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Jurowski K. The toxicological assessment of hazardous elements (Pb, Cd and Hg) in low-cost jewelry for adults from Chinese E-commerce platforms: In situ analysis by portable X-ray fluorescence measurement. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132167. [PMID: 37619281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This article focusses on the environmental implications of low-cost jewelry for adults from Chinese e-commerce platforms ((n = 8) with heavy metal impurities (Pb, Cd and Hg) and their potential impact on human health and the environment. The study highlights the advantages of using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analysis for rapid, non-destructive, and in situ analysis of heavy metals in jewelry. The results reveal that all products (n = 106) contained heavy metals at varying levels, Hg being the most commonly detected heavy metal. The fact that 71% of the samples exceeded the EU limit for Pb and 51% exceeded the EU limit for Cd is alarming and highlights the need for stricter regulations and monitoring of the jewelry industry to mitigate the risks posed by heavy metals in the environment. The study emphasizes the importance of using pXRF analysis to identify heavy metals in jewelry and address the literature gap in environmental risk assessments of Pb, Cd, and Hg in low-cost jewelry for adults from China. In general, the findings call for urgent action to ensure the safety of consumers and prevent environmental pollution by strengthening regulations and monitoring the jewelry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyzes, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertises, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205 Łódź, Poland.
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2
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Barrozo F, de Almeida GA, Luz MS, Olympio KPK. A Low-Cost Method Shows Potentially Toxic Element Levels in Dust Correlated with Elevated Blood Levels of These Chemicals in Children Exposed to an Informal Home-Based Production Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16236. [PMID: 36498308 PMCID: PMC9735684 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dust is recognized as a route of exposure to environmental pollutants. The city of Limeira, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, is a production center for jewelry and fashion jewelry, where part of this jewelry production is home-based, informal, and outsourced. The aim of this study was to evaluate exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE: Cr, Sn, Mn, Sb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and As) in dust among children from households of informal workers using electrostatic dust cloths (EDC). Dust samples were collected in 21 exposed and 23 control families using EDC from surfaces where dust deposits had accumulated for approximately 14 days. In exposed families, dust samples were also collected from welders’ workstations. PTE concentrations were then determined using inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results raised concerns in relation to Cr, As, and Cd exposure among children within the informal home-based production environment. Blood PTE concentrations in children showed a moderate correlation with levels of Cr (Rho 0.40), Zn (Rho −0.43), and As (Rho 0.40), and a strong correlation with Cd (Rho 0.80) (p < 0.05), detected in dust. In conclusion, analyzing dust collected using EDC proved a potentially low-cost tool for determining PTE in dust. In addition, the results confirmed that informal home-based work poses a risk for children residing in these households. Public policies are needed to assist these families and promote better conditions of occupational health and safety for the whole family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fairah Barrozo
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Gilmar Alves de Almeida
- Advanced Materials, Laboratory of Metallurgical Processes, Institute for Technological Research of the State of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-901, Brazil
| | - Maciel Santos Luz
- Advanced Materials, Laboratory of Metallurgical Processes, Institute for Technological Research of the State of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-901, Brazil
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3
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Nakata H, Nakayama SMM, Yabe J, Muzandu K, Kataba A, Ikeda-Araki A, Drisse MNB, Onyon LJ, Gorman J, Kritika P, Fukunaga H, Ikenaka Y, Kishi R, Ishizuka M. Narrative review of lead poisoning in humans caused by industrial activities and measures compatible with sustainable industrial activities in Republic of Zambia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157833. [PMID: 35961390 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) pollution and human exposure to Pb, is an important issue for the international community to address being associated with 0.90 million deaths from long-term effects. The Republic of Zambia is a typical mineral resource-rich country, with long-standing mining and smelting activities of metals including Pb in several parts of the country. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of previous papers that have assessed human exposure to Pb and related health effects in Zambia. Environmental remediation methods that should be applied locally, ways to reduce Pb exposure of the population, and issues that need to be addressed by various sectors are discussed. Environmental remediation methods using locally available and affordable materials are needed to ensure both sustainable industrial activities and pollution prevention. In the Zambian mining towns, including Kabwe, various research activities have been conducted, including environmental monitoring, human biomonitoring and health impact assessments. The town of Kabwe, which was one of Zambia's largest Pb mining area in the 20th century, continues to have formal and informal Pb-related industries and is known as one of the most polluted areas in the world. For example, despite the World Health Organization asserting that "For an individual with a blood Pb concentration ≥ 5 μg/dL, appropriate action should be taken to terminate exposure", there are reports of blood Pb levels in Kabwe children exceeding 100 μg/dL. While Pb pollution is a global issue, not many places have such continuous and comprehensive research has been conducted, and there is much to be learned from the knowledge accumulated in these areas. Because the high levels of Pb accumulation in humans and the adverse health effects were clarified, we consider that it is important to combine mining activities, which are a key industry, with measures to prevent environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hokuto Nakata
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Shouta M M Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; The University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - John Yabe
- The University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia; University of Namibia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P/B. 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Kaampwe Muzandu
- The University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Andrew Kataba
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; The University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Atsuko Ikeda-Araki
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards, Japan.
