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Ashrafi E, Sauvageau D, Elliott JW. Effects of different cryopreservation parameters on the differences between trypan blue and fluorescent SYTO 13/GelRed assays. Cryobiology 2024:104883. [PMID: 38452848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Post-thaw cell viability assessment is very important in cryopreservation because it is the main assessment method used to optimize the cryopreservation protocols for each cell type; hence, having standardized accurate, quick, and reliable assays for post-thaw cell viability measurements is of utmost importance. The trypan blue exclusion assay and nucleic-acid-binding fluorescence-based assays are two different methods for cell viability assessment. Both assays identify cells with damaged membranes by whether they let a compound enter the cell. In this study, these two assays are compared in the context of cryopreservation and the impacts of important cryopreservation parameters on the differences in measurements are investigated. H9c2 myoblasts were cryopreserved with different freezing protocols. Cell membrane integrities were measured immediately after thaw as well as after cryoprotectant removal by a hemocytometer-based trypan blue dye exclusion assay and a dual fluorometric SYTO 13/GelRed assay; and the results were compared. This study quantifies how i) the absence or presence of different cryoprotectants, ii) different cell-cryoprotectant incubation conditions, and iii) the presence or removal of cryoprotectants after thaw affect the differences between these two viability assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ashrafi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Dominic Sauvageau
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - JanetA W Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Hameed N, Akhter S, Souza-Fabjan JMG, Zubair M, Irfan-Ur-Rehman Khan M. Effects of different extenders, storage temperatures, and antioxidant supplementation on chilled semen quality: a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:85. [PMID: 38386220 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The successful preservation of ram semen is essential to promote genetic variability, ensure semen transportation, and inseminate multiple ewes. Currently, either animal or plant-based lipoprotein-based extenders are used for semen preservation. Animal product-based extenders include milk and egg yolk, while soybean lecithin is a plant-based extender. Although extenders containing products of animal origin better preserve the quality of chilled semen, the in vivo efficacy after 24 h of storage is still of great concern. Storage temperature is another important and effective factor in preserving sperm quality, whereby different storage temperatures are adopted to enhance the storage life of sperm. Low temperatures (4-5 °C) better preserve sperm quality for a longer duration than high temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C). Moreover, antioxidant supplementation has a positive impact on sperm quality during liquid storage. The current review summarizes the outcomes of various extenders, different storage temperatures, and antioxidant supplementation on the liquid storage of ram sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Hameed
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Shereen Akhter
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
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Hameed N, Zubair M, Ahmad N, Durrani AZ, Khan MIUR. Effects of extender type and storage time on sperm quality parameters of Kail ram semen stored at 5 °C. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:171. [PMID: 37093355 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to evaluate the effect of different extenders and storage times on sperm quality parameters of extended Kail ram semen. Semen was collected from five adult Kail rams using an artificial vagina. Semen samples with >70% total sperm motility were pooled, diluted with Tris (TR), sodium citrate (SC), and skim milk (SM)-based extenders, and stored at 5 °C. Sperm motility and kinematics, viability, and plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity were assessed every 24 hrs for 120 hrs. Sperm longevity was estimated by placing semen in a water bath at 37°C to assess sperm kinematics. Storage time as the main effect had a negative (P < 0.05) impact on sperm quality parameters. The percentages of total motile (TM), progressive motile (PM), rapid, and medium progressive (MP) motile sperm were similar at 24 hrs of storage for the three extenders. However, semen extended in TR had a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of TM, PM, rapid, and MP sperm compared to SM and SC extenders at 48 hrs of storage. The sperm kinematics (VCL, VSL, VAP, and ALH) of progressive sperm were similar for all three extenders up to 72 hrs of storage. In addition, semen extended in TR had a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of sperm with intact plasma and acrosomal membranes at a storage time of 48 hrs. At 37 °C, the percentage of TM and PM sperm was higher (P < 0.05) in the TR extender than in the SM and SC extenders at 60 minutes and beyond. In conclusion, the Kail ram sperm extended in TR and stored at 5 °C maintained better quality after 48 hrs storage than sperm extended in SM and SC extenders. At 37 °C, sperm extended in TR also retained better quality parameters at 60 min and afterward than sperm extended in SM and SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Hameed
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
