1
|
Robin T, Robin E, Le Boedec K. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of complications after tracheal stenting in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2024. [PMID: 38822531 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stenting has become popular to treat tracheal collapse in dogs, but complications might arise and negatively affect treatment outcome. OBJECTIVES Determine the overall prevalence of complications of tracheal stenting in dogs. METHODS A bibliographic search was performed of publications from 2000 to 2020. Studies were assessed for quality of evidence and measured prevalence of the 8 most commonly reported complications after tracheal stenting in dogs (stent fracture, stent migration, relapsing collapse, granuloma formation, tracheobronchial infections, and early, late, and clinically relevant late cough). Random effects meta-analyses were used to estimate pooled complications prevalence. RESULTS Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria. Cough (early: 99%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 95%-100%, late: 75%; 95% CI: 63%-85%, and clinically relevant: 52%; 95% CI: 42%-61%), tracheobronchial infections (24%; 95% CI: 14%-35%), and granulomas (20%; 95% CI: 11%-30%) were common after tracheal stenting. Stent fractures (12%; 95% CI: 5%-20%), relapsing collapse (10%; 95% CI: 5%-15%), and stent migration (5%; 95% CI: 1%-9%) were less frequent. Significant heterogeneity among studies was identified for the estimated prevalence of stent fracture, granulomas, infections, and late cough. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Tracheal stenting in dogs is associated with a high risk of coughing and a moderate risk of tracheobronchial infections and granuloma formation. Because most complications will impact a dog's quality of life, owners must be informed that tracheal stenting is a second-line procedure that does not necessarily alleviate the need for medical treatment and frequent follow-up visits. Additional studies are warranted to identify the risk factors of these complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Robin
- Internal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, IVC Evidensia France, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Robin
- Internal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, IVC Evidensia France, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Le Boedec
- Internal Medicine Unit, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, IVC Evidensia France, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Paton M, Chan S, Serpa Neto A, Tipping CJ, Stratton A, Lane R, Romero L, Broadley T, Hodgson CL. Association of active mobilisation variables with adverse events and mortality in patients requiring mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024; 12:386-398. [PMID: 38513675 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobilisation during critical illness is now included in multiple clinical practice guidelines. However, a large, randomised trial and systematic review have recently identified an increased probability of adverse events and mortality in patients who received early active mobilisation in the intensive care unit (ICU). We aimed to determine the effects of mobilisation compared with usual care on adverse events and mortality in an acute ICU setting. In subgroup analyses, we specifically aimed to investigate possible sources of harm, including the timing and duration of mobilisation achieved, ventilation status, and admission diagnosis. METHODS In this systematic review with frequentist and Bayesian analyses, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PEDro electronic databases, as well as clinical trial registries (ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.gov), from inception to March 16, 2023, without language restrictions. Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials that examined active mobilisation compared with either no mobilisation or mobilisation commencing later, or at a lower frequency or intensity, in adults who were critically ill during or after a period of mechanical ventilation in an acute ICU setting. Two authors independently screened reports, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (version 1). The primary outcome was the number of adverse events that occurred during the implementation of mobilisation, with the effect of mobilisation on mortality being the secondary outcome. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated in R (version 4.0.3) using random-effects modelling, with Bayesian analysis completed to calculate the probability of treatment harm (ie, RR >1). Subgroup analyses were completed to investigate the association of various factors of mobilisation on adverse events and mortality: duration of mobilisation (longer [≥20 min per day] vs shorter [<20 min per day]), timing of commencement (early [≤72 h from ICU admission] vs late [>72 h from ICU admission]), ventilation status at commencement (all patients mechanically ventilated vs all patients extubated), and ICU admission diagnosis (surgical vs medical). This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022369272. FINDINGS After title and abstract screening of 14 440 studies and review of 466 full texts, 67 trials with 7004 participants met inclusion criteria, with 59 trials contributing to the meta-analysis. Of the 67 included studies, 15 (22%) did not mention adverse events and 13 (19%) reported no adverse events occurring across the trial period. Overall, we found no effect of mobilisation compared with usual care on the occurrence of adverse events (RR 1·09 [95% CI 0·69-1·74], p=0·71; I2 91%; 32 731 events, 20 studies; very low certainty), with a 2·96% occurrence rate (693 events in 23 395 intervention sessions; 25 studies). Mobilisation did not have any effect on mortality (RR 0·98 [95% CI 0·87-1·12], p=0·81; I2 0%; n=6218, 58 studies; moderate certainty). Subgroup analysis was hindered by the large amount of data that could not be allocated and analysed, making the results hypothesis generating only. INTERPRETATION Implementation of mobilisation in the ICU was associated with a less than 3% chance of an adverse event occurring and was not found to increase adverse events or mortality overall, providing reassurance for clinicians about the safety of performing this intervention. Subgroup analyses did not clearly identify any specific variable of mobilisation implementation that increased harm. FUNDING None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Paton
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Chan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ary Serpa Neto
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claire J Tipping
- Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Stratton
- Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lane
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Lorena Romero
- Ian Potter Library, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tessa Broadley
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carol L Hodgson
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Critical Care Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wondmagegn T, Girma B, Habtemariam Y. Prevalence and determinants of developmental delay among children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1301524. [PMID: 38628845 PMCID: PMC11018911 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1301524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Developmental delay is a public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. However, there is no summarized evidence in low- and middle-income countries on developmental delay, and primary studies on this issue show varied and inconclusive results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the pooled magnitude of confirmed developmental delay and its determinants among children in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to write this systematic review and meta-analysis. Primary studies were searched from PubMed, PsycINFO, Hinari, Science Direct, African Journal of Online, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, adapted for the cross-sectional studies, was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed by the I2 and Eggers tests, respectively. Due to the high heterogeneity, the random effects model was used for analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to show the association between developmental delay and its determinants. Results The pooled prevalence of confirmed developmental delay was 18.83, 95% CI (15.53-22.12). In the subgroup analysis, a high prevalence of developmental delay [26.69% (95% CI, 15.78-37.60)] was observed in studies performed in Africa. Maternal education [3.04; 95% CI (2.05, 4.52)] and low birth weight [3.61; 95% CI (1.72, 7.57)] were significant determinants of developmental delay. Conclusion The pooled prevalence of developmental delay in low- and middle-income countries was high as compared to that in high-income countries. Maternal education level and weight at birth were significantly associated with developmental delays. Therefore, strategies should be designed to decrease the rate of low birth weight and the number of illiterate mothers living in low- and middle-income countries. Systematic review registration PROSPERO, CRD42024513060.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Wondmagegn
