the dynamic control of cytoskeleton reorganization and other fundamental cellular functions, including growth, motility, and survival. Rac1, one of the best characterized Rho GTPases, is an established effector of receptors and an important node in signaling networks crucial for tumorigenesis and metastasis. Rac1 hyperactivation is common in human cancer and could be the consequence of overexpression, abnormal upstream inputs, deregulated degradation, and/or anomalous intracellular localization. More recently, cancer-associated gain-of-function mutations in Rac1 have been identified which contribute to tumor phenotypes and confer resistance to targeted therapies. Deregulated expression/activity of Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors responsible for Rac activation has been largely associated with a metastatic phenotype and drug resistance. Translating our extensive knowledge in Rac pathway biochemistry into a clinical setting still remains a major challenge; nonetheless, remarkable opportunities for cancer therapeutics arise from promising lead compounds targeting Rac and its effectors.
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16
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Bustelo XR. RHO GTPases in cancer: known facts, open questions, and therapeutic challenges. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:741-760. [PMID: 29871878 PMCID: PMC7615761 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RHO GTPases have been traditionally associated with protumorigenic functions. While this paradigm is still valid in many cases, recent data have unexpectedly revealed that RHO proteins can also play tumor suppressor roles. RHO signaling elements can also promote both pro- and antitumorigenic effects using GTPase-independent mechanisms, thus giving an extra layer of complexity to the role of these proteins in cancer. Consistent with these variegated roles, both gain- and loss-of-function mutations in RHO pathway genes have been found in cancer patients. Collectively, these observations challenge long-held functional archetypes for RHO proteins in both normal and cancer cells. In this review, I will summarize these data and discuss new questions arising from them such as the functional and clinical relevance of the mutations found in patients, the mechanistic orchestration of those antagonistic functions in tumors, and the pros and cons that these results represent for the development of RHO-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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17
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Cardama GA, Alonso DF, Gonzalez N, Maggio J, Gomez DE, Rolfo C, Menna PL. Relevance of small GTPase Rac1 pathway in drug and radio-resistance mechanisms: Opportunities in cancer therapeutics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 124:29-36. [PMID: 29548483 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rac1 GTPase signaling pathway has a critical role in the regulation of a plethora of cellular functions governing cancer cell behavior. Recently, it has been shown a critical role of Rac1 in the emergence of resistance mechanisms to cancer therapy. This review describes the current knowledge regarding Rac1 pathway deregulation and its association with chemoresistance, radioresistance, resistance to targeted therapies and immune evasion. This supports the idea that interfering Rac1 signaling pathway could be an interesting approach to tackle cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Cardama
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D F Alonso
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Maggio
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D E Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Rolfo
- Phase I-Early Clinical trials Unit, Oncology Department Antwerp University Hospital & Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Antwerp University, Belgium.
| | - P L Menna
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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18
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Dreijerink KMA, Groner AC, Vos ESM, Font-Tello A, Gu L, Chi D, Reyes J, Cook J, Lim E, Lin CY, de Laat W, Rao PK, Long HW, Brown M. Enhancer-Mediated Oncogenic Function of the Menin Tumor Suppressor in Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2359-72. [PMID: 28273452 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene functions as a tumor suppressor in a variety of cancer types, we explored its oncogenic role in breast tumorigenesis. The MEN1 gene product menin is involved in H3K4 trimethylation and co-activates transcription. We integrated ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data to identify menin target genes. Our analysis revealed that menin-dependent target gene promoters display looping to distal enhancers that are bound by menin, FOXA1 and GATA3. In this fashion, MEN1 co-regulates a proliferative breast cancer-specific gene expression program in ER+ cells. In primary mammary cells, MEN1 exerts an anti-proliferative function by regulating a distinct expression signature. Our findings clarify the cell-type-specific functions of MEN1 and inform the development of menin-directed treatments for breast cancer.
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李 勇, 檀 碧. Vav基因家族的分子调控机制及其与消化系恶性肿瘤的关系. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:2102-2108. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i23.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vav基因家族包括Vav1、Vav2、Vav3基因, 在生理及病理过程中都发挥着重要的调控作用. 近年来发现Vav基因家族成员与消化系恶性肿瘤有较为密切的关系, 已取得了一些研究成果. 但迄今为止有关Vav基因家族成员与消化系恶性肿瘤关系的研究还不全面, 且有一些结果不一致. 因此, 总结Vav基因家族成员的调控机制并分析其在消化系恶性肿瘤中发挥的作用有可能对阐明发病机制、提出新的治疗靶点有益. 故本文对Vav基因家族的分子功能、调控机制及在消化系恶性肿瘤中的作用进行了综述及总结, 并对该基因家族的潜在价值进行了预测.