| | - Nasim Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Zameer Durrani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Semen Parameters of Fertile Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Collected by Transrectal Electroejaculation. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10050767. [PMID: 32354009 PMCID: PMC7278442 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The guinea pig is an important livestock species in some South American countries. Peruvian guinea pig exports are still increasing since 2000. Peru has made genetic improvements on the species since 1986. However, there are few advances in reproductive biotechnology. Thus, there is a lack of information about harmless, efficient semen collection techniques in the species. Consequently, the selection of fertile males takes a long time due to the absence of validated seminal parameter standards. For that reason, it is necessary to set semen reference values through an objective electroejaculation technique for guinea pigs. This study describes semen parameters of fertile males and validates a novel semen collection technique for the species. These values will serve as a reference to detect infertile males and to select the best males for breeding purposes, improving the reproductive performance on farms. Abstract The guinea pig, as a livestock species, is still developing and growing throughout Peru and neighboring countries, as reflected by its increasing export since 2000. However, the selection of proven fertile males is tedious due to the absence of seminal parameter standards and the lack of safe semen collection techniques. Thus, pregnancy detection or live births are required for males’ selection. The purpose of this study was to describe the qualitative and quantitative semen parameters of fertile guinea pig males, to set reference values, and to validate a novel electroejaculation technique for the species. Semen was collected at weekly intervals from sixteen fertile males. Four transrectal electroejaculations were performed per male with 95% successful collections, yielding 39 viable semen samples. Seminal characteristics were as follows: pH 7.0 ± 0.13; ejaculate volume 0.67 ± 0.55 mL; sperm motility 90.81 ± 6.64%; sperm concentration 36.7 ± 28.41 × 106 sperm/mL; sperm count 20.09 ± 17.56 × 106 sperm/ejaculate; percentage of abnormal morphology 18.26 ± 8.52%; and percentage ubiquitinated spermatozoa 5.57 ± 6.28%. These values will serve as a reference to detect best breeding and infertile males rapidly. The described techniques are reproducible by commercial producers.
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Paul RK, Balaganur K, Bahire SV, Kumar D, Singh R. Supplementation of cauda epididymal plasma improves sperm characteristics following liquid preservation of ram semen at 3-5°C. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1389-1401. [PMID: 31039947 DOI: 10.1071/rd18063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian spermatozoa remain immotile and metabolically inactive in the cauda epididymidis, thus maintaining fertility for several weeks. The aim of this study was to functionally characterise and evaluate the effect of cauda epididymal plasma (CEP) on liquid preservation of ram spermatozoa. Four experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of: (1) CEP and its fractions on sperm motility; (2) CEP (10%, 15%, 20% v/v) on liquid preservation of ram spermatozoa; (3) seminal plasma (SP; 20%, 30%, 50% v/v) on liquid-preserved spermatozoa; and (4) both CEP and post-storage SP treatment on sperm characteristics. Biochemical characterisation of ram CEP revealed high protein (30.9mgmL-1), catalase (68.9IUmL-1), alkaline phosphatase (17.5IUmL-1) activities and total antioxidant capacity (1112µM Trolox equivalent). Progressive motility of prewashed cauda spermatozoa was reduced (P<0.05) by CEP or its protein-rich fraction compared with protein-free plasma or phosphate-buffered saline. After 48h storage, total motility, rapid motility (average path velocity >75µms-1; 53.9%, 73.5% and 71.8% with 0, 15% and 20% CEP respectively) and straight line velocity (86.3, 102.1 and 102.4µms-1 with 0, 15% and 20% CEP respectively) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the CEP-treated groups than the control. Viability and acrosomal integrity were similar between groups; however, functional membrane integrity was higher (P<0.05) in the 15% CEP-treated group. Treatment of liquid-preserved spermatozoa with either 20%, 30% or 50% SP improved (P<0.05) rapid motility and kinematics at each time point of storage compared with control. In conclusion, liquid preservation of ram spermatozoa in the presence of 15% or 20% CEP and post-storage treatment with SP significantly improve sperm characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Paul
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan, Pin-304 501, India
| | - K Balaganur
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan, Pin-304 501, India
| | - S V Bahire
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan, Pin-304 501, India
| | - D Kumar
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan, Pin-304 501, India
| | - R Singh
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan, Pin-304 501, India