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Bekahegn Girma
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Yosef Habtemariam
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiao J, Fan J, Zhang Y, Chen L. Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine to Treat Cancer Pain in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 67:e185-e210. [PMID: 37972720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ketamine is a well-characterized anesthetic agent, and subanesthetic ketamine possesses analgesic effects in both acute and chronic pain. OBJECTIVES A systematic review was performed to ascertain the efficacy and safety of ketamine in treating pain for cancer patients. METHODS Eight databases were searched from the inception to March 20th, 2023 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on ketamine for treating pain in cancer patients. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed by using Revman 5.3 software and Stata 14.0 software. RESULTS Thirty-five studies were included, involving 2279 patients with cancer pain. The results of meta-analysis showed that ketamine could significantly reduce pain intensity. Subgroup analysis revealed that, when compared with control group, ketamine decreased markedly visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in two days after the end of treatment with ketamine, and ketamine administrated by patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) was effective. Meanwhile, ketamine could significantly reduce the number of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) compressions within 24 hours and morphine dosage. Ketamine could not decrease Ramsay sedation score. Additionally, the adverse events significantly decreased in the ketamine group, including nausea and vomiting, constipation, pruritus, lethargy, uroschesis, hallucination, and respiratory depression. In addition, compared with the control group, ketamine could reduce Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score and relieve depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Ketamine may be used as an effective therapy to relieve cancer pain. However, more rigorously designed RCTs with larger sample sizes are required to verify the above conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology (J.J., L.C.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Research Units of West China-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (J.J., L.C.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Fan
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina (J.F.), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (Y.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center (Y.Z.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Y.Z.), Chengdu, China
| | - Lingmin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology (J.J., L.C.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Research Units of West China-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (J.J., L.C.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rehlicki D, Plenkovic M, Delac L, Pieper D, Marušić A, Puljak L. Author instructions in biomedical journals infrequently address systematic review reporting and methodology: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 166:111218. [PMID: 37993073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to analyze how instructions for authors in journals indexed in MEDLINE address systematic review (SR) reporting and methodology. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We analyzed instructions for authors in 20% of MEDLINE-indexed journals listed in the online catalog of the National Library of Medicine on July 27, 2021. We extracted data only from the instructions published in English. We extracted data on the existence of instructions for reporting and methodology of SRs. RESULTS Instructions from 1,237 journals mentioned SRs in 45% (n = 560) of the cases. Systematic review (SR) registration was mentioned in 104/1,237 (8%) of instructions. Guidelines for reporting SR protocols were found in 155/1,237 (13%) of instructions. Guidelines for reporting SRs were explicitly mentioned in 461/1,237 (37%), whereas the EQUATOR (Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research) network was referred to in 474/1,237 (38%) of instructions. Less than 2% (n = 20) of instructions mentioned risk of bias and meta-analyses; less than 1% mentioned certainty of evidence assessment, methodological expectations, updating of SRs, overviews of SRs, or scoping reviews. CONCLUSION Journals indexed in MEDLINE rarely provide instructions for authors regarding SR reporting and methodology. Such instructions could potentially raise authors' awareness and improve how SRs are prepared and reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rehlicki
- Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine and Health Care, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mia Plenkovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ljerka Delac
- Division of Neurogeriatrics Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Solna, Sweden
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Institute for Health Services and Health System Research, Rüdersdorf, Germany; Centre for Health Services Research, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Ana Marušić
- Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, Centre for Evidence-based Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Livia Puljak
- Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine and Health Care, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
De Cassai A, Boscolo A, Zarantonello F, Pettenuzzo T, Sella N, Geraldini F, Munari M, Navalesi P. Enhancing study quality assessment: an in-depth review of risk of bias tools for meta-analysis-a comprehensive guide for anesthesiologists. JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA, ANALGESIA AND CRITICAL CARE 2023; 3:44. [PMID: 37932825 PMCID: PMC10626791 DOI: 10.1186/s44158-023-00129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yearly, a multitude of randomized controlled trials are published, overwhelming clinicians with conflicting information; this data saturation leads to confusion and hinders clinicians' everyday decision-making. Hence, it is crucial to assess the quality and reliability of the evidence in order to consolidate it. Through this synthesis, clinicians can guarantee that their decisions are informed by solid evidence. Meta-analysis, a statistical technique, can effectively combine data from multiple studies to furnish accurate and dependable evidence for clinical practice and policy decisions. Nonetheless, the reliability of the obtained results depends on the use of high-quality evidence. MAIN BODY Risk of bias is an assessment mandatory while performing a meta-analysis and is used to have an overview of the quality of the studies from which data are extracted. Several tools have been developed and are used to perform the risk of bias assessment. In this statistical round, we will provide an overview of the most used tools for both the randomized (Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and Jadad) and the nonrandomized (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) clinical trials. CONCLUSION We provided an overview of the most used risk of bias tools used in meta-analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Cassai
- Sant'Antonio Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Boscolo
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of PaduaUOC Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Pettenuzzo
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicolò Sella
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Geraldini
- Sant'Antonio Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marina Munari