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20
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Kazanietz MG, Caloca MJ. The Rac GTPase in Cancer: From Old Concepts to New Paradigms. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5445-5451. [PMID: 28807941 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Rho family GTPases are critical regulators of cellular functions that play important roles in cancer progression. Aberrant activity of Rho small G-proteins, particularly Rac1 and their regulators, is a hallmark of cancer and contributes to the tumorigenic and metastatic phenotypes of cancer cells. This review examines the multiple mechanisms leading to Rac1 hyperactivation, particularly focusing on emerging paradigms that involve gain-of-function mutations in Rac and guanine nucleotide exchange factors, defects in Rac1 degradation, and mislocalization of Rac signaling components. The unexpected pro-oncogenic functions of Rac GTPase-activating proteins also challenged the dogma that these negative Rac regulators solely act as tumor suppressors. The potential contribution of Rac hyperactivation to resistance to anticancer agents, including targeted therapies, as well as to the suppression of antitumor immune response, highlights the critical need to develop therapeutic strategies to target the Rac pathway in a clinical setting. Cancer Res; 77(20); 5445-51. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo G Kazanietz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Maria J Caloca
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
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Lee MR, Lin C, Lu CC, Kuo SC, Tsao JW, Juan YN, Chiu HY, Lee FY, Yang JS, Tsai FJ. YC-1 induces G 0/G 1 phase arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer CAR cells. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2017; 7:12. [PMID: 28612710 PMCID: PMC5479426 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2017070205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a serious and fatal disease. Cisplatin is the first line of chemotherapeutic agent for oral cancer therapy. However, the development of drug resistance and severe side effects cause tremendous problems clinically. In this study, we investigated the pharmacologic mechanisms of YC-1 on cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer cell line, CAR. Our results indicated that YC-1 induced a concentration-dependent and time-dependent decrease in viability of CAR cells analyzed by MTT assay. Real-time image analysis of CAR cells by IncuCyte™ Kinetic Live Cell Imaging System demonstrated that YC-1 inhibited cell proliferation and reduced cell confluence in a time-dependent manner. Results from flow cytometric analysis revealed that YC-1 promoted G0/G1 phase arrest and provoked apoptosis in CAR cells. The effects of cell cycle arrest by YC-1 were further supported by up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of cyclin A, D, E and CDK2 protein levels. TUNEL staining showed that YC-1 caused DNA fragmentation, a late stage feature of apoptosis. In addition, YC-1 increased the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3, disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential (AYm) and stimulated ROS production in CAR cells. The protein levels of cytochrome c, Bax and Bak were elevated while Bcl-2 protein expression was attenuated in YC-1-treated CAR cells. In summary, YC-1 suppressed the viability of cisplatin-resistant CAR cells through inhibiting cell proliferation, arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and triggering mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Our results provide evidences to support the potentially therapeutic application of YC-1 on fighting against drug resistant oral cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miau-Rong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan - Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chu Kuo
- Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan - School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Je-Wei Tsao
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Juan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Chiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Lee
- Yung-Shin Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Tachia, Taichung 437, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan - School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan - Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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22
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Tan B, Li Y, Wang C, Tan M, Fan L, Zhao Q, Wang D, Jia N. The clinical value of Vav3 in peripheral blood for predicting lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2017; 74:133-137. [PMID: 28513273 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2017.1278889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Tan
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Y. Li
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - C. Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - M. Tan
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - L. Fan
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Q. Zhao
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - D. Wang
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - N. Jia
- Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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23
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Nourmoussavi M, Pansegrau G, Popesku J, Hammond GL, Kwon JS, Carey MS. Ovarian ablation for premenopausal breast cancer: A review of treatment considerations and the impact of premature menopause. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 55:26-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Gonzalez N, Cardama G, Comin M, Segatori V, Pifano M, Alonso D, Gomez D, Menna P. Pharmacological inhibition of Rac1-PAK1 axis restores tamoxifen sensitivity in human resistant breast cancer cells. Cell Signal 2017; 30:154-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Katzav S. Vav1: A Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde protein--good for the hematopoietic system, bad for cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:28731-42. [PMID: 26353933 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many deregulated signal transducer proteins are involved in various cancers at numerous stages of tumor development. One of these, Vav1, is normally expressed exclusively in the hematopoietic system, where it functions as a specific GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), strictly regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. Vav was first identified in an NIH3T3 screen for oncogenes. Although the oncogenic form of Vav1 identified in the screen has not been detected in clinical human tumors, its wild-type form has recently been implicated in mammalian malignancies, including neuroblastoma, melanoma, pancreatic, lung and breast cancers, and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In addition, it was recently identified as a mutated gene in human cancers of various origins. However, the activity and contribution to cancer of these Vav1 mutants is still unclear. This review addresses the physiological function of wild-type Vav1 and its activity as an oncogene in human cancer. It also discusses the novel mutations identified in Vav1 in various cancers and their potential contribution to cancer development as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes.