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Arando A, Delgado JV, León JM, Nogales S, Navas-González FJ, Pizarro MG, Pérez-Marín CC. Effect of three commercial extenders on sperm motility and fertility in liquid ram semen stored at 15 °C or 5 °C. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:430-444. [PMID: 31549544 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different extenders on sperm motility and fertility was evaluated during liquid storage of ram semen at 5 °C and 15 °C. The semen was collected, pooled and diluted in three commercial extenders: Inra 96® (INRA) based on skimmed milk, Biladyl® A fraction (BIL) based on egg yolk, and Ovixcell® (OVIX) based on soybean lecithin. Then, sperm motility was evaluated at 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. In order to evaluate fertility, samples stored at 15 °C were used after dilution in INRA and OVIX. Results showed that progressive motility was significantly higher up to 72 h of storage in sperm samples maintained at 5 °C in comparison with 15 °C, similarly for each tested diluent. When samples were stored at 5 °C in OVIX, kinematic parameters such as velocity (except curvilinear velocity, VCL), trajectory [linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), wobble (WOB)], amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat/cross frequency (BCF) were higher than in INRA and BIL. No significant differences in pregnancy rate were detected between INRA (62.6%) and OVIX (58.9%). In conclusion, liquid storage at 5 °C with OVIX extender is an interesting option since non-animal components are used, and this extender offers similar in vitro and in vivo efficacy as other extenders containing animal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ander Arando
- 1Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cadiz km 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Vicente Delgado
- 1Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cadiz km 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Sergio Nogales
- 1Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cadiz km 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - María Gabriela Pizarro
- 1Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid-Cadiz km 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
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Eslami M, Jahan-Roshan N, Farrokhi-Ardabili F. Influence of idebenone on ram semen quality stored at 4°C. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 54:486-497. [PMID: 30460718 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the effect of idebenone (Id), an antioxidant on ram semen quality. Semen samples were collected, pooled and diluted in a Tris-based extender supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 µM idebenone. Computer-assisted sperm analysis was used to evaluate spermatozoa kinematics. Sperm viability and membrane functionality were assessed respectively, by eosin-nigrosin staining and HOS test. Biochemical assays were carried out to measure different metabolites in spermatozoa and medium at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hr. Total and forward progressive motility were greater in 1, 2 and 4 µM idebenone treated groups compared to control at 24, 48 and 72 hr time points (p < 0.05). Semen supplementation with Id significantly increased viability and functionality of spermatozoa membrane during storage (p < 0.05). Lower amounts of lipid hydroperoxides in medium and spermatozoa were observed in Id-treated groups compared to control one at 24 and 48 hr of storage (p < 0.05). Medium and spermatozoa amounts of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were less in Id 4 µM group compared to the control at 72 hr (p < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity values and superoxide dismutase activity of spermatozoa and medium were greater in 2 and 4 µM idebenone treated groups in comparison with the control at 72 hr (p < 0.05). Results of the current study indicated that ram semen supplementation with Id at 4 µM level improved quality by ameliorating nitrosative and peroxidative stress, hence could be considered as an antioxidant additive during storage at 4°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Eslami
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Navid Jahan-Roshan
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Olexikova L, Miranda M, Kulikova B, Baláži A, Chrenek P. Cryodamage of plasma membrane and acrosome region in chicken sperm. Anat Histol Embryol 2018; 48:33-39. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Olexikova
- Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, NPPC; Lužianky Slovak Republic
| | - Marsia Miranda
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences; University of Molise; Campobasso Italy
| | - Barbora Kulikova
- Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, NPPC; Lužianky Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Baláži
- Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, NPPC; Lužianky Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Chrenek
- Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, NPPC; Lužianky Slovak Republic
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences; Slovak University of Agriculture; Nitra Slovak Republic
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology; UTP University of Science and Technology; Bydgoszcz Poland
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Paul RK, Kumar D, Naqvi S. Antioxidants protect proteins' anchorage to the bilayer by improving plasma membrane integrity of ram spermatozoa during liquid preservation in a soya lecithin-based diluent. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:1052-1060. [PMID: 28741693 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants are known to prevent the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated peroxidative damage to the membrane lipids during hypothermic storage of mammalian spermatozoa. We hypothesized here that ROS also affect the lipid-protein interactions, thereby diminishing the membrane's integrity and proteins' anchorage to the bilayer. Antioxidants prevent these damages by scavenging the ROS. Ejaculates from Patanwadi rams were pooled after subjective evaluation and centrifuged using Percoll® . Sperm pellet was resuspended in soya lecithin-Tris-fructose diluent (400 × 106 cells/ml) containing either antioxidants (100 IU/ml catalase + 10 mM reduced glutathione) or no antioxidant. Aliquots were chilled to 5°C in a cabinet and stored in a refrigerator at 3-5°C for 72 hr. Sperm motility, viability, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) were performed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hr. Sperm