- Sant'Antonio Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Navalesi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdulai M, Owiredu D, Boadu I, Tabong PTN, Sarfo B, Bonful HA, Addo- Lartey A, Akuffo KO, Danso-Appiah A. Psychosocial interventions and their effectiveness on quality of life among elderly persons living with HIV in Africa South of the Sahara: Systematic review and meta -analysis protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291781. [PMID: 37729324 PMCID: PMC10511069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of elderly people living with HIV (EPLHIV) has increased significantly as a result of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and this has brought about a variety of psychosocial challenges that have an impact on their quality of life (QoL). Various psychosocial interventions have been tried or implemented in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to improve QoL of EPLHIV. However, there is paucity of data on the types and effectiveness of these interventions. This systematic review, therefore, aims to explore available psychosocial interventions in SSA and their effectiveness in improving the QoL of EPLHIV. METHODS We will search PubMed, PsycINFO, LILACS, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, HINARI, Africa Journals Online, Scopus and Web of Science to retrieve publications on psychosocial interventions implemented to improve QoL of EPLHIV from inception of the identified databases to 31st December 2023 without language restrictions. Also, supplementary sources such as conference proceedings, preprint repositories, databases of dissertations, as well as WHO and governmental databases can be explored for additional studies. For unpublished studies, trial registries and experts would be contacted, and reference lists of retrieved papers will be manually searched. Retrieved studies will be deduplicated using Mendeley and exported to Rayyan. At least two reviewers will independently select studies, extract data and assess the quality of the included studies using validated tools. Dichotomous outcomes data will be assessed and reported as odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) and for continuous outcomes, mean difference (MD) will be used; all reported with their 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity will be explored graphically by inspecting the overlapping of CIs and assessed quantitatively using the I2 statistic. EXPECTED OUTCOMES This systematic review will be the first to rigorously identify psychosocial intervention on QoL of EPLHIV in SSA and assess their effectiveness with the aim to provide regional and country- specific data that will inform the selection and implementation of appropriate and socially acceptable policies across countries in SSA. Key findings of the review are expected to contribute critical evidence on availability, types and effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for improving quality of life of vulnerable elderly persons in SSA living with HIV. Furthermore, the review will explore any variation and possible correlates of psychosocial interventions by age, sex, CD4 count (if available), setting and geographic location within SSA that will provide healthcare professionals with reliable evidence, with the ultimate goal of inspiring countries in SSA to adopt innovative interventions to improve HIV care. TRIAL REGISTRATION Systematic review registration: The systematic review protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), with registration ID CRD42021278218.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijanatu Abdulai
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- National AIDS/STI Control Programme, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana
| | - David Owiredu
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Evidence Synthesis and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Isaac Boadu
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong
- Department of Social and Behavioural Science, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Bismark Sarfo
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Harriet Affran Bonful
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Adolphina Addo- Lartey
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Anthony Danso-Appiah
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Centre for Evidence Synthesis and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Faggion CM. Methodological quality, risk of bias, and reporting quality: A confusion persists. J Evid Based Med 2023; 16:261-263. [PMID: 37725482 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clovis Mariano Faggion
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Efendi D, Apriliyasari RW, Prihartami Massie JGE, Wong CL, Natalia R, Utomo B, Sunarya CE, Apriyanti E, Chen KH. The effect of virtual reality on cognitive, affective, and psychomotor outcomes in nursing staffs: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:170. [PMID: 37202768 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the healthcare systems of the world, reinforcing the competence and professionalism of nurses has become a concern. Gaining clinical nursing competence in the healthcare system requires more effort, and additional training is required. Medical education and training have begun using digital technologies, such as virtual reality (VR). The purpose of this research was to examine the efficacy of VR in terms of cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor outcomes and learning satisfaction in nurses. METHOD The study searched eight databases (Cochrane library, EBSCOHost, Embase, OVID MEDLINE, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) for articles that met these criteria: (i) nursing staff, (ii) any virtual reality technology intervention for education, all levels of immersion, [1] randomized control trial and quasi-experiment study, and (iv) published articles and unpublished theses. The standardized mean difference was measured. The random effect model was applied to measure the main outcome of the study with a significance level of p < .05. The I2 statistic assessment was applied to identify the level of heterogeneity of the study. RESULTS A total of 6740 studies were identified, of which 12 studies with 1470 participants met the criteria for inclusion. The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in the cognitive aspect (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.48; 95% CI = 0.33-2.63; p = .011, I2 = 94.88%), the affective aspect (SMD = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.34-0.86; p < .001, I2 = 34.33%), the psychomotor aspect (SMD = 0.901; 95% CI = 0.49-1.31; p < .001, I2 = 80.33%), and learning satisfaction (SMD = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.17-0.77; p = .002, I2 = 0%) aspects of the groups that received the VR intervention compared to the control groups. Subgroup analysis found that dependent variables (e.g., level of immersion) did not improve study outcomes. The quality of evidence was low which is affected by major methodological issues. CONCLUSIONS VR may favorable as alternative method to increase nurse competencies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on larger samples are needed to strengthen the evidence for the effect of VR in various clinical nurse settings. ROSPERO registration number: CRD42022301260.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Defi Efendi
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia & Nursing Department - Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Jl. Prof. Bahder Djohan, UI Campus, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Renny Wulan Apriliyasari
- Institut Teknologi Kesehatan Cendekia Utama Kudus, Jl. Lingkar Timur No.Km.5, Jepang, Kec. Mejobo, Kabupaten Kudus, Central Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Cho Lee Wong
- The Nethersole School of Nursing - The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Regina Natalia
- School of Nursing, Mitra Bunda Health Institute, Jl. Raya Seraya Nomor No.1, Tlk. Tering, Kec. Batam Kota, Batam, Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia
| | - Bejo Utomo
- Nursing Department, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Jl. Prof. Bahder Djohan, UI Campus, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Chiyar Edison Sunarya
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia & Nursing Department - Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Jl. Prof. Bahder Djohan, UI Campus, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Efa Apriyanti
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia & Nursing Department - Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Jl. Prof. Bahder Djohan, UI Campus, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Kee-Hsin Chen
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, & Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Xinyi District, 11031, Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Evidence-based Knowledge Translation Center, & Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
O’Connor M, Stapleton A, O'Reilly G, Murphy E, Connaughton L, Hoctor E, McHugh L. The efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in promoting resilience: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
11
|