| | - Marie-Noel Brune Drisse
- Department of Environment, Climate and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lesley Jayne Onyon
- Department of Environment, Climate and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julia Gorman
- Department of Environment, Climate and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Poudel Kritika
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards, Japan
| | - Hisanori Fukunaga
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
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Farace C, Fiorito G, Pisano A, Etzi F, Sabalic A, Fenu G, Asara Y, Solinas G, Madeddu R. Human tissue lead (Pb) levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:5851-5859. [PMID: 35809130 PMCID: PMC9474539 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aim To combine the current scientific literature evidence and elucidate the differences of lead (Pb) bioaccumulation in human tissues by comparing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and healthy controls. Methods We systematically searched for case–control studies on the association of Pb levels with ALS, in human cells, tissues, and body fluids (nervous tissue, muscle, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, skin appendages). Then, we performed a meta-analysis for all the tissues in which at least five case–control studies were available: whole blood (9 studies), serum/plasma (5 studies), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (6 studies). Differences between cases and controls were evaluated using standardized mean difference, and combined estimates were derived using random effect maximum likelihood (REML) meta-analyses. Results Among 1734 records, we identified 46 full-text studies, of which 14 case–control studies met the meta-analysis inclusion criteria. We found higher Pb levels in ALS cases than controls in blood (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20, 1.01; p = 0.003), plasma/serum (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI − 0.16, 0.70; p = 0.26), and CSF (SMD = 0.53; 95% CI − 0.09, 1.15; p = 0.09). Conclusions This work provides further evidence of the association between Pb bioaccumulation and ALS in body fluids. The lack of association studies in solid tissues did not allow a robust meta-analysis. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify the causality in the association of Pb bioaccumulation with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystem, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Department of Biomedical Science-Hygiene, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Federica Etzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angela Sabalic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Yolande Asara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Science-Hygiene, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystem, Rome, Italy
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Nazari M, Amini A, Eden NT, Duke MC, Cheng C, Hill MR. Highly-Efficient Sulfonated UiO-66(Zr) Optical Fiber for Rapid Detection of Trace Levels of Pb 2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116053. [PMID: 34205199 PMCID: PMC8200020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead detection for biological environments, aqueous resources, and medicinal compounds, rely mainly on either utilizing bulky lab equipment such as ICP-OES or ready-made sensors, which are based on colorimetry with some limitations including selectivity and low interference. Remote, rapid and efficient detection of heavy metals in aqueous solutions at ppm and sub-ppm levels have faced significant challenges that requires novel compounds with such ability. Here, a UiO-66(Zr) metal-organic framework (MOF) functionalized with SO3H group (SO3H-UiO-66(Zr)) is deposited on the end-face of an optical fiber to detect lead cations (Pb2+) in water at 25.2, 43.5 and 64.0 ppm levels. The SO3H-UiO-66(Zr) system provides a Fabry–Perot sensor by which the lead ions are detected rapidly (milliseconds) at 25.2 ppm aqueous solution reflecting in the wavelength shifts in interference spectrum. The proposed removal mechanism is based on the adsorption of [Pb(OH2)6]2+ in water on SO3H-UiO-66(Zr) due to a strong affinity between functionalized MOF and lead. This is the first work that advances a multi-purpose optical fiber-coated functional MOF as an on-site remote chemical sensor for rapid detection of lead cations at extremely low concentrations in an aqueous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Nazari
- Mathematics and Physics Department, School of Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait;
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Abbas Amini
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait
- Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nathan T. Eden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (N.T.E.); (M.R.H.)
| | - Mikel C. Duke
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Matthew R. Hill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (N.T.E.); (M.R.H.)