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Kangaspeska S, Hultsch S, Jaiswal A, Edgren H, Mpindi JP, Eldfors S, Brück O, Aittokallio T, Kallioniemi O. Systematic drug screening reveals specific vulnerabilities and co-resistance patterns in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:378. [PMID: 27378269 PMCID: PMC4932681 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The estrogen receptor (ER) inhibitor tamoxifen reduces breast cancer mortality by 31 % and has served as the standard treatment for ER-positive breast cancers for decades. However, 50 % of advanced ER-positive cancers display de novo resistance to tamoxifen, and acquired resistance evolves in 40 % of patients who initially respond. Mechanisms underlying resistance development remain poorly understood and new therapeutic opportunities are urgently needed. Here, we report the generation and characterization of seven tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cell lines from four parental strains. Methods Using high throughput drug sensitivity and resistance testing (DSRT) with 279 approved and investigational oncology drugs, exome-sequencing and network analysis, we for the first time, systematically determine the drug response profiles specific to tamoxifen resistance. Results We discovered emerging vulnerabilities towards specific drugs, such as ERK1/2-, proteasome- and BCL-family inhibitors as the cells became tamoxifen-resistant. Co-resistance to other drugs such as the survivin inhibitor YM155 and the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel also occurred. Conclusion This study indicates that multiple molecular mechanisms dictate endocrine resistance, resulting in unexpected vulnerabilities to initially ineffective drugs, as well as in emerging co-resistances. Thus, combatting drug-resistant tumors will require patient-tailored strategies in order to identify new drug vulnerabilities, and to understand the associated co-resistance patterns. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2452-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kangaspeska
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland. .,Present address: Helsinki Innovation Services, Tukholmankatu 8 A, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Susanne Hultsch
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alok Jaiswal
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Edgren
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Present address: MediSapiens Ltd, Erottajankatu 19B, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John-Patrick Mpindi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Eldfors
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Oscar Brück
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Present address: Science for Life Laboratory, Department Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
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Ramirez UD, Nikonova AS, Liu H, Pecherskaya A, Lawrence SH, Serebriiskii IG, Zhou Y, Robinson MK, Einarson MB, Golemis EA, Jaffe EK. Compounds identified by virtual docking to a tetrameric EGFR extracellular domain can modulate Grb2 internalization. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:436. [PMID: 26016476 PMCID: PMC4451962 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overexpression or mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) potently enhances the growth of many solid tumors. Tumor cells frequently display resistance to mechanistically-distinct EGFR-directed therapeutic agents, making it valuable to develop therapeutics that work by additional mechanisms. Current EGFR-targeting therapeutics include antibodies targeting the extracellular domains, and small molecules inhibiting the intracellular kinase domain. Recent studies have identified a novel prone extracellular tetrameric EGFR configuration, which we identify as a potential target for drug discovery. Methods Our focus is on the prone EGFR tetramer, which contains a novel protein-protein interface involving extracellular domain III. This EGFR tetramer is computationally targeted for stabilization by small molecule ligand binding. This study performed virtual screening of a Life Chemicals, Inc. small molecule library of 345,232 drug-like compounds against a molecular dynamics simulation of protein-protein interfaces distinct to the novel tetramer. One hundred nine chemically diverse candidate molecules were selected and evaluated using a cell-based high-content imaging screen that directly assessed induced internalization of the EGFR effector protein Grb2. Positive hits were further evaluated for influence on phosphorylation of EGFR and its effector ERK1/2. Results Fourteen hit compounds affected internalization of Grb2, an adaptor responsive to EGFR activation. Most hits had limited effect on cell viability, and minimally influenced EGFR and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Docked hit compound poses generally include Arg270 or neighboring residues, which are also involved in binding the effective therapeutic cetuximab, guiding further chemical optimization. Conclusions These data suggest that the EGFR tetrameric configuration offers a novel cancer drug target. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1415-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula D Ramirez
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Anna S Nikonova
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Hanqing Liu
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Anna Pecherskaya
- Translational Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Sarah H Lawrence
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Ilya G Serebriiskii
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA. .,Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Yan Zhou
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Matthew K Robinson
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Margret B Einarson
- Translational Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Eileen K Jaffe
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
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Zubrilov I, Sagi-Assif O, Izraely S, Meshel T, Ben-Menahem S, Ginat R, Pasmanik-Chor M, Nahmias C, Couraud PO, Hoon DS. Vemurafenib resistance selects for highly malignant brain and lung-metastasizing melanoma cells. Cancer Lett. 2015;361:86-96. [PMID: 25725450 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
V600E being the most common mutation in BRAF, leads to constitutive activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. The majority of V600E BRAF positive melanoma patients treated with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib showed initial good clinical responses but relapsed due to acquired resistance to the drug. The aim of the present study was to identify possible biomarkers associated with the emergence of drug resistant melanoma cells. To this end we analyzed the differential gene expression of vemurafenib-sensitive and vemurafenib resistant brain and lung metastasizing melanoma cells. The major finding of this study is that the in vitro induction of vemurafenib resistance in melanoma cells is associated with an increased malignancy phenotype of these cells. Resistant cells expressed higher levels of genes coding for cancer stem cell markers (JARID1B, CD271 and Fibronectin) as well as genes involved in drug resistance (ABCG2), cell invasion and promotion of metastasis (MMP-1 and MMP-2). We also showed that drug-resistant melanoma cells adhere better to and transmigrate more efficiently through lung endothelial cells than drug-sensitive cells. The former cells also alter their microenvironment in a different manner from that of drug-sensitive cells. Biomarkers and molecular mechanisms associated with drug resistance may serve as targets for therapy of drug-resistant cancer.
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