Paton M, Chan S, Tipping CJ, Stratton A, Serpa Neto A, Lane R, Young PJ, Romero L, Broadley T, Hodgson CL. The Effect of Mobilization at 6 Months after Critical Illness - Meta-Analysis. NEJM EVIDENCE 2023; 2:EVIDoa2200234. [PMID: 38320036 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The comparative efficacy and safety of early active mobilization compared with usual care regarding long-term outcomes for adult critically ill survivors remain uncertain. METHODS: We systematically reviewed randomized clinical trials comparing early active mobilization versus usual care in critically ill adults. The primary outcome was days alive and out of hospital to day 180 after pooling data using random effects modeling. We also performed a Bayesian meta-analysis to describe the treatment effect in probability terms. Secondary outcomes were mortality, physical function, strength, health-related quality of life at 6 months, and adverse events. RESULTS: Fifteen trials from 11 countries were included with data from 2703 participants. From six trials (1121 participants) reporting the primary outcome, the pooled mean difference was an increase of 4.28 days alive and out of hospital to day 180 in those patients who received early active mobilization (95% confidence interval, −4.46 to 13.03; I2=41%). Using Bayesian analyses with vague priors, the probability that the intervention increased days alive and out of hospital was 75.1%. In survivors, there was a 95.1% probability that the intervention improved physical function measured through a patient-reported outcome measure at 6 months (standardized mean difference, 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.09 to 0.32; I2=0%). Although no treatment effect was identified on any other secondary outcome, there was a 66.4% possibility of increased adverse events with the implementation of early active mobilization and a 72.2% chance it increased 6-month mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Use of early active mobilization for critically ill adults did not significantly affect days alive and out of hospital to day 180. Early active mobilization was associated with improved physical function in survivors at 6 months; however, the possibility that it might increase mortality and adverse events needs to be considered when interpreting this finding. (PROSPERO number, CRD42022309650.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Paton
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Chan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claire J Tipping
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Stratton
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ary Serpa Neto
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lane
- Department of Physiotherapy, Victoria University, Footscray, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J Young
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Intensive Care Unit, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lorena Romero
- The Ian Potter Library, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tessa Broadley
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carol L Hodgson
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Critical Care Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muchadeyi MT, Hernandez-Villafuerte K, Schlander M. Quality appraisal for systematic literature reviews of health state utility values: a descriptive analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:303. [PMID: 36434521 PMCID: PMC9700894 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01784-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health state utility values (HSUVs) are an essential input parameter to cost-utility analysis (CUA). Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) provide summarized information for selecting utility values from an increasing number of primary studies eliciting HSUVs. Quality appraisal (QA) of such SLRs is an important process towards the credibility of HSUVs estimates; yet, authors often overlook this crucial process. A scientifically developed and widely accepted QA tool for this purpose is lacking and warranted. OBJECTIVES To comprehensively describe the nature of QA in published SRLs of studies eliciting HSUVs and generate a list of commonly used items. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase from 01.01.2015 to 15.05.2021. SLRs of empirical studies eliciting HSUVs that were published in English were included. We extracted descriptive data, which included QA tools checklists or good practice recommendations used or cited, items used, and the methods of incorporating QA results into study findings. Descriptive statistics (frequencies of use and occurrences of items, acceptance and counterfactual acceptance rates) were computed and a comprehensive list of QA items was generated. RESULTS A total of 73 SLRs were included, comprising 93 items and 35 QA tools and good recommendation practices. The prevalence of QA was 55% (40/73). Recommendations by NICE and ISPOR guidelines appeared in 42% (16/40) of the SLRs that appraised quality. The most commonly used QA items in SLRs were response rates (27/40), statistical analysis (22/40), sample size (21/40) and loss of follow up (21/40). Yet, the most commonly featured items in QA tools and GPRs were statistical analysis (23/35), confounding or baseline equivalency (20/35), and blinding (14/35). Only 5% of the SLRS used QA to inform the data analysis, with acceptance rates of 100% (in two studies) 67%, 53% and 33%. The mean counterfactual acceptance rate was 55% (median 53% and IQR 56%). CONCLUSIONS There is a considerably low prevalence of QA in the SLRs of HSUVs. Also, there is a wide variation in the QA dimensions and items included in both SLRs and extracted tools. This underscores the need for a scientifically developed QA tool for multi-variable primary studies of HSUVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muchandifunga Trust Muchadeyi
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation Under Public Law, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karla Hernandez-Villafuerte
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation Under Public Law, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,Health Economics, WifOR institute, Rheinstraße 22, Darmstadt, 64283 Germany
| | - Michael Schlander
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation Under Public Law, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Alfred Weber Institute for Economics (AWI), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lam CS, Peng LW, Yang LS, Chou HWJ, Li CK, Zuo Z, Koon HK, Cheung YT. Examining patterns of traditional Chinese medicine use in pediatric oncology: A systematic review, meta-analysis and data-mining study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 20:402-415. [PMID: 35750623 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is becoming a popular complementary approach in pediatric oncology. However, few or no meta-analyses have focused on clinical studies of the use of TCM in pediatric oncology. OBJECTIVE We explored the patterns of TCM use and its efficacy in children with cancer, using a systematic review, meta-analysis and data mining study. SEARCH STRATEGY We conducted a search of five English (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov) and four Chinese databases (Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database) for clinical studies published before October 2021, using keywords related to "pediatric," "cancer," and "TCM." INCLUSION CRITERIA We included studies which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational clinical studies, focused on patients aged < 19 years old who had been diagnosed with cancer, and included at least one group of subjects receiving TCM treatment. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS The methodological quality of RCTs and observational studies was assessed using the six-item Jadad scale and the Effective Public Healthcare Panacea Project Quality Assessment Tool, respectively. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of combining TCM with chemotherapy. Study outcomes included the treatment response rate and occurrence of cancer-related symptoms. Association rule mining (ARM) was used to investigate the associations among medicinal herbs and patient symptoms. RESULTS The 54 studies included in this analysis were comprised of RCTs (63.0%) and observational studies (37.0%). Most RCTs focused on hematological malignancies (41.2%). The study outcomes included chemotherapy-induced toxicities (76.5%), infection rate (35.3%), and response, survival or relapse rate (23.5%). The methodological quality of most of the RCTs (82.4%) and observational studies (80.0%) was rated as "moderate." In studies of leukemia patients, adding TCM to conventional treatment significantly improved the clinical response rate (odds ratio [OR] = 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.49-4.36), lowered infection rate (OR = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.13-0.40), and reduced nausea and vomiting (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.08-0.23). ARM showed that Radix Astragali, the most commonly used medicinal herb (58.0%), was associated with treating myelosuppression, gastrointestinal complications, and infection. CONCLUSION There is growing evidence that TCM is an effective adjuvant therapy for children with cancer. We proposed a checklist to improve the quality of TCM trials in pediatric oncology. Future work will examine the use of ARM techniques on real-world data to evaluate the efficacy of medicinal herbs and drug-herb interactions in children receiving TCM as a part of integrated cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Sing Lam