proteins extracted with 0.5% Triton X-100 were resolved by SDS-PAGE and quantified using Quantity One software (Bio-Rad, USA). The rapid motility, linearity and straight-line velocity (VSL) were found significantly (p < .05) higher in the antioxidant-treated group compared to the control at 48 hr of storage. Sperm viability was found comparable between the groups. Higher HOST response and lower LPO were found in the antioxidant-treated sample compared to the control both at 48 and at 72 hr. Overall, the proteins P1 (106.09 kDa), P2 (87.00 kDa) and P4 (51.14 kDa) were lower (p < .05) in the sperm extract of antioxidant-treated group compared to the control. The content of P4 (51.14 kDa) in sperm extract was found to increase (p < .05) earlier (48 vs. 72 hr) in the control group compared to the antioxidant-treated group. Altogether, the results suggested that antioxidants reduced LPO in spermatozoa, resulting in higher sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and protection of proteins' anchorage to the plasma membrane at 48 and 72 hr of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Paul
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Rajasthan, India
| | - D Kumar
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Rajasthan, India
| | - Smk Naqvi
- ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Rajasthan, India
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Jarosz Ł, Grądzki Z, Kalinowski M, Laskowska E. Quality of fresh and chilled-stored raccoon dog semen and its impact on artificial insemination efficiency. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:224. [PMID: 27724853 PMCID: PMC5057461 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of fresh raccoon dog semen and raccoon dog semen stored at 4 °C. The qualitative evaluation was based on apoptosis in the sperm cells, which was tested by the Annexin V/Pi assay, the TUNEL method and JC-1. In addition, the suitability of the semen for insemination and its effect on reproduction in females were determined in relation to the time of storage. Results During cold storage of the semen, in the samples from all groups a gradual decrease was noted in the percentage of live cells, and an increase in the percentage of cells with abnormal morphology, exhibiting changes typical of late-stage apoptosis (V+/PI+), and of necrotic cells (V−/PI+). There was a significant increase in the percentage of ApoBrDu + sperm cells, while the mitochondrial membrane potential of the sperm decreased significantly after 12 h of storage at 4 °C in the case of lower-quality semen and after 48 h in the case of semen of good quality. As the percentage of sperm with DNA and cell membrane damage increased and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, there was an increase in AspAT and acrosin activity. The increase in the percentage of apoptotic sperm in the raccoon dog semen stored at 4 °C resulted in a decrease in the number of females with cubs. Conclusions Identification of apoptotic changes in sperm by flow cytometry using the annexin assay, the TUNEL assay and evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential can be recommended for determination of the suitability of raccoon dog semen for artificial insemination. The study shows that fresh raccoon dog semen should not be used for insemination more than 48 h after collection in the case of semen of very high quality, or after more than 24 h in the case of semen of poorer quality. Cytometric methods of semen analysis should also be used to evaluate various extenders of raccoon dog semen and methods of cryopreservation in terms of ensuring sperm viability, fertilization capacity, and suitability for insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Jarosz
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Grądzki
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Kalinowski
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Laskowska
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612, Lublin, Poland
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Quan GB, Wu GQ, Wang YJ, Li DJ, Ma Y, Hong QH. Effects of the Tris, Tes, or skim milk based extender on in vitro parameters of ram spermatozoa during liquid storage. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Contri A, Gloria A, Robbe D, Valorz C, Wegher L, Carluccio A. Kinematic study on the effect of pH on bull sperm function. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 136:252-9. [PMID: 23238050 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the mammalian spermatozoa became capable of motion, during the epididymal transit, the spermatozoon swims in a liquid medium and it is completely dependent on the environmental conditions. Some reports have suggested an influence of pH on sperm kinetic characteristics, but no study has objectively described how motility changes in a different environmental pH. In this study, we evaluated the effect of different environmental pHs (5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, and 8.5) on kinetic parameters, sperm viability, mitochondrial activity, and sperm morphology of bull semen immediately and 1h after dilution. The results showed higher values for sperm motility characteristics, viability, and mitochondrial activity at pH 7 and 7.5. Values of pH lower than 6.5 and higher than 8 resulted in suboptimal motility, with a decrease in most parameters. At pH 8 and 8.5, a discrepancy between viability and total and progressive motility was found, with a significant amount of spermatozoa that were live but immotile. This reduction seemed related to a decrease in mitochondrial activity, possibly due to the increase in pH. The flow cytometric evaluation of sperm viability assessed by calcein AM was very consistent with the amount of spermatozoa with membrane integrity, evaluated in fluorescence by propidium iodide/SYBR-14 stain. Thus, the calcein AM stain could be used as viability stain instead the classic propidium iodide/SYBR-14 stain because this could allow the addiction of other functional stains without a overlapping of the fluorescent signal in the flow cytometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Contri
