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Pereiro P, Librán-Pérez M, Figueras A, Novoa B. Conserved function of zebrafish (Danio rerio) Gdf15 as a sepsis tolerance mediator. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 109:103698. [PMID: 32289326 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
GDF15 is frequently detected in patients suffering from various diseases, especially those associated with pro-inflammatory processes and/or metabolic disorders. Accordingly, sepsis, whose major complications are related to metabolic alterations and systemic inflammation, significantly increases the secretion of GDF15. Indeed, this cytokine could be considered a marker of sepsis severity. However, until the last several years, the involvement of GDF15 in these disorders had not been widely characterized. In mice, GDF15 was recently described as a pivotal inducer of sepsis tolerance by mediating metabolic alterations that reduce tissue damage. In this work we describe a zebrafish gdf15 gene. We found that gdf15 follows an expression pattern similar to that observed in mammals, being highly expressed in the liver and kidney and induced after pro-inflammatory stimuli. Moreover, larvae overexpressing gdf15 were more resistant to bacterial and viral challenges without affecting the pathogen load. Consequently, Gdf15 also protected zebrafish larvae against LPS-induced mortality. As in mice, zebrafish Gdf15 seems to induce sepsis tolerance by altering the metabolic parameters of the individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Marta Librán-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Hsu AY, Gurol T, Sobreira TJP, Zhang S, Moore N, Cai C, Zhang ZY, Deng Q. Development and Characterization of an Endotoxemia Model in Zebra Fish. Front Immunol 2018; 9:607. [PMID: 29651289 PMCID: PMC5884884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia is a condition in which endotoxins enter the blood stream and cause systemic and sometimes lethal inflammation. Zebra fish provides a genetically tractable model organism for studying innate immunity, with additional advantages in live imaging and drug discovery. However, a bona fide endotoxemia model has not been established in zebra fish. Here, we have developed an acute endotoxemia model in zebra fish by injecting a single dose of LPS directly into the circulation. Hallmarks of human acute endotoxemia, including systemic inflammation, extensive tissue damage, circulation blockade, immune cell mobilization, and emergency hematopoiesis, were recapitulated in this model. Knocking out the adaptor protein Myd88 inhibited systemic inflammation and improved zebra fish survival. In addition, similar alternations of pathways with human acute endotoxemia were detected using global proteomic profiling and MetaCore™ pathway enrichment analysis. Furthermore, treating zebra fish with a protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 11 (Shp2) inhibitor decreased systemic inflammation, immune mobilization, tissue damage, and improved survival in the endotoxemia model. Together, we have established and characterized the phenotypic and gene expression changes of a zebra fish endotoxemia model, which is amenable to genetic and pharmacological discoveries that can ultimately lead to a better mechanistic understanding of the dynamics and interplay of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Y Hsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Theodore Gurol
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Tiago J P Sobreira
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Natalie Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Chufan Cai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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