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wen Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lok Sum Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Wing Janessa Chou
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Kong Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho-Kee Koon
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yin Ting Cheung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Under-Nutrition and Associated Factors Among Lactating Mothers in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Matern Child Health J 2022; 26:2210-2220. [PMID: 36040618 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Under-nutrition (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2) is a global problem with an increasing trend in recent years. The burden is high in low and middle-income countries, especially in Africa. Lactating mothers are among the most vulnerable groups for under nutrition; particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of under-nutrition among this group is inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of under-nutrition and its associated factors among lactating mothers in Ethiopia. METHODS To write this review and meta-analysis, we followed the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines. Primary articles were searched from PubMed, Hinari, Cochrane Library, science direct databases, Google, and Google scholar. STATA version 16 software and a standardized Microsoft excel format were used for analysis and data extraction, respectively. Heterogeneity between studies was checked. To determine the pooled prevalence of under-nutrition, we used a random-effect model. Begg's and Egger's tests were done to detect publication bias. Subgroup analysis was also steered and association was uttered by a pooled odds ratio with 95% CI. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of under-nutrition among lactating mothers was 23.84% [95% CI (19.40, 28.27)]. Educational status (no formal education) {Pooled OR 2.30 [95% CI (1.34, 3.96)]} was significantly associated with under-nutrition. CONCLUSION The pooled prevalence of under-nutrition was high. Maternal educational status was significantly associated with under-nutrition. Therefore, the federal ministry of health and the concerned stakeholders should give attention to these most vulnerable groups and strengthen the implementation of the previously designed strategies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Peiris DLIHK, Duan Y, Vandelanotte C, Liang W, Yang M, Baker JS. Effects of In-Classroom Physical Activity Breaks on Children's Academic Performance, Cognition, Health Behaviours and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159479. [PMID: 35954831 PMCID: PMC9368257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In-Classroom physical activity breaks (IcPAB) are a promising way to promote children’s health behaviors, while contributing to the development of their academic and cognitive ability and health outcomes. Yet the effect of the activity breaks, which are exclusive to classroom settings, are still mixed and unclear. Hence, this review was conducted to identify the characteristics and the effects of IcPAB among primary school children. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021234192). Following the Cochrane guidelines, PubMed, PsycINFO (ProQuest), MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), Embase/Ovid, SportDISCUS (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, Scopus and Academic Search Premier (EBSCOhost) databases were searched to collect data on randomised control trials without a time restriction. The final database search was conducted on the 8 November 2021. Random effects models were used to calculate the effect sizes. The systematic review identified ten eligible studies, nine of which were also included in the meta-analysis. Few studies used the theoretical frameworks and process evaluations. IcPAB showed mixed effectiveness on academic outcomes: i.e., IcPAB had effects on spelling performance (p < 0.05) and foreign language learning (p < 0.01) but not on mathematics and reading performance. Health behaviors such as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels were improved (p < 0.01), but IcPAB did not have an impact on cognition outcomes and health outcomes. Given these mixed results, further research is needed underpinned by strong methodological quality, theoretical underpinnings and reliable process evaluation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. L. I. H. K. Peiris
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (D.L.I.H.K.P.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.B.)
| | - Yanping Duan
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (D.L.I.H.K.P.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.B.)
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (C.V.)
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton 4701, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (C.V.)
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (D.L.I.H.K.P.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.B.)
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (D.L.I.H.K.P.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.B.)
| | - Julien Steven Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (D.L.I.H.K.P.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.S.B.)
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Girma B, Nigussie J, Tamir T, Bekele E. Public knowledge toward Epilepsy and its determinants in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 133:108764. [PMID: 35690571 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a global problem that affects all countries and people of all ages. However, the disease burden is high in low- and middle-income countries. Poor public knowledge of epilepsy increases the rate of stigma and discrimination. However, in our country, there is a scarcity of summarized evidence about the level of public knowledge toward epilepsy. Therefore, to fill this gap, conducting this review and meta-analysis has a preponderant significance. METHODS Articles were explored from PubMed, PsycINFO, Hinari, Science Direct, web of science, and African journal of online (AJOL) databases, Google, and Google scholar. For data extraction and analysis purposes, Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and STATA software version 16 were used. To write this report, we used the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis. To assess the pooledmagnitudeof public knowledge toward epilepsy, we used arandom-effects meta-analysis model. We checked the Heterogeneity by I2. To detect publication bias, Begg's test, Egger's test, and funnel plot were conducted. Furthermore, subgroup analysis was conducted. Association was expressed through a pooled odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. RESULT Our review and meta-analysis included 9 studies with 5658 participants. The pooled magnitude of poor knowledge toward epilepsy was 48.54% [95% CI (33.57, 63.51)]. I2 was 99.4% (P < 0.01). Begg's and Egger's test results were 0.92 and 0.06, respectively. Cannot read and write OR: 2.86 [95 CI (2.04, 4.00]) and not witnessing seizure episode OR: 3.00 [95% CI (2.46, 3.66)]) were significant determinants of poor knowledge. CONCLUSION In this review and meta-analysis, around half of the participants had poor knowledge about epilepsy. Individuals who cannot read and write, and could not witness seizure episodes had more likely to have poor knowledge toward epilepsy as compared to their counterparts. Health education through different methods should be provided to the public, and our educational system should focus on this global problem. Furthermore, it is better to give training for community key informants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bekahegn Girma
- Dilla University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Nursing, Dilla, Ethiopia.