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Teramo, Viale Crispi 212, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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López-Pérez A, Pérez-Clariget R. Ram seminal plasma improves pregnancy rates in ewes cervically inseminated with ram semen stored at 5 °C for 24 hours. Theriogenology 2012; 77:395-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kasimanickam R, Kasimanickam V, Tibary A, Pelzer K. Effect of semen extenders on sperm parameters of ram semen during liquid storage at 4°C. Small Rumin Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zwitterionic buffers preserve ram semen quality more efficiently than TRIS during storage at 15°C. Small Rumin Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Olivera-Muzante J, Fierro S, Gil J. Conception Rates in Ewes after AI with Ram Semen Preserved in Milk-Egg Yolk Extenders Supplemented with Glycerol. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 46:508-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01698.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gundogan M, Yeni D, Avdatek F, Fidan AF. Influence of sperm concentration on the motility, morphology, membrane and DNA integrity along with oxidative stress parameters of ram sperm during liquid storage. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 122:200-7. [PMID: 20828947 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the influences of two different concentrations in terms of motility, morphology, membrane integrity (viability and HOST response: HE-test; modified hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST) associated with supravital eosin staining test), DNA integrity (COMET assay) and oxidative stress parameters (MDA, malondialdehyde; AOA, total antioxidant activity; GSH, reduced glutathione; NOx, nitric oxide) of liquid stored ram sperm for 5 days. Two different concentrations suitable for laparoscopic and cervical inseminations were employed. A total of 5 Pirlak rams (Daglic × Kivircik, local breed) with satisfactory breeding potential were selected. Semen samples were collected by artificial vagina. Ejaculates were extended to 25 and 100 million sperm per ml with Tris-based egg-yolk (T) extender at room temperature and stored at 4°C. The concentration significantly had effects on motility, morphology, membrane and DNA integrity along with oxidative stress parameters (P<0.05). Overall changes in the motility, morphology, membrane and DNA integrity along with oxidative stress parameters of ram sperm diluted with T in the 100 × 10(6)ml(-1) concentration and preserved at 4°C for a short term was found to be better preservation than that of diluted with T in the 25 × 10(6)ml(-1) concentration. Significant concentration × days of storage interactions were found for all parameters except the NOx. Further studies are required to elucidate the oxidative stress changes on sperm quality parameters in different concentrations during the liquid storage of ram semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gundogan
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, TR-03200 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Xu CL, Zhou JB, Zhao BT, Lan GC, Luo MJ, Chang ZL, Sui HS, Tan JH. Liquid Storage of Goat Semen in Chemically Defined Extenders. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 44:771-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Paulenz H, Söderquist L, Pérez-Pé R, Berg KA. Effect of different extenders and storage temperatures on sperm viability of liquid ram semen. Theriogenology 2002; 57:823-36. [PMID: 11991386 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(01)00683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Semen was collected with an artificial vagina from four adult rams. The ejaculates were pooled and diluted, using a split-sample technique, in four different extenders: one for milk (Mi), one for sodium citrate (Na), and two for Tris-based extenders (T1 and T2) including egg yolk. Thereafter, the diluted semen was stored at 5 and 20 degrees C, respectively. We evaluated sperm viability after 0, 6, 12, 24 and 30 h of storage. We assessed sperm motility subjectively, and we determined sperm membrane integrity using both the hypo-osmotic resistance test (ORT) and a fluorophore staining (SYBR-14 and propidium iodide) technique. We evaluated acrosomal status with Spermac and capacitation status with Chlortetracycline (CTC assay). All sperm viability parameters were influenced by storage time and extender, while sperm motility was the only evaluated parameter that was influenced by the interaction between extender and temperature. Semen that was diluted and stored in the commercially available Tris-based extender (T2) maintained sperm motility for a longer period of time, and acrosome and membrane integrity was higher during storage for up to 30 h as compared to the other extenders independent of storage temperature. In general, however, storage of ram semen at 5 degrees C seemed to influence sperm viability parameters less than storage at 20 degrees C. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that Tris-based extenders, especially T2, preserved sperm viability better than both the sodium citrate- and the milk-based extender did when liquid ram semen was stored up to 30 h at 5 and 20 degrees C. Whether the differences found between the extenders will be reflected in the fertility results after AI is yet unknown and needs to be further studied.
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