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Mani MS, Puranik A, Kabekkodu SP, Joshi MB, Dsouza HS. Influence of VDR and HFE polymorphisms on blood lead levels of occupationally exposed workers. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:897-914. [PMID: 33233953 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120975451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lead is a ubiquitous heavy metal toxin of significant public health concern. Every individual varies in their response to lead's toxic effects due to underlying genetic variations in lead metabolizing enzymes or proteins distributed in the population. Earlier studies, including our lab, have attributed the influence of ALAD (δ-Aminolevulinate dehydratase) polymorphism on blood lead retention and ALAD activity. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of VDR (Vitamin D receptor) and HFE (Hemochromatosis) polymorphisms in modulating blood lead levels (BLLs) of occupationally exposed workers. 164 lead-exposed subjects involved in lead alloy manufacturing and battery breaking and recycling processes and 160 unexposed controls with BLLs below 10 µg/dL recruited in the study. Blood lead levels, along with a battery of biochemical assays and genotyping, were performed. Regression analysis revealed a negative influence of BLLs on ALAD activity (p < 0.0001) and a positive influence on smokeless tobacco use (p < 0.001) in lead-exposed subjects. A predicted haplotype of the three VDR polymorphisms computed from genotyping data revealed that T-A-A haplotype increased the BLLs by 0.93 units (p ≤ 0.05) and C-C-A haplotype decreased the BLLs by 7.25 units (p ≤ 0.05). Further analysis revealed that the wild-type CC genotype of HFE H63D presented a higher median BLL, indicating that variant C allele may have a role in increasing the concentration of lead. Hence, the polymorphism of genes associated with lead metabolism might aid in predicting genetic predisposition to lead and its associated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Shirley Mani
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, 76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Amitha Puranik
- Department of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, 76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, 76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing, Manipal School of Life Sciences, 76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Herman Sunil Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, 76793Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Iqubal A, Ahmed M, Ahmad S, Sahoo CR, Iqubal MK, Haque SE. Environmental neurotoxic pollutants: review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:41175-41198. [PMID: 32820440 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants are recognized as one of the major concerns for public health and responsible for various forms of neurological disorders. Some of the common sources of environmental pollutants related to neurotoxic manifestations are industrial waste, pesticides, automobile exhaust, laboratory waste, and burning of terrestrial waste. Among various environmental pollutants, particulate matter, ultrafine particulate matter, nanoparticles, and lipophilic vaporized toxicant (acrolein) easily cross the blood-brain barrier, activate innate immune responses in the astrocytes, microglia, and neurons, and exert neurotoxicity. Growing shreds of evidence from human epidemiological studies have correlated the environmental pollutants with neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, myelin sheath disruption, and alterations in the blood-brain barrier anatomy leading to cognitive dysfunction and poor quality of life. These environmental pollutants also considerably cause developmental neurotoxicity, exhibit teratogenic effect and mental growth retardance, and reduce IQ level. Until now, the exact mechanism of pollutant-induced neurotoxicity is not known, but studies have shown interference of pollutants with the endogenous antioxidant defense system, inflammatory pathway (Nrf2/NF-kB, MAPKs/PI3K, and Akt/GSK3β), modulation of neurotransmitters, and reduction in long-term potentiation. In the current review, various sources of pollutants and exposure to the human population, developmental neurotoxicity, and molecular mechanism of different pollutants involved in the pathogenesis of different neurological disorders have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Musheer Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Shahnawaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Mohammad Kashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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8
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and lead: A systematic update. Neurotoxicology 2020; 81:80-88. [PMID: 32941938 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals are considered to be among the leading environmental factors that trigger amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, no convincing biopathological mechanism and therapeutic clinical implication of such metals in ALS pathogenesis have been established. This is partly attributable to the technical and scientific difficulties in demonstrating a direct and causative role of heavy metals in the onset of ALS in patients. However, a body of epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidences suggest that lead (Pb), more than other metals, could actually play a major role in the onset and progression of ALS. Here, to clarify the nature of the association and the causative role of Pb in ALS, we comprehensively reviewed the scientific literature of the last decade with objective database searches and the methods typically adopted in systematic reviews, critically analysing and summarising the various scientifically sound evidence on the relationship between ALS and Pb. From these tasks, we noted a number of multidisciplinary associations between ALS and Pb, and specifically the importance of occupational exposure to Pb in ALS development and/or progression. We also report the possible involvement of TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43)-based molecular mechanism in Pb-mediated ALS, although these data rely on a single study, which included both in vitro experiments and an animal model, and are therefore still preliminary. Finally, we briefly examined whether this knowledge could inspire new targeted therapies and policies in the fight against ALS.
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9
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Mathee A, Street R, Teare J, Naicker N. Lead exposure in the home environment: An overview of risks from cottage industries in Africa. Neurotoxicology 2020; 81:34-39. [PMID: 32835764 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Mathee
- Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health, School of Behavioral and Lifestyle Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Renée Street
- Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - June Teare
- Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health, School of Behavioral and Lifestyle Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| | - Nisha Naicker
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health, School of Behavioral and Lifestyle Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa; Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), a Division of National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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