| | - Jemberu Nigussie
- Dilla University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Nursing, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Takla Tamir
- Dilla University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Nursing, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Etaferaw Bekele
- Dilla University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Nursing, Dilla, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Runjic R, Plenkovic M, Pirosca S, Clarke M, Treweek S, Puljak L. Recommendations from Cochrane reviews for improving future trials on anesthesia and pain: a meta-research study. J Comp Eff Res 2022; 11:669-677. [PMID: 35549352 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2022-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cochrane systematic reviews (CSRs) have a section 'Implications for research' where authors make suggestions for improving future research. The authors of the present study assessed the prevalence and time dynamics of different recommendations in the CSRs about anesthesia and pain. Methods: The authors included all CSRs published by the Cochrane Anaesthesia Group and Cochrane Pain and Palliative Care Group before 17 July 2020. The authors analyzed recommendations for improving future research listed in the 'Implications for research' section of these CSRs and categorized recommendations for improvements. Results: They analyzed 370 reviews. Four categories of recommendations were present in more than 40% of the reviews. Most reviews recommended a larger sample size and better outcome choice, study design and choice of future intervention. These recommendations gradually increased in frequency in the Cochrane Pain and Palliative Care Group and mainly decreased in the Cochrane Anaesthesia Group. Conclusion: Recommendations from CSRs offer useful advice for trialists designing new trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Runjic
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Mia Plenkovic
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stefania Pirosca
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mike Clarke
- Northern Ireland Methodology Hub, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Shaun Treweek
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Livia Puljak
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Deblois S, Zhu L, Mastropasqua B, Thibaudeau S, Ziegler D, Pomp A. The clinical effectiveness and safety of intravenous unfractionated heparin following digital replantation and revascularization: A narrative systematic review. Microsurgery 2022; 42:622-630. [PMID: 35553450 DOI: 10.1002/micr.30895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital replants and revascularization (DRV) have been performed since the 1960s but there are no recognized standard peri-operative anticoagulation practices. A narrative systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and safety of therapeutic peri-operative unfractionated heparin following DRV was undertaken. METHODS A review of the literature from 1985 to March 2022 was conducted using Medline, Embase, CINAHL and EBM reviews. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) use following DRV was compared to low-molecular weight heparin, other anticoagulants or no anticoagulation. Randomized trials, observational studies as well as guidelines were selected and independently screened. The Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB 2) tool and ROBINS-I were used to appraise risk of bias. RESULTS While the search strategy identified 1490 references, only six studies met the inclusion criteria. Significant heterogeneity and the low methodological quality of the evidence precluded a meta-analysis. Among the four studies that documented the surgical success rate associated with the use of a therapeutic dose of UFH post DRV, only two reported improved clinical outcomes. Evidence of a higher complication rate related to UFH use was found in four studies. Low quality evidence suggests that a therapeutic dose of unfractionated heparin leads to a higher risk of complications when compared with heparin given as an intermittent bolus of unfractionated heparin or subcutaneous heparin, or prostaglandin E1 or no heparin. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that IV UFH use following DRV has no significant impact on the success of the intervention. Heparin use may not be innocuous as some studies showed increased bleeding complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Deblois
- Health Technology Assessment Professional, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Linda Zhu
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Mastropasqua
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Thibaudeau
- Plastic Surgery Division McGill, University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniela Ziegler
- Library, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alfons Pomp
- Health Technology Assessment Professional, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Borde MT, Kabthymer RH, Shaka MF, Abate SM. The burden of household out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Equity Health 2022; 21:14. [PMID: 35101038 PMCID: PMC8802489 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Ethiopia, household Out-Of-Pocket healthcare expenditure accounts for one-third of total healthcare expenditure, is one of the highest in the world, and still creates barriers and difficulties for households to healthcare access and may delay or forgo needed healthcare use. Despite the presence of a few highly dispersed and inconsistent studies, no comprehensive study was conducted. Therefore, in this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed at estimating the pooled estimates of the burden of household Out-Of-Pocket healthcare expenditures among Ethiopian households and identifying its determinants. METHODS We systematically searched articles from PubMed / Medline and Google scholar databases and direct Google search engine without restriction on publication period. Cross-sectional and cohort articles and grey literature published in English were included. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel. Two reviewers screened the titles, reviewed the articles for inclusion, extracted the data, and conducted a quality assessment. The third reviewer commented on the review. Articles with no abstracts or full texts, editorials, and qualitative in design were excluded. To assess quality, Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tools was used. A Forest plot was used to present summary information on each article and pooled common effects. Potential heterogeneity was checked using Cochrane's Q test and I-squared statistic. We checked publication bias using a Funnel plot. Moreover, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Meta-analysis was used for the pooled estimates using RevMan statistical software Version 5.4.1. RESULTS In this review, a total of 27 primary articles were included (with a total sample size of 331,537 participants). Because of the presence of heterogeneity, we employed a random-effects model; therefore, the pooled burden household Out-Of-Pocket / catastrophic healthcare expenditure in Ethiopia was strongly positively associated with household economic status. The odds of facing Out-Of-Pocket / catastrophic healthcare expenditures among the poorest quintile was about three times that of the richest (AOR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.63, 5.86) p-value < 0.001. In addition, on pooled analysis, the mean direct Out-Of-Pocket healthcare expenditures were $32 per month (95%CI: $11, $52) (SD = $45), and the mean indirect Out-of-Pocket healthcare expenditures were $15 per month (95%CI: $3, $28) (SD = $17). The mean catastrophic healthcare expenditure at 10% of threshold was also disproportionately higher: 40% (95%CI: 28, 52%) (SD = 20%). Moreover, the common coping mechanisms were a sale of household assets, support from family, or loan: 40% (95%CI: 28, 52%) (SD = 20%). CONCLUSION Our study revealed the evidence of inequity in financial hardship that the burden of household Out-Of-Pocket / catastrophic healthcare expenditures gap persists among Ethiopian households that is unfair and unjust. To reduce the detected disparities in seeking healthcare among Ethiopian households, national healthcare priorities should target poor households. This calls for the Ministry of Health to improve the challenges and their impact on equity and design better prepayment policies and strengthen financial protection strategies to protect more vulnerable Ethiopian households. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION The details of this protocol have been registered on the PROSPERO database with reference number ID: CRD42021255977 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moges Tadesse Borde
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
- Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Robel Hussen Kabthymer
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Feyisso Shaka
- Department of Reproductive Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Semagn Mekonnen Abate
- Department of Anaesthesiology, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Proportion of Hematological Cancer Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection during the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021; 44:225-234. [PMID: 34931178 PMCID: PMC8673822 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a novel infection which has spread rapidly across the globe and currently presents a grave threat to the health of the cancer patient. Objective The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the proportion of hematological cancer patients with the SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A comprehensive literature review was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EKB SciELO, SID, CNKI and Wanfang databases to retrieve all relevant publications up to January 31, 2021. Observational studies, consecutive case-series and case-control studies were included. The proportion for hematological cancer patients with COVID-19 was estimated using the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CIs). Results Fourteen studies with a total of 3,770 infected cancer patients and 685 hematological cancer cases with COVID-19 were selected. Combined data revealed that the overall proportion of hematological cancer patients with COVID-19 was 16.5% (95% CI 0.130 - 0.208, p ≤ 0.001). The stratified analysis by ethnicity showed that the proportion was 18.8% and 12.4% in Caucasian and Asian hematological cancer patients with COVID-19, respectively. Moreover, subgroup analysis by country of origin showed that its proportion was the highest in the United Kingdom (22.5%), followed by France (17.1%) and China (8.2%). Conclusion This meta-analysis result indicated that the proportion of hematological cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic was 16.5%. Further larger sample sizes and multicenter studies among different ethnic groups are necessary to get a better assessment of the proportion.
Collapse
|
21
|
Donohue C, Carnaby G, Garand KLF. Critically Appraising Systematic Reviews in the Field of Speech-Language Pathology: A How-to Guide for Clinician Readers. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2021; 30:2040-2052. [PMID: 34351803 DOI: 10.1044/2021_ajslp-21-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This tutorial will provide speech-language pathologists with foundational knowledge about systematic reviews and their importance in everyday practice. It will also assist clinicians in developing critical appraisal skills so that current research can be translated judiciously to clinical environments for patient care. Systematic reviews are often regarded as the highest level of research evidence for implementing best evidence-based practice, because they synthesize research findings from multiple high-quality research studies, identify methodological weaknesses and biases from the studies included, and assist in illuminating areas for future research work based on current gaps in the literature. While systematic reviews can provide comprehensive knowledge to inform clinical practice, few speech-language pathologists receive training on appraising and applying the findings from systematic reviews appropriately within clinical settings. Conclusion Clinicians within the field of speech-language pathology can use the framework provided in this tutorial to evaluate systematic reviews as a preliminary step for determining appropriate assessment and treatment methods for implementing evidence-based practice within clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara Donohue
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Giselle Carnaby
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Kendrea L Focht Garand
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, College of Allied Health Professions, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Girma B, Nigussie J, Molla A, Mareg M. Health professional's job satisfaction and its determinants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 79:141. [PMID: 34353375 PMCID: PMC8340440 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Health professional’s job satisfaction is directly related to patient satisfaction and quality of care. Without satisfied health professionals the health system is not functional, and the national and global health related plans are not achieved. However, little is known on the level of health professional’s job satisfaction in sub Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. In addition, in Ethiopia there is no summarized evidence helped us an input to design strategies. Therefore, we aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of health professional’s job satisfaction and its determinants in Ethiopia. Methods Articles were searched from PubMed, PsycINFO, Hinari, Science Direct, web of science and African journal of online (AJOL) databases, Google and Google scholar. A standardized Microsoft excel spread sheet and STATA software version 16 were used for data extraction and analysis respectively. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis to write this report. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of job satisfaction. I2 was done to check heterogeneity. Egger’s test and funnel plot were conducted to detect publication bias. Subgroup analysis was also conducted. Association was expressed through pooled odd ratio with a 95% CI. Result In this review and meta-analysis, a total of 29 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of health professional’s job satisfaction was 46.17% [95% CI (43.08, 49.26)]. The heterogeneity and publication bias test results were I2 = 87.3%, P < 0.001 and Eggers’, P = 0.16. Female sex; OR: 2.20 [95% CI (1.63, 2.97)], working environment; OR: 9.50 [95% CI (6.25, 14.44)], opportunity for professional growth and development; OR: 5.53 [95% CI (1.56, 19.56)], staff relationship; OR: 3.89 [95% CI (1.65, 9.17)] and supportive supervision; OR: 5.32 [95% CI (1.77, 15.92)] were associated with health professional’s job satisfaction. Conclusion More than half of professionals were dissatisfied with their jobs. Therefore, the ministry of health and stakeholders better to design strategies to increase the level of satisfaction. Furthermore, it is better to strengthen staff relationship and making the working environment more attractive and equipped. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-021-00664-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bekahegn Girma
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
| | - Jemberu Nigussie
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Molla
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Moges Mareg
- Department of reproductive health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stone JC, Gurunathan U, Aromataris E, Glass K, Tugwell P, Munn Z, Doi SAR. Bias Assessment in Outcomes Research: The Role of Relative Versus Absolute Approaches. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2021; 24:1145-1149. [PMID: 34372980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bias assessment tools vary in content and detail, and the method used for assessment may produce different assessment results in a study if not carefully considered. Therefore, taking an approach to the assessment of studies that produces a similar result regardless of the tool used for assessment (tool independence) is important. METHODS A preexisting study that used 25 different quality scales was assessed to examine tool dependence of 2 common approaches to bias assessments-absolute value judgments (defined as the qualitative risk of bias judgment based on a threshold across studies) and relative ranks (defined as the relative probability toward bias of a study relative to the best assessed study). Agreement between each of the 25 scales and a composite scale (that includes all unique safeguards across all scales) was computed (using the intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]; consistency). Tool dependence was considered present when the ICCs were inconsistent across the 25 scales for the same study. RESULTS We found that using relative ranks for tools with different numbers and types of items produced consistent results, with only small differences in the agreement for the various tools with the composite tool, whereas consistency (measured by the ICC) varied considerably when using absolute judgments. Inconsistency is problematic because it means that the assessment result is linked to the scale and not to the study. CONCLUSIONS Tool independence is an important attribute of a bias assessment tool. On the basis of this study, the use of relative ranks retains tool independence and therefore produces consistent ranks for the same study across tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Stone
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia and Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Usha Gurunathan
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Kathryn Glass
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Zachary Munn
- JBI, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Suhail A R Doi
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Can Kinesio taping improve discomfort after mandibular third molar surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5139-5148. [PMID: 34297233 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether Kinesio taping (KT) can improve patient discomfort after mandibular third molar surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PICO strategy. We searched 4 databases for related articles. All controlled trials or randomized controlled trials that evaluated the application of KT after mandibular third molar surgery were included. Screening and article selection were carried out by two independent reviewers. The main evaluation indicators were facial swelling, pain, and trismus. All statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULT This analysis included 8 articles. The combined results showed that compared with the control group, the postoperative application of KT significantly reduced pain in the early (early stage mean difference (MD), - 2.00; 95% confidence interval (CI), - 2.40 to - 1.60; P < 0.00001) and late (late stage MD, - 1.18; 95% CI, - 2.26 to - 0.11; P = 0.03) postoperative periods and, thus, reduced the intake of painkillers. KT also reduced facial swelling in the early and late postoperative periods (early stage standardized mean difference (SMD), - 1.34; 95% CI, - 1.99 to - 0.68; P < 0.0001; late stage SMD, - 0.31; 95% CI, - 0.51 to - 0.11; P = 0.002). In addition, the postoperative application of KT improved restricted mouth opening in the early and late postoperative periods (early stage MD, - 5.03 mm; 95% CI, - 6.32 to - 3.74 mm; P < 0.00001; late stage MD, - 3.42 mm; 95% CI, - 5.31 to - 1.52 mm; P = 0.0004). CONCLUSION KT can significantly reduce postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus after impacted mandibular tooth extraction. Additional high-quality and rigorously designed randomized controlled trials should be conducted to verify these conclusions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE KT is a low-cost, simple, effective nondrug therapy for the postoperative management of mandibular third molar extraction and has broad prospects for clinical application.
Collapse
|
25
|
Assessing the risk of performance and detection bias in Cochrane reviews as a joint domain is less accurate compared to two separate domains. BMC Med Res Methodol 2021; 21:149. [PMID: 34275437 PMCID: PMC8286598 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-021-01339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Initially, the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool had a domain for “blinding of participants, personnel and outcome assessors”. In the 2011 tool, the assessment of blinding was split into two domains: blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) and blinding of outcome assessors (detection bias). The aims of this study were twofold; first, to analyze the frequency of usage of the joint blinding domain (a single domain for performance and detection bias), and second, to assess the proportion of adequate assessments made in the joint versus single RoB domains for blinding by comparing whether authors’ RoB judgments were supported by explanatory comments in line with the Cochrane Handbook recommendations. Methods We extracted information about the assessment of blinding from RoB tables (judgment, comment, and whether it was specified which outcome type; e.g., objective, subjective) of 729 Cochrane reviews published in 2015-2016. In the Cochrane RoB tool, judgment (low, unclear or high risk) needs to be accompanied by a transparent comment, in which authors provide a summary justifying RoB judgment, to ensure transparency in how these judgments were reached. We reassessed RoB based on the supporting comments reported in Cochrane RoB tables, in line with instructions from the Cochrane Handbook. Then, we compared our new assessments to judgments made by Cochrane authors. We compared the frequency of adequate judgments in reviews with two separate domains for blinding versus those with a joint domain for blinding. Results The total number of assessments for performance bias was 6918, with 8656 for detection bias and 3169 for the joint domain. The frequency of adequate assessments was 74% for performance bias, 78% for detection bias, and 59% for the joint domain. The lowest frequency of adequate assessments was found when Cochrane authors judged low risk – 47% in performance bias, 62% in detection bias, and 31% in the joint domain. The joint domain and detection bias domain had a similar proportion of specified outcome types (17% and 18%, respectively). Conclusions Splitting joint RoB assessment about blinding into two domains was justified because the frequency of adequate judgments was higher in separate domains. Specification of outcome types in RoB domains should be further scrutinized. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12874-021-01339-1.
Collapse
|
26
|
Barcot O, Ivanda M, Buljan I, Pieper D, Puljak L. Enhanced access to recommendations from the Cochrane Handbook for improving authors' judgments about risk of bias: A randomized controlled trial. Res Synth Methods 2021; 12:618-629. [PMID: 34050603 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to test the efficacy of enhanced access to Cochrane Handbook (Handbook) recommendations for judging the 2011 Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) domains for improving the adequacy of RoB judgments. Parallel-group RCT with a 1:1 allocation ratio (N = 2271 per group) was conducted. Eligible participants were corresponding authors of all published Cochrane reviews and protocols. After allocation by a random number generator, participants received 20 scenarios for assessing RoB. The intervention group was shown tables from the Handbook with instructions for assessing 2011 RoB tool together with scenarios they were supposed to assess-enhanced access to the Handbook. The control group was shown only a general link to the Handbook. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants that made an adequate judgment of RoB scenarios for analyzed domains. There were 240 responses out of 2020 delivered e-mail invitations in the intervention and 197/2254 in the control group. Only five participants from the intervention group judged RoB adequately in all the 20 scenarios and no one in the control group. The proportion of participants who adequately assessed all the scenarios within a domain was significantly higher in the intervention than in the control group. The frequency of adequate RoB judgments was 7.1% (95% CI: 5.0-9.3%, p < 0.001) higher in the intervention group (76.2%) than in the control group (69.0%). The enhanced access yields more adequate RoB assessments and could be incorporated in software supporting the RoB tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ognjen Barcot
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Matej Ivanda
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Buljan
- Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Livia Puljak
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Health Care, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Alsubaie AM, Mazaheri M, Martinez-Valdes E, Falla D. Is movement variability altered in people with chronic non-specific low back pain: a protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046064. [PMID: 34059511 PMCID: PMC8169474 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Motor variability is an important feature when performing repetitive movement, and in asymptomatic people functional tasks are typically performed with variable motor patterns. However, in the presence of chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP), people often present with different motor control strategies than those without pain. Movement variability has been assessed using a wide range of variables, including kinetic and kinematic components of motion. This has resulted in a wide range of findings reported in the literature and some contradicting results. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to investigate whether the amount and structure of motor variability are altered in people with chronic non-specific LBP, during both repetitive non-functional and functional tasks. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol for a systematic review is informed by Cochrane guidelines and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ZETOC, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus will be searched from their inception to December 2020 along with a comprehensive search of grey literature and key journals. Two independent reviewers will conduct the search, extract the data, assess risk of bias (using the Downs and Black Scale) for the included studies and assess overall quality of evidence based on Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. Meta-analysis will be conducted if deemed appropriate. Alternatively, a narrative synthesis will be conducted and evidence summarised as an increase, decrease or no change in the motor variability of people with LBP compared with healthy controls. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study raises no ethical issues. Results will be submitted for publication in a peer review journal and presented at conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020211580.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Alsubaie
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Mazaheri
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Saragih ID, Saragih IS, Batubara SO, Lin CJ. Dementia as a mortality predictor among older adults with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational study. Geriatr Nurs 2021; 42:1230-1239. [PMID: 33824009 PMCID: PMC7955923 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the association between dementia and mortality among older adults with COVID-19. To do so, we conducted a search of 7 databases for relevant full-text articles. A cohort study and case-control study were included. A meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the pooled odds ratio with a random-effects model. We identified studies that reported mortality among older adults with dementia and non-dementia who have COVID-19. The pooled mortality rates of dementia and non-dementia older adults infected with COVID-19 were 39% (95% CI: 0.23–0.54%, I2 = 83.48%) and 20% (95% CI: 0.16–0.25%, I2 = 83.48%), respectively. Overall, dementia was the main factor influencing poor health outcomes and high rates of mortality in older adults with COVID-19 infection (odds ratio 2.96; 95% CI 2.00–4.38, I2 = 29.7%), respectively. Our results show that older adults with dementia with COVID-19 infection have a higher risk of mortality compared with older adults without dementia. This current study further highlights the need to provide focused care to the older adults with dementia or cognitive impairment who have COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chia-Ju Lin
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|